重难点02 名词单复数变化规律（重难专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

重难点02 名词单复数变化规律 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 本专项核心考查方向与高考高频难点是名词单复数变化规律，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布（如202 5 年全国卷 I Ⅰ语法填空占比 6.6 %） 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.句法功能判断——必须用名词的“信号” 2. 词形转换陷阱——拼写与意义的特殊变化 3. 抽象名词与固定搭配 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： 聚焦 5 种类型可稳拿分数题目，确保重难点基础分值 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： 聚焦 5 种类型中高难度题目，争夺关键分数 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： 挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 ) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势 考点1：名词的单复数变化 （5年4考） 2024全国高考英语II卷—themes; 2024全国甲卷—treasures; 2023北京卷—cities; 2021全国乙卷—Activities; 1.考查重心从“形式变化”转向“句法功能判断”，如考查名词复数的规则变化，通过设置完整的句法结构来判断。 2.从“规则记忆”转向“不规则与派生词的精准运用”，如考查拼写不规则、词形变化特殊的名词，以及通过添加后缀派生的名词。 3.从“单一考点”转向“语境下的词义与词性甄别”，考查语境结合，如根据句意选择正确的派生词，主要方式是词义选择和词性甄别。 考点2规则名词复数的直接构成（5年9考） 2025 全国II卷—afternoons; 2025 浙江1月卷—times; 2024新课标I卷—favorites; 2023新高考II卷—interviews; 2023全国乙卷—wonders; 2023 浙江1月卷—events; 2022 新高考I卷—populations; 2021 新高考I卷—humans; 2021 全国甲卷—watchtowers。 考点3名词的格（主要是所有格） （5年3考） 2025 浙江1月卷—people’s; 2022 新高考II卷—son’s； 2021 浙江1月卷—person’s 考点4冠词(a/an/the)与名词的固定搭配 （5年1考） 2022全国乙卷—responsibility; 考点5词性转换（派生名词） （5年17考） 2025 全国I卷—guidance; 2025 全国II卷—absence; 2025 浙江1月卷—solution; 2024全国I卷—richness; 2024全国II卷—visibility; 2024全国甲卷—completion; 2024浙江1月卷—criticism; 2024 北京卷—self-awareness; 2023 全国II卷—arrival; 2023 全国甲卷—warning; 2023 浙江6月卷—photographer 2023 浙江6月卷—presence 2022 浙江1月卷—invitation; 2022 浙江6月卷—marriage; 2022 全国甲卷—protection; 2021 新课标II卷—representative; 2021 全国乙卷—development。 考点一：考查名词的单复数变化。 1. (2023北京卷) Mangroves can help soften waves and protect (city) from coastal winds. 答案：cities 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 名词变复数的规则 可以清晰地分为两大类：规则变化和不规则变化。 一、规则变化（绝大多数名词属于此类） 1. 绝大多数名词直接加-s，如book→books, student → students, apple→ apples; 2. 以 s, x, z, sh, ch 结尾的名词加-es，bus→buses, box→boxes, buzz→buzzes, dish→dishes, watch→watches； 3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的名词，变y → i + es，如city→cities, baby→babies, country→countries。注意：以元音字母 + y 结尾的，直接加-s。如：boy→boys, day→days； 4. 部分以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，变-f或-fe→ v + es，如leaf→leaves, wife→wives, knife→knives, half→halves 注意：有直接加-s的特例，需单独记忆。 【重要】以-f或-fe结尾名词的特例（常考）：变为-ves的常见词：wife, knife, wolf, thief, shelf, leaf, half, life, self (可以巧记为：妻子 用 小刀 和 狼 搏斗，小偷 从 架子 上偷走了一片 树叶 和 一半 的 生命。) 直接加-s的常见词：roof→roofs, belief→beliefs, chief→chiefs, proof →proofs, gulf→gulfs (可以巧记为：首领 相信 证据 在 海湾 和 屋顶 上。) 二、不规则变化（必须牢记，高考高频考点）：不规则变化没有统一的规则，需要特别记忆。 1. 改变内部元音，如man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese, mouse→mice； 2. 词尾加 -en，如child→children, ox→oxen (后者较少考)； 3. 单复数同形，如sheep, deer, fish (指鱼的种类时可用 fishes), Chinese, Japanese, series, means, species。技巧：这些词通过上下文中的谓语动词或数量词来体现复数。 4. 外来词保留其复数形式，如analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, phenomenon→ phenomena, criterion→criteria, datum→data (现在常作不可数名词)； 2.（2021全国乙卷）　 　 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 　 (to have) a low impact on the natural environment.  答案：Activities　 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：那里的活动包括观鲸、徒步旅行，住宿旨在对自然环境的影响降到最低。所给单词是名词，结合句子的谓语动词range可知，该名词要用其复数形式。此空位于句首，应该用大写字母。故填Activities。 特殊名词的复数形式 一、复合名词的复数（易错点）：复合名词变复数时，通常将主体名词变为复数。 1.名词+名词：将后一个作为主体名词变为复数（如果后一个名词是中心词），如：pencil box→pencil boxes (铅笔盒)； 2. 名词+介词/副词：将前面的名词变为复数，如passer-by→passers-by (过路人), mother-in-law →mothers-in-law (岳母)； 3. 无中心名词：在词尾加-s，如grown-up→grown-ups (成年人), forget-me-not→forget-me-nots (勿忘我花)。 二、常以复数形式出现的名词 这些名词本身通常表示由两部分构成的东西或特定的概念，通常用作复数。如clothes (衣服), trousers / pants (裤子), glasses (眼镜), scissors (剪刀), belongings (所有物), surroundings (环境), findings (调查结果)。 重要提示：表示“一条裤子”要用 a pair of trousers，作主语时，谓语动词与 pair 一致。如：This pair of trousers is... 3. (原创) The ___________ (find), mostly from the Yinxu site in Anyang, are of great value because present-day written characters can trace their history to the inscriptions. 答案：findings 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：这些发现大多来自安阳的殷墟遗址，具有很高的价值，因为现在的汉字可以追溯到这些铭文。提示词是动词，应该变为名词，另外句中谓语是复数形式are，所以本空也应该用复数形式。故填findings。 考点二：考查规则名词复数的直接构成。 4.（2025 全国II卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the (absence) of smog and plenty of blue sky (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 答案：afternoons 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 5. Systematic recordings of these pieces through traditional ink rubbings and digitized (approach) will also begin. 答案：approaches 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：通过传统的拓片技术和数字化的方法对这些甲骨进行系统的记录也将开始。本空作主语，用名词approach“方法”，方法不止一个，用复数形式。故填approaches。 考点三：考查名词的格（主要是所有格）。 名词的格 主要分为三种：主格、宾格和所有格。其中，所有格是高考的绝对重点和难点。 所有格的构成分为 ’s 所有格 和 of 所有格 两种。 一、’s 所有格的构成规则： 1. 大多数单数名词，词尾加 ’s，如my mother’s car, the cat’s tail； 2. 以-s结尾的复数名词，词尾只加 ’（撇号），如the teachers’ office, the students’ books，这是最常考的易错点之一。 3. 不以-s结尾的复数名词，词尾加 ’s，如the children’s toys, women’s rights； 4. 以-s结尾的单数人名/地名，通常加 ’s，读作 /ɪz/，如Charles’s job, Thomas’s idea, Jones’s car； 5. 并列名词，若表示共同所有，在最后名词加 ’s；若表示各自所有，每个名词都加 ’s。如Lucy and Lily’s room (共有的房间)，Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms (各自不同的房间)。完形填空中常需根据上下文判断。 二、 of 所有格的构成 of 所有格通常用于表示无生命事物的所属关系。 结构： the + 名词 + of + 名词 示例：the door of the room (房间的门)，the name of the film (电影的名字)，the development of technology (科技的发展) 6.（2025 浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean (returning) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 答案：people’s 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格people’s，作定语。故填people’s。 7. （2022 新高考II卷）“He saved my 　 　 (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown.“I don’t know 　 (how) to thank him.” 答案：son’s　 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：“他救了我儿子的命，”Mrs. Brown说，“我不知道如何感谢他。”设空处修饰后面的life，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应使用名词所有格。故用son’s。 考点四：考查冠词(a / an / the)与名词的固定搭配。 8.（2022全国乙卷）As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the (largest) tea-producing country, China has a 　 　 (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 答案：responsibility　 【解析】考查名词。句意：作为国际茶日的主要推动者、茶叶的故乡和最大的产茶国，中国有责任与其他国家一道，促进茶产业的健康发展。根据空前的冠词a可知，空格处需要用名词形式。have a responsibility to do sth表示“有责任做某事”。故填responsibility。 9.（原创）In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable ___________ (effect) of shifting sands and dust storms on nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. 答案：effects 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：为了对抗沙漠化，减轻流沙和沙尘暴对附近居民的不利影响，“绿色长城”逐渐形成。分析句子可知，这里考查“relieve the effects on/upon...”，是固定搭配，表示“减轻对…… 的影响”。故填on或upon。 考点五：考查词性转换（派生名词）。 10.（2025全国I卷）“You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 答案：guidance 【解析】考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 11.（2025全国II卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky (afternoons) with lots of fresh air. 答案：absence 【解析】考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 12.（2025浙江1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (to rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing. 答案：solution 【解析】考查名词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：名词的单复数规则变化】 1. Wang Yi, deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, (noted) in an interview that they proved cultural exchanges between the ancient Shu kingdom and other (region), including Hong Kong. 2.（2024 全国甲卷）They are ____________ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? 3.（25-26高三上·江苏南京·期中）China has become the world’s largest indoor ski market, home to over half of world’s total ski (enthusiastic) and six out of the ten biggest ones 39 (globally). 4. Many cities and provinces have included industrial tourism in their (policy) to boost the local tourism market. 5. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as (hero). 【类型二：名词复数的不规则变化】 6. (原创) A user named Eddy Liu created a group chat offering in-depth _____________ (analysis) on mastering Xiaohongshu, while others have posted instructions to make the Chinese-dominated app more accessible. 7. (原创) According to Shi, another professor, her museum will cooperate with the university’s School of Artificial Intelligence to look for the possibility of using the technology to facilitate the rejoining work based on analysis of big ___________ (datum). 【类型三：名词的格（主要是所有格）】 8. (2021年1月浙江高考）It is calculated by dividing a __________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___ (is considered) healthy. 9. Li Ziqi, one of the most popular (influencers) in China, made a dramatic return to social media after a three-year hiatus, capturing the (world) attention from home and abroad. 【类型四：词性转换（派生名词）】 10.（25-26高三上·浙江杭州）In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is impossible to guarantee __________ (consistent). 11. The newly opened AdventHealth Cancer Institute (had seen) strong public interest by last month, with patient (attend) surpassing expectations. 12.（2025·浙江·一模）Their performances embody both strength and (soft). 13. The Hongkou District Sports Festival, aiming to establish Shanghai’s Ruihong Tiandi as an integrated sports and (consume) centre, kicked off on July 5. 14.（24-25高三下·辽宁·期中）This centuries-old practice, deeply (rooted) in Chinese culture, was once a symbol of (elegant) for women, especially in the southeastern regions. 15. One of the reasons for the league’s rapid rise is its focus on mass (participate). 16. It plays a key role in (preserving) the nation’s written heritage — a legacy that carries the __________ (wise) of scholars and artists over millennia. 17. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. 18. Covering more than 200 pages, this book is organized into five sections, reflecting the journey of US-China __________ (engage) since diplomatic (外交的) ties began in 1979. 19. After the (appear) of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas suffered from declining sales. 20. The famous artist believed in the (connect) between youth and creativity. （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：名词的单复数规则变化】 1. (原创) The rapid development of modern ____________ (city) brings both opportunities and challenges. 2. (原创) The firefighters worked together to carry the heavy ____________ (box) out of the burning building. 3. (原创) In autumn, the ground is covered with golden _____________ (leaf) from the trees. 4. (原创) We watched several fascinating documentary _____________ (video) about wildlife in different countries. 5. (原创) For dinner, she prepared a delicious pasta sauce with fresh ______________ (tomato) and herbs. 【答案】tomatoes 【解析】考以-o结尾的名词复数。句意：晚餐时，她准备了新鲜的番茄和香草制成的美味意大利面酱。根据名词变复数的规则，以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词，其复数形式需加-es。句中with表示“带有”，后面的名词tomato需用复数形式tomatoes来表示多种材料。故填tomatoes。 【类型二：名词复数的不规则变化】 6. (原创)The scientists collected a great deal of data from various _____________ (phenomenon) they observed in the lab. 7. (原创)There are many _____________ (criterion) for judging a good piece of writing, and clarity is one of the most important ones. 8. (原创) In the photo, you can see several women doctors and a few _____________ (child) playing in the background. 【类型三：名词的格（主要是所有格）】 9. (原创) The ______________ (children) enthusiasm for the science project was truly inspiring. 10. (原创) After a two _______________ (weeks) journey, the explorers finally reached their destination. 11. (原创) That new sports car in the parking lot belongs to a friend of my _____________ (brother). 12. (原创) The _____________ (company) decision to invest in renewable energy was widely praised by all the employees. 13. (原创) The entire class is immersed in the collective revision, getting ready for the _____________ (year) final exams in the coming week. 【类型四：词性转换（派生名词）】 14. (原创) The successful _____________ (achieve) of these goals requires both determination and careful planning. 15. (原创) His ____________ (refuse) to cooperate with the local company made the entire project much more difficult. 16. (原创) The _____________ (long) of the bridge is approximately 2.5 kilometers, making it one of the longest in the region. 17. (原创) There is a strong _____________ (friend) between the two countries, built on decades of mutual trust. 18. (原创) The scientist presented a new ______________ (explain) for the unusual experimental results. 19. (原创) The ______________ (discover) of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 revolutionized modern medicine. 20. (原创) His sudden _______________ (depart) from the company where he was working surprised all of his colleagues. （建议用时：15分钟） 一、阅读理解 Can’t find the perfect bike to suit all your needs? Join us for our Build-Your-Own Bike Workshop and customize one for yourself! 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To provide free bike maintenance (维修) services. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following the success of “Ne Zha 2”, another Chinese animated film “Nobody” has gone viral. Its box office earnings 1 (total) 776 million yuan since its debut (首次推出) on August 2, smashing the record for Chinese-made 2D animated films. On Douban, 2 film review platform known for its stringent (严格的) ratings, the animation has scored an 3 (impress) 8.6, edging out “Ne Zha 2” by 0.1 points. “Both films are excellent. The former has grand special effects, while the latter excels in storytelling,” a movie-goer 4 surname is Cao said. 5 (base) on the classic “Journey to the West”, the film doesn’t focus on the Monkey King. Instead, it spotlights monsters that appear in the novel. A group of four low-level yaoguais decide to journey west by dressing up 6 Monk Tang’s team. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as 7 (hero). “The film puts contemporary themes onto minor yaoguais, 8 (ultimate) crafting a new story,” said producer Chen Liaoyu. Many viewers love 9 (it) sarcastic (讽刺的) take on work culture and focus on minor characters. “The cinema is filled with laughs of kids and adults’ tears,” one Douban comment reads. “As kids, we dreamed of being the Monkey King, only 10 (realize) we’re ordinary yaoguais as adults.” Professor Liang said Chinese creators reinvent traditional stories while honoring original values. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重难点02 名词单复数变化规律 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 本专项核心考查方向与高考高频难点是名词单复数变化规律，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布（如202 5 年全国卷 I Ⅰ语法填空占比 6.6 %） 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.句法功能判断——必须用名词的“信号” 2. 词形转换陷阱——拼写与意义的特殊变化 3. 抽象名词与固定搭配 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： 聚焦 5 种类型可稳拿分数题目，确保重难点基础分值 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： 聚焦 5 种类型中高难度题目，争夺关键分数 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： 挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 ) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势 考点1：名词的单复数变化 （5年4考） 2024全国高考英语II卷—themes; 2024全国甲卷—treasures; 2023北京卷—cities; 2021全国乙卷—Activities; 1.考查重心从“形式变化”转向“句法功能判断”，如考查名词复数的规则变化，通过设置完整的句法结构来判断。 2.从“规则记忆”转向“不规则与派生词的精准运用”，如考查拼写不规则、词形变化特殊的名词，以及通过添加后缀派生的名词。 3.从“单一考点”转向“语境下的词义与词性甄别”，考查语境结合，如根据句意选择正确的派生词，主要方式是词义选择和词性甄别。 考点2规则名词复数的直接构成（5年9考） 2025 全国II卷—afternoons; 2025 浙江1月卷—times; 2024新课标I卷—favorites; 2023新高考II卷—interviews; 2023全国乙卷—wonders; 2023 浙江1月卷—events; 2022 新高考I卷—populations; 2021 新高考I卷—humans; 2021 全国甲卷—watchtowers。 考点3名词的格（主要是所有格） （5年3考） 2025 浙江1月卷—people’s; 2022 新高考II卷—son’s； 2021 浙江1月卷—person’s 考点4冠词(a/an/the)与名词的固定搭配 （5年1考） 2022全国乙卷—responsibility; 考点5词性转换（派生名词） （5年17考） 2025 全国I卷—guidance; 2025 全国II卷—absence; 2025 浙江1月卷—solution; 2024全国I卷—richness; 2024全国II卷—visibility; 2024全国甲卷—completion; 2024浙江1月卷—criticism; 2024 北京卷—self-awareness; 2023 全国II卷—arrival; 2023 全国甲卷—warning; 2023 浙江6月卷—photographer 2023 浙江6月卷—presence 2022 浙江1月卷—invitation; 2022 浙江6月卷—marriage; 2022 全国甲卷—protection; 2021 新课标II卷—representative; 2021 全国乙卷—development。 考点一：考查名词的单复数变化。 1. (2023北京卷) Mangroves can help soften waves and protect (city) from coastal winds. 答案：cities 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 名词变复数的规则 可以清晰地分为两大类：规则变化和不规则变化。 一、规则变化（绝大多数名词属于此类） 1. 绝大多数名词直接加-s，如book→books, student → students, apple→ apples; 2. 以 s, x, z, sh, ch 结尾的名词加-es，bus→buses, box→boxes, buzz→buzzes, dish→dishes, watch→watches； 3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的名词，变y → i + es，如city→cities, baby→babies, country→countries。注意：以元音字母 + y 结尾的，直接加-s。如：boy→boys, day→days； 4. 部分以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，变-f或-fe→ v + es，如leaf→leaves, wife→wives, knife→knives, half→halves 注意：有直接加-s的特例，需单独记忆。 【重要】以-f或-fe结尾名词的特例（常考）：变为-ves的常见词：wife, knife, wolf, thief, shelf, leaf, half, life, self (可以巧记为：妻子 用 小刀 和 狼 搏斗，小偷 从 架子 上偷走了一片 树叶 和 一半 的 生命。) 直接加-s的常见词：roof→roofs, belief→beliefs, chief→chiefs, proof →proofs, gulf→gulfs (可以巧记为：首领 相信 证据 在 海湾 和 屋顶 上。) 二、不规则变化（必须牢记，高考高频考点）：不规则变化没有统一的规则，需要特别记忆。 1. 改变内部元音，如man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese, mouse→mice； 2. 词尾加 -en，如child→children, ox→oxen (后者较少考)； 3. 单复数同形，如sheep, deer, fish (指鱼的种类时可用 fishes), Chinese, Japanese, series, means, species。技巧：这些词通过上下文中的谓语动词或数量词来体现复数。 4. 外来词保留其复数形式，如analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, phenomenon→ phenomena, criterion→criteria, datum→data (现在常作不可数名词)； 2.（2021全国乙卷）　 　 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 　 (to have) a low impact on the natural environment.  答案：Activities　 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：那里的活动包括观鲸、徒步旅行，住宿旨在对自然环境的影响降到最低。所给单词是名词，结合句子的谓语动词range可知，该名词要用其复数形式。此空位于句首，应该用大写字母。故填Activities。 特殊名词的复数形式 一、复合名词的复数（易错点）：复合名词变复数时，通常将主体名词变为复数。 1.名词+名词：将后一个作为主体名词变为复数（如果后一个名词是中心词），如：pencil box→pencil boxes (铅笔盒)； 2. 名词+介词/副词：将前面的名词变为复数，如passer-by→passers-by (过路人), mother-in-law →mothers-in-law (岳母)； 3. 无中心名词：在词尾加-s，如grown-up→grown-ups (成年人), forget-me-not→forget-me-nots (勿忘我花)。 二、常以复数形式出现的名词 这些名词本身通常表示由两部分构成的东西或特定的概念，通常用作复数。如clothes (衣服), trousers / pants (裤子), glasses (眼镜), scissors (剪刀), belongings (所有物), surroundings (环境), findings (调查结果)。 重要提示：表示“一条裤子”要用 a pair of trousers，作主语时，谓语动词与 pair 一致。如：This pair of trousers is... 3. (原创) The ___________ (find), mostly from the Yinxu site in Anyang, are of great value because present-day written characters can trace their history to the inscriptions. 答案：findings 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：这些发现大多来自安阳的殷墟遗址，具有很高的价值，因为现在的汉字可以追溯到这些铭文。提示词是动词，应该变为名词，另外句中谓语是复数形式are，所以本空也应该用复数形式。故填findings。 考点二：考查规则名词复数的直接构成。 4.（2025 全国II卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the (absence) of smog and plenty of blue sky (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 答案：afternoons 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 5. Systematic recordings of these pieces through traditional ink rubbings and digitized (approach) will also begin. 答案：approaches 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：通过传统的拓片技术和数字化的方法对这些甲骨进行系统的记录也将开始。本空作主语，用名词approach“方法”，方法不止一个，用复数形式。故填approaches。 考点三：考查名词的格（主要是所有格）。 名词的格 主要分为三种：主格、宾格和所有格。其中，所有格是高考的绝对重点和难点。 所有格的构成分为 ’s 所有格 和 of 所有格 两种。 一、’s 所有格的构成规则： 1. 大多数单数名词，词尾加 ’s，如my mother’s car, the cat’s tail； 2. 以-s结尾的复数名词，词尾只加 ’（撇号），如the teachers’ office, the students’ books，这是最常考的易错点之一。 3. 不以-s结尾的复数名词，词尾加 ’s，如the children’s toys, women’s rights； 4. 以-s结尾的单数人名/地名，通常加 ’s，读作 /ɪz/，如Charles’s job, Thomas’s idea, Jones’s car； 5. 并列名词，若表示共同所有，在最后名词加 ’s；若表示各自所有，每个名词都加 ’s。如Lucy and Lily’s room (共有的房间)，Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms (各自不同的房间)。完形填空中常需根据上下文判断。 二、 of 所有格的构成 of 所有格通常用于表示无生命事物的所属关系。 结构： the + 名词 + of + 名词 示例：the door of the room (房间的门)，the name of the film (电影的名字)，the development of technology (科技的发展) 6.（2025 浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean (returning) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 答案：people’s 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格people’s，作定语。故填people’s。 7. （2022 新高考II卷）“He saved my 　 　 (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown.“I don’t know 　 (how) to thank him.” 答案：son’s　 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：“他救了我儿子的命，”Mrs. Brown说，“我不知道如何感谢他。”设空处修饰后面的life，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应使用名词所有格。故用son’s。 考点四：考查冠词(a / an / the)与名词的固定搭配。 8.（2022全国乙卷）As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the (largest) tea-producing country, China has a 　 　 (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 答案：responsibility　 【解析】考查名词。句意：作为国际茶日的主要推动者、茶叶的故乡和最大的产茶国，中国有责任与其他国家一道，促进茶产业的健康发展。根据空前的冠词a可知，空格处需要用名词形式。have a responsibility to do sth表示“有责任做某事”。故填responsibility。 9.（原创）In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable ___________ (effect) of shifting sands and dust storms on nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. 答案：effects 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：为了对抗沙漠化，减轻流沙和沙尘暴对附近居民的不利影响，“绿色长城”逐渐形成。分析句子可知，这里考查“relieve the effects on/upon...”，是固定搭配，表示“减轻对…… 的影响”。故填on或upon。 考点五：考查词性转换（派生名词）。 10.（2025全国I卷）“You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 答案：guidance 【解析】考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 11.（2025全国II卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky (afternoons) with lots of fresh air. 答案：absence 【解析】考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 12.（2025浙江1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (to rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing. 答案：solution 【解析】考查名词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：名词的单复数规则变化】 1. Wang Yi, deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, (noted) in an interview that they proved cultural exchanges between the ancient Shu kingdom and other (region), including Hong Kong. 【答案】regions 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：四川省文化和旅游厅副厅长王毅在一次采访中指出，这些文物证明了古蜀王国与包括香港在内的其他地区之间的文化交流。region是可数名词，other表示“其他的”，后接可数名词复数，所以此处用regions。故填regions。 2.（2024 全国甲卷）They are ____________ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? 【答案】treasures 【详解】考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。国家公园系统是如何形成的？treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 3.（25-26高三上·江苏南京·期中）China has become the world’s largest indoor ski market, home to over half of world’s total ski (enthusiastic) and six out of the ten biggest ones 39 (globally). 【答案】enthusiasts 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：中国已成为全球最大室内滑雪市场，拥有超全球半数滑雪爱好者及十大滑雪场中的六个。空处作of的宾语，被world’s total ski修饰，名词enthusiast符合题意，意为“爱好者”，且world’s表明可数名词enthusiast需用复数形式。故填enthusiasts。 4. Many cities and provinces have included industrial tourism in their (policy) to boost the local tourism market. 【答案】policies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：许多城市和省份已将工业旅游纳入政策，以推动当地旅游市场的发展。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据“their”可推测，空处为名词的复数形式。故填policies。 5. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as (hero). 【答案】heroes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在这段旅程中，他们从邪恶妖怪手中救下村民，最终被人们铭记为英雄。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填heroes。 【类型二：名词复数的不规则变化】 6. (原创) A user named Eddy Liu created a group chat offering in-depth _____________ (analysis) on mastering Xiaohongshu, while others have posted instructions to make the Chinese-dominated app more accessible. 【答案】analyses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：一位名叫Eddy Liu的用户创建了一个群聊，提供掌握小红书的深度分析，而其他人则发布了操作指南，让这个以中文为主的应用更容易使用。空处应用名词作宾语，因为是群聊，数据分析（analysis）当然应该是复数形式。故填analyses。 7. (原创) According to Shi, another professor, her museum will cooperate with the university’s School of Artificial Intelligence to look for the possibility of using the technology to facilitate the rejoining work based on analysis of big ___________ (datum). 【答案】data 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：据另一位教授石说，她的博物馆将与该校的人工智能学院合作，探讨利用大数据分析技术促进重新拼接工作的可能性。本空用作介词宾语，用名词data “数据”。根据句意，此空应该用复数形式，表示“（大量的）数据”。故填data。 【类型三：名词的格（主要是所有格）】 8. (2021年1月浙江高考）It is calculated by dividing a __________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___ (is considered) healthy. 【答案】person’s 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：通过将一个人的体重（千克）除以身高（米）的平方来计算，当BMI在19到之间时被认为是健康的。此空用在名词前，要么用所有格，要么用形容词。根据句意判断，这里应用所有格，指“一个人（的体重）”。故填person’s。 9. Li Ziqi, one of the most popular (influencers) in China, made a dramatic return to social media after a three-year hiatus, capturing the (world) attention from home and abroad. 【答案】world’s 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：李子柒，中国最受欢迎的网红之一，在阔别三年后戏剧性地回归社交媒体，吸引了国内外的关注。空处修饰名词attention，应用名词所有格，故填world’s。 【类型四：词性转换（派生名词）】 10.（25-26高三上·浙江杭州）In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is impossible to guarantee __________ (consistent). 【答案】consistency 【详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，即使在这些语言中的任何一种语言中，也不可能保证一致性。提示词作宾语，用名词形式consistency，意为“一致性”，不可数名词。故填consistency。 11. The newly opened AdventHealth Cancer Institute (had seen) strong public interest by last month, with patient (attend) surpassing expectations. 【答案】attendance 【详解】考查名词。句意：截至上个月，新成立的AdventHealth癌症研究所已经引起了公众的强烈兴趣，患者就诊人数超出了预期。空处需填名词作介词with的宾语，attend的名词为attendance，意为“就诊人数”，不可数名词。故填attendance。 12.（2025·浙江·一模）Their performances embody both strength and (soft). 【答案】softness 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的表演体现了力量和柔软。提示词与名词strength是并列关系，作宾语，用名词形式softness，意为“柔软”，不可数名词。故填softness。 13. The Hongkou District Sports Festival, aiming to establish Shanghai’s Ruihong Tiandi as an integrated sports and (consume) centre, kicked off on July 5. 【答案】consumption 【详解】考查名词。句意：虹口区体育节于7月5日开幕，旨在将上海瑞虹天地打造为综合体育和消费中心。“consume”是动词，此处需要一个名词与 “sports”并列，共同修饰“centre”，“consumption”表示“消费”，名词作定语，强调类别、用途或属性。故填consumption。 14.（24-25高三下·辽宁·期中）This centuries-old practice, deeply (rooted) in Chinese culture, was once a symbol of (elegant) for women, especially in the southeastern regions. 【答案】elegance 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种有着数百年历史的习俗深深扎根于中国文化，曾经是女性优雅的象征，尤其是在东南部地区。of是介词，后面接名词elegance作宾语，表示“优雅，高雅”，不可数名词。故填elegance。 15. One of the reasons for the league’s rapid rise is its focus on mass (participate). 【答案】participation 【详解】考查名词。句意：联赛迅速崛起的原因之一是它注重大众参与。本空作介词on的宾语，用participate的名词participation“参加”。故填participation。 16. It plays a key role in (preserving) the nation’s written heritage — a legacy that carries the __________ (wise) of scholars and artists over millennia. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】考查名词。句意：它在保护民族文字遗产方面发挥着关键作用——这份遗产承载了学者和艺术家数千年的智慧。根据the可知，此空应是名词，作carries的宾语。wise的名词形式是wisdom，意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。故填wisdom。 17. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. 【答案】vitality 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着绿色屏障的成功建成，这个曾经饱受严重沙尘暴困扰的地区将迎来新的生机和充满活力的生态系统。空处作see的宾语，名词vitality，表示“活力；生机”，符合句意，不可数。故填vitality。 18. Covering more than 200 pages, this book is organized into five sections, reflecting the journey of US-China __________ (engage) since diplomatic (外交的) ties began in 1979. 【答案】engagement 【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书长达200多页，共分为五个部分，反映了自1979年中美建交以来两国交往的历程。此处作介词“of”的宾语用名词engagement，不可数。故填engagement。 19. After the (appear) of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas suffered from declining sales. 【答案】appearance 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代机械伞出现后，传统油纸伞的销量逐渐下滑。所填空前有定冠词the修饰，需用动词appear的名词形式appearance，表“出现”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填appearance。 20. The famous artist believed in the (connect) between youth and creativity. 【答案】connection 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位著名艺术家相信青春与创造力之间的联系。所填空前有定冠词the修饰，需用动词connect的名词形式connection，表示“联系”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填connection。 （建议用时：20分钟） 【类型一：名词的单复数规则变化】 1. (原创) The rapid development of modern ____________ (city) brings both opportunities and challenges. 【答案】cities 【解析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：现代城市的快速发展，带来了机遇和挑战。以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的名词变复数时，需先将 y 变为 i，再加 -es。主语The rapid development要求其后的核心名词 city 以复数形式出现，表示一个普遍现象。故填cities。 2. (原创) The firefighters worked together to carry the heavy ____________ (box) out of the burning building. 【答案】boxes 【解析】考查以-x结尾的名词复数。句意：消防员们一起将沉重的箱子从燃烧的大楼中搬出来。根据名词变复数的规则，以字母x结尾的名词，其复数形式需加 -es。句中形容词heavy和语境暗示了多个箱子，因此填 boxes。故填boxes。 3. (原创) In autumn, the ground is covered with golden _____________ (leaf) from the trees. 【答案】leaves 【解析】考查以-f或-fe结尾的名词复数。句意：秋天，地面被树上落下的金色树叶覆盖。根据名词变复数的规则，部分以-f或-fe结尾的名词，需将其变为 -ves。leaf是其中之一，其复数形式为leaves。同类词有knife→knives, wife→wives, shelf→shelves等。句中的are covered暗示了树叶是大量的，为复数概念。故填leaves。 4. (原创) We watched several fascinating documentary _____________ (video) about wildlife in different countries. 【答案】videos 【解析】考查以-o结尾的名词复数。句意：我们观看了几个关于不同国家野生动物的引人入胜的纪录片视频。根据名词变复数的规则，video以元音字母o结尾，其复数形式直接加-s，构成videos。数量词several和介词in后的泛指概念，提示了需用复数形式。故填videos。 5. (原创) For dinner, she prepared a delicious pasta sauce with fresh ______________ (tomato) and herbs. 【答案】tomatoes 【解析】考以-o结尾的名词复数。句意：晚餐时，她准备了新鲜的番茄和香草制成的美味意大利面酱。根据名词变复数的规则，以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词，其复数形式需加-es。句中with表示“带有”，后面的名词tomato需用复数形式tomatoes来表示多种材料。故填tomatoes。 【类型二：名词复数的不规则变化】 6. (原创)The scientists collected a great deal of data from various _____________ (phenomenon) they observed in the lab. 【答案】phenomena 【解析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：科学家们从他们在实验室观察到的各种现象中收集了大量数据。根据句子结构和句意来看，这里应该用复数形式。phenomenon 是不规则名词，其复数形式为 phenomena。这个外来词的复数形式是高考高频考点。故填phenomena。 7. (原创)There are many _____________ (criterion) for judging a good piece of writing, and clarity is one of the most important ones. 【答案】criteria 【解析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：评判一篇好文章的标准有很多，清晰性是最重要的标准之一。根据句子结构(空前有many)和句意来看，这里应该用复数形式。criterion 是另一个常考的外来词，其复数形式为 criteria。故填criteria。 8. (原创) In the photo, you can see several women doctors and a few _____________ (child) playing in the background. 【答案】children 【解析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：照片中，你可以看到几位女医生，以及几个在背景中玩耍的孩子。根据句子结构(空前有a few)和句意来看，这里应该用复数形式。child 的复数是不规则的 children。故填children。 【类型三：名词的格（主要是所有格）】 9. (原创) The ______________ (children) enthusiasm for the science project was truly inspiring. 【答案】children’s 【解析】考查不规则复数名词的所有格。句意：孩子们对科学项目的热情真是令人鼓舞。children是不规则复数名词（单数为child），其所有格形式是在词尾直接加’s，即 children’s。句意是“孩子们对科学项目的热情”。故填children’s。 10. (原创) After a two _______________ (weeks) journey, the explorers finally reached their destination. 【答案】weeks’ 【解析】考查表示时间的名词所有格。句意：两个星期的旅程之后，探险者们最终到达了他们的目的地。以-s结尾的复数名词，其所有格形式只在词尾加’（撇号）。two weeks 是一个以-s结尾的复数名词，因此其所有格是two weeks’，意为“为期两周的旅程”。故填weeks’。 11. (原创) That new sports car in the parking lot belongs to a friend of my _____________ (brother). 【答案】brother’s 【解析】考查双重所有格结构。句意：停车场里的那辆新跑车是我哥哥的一个朋友的车。双重所有格的结构是“a / an / this / that... +名词+ of +名词所有格”。整个短语“a friend of my brother’s”意为“我哥哥的一个朋友”= one of my brother’s friend。故填brother’s。 12. (原创) The _____________ (company) decision to invest in renewable energy was widely praised by all the employees. 【答案】company’s 【解析】考查有生命（或被视为有生命的）实体的所有格。句意：公司投资可再生能源的决定得到了所有员工的广泛赞誉。company（公司）作为一个组织，可以被视为一个有生命的实体，因此可以使用’s 所有格。The company’s decision 意为“公司的决定”。故填company’s。 13. (原创) The entire class is immersed in the collective revision, getting ready for the _____________ (year) final exams in the coming week. 【答案】year’s 【解析】考查表示时间的名词所有格。句意：整个班级都沉浸在集体复习中，为下周的年度期末考试做准备。单数名词的所有格是在词尾加’s。year是单数名词，the year’s final exams 意为“学年的期末考试”。故填year’s。 【类型四：词性转换（派生名词）】 14. (原创) The successful _____________ (achieve) of these goals requires both determination and careful planning. 【答案】achievement 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：成功实现这些目标需要决心和周密计划。根据句子结构和句意来看，此空用作主语，提示词为动词，应该用名词形式，achieve可以加后缀-ment（表示行为、过程或结果）。故填achievement。 15. (原创) His ____________ (refuse) to cooperate with the local company made the entire project much more difficult. 【答案】refusal 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：他拒绝与当地公司合作，这使得整个项目变得更加困难。此空在句中用作主语，应该用名词形式。动词 refuse（拒绝）变为名词时，常加后缀为 -al（表示动作或过程），先去掉原动词末尾的“e”再加“-al”。故填refusal。 16. (原创) The _____________ (long) of the bridge is approximately 2.5 kilometers, making it one of the longest in the region. 【答案】length 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：这座桥的长度大约是2.5公里，使其成为该地区最长的桥梁之一。此空在句中用作主语，应该用名词形式。形容词 long（长的）变为名词时，通常加后缀-th，表示状态或属性。故填length。 17. (原创) There is a strong _____________ (friend) between the two countries, built on decades of mutual trust. 【答案】friendship 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：两国之间有着建立在数十年互信基础上的牢固友谊。此空在句中用作主语，应该用名词形式。名词 friend（朋友）变为表示“关系、状态”的抽象名词时，后缀为-ship。故填friendship。 18. (原创) The scientist presented a new ______________ (explain) for the unusual experimental results. 【答案】explanation 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：科学家为不寻常的实验结果提出了新的解释。根据句子结构判断，此空用作宾语，应该用名词形式。动词 explain（解释）变为名词时，通常后缀为-tion（表示行为、过程或结果）。注意动词拼写变化：explain→explanation。故填explanation。 19. (原创) The ______________ (discover) of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 revolutionized modern medicine. 【答案】discovery 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：1928年，Alexander Fleming对青霉素的发现，彻底改变了现代医学。根据句子结构判断，此空用作主语，应该用名词形式。动词 discover（发现）变为名词时，通常后缀为-y（表示行为、结果或状态）。故填discovery。 20. (原创) His sudden _______________ (depart) from the company where he was working surprised all of his colleagues. 【答案】departure 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：他突然从工作的公司离职让所有同事都感到惊讶。根据句子结构判断，此空用作主语，应该用名词形式。动词 depart（离开）变为名词时，后缀为-ure（表示动作或结果）。故填departure。 （建议用时：15分钟） 一、阅读理解 Can’t find the perfect bike to suit all your needs? Join us for our Build-Your-Own Bike Workshop and customize one for yourself! Our committed trainers will take you through step-by-step instructions in this5-day workshop to guide you in building your own bike. This workshop will not only provide a satisfying hands-on experience but will also expand your knowledge of bike parts, how they work and how to maintain them. Gear up for an enriching time! Date: 2-6 May 2025 Time: 9am-12pm daily Course Course Fees: $500 per participant Fees include: ●All bike parts             ●Instruction sheets            ●Trainer fees Limited to 6 participants to ensure you get the attention you need. Sign up now at www. urbanbikeshop. com for the ultimate build-your-own bike experience! 10% Early Bird DiscountFor Sign-ups Before 1 April *Membership entitles you to an additional cash discount of $30. What Urban Bike Shop is all about. . . We are the go-to platform for cyclists to shop for bike parts and build their own bikes. Additionally, our platform links you to the various bike retailers (零售商) so you can shop for bikes and components more easily. Our Vision To promote the joy of cycling and serve as a platform where cyclists can set fitness goals, achieve them, and be rewarded for their efforts, we hope to connect cyclists and inspire them to share their experiences with our year-long events. 1. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Maintain fitness through cycling. B. Gain the know-how to build bikes. C. Master the skills of being a trainer. D. Produce bike components by hand. 2. How much should an Urban Bike Shop member pay for registration in March? A. $420. B. $450. C. $470. D. $500. 3. What is Urban Bike Shop’s long-term goal? A. To make high-end bikes more accessible. B. To attract as many bike retailers as possible. C. To create an interaction network for cyclists. D. To provide free bike maintenance (维修) services. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Urban Bike Shop举办的为期5天的自制自行车工坊活动。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our committed trainers will take you through step by step instructions in this 5 day workshop to guide you in building your own bike. This workshop will not only provide a satisfying hands on experience but will also expand your knowledge of bike parts, how they work and how to maintain them.(我们敬业的教练将在这个为期5天的工坊里为您提供逐步指导，引导您打造自己的自行车。这个工坊不仅会提供令人满意的实践体验，还会拓展您对自行车部件、它们的工作原理以及如何保养它们的知识)”可知，参与者在工坊中可以获得制造自行车的专门知识。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中“Course Fees: $500 per participant (课程费用：每位学员500美元)”以及第二张图表中“10% Early Bird Discount For Sign ups Before 1 April (4月1日前报名可享9折优惠)”和“*Membership entitles you to an additional cash discount of $30(*会员资格使您享有30美元的额外现金折扣)”可知，课程费用每人500美元，4月1日前报名有10%的早鸟折扣，会员还有额外30美元的现金折扣。3月报名属于早鸟优惠，先打九折，500×(1-10%) = 450美元，会员再减去30美元，450-30 = 420美元。所以Urban Bike Shop的会员3月报名需支付420美元。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To promote the joy of cycling and serve as a platform where cyclists can set fitness goals, achieve them, and be rewarded for their efforts, we hope to connect cyclists and inspire them to share their experiences with our year long events.(为了推广骑行的乐趣，成为一个让骑行者可以设定健身目标、实现目标并因努力而获得奖励的平台，我们希望通过全年的活动将骑行者联系起来，并激励他们分享自己的经验)”可知，Urban Bike Shop的长期目标是为骑行者创建一个互动网络。故选C项。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following the success of “Ne Zha 2”, another Chinese animated film “Nobody” has gone viral. Its box office earnings 1 (total) 776 million yuan since its debut (首次推出) on August 2, smashing the record for Chinese-made 2D animated films. On Douban, 2 film review platform known for its stringent (严格的) ratings, the animation has scored an 3 (impress) 8.6, edging out “Ne Zha 2” by 0.1 points. “Both films are excellent. The former has grand special effects, while the latter excels in storytelling,” a movie-goer 4 surname is Cao said. 5 (base) on the classic “Journey to the West”, the film doesn’t focus on the Monkey King. Instead, it spotlights monsters that appear in the novel. A group of four low-level yaoguais decide to journey west by dressing up 6 Monk Tang’s team. The journey sees them save villagers from evil yaoguais and be remembered as 7 (hero). “The film puts contemporary themes onto minor yaoguais, 8 (ultimate) crafting a new story,” said producer Chen Liaoyu. Many viewers love 9 (it) sarcastic (讽刺的) take on work culture and focus on minor characters. “The cinema is filled with laughs of kids and adults’ tears,” one Douban comment reads. “As kids, we dreamed of being the Monkey King, only 10 (realize) we’re ordinary yaoguais as adults.” Professor Liang said Chinese creators reinvent traditional stories while honoring original values. 【答案】1. have totaled (totalled) 2. a 3. impressive 4. whose 5. Based 6. as 7. heroes 8. ultimately 9. its 10. to realize 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国产动画电影《浪浪山小妖怪》，介绍了其热度、剧情、观众的反馈以及影评人的评价等内容。 1. 考查动词时态。句意：该片自8月2日首映以来，票房总收入已达7.76亿元，打破了国产2D动画电影的票房纪录。空处动词作谓语；由时间状语since its debut on August 2可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语是复数，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have totaled或have totalled。 2. 考查冠词。句意：在以评分严格著称的影评平台豆瓣上，这部动画获得了8.6的高分，以0.1分险胜《哪吒2》。修饰名词单数“film review platform”，表示泛指，用不定冠词，作Douban的同位语。故填a。 3. 考查形容词。句意：在以评分严格著称的影评平台豆瓣上，这部动画获得了令人印象深刻的8.6的高分，以0.1分险胜《哪吒2》。空处用形容词修饰“8.6”，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：“这两部电影都很出色。前者胜在宏大的特效，后者则在叙事上更具优势。”一位曹姓观众如此评价。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“a movie-goer”和“surname”之间为所有关系，用关系代词“whose”引导。故填whose。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：《浪浪山小妖怪》改编自经典名著《西游记》，但并未将焦点放在孙悟空身上。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语“the film”和动词“base”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Based。 6. 考查介词。句意：影片讲述了四名底层小妖，通过伪装成唐僧师徒的模样踏上西行之路的故事。空处为介词形式，意为“作为……”，用介词“as”。故填as。 7. 考查名词的数。句意：在这段旅程中，他们从邪恶妖怪手中救下村民，最终被人们铭记为英雄。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填heroes。 8. 考查副词。句意：“这部电影将当代主题融入小妖的故事中，最终打造出一个全新的故事。”制片人陈廖宇表示。空处为担当本句时间状语用副词形式，意为“最终”。故填ultimately。 9. 考查代词。句意：许多观众喜爱影片对职场文化的讽刺视角，以及对小人物的关注。修饰名词用形容性物主代词，意为“它的”。故填its。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：小时候，我们梦想成为孙悟空，长大后才明白自己只是平凡的小妖。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示“出乎意料的结果”，用动词不定式形式。故填to realize。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $