Unit 3 Period 2 Grammar and usage-关系代词引导限制性定语从句-课后巩固 多维提能

该高中英语课件聚焦定语从句，通过高考真题（如2023全国乙卷、2022浙江卷）导入，以单句语法填空、句子升级、语篇填空等维度构建递进学习支架，衔接基础语法知识与语篇应用能力。 其亮点在于融合真题与原创题，多维训练提升语言能力，如句子升级训练将简单句转化为定语从句复合句，语法与写作结合实现知识向表达转化。阅读理解融入友谊、数字生活主题，培养思维品质。学生能系统掌握语法并应用于语篇，教师可借此开展分层教学，提高教学效率。

课后巩固 多维提能 1 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 单句语法填空 1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. that/which 2.（2022·浙江卷1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics _________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. that/who 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 3.（2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. that 4.（2024·浙江卷1月）Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way __________ will make them the most money. that/which 5.（2023·全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman _______ hair color looked just perfect. whose 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 3 6.I'd really like to find a friend ______________ I can trust completely. 7.This is the very hotel _____ I stayed at when I was travelling here. whom/who/that that 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 8.Which is the bag _____ belongs to me? that 9.This is the most beautiful park _____ I have visited. that 10.We often talk about the persons and things _____ we remember. that 11.I'm not interested in the story __________ is about the trip to the moon. that/which 12.I visited the couple last week _______ daughter is studying abroad. whose 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 5 13.Those _____ make most people happy are the happiest in the world. 14.All the things _____ he saw in the earthquake came as a shock to me. 15.The person ______________ the girl turned to for help was my neighbor. who that who/whom/that 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 16.They are talking about the school and the teachers _____ they visited yesterday. that 17.One Hundred Years of Solitude is the most wonderful book _____ I have read so far. that 18.The dictionary __________ I bought last week is very useful. that/which 19.We chose not to live in the house _______ window was damaged by the hurricane. whose 20.The research finds that people _________ keep fit are more likely to be positive about life. who/that 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 7 维度二 将下列句子升级为含限制性定语从句的复合句 1.The girl is making a speech under the national flag. The girl is our monitor. →_____________________________________________________________________ The girl who/that is making a speech under the national flag is our monitor. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 8 2.They visited the teacher. The teacher's leg was injured in a car accident. →__________________________________________________________ 3.The police are looking for the little girl. The little girl got lost yesterday. →___________________________________________________________________ They visited the teacher whose leg was injured in a car accident. The police are looking for the little girl who/that got lost yesterday. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 4.The washing machine is out of order. Mrs Green bought the washing machine a month ago. →_____________________________________________________________________________ The washing machine （that/which） Mrs Green bought a month ago is out of order. 5.We are going to interview the writer. His new novel has been well received by the public. →___________________________________________________________________________________ We are going to interview the writer whose new novel has been well received by the public. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 10 维度三 语法与写作 1.我认识那个人，他的公司生产电脑。 I know the man _________________________________. whose company produces computers 2.他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 The first place ________________________ was Elephant Trunk Hill. that they visited in Guilin 3.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。 China is a country ___________________________. that/which has a long history 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 11 4.他们来安慰那些陷入困境的人。 They came to comfort those ___________________. who were in trouble 5.罗斯是你应该照顾的人。 Rose is the person __________________________________. who/whom/that you should look after 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 12 维度四 语篇填空 My father works in a hospital 1.__________ is very famous in our city. My mother teaches maths in the school 2.__________ I study in. She likes watching TV plays 3._______ leading actors are very famous. I am a boy 4._________ likes playing basketball. I have several good friends 5.______________ I often play basketball with. that/which that/which whose who/that who/whom/that 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 13 One day, I went out to the city stadium to play basketball with several of my friends 6._______ homes are not far from mine. However, a terrible matter occurred when we were playing happily, which made one of my legs hurt. Fortunately, the stadium where we were playing is not far from a clinic, so I was treated by a doctor 7._________ is skilled. Later, I was sent home by my friends 8._______ help made me thank a lot. From this case, I know that the more attention I pay, the less pain I will get, which is really a life lesson. whose who/that whose 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A （2025·大连期中）It's always exciting to receive a letter in the mail. Even today, when we tend to rely on social media, receiving an actual letter in your mailbox from a distant land is a great way for children to make new friends. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 The Peaceful Pen Pals Project is part of the nonprofit organization Kids for Peace, founded by Jill McManigal and Danielle Gram in California in 2006. It is open to all children between the ages of two and seventeen. To date, there are 1,500 children from 17 countries participating in the project according to the organization. Currently, all letters are written in English. When children sign up, they can select if they prefer to be matched with a USA Peaceful Pen Pal or an international one. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Each child is then matched to a pen pal of similar age. This establishes a point of connection quickly for the children and facilitates（促进） a stronger bond. If the letter writers are in the same grade, they can chat about schools, their teachers, and what they are studying. They can also compare what different states or countries learn about and how the atmospheres of the classroom are, whether socially or academically. Children may also be more likely to write about problems they are having if they feel like they are 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 speaking to a peer in a similar situation. Although pen pals may live in different countries, they may find common ground. The writer lists his or her favorite activities to do outside, plus what he or she like best and least about school. This gives the writer an opportunity to express himself or herself and receive comfort, advice or feedback （反馈） from the pen pal. “Hearing first-hand stories from an international pen pal can encourage teens to take someone else's viewpoint and to think 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 outside of themselves,” writes Rebecca Fraser-Thill on Very Well Family. “Having a foreign pen pal can also encourage teens' interest in geography, history and culture.” 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了和平笔友项目,这个项目把相似年龄的孩子们联结在一起。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1.What can we know about the Peaceful Pen Pals Project?( ) A.It helps strengthen links between kids. B.It is aimed at improving children's English. C.It encourages children to help people in need. D.It is created for teenagers to take online lessons. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Each child is then matched ... facilitates a stronger bond.”可知，和平笔友项目有助于加强孩子们之间的联系。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 20 2.What is paragraph 3 mainly talking about?( ) A.The necessity of discussion in study. B.The approaches to making new friends. C.The purpose of the Peaceful Pen Pals Project. D.The benefits of having friends of similar ages. 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“If the letter writers are in the same grade...in a similar situation.”可知,本段主要介绍了拥有同龄朋友的好处。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 21 3.What is Rebecca Fraser-Thill's attitude towards the project?( ) A.Careful. B.Supportive. C.Uninterested. D.Disappointed. 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知,丽贝卡·弗雷泽-希尔对于这个项目是支持的。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 22 4.What is the best title of this passage?( ) A.Writing Enriches Kids' Life B.Friendship Teaches Kids a Lesson C.The Peaceful Pen Pals Project Connects Kids D.Communication Skills Benefit the World 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文围绕和平笔友项目展开,这个项目把相似年龄的孩子们联系在一起。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 23 B （2025·宁波高一检测）“I'll be there in a few minutes. I'm playing a game with a friend, a guy named Scuzzball,” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room.“Oh, what is Scuzzball's real name?” I asked.“I have no idea,” he said.“Where is he from?” I continued. He responded, “I think somewhere in Canada. Oh, wait, it doesn't even matter because Scuzzball just left and he has been replaced with a robot.” 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 “Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence?” “It doesn't matter, Dad. It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn't mind playing with a person or a robot, which is typical of games these days. I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children. Aristotle, a great thinker and educator, has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile. Deep friendship, by contrast, is when 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 you care for your friend for his sake, not for any benefit you can get. This is selfless friendship. You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort. You must make sacrifices for each other. Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”.Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”, as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick. Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 sacrifices. But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship. When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they'd just order soup online themselves. Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in an example case of friendship, like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc. In this way, digital life produces false friendships. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并得出结论——数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 28 5.How does the author lead in the topic of the passage?( ) A.By quoting famous mottoes. B.By introducing an online game. C.By showing robots' irreplaceable role. D.By presenting a parent-child conversation. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者通过呈现一段亲子对话来引出文章的主题。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 29 6.What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3?( ) A.Impact of selfish friendship. B.The meaning of deep friendship. C.Selfless sacrifices in friendship. D.The formation of shallow friendship. 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Deep friendship, by contrast...sacrifices for each other.”可知,作者在第三段主要解释了深厚友谊的意义。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 30 7.What can we infer from paragraph 4?( ) A.Robots will have our back in trouble. B.Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices. C.The students thought highly of the teacher's question. D.Ordering food online for friends is an example of “being with”. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Only strong bonds have the power ... just order soup online themselves.”可推知,虚拟朋友不会做出真正的牺牲。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 31 8.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage?( ) A.Digitalized Friendship B.The Benefits of Digital Life C.Face-to-face Communication D.The Sacrifices of Online Friends 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并得出结论——数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。 因此，A项适合作文章标题。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 32 C （2025·南平高级中学期中）“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless,” said Lisa, a confused teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What's wrong with me?” Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their ages or characters are—even the most outgoing, popular and wealthiest—experience loneliness at least 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 33 sometimes. It's healthy and natural to want to be with people who care about us. After all, we've all heard “No man is an island.”Actually, we all need others in our lives. Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explained that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection （拒绝）, many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We adopt a safer way and prefer to wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we've got to get beyond this. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures （措施）. Be willing to take the initiative （主动权）. If you see someone whom you would like to know, don't wait for her/him to make the first move. Get close to her/him and begin a conversation. Let her/him know in a non-aggressive （无攻击性的） way that you are interested in being friends with her/him. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone sitting alone at school, go over and talk to her/him. And don't let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You'll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance. Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she/he likes to do or asking about her/his family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied to with “yes” or “no”. For example, don't ask “Do you have a dog?” Instead, say, 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking yes-or-no questions obviously makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。人人都会感到孤单,想要交到朋友,你就要主动友好地伸出交友之手。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 9.Why does the author begin the passage with Lisa's worry?( ) A.To set up a sad background. B.To introduce the topic. C.To share Lisa's pain. D.To teach readers a lesson. 解析：推理判断题。根据前两段内容可推知，作者以丽萨的担忧开篇,主要是为了引出话题。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 38 10.What can be the risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?( ) A.Being refused by others. B.Putting ourselves in danger. C.Being treated in a rude way. D.Losing interest in communication. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it has risk...unwilling to reach out to others.”可知，风险是被他人拒绝。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 39 11.What can we know from paragraph 5?( ) A.Popular people are often easy-going. B.Just waiting for chances will help you make friends. C.A proper manner is important in making friends. D.Shy people are hard to talk to. 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Let her/him know in a non-aggressive way... being friends with her/him.”可推知,在交友时,恰当的方式是重要的。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 40 12.Why does the author suggest not asking yes-or-no questions?( ) A.It is considered unfriendly. B.It will make a bad first impression. C.It shows the poor quality of the speaker. D.It isn't good for keeping a conversation going. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Avoiding asking yes-or-no questions...not end your communication with a one-word answer.”可知,原因是问这种问题不利于让谈话继续下去。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 41 Ⅱ.七选五 （2025·广州五中期中）Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task. 1.___________________________________________ ________________ However, generally speaking, there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend. E.Everyone has his own understanding of what an ideal friend is like. 解析：空前说明要定义一个理想的朋友并不容易，空后说明有些品质是大多数人会认为一个理想的朋友应具有的特征。空处应说明人们对理想的朋友的理解是不同的。E项承上启下，符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 42 The ideal friend knows how to show weakness. The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are. 2.______________ ____________________________________________ They tend to show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows. They offer us the gift of their vulnerability （脆弱）. F.On the contrary, they let us know embarrassing things about themselves. 解析：空前说明理想的朋友不会试图证明他们有多成功,空处应说明他们会怎么做，F项符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 3._________________________ Many times, we don't quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought, to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections. They see the potential in what we're saying when we can't. A.A true friend helps us think. 解析：根据下文“a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought... find good answers to possible objections”可知,真正的朋友帮助我们思考。A项概括了本段的主旨,可作为主题句。 课后巩固 多维提能 44 The proper friend helps build our self-understanding. There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are. We find it hard to pin down our goals. 4.__________________________ ______________________ We might have some B.We get defensive and we don't really know why. 解析：根据本段主题句“The proper friend helps build our self-understanding.”可知,真正的朋友有助于建立我们的自我理解。空前说明我们有很多事情不理解,空处应继续介绍我们不理解哪些事情。B项承接上文，符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 strong opinions, but it can be difficult to explain why these ideas matter to us. The right friend listens and helps us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements. 课后巩固 多维提能 They help us to like ourselves. Normally we're intently alive to our own shortcomings; it's more obvious, from our point of view, what's disappointing us than what's attractive. We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves. 5.___________________________________________________ D.The good friend likes us in ways we're not easily able to. 解析：根据本段主题句“They help us to like ourselves.”和空前一句可知,我们可能对自己不友好，所以需要朋友，这说明真正的朋友会喜欢我们。D项承接上文,符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 A.A true friend helps us think. B.We get defensive and we don't really know why. C.Loyalty is a common quality given to ideal friends. D.The good friend likes us in ways we're not easily able to. E.Everyone has his own understanding of what an ideal friend is like. F.On the contrary, they let us know embarrassing things about themselves. 课后巩固 多维提能 48 G.They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个理想的朋友所拥有的特征。 课后巩固 多维提能 Ⅲ.语法填空 （2025·辽宁滨城高中联盟期中）Friendship is both a source of pleasure and a part of a healthy life. People who have close friends 1._________（natural） enjoy good physical health. Of equal importance 2.____（be） the emotional benefits they get. When something 3._________（amaze） happens to us, sharing the happiness of the occasion with friends doubles our joy. On the other hand, in times when our spirits are low, 4._______（talk） about our worries with friends lightens the stress. Moreover, we may even get some good suggestions 5._________（solve） our problems. naturally are amazing talking to solve 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 50 Throughout life, we depend on small groups of people for love, respect, support, 6._____ admiration. Almost everyone has a “network” of friends: co-workers, neighbors, and schoolmates. However, some people tend to shy away from close relationships. By bottling up their emotions, they keep 7.___________（they） away from a healthy outlet for their negative feelings. Actually, we ought to have more confidence in others and open our mind to those 8._____ may give us support to get through tough times. and themselves who 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 51 Sometimes, life can be boring and lonely. Thanks 9.___ friendship, we are blessed with a healthy and rewarding life and dividing walls between us 10._____________（destroy）. to are destroyed 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊对健康和情感带来的双重益处。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1._________ naturally 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词enjoy,应用副词naturally，作状语,意为“自然地”。 2.____ are 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句阐述客观事实,应用一般现在时；且本句为表语置于句首的完全倒装,句子的主语为emotional benefits,谓语动词应用复数。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 53 3._________ amazing 解析：考查形容词。空处修饰代词something,应用形容词amazing,意为“令人惊奇的”。 4._______ talking 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,“____ about our worries with friends”作主句的主语,此处表示抽象概念,应用动名词形式。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 54 5._________ to solve 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式。 6._____ and 解析：考查连词。根据句意可知,空处前后名词为并列关系,应用并列连词and。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 55 7.___________ themselves 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语,且和主语为同一人称,应用反身代词。 8._____ who 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词为those,指人,空处应用关系代词who在从句中作主语。 9.___ to 解析：考查介词。thanks to意为“多亏了、由于”,为固定搭配。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 56 10._____________ are destroyed 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。本句阐述客观事实,应用一般现在时；主语dividing walls与动词destroy之间是被动关系,空处应用被动语态;主语为复数形式,谓语也应用复数形式。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 57 $