专题05 动词的分类、动词短语（语法知识）-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用）

2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题05 动词的分类、动词短语 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心考点解析考点精析 能力巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 1.（2023・浙江湖州）Wet and hot days ______ (be) common in this season. 答案：are 解析：考查系动词。此句为一般现在时，主语 “Wet and hot days” 为复数，be 动词用 are。 2.（2024・浙江）will you go and play ______ a moment? 答案：for 解析：考查固定搭配。“for a moment” 为固定搭配，意为 “片刻，一会儿”。 3.（2023・浙江）Most of their rooms ______ (have) fine paintings all over the walls. 答案：had 解析：考查一般过去时。叙述过去参观庞贝古城的经历，句子为一般过去时，have 的过去式为 had。 4.（2023・浙江杭州）So far some states in the USA ______ (introduce) a new way to avoid this-Traffic School. 答案：have introduced 解析：考查现在完成时。根据 “So far” 可知用现在完成时，结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语为复数，用 have。 5.（2024・浙江）At bedtime, while his mother ______ (tell) him a story. Martin couldn’t help asking. 答案：was telling 解析：考查过去进行时。while 引导的从句常用进行时，结合 “couldn’t” 可知用过去进行时，结构为 “was + 现在分词”。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 一、动词的分类 动词按功能可分为实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词四大类，具体如下： （一）实义动词（行为动词） 有实际动作或状态含义，能独立作谓语，占中考动词考查的 80% 以上。 1.按是否接宾语细分 ①及物动词（vt.）：必须接宾语，可用于被动语态。 跟单宾语：I love reading.（我爱阅读。） 跟双宾语（间接宾语 + 直接宾语）：She gave me a gift. = She gave a gift to me.（她给了我一份礼物。）（高频词：give/pass/lend/send，需加 to） 跟复合宾语（宾语 + 宾补）：名词作宾补：We call him Tom.（我们叫他汤姆。）/形容词作宾补：Keep the room clean.（保持房间干净。）/不定式作宾补：My mom asks me to study hard.（妈妈让我努力学习。） ②不及物动词（vi.）：无需接宾语，接宾语需加介词，无被动语态。 单独使用：Birds fly.（鸟会飞。） 加介词接宾语：He arrived at the station.（他到达了车站。）(高频搭配：listen to（听）/wait for（等）/succeed in（成功）) 2.按动作持续性细分 ①延续性动词：动作可延续，与 for/since 连用。 例：They have lived here for 3 years.（他们住这儿 3 年了。） ②非延续性动词：瞬间动作，不可与时间段连用，需转换为延续性表达。 例：The old man died 2 years ago. = The old man has been dead for 2 years.（老人去世两年了。） （二）连系动词 无实际动作，连接主语与表语（多为形容词），构成系表结构。 1.状态系动词：be/keep/remain 例：The door remains open.（门一直开着。） 2.感官系动词：look/sound/smell/taste/feel 例：The cake tastes delicious.（蛋糕尝起来很美味。） 3.变化系动词：become/turn/get（turn 侧重颜色变化） 例：Leaves turn yellow in autumn.（树叶在秋天变黄。） （三）助动词 无实义，辅助构成时态、语态、否定 / 疑问句。 ①be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）：构成进行时或被动语态 例：He is singing.（进行时）/ English is spoken widely.（被动语态） ②have/has/had：构成完成时 例：We have finished homework.（我们做完作业了。） ③do/does/did：构成否定 / 疑问句，表强调 例：She didn’t go to school.（否定句）/ Do come early!（强调 “务必早来”） （四）情态动词 表语气（能力、许可、必要等），无人称变化，后接动词原形。 高频词：can（能）/may（可以）/must（必须）/should（应该） 例：You must wear a seatbelt.（你必须系安全带。） 二、动词短语 由 “动词 + 介词 / 副词” 构成，相当于及物动词，中考高频考点集中在以下两类： 1.动词 + 介词：宾语必放介词后 例：Look at the blackboard.（看黑板。）→ 不可说 “Look the blackboard at” 2.动词 + 副词：宾语是代词时放中间，名词可中间可后面 例：Put it away.（把它收起来。）/ Put the book away. = Put away the book.（把书收起来。） 3.动词 + 副词 + 介词：宾语必放介词后 例：He gets along well with classmates.（他和同学相处得好。） ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 考点 1：及物动词的搭配辨析 【考查要点】 区分 “动词 + to do”“动词 + doing”“动词 + 双宾语” 的固定搭配 【举例分析】 She suggested ______ (have) a meeting tomorrow. 解析：suggest 后接动名词（doing），填 having。 提示：want（to do）/enjoy（doing）/make（sb. do，省略 to） 考点 2：不及物动词的介词搭配 【考查要点】 特定不及物动词与介词的固定组合 【举例分析】 He arrived ______ Beijing yesterday. A. in B. at 解析：arrive in + 大地点（城市 / 国家），arrive at + 小地点（车站 / 学校），选 A。 考点 3：系动词后接形容词 【考查要点】 系动词不可接副词，需接形容词作表语 【举例分析】 The music sounds ______. A. good B. well 解析：sound 是感官系动词，后接形容词，well 作形容词仅表 “身体好”，选 A。 考点 4：延续性与非延续性动词转换 【考查要点】 现在完成时中，非延续性动词需转换为延续性表达 【举例分析】 He ______ (leave) for 2 hours.（用所给词适当形式填空） 解析：leave 是非延续性动词，转换为 be away，填 has been away。 考点 5：动词短语的宾语位置 【考查要点】 “动词 + 副词” 结构中宾语的位置规则 【举例分析】 Please pick up the pen.（改为同义句，用 it 代替 the pen） 解析：it 是代词，放动词与副词中间，答案：Please pick it up. 考点 6：情态动词的语气辨析 【考查要点】 must（必须）/have to（不得不）/may（可能）的区别 【举例分析】 You ______ finish homework first.（表 “客观要求”，填 have to） 对比：You must finish homework.（表 “主观命令”） 考点 7：助动词构成时态 / 语态 【考查要点】 be/have/do 在不同时态中的用法 【举例分析】 The letter ______ (write) by her last week. 解析：last week 表过去，被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，填 was written。 考点 8：兼类动词的词义变化 【考查要点】 同一动词作及物 / 不及物动词时的词义差异 【举例分析】 The door won’t ______ (open).（用所给词适当形式填空） 解析：open 作不及物动词表 “（门）开着”，填 open（原形）。 对比：He opened the door.（open 作及物动词 “打开”） ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．You’d better _________ a sleeping dog. It’s dangerous as it may bite you if it wakes up. A．not to touch B．not touch C．not to follow D．not follow 2．The main characters in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________. A．lovely B．gently C．warmly D．happily 3．Dangerous pets ________ be kept in cages so that they won’t do harm to others. A．can B．may C．must D．need 4．—What colour are they? —The trousers are blue and this pair of shoes ________ green. A．are B．is C．be D．am 5．The teacher made the students ________ their classroom in order to welcome the Open Day. A．to clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．clean 6．The long journey, coupled with the bad weather, ________ everyone exhausted. A．made B．let C．had D．left 7．You’d better ________ some exercise at least twice a week. A．to do B．doing C．do D．does 8．—In this time of AI, ________ our school life full of changes? —Yes. That’s why we should keep learning to better ourselves. A．are B．does C．do D．is 9．—I have a bad stomachache for the whole day. —You ________ see a doctor right now. A．can B．need C．can’t D．needn’t 10．—________ your friend like erhu? —Yes. She ________ the erhu every evening. A．Do; play B．Does; play C．Does; plays D．Do; plays 11．Which of the following sentence structures is SVOO? A．I call them vegetable animals. B．Sunlight makes us warm. C．Sunlight brings us renewable energy. D．They made me a prize winner. 12．It makes me ________ to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches. A．feel exciting B．to feel excited C．feel excited D．feeling excited 13．You ________ attend extra classes at the weekend if you are really serious about your studies at school. A．wouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 14．You’d better _________ others’ secrets when _________ friends. A．not to be curious about; make B．to not be curious about; to make C．not be curious about; making D．not be curious of; making 15．—________ your parents like to walk around the lake? —Yes. They enjoy the peace and quiet in nature. A．Is B．Do C．Are D．Does 16．—Hi, I met your friend John in Starbucks this morning. —It ________ be true. He has gone to Shanghai for a math competition. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 17．More and more companies have ________ the trend of putting out eco-friendly products. A．kicked out B．come with C．popped into D．latched onto 18．Students are ready ________ the Arts Festival and they will ________ a drama. A．to; put on B．to; put up C．for; put up D．for; put on 19．Hearing the good news that she won first prize, Lily ________ an ________ voice. A．shouted with; exciting B．has shouted in; excited C．shouted in; excited D．had shouted with; exciting 20．—The issue of “pre-made meals” has caught much attention. What do you think of it? —I don’t think they are healthy. I ________ food on my own than eat pre-made meals. A．prefer to cook B．prefer cooking C．would cook D．would rather cook 21．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ________ a year ________ 24 solar terms. A．divides; into B．gets; into C．deals; with D．connects; with 22．—I made a lot of food, so feel free ________ what you like. —I’d love to, but I don’t feel like ________ now. A．eat; eating B．to eat; eat C．eating; to eat D．to eat; eating 23．To celebrate the success of Shenzhou-21, our class ________ posters of the spaceship on the wall. A．put out B．put up C．put on D．put off 24．—What did the doctor say just now? —The doctor suggested that we’d better not ________ late even on holiday. A．cheer up B．stay out C．stay up D．come up 25．—Let’s ________ some beautiful pictures in the shopping center. —Good idea! We can ________ the pictures on the wall. A．look up; hang out B．look after; clean up C．look for; hang up D．look at; pack up 26．To everyone’s surprise, he left a job in the city to ________ farming. A．take off B．look up C．take up D．put on 27．If it isn’t so hot, I would rather wait than ________ halfway. But it is. A．stay up B．to stay up C．give up D．to give up 28．—Nancy won the school dance competition again! —It ________ because she was the most hard-working dancer in the club. A．sounded surprising B．seemed surprised C．finished surprisingly D．came as no surprise 29．As we reached the mountain top, the ground ________, showing a beautiful valley. A．fell away B．fell asleep C．fell down D．fell off 30．Mike ________ in America, but he has been used to eating Chinese food since he moved to China. A．used to live B．is used to live C．is used to living D．used to living 31．Before the oral English test starts, make sure all the computers ________ the Internet. A．connect to B．connect with C．are connected to D．are connected with 32．— Do you see the notice about after-school clubs on the noticeboard? — Yes, I would like ________ Reading Club because I like reading a lot. A．to take part in B．to join in C．taking part in D．to join 33．If you spend too much on shopping, it’s easy for you to ________. A．feel sick B．go over budget C．go on vacation D．take your breath away 34．Although it is ________, I still ________. A．work hard; work hard B．work hard; hard work C．hard work; work hard D．hard work; hard work 35．—Miss Young ______ swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years. —That’s why she swims so freely. A．turned on B．took up C．dropped by D．gave up 二、短文填空 1 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。 Life is full of challenges, but facing them helps us grow stronger. Last spring, I decided to try something new: growing 36 (草莓). At first, I felt nervous because I 37 (确实地) knew nothing about plants. My friends also had several 38 (怀疑) about my plan. But I didn’t give up, I put in 39 (双倍的) effort of others, watering and learning every day. When I felt 40 (焦虑的), I watched videos 41 (在网上) to learn faster. After months of practice, I made it! I managed 42 (建造) a small garden! My science teacher, a 43 (先驱) of gardening at our school, always said to me, “Be 44 (有创造力的)! Use what you have.” I tried turning old bottles into plant pots, and it worked! Since last year, I have put in so much time on this project, but I realised that failure is just a step to 45 (成功). Remember: start small, and soon you’ll surprise yourself! 2 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 China started trying a visa-free policy (免签政策) for some countries on March 14th, 2024. Thousands 46 visitors have travelled to China because of it. Maximilian, a 21-year-old young man, was 47 (surprise) when he took the high-speed (高速) train to get to Beijing from Shanghai. It was so fast! He could 48 (easy) forget the time while enjoying the beautiful scenery. He also found the workers at the train station were very friendly and humorous, 49 he didn’t feel bored at all during the train trip. When Maximilian was a child, he hoped 50 (visit) China one day. At last, he made it. The ancient buildings in Beijing just took his 51 (breathe) away. When he visited the Great Wall, he couldn’t believe his eyes. “The huge stone (石头) wall reminds me of a history book,” he said, “and I feel like 52 (walk) through time.” “China has a long history, and it is very modern at the same time. Life in China is much 53 (colorful) than I expected. There 54 (be) something special for everyone here. When I see my family and friends again, I decide to tell 55 (they) everything about my wonderful time in China. I am ready to visit more Chinese cities,” Maximilian said. Thanks to the policy, more and more people from other countries will probably visit China, too. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】句意：你最好不要触摸一只睡着的狗。这很危险，因为如果它醒来，它可能会咬你。 考查had better的用法。touch触摸；follow跟随。had better do sth“最好做某事”，否定形式为“had better not do sth”，意为“最好不要做某事”；根据“a sleeping dog”可知，此处指最好不要触摸一只睡着的狗。故选B。 2．A 【解析】句意：电影的主角是一个机器人，他的声音听起来很可爱。 考查系动词后接形容词作表语的用法。lovely可爱的，形容词；gently温柔地，副词；warmly温暖地，副词；happily快乐地，副词。后半句中sounds为系动词，后应用形容词lovely作表语。故选A。 3．C 【解析】句意：危险的宠物必须被关在笼子里，以免它们伤害他人。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以；may可能；must必须；need需要。根据“so that they won’t do harm to others”可知，此处指为了不伤害他人，危险的宠物“必须”关在笼子里。涉及安全问题，应用must表达强制性的义务或必要性。故选C。 4．B 【解析】句意：——它们是什么颜色？——裤子是蓝色的，这双鞋是绿色的。 考查主谓一致。由“this pair of shoes”可知，this pair作主语时，表示单数意义，谓语应用单数，即be动词应用is。故选B。 5．D 【解析】句意：老师让学生们打扫教室以迎接开放日。 考查使役动词make的用法。短语make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，所以空格处应选动词原形。故选D。 6．A 【解析】句意：长途旅行加上恶劣天气让每个人都筋疲力尽。 考查动词辨析。made使；let让；had有；left留下。make后可接“宾语+形容词”的结构，表示“使某人处于某种状态”；let常接“宾语+动词原形”；have后常接“宾语+动词原形/现在分词/过去分词”；left虽也可接“宾语+形容词”，但更侧重“留下某种状态”，此处“漫长旅途+坏天气”是“让所有人疲惫”的直接原因。故选A。 7．C 【解析】句意：你最好每周至少做两次运动。 考查had better用法。根据题干“You’d better”可知，此处考查固定搭配“had better do sth.”，表示“最好做某事”，其中had better后接动词原形，所以此处应用动词原形do。故选C。 8．D 【解析】句意：——在这个人工智能时代，我们的校园生活充满变化吗？——是的。这就是为什么我们应该持续学习来提升自己。 考查主谓一致和be动词的用法。“our school life”是单数主语，且句子为疑问句，“full of changes”前需用be动词的单数形式“is”构成主系表结构。故选D。 9．B 【解析】句意：—— 我一整天都胃痛得厉害。  —— 你需要马上去看医生。 考查情态动词词义辨析。can能；need需要；can’t不能；needn’t不必。由“I have a bad stomachache for the whole day.”可知，胃痛严重，所以需要马上去看医生，“need”符合语境。故选B。 10．C 【解析】句意：——你的朋友喜欢二胡吗？——是的。她每天晚上拉二胡。 考查主谓一致。根据“...your friend like erhu?”和语境可知，句子用一般现在时，主语“your friend”是第三人称单数，因此疑问句中的助动词是does；答句的主语是“She”，谓语动词也应使用三单形式plays。故选C。 11．C 【解析】句意：下面哪个句子结构是双宾语结构？ 考查句子结构辨析。A项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“我称它们为蔬菜动物”；B项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“阳光使我们温暖”；C项结构为动词“brings”接间接宾语“us”和直接宾语“renewable energy”，意为“阳光带给我们可再生能源”；D项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“他们使我成为获奖者”。故选C。 12．C 【解析】句意：观看国家女排的比赛使我感觉很激动。 考查make的用法和形容词辨析。exciting令人激动的，形容词，修饰物；excited激动的，形容词，修饰人。分析句子“It makes me…to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches.”，结合选项可知，此处考查：make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，修饰人的情绪用excited。故选C。 13．D 【解析】句意：如果你真的认真对待在校学习，你就不必在周末上补习班。 考查情态动词。wouldn’t不会；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。根据“if you are really serious about your studies”可知，如果你很认真，就不需要上补习班，此处强调的是不必要的含义。故选D。 14．C 【解析】句意：你最好在交朋友时不要对别人的秘密好奇。 考查had better和when的用法。had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”，故A和B选项错误；be curious about“对……好奇”，故D选项错误；此处when表示“当……时”，后接现在分词。故选C。 15．B 【解析】句意：——你的父母喜欢绕湖散步吗？——是的。他们喜欢大自然中的宁静与祥和。 考查助动词do的用法。句子主语“your parents”为复数，谓语动词“like”为实义动词，因此疑问句需用助动词do构成，故选B。 16．C 【解析】句意：——嗨，今天早上我在星巴克遇到了你的朋友约翰。——不可能是真的。他去上海参加数学竞赛了。 考查情态动词的否定推用法。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不可能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“He has gone to Shanghai for a math competition.”可知约翰在上海，因此不可能在星巴克见到他，表示否定推测用can’t。故选C。 17．D 【解析】句意：越来越多的公司抓住了推出环保产品的趋势。 考查动词短语词义辨析。kicked out开除，赶出；come with与……一同存在，附带；popped into突然进入，闪过；latched onto抓住，利用。根据“More and more companies have... the trend of putting out eco-friendly products.”可知，公司抓住趋势，故选D。 18．D 【解析】句意：学生们为艺术节做好了准备，并且他们将上演一部戏剧。 考查介词辨析和短语。to到；for为了；put on上演；put up张贴。be ready for“为……做好准备”，是固定搭配，后接名词，第一空应是for；根据“they will...a drama”可知，此处指上演戏剧，第二空是put on。故选D。 19．C 【解析】句意：听到她获得一等奖的好消息，莉莉用兴奋的声音大喊。 考查动词时态、动词短语辨析和形容词辨析。shouted with带着……大喊；has shouted in已经用……大喊（现在完成时）；exciting令人兴奋的；excited感到兴奋的；shouted in用……大喊；had shouted with曾带着……大喊（过去完成时）。根据句意，“听到获奖消息”与“呼喊”为同时发生的瞬间动作，需用一般过去时，排除B和D。表达“以……声音呼喊”需用介词in（shout in a...voice）。修饰“voice”（声音）需用excited（感到兴奋的），表示声音充满兴奋感，而“exciting”意为“令人兴奋的”，常用于修饰事物本身。故选C。 20．D 【解析】句意：——“预制菜”问题引起了很多关注。你怎么看？——我认为它们不健康。我宁愿自己做饭也不愿吃预制菜。 考查动词短语辨析。prefer to cook更喜欢做饭（prefer to do sth.）；prefer cooking更喜欢做饭（prefer doing sth.）；would cook会做饭；would rather cook宁愿做饭。根据“than eat pre-made meals”可知，此处是“宁愿……也不愿……”的句型，用would rather do sth. than do sth.。故选D。 21．A 【解析】句意：中国传统农历将一年分成24个节气。 考查动词短语辨析。divides...into把……分成……；gets into进入；deals with处理；connects with连接。根据句意，可知是将整体分割成部分，故选A。 22．D 【解析】句意：——我做了很多食物，所以随意吃你喜欢的。——我很想，但现在我不想吃。 考查非谓语动词用法。feel free to do sth.表示“随便做某事”，故第一空需填动词不定式；feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”，固定搭配，故第二空需填动名词。故选D。 23．B 【解析】句意：为了庆祝神舟二十一号的成功，我们班在墙上张贴了飞船的海报。 考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭、出版；put up张贴、举起；put on穿上、上演；put off推迟、延期。根据“posters of the spaceship on the wall”（墙上的飞船海报）的语境，此处指“张贴海报”，应用put up，故选B。 24．C 【解析】句意：——医生刚才说了什么？——医生建议我们即使在假期也最好不要熬夜。 考查动词短语。cheer up振作起来；stay out待在外面；stay up熬夜；come up出现。根据“we’d better not ... late even on holiday.”可知，医生是建议我们在假期也最好不要熬夜。故选C。 25．C 【解析】句意：——让我们在购物中心寻找一些美丽的图片。——好主意！我们可以把图片挂在墙上。 考查动词短语。look up查找；hang out闲逛；look after照顾；clean up打扫；look for寻找；hang up挂起；look at看；pack up打包。根据“some beautiful pictures in the shopping center”可知是在购物中心寻找一些美丽的图片；根据“the pictures on the wall”可知是把图片挂在墙上。故选C。 26．C 【解析】句意：令每个人惊讶的是，他离开了城市的工作去从事农业。 考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞；脱下；look up查阅；take up开始从事；put on穿上；增加。根据“he left a job in the city to ...farming”可知，他离开城市工作是为了开始从事农业，因此take up最符合句意。故选C。 27．C 【解析】句意：如果不是这么热，我宁愿等待也不愿半途而废。但天气确实很热。 考查动词短语。stay up熬夜，动词原形；to stay up熬夜，动词不定式；give up放弃，动词原形；to give up放弃，动词不定式。根据“would rather wait than”可知，此处应用would rather do sth han do sth表示“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，因此than后接省略to的动词不定式。give up halfway“半途而废”，符合语境。故选C。 28．D 【解析】句意：——南希又赢得了学校舞蹈比赛！——这并不令人惊讶，因为她是俱乐部里最努力的舞者。 考查固定短语和语境理解。sounded surprising听起来令人惊讶；seemed surprised似乎感到惊讶；finished surprisingly令人惊讶地结束；came as no surprise并不令人惊讶。根据对话语境，南希获胜是由于她努力的结果，是预期之中的，因此并不意外。故选D。 29．A 【解析】句意：当我们到达山顶时，地面逐渐消失，展现出一个美丽的山谷。 考查动词短语辨析。fell away逐渐消失，离开；fell asleep睡着；fell down摔倒；fell off从……上掉下。根据“As we reached the mountain top, the ground...”及常识可知，到达山顶时，地面应该是逐渐消失，展现出一个美丽的山谷，所以应该用fell away。故选A。 30．A 【解析】句意：Mike过去住在美国，但自从搬到中国后，他已经习惯于吃中国菜。 考查动词短语。used to do过去常常做某事，后接动词原形；be used to doing习惯于做某事，后接动名词。根据“but he has been used to eating Chinese food since he moved to China”可知，Mike搬到了中国，此处描述的应是Mike过去在美国居住，应用used to live。故选A。 31．C 【解析】句意：在英语口语考试开始之前，确保所有电脑都连接到互联网。 考查被动语态。connect to与……连接，通常用于描述物理或技术上的连接；connect with与……连接，通常用于描述人与人之间的情感联系或沟通。根据“make sure all the computers…the Internet.”可知，电脑与互联网的连接需用“Connect to”，此处应该使用被动语态表示“被连接”，结构为be+动词过去分词。故选C。 32．D 【解析】句意：——你看到布告板上关于课后俱乐部的通知了吗？——是的，我想加入阅读俱乐部，因为我非常喜欢阅读。 考查动词短语。join加入某个团体或组织；take part in参加某项活动；join in参加某项活动。这里指加入俱乐部，应用join；且“would like”后接动词不定式，所以用to join。故选D。 33．B 【解析】句意：如果你在购物上花费太多，你很容易就会超出预算。 考查动词短语辨析。feel sick感到恶心；go over budget超出预算；go on vacation去度假；take your breath away令人惊叹。根据“spend too much on shopping”可知，在购物上花费过多通常会超出预算。故选B。 34．C 【解析】句意：尽管它是艰苦的工作，我仍然努力工作。 考查词义辨析。work hard努力工作；hard work艰苦的工作。根据“it is”可知，空一处用形容词或名词作表语，因此用名词短语hard work；根据“I still”可知，空二处缺少谓语动词，因此用动词短语work hard。故选C。 35．B 【解析】句意：——杨小姐在4岁时开始游泳，并且她已经游泳16年了。——这就是为什么她游得如此自如。 考查动词短语辨析。turned on打开；took up开始从事；dropped by顺便拜访；gave up放弃。根据“swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years.”可知是在4岁开始游泳，took up符合语境。故选B。 二、 1 36．strawberries 37．indeed/really 38．doubts 39．double 40．nervous/anxious 41．online 42．to build 43．pioneer 44．creative 45．success 【解析】本文讲述了一个关于个人成长和挑战的故事。 36．句意：去年春天，我决定尝试一些新事物：种植草莓。根据“growing”及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词strawberry的复数形式strawberries，表示“种植草莓”。故填strawberries。 37．句意：一开始，我感到很紧张，因为我确实对植物一无所知。根据“knew nothing about plants”及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词indeed/really修饰动词，表示“确实对植物一无所知”。故填indeed/really。 38．句意：我的朋友们也对我的计划有些怀疑。根据“several”及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词doubt的复数形式doubts，表示“一些怀疑”。故填doubts。 39．句意：但我没有放弃，我付出了别人双倍的努力，每天浇水和学习。根据“effort of others”及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词double修饰名词effort，表示“双倍的努力”。故填double。 40．句意：当我感到焦虑时，我会在网上看视频来更快地学习。根据“felt”及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词nervous/anxious作表语，表示“感到焦虑”。故填nervous/anxious。 41．句意：当我感到焦虑时，我会在网上看视频来更快地学习。根据“watched videos”及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词online修饰动词，表示“在网上看视频”。故填online。 42．句意：我设法建了一个小花园！根据“managed”及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词不定式to build作宾语，manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，表示“设法建了一个小花园”。故填to build。 43．句意：我的科学老师，我们学校园艺的先驱，总是对我说：“要有创造力！利用你所拥有的。”根据“a”及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词pioneer的单数形式，表示“我们学校园艺的先驱”。故填pioneer。 44．句意：我的科学老师，我们学校园艺的先驱，总是对我说：“要有创造力！利用你所拥有的。”根据“Be”及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词creative作表语，表示“要有创造力”。故填creative。 45．句意：从去年开始，我在这个项目上投入了很多时间，但我意识到失败只是通往成功的一步。根据“to”及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词success，表示“通往成功的一步”，不可数名词。故填success。 2 46．of 47．surprised 48．easily 49．so 50．to visit 51．breath 52．walking 53．more colorful 54．is 55．them 【解析】本文通过描述一位外国年轻人马克西米兰的亲身经历，展现了中国免签政策带来的积极影响，以及他对中国现代化与历史底蕴的赞美。 46．句意：成千上万的游客因此来到中国旅游。根据“Thousands...visitors”可知，此处指成千上万的游客，thousands of“成千上万的”，固定短语。故填of。 47．句意：当马克西米兰乘坐高铁从上海前往北京时，他感到很惊讶。根据“was...”可知，此处应用surprise的形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”作表语，修饰人。故填surprised。 48．句意：他可以很容易地忘记时间，同时欣赏美丽的风景。根据“forget”可知，此处应用easy的副词easily“容易地”修饰动词forget。故填easily。 49．句意：他还发现火车站的工作人员非常友好和幽默，所以在火车旅行中他一点也不觉得无聊。根据“He also found the workers at the train station were very friendly and humorous,...he didn’t feel bored at all during the train trip.”可知，前后句为因果关系，前因后果，应用连词so“所以”连接。故填so。 50．句意：当马克西米兰还是个孩子的时候，他希望有一天能访问中国。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，固定短语，因此此处应用动词visit的不定式形式。故填to visit。 51．句意：北京的古建筑让他叹为观止。根据“took his...away”可知，此处指“让他叹为观止”，take one’s breath away“使某人叹为观止”，固定短语。故填breath。 52．句意：“那巨大的石墙让我想起了那本历史书，”他说道，“我感觉自己仿佛穿越到了过去。”feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，固定短语，因此此处应用动词walk的动名词形式walking作宾语。故填walking。 53．句意：中国的生活比我想象的要丰富多彩得多。根据“much...than”可知，此处应用colorful的比较级more colorful“更丰富多彩的”。故填more colorful。 54．句意：这里对每个人来说都有一些特别的东西。根据“There...something special”可知，此处为there be句型，句子时态为一般现在时，主语something为不定代词，因此be动词应用is。故填is。 55．句意：当我再次见到我的家人和朋友时，我决定告诉他们我在中国度过的美好时光。根据“tell...”可知，此处应用they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题05 动词的分类、动词短语 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心考点解析考点精析 能力巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 1.（2023・浙江湖州）Wet and hot days ______ (be) common in this season. 答案：are 解析：考查系动词。此句为一般现在时，主语 “Wet and hot days” 为复数，be 动词用 are。 2.（2024・浙江）will you go and play ______ a moment? 答案：for 解析：考查固定搭配。“for a moment” 为固定搭配，意为 “片刻，一会儿”。 3.（2023・浙江）Most of their rooms ______ (have) fine paintings all over the walls. 答案：had 解析：考查一般过去时。叙述过去参观庞贝古城的经历，句子为一般过去时，have 的过去式为 had。 4.（2023・浙江杭州）So far some states in the USA ______ (introduce) a new way to avoid this-Traffic School. 答案：have introduced 解析：考查现在完成时。根据 “So far” 可知用现在完成时，结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语为复数，用 have。 5.（2024・浙江）At bedtime, while his mother ______ (tell) him a story. Martin couldn’t help asking. 答案：was telling 解析：考查过去进行时。while 引导的从句常用进行时，结合 “couldn’t” 可知用过去进行时，结构为 “was + 现在分词”。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 一、动词的分类 动词按功能可分为实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词四大类，具体如下： （一）实义动词（行为动词） 有实际动作或状态含义，能独立作谓语，占中考动词考查的 80% 以上。 1.按是否接宾语细分 ①及物动词（vt.）：必须接宾语，可用于被动语态。 跟单宾语：I love reading.（我爱阅读。） 跟双宾语（间接宾语 + 直接宾语）：She gave me a gift. = She gave a gift to me.（她给了我一份礼物。）（高频词：give/pass/lend/send，需加 to） 跟复合宾语（宾语 + 宾补）：名词作宾补：We call him Tom.（我们叫他汤姆。）/形容词作宾补：Keep the room clean.（保持房间干净。）/不定式作宾补：My mom asks me to study hard.（妈妈让我努力学习。） ②不及物动词（vi.）：无需接宾语，接宾语需加介词，无被动语态。 单独使用：Birds fly.（鸟会飞。） 加介词接宾语：He arrived at the station.（他到达了车站。）(高频搭配：listen to（听）/wait for（等）/succeed in（成功）) 2.按动作持续性细分 ①延续性动词：动作可延续，与 for/since 连用。 例：They have lived here for 3 years.（他们住这儿 3 年了。） ②非延续性动词：瞬间动作，不可与时间段连用，需转换为延续性表达。 例：The old man died 2 years ago. = The old man has been dead for 2 years.（老人去世两年了。） （二）连系动词 无实际动作，连接主语与表语（多为形容词），构成系表结构。 1.状态系动词：be/keep/remain 例：The door remains open.（门一直开着。） 2.感官系动词：look/sound/smell/taste/feel 例：The cake tastes delicious.（蛋糕尝起来很美味。） 3.变化系动词：become/turn/get（turn 侧重颜色变化） 例：Leaves turn yellow in autumn.（树叶在秋天变黄。） （三）助动词 无实义，辅助构成时态、语态、否定 / 疑问句。 ①be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）：构成进行时或被动语态 例：He is singing.（进行时）/ English is spoken widely.（被动语态） ②have/has/had：构成完成时 例：We have finished homework.（我们做完作业了。） ③do/does/did：构成否定 / 疑问句，表强调 例：She didn’t go to school.（否定句）/ Do come early!（强调 “务必早来”） （四）情态动词 表语气（能力、许可、必要等），无人称变化，后接动词原形。 高频词：can（能）/may（可以）/must（必须）/should（应该） 例：You must wear a seatbelt.（你必须系安全带。） 二、动词短语 由 “动词 + 介词 / 副词” 构成，相当于及物动词，中考高频考点集中在以下两类： 1.动词 + 介词：宾语必放介词后 例：Look at the blackboard.（看黑板。）→ 不可说 “Look the blackboard at” 2.动词 + 副词：宾语是代词时放中间，名词可中间可后面 例：Put it away.（把它收起来。）/ Put the book away. = Put away the book.（把书收起来。） 3.动词 + 副词 + 介词：宾语必放介词后 例：He gets along well with classmates.（他和同学相处得好。） ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 考点 1：及物动词的搭配辨析 【考查要点】 区分 “动词 + to do”“动词 + doing”“动词 + 双宾语” 的固定搭配 【举例分析】 She suggested ______ (have) a meeting tomorrow. 解析：suggest 后接动名词（doing），填 having。 提示：want（to do）/enjoy（doing）/make（sb. do，省略 to） 考点 2：不及物动词的介词搭配 【考查要点】 特定不及物动词与介词的固定组合 【举例分析】 He arrived ______ Beijing yesterday. A. in B. at 解析：arrive in + 大地点（城市 / 国家），arrive at + 小地点（车站 / 学校），选 A。 考点 3：系动词后接形容词 【考查要点】 系动词不可接副词，需接形容词作表语 【举例分析】 The music sounds ______. A. good B. well 解析：sound 是感官系动词，后接形容词，well 作形容词仅表 “身体好”，选 A。 考点 4：延续性与非延续性动词转换 【考查要点】 现在完成时中，非延续性动词需转换为延续性表达 【举例分析】 He ______ (leave) for 2 hours.（用所给词适当形式填空） 解析：leave 是非延续性动词，转换为 be away，填 has been away。 考点 5：动词短语的宾语位置 【考查要点】 “动词 + 副词” 结构中宾语的位置规则 【举例分析】 Please pick up the pen.（改为同义句，用 it 代替 the pen） 解析：it 是代词，放动词与副词中间，答案：Please pick it up. 考点 6：情态动词的语气辨析 【考查要点】 must（必须）/have to（不得不）/may（可能）的区别 【举例分析】 You ______ finish homework first.（表 “客观要求”，填 have to） 对比：You must finish homework.（表 “主观命令”） 考点 7：助动词构成时态 / 语态 【考查要点】 be/have/do 在不同时态中的用法 【举例分析】 The letter ______ (write) by her last week. 解析：last week 表过去，被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，填 was written。 考点 8：兼类动词的词义变化 【考查要点】 同一动词作及物 / 不及物动词时的词义差异 【举例分析】 The door won’t ______ (open).（用所给词适当形式填空） 解析：open 作不及物动词表 “（门）开着”，填 open（原形）。 对比：He opened the door.（open 作及物动词 “打开”） ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．You’d better _________ a sleeping dog. It’s dangerous as it may bite you if it wakes up. A．not to touch B．not touch C．not to follow D．not follow 2．The main characters in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________. A．lovely B．gently C．warmly D．happily 3．Dangerous pets ________ be kept in cages so that they won’t do harm to others. A．can B．may C．must D．need 4．—What colour are they? —The trousers are blue and this pair of shoes ________ green. A．are B．is C．be D．am 5．The teacher made the students ________ their classroom in order to welcome the Open Day. A．to clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．clean 6．The long journey, coupled with the bad weather, ________ everyone exhausted. A．made B．let C．had D．left 7．You’d better ________ some exercise at least twice a week. A．to do B．doing C．do D．does 8．—In this time of AI, ________ our school life full of changes? —Yes. That’s why we should keep learning to better ourselves. A．are B．does C．do D．is 9．—I have a bad stomachache for the whole day. —You ________ see a doctor right now. A．can B．need C．can’t D．needn’t 10．—________ your friend like erhu? —Yes. She ________ the erhu every evening. A．Do; play B．Does; play C．Does; plays D．Do; plays 11．Which of the following sentence structures is SVOO? A．I call them vegetable animals. B．Sunlight makes us warm. C．Sunlight brings us renewable energy. D．They made me a prize winner. 12．It makes me ________ to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches. A．feel exciting B．to feel excited C．feel excited D．feeling excited 13．You ________ attend extra classes at the weekend if you are really serious about your studies at school. A．wouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 14．You’d better _________ others’ secrets when _________ friends. A．not to be curious about; make B．to not be curious about; to make C．not be curious about; making D．not be curious of; making 15．—________ your parents like to walk around the lake? —Yes. They enjoy the peace and quiet in nature. A．Is B．Do C．Are D．Does 16．—Hi, I met your friend John in Starbucks this morning. —It ________ be true. He has gone to Shanghai for a math competition. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 17．More and more companies have ________ the trend of putting out eco-friendly products. A．kicked out B．come with C．popped into D．latched onto 18．Students are ready ________ the Arts Festival and they will ________ a drama. A．to; put on B．to; put up C．for; put up D．for; put on 19．Hearing the good news that she won first prize, Lily ________ an ________ voice. A．shouted with; exciting B．has shouted in; excited C．shouted in; excited D．had shouted with; exciting 20．—The issue of “pre-made meals” has caught much attention. What do you think of it? —I don’t think they are healthy. I ________ food on my own than eat pre-made meals. A．prefer to cook B．prefer cooking C．would cook D．would rather cook 21．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ________ a year ________ 24 solar terms. A．divides; into B．gets; into C．deals; with D．connects; with 22．—I made a lot of food, so feel free ________ what you like. —I’d love to, but I don’t feel like ________ now. A．eat; eating B．to eat; eat C．eating; to eat D．to eat; eating 23．To celebrate the success of Shenzhou-21, our class ________ posters of the spaceship on the wall. A．put out B．put up C．put on D．put off 24．—What did the doctor say just now? —The doctor suggested that we’d better not ________ late even on holiday. A．cheer up B．stay out C．stay up D．come up 25．—Let’s ________ some beautiful pictures in the shopping center. —Good idea! We can ________ the pictures on the wall. A．look up; hang out B．look after; clean up C．look for; hang up D．look at; pack up 26．To everyone’s surprise, he left a job in the city to ________ farming. A．take off B．look up C．take up D．put on 27．If it isn’t so hot, I would rather wait than ________ halfway. But it is. A．stay up B．to stay up C．give up D．to give up 28．—Nancy won the school dance competition again! —It ________ because she was the most hard-working dancer in the club. A．sounded surprising B．seemed surprised C．finished surprisingly D．came as no surprise 29．As we reached the mountain top, the ground ________, showing a beautiful valley. A．fell away B．fell asleep C．fell down D．fell off 30．Mike ________ in America, but he has been used to eating Chinese food since he moved to China. A．used to live B．is used to live C．is used to living D．used to living 31．Before the oral English test starts, make sure all the computers ________ the Internet. A．connect to B．connect with C．are connected to D．are connected with 32．— Do you see the notice about after-school clubs on the noticeboard? — Yes, I would like ________ Reading Club because I like reading a lot. A．to take part in B．to join in C．taking part in D．to join 33．If you spend too much on shopping, it’s easy for you to ________. A．feel sick B．go over budget C．go on vacation D．take your breath away 34．Although it is ________, I still ________. A．work hard; work hard B．work hard; hard work C．hard work; work hard D．hard work; hard work 35．—Miss Young ______ swimming at the age of 4 and she has been swimming for 16 years. —That’s why she swims so freely. A．turned on B．took up C．dropped by D．gave up 二、短文填空 1 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。 Life is full of challenges, but facing them helps us grow stronger. Last spring, I decided to try something new: growing 36 (草莓). At first, I felt nervous because I 37 (确实地) knew nothing about plants. My friends also had several 38 (怀疑) about my plan. But I didn’t give up, I put in 39 (双倍的) effort of others, watering and learning every day. When I felt 40 (焦虑的), I watched videos 41 (在网上) to learn faster. After months of practice, I made it! I managed 42 (建造) a small garden! My science teacher, a 43 (先驱) of gardening at our school, always said to me, “Be 44 (有创造力的)! Use what you have.” I tried turning old bottles into plant pots, and it worked! Since last year, I have put in so much time on this project, but I realised that failure is just a step to 45 (成功). Remember: start small, and soon you’ll surprise yourself! 2 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 China started trying a visa-free policy (免签政策) for some countries on March 14th, 2024. Thousands 46 visitors have travelled to China because of it. Maximilian, a 21-year-old young man, was 47 (surprise) when he took the high-speed (高速) train to get to Beijing from Shanghai. It was so fast! He could 48 (easy) forget the time while enjoying the beautiful scenery. He also found the workers at the train station were very friendly and humorous, 49 he didn’t feel bored at all during the train trip. When Maximilian was a child, he hoped 50 (visit) China one day. At last, he made it. The ancient buildings in Beijing just took his 51 (breathe) away. When he visited the Great Wall, he couldn’t believe his eyes. “The huge stone (石头) wall reminds me of a history book,” he said, “and I feel like 52 (walk) through time.” “China has a long history, and it is very modern at the same time. Life in China is much 53 (colorful) than I expected. There 54 (be) something special for everyone here. When I see my family and friends again, I decide to tell 55 (they) everything about my wonderful time in China. I am ready to visit more Chinese cities,” Maximilian said. Thanks to the policy, more and more people from other countries will probably visit China, too. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $