Unit3单元课文改编题（阅读理解、阅读表达、短文还原、语法变形题） 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

2025年外研版英语新教材八年级上册课文改编题 （阅读理解、阅读表达、短文还原、语法变形题） U3 Make it happen！--The power of curiosity 一、阅读理解题 阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Albert Einstein once said, "I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. " The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. Curiosity can bring new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For example, he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod. This invention protects buildings from lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration. He was so curious about space that he invented a "flying chair"! He lost his life while testing this invention. Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. People learnt from his example, and created safer ways to explore space. But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people towards certain goals. Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and inventor, was curious about the world: how did everything in the world move? He spent years studying the sky and the earth. Finally, he drew China's first star map, and invented the first earthquake detector. His curiosity continues to influence scientists today. As Jacques Cousteau said, " What is a scientist after all? It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what is going on. " Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 1. What does Albert Einstein think of his talents? A. He has many special talents. B. He is only very curious. C. He is good at inventing things. D. He has no talents at all. 2. What did Benjamin Franklin invent because of curiosity? A. A flying chair. B. A star map. C. A lightning rod. D. An earthquake detector. 3. Why is Wan Hu mentioned in the passage? A. To show curiosity can make people brave. B. To show he was the first person to go to space. C. To show his invention was very successful. D. To show curiosity is useless sometimes. 4. What did Zhang Heng do to satisfy his curiosity about the world? A. He flew a kite during a storm. B. He invented a "flying chair" to explore space. C. He spent years studying the sky and the earth. D. He protected buildings from lightning. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Famous people are all curious. B. Curiosity helps people discover and create. C. Inventions are very important for our life. D. It’s dangerous to take risks for curiosity. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段爱因斯坦的话“I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.”可知，他认为自己没有特殊天赋，只是充满好奇心；A（有很多天赋）、C（擅长发明）、D（完全没有天赋）均与原文不符，故选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod.”可知，富兰克林因好奇心发明了避雷针；A（飞椅，是万户的发明）、B（星图，是张衡的成果）、D（地动仪，是张衡的发明）均错误，故选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段首句“Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu...”可知，提及万户是为了举例说明“好奇心能让人变得勇敢”；B（首个进入太空的人，与原文“lost his life while testing”相悖）、C（发明很成功，原文明确说“failure”）、D（好奇心有时无用，与文段主旨相悖）均错误，故选A。 4. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Zhang Heng... was curious about the world... He spent years studying the sky and the earth.”可知，张衡为了满足对世界的好奇心，花了多年时间研究天地；A（暴风雨中放风筝，是富兰克林的做法）、B（发明飞椅，是万户的做法）、D（保护建筑免受雷击，是避雷针的作用）均错误，故选C。 5. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段点明“没有好奇心就没有伟大发明”，后三段分别从“带来新发现”“让人勇敢”“推动人实现目标”三个方面论述好奇心的作用，最后总结“好奇心是探索新世界的钥匙”，核心是“好奇心帮助人们探索和创造”；A（名人都好奇，过于绝对）、C（发明对生活很重要，偏离“好奇心”主题）、D（为好奇心冒险很危险，与文段肯定好奇心的态度相悖）均错误，故选B。 二、阅读表达题 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Albert Einstein once said, "I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. " The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. Curiosity can bring new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For example, he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod. This invention protects buildings from lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration. He was so curious about space that he invented a "flying chair"! He lost his life while testing this invention. Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. People learnt from his example, and created safer ways to explore space. But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people towards certain goals. Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and inventor, was curious about the world: how did everything in the world move? He spent years studying the sky and the earth. Finally, he drew China's first star map, and invented the first earthquake detector. His curiosity continues to influence scientists today. As Jacques Cousteau said, " What is a scientist after all? It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what is going on. " Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 1. What would be impossible without curiosity according to the passage? 2. What was Benjamin Franklin curious about? 3. What happened to Wan Hu when he tested his "flying chair"? 4. What did Zhang Heng invent to satisfy his curiosity? 5. What does Jacques Cousteau think a scientist is? 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. 解析：细节题。根据第一段“The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity.”可知，没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明就不可能存在。直接引用原文主旨句，精准回答问题。 2. 答案：He was curious about electricity and its nature. 解析：细节题。根据第二段“He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature.”可知，富兰克林对电及其本质充满好奇心。提取核心名词“electricity”和“its nature”，确保答案完整。 3. 答案：He lost his life. 解析：细节题。根据第三段“He lost his life while testing this invention.”可知，万户在测试“飞椅”时失去了生命。无需额外修饰，直接提取关键信息即可。 4. 答案：He invented the first earthquake detector (and drew China's first star map). 解析：细节题。根据第四段“Finally, he drew China's first star map, and invented the first earthquake detector.”可知，张衡为了满足好奇心，绘制了中国第一张星图，还发明了第一台地动仪。题目问“发明”，需优先答“the first earthquake detector”，补充“drew China's first star map”可让答案更全面。 5. 答案：He thinks a scientist is a curious man looking through the keyhole of nature, trying to know what is going on. 解析：细节题。根据最后一段雅克·库斯托的话“It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what is going on.”可知，他认为科学家是“一个充满好奇心的人，透过自然的钥匙孔窥探，试图弄清正在发生的事情”。完整引用原文观点，符合八年级对观点题的答题要求。 三、短文还原题 阅读短文，从短文后所给的A-G七个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整（有两项多余）。 Albert Einstein once said, "I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. " 1. ______ Curiosity can bring new discoveries. 2. ______ He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For example, he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod. This invention protects buildings from lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave. 3. ______ He was so curious about space that he invented a "flying chair"! He lost his life while testing this invention. Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. People learnt from his example, and created safer ways to explore space. But curiosity is more than just taking risks. 4. ______ Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and inventor, was curious about the world: how did everything in the world move? He spent years studying the sky and the earth. Finally, he drew China's first star map, and invented the first earthquake detector. His curiosity continues to influence scientists today. As Jacques Cousteau said, " What is a scientist after all? 5. ______ " Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. A. It also drives people towards certain goals. B. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. C. It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what is going on. D. The greatest inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. E. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration. F. Curiosity makes people very rich and famous. G. He invented many useful things to help people. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：D 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句引用爱因斯坦的话，强调“好奇心”，空后段开始论述好奇心的作用，此处需承接名言，点明好奇心的重要性。D项“没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明就不可能存在”，呼应前文“curious”，引出后文“curiosity can bring new discoveries”（好奇心带来发明），逻辑连贯；其他选项均未点明好奇心的核心价值，故选D。 2. 答案：B 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“好奇心能带来新发现”，空后句开始介绍“他被电吸引……”，此处需引出举例对象。B项“本杰明·富兰克林就是一个很好的例子”，“Benjamin Franklin”对应空后“he”，承接前文观点，引出具体事例，符合语境；G项“他发明了很多有用的东西帮助人们”过于笼统，未衔接“新发现”，故选B。 3. 答案：E 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“好奇心也能让人变得勇敢”，空后句介绍“他对太空充满好奇，发明了飞椅”，此处需引出第二个例子。E项“看看明代太空探索先驱——万户吧”，“Wan Hu”对应空后“he”，举例说明“好奇心让人勇敢”，衔接紧密；F项“好奇心让人变得富有出名”与文段主旨（好奇心带来探索/创造）相悖，故选E。 4. 答案：A 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“但好奇心不只是冒险”，空后句介绍张衡因好奇心“研究天地，实现目标”，此处需体现好奇心的另一个作用。A项“它还能推动人们朝着特定目标前进”，“also”表递进，承接前文“不只是冒险”，引出张衡的例子（为目标研究），逻辑清晰；其他选项均未体现“推动目标”，故选A。 5. 答案：C 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句引用雅克·库斯托的话“科学家究竟是什么？”，此处需回答该问题。C项“它是一个充满好奇心的人，透过自然的钥匙孔窥探，试图弄清正在发生的事情”，直接回应前文问题，完整引用原文观点，收尾自然；其他选项均未回答“科学家是什么”，故选C。 四、动词不定式/动名词作宾语填空题 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Albert Einstein said he liked ______ (be) curious about the world around him. 2. Benjamin Franklin decided ______ (do) lots of research to understand electricity. 3. Wan Hu risked ______ (test) his "flying chair" to explore space. 4. Zhang Heng spent years ______ (study) the sky and the earth to satisfy his curiosity. 5. We should try ______ (keep) our curiosity alive in daily life. 6. Curiosity helps people ______ (discover) new things and make new inventions. 7. Did you finish ______ (read) the passage about curiosity and inventions? 8. The little boy hopes ______ (be) a scientist like Zhang Heng when he grows up. 9. People enjoy ______ (learn) about the stories of great inventors. 10. You should avoid ______ (lose) your curiosity because it’s the key to discovery. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：being 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。like（喜欢）后可接动名词（doing，表习惯性喜欢），固定搭配“like doing sth. ”（喜欢做某事）；be curious about 是固定短语（对……好奇），be的动名词形式为being。句意：爱因斯坦说他喜欢对周围的世界充满好奇心。 2. 答案：to do 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。decide（决定）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“decide to do sth. ”（决定做某事）。句意：本杰明·富兰克林决定做大量研究来了解电的本质。 3. 答案：testing 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。risk（冒险）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“risk doing sth. ”（冒险做某事）。句意：万户冒险测试他的“飞椅”，以此探索太空。 4. 答案：studying 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。spend（花费时间/金钱）后接动名词，固定搭配“spend time doing sth. ”（花时间做某事）。句意：张衡花了多年时间研究天地，以满足他的好奇心。 5. 答案：to keep 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。try（努力、尝试）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“try to do sth. ”（努力做某事）。句意：我们应该努力在日常生活中保持好奇心。 6. 答案：(to) discover 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语（省略to）。help（帮助）后接不定式时，可省略to，固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth. ”（帮助某人做某事）。句意：好奇心帮助人们发现新事物，创造新发明。 7. 答案：reading 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。finish（完成）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“finish doing sth. ”（完成做某事）。句意：你读完那篇关于好奇心与发明的短文了吗？ 8. 答案：to be 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。hope（希望）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“hope to do sth. ”（希望做某事）；be a scientist 表示“成为一名科学家”。句意：这个小男孩希望长大后成为像张衡一样的科学家。 9. 答案：learning 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。enjoy（喜欢）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“enjoy doing sth. ”（喜欢做某事）。句意：人们喜欢了解伟大发明家的故事。 10. 答案：losing 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。avoid（避免）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“avoid doing sth. ”（避免做某事）；lose one’s curiosity 表示“失去好奇心”。句意：你应该避免失去好奇心，因为它是探索的关键。 补充考点总结 • 接不定式to do作宾语的常见动词（本卷涉及）：decide, try, hope • 接动名词doing作宾语的常见动词（本卷涉及）：like, risk, spend, finish, enjoy, avoid • 接不定式to do（可省略to） 作宾语的常见动词（本卷涉及）：help U3 Make it happen！--A helping hand 1、 阅读理解题 阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. It was a robotic arm. He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. "Hello," said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special condition. She was born without an arm. Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000. What's more, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. "It blew me away! I built my arm for only $ 300, " thought Easton. "I must lend a hand to people like her." After the fair, Easton's room became a lab. He stayed there all day. He always tried to improve his work. For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3-D printer. And with it, he invented an artificial arm. It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn't good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy for a child. Easton kept working on it. He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. And finally he hit on success at age 23. His design only weighed 0.5 kilograms and cost around $ 500! Easton's invention has helped many children. He didn't want to make money from it. He decided to post his design online... for free! People can download the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers! What a helping hand! 1. What did Easton's first robotic arm look like? A. It was made of metal and wire. B. It was made of plastic blocks and fishing line. C. It was a simple hook. D. It was light and easy to use. 2. Why did Jenny's artificial arm surprise Easton? A. Because it was very beautiful. B. Because it could move with brain signals. C. Because it was expensive but simple. D. Because it was cheap and useful. 3. What did Easton decide to do after meeting Jenny? A. To sell his robotic arm for $300. B. To help people like Jenny with artificial arms. C. To buy a 3-D printer for himself. D. To stop making robotic arms. 4. What problem did Easton's first 3-D printed artificial arm have? A. It was too heavy for children. B. It was too expensive. C. It couldn't move with brain signals. D. It was made of bad materials. 5. What do we know about Easton's final design? A. He made a lot of money from it. B. It was heavy but cheap. C. People can download the design for free. D. It was not helpful for children. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line.”可知，伊森的第一个机械臂是用塑料积木和鱼线做的；A（金属和电线）、C（简单的钩子，是珍妮的假臂）、D（轻便好用，与初期产品特点不符）均错误，故选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.”可知，珍妮的假臂只是简单的钩子，却要8万美元（昂贵且简陋），这让伊森很震惊；A（很漂亮）、B（能通过脑信号移动，是伊森后来的发明）、D（便宜好用，与原文“cost $80,000”相悖）均错误，故选C。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段伊森的想法“I must lend a hand to people like her.”可知，他决定帮助像珍妮一样需要假臂的人；A（以300美元卖掉自己的机械臂）、C（给自己买3D打印机，是16岁生日礼物，非决定）、D（停止做机械臂，与后文他持续改进相悖）均错误，故选B。 4. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy for a child.”可知，伊森第一个3D打印假臂的问题是太重，不适合孩子使用；B（太贵，是珍妮假臂的问题）、C（不能通过脑信号移动，与原文“able to move with brain signals”相悖）、D（材料差，未提及）均错误，故选A。 5. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“He decided to post his design online... for free! People can download the design”可知，人们可以免费下载伊森的设计；A（赚了很多钱，与原文“didn't want to make money”相悖）、B（很重但便宜，最终设计仅0.5公斤，很轻便）、D（对孩子没帮助，与原文“has helped many children”相悖）均错误，故选C。 二、阅读表达题 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. It was a robotic arm. He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. "Hello," said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special condition. She was born without an arm. Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000. What's more, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. "It blew me away! I built my arm for only $ 300, " thought Easton. "I must lend a hand to people like her." After the fair, Easton's room became a lab. He stayed there all day. He always tried to improve his work. For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3-D printer. And with it, he invented an artificial arm. It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn't good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy for a child. Easton kept working on it. He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. And finally he hit on success at age 23. His design only weighed 0.5 kilograms and cost around $ 500! Easton's invention has helped many children. He didn't want to make money from it. He decided to post his design online... for free! People can download the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers! What a helping hand! 1. How old was Easton when he built his first robotic arm? 2. What was wrong with Jenny? 3. How much did Easton's first robotic arm cost? 4. What did Easton get for his 16th birthday? 5. Why did Easton post his design online for free? 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：He was 14 years old. 解析：细节题。根据第一段“Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student... It was a robotic arm. He built it...”可知，伊森14岁时做出了第一个机械臂。直接提取年龄信息，简洁准确。 2. 答案：She was born without an arm. 解析：细节题。根据第三段“She was born without an arm.”可知，珍妮天生没有手臂。无需额外发挥，直接引用原文即可。 3. 答案：It cost only $300. 解析：细节题。根据第四段“I built my arm for only $300”可知，伊森的第一个机械臂仅花了300美元。注意“cost”的用法（此处为过去式，与原文时态一致）。 4. 答案：He got a 3-D printer. 解析：细节题。根据第五段“For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3-D printer.”可知，伊森16岁生日礼物是一台3D打印机。直接提取物品名称即可。 5. 答案：Because he wanted to help more people who need artificial arms and didn't want to make money from it. 解析：细节题。根据最后一段“He didn't want to make money from it.”及前文他想帮助珍妮这类人可知，他免费发布设计是为了帮助更多需要假臂的人，且不想从中赚钱。需整合“不想赚钱”和“帮助他人”两个核心原因，符合八年级答题要求。 三、短文还原题 阅读短文，从短文后所给的A-G七个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整（有两项多余）。 Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. 1. ______ He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. "Hello," said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special condition. 2. ______ Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000. What's more, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. "It blew me away! I built my arm for only $ 300, " thought Easton. 3. ______ After the fair, Easton's room became a lab. He stayed there all day. 4. ______ For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3-D printer. And with it, he invented an artificial arm. It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn't good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy for a child. Easton kept working on it. He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. 5. ______ His design only weighed 0.5 kilograms and cost around $ 500! Easton's invention has helped many children. He didn't want to make money from it. He decided to post his design online... for free! People can download the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers! What a helping hand! A. It was a robotic arm. B. She was born without an arm. C. And finally he hit on success at age 23. D. I must lend a hand to people like her. E. He always tried to improve his work. F. He sold his robotic arm to Jenny for $300. G. The artificial arm was very light and cheap. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：A 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“伊森站在自己的作品旁”，空后句“他用塑料积木和鱼线做的它”，此处需说明“作品是什么”。A项“那是一个机械臂”，“it”指代前文“his work”，衔接空后“built it”，逻辑连贯；其他选项均未点明作品名称，故选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“珍妮有特殊情况”，空后句“她的假臂只是简单的钩子”，此处需说明珍妮的特殊情况。B项“她天生没有手臂”，解释了她需要假臂的原因，衔接空后“artificial arm”，符合语境；G项“假臂很轻很便宜”与后文珍妮假臂“cost $80,000”相悖，故选B。 3. 答案：D 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“伊森觉得很震惊（珍妮假臂昂贵简陋，自己的仅300美元）”，此处需体现他的想法。D项“我必须帮助像她一样的人”，承接前文的震惊，引出后文他改进假臂的行动，衔接自然；F项“他以300美元把机械臂卖给珍妮”与原文“帮助他人”相悖，故选D。 4. 答案：E 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“他整天待在房间（实验室）里”，空后句“16岁得到3D打印机后发明了假臂”，此处需体现他在实验室的做法。E项“他总是努力改进自己的作品”，说明他待在实验室的目的，衔接空后“invented an artificial arm”（改进后的成果），紧密连贯；其他选项均未体现他的行动，故选E。 5. 答案：C 解析：上下文衔接题。空前句“他不断努力，一个个解决问题”，空后句“最终设计仅0.5公斤，约500美元”，此处需体现“努力后的结果”。C项“最终他在23岁时获得了成功”，“finally”表结果，衔接空前“kept working on it”，对应空后成功的设计，收尾自然；其他选项均无结果总结，故选C。 四、动词不定式/动名词作宾语填空题 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Easton decided ______ (improve) his robotic arm to help children like Jenny. 2. He enjoyed ______ (fix) problems with his artificial arm designs. 3. Jenny wanted ______ (have) a light and cheap artificial arm. 4. Easton kept ______ (work) on his invention for many years. 5. We should learn ______ (help) people in need like Easton. 6. The boy practices ______ (build) small robots in his free time. 7. Did Easton plan ______ (sell) his artificial arm design for money? 8. She likes ______ (use) the 3-D printed artificial arm because it’s light. 9. Easton hoped ______ (make) artificial arms affordable for poor families. 10. My brother avoids ______ (waste) materials when he makes model planes. 参考答案及详细解析 1. 答案：to improve 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。decide（决定）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“decide to do sth. ”（决定做某事）。句意：伊森决定改进他的机械臂，以帮助像珍妮一样的孩子。 2. 答案：fixing 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。enjoy（喜欢、享受）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“enjoy doing sth. ”（喜欢做某事）。句意：他喜欢解决假臂设计中的问题。 3. 答案：to have 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。want（想要）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“want to do sth. ”（想要做某事）。句意：珍妮想要一个轻便又便宜的假臂。 4. 答案：working 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。keep（持续、坚持）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“keep doing sth. ”（持续做某事）。句意：伊森坚持研究他的发明很多年。 5. 答案：to help 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。learn（学习）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“learn to do sth. ”（学习做某事）。句意：我们应该像伊森一样，学习帮助有需要的人。 6. 答案：building 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。practice（练习）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“practice doing sth. ”（练习做某事）。句意：这个男孩空闲时练习制作小型机器人。 7. 答案：to sell 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。plan（计划）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“plan to do sth. ”（计划做某事）。句意：伊森计划把他的假臂设计卖掉赚钱吗？ 8. 答案：using 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。like（喜欢）既可接不定式（to do，表“偶尔喜欢”）也可接动名词（doing，表“习惯性喜欢”）；结合语境“她喜欢用3D打印假臂（习惯性）”，用动名词更贴合。固定搭配“like doing sth. ”（喜欢做某事）。句意：她喜欢用这只3D打印假臂，因为它很轻。 9. 答案：to make 解析：考点：动词不定式to do作宾语。hope（希望）是接不定式的动词，固定搭配“hope to do sth. ”（希望做某事）。句意：伊森希望让贫困家庭也能买得起假臂。 10. 答案：wasting 解析：考点：动名词doing作宾语。avoid（避免）是接动名词的动词，固定搭配“avoid doing sth. ”（避免做某事）。句意：我哥哥制作飞机模型时，会避免浪费材料。 补充考点总结 • 接不定式to do作宾语的常见动词（本卷涉及）：decide, want, learn, plan, hope • 接动名词doing作宾语的常见动词（本卷涉及）：enjoy, keep, practice, like, avoid 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $