选择性必修第二册 UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦人教版选择性必修第二册“SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS”单元，精准覆盖高考词汇（熟词生义、一词多义）、核心句式（until从句、have+宾语+宾补）、主题写作（应用文+读后续写）等核心考点，深度对接高考评价体系，通过2024新高考I卷等真题案例分析词汇辨析、句式运用等考点权重，归纳词汇分类识记、句式仿写等常考题型，凸显备考针对性与实用性。 课件亮点在于“真题融入+素养导向+技巧突破”，如结合高考真题详解blame、defend等词的语境运用，通过“多义词辨义表格”“构词法猜义”培养语言能力，依托读后续写情绪描写语料提升思维品质。特设“句式仿写三步法”“写作语义场构建”等应试策略，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此系统开展考点突破，实现高效复习。

选择性必修第二册 UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS （话题：人与社会：科学与科学家） 英语（人教版） 目录 学案一 课前背默 01 学案三 主题写作 03 学案二 课堂讲练 02 学案四 课下集训 04 学案一 课前背默 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 核心单词（围绕话题：科学） 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 多义单词 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 阅读单词 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 助记：前缀aero­，表示“空气” 助记：词根patr，表示“父亲、祖国” 反义：ripe adj.成熟的 点拨：常用复数statistics 助记：de­＋hydr(o)水＋­ation 联想：contrary adj.相反的 n．相反的情况 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 拓展单词 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 重点短语 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 对比：in the charge of在……的管理下 点拨：用主动表示被动 近义：owing to；as a result of；due to 同义：have an effect/influence on 单元佳句过关——遮挡背诵，自我检测 单元佳句过关——遮挡背诵，自我检测 语篇串记词汇——背美文，记单词 语篇串记词汇——背美文，记单词 语篇串记词汇——背美文，记单词 提示 速记后请完成“背诵过关检测卷（二十二）” 学案二 课堂讲练 blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 1 blame the lack of physical activity on the heavy academic workload decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 2 读后续写之焦急无助心理描写 help decrease stress levels and improve  overall well­being among students defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解；替……辩护→defence n．防御；保卫；保护→defensive adj.防御性的；自我保护的 3 suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 4 suspected that my roommate had  taken it pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)；涌流 5 读后续写之神态描写之笑 环境保护 读后续写之情绪描写 come down with 染上；得了(……病)；患(病) 6 读后续写之自豪心理描写 above all 最重要的是；首先；尤其是 7 managed to handle the four  problems in all First of all, I would like to thank our teacher for organizing this incredible  outdoor art lesson in the park. 感谢信 句式：until 引导时间状语从句 8 keep working on the farm until I earned enough money didn't discover my passion for creating art in nature until I stepped out of my comfort zone and tried something new did was not until I stepped out of my comfort zone and tried something new that 句式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语 9 Part 2 阅读词汇——善辨义 （一）多义词辨义 B C A B C A D B C A B C A （二）构词法猜义 随堂多维演练 读后续写之情感描写 感谢信 学案三 主题写作 (一) 应用文写作 [电子邮件——科学家的优秀品质] [构建语义场——科学] I was delighted to receive your email and learn about your desire to become a scientist.Above all, I want to express my wholehearted support for your dream. Not until I came across your email did I realize the depth of your passion for science. To become a successful scientist, one must have a curiosity and a willingness  to question and explore the world around them. A scientist should also be patient, persistent, and not be afraid to defend their  ideas when faced with criticism. I suspect that you already possess many of these qualities, and I encourage  you to continue nurturing them. If you ever need any support or guidance on your path to becoming a scientist,  please don't hesitate to reach out.I'm always here to help. (二) 读后续写 [科学话题＋好奇心理描写] transformed  into a fascinating world of discovery was consumed by a thirst for knowledge found himself absorbed in the wonders of the natural world 1．trace the origins of scientific thinking 　　　 追溯科学思维的起源 2．link abstract concepts to concrete examples 将抽象概念与具体示例联系起来 3．Substantial evidence supports the new scientific theory. 大量证据支持新的科学理论。 4．Initial findings cast doubt on previous assumptions. 初步调查结果使人们对先前的假设产生怀疑。 5．severe criticism blamed on flawed experimental design 有缺陷的实验设计招致严厉的批评 6．Brilliant scientists transform our understanding of nature. 杰出的科学家改变我们对自然的理解。 词组(一)　熟词生义与词性活用 1．cell [熟义]n.细胞→[生义]n.小房间；单间牢房：a prison cell 监狱牢房 2．concrete [熟义]n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的→[生义]adj.确实的；具体的：a concrete plan 具体的计划 3．suspect [熟义]vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任→[生义]n.可疑对象；犯罪嫌疑人：the prime suspect in the murder case 谋杀案的主要嫌疑人 4．defend [熟义]vt.保卫；防守；辩解→[生义]vt.替……辩护：defend the accused in court 在法庭上为被告辩护 5．solid [熟义]adj.固体的；坚实的 n．固体→[生义]adj.可靠的 a solid argument 可靠的论据 6．pump n．泵；抽水机；打气筒→v.快速摇动；快速上下运动；追问；用泵输送[词性活用]：pump water from the well 从井里抽水 词组(二)　一词多义 1．subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购(或订阅)；定期交纳(会费)；定期捐款 ①subscribe to the magazine 订阅杂志 ②subscribe to an animal protection society 定期捐款给一个动物保护协会 ③subscribe to a belief 赞同一种观点 2．shift n．改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向；换挡 ①shift the focus to quality 将重点转移到质量上 ②work the night shift 上夜班 ③a shift in public opinion 舆论的转变 3．abstract adj.抽象的；理论上的 v．提取 n．(文献等的)摘要 ①an abstract concept 一个抽象的概念 ②abstract the main points 提取要点 ③read the abstract of the paper 阅读论文的摘要 4．handle vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) n．把手；拉手；柄 ①handle the situation carefully 小心处理局势 ②learn to handle the machine 学习操作机器 ③turn the handle to open the door 转动把手把门打开 1．cholera　　　 n．霍乱 2．diarrhoea n．腹泻 3．germ n．微生物；细菌；病菌 4．household n．一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 5．epidemiology n．流行病学 6．protein n．蛋白质 7．virus n．病毒 8．vaccine n．疫苗 9．framework n．框架；结构 10．rainbow n．彩虹 11．mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的 12．mechanic n．机械师；机械修理工 13．aviation n．航空制造业；航空；飞行 14．jet n．喷气式飞机 15．missile 　　 n．导弹 16．astronomer n．天文学家 17．astronomy n．天文学 18．aerospace n．航空航天工业 19．patriotic adj.爱国的 20．raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 21．statistic n．统计数字；统计资料；统计学 22．dehydration n.脱水 23．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 1．severe adj.　　　 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 severely adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 severity n. 严重；严格；严厉 2．frustrate vt. 使懊恼；使沮丧 frustrated adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 frustrating adj. 令人懊恼的 frustration n. 沮丧；懊恼；挫败 3．infect vt. 使感染；传染 infection n. 感染；传染 infectious adj. 传染的；有传染性的 4．prove vt. 证明 link v. 证明是 proof n. 证据；证明；检验 5．intervene vi. 干扰；介入 intervention n. 介入；出面；干涉 6．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 purely adv. 仅仅；完全 purify vt. 净化；使纯净 purity n. 纯净，纯洁 7．transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变 transformation n. 转化；转换；变换；改革 8．think v. 认为；思考 thinking n. 思想；思维；见解 thought n. 思想；想法 9．find v. 发现 finding n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 10．initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 initially adv. 最初地 11．mechanic n. 机械师；机械修理工 mechanical adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 12．defend vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 defense/defence n． 防御；保卫；保护 13．assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助 assistance n. 帮助；协助 assistant n. 助理；助手 14．gift n. 天赋；天分 gifted adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 15．steady adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 steadily adv. 平稳地；持续地 16．astronomy n. 天文学 astronomer n. 天文学家 17．vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 vividly adv. 生动地 1．once and for all 最终地；彻底地 2．subscribe to 同意；赞同 3．above all 最重要的是；尤其是 4．in time 及时；迟早 5．under one's leadership 在某人的领导下 6．be likely to do sth 很可能做某事 7．break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 8．thanks to 幸亏；由于 9．in charge of...主管/掌管/照管…… 10．come down with 患(病)；染上(小病) 11．be to blame 对(坏事)负有责任 12．have an impact on 对……有影响 1．He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.(so...that...) 他发现这两条街道上的霍乱爆发尤为严重以至于十天内死了500多人。 2．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(It seems that...) 这位妇女似乎非常喜欢从这个泵中抽取的水，以至于每天都要把水运送到家中。 3．Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 所以，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。 4．Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair，unable to move and using a computer to talk.(形容词短语作状语) 大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。 Since the severe epidemic broke out，many people all over the world have been infected.Outstanding，gifted and patriotic Chinese specialists in epidemiology and their assistants have been in charge of tracing the source of the virus in order to defend more people from being killed.They desired to produce vaccine to handle the deadly disease once and for all.By observing the virus with microscopes，they gathered solid and multiple statistics and mastered the structure of the virus，which gradually transformed their initial contradictory thinking.All the findings made them subscribe to the idea that the virus was not directly linked to their initial guess，which made the brilliant experts frustrated.This also cast a shadow on the experts，so they had to shift towards how to prevent the virus from spreading among people.Above all，the less we go out，the less likely we will come down with the deadly disease.Furthermore，taking in more protein and eating more vegetables are good choices as well.Last but not least，what we should do is that we must wear masks outdoors.Thanks to these interventions，the threat of this epidemic saw a substantial decrease.What we have experienced has taught us to live a healthy life, such as drinking pure or boiled water and avoiding raw foods.In conclusion，under our motherland's leadership，we have achieved steady success. 自严重的流行病爆发以来，世界各地都有许多人被感染。中国杰出、有天赋的爱国流行病学专家及其助手一直负责追踪病毒的来源，以保护更多的人免于死去。他们希望生产出疫苗来一劳永逸地治疗这种致命的疾病。通过显微镜观察病毒，他们收集了各种可靠的统计数据，掌握了病毒的结构，这逐渐改变了他们最初与之相矛盾的见解。所有的发现都让他们赞同了病毒与他们最初的猜测没有直接联系这一观点，这让杰出的专家们感到沮丧。这也给专家们蒙上了阴影，所以他们不得不转到如何防止病毒在人群中传播这一方向。最重要的是，我们外出得越少，我们染上这种致命疾病的可能性就越小。此外，摄入更多的蛋白质和吃更多的蔬菜也是不错的选择。最后但同样重要的是，我们应该做的是，必须在户外戴口罩。多亏了这些干预措施，流行病的威胁大幅减少。我们的经历教会了我们要过健康的生活，比如喝纯净水或开水，不食生食。总之，在祖国的领导下，我们取得了稳步的成功。 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)As we spoke, Gunter never once blamed me for the inconvenience caused by my lack of cash and the malfunctioning card machine.在我们交谈时，冈特从未因我没带现金和取款机故障造成的不便而责怪我。 【用法归纳】 ◎blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 ◎blame sth on sb/sth 将某事归咎于某人/某物 ◎be to blame (for sth) 对(坏事)负有责任 ◎take/bear the blame for... 承担……的责任(一般是坏事或错事) ◎lay/put/place the blame on sb/sth 归咎于某人/某物 【写作语料】　 ◎blame poor safety standards for the accident 将该事故归咎于安全标准不到位 ◎blame the traffic jam on roadworks把交通堵塞归咎于道路施工 ◎take the blame for his poor academic performance 承担他考出糟糕成绩的责任 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①When getting along with others，we shouldn't always blame others mistakes.After all，many times we are also (blame). ②把自己的错误归咎于他人很容易，但对自己的行为负责是成熟和个人成长的标志。 , but taking responsibility for our actions is a sign of maturity and personal growth. ③(2024·浙江1月卷应用文)有些人可能会将缺乏身体锻炼归咎于繁重的学业负担，但在课间休息时加入跳绳等简单的锻炼可以缓解这个问题。 Some may , but incorporating simple exercises like rope skipping during breaks can help alleviate this issue. to blame It is easy to blame others for our own mistakes for 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)As the queue for the bus decreased, I felt a growing sense of helplessness, realizing that I might miss my ride to the conference.随着排队等车的人数减少，我的无助感越来越强烈，意识到我可能会错过去参加会议的车。 【用法归纳】 ◎on the decrease/decline 在减少；在衰退 ◎on the increase/rise 在上涨；在增长 ◎decrease/increase by... 减少/增加了…… ◎decrease/increase to... 减少/增加到…… 【写作语料】　 ◎decrease the chances of disease infection减少疾病感染的机会 ◎decrease by 25% 减少25% ◎decrease in carbon emissions 碳排放的减少 ◎with the decrease of habitats for animals随着动物栖息地的减少 is expected to decrease 【语境运用】　语段填空/完成句子 ①The number of people owning private cars is the increase in China.By the end of last year，the number had increased 80 million，while the number of people buying Japanese cars had decreased 20%. ②随着更多的人意识到塑料污染的危害，一次性塑料制品的使用量有望减少。 With more people becoming aware of the dangers of plastic pollution, the use of single­use plastic products ． ③(2024·浙江1月卷)在校期间定期锻炼可以帮助减轻学生的压力，改善整体健康状况。 Regular exercise during school hours can ． on to by 【高考真题】　(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)Encouraging students to engage in physical activities like rope skipping can help them build a strong immune system and defend themselves against illnesses.鼓励学生参加跳绳等体育活动可以帮助他们建立强大的免疫系统，抵御疾病。 【用法归纳】 ◎defend...against/from 保护……免受 ◎defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护 ◎in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫 ◎in one's defence 为某人辩护 【写作语料】　 ◎defend one's position/views 为自己的立场/观点辩护 ◎rush to defend his son like an arrow 像箭一样冲过去保护他的儿子 ◎defend ourselves from/against being attacked保护自己不受攻击 ◎in defence of animals close to extinction 为了保护濒临灭绝的动物 defended himself with a stick 【语境运用】　单句填空/一句多译 ①The team's (defend) strategy proved effective in neutralizing the opponent's attacking players. ②Some people learn martial arts to strengthen their bodies or defend themselves being bullied. ③狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。 →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and ．(defence) →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and ．(defend) defensive against/from took up a stick in defence of himself 【高考真题】　(2024·全国甲卷应用文写作)The rapid adoption of shared bicycles in Chinese cities led some people to suspect that they would replace traditional forms of transportation.共享单车在中国城市的快速普及让一些人认为它们会取代传统交通工具。 【用法归纳】 ◎suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做了)某事 ◎suspect sb to be... 怀疑某人是…… ◎suspect that 怀疑……；觉得…… 【语用点拨】　与“suspect sb of sth”结构类似的动词短语还有： ①remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 ②inform sb of sth告知某人某事 ③cure sb of sth治愈某人的某种疾病 ④accuse sb of sth指责/指控某人某事 ⑤convince sb of sth劝服某人相信某事 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①He resigned after being suspected theft. ②这名中年男子因与受害人发生冲突而被怀疑是凶手。 The middle­aged man because he had a conflict with the victim. ③当我的钱包不见了，我起初怀疑是我的室友拿了它，但后来发现是我自己忘在图书馆了。 When my wallet went missing, I initially , but later discovered that I had left it behind in the library myself. of was suspected to be the murderer 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)As I poured out my gratitude to Gunter for his exceptional service, he simply smiled and said, “That's what friends are for.”当我向冈特表达我对他卓越服务的感激之情时，他只是微笑着说：“这就是朋友的作用。” 【用法归纳】 ◎pour in/into 　 倒入；涌进 ◎pour down 倾盆而下 ◎pour out 涌出；倾诉 【写作语料】　 ◎pour one's heart out 倾诉衷肠 ◎pour cold water over/on sth 对某事泼冷水 ◎with muddy flood water pouring into the car 浑浊的洪水涌入汽车 ◎complaints pour in 投诉纷至沓来 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①废水流到河里、湖里和田野里会损害农作物，杀死大量的鱼。 With ，lakes and fields，it will harm the crops and kill a large number of fish. ②听到这个令人心碎的消息后，她再也控制不住自己的情绪，眼泪倾泻而下。 Upon hearing the heartbreaking news, she could no longer control her emotions, ． the waste water pouring into rivers tears pouring down her face 【高考真题】　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)Although David came down with a brain disease, he finally finished the race and I felt a swell of pride for him.虽然大卫患了脑病，但他最终完成了比赛，我为他感到无比自豪。 【用法归纳】 ◎come across　　 　 (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解 ◎come about 发生(无被动形式) ◎come out 出版；结果是；(花)开放 ◎come on 加油；上场；得了吧 ◎come up 走近；上来；被提出 ◎come up with 提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等) ◎when it comes to... 当谈及…… 【写作语料】　 After brainstorming for hours, the team finally came up with a brilliant solution to the problem that had been blocking the project for weeks. 经过几个小时的头脑风暴，团队终于为阻碍该项目数周的问题想出了一个绝妙的解决方案。 come up with Come on When it comes to improving Chinese listening ability 【语境运用】　用come的相关短语完成语段/完成句子 ① English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share.Firstly，when you unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers' questions in class，you should try to answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“ ！” ②谈到提高汉语听力，我的建议是你应该每天听汉语。 , my suggestion is that you should listen to Chinese every day. When it comes to come across come up 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)The outdoor class was a unique experience, but above all, it showcased the importance of creativity and self­expression in education.这个户外课程是一种独特的体验，但最重要的是，它展示了创造力和自我表达在教育中的重要性。 【用法归纳】 ◎after all 　　 毕竟；终究 ◎first of all 首先；第一 ◎all in all 整体说来；总而言之 ◎in all 全部；合计 ◎at all (否定句)一点也(不)；完全(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟 【写作语料】　 My Chinese teacher tried to persuade me to read some classic novels, but those books don't attract me at all. 我的中文老师试图说服我读一些经典小说，但那些书一点也不吸引我。 【语境运用】　完成句子/翻译句子 ①多亏了你及时而慷慨的帮助，我设法成功解决了所有这四个问题。 Thanks to your timely and generous help，I ． ②你完全不应该再依赖你的父母了，毕竟你已经过十八岁了。最重要的是你应该自己挣钱。 You shouldn't depend on your parents ，since you have been over eighteen; you should earn money by yourself. ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)首先，我要感谢我们的老师在公园里组织了这节精彩的户外艺术课。 at all after all above all 【教材原句】　Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 【用法归纳】 ◎not...until... 意为“直到……才……”； ◎not until 倒装结构：Not until＋...＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语＋...； ◎not until 强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。 【写作佳句】　 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I did not truly appreciate the beauty of nature until I participated in the outdoor art lesson in the park. 直到我参加了公园里的户外美术课，我才真正欣赏到大自然的美。 ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Not until I saw my completed artwork did I understand the true value of the outdoor art lesson. 直到我看到自己完成的艺术作品，我才明白这节户外美术课的真正价值。 ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It was not until I received praise from my teacher and classmates that I gained confidence in my artistic abilities. 直到我收到老师和同学们的表扬，我才对自己的艺术能力产生信心。 【仿写借鉴】　完成句子/一句多译 ①(2021·浙江6月卷)我将一直在农场工作，直到我挣到足够的钱帮助爸爸买辆新拖拉机。 I would to help my father buy a new tractor. ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)直到我走出舒适区，尝试新事物，我才发现自己对在大自然中创作艺术的热情。 →I I stepped out of my comfort zone and tried something new. →Not until I discover my passion for creating art in nature. →It I discovered my passion for creating art in nature. 【教材原句】　Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.所以，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。 【用法归纳】 ◎have sth done　 　　　 使某事被做 ◎have sb do sth 让某人做某事 ◎have sb/sth doing sth 让某人一直做某事/让某事处于某种状态 ◎can't/couldn't/won't have sb do/doing sth 不能容忍某人做某事 ◎have sth to do 有某事要做 【写作佳句】　 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Our teacher had us explore different areas of the park to find inspiration for our artwork. 我们的老师让我们探索公园的不同区域，以寻找艺术创作的灵感。 ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) The peaceful atmosphere of the park had me feeling relaxed and focused throughout the art lesson. 公园的宁静氛围让我整节美术课都感到放松和保持专注。 ③I intend to go abroad for further study，through which I can have my horizons broadened. 我打算出国深造，这样可以开阔我的视野。 【仿写借鉴】　完成句子 ①公园里的美术课让我意识到在创作艺术时仔细观察大自然的重要性。 The art lesson in the park closely when creating art. ②我们班主任不能容忍我们浪费时间。即使我们已完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典来开阔我们的视野。 Our head teacher ．Even if we have finished our homework，he always ． had me realize the importance of observing nature can't have us wasting our time has us read classics to widen/broaden our horizons 1．shift A．n.转移；转变 B．n.轮班；班次 C．v.换挡 ①She works the night shift at the hospital. ②Remember to shift gears when driving uphill. ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 2．abstract A．adj.抽象的 B．v.提取 C．n.摘要 ①The researcher abstracted the key points from the lengthy report. ②The abstract of the article provides a brief overview of the main ideas. ③(2024·浙江1月卷)Hmm, your description really teaches me something about appreciating abstract art. 3．handle A．vt.处理　B．vt.操纵　C．n.把手　D．vt.(用手)触、碰、拿 ①(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. ②Driving a car is not just handling controls but judging speed and distance. ③Tea in China was traditionally drunk from cups without handles. ④(2023·浙江1月卷)Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double­check all the details，make suggestions，and then handle the actual reservations. 4．subscribe to A．订阅 B．赞成；同意 C．捐助 ①He subscribes to the view that we can tackle the severe problem in this way once and for all. ②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past. ③Using the money I earned in the holiday，I have subscribed to multiple magazines recently. 巧借前缀micro­推测词义 前缀micro­意为“微小的” [本单元]microscope n．显微镜 [相关词]①microwave n．微波 ②microorganism n．微生物 1．The microplastic particles in the ocean pose a serious threat to marine life. [词义]micro(微小)＋plastic(塑料)→microplastic 2．The microbiologist studied the behavior of bacteria under different environmental conditions. [词义]micro(微小)＋biologist(生物学家)→microbiologist 3．The microchip in the device allows it to process data at incredible speeds. [词义]micro(微小)＋chip(芯片)→microchip n．微塑料 n．微生物学家 n．微芯片 4．The microprocessor is the brain of the computer, handling all its calculations and operations. [词义]micro(微小)＋processor(处理器)→microprocessor 5．The microeconomics course focuses on the behavior of individuals and businesses in the market. [词义]micro(微小)＋economics(经济学)→microeconomics 6．The microgravity environment in space affects the way astronauts' bodies function. [词义]micro(微小)＋gravity(重力)→microgravity n．微处理器 n．微观经济学 n．微重力 Blamed on by (一)核心词句专练——单句语法填空 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific (prove) concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies. 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David stood at the starting line, helpless and (frustrate). 3． (blame) for the failure of the performance，Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly. 4．The number of the patients is the decrease.Thanks to the government's intervention，the number has decreased 20%. proof frustrated into The outstanding astronomer who devoted himself to his career came down a severe illness. 6．I was overcome with sadness because I was suspected stealing his money. 7．Such a mean woman is she that she is always finding fault others，which really gets us annoyed. 8．Thanks to your generous help and kindness，my first Canada trip was transformed an unforgettable memory. with of with vt.替……辩护 vt.不停地追问 adj.可靠的 adj.可持续的 (二)阅读词汇猜词——熟词生义、派生与合成 1．The prisoner was confined to a small cell with minimal amenities. 2．The researcher presented concrete evidence to support his groundbreaking theory. 3．The police identified the prime suspect in the robbery case. 4．The skilled lawyer was hired to defend the accused in court. 5．The journalist kept pumping the politician for information about the scandal. 6．The company has a solid reputation for delivering high­quality products. 7．The company is committed to developing sustainable business practices that minimize its environmental impact and support long­term economic growth. ◎sus­(在下面)＋tain＋­able (使能够)→sustainable n.单间牢房 adj.具体的 n.犯罪嫌疑人 (2025·福州高三质检)假如你是李华，收到笔友John的邮件。John希望自己将来能成为一名科学家，因此向你咨询科学家需要具备哪些品质。请你给他回一封电子邮件告知。要点如下： (1)对John的梦想表示支持； (2)科学家应具备的品质。 1．科学研究方法 ①observation 观察 ②hypothesis 假设 ③experiment 实验 ④data collection 数据收集 ⑤data analysis 数据分析 ⑥conclusion 结论 ⑦scientific method 科学方法 ⑧empirical evidence 实证证据 2．科学应用 ⑨medical research 医学研究 ⑩drug development 药物开发 ⑪renewable energy 可再生能源 ⑫space exploration 太空探索 ⑬genetic engineering 基因工程 ⑭sustainable agriculture 可持续农业 ⑮water purification 水净化 ⑯waste management 废物管理 3．科学家素质 ⑰curiosity 好奇心 ⑱critical thinking 批判性思维 ⑲creativity 创造力 ⑳perseverance 毅力 ㉑explore the world 探索世界 ㉒collaboration 合作 ㉓open­mindedness 开放思想 ㉔passion for science 对科学的热情 4．科学的意义 ㉕advance human knowledge 推进人类知识 ㉖solve global challenges 解决全球性挑战 ㉗improve qualities of life 提高生活质量 ㉘drive technological progress 推动技术进步 ㉙foster innovation 促进创新 ㉚promote evidence­based thinking 促进循证思维 ㉛enhance public understanding 增进公众理解 ㉜contribute to human well­being 促进人类福祉 选用本单元所学知识和上述词块翻译句子 第一段：开篇点出写信目的 1．我很高兴收到你的电子邮件，并了解到你想成为一名科学家的愿望。最重要的是，我想表达我对你的梦想的全力支持。 第二段：对John的梦想表示支持和科学家应具备的品质 2．直到我看到你的电子邮件，我才意识到你对科学的热情之深。(倒装句) 3．要成为一名成功的科学家，一个人必须有一种好奇心以及质疑和探索周围世界的意愿。 4．当面对批评时，科学家也应该有耐心、坚持不懈、不怕为自己的观点辩护。 5．我认为你已经具备了许多这些品质，我鼓励你继续培养它们。 第三段：最后提出希望 6．如果你在成为一名科学家的道路上需要任何支持或指导，请毫不犹豫地联系我。我随时准备为你提供帮助。 Ⅰ.教材语料背诵 词汇 [人物描写]　frustrated；gifted；outstanding；brilliant；leadership [动作描写]　suspect；blame；handle；transform；cast；defend；come down with；subscribe to 佳句 1．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(情感描写) 2．Born in Shanghai in 1911，Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.(人物描写) 3．Besides being brilliant，he was brave，though sometimes careless in what he said or did.(人物描写) 4．He was willing to say what others were afraid to say，and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.(排比) Ⅱ.拓展语料积累 词汇 curious 好奇的；fascinated 着迷的；captivated 被吸引的；absorbed 专注的；spellbound 着迷的；arouse one's curiosity 激起某人的好奇心；spark one's imagination 激发某人的想象力；capture one's attention 吸引某人的注意力；be eager to learn 渴望学习；have a thirst for knowledge 渴求知识；be consumed by curiosity 充满好奇心；be driven by a desire to know 被求知欲所驱使；be filled with wonder 充满惊奇 佳句 1．Her eyes sparkled with curiosity as she gazed upon the mysterious object. 当她凝视着那个神秘的物体时，她的眼中闪烁着好奇的光芒。 2．The strange noise coming from the attic aroused his curiosity, and he couldn't resist investigating. 阁楼上传来的奇怪声音激起了他的好奇心，他无法抗拒去探查。 3．She was utterly fascinated by the complex workings of the ancient machine, eager to unravel its secrets. 她完全被这台古老机器的复杂工作原理所吸引，渴望揭开它的秘密。 佳句 4．The explorer was captivated by the beauty and mystery of the uncharted territory, yearning to discover what lay beyond. 探险家被这片未知领域的美丽和神秘所吸引，渴望发现未知的事物。 5．The scientist was absorbed in her research, driven by an insatiable curiosity to understand the complexities of the universe. 这名科学家专注于她的研究，由永不满足的好奇心驱使着去理解宇宙的复杂性。 Ⅲ.语料综合运用(用上述语料完成续写) [前情提示]　奇普原本不愿上学，但在他的科学老师奥戴尔的影响下，他对科学课产生了浓厚的兴趣。奥戴尔鼓励学生们通过思考而非死记硬背来学习科学，使得奇普开始享受科学课的每一刻，甚至在课外也积极观察和学习自然现象。奇普的变化体现了教育的力量，以及一位优秀老师对学生兴趣和态度的深远影响…… [续写构思]　一到科学课，奇普就充满了活力和热情→被奥戴尔老师说的话所吸引→充满对知识的渴望→被一种对学习和探索的永不满足的欲望所驱使 一到科学课，奇普就充满了活力和热情。他的眼睛里闪烁着好奇的光芒，他坐在座位上，身子前倾，被奥戴尔先生说的每一句话所吸引。曾经平凡的教室变成了一个充满探索的迷人世界，奇普的脑海里充满着问题和想法。他不再是那个害怕上学的冷漠的学生；相反，他整个人充满了对知识的渴望，渴望解开宇宙的奥秘。奥戴尔先生对科学的热情点燃了奇普内心的火焰，他发现自己沉浸在自然世界的奇迹之中，被一种对学习和探索的永不满足的欲望所驱使。 The minute the lesson turned to science, Chip exploded with energy and enthusiasm.His eyes ① , and he leaned forward in his seat, captivated by Mr.O'Dell's every word.The once mundane classroom ② , and Chip's mind raced with questions and ideas.He was no longer the apathetic student who dreaded school; instead, he ③ , eager to unravel the mysteries of the universe.Mr.O'Dell's passion for science had ignited a flame within Chip, and he ④ , driven by an insatiable desire to learn and explore. sparkled with curiosity $