选择性必修第二册 UNIT 5 EDUCATION（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版）

任务(一)　单词背诵 重点词汇 1．facilitate　　　　 vt.促进；使便利 2．cultivate vt.培养，养成(技能、态度或素质) 3．fellow man 人类 4．philosopher n．哲学家 5．enlighten vt.启迪；指导，教导 6．doll n．玩偶 7．initially adv.起初 8．imitation n．模仿，仿效 9．violet n．紫罗兰 10．ray n．(太阳或月亮的)光线 11．concept n．概念；想法 12．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展 13．necklace n．项链 14．well­rounded adj.多面的，全面的 15．cognition n．认识，认知 16．core adj.核心的 17．insight n．洞察力；顿悟 18．civil adj.文明的，有礼貌的；公民的 19．integrity n．正直，诚实；完整 20．acquisition 　　 n．获得，习得 21．economics n．经济学 22．uncritically adv.无鉴别力地；不加批评地 23．respectively adv.各自地 24．initiative n．主动性 25．autonomous adj.自主的；自治的 26．demonstrate vt.展示；说明 27．royal adj.皇家的；王室的 28．primitive adj.原始的 29．BCE 公元前 30．prison n．监狱 31．conventional adj.守旧的；传统的 32．kingdom n．王国 33．civilisation n．文明 34．apron n．围裙 35．entitle vt.名为……；使有权利 36．imply vt.意味着…… 37．overall adj.全部的 38．preoccupied adj.全神贯注的 39．philosophy n．思想体系；哲学 写作词汇 1．a decision of major significance具有重大意义的决定 2．insist on the highest standards 坚持最高标准 3．severe restrictions 严格限制 4．a stubborn old man 一位固执的老人 5．a growing tendency 日益增长的趋势 6．this superb new technique 这项高超的新技术 7．eyesight problems 视力问题 8．relate new ideas to their past experiences把新想法与他们的以往经历相联系 9．liquid, gas and solid 液体、气体和固体 10．spend precious time together 共度宝贵时光 11．a gradual and painful process一个渐进而痛苦的过程 12．expand your vocabulary 扩大你的词汇量 13．put her arm gently round me用她的手臂轻柔地抱住我 14．an apparent change 显而易见的变化 15．on the cuts on her forehead在前额的伤口上 16．vivid memories清晰的记忆 17．pursue her dream 追求她的梦想 18．develop critical thinking skills培养批判思考的技巧 19．moral values 道德价值观 20．regardless of background and circumstances无论背景和境况如何 21．honest and truthful citizens 诚实守信的公民 22．one of the most brilliant minds最有才气的人之一 23．obvious reasons 显而易见的原因 24．the worthy search for knowledge对知识的有价值的探索 25．go to church 去教堂 26．the centre of the universe 宇宙的中心 27．a vital component 一个必不可少的因素 28．the dignity of mankind 人类的尊严 29．break the routine 打破常规 30．the motions of the planet 行星的运动 31．school timetable 学校的课程表 32．have a facility for languages有语言天赋 拓展词汇 1． consistent adj. 　 一贯的，一致的 consist vi. 由……组成；在于 2． analyse vt. 分析，剖析 analysis n. 分析，剖析 3． educator n. 教育工作者 educate vt. 教育；教导，指导 education n. 教育 educational adj. 教育(方面)的；有教育意义的 educationalist n. 教育(学)家 4． evaluate vt. 评估，评价 evaluation n. 评估，评价 5． exceptionally adv. 极其，非常；例外地；罕见地 exceptional adj. 杰出的，非凡的；例外的 exception n. 例外；除外 except prep. 除了……之外 6． restriction n. 限制，规定，约束 restrict vt. 限制，约束 restrictive adj. 限制性的，约束的 7． unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的 bear vt. 忍受；承受 bearable adj. 可以忍受的 8． troublesome adj. 令人烦恼的；引起麻烦的 trouble n. 问题，麻烦 9． excitement n. 兴奋，激动 excite vt. 使激动；使兴奋 excited adj. 激动的 exciting adj. 令人激动的 10．painful adj. 令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的 painfully adv. 令人痛苦地；艰难地 pain n. 痛；痛苦 11．enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的 enthusiastically adv. 热情地，热心地 enthusiasm n. 热情 12．expand vi.& vt. (使)扩大；增加；详述，充分叙述 expansion n. 扩大；扩充；扩张 13．puzzle vt.　　　 　 使困惑，使迷惑 n. 谜；难题 puzzling adj. 令人困惑的；费解的 puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的 14．disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 disappoint vt. (使)失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望 15．contribute vi.& vt. 奉献，捐献 contribution n. 奉献，捐献 16．finance n. 金融；财政 financial adj. 金融的；财政的 17．expose vt. 使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露 exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的 exposure n. 接触；暴露 18．surrounding adj. 四周的，附近的 surround vt. 包围；围绕 surroundings n. 环境 19．judgement n. 判断力；意见，评价；判决 judge v. 判断 n. 法官；审判员 20．behave vi. 表现 behavio(u)r n. 表现；行为 21．conclusion n. 结论 conclude vt. 推断出；得出结论 vi. 结束，终结 22．definition n. 定义，释义 define vt. 下定义；界定 23．responsibility n. 责任 responsible adj. 有责任的 24．priority n. 优先处理的事；优先权 prior adj. 优先的；较重要的；先前的；较早的 25．stimulate vt. 刺激，促使，促进 stimulation n. 刺激，激励，激发 26．assess vt. 评价 assessment n. 评价；估价 27．inefficient adj.　　 效率低的，能力差的 efficient adj. 效率高的；有能力的 efficiency n. 效率 28．approve vt. 赞成；赞许；批准 approving adj. 赞成的；赞许的；同意的 approval n. 赞成；赞许；批准 disapprove vt. 不赞成，反对 29．urge vt. 强烈要求；敦促 urgent adj. 紧急的 urgency n. 急迫；急事 30．assumption n. 假定，假设 assume vt. 假定，假设 assuming conj. 假设；假定 31．respected adj.　　 受尊敬的，受敬重的 respect vt. 尊敬 n. 尊敬；方面 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；得体的 respectful adj. 尊敬的；恭敬的 32．wisdom n. 智慧 wise adj. 明智的 33．beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 benefit vt. 对……有益 vi. 受益于 n. 利益 34．arrange vt. 排列，布置 arrangement n. 排列，布置 教材外课标词汇 1．passive /'pæsɪv/ adj.被动的；顺从的 2．patent /'peɪtnt/ n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 3．peak /piːk/ n．顶峰；山峰；尖形 4．pepper /'pepə(r)/ n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 5．per /pə(r)/ prep.每；每一 6．petrol /'petr(ə)l/ n．(NAmE gas) 汽油 7．phase /feɪz/ n．阶段；时期 8．pill /pɪl/ n．药丸；药片 9．pipe /paɪp/ n．管子；管道 10．plain /pleɪn/ n．平原 adj.简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 11．pond /pɔnd/ n．池塘；水池 12．pork /pɔːk/ n．猪肉 一词多义 1．abstract ①adj.抽象的 ②n.摘要vt.把……抽象出；提取；抽取；写出(书等的)摘要 2．objective ①n.目的，目标 ②adj.客观的 3．rank ①n.等级；地位；行列，队列 ②vt.& vi.把……分等级；属于某等级 熟词生义 1．straightforward [常见义]adj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的→[生僻义]adv.直截了当地，坦率地 2．stream [常见义]n.水流；小河→[生僻义]vt.& vi.流；流动；流出 n．一连串；(人/车)流；气流 3．gain [常见义]vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益→[生僻义]n.收益；增加 4．abandon [常见义]vt.放弃；抛弃；陷入，沉湎于→[生僻义]n.放纵 5．owe [常见义]vt.……是由于；把……归功于→[生僻义]vt.欠(钱、人情等)；应给予 6．promote [常见义]vt.促进，增进→[生僻义]v.晋升；提拔；促销；推广；将……(体育运动队)晋级 7．sympathy [常见义]n.同情，同情心→[生僻义]n.同意，赞同 8．complex [常见义]adj.复杂的；难以理解的→[生僻义]n.建筑群 词源猜义 1．cultivate　cult (耕作)＋iv＋ate(动词词缀)→耕作土地→引申为：v.培养，耕作 2．imitation　 imit (相像)＋ation(名词词缀)→相像的行为→引申为：n.模仿；仿制品 3．breakthrough　 break (打破)＋through(穿过)→打破障碍穿过→引申为：n.突破，重大进展 4．integrity　 integr (完整)＋ity(名词词缀)→完整的状态→引申为：n.正直；完整 5．autonomous　 auto (自己)＋nom (管理)＋ous(形容词词缀)→自己管理的→引申为：adj.自治的，自主的 6．philosophy　 philo (爱)＋soph(智慧)＋y→爱智慧→引申为：n.哲学，人生观 7．significance　 sign (记号；信号)＋fic (做)＋ance(名词词缀)→做记号→引申为：n.重要性，意义 8．stubborn　 stub (树桩)＋born→像树桩一样固执→引申为：adj.顽固的，固执的 9．tendency　 tend (伸展)＋ency(名词词缀)→伸展的方向→引申为：n.倾向，趋势 10．vocabulary　 voc (声音)＋abul＋ary(名词词缀)→声音的集合→引申为：n.词汇，词汇量 任务(二)　短语、句式、语篇背诵 Ⅰ.短语巧学助记 1．regardless of 　　　　 　 不管；不顾 2．in conclusion 最后；总之 3．have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 4．relate to 涉及；有关 5．hold up 举起 6．open up 开放，开启 7．be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 8．be enthusiastic about 对……有热情 9．put one's arm round/around sb 搂住某人 10．keep on doing sth 继续做某事 11．work on 从事 12．in a flash 突然，一瞬间 13．to start with 首先，作为开始 14．be used to doing 习惯于 15．come to one's defence 为某人辩护 16．go against ①反对 ②对……不利 17．be consistent with 与……一致 Ⅱ.句式遮挡背诵 1．Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them，a woman named Anne Sullivan.(get sb/sth done) 2．Now that Helen grasped the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.(now that引导原因状语从句) 3．I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.(it 作形式宾语) 4．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.[It was the＋序数词＋time (that)＋主语＋had done...] 5．Without love you would not be happy or want to play.(without 引导的含蓄虚拟语气) 6....people like Galileo Galilei (1564－1642)，who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”，were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.(with的复合结构) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀教师。 2．由于海伦掌握了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。 3．我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我展示什么是爱。 4．那是海伦第一次明白那个代表她触摸不到的东西的单词是什么意思。 5．没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。 6．……像伽利略·伽利莱(1564—1642)那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。 Ⅲ.语篇词汇串记 　　Education is exceptionally significant in facilitating individual development and promoting social progress.It helps cultivate creative minds and develop sympathy for fellow men.Educators are expected to teach moral lesson，enlighten minds and clarify what puzzles students. Some people think that teaching means expanding students' vocabularies，and making students understand abstract concepts to cope with all kinds of assessments from schools.Obviously，this cognition is wrong.Teaching is much more complex than this.Teaching can be painful.It is apparent that not all students are brilliant, which implies that teachers have to try all methods to make slow students to gain knowledge.Some students，who think all restrictions unbearable，are troublesome and stubborn.They never have schools' timetables in mind and have their own daily routine.However，teachers are expected not to abandon a single student regardless of his/her bad behaviour.They have to urge students to study hard，stimulate the initiative in students and teach them integrity so that they can make contributions to society in the future.In addition，students are now exposed to complex circumstances，so it is vital for them to think critically.That is，it is teachers' responsibility to cultivate students' insight and judgement.However，the fruit of education is sweet.Almost all civilisation regarded teachers as worthy and respected citizens.Many successful people owe their success partly to their teachers.In conclusion，education is beneficial to mankind. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 教育在促进个人发展和推动社会进步方面具有特别重要的意义。它有助于培养创造性思维，培养对他人的同情心。教育工作者应该教授道德价值观，启迪心灵，解答学生的困惑。 有些人认为教学就是扩大学生的词汇量，让学生理解抽象的概念，以应对各种各样学校的评估。显然，这种认知是错误的。教学要比这复杂得多。教学可能是痛苦的。很明显，并不是所有的学生都是聪慧过人，这意味着教师必须想尽一切办法让学习慢的学生获得知识。有些学生认为所有的限制都是无法忍受的，既麻烦又固执。他们从不关心学校的时间表，只有自己的日常事务。然而，老师不应该抛弃任何一个学生，尽管他们行为乖张。他们必须督促学生努力学习，激发学生的主动性，教会他们正直，这样他们将来才能为社会做贡献。此外，学生们现在面临着复杂的环境，因此批判性思考对他们来说至关重要。也就是说，培养学生的洞察力和判断力是教师的责任。然而，教育的果实是甜蜜的。几乎所有文明都把教师视为值得尊敬的公民。许多成功人士将他们的成功部分归功于他们的老师。总之，教育对人类是有益的。 任务(三)　背诵过关测＋练 一、单词过关测＋练 阅读词汇知其意 1．facilitate 　　 　 vt.促进；使便利 2．cultivate vt.培养，养成(技能、态度或素质) 3．philosopher n．哲学家 4．straightforward adj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的 5．initially adv.起初 6．imitation n．模仿，仿效 7．abstract adj.抽象的 8．concept n．概念；想法 9．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展 10．objective n．目的，目标 adj.客观的 11．insight n．洞察力；顿悟 12．civil adj.文明的，有礼貌的；公民的 13．integrity n．正直，诚实；完整 14．acquisition n．获得，习得 15．economics n．经济学 16．respectively adv.各自地 17．initiative n．主动性 18．autonomous adj.自主的；自治的 19．demonstrate vt.展示；说明 20．royal adj.皇家的；王室的 21．primitive adj.原始的 22．prison n．监狱 23．conventional adj.守旧的；传统的 24．civilisation n．文明 25．entitle vt.名为……；使有权利 26．imply vt.意味着…… 27．overall adj.全部的 28．philosophy n．思想体系；哲学 核心词汇写其形 Ⅰ.单词默写检测 1．significance 　 n．重要性，意义 2．severe adj.很严重的 3．stubborn adj.固执的，执拗的；倔强的 4．tendency n．倾向 5．eyesight n．视力 6．relate vi.理解；相联系 7．technique n．技巧，手法 8．grasp vt.理解，领会 9．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的 10．vocabulary n．词汇量 11．complex adj.复杂的；难以理解的 12．gently adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 13．apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的 14．forehead 　　 n．额，前额 15．critical adj.批评的，批判的 16．moral adj.道德(上)的 17．regardless adv.不管；不顾 18．circumstance n．境况，状况；情况，情形 19．citizen n．公民；市民 20．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的 21．rank n．等级 22．worthy adj.有价值的；值得尊敬的 23．shadow n．阴影 24．vital adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 25．routine n．惯例，常规；例行公事 26．motion n．运动 27．facility n．设施，设备 Ⅱ.单词语境练 28．(2022·浙江1月卷)I said with sympathy (同情)，“Take care of yourself at the hospital and I guarantee that I won't let you down.” 29．Insist (坚持) on keeping diaries in English every day，and you can improve your written English with ease. 30．Increasing the crop output without expanding (扩大) the area of fields is the best way to win the campaign against hunger. 31．I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste precious (宝贵的) time on those useless things. 32．He described what he saw in London，giving us a vivid (生动的) picture about people's life there. 33．Regardless of his parents' objection，he kept pursuing (追求) his dream and finally became a famous artist. 34．The talented athlete owed (把……归功于) his success to the guidance of his coach and the support of his teammates. 35．Abandoned (遗弃) by his owner，the little dog was leading a miserable life. 36．It is obvious (显然的) that maintaining a healthy and balanced diet is of great importance to us all. 37．By facing difficult situations bravely，we can truly understand our own strength and gain (获得) confidence. 拓展词汇通其变 Ⅰ.词族拓展检测 1．analyse vt.分析，剖析→analysis n．分析，剖析 2．evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n．评估，评价 3．exceptionally adv.极其，非常；例外地；罕见地→exceptional adj.杰出的，非凡的；例外的→exception n．例外；除外→except prep.除了……之外 4．restriction n．限制，规定，约束→restrict vt.限制，约束→restrictive adj.限制性的，约束的 5．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的→bear vt.忍受；承受→bearable adj.可以忍受的 6．troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；引起麻烦的→trouble n．问题，麻烦 7．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite vt.使激动；使兴奋→excited adj.激动的→exciting adj.令人激动的 8．painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→painfully adv.令人痛苦地；艰难地→pain n．痛；痛苦 9．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv.热情地，热心地→enthusiasm n．热情 10．finance n．金融；财政→financial adj.金融的；财政的 11．expose vt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的→exposure n．接触；暴露 12．judgement n．判断力；意见，评价；判决→judge v．判断 n．法官；审判员 13．beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的→benefit vt.对……有益 vi.受益于n.利益 14．respected adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的→respect vt.尊敬 n．尊敬；方面→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；得体的→respectful adj.尊敬的；恭敬的 Ⅱ.词族语境练 15．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition (define) of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. 16．Now that you have grown up，you should be responsible for what you are doing and it is your responsibility to set an example to your future generation.(responsible) 17．Tom hoped to meet with the manager's approval and from the manager's approving nod, he knew that his plan was approved．(approve) 18．As educators often say，the educated can likely hunt for a better job and teenagers should receive further education for their future.(educate) 19．She wore a puzzled expression on her face because she was puzzled about a puzzling problem.(puzzle) 20．Though he was disappointed at the result of the examination，he tried to hide his disappointment in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint) 21．His great contributions to the company have contributed to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute) 22．A lot of children at the school do not live in the town，but come from the surrounding countryside，where the surroundings are very beautiful.(surround) 23．The students concluded the hotter the water was，the more salt would be dissolved in it.But the teacher disagreed with the conclusion．(conclude) 24．The teacher urged that the students should be taught how to take urgent action in a matter of urgency．(urgent) 25．It's arranged that the meeting will be held on Sunday，so we must make arrangements for everything before Saturday.(arrange) 二、短语过关测＋练 短语翻译 短语语境练(选用左栏短语填空) 第一组 1．regardless of　　 不管；不顾 2．in conclusion 最后；总之 3．relate to 涉及；有关 4．hold up 举起 5．open up 开放，开启 6．be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 7．be enthusiastic about 对……有热情 第二组 8．put one's arm round/around sb 搂住某人 9．keep on doing sth 继续做某事 10．in a flash 突然，一瞬间 11．to start with 首先，作为开始 12．go against 反对；对……不利 13．come to one's defence 为某人辩护 14．be consistent with 与……一致 15．In conclusion，we are very proud of ourselves and believe we can make a greater difference. 16．In summary，what you say should be consistent with what you do，otherwise others will not believe in you. 17．He kept on waving at his friends until the train was out of sight. 18．Regardless of the fact that a large quantity of problems have arisen so far，he is determined to go on with the project. 19．Playing badminton will be beneficial to us in many aspects.To start with，it will contribute to our health physically and mentally. 20．We hadn't seen each other for a long time，so once I saw him，I rushed forward and put my arm round him. 三、句式过关测 1．海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀教师。(get sb/sth done) Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them，a woman named Anne Sullivan. 2．由于海伦掌握了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。(now that引导原因状语从句) Now that Helen grasped the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 3．我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。(it 作形式宾语) I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love． 4．那是海伦第一次明白那个代表她触摸不到的东西的单词是什么意思。[It was the＋序数词＋time (that)＋主语＋had done...] It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch. 5．……像伽利略·伽利莱(1564—1642)那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。(with的复合结构) ...people like Galileo Galilei (1564－1642)，who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”，were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence． Part 1　核心词汇——学搭配 consistent adj.一贯的，一致的 (consist vi.由……组成；在于；与……一致) 【知识归纳】　 ◎be consistent with... 与……一致 ◎consist of (＝be made up of＝be composed of) 由……组成 ◎consist in 在于……；存在于…… ◎consist with 和……一致 注意：consist of没有被动语态和进行时态 【写作语料】　 ◎His actions are always consistent with his words.他总是言行一致。 ◎consist of 120 chapters由120章组成 ◎consist with facts与事实相符 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent with the reality. ②The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but what we are. ③(2021·浙江卷)昨天在艺术中心举行了国画作品展，这次展览包括几十幅我校同学的杰作。 →A traditional Chinese painting exhibition consisting of dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(非谓语动词作定语) →A traditional Chinese painting exhibition which consisted of dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(定语从句) insist vi.& vt.坚称；坚持主张；坚持说；坚持认为 【知识归纳】　 ◎insist(坚持说/认为) that...， 从句用陈述语气； ◎insist(坚决要求/主张) that sb (should) do...， 从句用虚拟语气； ◎insist on doing sth 坚持做某事 【写作语料】　 ◎insist on finding a taxi for me 坚持要给我找一辆出租车 ◎insist on holding onto his previous idea 坚持他以前的想法 ◎insist that he was right 坚持认为他是对的 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The police officer insisted that he had disobeyed (disobey) the traffic rules and (should) be fined (fine). ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He approached the bus driver and explained the situation, insisting (insist) that I was a trustworthy person. ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)我再次感谢他提供的如此大的帮助，并坚持要偿还他车费和公交车票钱。 I thanked him once again for his incredible help and insisted on paying him back for the taxi fare and the bus ticket． puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑 vi.对……苦苦思考；因……而大伤脑筋 n．谜；难题(puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的　puzzling adj.令人迷惑的，令人费解的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎puzzle over/about 冥思苦想；仔细琢磨 ◎be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 注意：puzzled，confused，frightened等分词化的形容词既可用来修饰人，也可用来修饰与人有关的名词，如：look，voice，smile，expression等。 【写作语料】　 ◎puzzle over a math problem苦苦思索一道数学题 ◎a crossword puzzle 一个填字游戏 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After hearing the puzzling conclusion，he had a puzzled look on his face and I was puzzled as well.(puzzle) ②外国人对怎样正确地使用筷子感到困惑。 Foreigners are puzzled about how to use the chopsticks correctly. ③这部戏最让我困惑的是我们应该如何让不同的角色使用合适的舞台语言。 What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage languages for different roles. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的(disappoint v．使失望；使破灭；使落空　disappointment n．[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物　disappointing adj.令人失望的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎be disappointed at/with/by... 对某事失望 ◎be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望 ◎be disappointed that... 对……失望 ◎to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 【写作语料】　 ◎be so disappointed to share my toys with him 和他分享我的玩具让我很失望 ◎judging from the audience's disappointed expression从观众失望的表情看 ◎be overcome with bitter disappointment极度失望 【语境运用】　完成语段 我对我父母收养了一个无家可归的男孩感到失望，好像他偷走了我父母的爱。我整天唉声叹气。意识到我对于他的到来很沮丧，他竭尽全力帮助我、照顾我，我的沮丧逐渐转换成我对他的感激。[读后续写之失望心理描写] ①What disappointed me was that my parents had adopted a homeless boy and it seemed as if he had stolen my parents' love.I sighed away my days.Sensing that I ②was disappointed at/with/by his arrival，he did whatever he could to help me and care for me and ③my disappointment gradually gave way to my gratitude to him. owe vt.……是由于；把……归功于；归因于；欠(钱、人情等) 【知识归纳】　 ◎owe sb an apology 欠某人一个道歉 ◎owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 ◎owe...to... 把……归功于…… ◎owe it to sb that... 多亏某人…… ◎owing to 因为；由于 【写作语料】　 ◎owing to his excellent judg(e)ment由于他出色的判断力 ◎owe his achievements to hard work把他的成就归功于努力 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①我必须说我的这些成就都应归功于我的同事和朋友们的鼓励和帮助。 I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends. ②多亏了这一家好心人，伯纳德才能挣些外快来补贴家用。 Bernard owed it to the kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family. urge vt.强烈要求； 督促 n．强烈的欲望；冲动(urgent adj.紧急的　urgency n．急迫；急事) 【知识归纳】　 ◎have/feel an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事 ◎urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 ◎urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张/强调……做某事 ◎It is urged that...(should) do sth 极力主张/强调……做某事 【写作语料】　 ◎have some urgent things to handle有些急事要处理 ◎have an urge to eat something sweet有想吃点甜食的欲望 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2022·全国甲卷)为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人反思他们的不恰当行为并且做出改变。 To protect oceans better，we must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behavior/ urge that more people (should) reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes. ②公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件再次发生。 The public urged that the government (should) take measures to prevent such cases from happening again． abandon vt.放弃；抛弃 n．放任；放纵(abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎abandon doing sth 放弃做某事 ◎abandon oneself to (doing) sth 沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事 ◎with abandon 纵情；放任地 ◎be abandoned to... 沉湎于…… 【写作语料】　 ◎sing and dance with abandon 尽情地载歌载舞 ◎be abandoned to playing online games 沉湎于线上游戏 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①(2024·全国甲卷)The once abandoned (abandon) bicycles have now been replaced by sleek shared bikes, offering a convenient and eco­friendly mode of transportation. ②I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end­of­term examination. →Abandoning myself to computer games，I performed extremely badly in the end­of­term examination.(现在分词短语作状语) →Abandoned to computer games，I performed extremely badly in the end­of­term examination.(过去分词短语作状语) vital adj.极其重要的；必不可少的 【知识归纳】　 ◎be vital to/for... 对……至关重要 ◎It is vital to do sth 做某事很重要 ◎It is vital that...(should) do sth 做某事是十分重要的 ◎be of vital importance ……是至关重要的 【写作语料】　 ◎be vital for/to the students' physical and mental health 对学生的身心健康至关重要 ◎play a vital role in protecting the environment 在保护环境方面发挥重要作用 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)我意识到，走出我们的舒适区，尝试一些新事物是至关重要的。 I realized that it is vital to step out of our comfort zones and try some new things. ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)此外，我相信，欣赏我们周围的美丽是至关重要的。 Moreover, I believe that it is of vital importance to appreciate the beauty around us. ③到了提高人们保护海洋意识的时候了。海洋对人类来说至关重要。[应用文之环境保护] It is about time we raised people's awareness of protecting oceans which are vital to human beings． sympathy n．同情，同情心；同意；赞同(sympathetic adj.同情的；支持的sympathetically adv.同情地；怜悯地) 【知识归纳】　 ◎have/feel (no) sympathy for sb (不)同情某人 ◎out of sympathy 出于同情 ◎in/with sympathy 同情地 ◎be/feel sympathetic to/towards... 同情…… ◎in sympathy with... 赞同/支持 【写作语料】　 ◎express/offer sympathy 表示同情 ◎be not in sympathy with your solution 不赞成你的解决办法 ◎feel sympathetic towards Kate 同情凯特 ◎show me a little more sympathy 再体谅我一点 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。 Mrs Meredith was sympathetic to/had sympathy for the poor，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time. ②她走近那个可怜的男孩，同情地把他抱在怀里。[读后续写之动作情感描写] Approaching the poor boy，she gathered him into her arms in sympathy/with sympathy/sympathetically． ③看到这一幕，我的心里涌起一阵同情。出于同情，我决定给这个天真的女孩一些支持与帮助。 At the sight of the scene，a wave of sympathy welled up in my heart.Out of sympathy，I determined to give the innocent girl some help and support. in conclusion 最后；总之 【知识归纳】　 ◎come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论 ◎conclude...from... 从……中推断出…… ◎conclude...with... 以……结束…… ◎to conclude 总而言之；最后 【写作语料】　 ◎jump to a conclusion 匆忙下结论 ◎conclude the speech with a famous saying 以一句名言结束演讲 【语境运用】　翻译句子/一句多译 ①(2024·全国甲卷)总之，绿色交通是中国未来发展的重要组成部分。 In conclusion, green transportation is a crucial component of China's future development. ②(2023·全国乙卷)我从我自己的经历中得出结论：只有通过亲身实践才能掌握生活技能。 →I concluded from my own experiences that only by practicing in person can we master the skills of life.(conclude) →I came to/reached/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that only by practicing in person can we master the skills of life.(conclusion) Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．gain A．vt.增加　B．vt.赢得；获得　C．n.收益　D．n.增加 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)Undoubtedly，I gained numerous knowledge on plants and have become interested in them through this meaningful activity. B ②He only seems to be interested in personal gain. C ③As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. A ④In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries，the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. D 2．rank A．n.地位；级别　B．n.行列；队列　C．vi.把……分等级；属于某等级 ①(2023·全国甲卷)It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list. C ②They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes，breaking rules and playing jokes on others，among whom I soon found myself. A ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. B 3．stream A．n.小溪　B．n.(人/车)流　C．vi.流淌　D．n.气流 ①(2021·全国甲卷)The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. B ②A stream of cold air rushed through the open door. D ③Can you jump across the stream？ A ④Tears streamed from her eyes when she saw the sad movie. C 4．promote A．vt.促进；推动　B．vt.晋升；提拔　C．vt.促销；推广　D．vt.将(体育运动队)晋级 ①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. A ②After months' hard practice，they were promoted to the First Division last season. D ③The sales hit a new low so that they began to promote their products on television. C ④While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. B 巧借前缀over­推测词义 前缀over­：在上，在外，从上，越过 本单元：over­(在上)＋all(所有，全部)→在全部之上→overall adj.全部的；包括一切的 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well­sampled.adj.过度取样的 2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.n.过度旅游，超限旅游 3．(2024·全国甲卷)Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone，especially in front of the TV or computer，often leads to mindless overeating.n.暴饮暴食 4．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.vt.对……作过高的评价；对……估计过高 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构)，making it easier to produce such sounds.n.(牙齿)覆咬合 6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.vt.推翻 Part 3　经典句式——会表达 句式：动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【教材原句】　Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them，a woman named Anne Sullivan.海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。 【知识归纳】 ◎该句中got 作谓语，a superb teacher 作宾语，recommended to them作宾补。其中，宾语和宾补之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动。构成“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 ◎可以用于该结构的动词常常是表示感官的动词，如find，see，notice，watch，hear，feel等，以及使役动词，如have，get，keep，leave，make 等。此外want，like 等表示想要或好恶的词也有此用法。 【写作佳句】　 ①You should try your best to have your English improved in a short period. 你应该尽力使你的英语在短时间内得到提高。 ②We saw the thief caught by the police. 我们看见那小偷被警察抓住了。 ③To her excitement，she found her hometown much changed. 让她兴奋的是，她发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。 【仿写借鉴】　 ①让她兴奋的是，她看到周围的环境改善了很多。 To her excitement，she saw the surroundings improved a lot. ②那位著名的作家在一次事故中去世了，他的最后一部作品还没有完成。 That famous writer passed away in an accident，leaving his last work unfinished． 句式：It is/was the first time (that)... 【教材原句】　It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她不能触摸到实物的词。 【知识归纳】 ◎“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次做某事” ◎“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次做某事” ◎It is/was (about/high) time that...should do sth/did sth意为“到……的时间了”，should不能省略。 ◎The first/second/...time引导时间状语从句时，主从句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时。 【写作佳句】　 ①(新高考Ⅰ卷)That was the first time that Bernard had earned money through his own efforts. 这是伯纳德第一次通过自己的努力赚到钱。 ②It's time that you should put/put your heart into your study. 是你专心学习的时候了。 ③The first time I read the book，I was attracted by it. 我第一次读这本书时，就被它吸引住了。 ④It is high time that the government should take/took effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction. 到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。 【仿写借鉴】　 ①这是双胞胎第一次为母亲做早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。 This was the first time that the twins had prepared a breakfast for their mother，so they were excited and nervous. ②这是我们第一次准备英语话剧，为此我们迫切需要您的帮助。 This is the first time that we have prepared for an English drama，for which we are in desperate need of your help. ③我认为到了我们充分利用线上学习来提高英语的时候了。 I think it's time that we should make/made the most of online learning to improve English. Ⅰ.写作词汇专练——单句语法填空 1．She asked her grandfather，with a puzzled (puzzle) frown on her face. 2．The book，entitled (entitle) Read Poetry and Learn History by Wang Chunyong，is suitable for the foreigners to learn classical Chinese poetry. 3．Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year，ranking (rank) second in China． 4．The genius owed his success to his diligence rather than his intelligence. 5．This is the first time that this exhibition has come (come) to our city. 6．China has a responsibility (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 7．All the people present at the meeting think that the problem is worthy of being discussed (discuss). 8．There was a time when my family was going through financial (finance) difficulties. 9．The long­term natural forces，such as wind，rain and temperature，can gradually (gradual) wear down heritage sites. 10．Although exhausting，it gave me energy，enthusiasm (enthusiastic) and happiness. 11．As the educator puts it，expanding (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 12．Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture and received an education (educate) at Southwest Agriculture College in Chongqing. 13．When criticised for the fact that what he said was not consistent with what he did，he smiled in embarrassment. 14．Our English teacher insisted that we (should) imitate (imitate) the pronunciation of broadcasters of BBC． 15．You'd better go to the surgery to get your bleeding hand treated (treat). Ⅱ.阅读词汇猜词——熟词生义、派生与合成 写出黑体单词在句中的词性及汉语释义 1．(2022·全国乙卷)In Wickenden's book，she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism，which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.vi.详述，充分叙述 2．Many people are in sympathy with your views.n.同意，赞同 3．Although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.adj.大量的；相当数量的 4．The plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river has proved to be practical.vt.抽取 5．(全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.n.目标 6．(江苏卷)LoveFone，a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them，opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.vt.丢弃 7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.n.小河，水流 8．Located in Moscow，the Kremlin is a symbol of Russia and one of the world's largest complexes.n.建筑群 9．(2022·全国乙卷)Drones are already being used to examine high­tension electrical lines. ◎high“高的”＋tension“电压”→high­tension adj.高压的 10．(2022·全国乙卷)Fruit juices, milk­based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax... ◎milk“奶”＋based“以……为重要部分的”→milk­based adj.以奶为重要部分的 (一)应用文写作 [建议信——到中国留学的意见和建议] 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter 即将参加一个中国的留学项目，他特地写信向你征询意见和建议。请你用英语给他回信。 选用本单元所学知识和右栏词块翻译句子 第一段：表达自己的意见 1．我认为，参加这个项目将使你接触中国文化。 As far as I am concerned, participating in this programme will get you exposed to Chinese culture. 2．你将获得新的友谊，它将为你打开一个新的世界。 You will gain new friendship and it will open up a new world to you. 第二段：说明存在的问题和建议 3．在财政方面，与许多西方国家相比，在中国生活、饮食和旅游的费用比较低。(过去分词短语作状语) In terms of finance, it's less expensive to live, eat and travel in China compared with many Western countries. 4．显然，你可能会遇到诸如想家、适应新的环境和学习一门新的语言等困难。 It's apparent that you may encounter difficulties, such as suffering from homesickness, getting used to the new surroundings and learning a new language. 5．通过努力，我相信一切会变得更好，最终你会觉得舒适自在。(with复合结构) With great efforts made, I'm certain everything will change for the better and you will end up feeling at home. 第三段：再次表明自己的观点 6．总之，抓住机会，参与到这个项目中来吧！ In conclusion，grasp the opportunity and get involved in this programme. [构建语义场——出国留学] ①opportunity n．机会 ②benefit v．对……有益 ③independent adj.独立的 ④future n．未来 ⑤culture n．文化 ⑥background n．背景 ⑦knowledge n．知识 ⑧bright adj.光明的 ⑨experience n．经历 ⑩homesick adj.想家的 ⑪get you exposed to Chinese culture使你接触中国文化 ⑫participate in this programme参加这个项目 ⑬go abroad for further study 出国深造 ⑭make foreign friends 交外国朋友 ⑮open up a new world to you为你打开一个新的世界 ⑯compared with many Western countries与许多西方国家相比 ⑰a great opportunity 一个很好的机会 ⑱social activity 社会活动 ⑲broaden one's horizons 开拓视野 ⑳enrich one's knowledge 丰富知识 ㉑enrich one's life experience 丰富人生经验 ㉒different cultures and customs 不同的文化与习俗 ㉓lay a solid foundation for...为……打下坚固的基础 (二)读后续写 [教育话题＋动作描写之嘴唇] Ⅰ.教材语料积累 词汇 [情感描写]　sympathy；unbearable；troublesome；superb；straightforward；excitement；painful；enthusiastic；complex；gently；disappointed；puzzle；critical；integrity；conventional；preoccupied [人物描写]　promote；facilitate；insist；evaluate；stubborn；enlighten；grasp；expand；gain；pursue；educate；contribute；expose；stimulate；assess；approve；urge；abandon；owe；restrict 佳句 1．She was sometimes troublesome，stubborn and angry，and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.(人物描写) 2．However，because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning，the results were amazing.(情感描写) 3．When her teacher said that it wasn't，she was confused and disappointed.(情感描写) 4．You cannot touch love either；but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything.Without love you would not be happy or want to play.(主旨升华) 5．In the picture，a man is wearing a hat and an apron，and is carrying an umbrella because it is raining heavily.(人物描写) 6．It is important not to become too preoccupied with routines and schedules，because they can make us blind to what is in front of us.(主旨升华) Ⅱ.拓展语料背诵 词汇 open­mouthed目瞪口呆的　mouth drops/hangs wide open 张大嘴巴　widen one's mouth 咧开嘴　feel one's throat tight and one's mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴发干　cover one's mouth 捂住某人的嘴　be down in the mouth垂头丧气，神色沮丧　one's heart in one's mouth 提心吊胆　lick one's lips 舔嘴唇　purse one's lips噘嘴　bite one's lip 忍住话；抑制情感流露 佳句 1．She froze，her mouth hanging open.(独立主格)她呆住了，嘴张开着。 2．Her mouth grew stiff with pain and distress.疼痛和悲伤让她嘴巴发僵。 3．He straightened up and looked at me，open­mouthed/his mouth dropping open in surprise. 他惊讶得直起身，目瞪口呆地看着我。 4．With a smile playing around his mouth，he recalled the happy past days.(with复合结构) 嘴角挂着微笑，他回忆起过去的快乐时光。 5．A gentle smile danced around the corners of her mouth，making us feel at ease/putting us at ease.(拟人)她的嘴角露出一抹温柔的笑意，使我们放松下来。 6．My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.一闻到食物的香味，我就开始流口水。 7．She bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran/streamed/rolled down her cheeks. 她咬着下唇不让它颤抖，泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 Ⅲ.语料综合运用 　　作为一名大学讲师，第一次上课时，我感到极度痛苦和焦虑，喉咙紧绷，口干舌燥。我有一股逃跑的冲动，但我现在不是学生，而是老师。想到这里，我尝试咬着下唇，好让它不要颤抖。然后，我迅速清了清嗓子，舔了舔嘴唇，希望台下的观众不要注意到我的不安。有些学生直起身子张大嘴巴惊讶地看着我，这再次让我几乎想放弃。我对自己感到失望，于是做了几次深呼吸，试图回忆起一些快乐的场景，让自己平静下来。终于，一抹浅浅的微笑开始在我的嘴角飞舞，我终于可以控制自己的情绪，掌控我的第一次课堂。 　　The first time I delivered a lecture as a university lecturer，I felt extremely painful and anxious，①my throat tight and my mouth dry (独立主格结构).②I had an urge to escape，but I was not a student but a teacher.Thinking of it，I tried to ③bite my lower lip to keep it from trembling．Then，I quickly ④cleared my throat and licked my lips，hoping audience off the stage didn't notice my uneasiness.Some students straightened up and looked at me ⑤open­mouthed/their mouth dropping open in surprise，which again made me almost abandon.⑥Disappointed with myself (形容词短语作状语)，I managed to take a few deep breaths and calm down by recalling some happy scenes.Finally，⑦a weak smile began to dance around the corners of my mouth (拟人) and I could take control of my emotion as well as my first class. A卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共11小题，每小题2.5分，共27.5分) A (2025·浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三第一次联考)As the excitement of the Summer Olympics attracts audiences worldwide, it presents a golden opportunity to inspire our younger generation not just in sports but in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).These disciplines, often perceived as complex, can be made accessible and enjoyable through the lens of the Olympics．Here, we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students, aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning. Surfing STEM Challenge The Surfing STEM Challenge invites students to explore the fascinating world of magnetic forces(磁力)by keeping a surfer suspended in mid­air.Using a magnetic stick, students guide the surfer's track, mirroring the fluid movements of surfing waves. Basketball STEM Challenge The Basketball STEM Challenge attracts students by tasking them with inventing a basketball game tailored for one­handed play, making use of materials at hand.The activity highlights the importance of creativity, engineering capability, and a collaborative effort, all within the vibrant atmosphere of the Summer Olympics. Skateboarding STEM Activity The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard, along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills.It's an engaging way to connect with the dynamic world of skateboarding in the Summer Olympics, encouraging teamwork, innovation, and hands­on learning. Golf STEM Challenge The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course, along with creating their own golf club．This innovative approach to learning not only brings the spirit of the Summer Olympics into the classroom but also fosters teamwork, problem­solving, and a deeper understanding of the scientific concepts behind the game of golf. Click here to find out more information. [语篇解读]本文是应用文。本文主要介绍了专门为小学生设计的四个创新STEM挑战，旨在激起学生的好奇心以及对学习的热爱。 1．What is the main goal of the STEM challenges described in the passage? A．To train students for future careers in STEM. B．To encourage students' curiosity and love for learning. C．To help students understand complex scientific theories. D．To promote the importance of sports and physical activity. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Here，we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges...aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning”可知，这一系列的创新STEM挑战是专为小学生设计的，旨在激发他们的好奇心，并培养他们对学习的热爱，故答案为B。] 2.Which two STEM challenges encourage students to build something physical? A．Surfing STEM Challenge and Golf STEM Challenge. B．Surfing STEM Challenge and Basketball STEM Challenge. C．Skateboarding STEM Activity and Golf STEM Challenge. D．Basketball STEM Challenge and Skateboarding STEM Activity. C　[细节理解题。根据Skateboarding STEM Activity中的“craft a small skateboard, along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills”(制作一个小滑板，同时建造一个滑板公园，来展示他们的指板技巧)和Golf STEM Challenge中的“designing and building a mini golf course”(设计并建造一个迷你高尔夫球场)可知，这两个课程都鼓励学生制作实体物品，故选C。] 3．Where is this passage most likely to be found? A．An educational website. B．A travel blog. C．A scientific report. D．A sports magazine. A　[文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句总结句可知本文内容与创新教育有关，再由最后一段中的“Click here”可知文章来自一个网站，所以最可能选自一个教育网站，答案为A。A项“一个教育网站”；B项“一个旅游博客”；C 项“一份科学报告”；D项“一本体育杂志”。] B (2025·南京市学情调研)In the heart of the Kanien'kehá：ka Nation(卡尼恩克哈部族)in Canada, McComber, a native language teacher reflected on a question raised by Maori (毛利语的) language advocate Sir Tīmoti Kāretu: what was your dream for the future of your language? Kanien'kehá，the Mohawk language, is endangered, and for decades, McComber has worked hard to operate a native language school.At the turn of the century, as it encountered more barriers, McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration, and Kāretu was the answer.“Don't wait for money or approval; just do the work，”Kāretu told her.It's the same message Kāretu carried with her decades ago, when te reo Maori, the Maori language, was also on the line. In the early 1970s, young Maori advocates in New Zealand marched to the government, demanding Maori be taught in all public schools.In 1982, Dame Iritana Tāwhiwhirangi established Kohanga Reo, an engaging language program where Maori was the only language taught, spoken and used both in the classroom and at home, and the courses focused on Maori history and culture.“Grandparents became teachers，”she says.“The difference­maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community­led.Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces, and volunteers planned and taught classes.” Translated in English as “language nest”，the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide.“Our parents ruled，”a student of McComber's nest school says.“They wanted to teach us the beauty of our language, our culture, and who we are.And it has given me the confidence to speak and read with ease in both English and Kanien'kehá.” The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors' eyes, ensuring the survival of their way of life.“It's not just about language，”McComber can now answer that question.“It's everything.” [语篇解读]本文是说明文。McComber是一位莫霍克语老师，她通过汲取毛利语保护及传播的经验，利用Kohanga Reo(语言巢)模式来保护濒危的莫霍克语。 4．Why did McComber turn to Kāretu for help? A．Because Kāretu also spoke Kanien'kehá. B．Because Kāretu once faced a similar crisis. C．Because she needed his financial support. D．Because she desired his tips on language learning. B　[推理判断题。第二段首句讲莫霍克语濒危，McComber一直在努力经营一所本地语言学校。接着讲在世纪之交，当McComber遇到更多障碍时，她向世界各地寻求帮助和灵感，而Kāretu就是答案，Kāretu告诉McComber不要等待金钱或认可，做自己该做的。这和Kāretu 几十年前传递的信息是一样的，当时毛利语也处于危险之中。由此可推断，McComber之所以向Kāretu寻求帮助是因为Kāretu曾经也面临相似的危机，即Kāretu所提倡的毛利语曾经和莫霍克语一样面临濒危。故选B。] 5．What contributed to the success of Kohanga Reo? A．Expansion of public schools. B．Flexibility of the courses. C．Rule of the students' parents. D．Support from the community. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“The difference­maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community­led...volunteers planned and taught classes”可知，Kohanga Reo完全由社区主导，家庭集资租用教室空间，志愿者策划并教授课程。由此可知，来自社区的支持促成了Kohanga Reo的成功。A项“公立学校的扩张”；B项“课程的灵活性”；C项“学生家长的管理”。] 6．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The impact of the Kohanga Reo model. B．The importance of parents' involvement. C．The procedure for building the nest school. D．The case of a student finding his real identity. A　[段落大意题。第四段首句的“the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide”是本段的关键句，讲Kohanga Reo模式迅速成为一种重要的文化输出，激励世界各地的其他少数民族社区。接着引用了McComber学校的一名学生的话，表明在Kohanga Reo模式下，父辈们教授孩子们莫霍克语之美、文化之美，这给予孩子们信心，让他们可以轻松地用英语和莫霍克语说话和阅读。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了Kohanga Reo模式的影响。故选A。] 7.By saying “It's everything”，McComber suggests ． A．guaranteeing the survival of their own schools B．keeping their culture for future generations C．purifying their unique minority language D．practicing the tradition of their ancestors B　[推理判断题。最后一段讲Kohanga Reo模式帮助社区通过祖先的眼睛观察世界，确保了他们生活方式的继续存在。McComber 说这不仅仅是语言的问题，这是一切。由此可推断，McComber的话语中隐含的意思是 Kohanga Reo模式不仅对保护语言产生影响，还将对后代的生活方式和文化产生影响，所以McComber建议为后代保留他们的文化。故选B。A项“保证他们自己学校的生存”；C项“净化他们独特的少数民族语言”；D项“实践他们祖先的传统”。] C (2025·安徽合肥适应性联考)In a neighborhood in the east of Paris, if you walk out of your front door, you can arrive at a kindergarten in one minute and a bookstore in three minutes.A bakery? It's across the street.Actually, all key things in daily life—work, food, schools and entertainment—are within a 15­minute walk. This neighborhood was built in this way more than 150 years ago and this old idea of having all important things close by has now evolved into an urban planning model that is gaining popularity around the world. “A 15­minute city can not only improve quality of life, but also reduce greenhouse gases.Transportation accounts for about 20% of global energy­related CO2 pollution, with cars making up almost 10%，”says Carlos Moreno, a professor at University of Paris, who has been helping the city put this idea into use.“Paris should integrate the 15­minute city as part of a broader strategy to get closer to net zero goals.” Besides reducing greenhouse gases, there are lots of “co­benefits”for people who live in 15­minute cities.Facilities that prioritize walking and biking mean less noise from cars and more safety for the people, Less air pollution from cars and daily routines with more walking and biking promote health.Redesigning cities where homes are mixed in with businesses can drive more foot traffic to those businesses. But one challenge to building 15­minute cities across France is financial.Many banks are still unwilling to provide loans for mixed­use developments, because they are still a relatively uncommon way to build communities.Other barriers have to do with parking in a more heavily populated area．The biggest obstacle involves public schools.When couples have kids, they often leave cities for suburbs, which they think have better schools. “If we want regional sustainability, we have to look to these urban places，”Makarewicz says.“But if we want to successfully introduce a 15­minute city approach to an area, we should focus on the way people want to live.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了建立15分钟城市生活圈的优点以及可能遇到的挑战。 8．What is a feature of the so­called 15­minute city? A．Better schools are built in the suburbs. B．People are required to walk or ride bikes. C．All important daily things are close by. D．Greenhouse gases are reduced to net zero. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Actually, all key things in daily life—work, food, schools and entertainment—are within a 15­minute walk.”可知，这种城市生活圈的特征是：将日常生活所必要的设施都规划在一起。故选C。] 9．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The difficulties of redesigning. B．The benefits of a 15­minute city. C．The harms of living in big cities. D．The costs to build 15­minute cities. B　[主旨大意题。根据第四段的主旨句“Besides reducing greenhouse gases, there are lots of ‘co­benefits’ for people who live in 15­minute cities.”可知，本段主要介绍了15分钟城市带来的好处。故选B。] 10．Which of the following best explains “obstacle”underlined in Paragraph 5? A．Failure. B．Plan. C．Change. D．Problem. D　[词句猜测题。在法国各地建设15分钟城市的挑战有财政问题，包括银行不愿意提供贷款，人口稠密地区无法停车。其中最大的障碍包括公共学校。所以画线单词指的也是规划及建设15分钟城市生活圈时会遇到的挑战，意为“问题，障碍”。故选D。] 11．What is the key to putting Carlos Moreno' idea into use successfully? A．Urban residents' acceptance. B．The available urban space. C．People's willingness to lend money. D．The governmental support. A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But if we want to successfully introduce a 15­minute city approach to an area, we should focus on the way people want to live.”可知，想要成功地将15分钟城市引入一个地区，必须符合人们想要的生活方式，也就是说城市居民是否能够接受。故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·广东六校一联) How to Stop Being a People Pleaser As a recovering people pleaser, I spent much of my life keeping others happy.Breaking this habit meant stepping on toes.However，I've become a happier person as a result.Here are some tips I used to stop being a people pleaser. Identify your priorities.Take a moment to think about why you are trying to learn how to stop being a people pleaser.Who are the people that you feel the need to please？1( )Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable for. Just say “no”．One reason why people pleasers say “yes”to everything is that they fear disappointing others.2( )If you are a people pleaser，you are likely to spend lots of energy trying to control how people feel about you.The best thing you can do is let them feel their feelings.It will feel liberating to free yourself from being responsible for someone else's reaction. 3( ) Saying “no”is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships.All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.If you haven't set boundaries in your relationships, the odds are that at some point you will end up feeling pressured to do something you don't want to do. Accept yourself.Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are.4( )Check out our summary of Brené Brown's The Gifts of Imperfection to learn how to accept your imperfections and love yourself. Remember that you cannot please everyone.No matter what you do, there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices.5( ) A．Set healthy boundaries. B．Keep healthy relationships. C．Why do you feel the need to keep them happy? D．Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are. E．And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn't possible? F．But saying “no”is the best way to take care of your own needs. G．That is why the more you seek security，the less of it you have. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。作为一个曾经取悦他人的人，作者分享了自己是如何通过一系列努力摆脱这一习惯并变得更加快乐的。这些建议包括识别自己的优先事项、学会拒绝、设定健康的界限、接受自己以及认识到不可能取悦所有人等。 1．C　[空前提到要思考你为什么想要试着学习如何停止取悦他人，以及你感觉需要取悦哪些人。空后提到“回答这些问题”。C选项“Why do you feel the need to keep them happy？”与前后文形成连贯的逻辑关系，属于思考的问题之一，且其中的“them”指代空前的“the people”。故选C。] 2．F　[根据空前一句可知，取悦他人者害怕让别人失望，因此对一切事物说“是”。这里需要给出一种解决方案或建议，且应与本段主旨句“Just say‘no’”有关，F选项指出但说“不”是照顾你自己需求的最好方式，符合语境。] 3．A　[空后内容讲到说“不”是在重要关系中设定更好界限的好方法，所有健康关系都有自己的界限，如果在关系中没有设定界限，很可能在某个时刻你会感到被迫去做不想做的事情。故A选项“Set healthy boundaries”(设定健康的界限)最能概括整段内容。] 4．D　[本段的主题是“Accept yourself”(接受你自己)。前文提到许多取悦他人的人不自信，这里需要给出一种解决方案或建议来帮助他们建立自信。D选项(花时间学习爱真实的自己)给出了建议且与接纳自我的段落主题一致，符合语境。故选D。] 5．E　[前文提到无论你做什么都会有人不满意你的选择，E选项表达了如果不可能取悦所有人，那么为什么还要费心去做的观点，与前文内容紧密相连，故选E。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·湖北八校协作高三联考)Schools often have to walk a fine line when it comes to parental complaints.Diverse backgrounds mean that schools can't please everyone all the time, so educators have to judge what's best for the whole kids in their care. Sometimes, what's best is hard to decide.Sometimes it's absolutely not. Such was the case when a parent at a St.Louis elementary school complained online about a book that was read to her 7­year­old.The parent wrote： “Has anyone else checked out The Read Aloud Book on Canvas for 2nd grade today? Ron's Big Mission was the book that was read out loud to my 7­year­old.I caught this after she watched it because I was working with my 3rd grader.I have called my daughter's school.Parents, we have to preview what we are letting the kids see on there.” The book in question, Ron's Big Mission, highlights a true story of Ron McNair, who had experienced discrimination as a child in South Carolina because he was Black.In 1959, 9­year­old McNair wanted to check out books at the library, but the librarian told him the library didn't loan books to “coloreds.”McNair refused to leave the library until he was allowed to check out books.Rather than giving him a library card, the librarian called the police, who ultimately convinced her to just let him check out books. Seriously, what issue could this parent possibly take with such an inspiring story of a kid who stood up to injustice, single­handedly changed a library's racial segregation (隔离) policy and grew up to be an astronaut—a genuine, real­life hero? If there's any other possible reason than racism, I can't think of one. Hearing of the complaints, other parents responded immediately in the book's defense.They called McNair a hero and said, “He deserves to be celebrated.His story deserves to be told to our children.”And the school responded in the best possible way.The next day, the principal read the book to the whole student body via Zoom. [语篇解读]本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了一位家长对学校给孩子们朗读的一本书的投诉，以及学校和其他家长对此的反应。 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．It's hard for schools to satisfy every parent. B．Parents are always complaining about parenting. C．Parents of different backgrounds are hard to educate. D．It's hard for educators to judge what's best for the kids. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Diverse backgrounds mean that schools can't please everyone all the time”可知，不同的背景意味着学校无法一直取悦所有人，也就是难以满足每一位家长。故选A项。] 2．What was the parent's complaint about the book? A．It was too advanced for second graders. B．Its subject matter was out of the curriculum. C．It contained improper content for young children. D．It was not previewed by parents before being read to students. C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中家长在网上写的内容“有人在今天的Canvas上的‘大声朗读图书’中检查了二年级的阅读内容吗？Ron's Big Mission是大声读给我7岁孩子听的书。我在她看完这本书后才发现这件事，因为我当时在辅导我的三年级孩子。我已经给我女儿的学校打了电话。家长们，我们必须预览我们让孩子在上面看的内容”可知，她强调了家长应该预览孩子接触的内容，这表明她认为这本书的内容对幼儿来说是不适当的。故选C项。] 3．Which of the following can best describe Ron McNair? A．Courageous and determined. B．Brave and ambitious. C．Modest and heroic． D．Sympathetic and responsible. A　[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“a kid who stood up to injustice...a genuine，real­life hero”可知，Ron McNair是一个独自对抗不公、改变图书馆种族隔离政策并长大成为宇航员的孩子——一个真正的、现实生活中的英雄。Ron McNair在年幼时就敢于挑战不公正的种族政策，不屈不挠地争取自己的权利且成功了，由此可见他是一个勇敢和坚定的人。故选A项。] 4．What action did the school take in response to the complaint online? A．They replaced the book with a different story. B．They had the story read aloud to all the students. C．They instantly removed the book from the curriculum. D．They arranged a meeting with the parent to discuss the concerns. B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The next day，the principal read the book to the whole student body via Zoom”可知，第二天，作为对家长投诉的回应，校长通过Zoom向所有学生朗读了这本书。故选B项。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·惠州市高三第二次调研)As a teenager growing up in Great Britain, Lola Anderson was inspired by the rowing events at the 2012 London Olympics. Moved by the athletes' strength and determination, she decided to 1 the sport herself.In her diary, she expressed her dream of winning an Olympic gold medal in rowing.But embarrassed by her 2 dream, Lola tore out the diary page.“I threw that away because I didn't believe，”Lola 3 ．“I was 14 then, so why would I believe? Young girls struggle to see themselves as strong, athletic individuals, but that's 4 now.”Despite her initial 5 ， Lola pursued rowing with her father Don Anderson's support. In 2019, as Don Anderson 6 cancer, he presented Lola with a 7 ．He held out his hand and 8 the page she had torn from her diary years earlier.Don had found it in the trash and kept it, 9 she would need it one day.Don 10 months later, but his faith in his daughter's dream remained. His predictive gesture 11 on Wednesday when Lola competed in her first Olympic Games as part of the women's quadruple sculls (四人双桨) rowing team.Her team 12 the gold medal by a mere 0.15 seconds.After the race, Lola reflected on her father's firm support. “It's a piece of paper, but it's the most valuable thing I have，”she said, “maybe jointly with the 13 now.” Lola Anderson's 14 from a self­doubting teenager to an Olympic champion serves as 15 of the power of dreams and the lasting impact of a father's love. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章描述了Lola Anderson受到奥运赛艇项目的激励，开始追逐运动梦想并最终实现梦想的过程。 1． A．take up B．look into C．live upon D．fight for A　[上文提到Lola受到了赛艇项目的激励，并且被运动员的毅力和决心感动了，结合下文中提到的她在父亲的支持下开始划艇运动可以推测，她决定开始做这项运动，故选A。take up“开始做，开始从事”；look into“调查”；live upon“靠……生活”；fight for“为……而奋斗”。] 2． A．greedy B．achievable C．shallow D．wild D　[下文提到Lola撕掉了那页日记，因为她不相信自己的梦想，所以可以推测，她觉得自己的梦想是不切实际的，故选D。wild“不切实际的，异想天开的，不合常理的”；greedy“贪婪的”；achievable“可以完成的，可达到的”；shallow“肤浅的”。] 3． A．imagined B．regretted C．added D．recalled D　[根据下文中的“I was 14 then...but that's 4 now”可知，空后Lola提到了当时的情况，所以推断这里是Lola在回忆(recalled)撕掉那页日记这件事，故选D。imagine“想象”；regret“后悔”；add“补充说”。] 4． A．changing B．strengthening C．worsening D．speeding A　[上文中Lola提到年轻女孩们很难将自己看作强壮的运动型个体，再根据空前的but可知，这里与上文内容之间存在转折关系，即现在这种情况正在发生改变(changing)，故选A。strengthen“增强”；worsen“恶化”；speed“加快”。] 5． A．resolution B．doubt C．confidence D．worry B　[根据 Despite 以及上文提到的Lola撕掉那页写了自己梦想的日记并且不相信自己的梦想可知，她起初对自己的梦想是怀疑、不确定的，尽管如此，她还是在父亲的支持下开始了划艇运动，故选B。doubt“怀疑”；resolution“决心”；confidence“信心”；worry“担忧”。] 6． A．studied B．battled C．defeated D．prevented B　[根据下文中的“but his faith in his daughter's dream remained(但是他对女儿梦想的信念留下来了)”并结合常识可以推测，Lola的父亲当时正在与癌症抗争(battled)，故选B。defeat“打败”；prevent“阻止，防止”。] 7． A．wish B．blow C．promise D．surprise D　[根据下文中的“the page she had torn from her diary”和“Don had found it in the trash and kept it”可知，父亲在垃圾桶里发现了那页日记并保存了下来，所以应该是给了Lola一个惊喜(surprise)，故选D。wish“愿望”；blow“打击”；promise“承诺”。] 8． A．threw B．revealed C．folded D．released B　[根据下文可知，父亲在垃圾桶里发现了那页日记，这里是说他向Lola展示了(revealed)它，故选B。throw“扔”；fold“折叠”；release“放开，松开”。] 9． A．advocating B．proving C．feeling D．wondering C　[根据上文可知，父亲发现并保存了Lola撕掉的那页日记，说明他“感觉”女儿某天可能会需要它，故选C。feel“感觉”；advocate“提倡”；prove“证明”；wonder“感到疑惑”。] 10．A．passed away B．died off C．set off D．went away A　[根据上文中的“cancer”和空后的“but his faith...remained”可推测，Lola的父亲几个月后去世了，但他对自己女儿的梦想的信念留下来了，故选A。pass away “去世”；die off“相继死去”；set off“出发”；go away“离开”。] 11．A．happened B．mattered C．arrived D．worked D　[根据上文中的“but his faith...remained”和下文中的“the gold medal”，以及最后一段中的“from a self­doubting teenager to an Olympic champion”可推测，Lola获得了奥运金牌。所以可以推测，这里是说，父亲预言性的表示发挥了作用。故选D。work“起作用”；happen“发生”；matter“重要”；arrive“到达”。] 12．A．bagged B．forgotten C．lost D．recovered A　[根据最后一段中的“from a self­doubting teenager to an Olympic champion”可知，她的队伍以0.15秒的优势获得了金牌，故A项符合语境，此处是bag的熟词生义用法，意为“获得”；forget“忘记”；lose“失去”；recover “重新获得，赢回”。] 13．A．support B．team C．medal D．rowing C　[Lola提到那页日记虽然只是一张纸，却是她拥有的最宝贵的东西，再根据上下文可知Lola获得了奥运金牌，所以这里是说，现在可能除了那页日记，还有刚赢得的奖牌(medal)一起都是她最宝贵的东西，故选C。] 14．A．journey B．range C．departure D．achievement A　[文章主要以一页被撕掉的日记为线索，介绍了Lola从自我怀疑的少女到奥运冠军的转变，故journey“旅行，行程”符合语境。range“范围”；departure“出发”；achievement“成就”。] 15．A．advice B．belief C．memory D．proof D　[serve as表示“充当，用作”，这里是说Lola Anderson从自我怀疑的少女到奥运冠军的转变过程，证明了梦想的力量和父爱的持久影响，故选D。advice“建议”；belief“信念”；memory“记忆”；proof“证明”。] Ⅲ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1．5分，共15分) (2025·惠州市高三第二次调研考试)Inspired by Marco Polo, Vienna Cammarota set off from the legendary explorer's hometown of Venice to retrace the route on foot.Beginning in Venice on April 26, 2022, 1 well­known hiker in her 70s arrived in China on August 29, 2024, covering more than 20, 000 kilometers. Cammarota has long been an adventurous and culturally driven traveler.When 2 (ask) why she challenged herself 3 such an old age, she answered, “Each new journey brings me fresh experiences and 4 (memory).”During this journey, many kindhearted people in countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative 5 (help) her, making her long journey more fulfilling and 6 (enjoy). The moment she set foot in China, Cammarota was 7 (warm) greeted by people who presented her with a wreath symbolizing friendship and blessings.8 (start) from the ancient city of Kashgar in the autonomous region, Cammarota will embark on a 15­month cultural journey across China and explore over 30 cities in 17 provinces, through 9 she will showcase China's true image, rich culture and social harmony to the world.It 10 (believe) that her experiences will not only attract more international tourists to China, but also promote cultural dissemination (传播) and economic development in cities involved in the BRI. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位70多岁的著名徒步旅行者维娜·卡玛洛塔受马可·波罗启发，从威尼斯出发，历经两年多到达中国并在中国开启文化之旅的故事。她的经历将吸引更多国际游客到中国来，并促进“一带一路”沿线城市的文化传播和经济发展。 1．the　[考查冠词。在本篇文章中这个主人公是第二次提到，故用定冠词the表特指。句意：2022年4月26日从威尼斯出发，这位著名的70多岁的徒步旅行者于2024年8月29日抵达中国，行程超过两万公里。] 2．asked　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该动词和主句主语she之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作状语。此处也可理解为状语从句的省略，When asked 相当于When she was asked。] 3．at　[考查介词。此处考查at an...age这一惯用表达，表示“在……年纪”。] 4．memories　[考查名词复数。根据and前后的一致性以及memory为可数名词可知，此处应用复数形式memories。句意：每一次新的旅程都给我带来新鲜的体验和回忆。] 5．helped　[考查动词时态。分析句子成分可知，该空在句子中作谓语动词，同时该句话时间状语为“During this journey”，故此处应用一般过去时helped。句意：在这次旅程中，“一带一路”沿线国家的许多善良的人帮助了她，使她漫长的旅程更加充实和愉快。] 6．enjoyable　[考查形容词。设空处和前面的fulfilling并列，共同作宾语“her long journey”的补足语，故用enjoyable。] 7．warmly　[考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词，故用副词形式warmly。句意：维娜·卡玛洛塔一踏上中国的土地，就受到了人们的热烈欢迎，人们送给她一个象征着友谊和祝福的花环。] 8．Starting　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，设空处作状语，和主句主语维娜·卡玛洛塔之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且位于句首，故用Starting。句意：从自治区的古城喀什出发，维娜·卡玛洛塔将开启为期15个月的中国文化之旅，探索17个省的30多座城市。通过这次旅行，她将向世界展示中国的真实形象、丰富的文化和社会和谐。] 9．which　[考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知，设空处指代先行词“a 15­month cultural journey”作介词through的宾语，through与该空一起引导非限制性定语从句。故用关系代词 which。] 10．is believed　[考查固定句型。It is believed that...是固定句型，表示“人们相信……”。句意：人们相信，她的经历不仅会吸引更多的国际游客来到中国，而且还会促进“一带一路”沿线市的文化传播和经济发展。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $