UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS(晨诵晚默)-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习(人教版)

2025-12-05
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
年级 高二
章节 Unit 1 Science and Scientists
类型 题集-试题汇编
知识点 词汇
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 93 KB
发布时间 2025-12-05
更新时间 2025-12-05
作者 山东正禾大教育科技有限公司
品牌系列 正禾一本通·高中同步课堂高效讲义
审核时间 2025-12-05
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 任务一 语言知识狂背(Reading and Thinking) 阅读 单词 1.cholera    n.霍乱 2.germ n.微生物;细菌;病菌 3.pump n.泵;抽水机;打气筒 4.household   n.一家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人 5.statistic n.[pl.­s]统计数字;统计资料;统计学 6.microscope n.显微镜 核心 单词 1.subscribe    vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费) 2.multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的 3.suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象 4.blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责 n.责备;指责 5.handle n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 6.link      n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联 7.substantial adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的 8.decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低 9.raw adj.未煮的; 生的; 未经处理的;原始的 拓展 单词 1.severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的→severely adv.严重地;严格地,严厉地 2.frustrate vt.挫败;阻挠;使灰心→frustrated adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→frustration n.懊恼;沮丧 3.infect vt.使感染;传染→infection n.感染;传染→infectious adj.传染性的;感染的(尤指通过呼吸) 4.proof n.证据;证明;检验→prove v.证明;证明是 5.intervene vi.介入;出面;插话→intervention n.介入;出面;干涉 6.pure adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→purify v.净化 7.transform vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.改变;转变→transformation n.变化;转变;变换 短语 词块 1.attend to        关怀;照料;处理 2.link...to/with... 把……与……联系起来 3.once and for all 最终地;彻底地 4.subscribe to 同意;赞同 5.thanks to 幸亏;由于 6.be to blame     (对某事)负有责任 7.suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人某事 8.be likely to do sth 有可能去做某事 9.water pump 水泵 经典 佳句 1.until引导的时间状语从句 教材原句:Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前,霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 2.so...that...如此……以至于…… 教材原句:He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重,十天内就有500多人死亡。 经典 佳句 3.It seemed that...好像……;似乎…… 教材原句:It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水,每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。 4.see的主语为物时,意为“见证;目睹”,是一种拟人的修辞手法 教材原句:Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 经过斯诺的不懈努力,饮用水公司开始出售洁净水,世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。 5.the way 作先行词,后跟省略了that/in which的定语从句 教材原句:Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. 此外,通过使用地图和数据,斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 任务二 语言知识默写(Reading and Thinking) Ⅰ.单词默写 1.____________   vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费) 2.____________ adj.数量多的;多种多样的 3.____________ vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象 4.____________ vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责 n.责备;指责 5.____________ n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 6.____________ n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联 7.____________ adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的 8.____________ n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低 9.____________ adj.未煮的; 生的; 未经处理的;原始的 10.____________ adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的→____________ adv.严重地;严格地,严厉地 11.________________ vt.挫败;阻挠;使灰心→____________ adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→____________ n.懊恼;沮丧 12.__________ vt.使感染;传染→__________ n.感染;传染→____________ adj.传染性的;感染的(尤指通过呼吸) 13.__________ n.证据;证明;检验→________ v.证明;证明是 14.__________ vi.介入;出面;插话→________ n.介入;出面;干涉 15.____________ adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→____________ v.净化 16.____________ vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.改变;转变→____________ n.变化;转变;变换 Ⅱ.短语默写 1.________________  关怀;照料;处理 2.________________  把……与……联系起来 3.________________ 最终地;彻底地 4.________________ 同意;赞同 5.________________ 幸亏;由于 6.________________ (对某事)负有责任 7.________________ 怀疑某人某事 8.________________ 有可能去做某事 9.________________ 水泵 Ⅲ.句型默写 1.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前,霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, _________________________________. 2.他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重,十天内就有500多人死亡。 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was ____________________________. 3.该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水,每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。 ________________________________ the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 4.此外,斯诺利用地图和统计数据改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed __________________________________. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.subscribe 2.multiple 3.suspect 4.blame 5.handle 6.link 7.substantial 8.decrease 9.raw 10.severe;severely 11.frustrate;frustrated;frustration 12.infect;infection;infectious 13.proof;prove 14.intervene;intervention 15.pure;purify 16.transform;transformation Ⅱ.1.attend to 2.link...to/with... 3.once and for all4.subscribe to 5.thanks to 6.be to blame 7.suspect sb of sth 8.be likely to do sth 9.water pump Ⅲ.1.until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome 2.so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days 3.It seemed that 4.the way scientists study diseases 任务三 语言知识狂背(The rest of the unit) 阅读 单词 1.protein     n.蛋白质 2.cell n.细胞;小房间;单间牢房 3.virus n.病毒 4.framework n.框架;结构 5.concrete      n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的 6.abstract adj.抽象的;理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要 7.concept n.概念;观念 核心 单词 1.solid adj.可靠的; 固体的; 坚实的 n.固体 2.cast vt.投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投掷 3.shadow n.阴影; 影子; 背光处 4.rainbow n.彩虹 5.pour vt.倒出; 倾泻; 斟(饮料) 6.outstanding adj.优秀的; 杰出的; 明显的 7.besides prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且; 此外 8.furthermore adv.此外; 再者 9.fault n.弱点; 过错 10.shift n.改变; 转换; 轮班 vi.& vt.转移; 挪动; 转向 拓展 单词 1.finding n.发现;调查结果;(法律)判决→find v.发现 2.initial adj.最初的;开始的;第一的→initially adv.最初地 3.mechanical adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的→mechanic n.机械师;机械修理工 4.defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解→defense/defence n.防御;保卫;保护 5.assistant n.助理;助手→assist vt.& vi.帮助;协助→assistance n.帮助;协助;援助 6.gifted adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的→gift n.礼物;天赋 7.steady adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地;持续地 8.astronomer n.天文学家→astronomy n.天文学→astronaut n.宇航员 9.vivid adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的→vividly adv.生动地;逼真地;鲜明地 短语 词块 1.break out      (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发 2.in charge of 主管;掌管 3.come down with 患(病);染上(小病) 4.above all         最重要的是;尤其是 5.have an impact on 对……有影响 6.theoretical framework 理论框架 经典 佳句 1.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义 教材原句:Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 2.过去分词(短语)作状语 教材原句:Born in Shanghai in 1911,Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. 钱学森1911年生于上海,在北京上学,后来考入上海交通大学,学习铁道机械工程。 3.not only...but also...不仅……而且…… 教材原句:He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme. 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎,受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 4.make+宾语+宾语补足语 教材原句:However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 然而,他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家,可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 任务四 语言知识默写(The rest of the unit) Ⅰ.单词默写 1.____________   adj.可靠的; 固体的; 坚实的 n.固体 2.____________ vt.投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投掷 3.____________ n.阴影; 影子; 背光处 4.____________ n.彩虹 5.____________ vt.倒出; 倾泻; 斟(饮料) 6.____________ adj.优秀的; 杰出的; 明显的 7.____________ prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且; 此外 8.____________ adv.此外; 再者 9.____________ n.弱点; 过错 10.____________ n.改变; 转换; 轮班 vi.& vt.转移; 挪动; 转向 11.____________ v.发现→____________ n.发现;调查结果;(法律)判决 12.____________ adj.最初的;开始的;第一的→____________ adv.最初地 13.________________ n.机械师;机械修理工→____________ adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的 14.__________ vt.保卫;防守;辩解→________ n.防御;保卫;保护 15.________ vt.& vi.帮助;协助→________ n.助理;助手→____________ n.帮助;协助;援助 16.____________ n.礼物;天赋→____________ adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的 17.____________ adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→____________ adv.稳定地;持续地 18.____________ n.天文学→____________ n.天文学家→____________ n.宇航员 19.____________ adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的→__________ adv.生动地;逼真地;鲜明地 Ⅱ.短语默写 1.________________   (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发 2.________________ 主管;掌管 3.________________ 患(病);染上(小病) 4.________________ 最重要的是;尤其是 5.________________ 对……有影响 6.________________ 理论框架 Ⅲ.句型默写 1.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 Perhaps ________________________________________________ China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 2.钱学森1911年生于上海,在北京上学,后来考入上海交通大学,学习铁道机械工程。 ________________________,Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. 3.他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎,受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of ________________________. 4.然而,他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家,可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 However, what might have __________________________________________________ was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.solid 2.cast 3.shadow 4.rainbow 5.pour 6.outstanding 7.besides 8.furthermore 9.fault 10.shift 11.find;finding 12.initial;initially13.mechanic;mechanical 14.defend;defense/defence 15.assist;assistant;assistance 16.gift;gifted 17.steady;steadily 18.astronomy;astronomer;astronaut 19.vivid;vividly Ⅱ.1.break out 2.in charge of 3.come down with 4.above all 5.have an impact on 6.theoretical framework Ⅲ.1.no other scientist has had a great impact on 2.Born in Shanghai in 1911 3.not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme 4.made him such an outstanding and creative scientist 任务五 写作素材狂背 Ⅰ.应用文写作 [常用词汇] ①be expert at/in 擅长……         ②be qualified for 适合;胜任 ③be strict with 对……严格要求 ④think highly of 对……评价高 ⑤devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 ⑥be enthusiastic about... 对……有热情 ⑦with great enthusiasm 带有极大的热情 ⑧make a difference 有影响;有重要作用 ⑨make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献 ⑩be gifted/talented at=have a gift/talent for 有……的天赋 [出彩佳句] 介绍人物的成就或取得的成绩 ①During her career life, she obtained 132 championships, including 4 Olympic championships. 在她的职业生涯中,她获得了132次冠军,包括4次奥运冠军。 ②When he was still a boy, he showed great interest in literature. 当他还是个孩子的时候,他就对文学表现出了极大的兴趣。 ③She is expert at spoken English and even better at using computers. 她擅长英语口语甚至更擅长使用电脑。 ④Her story tells us that we should value what we have,and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. 她的故事告诉我们:我们应该重视我们所拥有的,尽最大努力克服生活中的任何困难。 介绍人物的影响及人们对此人的评价 ①He became famous for his new theory. 他因他的新理论而出名。 ②The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader. 他被人们视为一位激励人心的领导并因此而深受人们爱戴。 ③We regard him as our model. 我们把他视为我们的榜样。 ④Lei Feng was praised for his communist spirit. 雷锋因为他的共产主义精神而受到赞扬。 Ⅱ.读后续写 人物特征之性格特点(一) 主题语境单词 1.generous 大方的,慷慨的 2.mean 小气的,抠门的 3.outgoing 外向的 4.active 活跃的 5.positive 积极的 6.optimistic 乐观的 7.energetic 精力充沛的 8.easy­going 好相处的 9.caring 关心别人的 10.loving 有爱的 11.considerate 体贴的 12.thoughtful 考虑周到的 13.warm­hearted 热心肠的 14.earnest 认真的 15.responsible 负责任的 16.mature 成熟的 17.independent 独立的 主题语境词块 1.a cultured woman 有教养的女子 2.a promising young man 有前途的青年 3.a quiet gracious lady 娴静有礼的淑女 4.a girl of stainless character 品格纯洁无瑕的女孩 5.a person of upright character 品格正直的人 6.with the virtue of 具有……的美德 7.a sense of responsibility 责任感 8.have a promising future 有光明的前途 9.have an excellent character for honesty 有诚实的好名声 主题语境佳句 1.If you want to be successful, you'll have to stand out from the crowd and be different. 如果你想要成功,你必须要脱颖而出,与众不同。 2.I admire him because he is a scientist bent on making a discovery. 我钦佩他,因为他是一个专心致志做发现的科学家。 3.I dislike to make friends with those who lack a sense of responsibility. 我不喜欢和那些缺乏责任感的人交朋友。 主题语境佳句 4.I have every reason to believe that the future is very promising. 我完全有理由相信前途是非常光明的。 5.Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage and truthfulness. 她有许多美德﹐诸如忠诚﹑勇敢和诚实。 6.The person who has striking personalities is hard to get along with. 有非常突出的个性的人很难相处。 7.She planted the seeds of virtue in her children when they were young. 在她的孩子们还小的时候,她就在他们心田里播下了道德的种子。 8.He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality. 他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。 9.Since the death of his parents, he has a strong sense of responsibility. 自从父母去世后,他有了强烈的责任感。 基于主题素材的片段背诵 场景提示:梅富有爱心与责任感,当她得知有人遇到困难时,总是伸出援手。 Once upon a time in a small village, there lived a young girl named Mei.She was a person of upright character, known for her generosity and kindness.Mei was always willing to help others, whether it was lending a listening ear to a friend in need or assisting an elderly neighbour with their groceries.Her warm­hearted nature and considerate actions earned her the respect and admiration of the entire village.Mei was also a promising young woman with a sense of responsibility.She believed that every individual could make a difference in the world.One day, she noticed that the local school was in urgent need of supplies.Determined to help, she organised a community fundraising.Her enthusiasm and positive attitude inspired others to join her, and soon they had collected enough to provide the school with new books and materials. 从前,在一个小村庄里,住着一个名叫梅的年轻女子。她是一个品格正直的人,以慷慨和善良著称。梅总是乐于助人,无论是倾听一位需要帮助的朋友的心声,还是帮助一位年长的邻居购买杂货,她热心的天性及其体贴入微的举止使她赢得了整个村庄的尊重和钦佩。梅也是一个有前途的年轻女性,富有责任感。她坚信每个人都能对世界产生影响。有一天,她注意到当地的学校急需教学用品。她决心帮忙,于是组织了一次社区筹款活动。她的热情和积极的态度激励了其他人加入她,很快他们就为学校筹集到了足够的资金,购买了新的书籍和材料。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS(晨诵晚默)-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习(人教版)
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS(晨诵晚默)-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习(人教版)
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS(晨诵晚默)-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习(人教版)
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