Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

[对应知能达标训练P22] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．After continuous attempts，he received financial(finance) support from the King and Queen of Spain.(译林选必三U3) 2．The acquisition (acquire) of wealth is his only purpose. 3．(2023·北京卷)Habit formation is the process by which behaviours become automatic (autonomy). 4．All the dogs are assessed (assess) and trained properly.There are now 40 dogs working with children aged (age) from 6 to 18. 5．His actions were based on a false assumption (assume). 6．You should rely on your own judgement (judge). 7．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Farber，a graduate of Colorado State University，started out as a more conventional(convention) veterinarian. 8．It can be beneficial (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．In conclusion (总之)，sport is good for your health and happiness，and for society. 2．His judgement and references are decidedly American，as well as (以及) his delicate stomach. 3．It is a pity that (真遗憾) we shall have to leave tomorrow. 4．That is why (这就是为什么) we decided to cancel the discussion. 5．We freely exchange opinions and ideas around here，regardless of (不用考虑) rank relationship. 6．These children have never been exposed to Western culture (体验西方文化). Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said: “Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today — and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.” A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time，his constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside．I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But I'm just not creative.” “Do you dream at night when you're asleep？” “Oh，sure.” “So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“That's pretty creative.Who does that for you？” “Nobody.I do it.” “Really－at night，when you're asleep？” “Sure.” “Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？” [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。 1．The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ． A．know more about the students B．make the lessons more exciting C．raise the students' interest in art D．teach the students about toy design 解析：A　推理判断题。由第二段“A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.”可知，当作者把拼装式玩具放在学生面前的时候，有些学生犹豫着在等着看别人如何行动，有一些学生查看了使用说明并根据模型做出了一些东西。而另外一些学生则根据本人的想象力做出了一些东西。通过观察，作者对每个学生有了更多的了解。故选A。 2．What do we know about the boy mentioned in paragraph 3? A．He liked to help his teacher. B．He preferred to study alone. C．He was active in class. D．He was imaginative. 解析：D　推理判断题。由第三段中“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.”可知，这是一个非常有创造力的人在工作。他的出现意味着作者在课堂上有一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。所以这个男孩很有想象力和创造力，故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “downside” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mistake. B．Drawback. C．Difficulty. D．Burden. 解析：B　词义猜测题。由第四段“I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.”可知，作者冒着失去那些有着不同思考方式的学生的风险，可知这种方法也有弊端，所以“downside”意思是“弊端”，故选B。 4．Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams? A．To help them to see their creativity. B．To find out about their sleeping habits. C．To help them to improve their memory. D．To find out about their ways of thinking. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据对话内容可知，作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们看到自己的创造性和想象力。故选A。 B A new study，published in Music Education Research，examined whether an extended music education had an impact on pupils' experienced satisfaction with school.Nearly 1，000 pupils at ten Finnish schools with extended music classes and comparison classes participated in a survey that measured the quality of school life at Year 3 and Year 6. According to the results，the differences between the extended music classes and the comparison classes were significant at Year 6.But there were no differences between the groups at Year 3.The most likely explanation is the amount of music lessons which was four hours per week for the extended music classes and one lesson per week for the normal classes. Merely attending an extended education class at Year 3 did not cause differences in school satisfaction.To explore whether belonging to any extended education class would have the same benefits，some extended education classes that focus on visual arts and sports were recently included in the analysis.However，school satisfaction in these classes did not differ from that in the normal ones at Year 6. “Singing in a choir and group performance are popular activities at extended music classes.Other studies have established that people find it very satisfying to synchronize (合拍)with one another.That increases connection within the group and may even make people like each other.Other objects in the school do not have as much training in synchrony and cooperation as music lessons，which could explain part of the phenomenon，” says doctoral student Pävi­Sisko Eerola，at the University of Jyväskylä，Finland. A particular answer may be that girls usually tend to give more positive scores on satisfaction with school and they also make up the majority of pupils at extended music classes.However，the gender differences do not fully explain the observed results.In fact，it seems that extended music classes improve the quality of school life more for boys than girls. Maybe it's impossible to adopt the Finnish music education system，but the benefits of having a few extra hours of art and self­expression via music every week are dramatic and necessary. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。调查发现，延长音乐课会极大影响学生对学校生活的满意度，因为音乐课上大量的音乐活动训练使得学生互相喜欢，这加强了人与人之间的联系。 5．What did the new study find? A．Elder kids are content with school when receiving more music lessons. B．Extended music education is getting popular in many Finnish schools. C．Primary pupils have different preference for the class arrangements. D．Music education may have different functions in different grades. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study，published in Music Education Research，examined whether an extended music education had an impact on pupils' experienced satisfaction with school.(发表在《音乐教育研究》上的一项新研究调查了延长音乐教育是否会影响学生对学校的体验满意度。)”以及第二段 “According to the results，the differences between the extended music classes and the comparison classes were significant at Year 6.But there were no differences between the groups at Year 3.The most likely explanation is the amount of music lessons which was four hours per week for the extended music classes and one lesson per week for the normal classes.(结果显示，在六年级时，音乐拓展班与对照班之间有显著的差异。但三年级各组间没有差异。最可能的解释是音乐课的数量带来的影响，音乐拓展班每周上4个小时音乐课，而对照普通班每周只上1个小时。)”可知，年长的学生在接受更多音乐课的情况下，对学校生活也更满意。故选A。 6．What is the characteristic of those newly included education classes? A．They pay more attention to kids' feelings and emotions. B．They stress visual appreciation and physical activity. C．They are extended to the same length and frequency. D．They are attended by both younger and elder kids. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“some extended education classes that focus on visual arts and sports were recently included in the analysis (最近，该分析还包括了以视觉艺术和肢体运动为重点的延伸教育课)”可知，这些最新研究的课程强调视觉艺术和肢体运动。故选B。 7．What's the benefit of extended music classes according to Eerola? A．They can promote teamwork between students. B．They can build good teacher­student relationship. C．They effectively practice students' singing skill. D．They will develop students' interest in music. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段的Eerola 所说的“Other studies have established that people find it very satisfying to synchronize with one another.That increases connection within the group and may even make people like each other.Other objects in the school do not have as much training in synchrony and cooperation as music lessons (其他研究已经证实，人们发现彼此同步的效果非常令人满意。这增加了群体内部的联系，甚至可能让人们喜欢上彼此。学校里的其他课程没有音乐课那么多的同步和合作训练)”可知，音乐拓展课可以训练学生协调和合拍，锻炼了学生的团队协作能力。故选A。 8．Who will probably be most interested in the finding of the new study? A．The researchers. B．Music teachers. C．Finnish students. D．School administrators. 解析：D　推理判断题。综合全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Maybe it's impossible to adopt the Finnish music education system，but the benefits of having a few extra hours of art and self­expression via music every week are dramatic and necessary.(虽然不可能采用芬兰的音乐教育体系，但每周多花几个小时通过音乐进行艺术自我表达的好处是非常明显和必要的。)”可知，这一调查关乎音乐课是否应该延长，所以学校管理者应该对此感兴趣。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·全国甲卷)One day，we had a family dinner.While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside，I was left alone in the 1 to help my grandmother wash dishes. 2 my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother 3 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine.She did not have a chance to go to 4 ．Like in typical families，where boys were 5 much more than girls，my grandma had to stay at home to do 6 ．The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to 7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor.She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table，listening 9 ．This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite 10 ，especially whenever we share the newspaper.On most weekends，my grandmother，a young girl then，and her brother would go to the 11 ．There，they would walk through deep water，sit down cross­legged underwater and hold their 12 while they watched all action going on around them.This is something I 13 —her ability to open her 14 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. My childhood is quite 15 compared with hers.I am 16 that I did not need to 17 the hardships like she did.I've never faced the problem of 18 ．I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 20 ． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在帮奶奶洗碗时，奶奶与往常一样给作者讲述她童年的故事。奶奶出生在第二次世界大战前，她的童年经历了很多艰辛，与作者的童年生活大不相同。作者认为这些不同使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象。 1．A.sitting room B．kitchen C．yard D．dining hall 解析：B　结合下文的“help my grandmother wash dishes”和常识可知，吃完晚饭后，作者在厨房帮助奶奶洗碗。sitting room“起居室，客厅”；kitchen“厨房”；yard“院子”；dining hall“食堂，餐厅”。 2．A.As always B．By the way C．For example D．Here and now 解析：A　根据下文内容可知，作者很熟悉奶奶的童年，所以此处表示像往常一样，奶奶会告诉作者关于她童年的故事。as always“和往常一样”；by the way“顺便提一下”；for example“例如”；here and now“此时此刻”。 3．A.adjusted B．promoted C．achieved D．experienced 解析：D　根据空前的“Born just before WWⅡ”和空后的“entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可知，奶奶经历了(experienced)一个与作者完全不一样的童年。 4．A.work B．school C．court D．press 解析：B　根据下文的“The only opportunity she could seize to...with the family tutor”可知，奶奶没有机会上学(school)。 5．A.favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged 解析：A　根据下文的“my grandma had to stay at home to do 6 ．The only opportunity...at the far end of the long dinner table”可知，那时男孩更受偏爱。favor“偏爱，偏袒”；tolerate“宽容，容忍”；trust“信任”；acknowledge“承认，认可”。 6．A.gardening B．homework C．business D．housework 解析：D　结合语境和常识可知，奶奶必须要在家里做家务(housework)。 7．A.exercise B．study C．explore D．teach 解析：B　根据下文的“when her brother...family tutor”及“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese”可知，此处描述奶奶唯一能够学习(study)的机会。 8．A.food B．guests C．lessons D．tea 解析：C　根据下文的“with the family tutor.She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table，listening”可知，奶奶的哥哥在家里上中文课(lessons)。 9．A.closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely 解析：A　奶奶的哥哥上中文课时，奶奶总是听得很认真。closely“仔细地，严密地”；directly“直接地”；nervously“焦虑地”；freely“自由地，不受限制地”。 10．A.professional B．awkward C．simple D．practical 解析：D　根据下文的“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可知，奶奶的这一技能非常实用，尤其是在一起看报纸时。professional “专业的”；awkward“尴尬的”；simple“简单的”；practical“实用的”。 11．A.market B．mountain C．beach D．class 解析：C　根据下文的“walk through deep water，sit down cross­legged underwater”可知，奶奶会和她哥哥一起去海滩(beach)。 12．A.secret B．breath C．view D．tongue 解析：B　奶奶坐在水下，所以会屏住呼吸(breath)。secret“秘密”；breath“呼吸”；view“视野”；tongue“舌，舌头”。 13．A.admire B．notice C．adopt D．value 解析：A　根据下文的“her ability to open...still sit comfortably on the seabed”可知，作者佩服奶奶在水下的能力。admire“敬佩，钦佩，羡慕”；notice“注意到”；adopt“采取”；value“尊重，重视”。 14．A.hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms 解析：C　根据上文的“while they watched all action going on around them”可知，奶奶在水下能够睁开眼睛(eyes)。 15．A.difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar 解析：C　根据上文对奶奶童年的描述“Like in typical families，where boys...far end of the long dinner table”以及下文的“I am...guess our different childhood background”可知，与奶奶相比，作者的童年是幸福的(happy)。 16．A.grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful 解析：A　作者很感激自己不用经历奶奶童年的那些艰辛。grateful“感激的”；surprised“吃惊的，惊奇的”；convinced“确信的，信服的”；regretful“后悔的，遗憾的”。 17．A.reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 解析：B　参见上题解析。reflect upon“给……带来影响，认真思考”；go through“经历，遭受”；ask about“询问，提问”；prepare for“为……做准备”。 18．A.unemployment B．health C．education D．communication 解析：C　上文提到奶奶没机会上学，故此处表示作者不用面对教育(education)问题。 19．A.attend B．refer C．lead D．talk 解析：D　她们不同的童年背景使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象。talk to“与……交谈”。 20．A.come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive 解析：D　她的故事总是让作者的历史教科书栩栩如生。come true“实现”；come round“拜访”；come out“被说出”；come alive“引起兴趣，生动起来”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $