2026届高三英语一轮复习名词性从句全案 ——系统梳理+考点剖析+对点训练 导学案

该高中英语高考复习导学案系统梳理了名词性从句核心考点，涵盖定义、分类、引导词功能及高考八大考查热点，通过“解题策略三步走”和课文原句示例解析，引导学生从从句性质判定、成分分析到引导词选择自主构建知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于诊断性即时练和对比辨析任务设计，如引导词填空、汉译英等自测工具帮助学生自主诊断薄弱点，通过that/whether、what/that等引导词对比培养思维品质，任务驱动式学习提升语言能力和学习能力，教师可依据学情精准指导，助力高效备考。

高三一轮复习——名词性从句高考核心考点讲与练 1． 基本定义 (Definition) 在复合句中充当名词功能的从句被称之为名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。 2． 名词性从句的分类（4 categories） 依据其在句中的语法功能，名词性从句可分为四类： 类别 位置 主语从句 位于句首，或借用it作为形式主语，把主语从句置后 宾语从句 位于及物动词或介词之后 表语从句 位于系动词之后 同位语从句 位于名词之后，解释该名词的具体内容 3． 名词性从句引导词的分类及其功能一览表（加粗划线词为常考词） 类别 引导词 功能 从属连词/ 连接词 that 在从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，也无意义，用于陈述确定的事实。 whether/if 在从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，译为“是否”，表不确定的事情。 as if/as though 在从句中不充当任何成分，译为“好像”，主要用于引导表语从句。 because 在从句中不充当任何成分，译为“因为”，主要用于引导表语从句。 连接代词 who 指“人”，在从句中作主语，强调“谁做了某事”。 whoever 指“人”，在从句中作主语，强调“做了某事的任何人”，相当于anyone who whom 指“人”，在从句中作宾语，强调“谁做了某事”。 whomever 指“人”，在从句中作宾语，强调“做了某事的任何人” what 指“事物”或“人的身份、职业、特征、状态”，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 whatever 指 “...的任何东西”，有强调意味，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语， 相当于anything that。 which/whichever 指 “哪个、哪些”，在从句中可作定语、主语、宾语、表语，往往有选择的范围。 whose 指“谁的”，在从句中作定语，后加名词。 连接副词 when/whenever 指“时间”，在从句中作时间状语。 whenever强调“任何时候” Where/wherever 指“地点”，在从句中作地点状语。 wherever强调“任何地点” how/however 指“方式”，在从句中作方式状语。however强调“任何方式” why 指“原因”，在从句中作原因状语，译为“为什么”。 4． 名词性从句解题策略三步走 Step 1. 分析从句的性质 根据从句在句中所处位置，判定其为何种类型的从句。 Step 2. 分析从句是否完整 即分析从句中是否缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、或不缺少任何成分。难点是判断从句中的动词是及物或是不及物动词。 Step 3. 依据从句的是否完整而选择具有相应功能的从属连词、连接代词或连接副词。 ①若从句中不缺少任何成分，则选择相应的从属连词/连接词； ②若从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语，则选择相应的连接代词； ③若从句中缺少状语，则选择相应的连接副词。 5． 课文原句摘选示例解析 1. __________ concerned him most was __________ farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 答案解析：What；that What 连接代词引导置于句首的主语从句，在从句中作动词“concerned”前的主语，意为“…的事情”； that 从属连词引导谓语“was”之后的表语从句，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，陈述事实。 2. __________ this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 答案解析：How How 连接副词引导置于句首的主语从句，在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何……”。整个从句“How this could be done”（这件事如何才能做到）在句中作主语。 3. Yuan was convinced __________ the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 答案解析：that that 从属连词引导“was convinced”后的宾语从句，因从句完整，故用that，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，陈述事实。 4. One characteristic of hybrid is __________ they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. 答案解析： that that 从属连词引导“is”后的表语从句，因从句完整，故用that陈述一个确定的事实。 5. __________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 答案解析：Whether Whether 从属连词引导主语从句，意为“是否……”。整个从句“Whether it was possible...”（是否有可能……）是句子的主语, 该句中主句的谓语动词为第二个“was”。注意：这里不能用“if”，因为“if”不能引导位于句首的主语从句。 6. Today, it is estimated __________ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. 答案解析：that that 从属连词引导主语从句。“It is estimated that...”（据估计……）中“It”是形式主语，因主语从句完整，且陈述事实，故用that引导。 7. __________ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 答案解析：What What 链接代词引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。整个从句“What impresses people most”（最让人印象深刻的事情）是句子的主语， 主句谓语动词是is。 8. Despite his advanced years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see __________ he would dream up next. 答案解析：what what 连接代词引导see后的宾语从句，从句中“dream up”（想出）后缺少宾语，指“事物、东西”，故用what引导。 9. Over time, however, __________ some scientists have found is __________ their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health. 答案解析：what; that what 连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中作“found”（发现）的宾语，意为“一些科学家发现的东西”； that 从属连词引导“is”后的表语从句，从句完整，解释主语（科学家发现的东西）的具体内容。 10. __________ different crops are grown is __________ they put important minerals back into the ground. 答案解析：Why; that Why 连接副词引导主语从句，意为“……的原因”, 在主语从句中作原因状语，整个从句“Why different crops are grown”（种植不同作物的原因）是句子的主语； that 从属连词引导表语从句，不作成分，陈述事实情况。 11. __________ keeps them from doing so is the fact __________ chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 答案解析： What；that What 连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中作“keeps” 的主语，意为“阻止他们这样做的事情”； that 从属连词引导同位语从句，用来解释名词“the fact”的具体内容。同位语从句的引导词“that”不作成分，只起连接作用。 12. __________ Yuan Longping had realized his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world. 答案解析：That That 从属连词引导置于句首的主语从句，因从句完整，且陈述事实，故用that引导。本句中主句的谓语动词为“surprised”。 13. Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed __________ it could be overcome. 答案解析：how how 连接副词引导“showed”之后的宾语从句，且在从句中作方式状语，指霍乱被攻克的方式。 14. __________ might have made Qian Xuesen such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 答案解析：What What 连接代词引导置于句首的主语从句，在从句中作“might have made” 前的主语，该句中主句谓语动词为“was”。 15. At first, Xie Lei had no idea __________ she should say, but __________ surprised her was __________ she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. 答案解析：what; what; that what 连接代词引导名词“no idea”后的同位语从句，解释”idea”的具体内容，因从句中“should say”缺少宾语，故用what作宾语。 what 连接代词引导动词“surprised”前的主语从句,在从句中作主语； that 从属连词引导表语从句，因表语从句句子完整，陈述事实，故用that引导。 六．名词性从句在高考中的考查热点 热点1：根据具体语境选用适当的引导词 （从属连词；连接代词；连接副词） 热点2：几对重要引导词的区别: that/whether; whether/if; what/that; who/whoever; what/whatever 热点3：名词性从句的语序 (陈述句语序；主要体现在写作中) 热点4：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 热点5：名词性从句的主谓一致 热点6：it 用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句或宾语从句； 热点7：同位语从句和定语从句的区别; 热点8：名从与定从、状从及强调句的区别 高考考查热点精讲 热点1 见上（三、四、五）。 热点2 that与whether的区别 that在名词性从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，也无意义，用于陈述确定的事实。 whether在名词性从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，译为“是否”，表不确定的事情。 即时练：填入适当的引导词 1. It remains to be seen ____________ the new policy will ease traffic congestion. 2. There is ongoing debate over____________ online education will take the place of traditional classrooms. 3. She told me she had finished her essay and ____________ she would go to the library. 4. ____________she declined the invitation to the ball surprised all her friends. 5. We were all thrilled to hear the news ____________ our school will build a new laboratory. 6. ____________ the art exhibition will extend its opening hours depends on visitor feedback. Suggested answers: 1. whether (重要句型：it remains to be seen whether ... 是否...还尚待分晓。) 2. whether (介词后的宾语从句） 3. that（宾语从句） 4. That （主语从句） 5. that（同位语从句） 6. Whether if与whether的区别 只用whether的情况： 1、whether可以引导放于句首的主语从句，而if 不能； 2、whether可以引导放于介词之后的宾语从句，而if 不能； 3、whether可以引导表语从句，而if 不能； 4、whether可以引导同位语从句，而if 不能； 5、和 or not 连用时，只用whether，不用if。 6、和to do 连用时，只用whether，不用if。 可以用if 的2种情况 1、if可以引导及物动词后的宾语从句 （whether也可以）； 2、if可以引导不放于句首的主语从句（whether 也可以）。 Notes：★ 在名词性从句中表“是否”，表“是否”，whether都是对的。 ★ 但在条件状语从句中表“如果”，只能填 if。 即时练：填入适当的引导词 1. I asked her __________ she had an e-dictionary. 2. I don’t know __________ he is well or not. 3. __________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 4. It hasn’t been decided __________ we shall attend the meeting. 5.We’re worried about __________ he is safe and sound. 6. The question is __________ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question __________ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don’t know __________ to go or to stay at home. Suggested answers: 1. whether/if 2. whether 3. Whether 4. whether 5. whether 6. whether 7. whether 8. whether that与what的区别 引导词 名词性从句 定语从句 that 在名从中叫从属连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起引导词作用。 在定从中叫关系代词，在从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语。 what 在名从中叫连接代词，在从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。 what不能引导定语从句。 E.g. 1. What is known to all is that the old scientist is still devoted to advancing the medical development. 解析：What 引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语； that引导表语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分。 2. He believes that his experience in this place is what shapes him into an adult. 解析：that引导believe后的宾语从句，在从句中不充当成分，因在动词“believes”之后，故可以省略； what引导表语从句，因表语从句中动词“shapes”前少主语，所以用连接代词what充当主语。 3. What the company announced yesterday has confirmed the news that the new product will be launched next month. 解析：What 引导主语从句，在从句中作“announced”的宾语； that 引导“the news”后的同位语从句，在从句中不充当成分。 who与whoever的区别 who引导名词性从句，指“人”，在从句中作主语，强调“谁做了某事”； Whoever引导名词性从句，指“人”， 在从句中作主语，但强调“做了某事的任何人”。 即时练：填入适当的引导词 1. I don’ t know _________ is knocking at the door. 2. _________ is late for the meeting will be punished . 3. The reward will be given to _________ wins the talent show. 4. _________ will go to attend the meeting hasn’t been decided. 5. _________ is interested in calligraphy is warmly welcome to participate in our activity. 6. _________ attends the party will have a chance to take a photo with the super star. Suggested answers： 1. who （强调事） 2. Whoever (强调迟到的任何人） 3. whoever (强调赢得比赛的任何人） 4. Who （强调事，事情尚未决定。） 5. Whoever (强调感兴趣的任何人） 6. Whoever (强调出席聚会的任何人) what与whatever的区别 what引导名词性从句，指“事、物”或“人的身份、职业、特征、状态”等，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语； whatever指 “...的任何东西”，有强调意味，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语， 相当于anything that。 即时练：英译汉 1. What shapes our character is whatever we experience in daily life. _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. Parents should not always satisfy whatever demands their kids make. _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. You can talk about whatever troubles you with your best friends. _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. What truly matters is that we can adapt to whatever changes the future brings, no matter what unexpected situations occur. _____________________________________________________________________________________. Suggested answers: 1. 塑造我们性格的是日常生活中经历的一切。 2. 父母不该总是满足孩子提出的任何要求。 3. 你可以和你最好的朋友聊聊困扰你的任何事情。 4. 真正重要的是，无论发生什么意外情况，我们都能适应未来的任何变化。 热点3：名词性从句的语序 (名词性从句要采用陈述句语序；主要考查题型：书面表达) 1. The photographs will show you what our village looks like. （宾语从句用陈述语序） 2. What we can not get seems better than what we have. （主语从句、宾语从句用陈述语序） 3. Why she refused the invitation is still a mystery. （主语从句用陈述语序） 4. Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest station? （宾语从句用陈述语序） 5. The question is who will be responsible for this project. （表语从句用陈述语序） 6. We were excited to hear the news that our team had won the football match. （同位语从句用陈述语序） 即时练：汉译英 1. 他环顾四周，不知道接下来他应该做点什么。（宾从） ______________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 你无法想象当我得知你被理想的大学录取的消息时我是多么激动！（宾从+同位语从句） ______________________________________________________________________________________. Suggested answers: 1. He looked around, not knowing what he should do next. 2. You can’t imagine how excited I was when I heard the news that you have been admitted to your ideal university. 热点4：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 （主要考查题型：语法填空、书面表达） ①所有表“建议、命令、要求”的名词性从句，要采用虚拟语气，动词形式为(should) +do/be done. ②在句型 It is + important/essential/vital/crucial /necessary/strange that...中，that引导主语从句，常采用虚拟语气，动词形式为 (should) +do/be done. ③wish +宾从的虚拟语气。 即时练：用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. It’s required that all applicants _____________ (submit)their application forms before Friday. 2. The customer demanded that the shop _____________ (refund) her money for the defective product. 3. The final order is that all military supplies _____________ (deliver) to the border within a week. 4. Our head teacher put forward a proposal that more extracurricular activities _____________ (organize) to enrich our school life. 5. It is necessary that the problem _____________ (solve) before the deadline. 6. I wish that I _____________ (pass) the last exam at my first attempt. Suggested answers: 1. (should) have 主语从句 2. (should) refund 宾语从句 3. (should) be delivered 表语从句 4. (should) be organized 同位语从句 5. （should）be solved 6. had passed 热点5：名词性从句的主谓一致 1. 单个从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。 2. 由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓语动词用单数。 3. 主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓语动词用复数。 4. what在主从中做宾语时，谓语的单复数取决它后面的表语。 即时练： 1. Whether we will go hiking tomorrow ___________(depend) on the weather. 2. When and where the accident occurred ___________ (be) still under investigation. 3. Where she will travel and who will go with her ___________ (be) her own choices. 4. What he wants most ___________ (be) staying with his family. 5. What they need ___________ (be) more opportunities to practice spoken English. Suggested answers: 1. depends 2. is 3. are 4. is; are 热点6：it 用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句或宾语从句（直接考查题型：语法填空;书面表达） ① It 作形式主语代替主语从句的常见句型 1. It + be +形容词+主语从句 做......是......的 E.g. It’s obvious that learning a new skill takes time and patience. 2. It + be+过去分词+主语从句 据...... E.g. It is proposed that a new hospital (should) be built in this district. 3. It +be +名词+主语从句 做......是......的 E.g. It’s no wonder that she’s in good shape, for she works out at the gym every morning.（不足为奇的是...） 4. It+不及物动词+主语从句 (★读后读写高频句式) E.g. It happened that they were out that day. 碰巧的是... It occurred to me that it I had left behind my keys. 我想起... It dawned on me that this was the most important decision of my life 我明白... It turned out that the problem was much simpler than we had thought. 结果... 5. It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句 E.g. It shocked me that he cheated in this exam. It struck me that life is beautiful and fleeting. ② it 作形式宾语代替主语从句的常见句型 1. 主语+ 动词 + it + adj. + 宾语从句 2. 主语+ 动词 + it + n. + 宾语从句 (Tip: 这里的动词常考的有 认知类：think/find/ consider/feel/believe... 使役类：make/keep... 情感类like/dislike/hate其它：take...） 3. 常见固定结构 owe it to sb. that... 幸亏了某人才得以... take it for granted that... 认为...理所当然 see to it that... 务必；确保 depend/rely on it that... 取决于/依靠... keep/bear (it) in mind that... 牢记 E.g. 1. We thought it strange that Xiao Wang was absent from such an important meeting.我们觉得奇怪，小王居然没来参加这么重要的会议。 2. The school makes it a rule that students must wear uniforms. 学校规定学生必须穿校服。 3. I owe it to my parents that I have become what I am today. 多亏了父母我才能成为今天的样子。 4. We often take it for granted that our parents will always be there for us. 我们经常理所当然地认为父母会一直陪伴在我们身边。 热点7：同位语从句和定语从句的区别（尤以that作为引导词是难点） 1. 在复合句中担当同位语的从句叫作同位语从句，同位语从句置于名词之后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。★that 在同位语从句中不充当成分。 2. 在复合句中担任定语的从句叫作定语从句，定语从句置于名词或代词之后，是对该名词或代词的修饰。★that在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 即时练：Underline and identify the Noun Clauses or Attributive Clauses. 1. His suggestion that we donate books to the rural schools is highly praised. 2. The suggestion that he put forward at the meeting was highly praised. 3. She broke her promise that she made to her grandparents to accompany them during the winter holiday. 4. She made a promise that she would accompany her grandparents during the winter holiday. 5. The fact that many endangered animals are losing their habitats worries environmentalists worldwide. 6. He revealed to me the fact that was hidden from the public for decades. 7. The boy refused to give up his dream despite the fact that everyone around him said it was impossible. 8. Her words are a gentle reminder that I should believe in myself. Suggested answers: 1. His suggestion that we donate books to the rural schools is highly praised. （同位语从句，说明建议的内容，that不作成分。） 2. The suggestion that he put forward at the meeting was highly praised. （定语从句，修饰建议，that充当“put forward”的宾语。） 3. She broke the promise that she made to her grandparents to accompany them during the winter holiday. （定语从句，修饰“the promise”， that 充当“made”的宾语） 4. She made a promise that she would accompany her grandparents during the winter holiday. （同位语从句，说明承诺的内容， that 不作成分。） 5. The fact that many endangered animals are losing their habitats worries environmentalists worldwide. （同位语从句，说明事实的内容，that不作成分。） 6. He revealed to me the fact that was hidden from the public for decades. （定语从句，修饰“the fact”,that 在从句中作主语。） 7. The boy refused to give up his dream despite the fact that everyone around him said it was impossible. （同位语从句，说明事实的内容，that不作成分。） 8. Her words are a gentle reminder that I should believe in myself. （同位语从句，说明“a gentle reminder”的内容，that不作成分。） 热点8：名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句及强调句的区别 1. 名词性从句在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。名从引导词有3类：从属连词；连接代词；连接副词。 2. 定语从句在复合句中充当定语。定从引导词有2类：关系代词；关系副词。 3. 状语从句在复合句中状语。状从引导词主要有8类：表时间when/while/since/as/before/after/until...; 表地点 where/wherever; 表原因because/since/as/now that...; 表条件 if/unless/as long as...; 表让步 although/though/while/even though/ even if/ no matter... ; 表目的 so that/ in order that...; 表结果 so/such...that.. ; 表方式 as/as if/as though 4. 强调句用来强调句子中的某个成分（除谓语外）。 It is/was +被强调成分（除谓语）+ that/who + 句子其余部分。 Tips: 无论被强调的部分为“人”或“物”， 都可用that; 当被强调成分为“人”，也可使用“who”。 即时练：单句语法填空 1. __________ breaks the school regulations will be severely punished. 2. __________ Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity. 3. We should not take it for granted __________ technology will solve all our problems. 4. Anyone __________ is interested in painting is warmly welcome to participate in our event. 5. __________ is is interested in painting is warmly welcome to participate in our event. 6. This experience will serve as a reminder __________ diligence and persistence eventually pay off. 7. I was browsing the Internet __________ an interesting article caught my eye. 8. We have entered an age __________ artificial intelligence is widely used in daily life. 9. It was on this stage __________ her dream of becoming a singer finally came true. 10. It is not until we lose our health __________ we start to take it seriously. 11. He’s looking for a job __________ he can apply his technical skills and creativity. 12. Society often measures success by one’s job title or bank account, and that is __________ I disagree. 13. Recently, scientists have started a debate on __________ the computers will “think” like human in half a century. 14. I still remember the day on __________ I received my college acceptance letter. 15. Despite the fact __________ his legs were trembling with exhaustion, he refused to give up and kept climbing towards the summit. 16. Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 17. She said her ideal was to enter a key university and _______ she would work hard to make it come true. 18. From space, the earth looks blue. This is _________ about 71 percent of its surface is covered by water. 19. The reason __________ he failed the mid-term exam is __________ he didn’t review his lessons systematically. 20. It is proposed that a new community center __________(build) in the neighborhood. Suggested answers: 1. Whoever (引导主语从句） 2. What (引导主语从句） 3. that (引导宾语从句） 4. who (引导定语从句） 5. Whoever (引导主语从句） 6. that (引导同位语从句） 7. when (引导状语从句，固定句式 was /were doing... when... 正在做...突然...) 8. when（引导定语从句） 9. that （强调句） 10. that（强调句） 11. where（引导定语从句） 12. where（引导表语从句） 13. whether（引导宾语从句） 14. which (引导定语从句) 15. that（引导同位语从句） 16. what （引导宾语从句中的主语从句，宾从引导词that被省略了） 17. that（引导and并列的宾语从句） 18. because （引导表语从句） 19. why（引导定语从句）；that（引导表语从句） 20. (should) be built （考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $