Unit 3 Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills(同步精炼) （PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（译林版）

Unit 3　Getting along with others 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 基础过关练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.This approach helps reduce carbon emissions and enables a more　　　　　 (效率高的) use of clean energy. 2.[2026北京一零一中期中]When he won first prize of the competition, all the 　　　　　 (额外的) hours that he spent practicing alone paid off at last. 3.[2023全国甲]The　　　　   (主题) of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. 4.[2024全国甲]Learn about the materials and 　　　　　  (质量) of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. efficient extra    themes  qualities   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.[2026安徽鼎尖名校大联考]Having respect ________ the feelings of others is essential for us to grow into strong individuals. 解析　考查介词。have respect for...意为“尊重/尊敬……”。故填for。句意:尊重他人的感受对我们 成长为强大的个体至关重要。 2.[2026北京市第五十五中学月考]We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and ____ ____________(opinion) in our interactions with other people. 解析　考查名词复数。opinion在此处是可数名词,根据空前的thoughts and可知,设空处也用复数形 式。故填opinions。句意:在与他人的互动中,我们既用言语也用肢体语言来表达我们的想法和观点。 　for     opinions          第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.Virtues(美德), such as patience, courage, and _______________(generous), help us become better people. 解析　考查名词。设空处与patience和courage并列,作such as的宾语,应用名词。故填generosity。句意: 美德,比如耐心、勇气和慷慨,帮助我们成为更好的人。 4.[2026江苏省天一中学期中]This traditional way of shopping started to change with the ______________ (explode) of the Internet in the early 2000s. 解析　考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知,设空处应用名词,表示“爆发”。故填explosion。句 意:随着21世纪初互联网的爆发,这种传统的购物方式开始发生变化。 　generosity     　explosion     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5.[2026湖南长沙期末]Recently, the government has taken measures _______________(protect) these traditional tea villages and promote tea culture worldwide. 解析　考查动词不定式。take measures to do sth.意为“采取措施做某事”。故填to protect。句意:最 近,政府已经采取措施保护这些传统的茶村,并在世界范围内推广茶文化。 　to protect     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅲ.单元语法专练 1.He is no longer the man _________ he was. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作表语,先行词为the man(指人),此时宜用that。故 填that。句意:他不再是过去的那个他了。 2.He was interested in all _________ he saw at the exhibition. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作宾语,先行词为不定代词all(指物),此时宜用 that。故填that。句意:他对在展览会上看到的一切都感兴趣。 类比启发　　当先行词是all(指物)、anything、everything、nothing、something等不定代词或被all、 every、no、the very、the only等修饰时,关系代词宜用that。 　that     　that     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.[2026广东四校联考]Yesterday I passed by a building __________ windows were all painted green. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语,修饰windows,先行词为building。故填 whose。句意:昨天我经过一栋窗户都漆成绿色的建筑物。 　whose     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.The Pursuit of Happyness is the best film _________ I have seen recently. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作宾语,先行词为film(指物),film前有the best修饰。故 填that。句意:《当幸福来敲门》是我最近看过的最好的电影。 类比启发　　当先行词指物,且被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词宜用that。 5.Lisa is an outstanding graduate __________ life story has greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语,修饰life story,先行词为graduate。故填 whose。句意:莉萨是一名优秀的毕业生,她的人生故事极大地鼓舞了她的同学们。 　that     　whose     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.[2025全国二改编]There are even more unexpected ways _________ volunteering will positively affect the whole family. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作状语,先行词为ways。故填that。句意:志愿服务还会 以更多意想不到的方式给整个家庭带来积极的影响。 7.[2023新课标Ⅰ]So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at __________ I was sure to fail? 解析　“at 　　　　　　”引导限制性定语从句,设空处在定语从句中作介词at的宾语,先行词为some- thing(指物)。故填which。句意:那么,为什么他突然强迫我做我肯定会失败的事情呢? 　that     　which     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8.[2026浙江1月]The reviews were written by real people who _________(be) given information about the hotel. 解析　who引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为real people,从句的谓语动词需与先行词 real people保持人称和数的一致,应用复数,根据语境可知从句也应用一般过去时,故填were。句意:这些 评论由获得酒店相关信息的真实人员撰写。 　were     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 9.[2025全国一]The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with char- acters _____________broadened my view and touched my heart. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为characters(指人),故填that或who。句 意:学生们选取了多样的主题,交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页,其中的人物拓宽了我的视野,触动了我 的心灵。 　that/who     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 10.[2026江西上饶期中]According to some recent studies, dogs can lower the risk of heart disease, and for those ________ have suffered from heart disease, owning a dog usually reduces the risk of another heart at- tack. 解析　设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为those,指人。故填who。句意:根据最 近的一些研究,狗可以降低患心脏病的风险,对于那些患有心脏病的人来说,养狗通常会降低心脏病再 一次发作的风险。 　who     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅳ.完成句子 1.只要有强大的意志,我们就能够克服任何困难。 As long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to _______ _______ ________ _____________. 2.困境往往能使一个人最好的品质显现出来。 A difficult situation can often ________ _______ _______ _______ ___________ of a person.(读后续写 —主旨升华) 3.汤姆和莉萨多年来一直是最好的朋友,他们团结一致,同甘共苦。 Tom and Lisa have been best friends for years, and they've stuck together __________ ________ _______ ________. 4.I really don't know whether I will accept her invitation or not.(句型转换) → I really don't know __________ _______ _________ her invitation or not. 　accept     　to     　whether     　thin     　and     　thick     　through     　qualities     　best     　the     　out     　bring     　difficulty     　any      　over      　get      第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 能力提升练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.阅读理解   [2026江苏常州市第一中学期中] 　　If a stranger knocked on your door asking for your phone, would you help? How about lending them five dollars for the bus, if they said they'd return and pay you back? 　　Nowadays, many people find it hard to trust strangers. A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers might be more than just a social or psychological characteristic (特征)—it could be rooted in our DNA. This is important, as it turns out that trusting people might actually live longer and healthier lives compared to more skeptical (怀疑的) people. 　　Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others. One sug- 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 gests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it's influenced by a per- son's ongoing evaluation of the social environment. We can easily imagine that the answer to the question “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you'd been robbed before or whether you'd had your missing wallet returned. 　　This is where the recent research comes in. A professor of Lund University, Edgerton and his cowork- ers have been doing research about trust. In their most recent study, involving 33,882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因)—PLPP4, strongly associated with the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust within the study population. If you take two people who have similar education and life experiences, this gene alone could account for 6% of the differ- ence in how much they trust others. 　　They believe that the PLPP4 gene may somehow soften our “fight-or-flight” survival response . 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could have huge health benefits . Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. 　　As people continue to uncover the mysteries of trust, one thing is clear: Understanding its genetic roots may hold the key to developing healthier communities in the world. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。最近的一项研究发现,我们信任陌生人的能力可能不仅仅是一种社会 或心理特征,它可能根植于我们的DNA。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.What might affect people's trust levels according to the two main theories? A.Childhood habits.　　　     B.Personal abilities. C.Social experiences.　　　     D.Communication skills. 1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One suggests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it's influenced by a person's ongoing evaluation of the social environment.” 可知,第一种理论表明,信任是由早年生活经历塑造的稳定特质;另一种理论认为,信任会受到个人对社 会环境持续评估的影响,二者均属于社会经历的范畴。故选C。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.What does the recent study focus on? A.The mental cause of trust. B.The connection between trust and a gene. C.The characteristics of different genes. D.The ways to develop the survival ability. 2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In their most recent study...they found a single gene—PLPP4, strongly associated with the personality of trusting others”可知,最近的研究发现PLPP4这一基因与 信任他人的性格密切相关。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.What does the passage say about trusting others? A.It could bring health benefits. B.It reduces the strong stress in work. C.It helps to develop the world faster. D.It causes quicker survival response. 3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.”可知,如果信任他人能起到缓解压力的作用, 它可能会降低患心血管疾病的风险。由此可知,信任他人可能对健康有益。故选A。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.What might be the best title for the passage? A.Experiences Make You Grow Dependable B.A Link between Biology and Social Science C.Theories That Explain Why You Are Trusted D.A Gene Influences How Trusting You Are 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.D　主旨大意题。文章的结构如下: 段落 大意 Para. 1 引出话题——信任 Para. 2 信任陌生人的能力可能不仅仅是一种社会或心理特征,它可能根植于我们的DNA Para. 3 两种主要理论认为信任受社会经历的影响 Para. 4 最近的研究发现PLPP4基因与信任他人的性格密切相关 Para. 5 信任他人可能对健康有益 Para. 6 了解信任的基因根源有助于打造更健康的群体 根据文章的段落大意可知,文章主要说明了基因与信任密切相关。所以D项“基因影响你的信任程 度”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 【高频词汇】    1.be rooted in...根植于……    2.theory n.理论    3.involve v.涉及;包含    4.associated adj. 有关联的,相关的    5.stress n.压力;紧张 【熟词生义】　shape熟义:n.形状　生义:v.塑造 【差距词汇】    1.psychological adj.心理的,精神的 2.evaluation n.评估,评价    3.soften v.削弱,减轻 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 长难句 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.七选五   [2026湖南长沙雅礼教育集团期中] The Art of Being a Good Friend 　　Everyone wants to be a good friend, but sometimes we might not be sure what it truly means. Being a good friend isn't just about having fun together; it's about the everyday efforts that strengthen your bond. 　     1　　 It's built on a basis of trust, support, and respect . 　　Trust is the first essential element. A trustworthy friend always keeps his promise. If you say you're go- ing to do something, follow through. 　    2　　 You may feel safe sharing your true thoughts and feelings without fear of being laughed at or having your secrets told to others. 　　Another key part is offering support in both good and bad times. Celebrate your friends' successes as if 　C     　E     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 they were your own. 　    3　　 Simply being there, offering a kind word, or helping them with a small task can make a world of difference. 　　 　    4　　 This includes listening to them without interruption and valuing their opinions even when you disagree. At its heart, respect means that you accept your friends for who they are. No one is perfect, and disagreements are normal. 　    5　　 Talk things through honestly, and be willing to forgive each other. As a matter of fact, a true friend values the friendship more than the need to be right. 　　In the end, being a good friend is a continuous process of learning, understanding , and caring. A.This doesn't require grand gestures. B.What matters is how you handle them. C.It also creates a safe space for honesty. D.However, it's equally important to be there during tough times. 　B     　F     　D     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 E.True friendship goes beyond simply sharing hobbies or interests. F.Respect, the third pillar, is shown through your actions and attitudes. G.Finally, remember that friendship is a two-way street that requires effort from both sides. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成为一位好朋友。 【高频词汇】    1.effort n.努力    2.strengthen v.加强;巩固    3.bond n.纽带,联系    4.essential adj.必不可 少的;基本的    5.value v.重视    6.normal adj.正常的,一般的 【差距词汇】    1.element n.要素;元素    2.follow through坚持到底    3.interruption n.打断,中断 1.E　上文提到成为好朋友不仅仅是一起玩乐,还要努力加强联系,E项“真正的友谊不仅仅是分享爱 好或兴趣”承接上文,说明真正的友谊的内涵,下文中的It指代E项中的“True friendship”。故选E。 2.C　根据本段第一句可知,本段的主题是“信任”。设空处前一句举例描述了信任的具体行为,C项 “它也为诚实创造了一个安全的空间”承接上文,指出了上述行为带来的直接结果,符合语境。下文中 的safe与C项中的safe呼应。故选C。 3.D　根据本段第一句可知,本段的主题是“支持”。设空处前一句提到庆祝朋友的成功,即在朋友处 于顺境时提供支持,D项“然而,在困难时期陪伴在其身边也同样重要”与上文形成转折,描述的是在朋 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 友处于逆境时如何提供支持,符合语境。故选D。 4.F　设空处位于段首,是本段的主题句。下文提到倾听朋友的想法,重视他们的意见,尊重意味着接受 朋友真实的样子,由此可知,本段的主题是“尊重”,F项“尊重,第三个支柱,通过你的行为和态度表现 出来”符合语境。故选F。 5.B　上文提到没有人是完美的,有分歧是很正常的,下文则给出了具体方法,即坦诚沟通,愿意互相原 谅。B项“重要的是你如何处理它们”承上启下,符合语境。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅲ.完形填空   [2025江苏泗阳期中] 　　I used to be a shy girl. I often read alone in the school library, 　    1　　 to talk with others. My classmates noticed my 　    2　　, but none of them dared to approach me until one sunny afternoon. 　　It was during the school's annual culture festival. Every student was 　    3　　 to display a special tal- ent. I decided to show my painting skills, hoping to express myself without using words. As I placed my best picture on the display table, I noticed a 　    4　　 smile from a boy named James. James was outgoing. He walked up to me and praised me for my 　    5　　. I managed to thank him with a small smile, feeling a bit 　    6　　. Then James shared his love for photography, 　    7　　 how he captures life's beauty through his camera lens(镜头). I listened 　    8　　 and was attracted by his stories. Over the next few 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 weeks, we had a 　    9　　 every day. James encouraged me to join the school's photography club, where I discovered some 　    10　　 in photography. 　　One day, I reflected on my past shyness. James, sensing my thoughts, 　    11　　 reminded me that everyone had a journey and it was OK to 　    12　　 as you grew up. What he said deeply 　    13　　 me. I realized that making friends wasn't just about filling a gap but about sharing life's wonders. With James's friendship, I learned to 　    14　　 and soon I was no longer a lonely girl. I had found a true 　    1 5　　 who accepted me for who I was and encouraged me to accept my true self. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一个害羞的女孩,在朋友的鼓励和帮助下,逐渐 变得开朗,学会了与人交流和分享生活,最终找到了真正的友谊的故事。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.A.unprepared　　　　B.unable C.unwilling　　　　D.unashamed 1.C　根据上文“I used to be a shy girl.”可知,作者过去是一个害羞的女孩,所以她不愿意和别人交 谈。故选C。 2.A.loneliness　　　　B.tiredness C.carelessness　　　　D.selfishness 2.A    根据上文“I often read alone”和下文“I was no longer a lonely girl”可知,此处指作者的孤 独。故选A。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.A.driven　　　　B.warned C.urged　　　　D.required 3.D　根据下文的“I decided to show my painting skills”可知,作者决定展示自己的绘画技能,结合选 项推测这里指每个学生都被要求展示一项特殊才能。故选D。 4.A.weak　　　　B.cold C.friendly　　　　D.strange 4.C　根据下文可知,James性格外向,他走过来称赞了作者的画,所以他是对作者友好地微笑。故 选C。 5.A.video　　　　B.painting C.poster　　　　D.photograph 5.B　根据上文“I decided to show my painting skills”可知,James称赞作者的画。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.A.unsafe　　　　B.fortunate C.special　　　　D. awkward 6.D　根据上文可知,作者是一个害羞的女孩,结合选项可知她被称赞时可能会感到有点尴尬。故选D。 7.A.admitting　　　　B.declaring C.explaining　　　　D.proving 7.C　根据下文“I listened 　    8　　and was attracted by his stories.”可知,他解释他如何通过相机 镜头捕捉生活中的美。故选C。 8.A.doubtfully　　　　B.carefully C.nervously　　　　D.secretly 8.B　根据下文“was attracted by his stories”可知,作者被James的故事吸引,所以她是仔细地听。故 选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 9.A.story　　　　B.conversation C.report　　　　D.lesson 9.B　根据上文可知,James和作者聊得很投机,所以此处指他们每天都有一次交谈。故选B。 10.A.interest　　　　B.courage C.energy　　　　D.expectation 10.A　根据上文“Then James shared his love for photography”和“James encouraged me to join the school's photography club”可知,James分享了他对摄影的热爱,并鼓励作者加入学校的摄影俱乐部,所以 推知作者发现了自己对摄影的兴趣。故选A。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 11.A.suddenly　　　　B.hurriedly C.anxiously　　　　D.gently 11.D　根据上文“James, sensing my thoughts”和下文“it was OK”可知,James是在安慰和鼓励作 者,所以他应该是温和地提醒。故选D。 12.A.change　　　　B.choose C.continue　　　　D. lose 12.A　根据上文“reminded me that everyone had a journey”可知,James告诉作者每个人都有一段旅 程,所以随着成长改变是可以的。故选A。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 13.A.surprised　　　　B.amused C.disappointed　　　　D.touched 13.D　根据下文可知,作者意识到了交朋友不仅仅是为了填补空白,更是为了分享生活的奇迹,所以 James的话深深地感动了作者。故选D。 14.A.show off　　　　B.open up C.turn down　　　　D.hold on 14.B　根据上文可知,作者很害羞,不愿意与他人交流,结合下文“soon I was no longer a lonely girl” 可知,和James的友谊让她发生了改变,学会了敞开心扉。故选B。 15.A.stranger　　　　B.teacher C.friend　　　　D.expert 15.C　根据上文“With James's friendship”可知,作者找到了一个真正的朋友。故选C。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 【高频词汇】    1.approach v.接近,靠近 n.方法 2.annual adj.年度的    3.display v.& n.展示    4.talent n.天赋,才能;天才    5.attract v.吸引,使喜爱;招引 6.remind v.提醒,使想起 【差距词汇】　capture v.捕捉 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $