专题04 介词和介词短语（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考介词和介词短语专题，系统梳理时间、方位、方式等五大核心考点，构建“考点深解-命题突破-重难攻坚-练测提能”复习体系，通过考点梳理、方法指导和真题训练帮助学生突破in/on/at等易混点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如时间介词用“年in月in日on时刻at”口诀辨析，方位介词通过“范围内外”对比表深化理解，设基础到挑战分层练习及真题限时训练，确保高效突破难点，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师提供精准复习节奏指导。

专题04 介词和介词短语 目 录 目标导图 考点深解 考点1 时间介词 考点2 方位介词 考点3 方式介词 考点4 其它介词 考点5 介词短语 命题突破 突破1 单项选择题中的介词考查 突破2 完形填空中的介词考查 突破3 语法填空中的介词考查 重难攻坚 攻坚1 时间介词 攻坚2 方位介词 攻坚3 其它介词 练测提能 介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其他某个成分之间的关系。介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。 ◇考点 1 时间介词 in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后 on在(某日) at在… (时刻) during在…期间 before在…以前 after在…以后 from从…(时)起(to ) by到…为止(by far,by now) about大约... until直到…时 for有…(之久) since自从…(至今) （1）时间介词in、on、at的用法区别： in表示在一段时间里 (在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后in 10 days), 用in来表示一天中的早中晚，月份，季节或年份 in the morning/afternoon/evening在早晨，下午，晚上 in January/February在一月，二月 in Spring在春天 in 2020 在2020年 in the 1990s 在十九世纪九十年代 I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, 表示在星期几/某日 on Monday ：在星期一 on January fifth：在1月5日 on Christmas Day ：在圣诞节那一天 也可用at Christmas on New Year's Day：在新年那天 on Friday morning/on a cold/warm/hot/cool morning 如：He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ 用 at 来表示在某一刻： at dawn/daybreak:在黎明 at six:在6点钟 at night/midnight:在晚上/午夜 用 at 来表示在……岁时 at sixteen/at the age of sixteen ：16岁的时候 in年in月on日期 at在具体时刻 from 从什么时候，from...to... for...一段时间 I have lived here for 10 years.] ◇考点 2 方位介词 in在...里面 on在...上面 at在…处 between在...之间 over在....上方(正) under在...下方 above在…前 below低于... in front of在...前 behind在...后, up在...上面 near靠近... around在…周围 among在…中间 along在…近旁, 中间 by在...旁 against倚着... beside在...旁边 across在…对面 close to靠近... 1.方位介词at ，in， on， to， At A.表示在小地方;B.表示“在„„附近，旁边”。arrive in 大地点（城市以上） arrive at 小地点（城市以下） in A表示 在大地方; B.表示“在„范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在„„上面”。 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” next to 2.方位介词above，over，on 在……上 above 指在……上方，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方(正上方)，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3.below，under 在...下面 under表示在...正下方 below表示在...下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4.in front of，in the front of在...前面 in front of…意思是“在...前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在„„的后面）。 There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是“在...的前部”，即甲物在乙物的前部.反义词是at the back of…（在„„范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) ◇考点 3 方式介词 as作为/当作... by用/由/乘坐/被... in用…(语言) like与…一样 on骑(车)/徒(步), 通过(收音机/电视机) through通过... with用(材料)， 用(手/脚/耳/眼) without没有… over通过(收音机) by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。with表示行为动作的工具，后面的名词一般要有冠词；by表示动作的手段,后面的名词一律不带冠词。 如：We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路) Please write that article(文章) in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章) Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。) It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的) ◇考点 4 其它介词 about关于... except除了… besides除了…还... to对…而言 for对于/就…而言 of…的,有关... on关于/有关... towards针对... in在…(方面) with就…而言 易｜错｜提｜醒 （1） this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。 如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇) He had a bad cold that week.(那个星期他患重感冒) （2）介词后跟动名词 do well in dancing 擅长跳舞be good at swimming 擅长游泳how about going traveling 去旅/么样be fond of cycling 酷爱骑行,be busy for doing忙于做某事,Thanks for doing感谢做某事 （3）from...to...: Lunch is from eleven to two. 从十一点到两点开午饭. How far is it from your office to the bank? 从你办公室到银行有多远? （4）.instead of意为“代替”，后面接名词、代词或动名词；而instead是副词，意为“代替，顶替”，在句子中作状语，后面不能接任何成分。如： He will go instead of me.他将代替我去。 She went to school instead of staying at home.她没有待在家里而是上学去了。 Give me this instead.换这个给我吧。 （5）.across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同：across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；而through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如： The dog ran across the grass.这条狗跑过草地。 They walked through the forest.他们步行穿过森林。 （6）besides, except besides 意为“而且”,侧重于“除……之外,还有”,表示加上 except 意为“除……之外”。在肯定句中,侧重把except后的宾语所涉及的部分排除在外,表示减去;在否定句中,except没有排他性 例如: There was another visitor besides me. 除了我之外,还有一位拜访者。(包括“我”在内共两人) The school library opens every day except Sunday. 学校图书馆除星期天外每天都开放。(星期天不开放) beside与besides的区别。beside用作介词,相当于be the side of,强调“在……旁”的含义。 ◇考点 5 介词短语 分类 例子 介词 + 名词 at home在家里；at school在学校；at noon在中午；at night在晚上；at work在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time 同时；at times有时；at breakfast 早餐时；at midnight在午夜；at the moment在此刻；after a while 过了一会 by bus 乘公共汽车;by the way 顺便说；by the time 到……时候；by turns 轮流；by mistake错误地；by the door在门口 in hospital住院；in the hospital 在医院；in the end 最后；in order 整整齐齐；in order to 以便；in no time 很快就……；in the daytime在白天；in turn 轮流；in time 及时;in front 在前方；in English 用英语；in the future将来的某个时刻；in future(整个)将来；in fact 事实上 on the way 在路上;on Sunday 在星期天 ；on show 展出；on display 陈列；on fire 着火；on duty 值日；on the other hand 另一方面；on foot 步行；on business 出差；on board 在船(飞机)上；on holiday 在休假；on the telephone 在接(打)电话；on time 准时；on the left/right 在左边/右边；on sale 在出售；on watch 值班；on the earth 在地球上 with pleasure 很乐意；with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 be + 形容词 + 介词 be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid of害怕；be busy with 忙于做……；be good at擅长于；be full of 充满be excited about对……感到兴奋；be kind to 对……和善；be interested in 对……感兴趣be famous for 因……而著名；be late for迟到；be popular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意；be proud of 对……感到骄傲；be ready for为……准备好 be satisfied with对……满意；be worried about 为……担心 动词 + 介词 agree with 同意； ask for 请求；begin with 以……开始；come from 出生，来自；call at探访 die of 死于；get on/off 上车/下车； fill…with 用……装；fall off从……落下hear from 收到(某人)的信；hear of 听说；look at 看；go to bed 去睡觉；go to school 去上学； look for 寻找；look after 照顾listen to 听……讲话；pay for 付钱；point to 指向；point at 指着；send for派人去叫；run across 碰到；talk about 谈论；think about 考虑;wait for 等候；write to 写信给……；worry about 担心laugh at 嘲笑；fall behind 落在……后面;knock at 敲 介词 + 名词 + 介词 at the foot of在……脚下；on the top of在……顶端；in the middle of 在……中间；in the front of 在……前面；in the east of在……东部by means of借助；at the beginning of起初；by the end of 到……为止at the age of在……岁时；at the head of 在……前头 易｜错｜提｜醒 1.in front of和in the front of只差一个定冠词the，但用法不同：前者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容不存在包含关系；而后者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如： Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me. 李雷坐在我前面，而王芳坐在我的后面。 The desk is in the front of the classroom.书桌在教室的前面。 2.in the tree和on the tree都可以译为“在树上”，但用法不同：前者in the tree一般指本身不是树上的事物，而后者on the tree一般指树上本身长的东西。如： I can see some birds in the tree.我能看到树上有一些小鸟。 There are some pears on the tree.树上结了一些梨。 3.in the wall表示嵌在墙里，而on the wall表示在墙的表面。如： There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。 There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。 4.“在太阳下”用in the sun，“在某人的帮助下”用with one’s help或with the help of sb.如： Don’t read in the sun.别在太阳下看书。 With the teacher’s help，I got some progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了一些进步。 1．The school sports meeting was successfully held ________ the morning of November 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：学校运动会于2025年11月19日上午成功举行。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等；on后跟具体某一天或具体某一天的早上/下午/晚上；at后跟时刻。根据“the morning of November 19th, 2025.”可知，空后是具体的某一天的早上，需用介词on。故选B。 2．My mother usually gets up ________ 6:30 a.m. on weekdays to make breakfast for me.​ A．in B．at C．on​ 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我妈妈工作日通常在早上6:30起床给我做早餐。 考查时间介词的用法。in用于年、月、季节等时间段前；at用于具体的时间点前；on用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上前。“6:30 a.m.”是具体时间点，所以用“at”，故选B。 3．A terrible storm hit the American city of Los Angeles _______ November of 2023. A．on B．in C．of D．at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一场可怕的暴风雨在2023年11月袭击了美国城市洛杉矶。 考查时间介词的用法。on在……上（用于具体日期）；in在……期间（用于月份、年份等）；of的（表示所属）；at在（用于具体时刻）。句子中“November of 2023”表示月份，故用介词“in”。故选B。 4．He walked over and sat ________ her, saying something to the two of them. A．beside B．between C．in D．during 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他走过去坐在她旁边，对他们中的两人说着什么。 考查介词辨析。beside在……旁边；between在……之间；in在……里面；during在……期间。根据“He walked over and sat ... her, saying something to the two of them.”可知，他坐在她旁边说话。故选A。 5．The plane is flying ________ us. It is making a noise. A．above B．on C．beside 【答案】A 【解析】句意：飞机在我们上方飞行。它正在产生噪音。 考查介词辨析。above在……上方，不接触；on在……上面，接触；beside在……旁边。根据“plane”和“us”的位置关系，飞机在我们上方且不接触，above符合语境。故选A。 6．We stood ________ the big tree and watched the sun rise over the eastern mountains. A．beside B．below C．on top of D．through 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们站在大树旁，看着太阳从东边的山上升起。   考查介词辨析。beside在……旁边；below在……下方；on top of在……顶部；through穿过。根据“We stood...the big tree and watched the sun rise over the eastern mountains.”可知，此处描述的是人们站在大树的某个位置观看日出，结合常识，人们通常是站在大树旁边观看日出，因此，A选项“beside”最符合语境。故选A。 7．Shanghai lies ________ the east of China. A．to B．in C．on D．at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上海在中国的东部。 考查介词辨析。to表示在范围之外；in表示在范围之内；on表示相邻；at在。根据“Shanghai lies...the east of China.”可知，上海在中国范围之内，用介词in。故选B。 8．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．in, to B．to, in C．to, on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：台湾位于中国东南部，在福建的东部。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面，在某区域的内部；on在……上，两地接壤或有边界接触（如陆地相邻）；to到，两地不接壤且隔一定距离。台湾是属于中国的一部分，所以第一个空表示在某区域的内部，用介词in；台湾位于福建省的东南方向，但两者隔台湾海峡相望，并非接壤或同一区域，因此使用to。故选A。 9．Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely. A．about B．across C．above D．against 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Tim很善良，他经常帮助老人安全地穿过繁忙的道路。 考查介词辨析。about关于；across穿过；above在……上；against反对。根据“helps the old walk...the busy road safely”可知，此处表达穿过繁忙的道路，walk across“走过”。故选B。 10．Yang Zhenning’s life was a legend, showing how one person can shape the future ________ knowledge and hard work. A．against B．over C．through D．without 【答案】C 【解析】句意：杨振宁的生活是一个传奇，展示了一个人如何通过知识和努力工作来塑造未来。 考查介词辨析。against反对；over在……上方；through通过；without没有。根据“shape the future ... knowledge and hard work”可知，通过知识和努力来塑造未来。故选C。 11．All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他的所有家人都去无锡旅行了，包括他的叔叔。 考查介词的用法。根据“All of his family”和空格后的“his uncle”可知此处应用介词including表示包括他的叔叔在内的所有家人都去旅行了。故选B。 12．Everyone in the class passed the test ________ Lily, who was absent that day. A．except B．besides C．including D．beside 【答案】A 【解析】句意：班上所有人都通过了考试，除了莉莉，她那天缺席了。 考查介词辨析。except除……以外；besides除……外还有；including包括；beside在……旁边。根据“Lily, who was absent that day.”可知，莉莉缺席考试，因此未被包含在“通过考试”的范围内，需用表示排除的介词except。故选A。 13．—Are you an “I person” or an “E person” ________ the personality test? —It’s hard to tell. Don’t let those letters decide who you are. A．thanks to B．according to C．because of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 根据这个性格测试，你是“I型人”还是“E型人”？—— 很难说。别让那些字母定义你是谁。 考查介词短语辨析。thanks to多亏；according to根据；because of因为。根据“the personality test”可知，此处指根据测试结果来断定类型。故选B。 14．The family had a picnic in the park ________ having dinner at home last Sunday, since the weather was fine. A．as for B．because of C．instead of D．thanks to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：上周日，这家人去公园野餐了，而不是在家吃饭，因为天气很好。 考查介词词组的辨析。as for至于；because of因为；instead of而不是；thanks to多亏了。根据“since the weather was fine”可知，此处强调野餐代替了在家吃饭。instead of符合语境。故选C。 15．I am sorry for breaking the window. I didn’t do it ________. A．in need B．on purpose C．by accident 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我很抱歉打破了窗户。我不是故意做的。 考查介词短语辨析。in need困难中的；on purpose故意；by accident意外。根据“I am sorry for breaking the window. I didn’t do it...”可知，道歉表明打破窗户是意外，不是故意的，故选B。 16．—I couldn’t find my book anywhere. —Don’t worry. Maybe someone took it ________. A．by mistake B．by accident C．by chance 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我到处都找不到我的书。——别担心，可能是有人拿错了。 考查介词短语辨析。by mistake错误地；by accident偶然地；by chance碰巧地。根据“I couldn’t find my book anywhere”可知，这里需要一个表示“误拿”的短语，by mistake符合语境，说明书可能被人错误地拿走了。故选A。 17．If you are ________ at school, the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened. A．in silence B．in trouble C．in time D．in order 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你在学校遇到麻烦，你应该做的第一件事是和你的老师谈谈发生了什么。    考查介词短语。in silence沉默地；in trouble处于困境中；in time及时；in order整齐，按顺序。根据“the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened”的情境可知，遇到需要求助的情况时会找老师沟通，“be in trouble”意为“遇到麻烦、处于困境”，符合语境，故选B。 18．—How can I get better at piano lessons? —There’s no secret. You need to practice ________ every single day. A．in public B．for fun C．on purpose D．by accident 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我怎样才能在钢琴课上做得更好？——没有秘密。你需要每天有目的地练习。 考查短语辨析。in public公开地；for fun为了好玩；on purpose故意地；by accident意外地。根据“You need to practice...every single day.”可知，提高技能需要持续且有意识的努力，因此“on purpose”最符合语境，强调练习的刻意性和目的性，故选C。 19．—Will you visit your grandma ________ this weekend? —Of course! I haven’t seen her for months—talking by video call isn’t enough. A．in person B．in fact C．by mistake D．in public 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这个周末你会亲自看望你的奶奶吗？——当然！我好几个月没见到她了——视频通话不够。 考查介词短语。in person亲自；in fact事实上；by mistake错误地；in public公开地。根据“Of course! I haven’t seen her for months—talking by video call isn’t enough.”可知，需要亲自看望，强调面对面而非远程。故选A。 20．We can do a lot to help our teachers in school. ________, cleaning up the blackboard during breaks. A．In fact B．Above all C．For example D．In trouble 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们可以在学校做很多事情来帮助老师，例如在课间休息时擦黑板。   考查短语辨析。In fact事实上；Above all最重要的是；For example例如；In trouble处于困境中。“cleaning up the blackboard during breaks”是“help our teachers”的具体例子，因此选择表示举例的短语，For example符合语境。故选C。 ◇突破 1 单项选择中的介词考查 典例1—Taiwan and Hong Kong are important parts of China. —Yes, Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China and Hong Kong is ________ the south of China. A．in；on B．to；in C．in；in D．in；to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——台湾和香港是中国的重要组成部分。——是的，台湾在中国东南部，香港在中国南部。考查介词的用法。in，on，to三个词都可以表示位置关系：in表示位于一个地方的内部；on表示与某个地方接壤；to表示两个地方不接壤。根据常识，可知台湾和香港都在中国的内部，因此都应用介词in。故选C。 变式1_________ the museum, on the other side of the river, is the theatre. A．Opposite B．Below C．Between D．Without 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在博物馆的对面，河的另一边，是剧院。 考查方位介词。Opposite 在……对面；Below在……下方；Between在……中间；Without没有。根据“on the other side of the river”可知剧院在博物馆的对面，故选A。 ◇突破 2 完形填空中的名词考查 Seven Blind Mice In a forest, there lived seven blind mice. One sunny day, they ran quickly to the pond as usual and suddenly 1 a strange, huge object. Fear caught them at once, and they rushed back home, their 2 beating fast. On Monday, the red mouse felt brave. He 3 walked up to the strange thing. His little paws (爪子) moved slowly over the surface. After a while, he shouted, “It’s a pillar (柱子).”But the others didn’t 4 him at all. The next day, the green mouse ran over. He moved around it, feeling every part, and then 5 crying out, “It’s a snake! I’m sure of it.” But the yellow mouse just shook his head. On Wednesday, he walked over heavily, 6 something like a knife, and came back, shouting aloud and clearly, “It’s a knife, not a snake or a pillar.” After that, the purple mouse raised his 7 proudly and said, “You’re all wrong! It must be a great rock wall. I felt how 8 and high it was!” The orange mouse jumped up and down, waving his tiny paws. “No, no! It’s a fan (电扇). I felt the breeze 9 I touched it.” The blue mouse kicked the ground angrily, “You two are so 10 . It’s just a rope (绳子). I held it in my paws!” They kept arguing, their voices getting louder and louder, each one trying to show they were 11 . Finally, on Sunday, the white mouse bravely ran around the 12 many times, checking every small place. Then, she turned to her friends and said 13 a big smile,” It’s an elephant! It has 14 parts that feel like a pillar, a snake, a knife, a rock wall, a fan, and a rope.” The other mice followed her example and finally they all 15 . The story teaches us that knowing just a part isn’t enough. True wisdom comes from seeing the whole. 1．A．cut B．hit C．saved D．took 2．A．feet B．music C．hearts D．drums 3．A．sadly B．easily C．politely D．carefully 4．A．watch B．notice C．believe D．understand 5．A．ran back B．looked up C．set off D．shut down 6．A．sold B．made C．built D．touched 7．A．head B．flag C．hope D．level 8．A．wet B．wide C．soft D．short 9．A．so B．but C．when D．though 10．A．kind B．smart C．silly D．perfect 11．A．full B．busy C．terrible D．right 12．A．wall B．hole C．object D．rope 13．A．at B．with C．for D．from 14．A．similar B．amazing C．different D．valuable 15．A．agreed B．locked C．failed D．praised 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了七只盲鼠在森林中遇到一个奇怪的大物体，每只鼠都根据自己的触摸部分给出了不同的猜测，最后白鼠通过全面检查得出结论，这是一个大象，它有不同的部分，摸起来像药丸、蛇、刀、岩壁、扇子和绳子。故事告诉我们，只了解一部分是不够的，真正的智慧来自于看到整体。 1．句意：在一个阳光明媚的日子，他们像往常一样迅速跑到池塘边，突然撞到了一个奇怪而巨大的物体。 cut切割；hit撞击；saved拯救；took拿走。根据“a strange, huge object”可知，此处指撞到了奇怪而巨大的物体。故选B。 2．句意：恐惧立刻抓住了他们，他们冲回家，心跳得很快。 feet脚；music音乐；hearts心脏；drums鼓。根据“their...beating fast”可知，此处指心跳得很快。故选C。 3．句意：他小心翼翼地走向那个奇怪的东西。 sadly悲伤地；easily容易地；politely礼貌地；carefully小心地。根据“the red mouse felt brave”可知，这只红鼠很勇敢，所以是小心翼翼地走向奇怪的东西。故选D。 4．句意：但是其他老鼠根本不相信他。 watch观看；notice注意到；believe相信；understand理解。根据“After a while, he shouted, ‘It’s a pillar (柱子).’”可知，红鼠认为这个奇怪的东西是柱子，但是其他老鼠不相信。故选C。 5．句意：他在它周围移动，触摸每一个部分，然后跑回来，大声喊道：“这是一条蛇！我敢肯定。” ran back跑回来；looked up查阅；set off出发；shut down关闭。根据“He moved around it, feeling every part”可知，绿鼠触摸完这个奇怪的东西后，跑回来告诉其他老鼠他的发现。故选A。 6．句意：星期三，他沉重地走过去，摸了摸像刀一样的东西，然后回来，大声而清晰地喊道：“这是一把刀，不是蛇或柱子。” sold卖；made制作；built建造；touched触摸。根据“On Wednesday, he walked over heavily,...something like a knife”可知，此处指黄鼠触摸像刀一样的东西。故选D。 7．句意：之后，紫鼠骄傲地抬起头说：“你们都错了！它一定是一堵巨大的岩壁。我感受到了它的宽度和高度！” head头；flag旗帜；hope希望；level水平。根据“proudly and said”可知，此处指紫鼠骄傲地抬起头。故选A。 8．句意：之后，紫鼠骄傲地抬起头说：“你们都错了！它一定是一堵巨大的岩壁。我感受到了它的宽度和高度！” wet湿的；wide宽的；soft柔软的；short短的。根据“It must be a great rock wall.”可知，紫鼠认为这个奇怪的东西是岩壁，所以能感受到它的宽度和高度。故选B。 9．句意：当我触摸它时，我感到了微风。 so所以；but但是；when当……时候；though尽管。根据“I felt the breeze...I touched it.”可知，此处指当触摸它的时候，能感受到微风。故选C。 10．句意：你们两个太傻了。 kind善良的；smart聪明的；silly愚蠢的；perfect完美的。根据“It’s just a rope (绳子). I held it in my paws!”可知，蓝鼠认为其他两只鼠的猜测是愚蠢的。故选C。 11．句意：他们不停地争论，声音越来越大，每个人都试图表明自己是对的。 full满的；busy忙碌的；terrible可怕的；right正确的。根据“They kept arguing, their voices getting louder and louder”可知，他们不停地争论，试图表明自己是对的。故选D。 12．句意：最后，在星期天，白鼠勇敢地绕着这个物体跑了很多圈，检查了每一个小地方。 wall墙；hole洞；object物体；rope绳子。根据“Finally, on Sunday, the white mouse bravely ran around the...many times, checking every small place.”可知，此处指白鼠绕着这个奇怪的物体跑。故选C。 13．句意：然后，她转向她的朋友们，带着灿烂的笑容说：“这是一头大象！” at在；with带有；for为了；from从。根据“said...a big smile”可知，此处指带着灿烂的笑容说，with符合语境。故选B。 14．句意：它有不同的部分，摸起来像药丸、蛇、刀、岩壁、扇子和绳子。 similar相似的；amazing令人惊奇的；different不同的；valuable有价值的。根据“that feel like a pillar, a snake, a knife, a rock wall, a fan, and a rope”可知，大象有不同的部分。故选C。 15． 句意：其他老鼠以她为榜样，最后他们都同意了。 agreed同意；locked锁；failed失败；praised赞扬。根据“The other mice followed her example”可知，其他老鼠以白鼠为榜样，最后都同意了白鼠的观点。故选A。 ◇突破 3 语法填空中的介词考查 In China, there are many amazing intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). One of 1 most exciting ones is the iron flower display. It has a long history and is 2 (deep) rooted (植根于) in the local culture. The iron flower display is not only a special art form, 3 also a way to express people’s good wishes. Craftsmen heat the iron to a very high temperature until it becomes liquid (液体). Then, they use special tools to splash the liquid iron into the air. When the liquid iron meets the cold air, it 4 (turn) into beautiful sparks, just like a shower of flowers. This traditional performance usually takes place during important 5 (festival) such as the Spring Festival. People gather together to watch this 6 (wonder) show. The bright sparks light up the night sky, creating a fantastic scene. Last year, I had a chance to watch an iron flower display with my family, and we 7 (feel) amazed by the beautiful sparks. 8 (protect) and passing down the iron flower display is of great importance. It helps to keep 9 (we) traditional culture alive. More and more young people are getting interested 10 it and are learning about the skills. They hope to carry forward this unique (独特的) art form and let it shine in the future. 【答案】 1．the 2．deeply 3．but 4．turns 5．festivals 6．wonderful 7．felt 8．Protecting 9．our 10．in 【解析】文章主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产——铁花表演的历史、表演过程、举办场景及传承意义。 1．句意：最令人激动的非物质文化遗产之一是铁花表演。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。故填the。 2．句意：它有着悠久的历史，深深植根于当地文化中。deep“深的”是形容词，句中“rooted”为动词的过去分词，意为“植根于”，动词需要由副词来修饰，deep的副词形式为deeply，deeply rooted表示“深深植根于”。故填deeply。 3．句意：铁花表演不仅是一种特殊的艺术形式，也是人们表达美好愿望的一种方式。固定搭配not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，该搭配专门用于连接两个并列的成分，表递进关系。故填but。 4．句意：当铁水遇到冷空气时，就会变成美丽的火花，就像一阵花雨。句子描述的是铁水遇冷空气变成火花这一客观、固定的自然现象和表演规律，需使用一般现在时。主语it指代“the liquid iron”，为第三人称单数，谓语动词turn需变为第三人称单数形式turns。故填turns。 5．句意：这种传统表演通常在重要节日期间举行，比如春节。festival“节日”，可数名词，此处指“重要的节日”，结合常识和语境可知，“重要的节日”不止一个，需要使用festival的复数形式。故填festivals。 6．句意：人们聚集在一起观看这场精彩的表演。show是名词，意为“表演”，名词需要用形容词来修饰；wonder可作动词 (意为 “想知道”) 或名词 (意为 “奇迹”)，其对应的形容词形式是“wonderful”，意为  “精彩的”。故填wonderful。 7．句意：去年，我有机会和家人一起观看铁花表演，美丽的火花让我们感到惊叹。句中时间状语Last year表明动作发生在过去，因此谓语动词需用过去式，feel的过去式是felt。故填felt。 8．句意：保护和传承铁花表演具有重要意义。and连接两个并列成分共同作主语，and后的passing down是动名词形式，根据并列结构的一致性原则，空格处也需用动名词形式。protect“保护”，动词，动名词是 protecting，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Protecting。 9．句意：它有助于让我们的传统文化保持活力。 we“我们”，是人称代词主格空后“traditional culture”是名词短语，意为“传统文化”，需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，we的形容词性物主代词是our，意为“我们的”。故填our。 10．句意：越来越多的年轻人对它产生了兴趣，并开始学习相关技艺。 “get interested in...”是固定搭配，意为 “对……产生兴趣”。故填in。 ◇难点 1 时间介词in/on at 典例1The little girl was born ________ a cold winter morning. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：小女孩出生在一个寒冷的冬日早晨。 考查时间介词的用法。in用于年、月、季节等；on表示在具体某一天的早、中、晚；at后加时刻；for加时间段。根据“...a cold winter morning”可知，出生时间具体到了“寒冷的一个冬季早晨”，故选B。 变式1 The concert will be held ________ the afternoon of May 1st, 2025. A．on B．in C．at D．for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：音乐会将于2025年5月1日下午举行。 考查时间介词。on用在日期、星期、具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上等之前；in用在年份、月份等之前；at用在具体时刻、年龄等之前；for用在一段时间之前。题干中“the afternoon of May 1st, 2025”是具体某一天的下午，因此用on。故选A。 ◇难点 2 方位介词in/on /to 典例2 Xizang is ________ the southwest of China. A．on B．in C．to D．off 【答案】B 【解析】句意：西藏在中国的西南部。 考查地点方位介词。on表示接壤；in表示在范围内；to在某范围之外；off从……离开。根据常识可知，西藏是中国的一部分，应用介词in。故选B。 变式2 — Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February. — Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ________ the south of China, ________ the south of Henan. A．in; to B．on; to C．in; on D．on; in 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——很多医生和护士在二月去了湖北。——湖北离黑龙江很远。它在中国南部，河南的南部。 考查方位介词。in表位置，“在内部”；to表位置，“在……面”，有一定距离；on表位置，比邻。根据常识可知，湖北在中国内部的南部，用介词in，湖北在河南的南部，相邻的位置，用介词on。故选C。 ◇难点 3 介词辨析 典例3I left my key in the room yesterday. I had to get in ________ the window. A．across B．over C．through D．above 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天我将我的钥匙落在房间里。我不得不跳窗进入。 考查介词辨析。across“穿过（从表面穿过）”；over“穿过（从上方穿过）”；through“穿过（从内部穿过）”；above“在……上方”。根据“the window”可知，表示“从窗户内部穿过”，故选C。 变式3Amy has changed a lot. She stood ________ me just now, but I didn’t recognize(认出)her. A．over B．opposite C．across D．through 【答案】B 【解析】句意：艾米变化很大。她站在我的对面，但是我没有认出她。 考查介词辨析。over在……上方；opposite在……对面；across穿过（表面）；through穿过（内部）。根据“Amy has changed a lot...but I didn’t recognize (认出) her”可知，艾米变化之大，站在我对面我都没认出来。故选B。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th. A．in B．at C．on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：每年，来自世界各地的游客都会来到哈尔滨，于1月5日庆祝哈尔滨国际冰雪节。 考查介词辨析。in在……里，通常用于月份、年份或季节；at在，通常用于具体时间点；on在……上，通常用于具体日期或星期几。根据“January 5th.”可知，此处指的是具体日期，应用on。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast. A．in B．of C．at D．on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杰克早上起得很早。他经常在早餐前跑步。 考查介词词义辨析。in表示时间时，常表示在早晨、下午或晚上；of……的；at表示时间时，后跟具体时刻；on表示时间时，用于某天的前面。句中“the morning”指的是在早上，应用介词in。故选A。 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old. A．besides B．except C．beside 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我家里每个人都做家务，除了我弟弟，因为他只有10个月大。 考查介词辨析。besides除了，包括在内；except除了，不包括在内；beside在旁边。根据“Everyone in my family does chores...my little brother because he is only 10 months old.”可知除了弟弟每个人都要做家务，因为他只有10个月大，所以是不包括他，用介词except。故选B。 4．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：2025年2月19日，西藏开通了首条飞往香港的航线。 考查介词辨析。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天；at在某时刻。空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选B。 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go. A．To B．At C．On D．In 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在2016年，人工智能程序Alphago在古老的围棋比赛中击败了一个人。 考查介词辨析。to到；at在某时刻；on在某一天；in在某年某月某季节。空后是具体年份，用介词In。故选D。 6．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall. A．against B．with C．except D．among 【答案】B 【解析】句意：立夏，即夏天的开始，是气温迅速上升并伴随更多降雨的时节。 考查介词辨析。against紧靠；with和；except除了；among在……中。根据“when the temperature increases quickly...heavier rainfall.”可知，此处表示伴随，用介词with，表示“气温迅速上升并伴随更多降雨”。故选B。 7．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Harbin holds the “Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival” ________ January 5th every year. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：哈尔滨在每年1月5日举办“哈尔滨国际冰雪节”。 考查时间介词用法。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；in后接某年某月某季节；to到。“January 5th”是具体的一天，介词用on，故选B。 8．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Fan Jinshi, born _______ 1938, has devoted all her time to protecting Dunhuang cultural heritage. A．at B．on C．in D．by 【答案】C 【解析】句意：樊锦诗，1938年出生，毕生致力于敦煌文化遗产保护。 考查介词辨析。at其后加时间点等；on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；by到……为止。“1938”是年份，用介词in。故选C。 9．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】B 【解析】句意：嫦娥六号在2024年6月2日成功登上月球背面。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前面；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；to表示方向或目的地；in用于年、月、季节的前面。根据“June 2, 2024”可知是具体的某一天，因此应用介词on。故选B。 10．（2024·福建·中考真题）A special festival was held ________ September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers. A．in B．for C．on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：去年9月23日举行了一个特别的节日，以纪念中国农民的辛勤劳动。 考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚等；for其后加一段时间；on其后加星期或具体的某天。“September 23rd”是具体的某天，用介词on，故选C。 11．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou. A．to B．on C．at D．in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：马可波罗纪念馆位于扬州东关街东端。 考查介词辨析。to到；on在……上面；at在；in在……里面。此处指纪念馆位于扬州……，in Yangzhou“在扬州”，应用介词in。故选D。 12．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）The bird in Picture ________ is between the boxes. A． B． C． D． 【答案】A 【解析】句意：图片A中的鸟在两个盒子之间。 考查常识。根据图片可知，A选项中的鸟在两个盒子之间。故选A。 13．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game? —No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn’t see the players at all. A．next to B．across from C．in front of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你看排球比赛玩得开心吗？——不。一个高个子男人站在我面前。我根本看不见球员。 考查地点介词。next to在……旁边；across from在……对面；in front of在……前面。根据“A tall man stood … me. I couldn’t see the players at all”可知，看不见球员，所以是这个男人站在了我前面，故选C。 14．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）We can go to school ________ bike to make our city greener. A．by B．on C．in 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们可以骑自行车去上学，使我们的城市更环保。 考查介词辨析。by乘；on在上面；in在里面。by bike“骑自行车”，固定用法，故选A。 15．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．except D．till 【答案】C 【解析】句意：除了去年，我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，因为他在常州工作很忙。 考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；except除了；till直到。根据“My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，故选C。 二、完形填空 When I was 14, I was hired for an after-school job selling subscriptions (订阅) for my hometown paper, The Houston Post. I was 1 to some of the city’s worst neighborhoods to sell it from door to door. 2 I was often struggling around after dark in the bad areas, I was still 3 for the work. It was a 4 because people didn’t like a stranger knocking on their doors, 5 a kid trying to get them to buy something. One time, a man 6 his door heavily in my face and screamed in a(n) 7 voice, “I don’t want any paper.” I 8 myself to knock again and eventually was able to tell him how great the paper was. I 9 selling him a subscription. I was soon among the 10 subscription sellers and like other successful salesmen, was given 11 for training newcomers. Around that time I started playing the guitar. Before long I was playing in a 12 at chili cook-offs and other events. When I turned 18, I 13 my attention on becoming a professional 14 . I never lost sight of this dream. That experience helped me in many ways. I’m sure my perseverance (坚持) came from what I learned from knocking on 15 doors. 1．A．sent B．exchanged C．turned D．warned 2．A．Even though B．When C．As though D．Because 3．A．fearful B．grateful C．terrible D．careful 4．A．problem B．trouble C．challenge D．fortune 5．A．mostly B．generally C．naturally D．especially 6．A．pulled B．opened C．pushed D．shut 7．A．soft B．angry C．happy D．sad 8．A．asked B．forced C．advised D．told 9．A．ended up B．hold up C．picked up D．gave up 10．A．rich B．bottom C．fast D．top 11．A．responsibility B．condition C．freedom D．time 12．A．band B．concert C．club D．party 13．A．caused B．changed C．focused D．thought 14．A．director B．teacher C．musician D．manager 15．A．sellers’ B．friends’ C．neighbors’ D．strangers’ 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者成为职业音乐家之前卖报纸的经历，这段经历让他明白永不放弃自己的梦想，最终才能获得成功的道理。 1．句意：我被派到这座城市一些最糟糕的街区去挨家挨户推销报纸。 sent派遣；exchanged交换；turned转变；warned警告。根据“to some of the city’s worst neighborhoods to sell it from door to door”可知，是被派遣到这些街区。故选A。 2．句意：尽管我经常在天黑后在治安不好的区域艰难奔波，但我仍然很感激这份工作。 Even though尽管；When当……时；As though好像；Because因为。前后句是让步关系，Even though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 3．句意：尽管我经常在天黑后在治安不好的区域艰难奔波，但我仍然很感激这份工作。 fearful害怕的；grateful感激的；terrible糟糕的；careful仔细的。根据“Even though I was often struggling around after dark in the bad areas”可知，前后表示转折，作者对这份工作是感激的。故选B。 4．句意：这是一项挑战，因为人们不喜欢陌生人敲门，尤其是一个试图让他们买东西的孩子。 problem问题；trouble麻烦；challenge挑战；fortune运气。根据“because people didn’t like a stranger knocking on their doors”可知，上门推销遇到阻力，所以是一项挑战。故选C。 5．句意：这是一项挑战，因为人们不喜欢陌生人敲门，尤其是一个试图让他们买东西的孩子。 mostly主要地；generally通常；naturally自然地；especially尤其。根据“a kid trying to get them to buy something”可知，此处强调“一个孩子推销”这种情况更让人生厌，表递进。故选D。 6．句意：有一次，一个男人当着我的面重重地关上了门，用愤怒的声音尖叫：“我不想要任何报纸。” pulled拉；opened打开；pushed推；shut关闭。根据“his door heavily in my face”可知，是关门的动作。故选D。 7．句意：有一次，一个男人当着我的面重重地关上了门，用愤怒的声音尖叫：“我不想要任何报纸。” soft软的；angry愤怒的；happy开心的；sad悲伤的。根据“shut his door heavily in my face and screamed”可知，男人关门并尖叫，语气是愤怒的。故选B。 8．句意：我强迫自己再次敲门，最终得以告诉他这份报纸有多好。 asked询问；forced强迫；advised建议；told告诉。根据“to knock again”可知，被拒绝后还能再次敲门，是强迫自己。故选B。 9．句意：我最终成功向他推销了一份订阅。 ended up最终；hold up举起；picked up捡起；gave up放弃。根据“eventually was able to tell him how great the paper was”可知，最终成功推销。故选A。 10．句意：我很快就跻身顶级订阅推销员之列，和其他成功的推销员一样，被赋予了培训新人的责任。 rich富有的；bottom底部；fast快的；top顶级的。根据“like other successful salesmen”可知，此处指跻身顶级订阅推销员之列，among the top“在顶级之列”。故选D。 11．句意：我很快就跻身顶级订阅推销员之列，和其他成功的推销员一样，被赋予了培训新人的责任。 responsibility责任；condition条件；freedom自由；time时间。根据“training newcomers”可知，培训新人是一种责任。故选A。 12．句意：不久以后，我就参加了一个乐队，开始在辣椒烹饪比赛和其他活动中表演。 band乐队；concert音乐会；club俱乐部；party派对。根据“I started playing the guitar”可知，弹吉他通常在乐队里演奏。故选A。 13．句意：18岁时，我把注意力集中在成为一名职业音乐家上。 caused导致；changed改变；focused集中；thought思考。“focus one’s attention on”是固定搭配，意为“把注意力集中在……上”。故选C。 14．句意：18岁时，我把注意力集中在成为一名职业音乐家上。 director导演；teacher老师；musician音乐家；manager经理。弹吉他属于音乐领域，所以是成为音乐家。故选C。 15．句意：我确信我的毅力来自于我从敲陌生人的门中学到的东西。 sellers’推销员的；friends’朋友的；neighbors’邻居的；strangers’陌生人的。根据“because people didn’t like a stranger knocking on their doors”可知，上门推销敲的是陌生人的门。故选D。 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 介词和介词短语 目 录 目标导图 考点深解 考点1 时间介词 考点2 方位介词 考点3 方式介词 考点4 其它介词 考点5 介词短语 命题突破 突破1 单项选择题中的介词考查 突破2 完形填空中的介词考查 突破3 语法填空中的介词考查 重难攻坚 攻坚1 时间介词 攻坚2 方位介词 攻坚3 其它介词 练测提能 介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其他某个成分之间的关系。介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。 ◇考点 1 时间介词 in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后 on在(某日) at在… (时刻) during在…期间 before在…以前 after在…以后 from从…(时)起(to ) by到…为止(by far,by now) about大约... until直到…时 for有…(之久) since自从…(至今) （1）时间介词in、on、at的用法区别： in表示在一段时间里 (在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后in 10 days), 用in来表示一天中的早中晚，月份，季节或年份 in the morning/afternoon/evening在早晨，下午，晚上 in January/February在一月，二月 in Spring在春天 in 2020 在2020年 in the 1990s 在十九世纪九十年代 I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, 表示在星期几/某日 on Monday ：在星期一 on January fifth：在1月5日 on Christmas Day ：在圣诞节那一天 也可用at Christmas on New Year's Day：在新年那天 on Friday morning/on a cold/warm/hot/cool morning 如：He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ 用 at 来表示在某一刻： at dawn/daybreak:在黎明 at six:在6点钟 at night/midnight:在晚上/午夜 用 at 来表示在……岁时 at sixteen/at the age of sixteen ：16岁的时候 in年in月on日期 at在具体时刻 from 从什么时候，from...to... for...一段时间 I have lived here for 10 years.] ◇考点 2 方位介词 in在...里面 on在...上面 at在…处 between在...之间 over在....上方(正) under在...下方 above在…前 below低于... in front of在...前 behind在...后, up在...上面 near靠近... around在…周围 among在…中间 along在…近旁, 中间 by在...旁 against倚着... beside在...旁边 across在…对面 close to靠近... 1.方位介词at ，in， on， to， At A.表示在小地方;B.表示“在„„附近，旁边”。arrive in 大地点（城市以上） arrive at 小地点（城市以下） in A表示 在大地方; B.表示“在„范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在„„上面”。 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” next to 2.方位介词above，over，on 在……上 above 指在……上方，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方(正上方)，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3.below，under 在...下面 under表示在...正下方 below表示在...下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4.in front of，in the front of在...前面 in front of…意思是“在...前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在„„的后面）。 There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是“在...的前部”，即甲物在乙物的前部.反义词是at the back of…（在„„范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) ◇考点 3 方式介词 as作为/当作... by用/由/乘坐/被... in用…(语言) like与…一样 on骑(车)/徒(步), 通过(收音机/电视机) through通过... with用(材料)， 用(手/脚/耳/眼) without没有… over通过(收音机) by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。with表示行为动作的工具，后面的名词一般要有冠词；by表示动作的手段,后面的名词一律不带冠词。 如：We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路) Please write that article(文章) in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章) Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。) It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的) ◇考点 4 其它介词 about关于... except除了… besides除了…还... to对…而言 for对于/就…而言 of…的,有关... on关于/有关... towards针对... in在…(方面) with就…而言 易｜错｜提｜醒 （1） this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。 如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇) He had a bad cold that week.(那个星期他患重感冒) （2）介词后跟动名词 do well in dancing 擅长跳舞be good at swimming 擅长游泳how about going traveling 去旅/么样be fond of cycling 酷爱骑行,be busy for doing忙于做某事,Thanks for doing感谢做某事 （3）from...to...: Lunch is from eleven to two. 从十一点到两点开午饭. How far is it from your office to the bank? 从你办公室到银行有多远? （4）.instead of意为“代替”，后面接名词、代词或动名词；而instead是副词，意为“代替，顶替”，在句子中作状语，后面不能接任何成分。如： He will go instead of me.他将代替我去。 She went to school instead of staying at home.她没有待在家里而是上学去了。 Give me this instead.换这个给我吧。 （5）.across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同：across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；而through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如： The dog ran across the grass.这条狗跑过草地。 They walked through the forest.他们步行穿过森林。 （6）besides, except besides 意为“而且”,侧重于“除……之外,还有”,表示加上 except 意为“除……之外”。在肯定句中,侧重把except后的宾语所涉及的部分排除在外,表示减去;在否定句中,except没有排他性 例如: There was another visitor besides me. 除了我之外,还有一位拜访者。(包括“我”在内共两人) The school library opens every day except Sunday. 学校图书馆除星期天外每天都开放。(星期天不开放) beside与besides的区别。beside用作介词,相当于be the side of,强调“在……旁”的含义。 ◇考点 5 介词短语 分类 例子 介词 + 名词 at home在家里；at school在学校；at noon在中午；at night在晚上；at work在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time 同时；at times有时；at breakfast 早餐时；at midnight在午夜；at the moment在此刻；after a while 过了一会 by bus 乘公共汽车;by the way 顺便说；by the time 到……时候；by turns 轮流；by mistake错误地；by the door在门口 in hospital住院；in the hospital 在医院；in the end 最后；in order 整整齐齐；in order to 以便；in no time 很快就……；in the daytime在白天；in turn 轮流；in time 及时;in front 在前方；in English 用英语；in the future将来的某个时刻；in future(整个)将来；in fact 事实上 on the way 在路上;on Sunday 在星期天 ；on show 展出；on display 陈列；on fire 着火；on duty 值日；on the other hand 另一方面；on foot 步行；on business 出差；on board 在船(飞机)上；on holiday 在休假；on the telephone 在接(打)电话；on time 准时；on the left/right 在左边/右边；on sale 在出售；on watch 值班；on the earth 在地球上 with pleasure 很乐意；with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 be + 形容词 + 介词 be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid of害怕；be busy with 忙于做……；be good at擅长于；be full of 充满be excited about对……感到兴奋；be kind to 对……和善；be interested in 对……感兴趣be famous for 因……而著名；be late for迟到；be popular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意；be proud of 对……感到骄傲；be ready for为……准备好 be satisfied with对……满意；be worried about 为……担心 动词 + 介词 agree with 同意； ask for 请求；begin with 以……开始；come from 出生，来自；call at探访 die of 死于；get on/off 上车/下车； fill…with 用……装；fall off从……落下hear from 收到(某人)的信；hear of 听说；look at 看；go to bed 去睡觉；go to school 去上学； look for 寻找；look after 照顾listen to 听……讲话；pay for 付钱；point to 指向；point at 指着；send for派人去叫；run across 碰到；talk about 谈论；think about 考虑;wait for 等候；write to 写信给……；worry about 担心laugh at 嘲笑；fall behind 落在……后面;knock at 敲 介词 + 名词 + 介词 at the foot of在……脚下；on the top of在……顶端；in the middle of 在……中间；in the front of 在……前面；in the east of在……东部by means of借助；at the beginning of起初；by the end of 到……为止at the age of在……岁时；at the head of 在……前头 易｜错｜提｜醒 1.in front of和in the front of只差一个定冠词the，但用法不同：前者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容不存在包含关系；而后者意为“在……的前面”，前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如： Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me. 李雷坐在我前面，而王芳坐在我的后面。 The desk is in the front of the classroom.书桌在教室的前面。 2.in the tree和on the tree都可以译为“在树上”，但用法不同：前者in the tree一般指本身不是树上的事物，而后者on the tree一般指树上本身长的东西。如： I can see some birds in the tree.我能看到树上有一些小鸟。 There are some pears on the tree.树上结了一些梨。 3.in the wall表示嵌在墙里，而on the wall表示在墙的表面。如： There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。 There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。 4.“在太阳下”用in the sun，“在某人的帮助下”用with one’s help或with the help of sb.如： Don’t read in the sun.别在太阳下看书。 With the teacher’s help，I got some progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了一些进步。 1．The school sports meeting was successfully held ________ the morning of November 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 2．My mother usually gets up ________ 6:30 a.m. on weekdays to make breakfast for me.​ A．in B．at C．on​ 3．A terrible storm hit the American city of Los Angeles _______ November of 2023. A．on B．in C．of D．at 4．He walked over and sat ________ her, saying something to the two of them. A．beside B．between C．in D．during 5．The plane is flying ________ us. It is making a noise. A．above B．on C．beside 6．We stood ________ the big tree and watched the sun rise over the eastern mountains. A．beside B．below C．on top of D．through 7．Shanghai lies ________ the east of China. A．to B．in C．on D．at 8．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．in, to B．to, in C．to, on 9．Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely. A．about B．across C．above D．against 10．Yang Zhenning’s life was a legend, showing how one person can shape the future ________ knowledge and hard work. A．against B．over C．through D．without 11．All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 12．Everyone in the class passed the test ________ Lily, who was absent that day. A．except B．besides C．including D．beside 13．—Are you an “I person” or an “E person” ________ the personality test? —It’s hard to tell. Don’t let those letters decide who you are. A．thanks to B．according to C．because of 14．The family had a picnic in the park ________ having dinner at home last Sunday, since the weather was fine. A．as for B．because of C．instead of D．thanks to 15．I am sorry for breaking the window. I didn’t do it ________. A．in need B．on purpose C．by accident 16．—I couldn’t find my book anywhere. —Don’t worry. Maybe someone took it ________. A．by mistake B．by accident C．by chance 17．If you are ________ at school, the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened. A．in silence B．in trouble C．in time D．in order 18．—How can I get better at piano lessons? —There’s no secret. You need to practice ________ every single day. A．in public B．for fun C．on purpose D．by accident 19．—Will you visit your grandma ________ this weekend? —Of course! I haven’t seen her for months—talking by video call isn’t enough. A．in person B．in fact C．by mistake D．in public 20．We can do a lot to help our teachers in school. ________, cleaning up the blackboard during breaks. A．In fact B．Above all C．For example D．In trouble ◇突破 1 单项选择中的介词考查 典例1—Taiwan and Hong Kong are important parts of China. —Yes, Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China and Hong Kong is ________ the south of China. A．in；on B．to；in C．in；in D．in；to 变式1_________ the museum, on the other side of the river, is the theatre. A．Opposite B．Below C．Between D．Without ◇突破 2 完形填空中的名词考查 Seven Blind Mice In a forest, there lived seven blind mice. One sunny day, they ran quickly to the pond as usual and suddenly 1 a strange, huge object. Fear caught them at once, and they rushed back home, their 2 beating fast. On Monday, the red mouse felt brave. He 3 walked up to the strange thing. His little paws (爪子) moved slowly over the surface. After a while, he shouted, “It’s a pillar (柱子).”But the others didn’t 4 him at all. The next day, the green mouse ran over. He moved around it, feeling every part, and then 5 crying out, “It’s a snake! I’m sure of it.” But the yellow mouse just shook his head. On Wednesday, he walked over heavily, 6 something like a knife, and came back, shouting aloud and clearly, “It’s a knife, not a snake or a pillar.” After that, the purple mouse raised his 7 proudly and said, “You’re all wrong! It must be a great rock wall. I felt how 8 and high it was!” The orange mouse jumped up and down, waving his tiny paws. “No, no! It’s a fan (电扇). I felt the breeze 9 I touched it.” The blue mouse kicked the ground angrily, “You two are so 10 . It’s just a rope (绳子). I held it in my paws!” They kept arguing, their voices getting louder and louder, each one trying to show they were 11 . Finally, on Sunday, the white mouse bravely ran around the 12 many times, checking every small place. Then, she turned to her friends and said 13 a big smile,” It’s an elephant! It has 14 parts that feel like a pillar, a snake, a knife, a rock wall, a fan, and a rope.” The other mice followed her example and finally they all 15 . The story teaches us that knowing just a part isn’t enough. True wisdom comes from seeing the whole. 1．A．cut B．hit C．saved D．took 2．A．feet B．music C．hearts D．drums 3．A．sadly B．easily C．politely D．carefully 4．A．watch B．notice C．believe D．understand 5．A．ran back B．looked up C．set off D．shut down 6．A．sold B．made C．built D．touched 7．A．head B．flag C．hope D．level 8．A．wet B．wide C．soft D．short 9．A．so B．but C．when D．though 10．A．kind B．smart C．silly D．perfect 11．A．full B．busy C．terrible D．right 12．A．wall B．hole C．object D．rope 13．A．at B．with C．for D．from 14．A．similar B．amazing C．different D．valuable 15．A．agreed B．locked C．failed D．praised ◇突破 3 语法填空中的介词考查 In China, there are many amazing intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). One of 1 most exciting ones is the iron flower display. It has a long history and is 2 (deep) rooted (植根于) in the local culture. The iron flower display is not only a special art form, 3 also a way to express people’s good wishes. Craftsmen heat the iron to a very high temperature until it becomes liquid (液体). Then, they use special tools to splash the liquid iron into the air. When the liquid iron meets the cold air, it 4 (turn) into beautiful sparks, just like a shower of flowers. This traditional performance usually takes place during important 5 (festival) such as the Spring Festival. People gather together to watch this 6 (wonder) show. The bright sparks light up the night sky, creating a fantastic scene. Last year, I had a chance to watch an iron flower display with my family, and we 7 (feel) amazed by the beautiful sparks. 8 (protect) and passing down the iron flower display is of great importance. It helps to keep 9 (we) traditional culture alive. More and more young people are getting interested 10 it and are learning about the skills. They hope to carry forward this unique (独特的) art form and let it shine in the future. ◇难点 1 时间介词in/on at 典例1The little girl was born ________ a cold winter morning. A．in B．on C．at D．for 变式1 The concert will be held ________ the afternoon of May 1st, 2025. A．on B．in C．at D．for ◇难点 2 方位介词in/on /to 典例2 Xizang is ________ the southwest of China. A．on B．in C．to D．off 变式2 — Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February. — Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ________ the south of China, ________ the south of Henan. A．in; to B．on; to C．in; on D．on; in ◇难点 3 介词辨析 典例3I left my key in the room yesterday. I had to get in ________ the window. A．across B．over C．through D．above 变式3Amy has changed a lot. She stood ________ me just now, but I didn’t recognize(认出)her. A．over B．opposite C．across D．through 一、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th. A．in B．at C．on 2．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast. A．in B．of C．at D．on 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old. A．besides B．except C．beside 4．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go. A．To B．At C．On D．In 6．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall. A．against B．with C．except D．among 7．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Harbin holds the “Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival” ________ January 5th every year. A．at B．on C．in D．to 8．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Fan Jinshi, born _______ 1938, has devoted all her time to protecting Dunhuang cultural heritage. A．at B．on C．in D．by 9．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 10．（2024·福建·中考真题）A special festival was held ________ September 23rd last year to honor the hard work of Chinese farmers. A．in B．for C．on 11．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou. A．to B．on C．at D．in 12．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）The bird in Picture ________ is between the boxes. A． B． C． D． 13．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game? —No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn’t see the players at all. A．next to B．across from C．in front of 14．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）We can go to school ________ bike to make our city greener. A．by B．on C．in 15．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．except D．till 二、完形填空 When I was 14, I was hired for an after-school job selling subscriptions (订阅) for my hometown paper, The Houston Post. I was 1 to some of the city’s worst neighborhoods to sell it from door to door. 2 I was often struggling around after dark in the bad areas, I was still 3 for the work. It was a 4 because people didn’t like a stranger knocking on their doors, 5 a kid trying to get them to buy something. One time, a man 6 his door heavily in my face and screamed in a(n) 7 voice, “I don’t want any paper.” I 8 myself to knock again and eventually was able to tell him how great the paper was. I 9 selling him a subscription. I was soon among the 10 subscription sellers and like other successful salesmen, was given 11 for training newcomers. Around that time I started playing the guitar. Before long I was playing in a 12 at chili cook-offs and other events. When I turned 18, I 13 my attention on becoming a professional 14 . I never lost sight of this dream. That experience helped me in many ways. I’m sure my perseverance (坚持) came from what I learned from knocking on 15 doors. 1．A．sent B．exchanged C．turned D．warned 2．A．Even though B．When C．As though D．Because 3．A．fearful B．grateful C．terrible D．careful 4．A．problem B．trouble C．challenge D．fortune 5．A．mostly B．generally C．naturally D．especially 6．A．pulled B．opened C．pushed D．shut 7．A．soft B．angry C．happy D．sad 8．A．asked B．forced C．advised D．told 9．A．ended up B．hold up C．picked up D．gave up 10．A．rich B．bottom C．fast D．top 11．A．responsibility B．condition C．freedom D．time 12．A．band B．concert C．club D．party 13．A．caused B．changed C．focused D．thought 14．A．director B．teacher C．musician D．manager 15．A．sellers’ B．friends’ C．neighbors’ D．strangers’ 2 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $