选择性必修第二册 UNIT 3 Fit for life（课后提能案）-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学用word（译林版）

UNIT 3　Fit for life Ⅰ.阅读理解 　　（2025·邵阳联考）In the second half of the 18th century， a British doctor named Edward Jenner gave his gardener’s son cowpox （牛痘） and then deliberately infected him with smallpox （天花） to test his assumption that people who were frequently exposed to cowpox， a similar but less severe virus， would avoid catching smallpox.It worked and cowpox as the vaccine （疫苗） was highly effective.“Vaccination”， from the Latin word for cow， soon became commonplace. 　　Challenge trials are forms of research where， rather than relying on data from natural infections， we intentionally expose someone to a disease in order to test the effectiveness of a vaccine or treatment.Things have changed a lot since Jenner’s time， of course， when it was not uncommon for doctors to conduct this kind of research.Even so， there’s a continuous sense that there’s something immoral about making someone ill on purpose. 　　But this shouldn’t blind us to the extraordinary power of challenge trials.They could become increasingly important weapons in the medical research， in a situation where vaccine technology is advancing and the threat of diseases jumping from animals into human beings is increasing. 　　Much has been done to reduce the risks of challenge trials.Like respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）， researchers have involved adults who are at a low risk of severe illness.These acts have already cut down a massive range of vaccine candidates.But not all diseases are like these ones.We don’t always know the dangers volunteers might face； we don’t always have treatments ready.What then？ 　　We could， of course， just avoid these questions entirely， and rely on other types of research.But that doesn’t always work： Sometimes， animal testing is tricky and uninformative， because the disease doesn’t develop in the same way as it would in humans.In contrast， challenge trials can be deeply informative within weeks， with far fewer volunteers.And the benefits can be surprisingly high. 　　In order to make sure we are as protected as possible from current and future threats， we should try to get rid of the misbelief in challenge trials， making them a more familiar part of our tool kits.Perhaps the greatest reward of all would be to make sure participants’ efforts are worthwhile： by designing trials to be fair and effective and applying them when and where they might make a real difference.In short， by helping them to save thousands， if not millions of lives. 1.The author tells the story of Edward Jenner with the intention of 　　　　.（　　） A.defining what are challenge trials　 B.showing the origin of the word “vaccination” C.emphasizing the importance of his vaccine　 D.introducing the topic of challenge trials 2.What can be inferred from the passage？（　　） A.The issues behind challenge trials are easy to solve. B.Despite the risks， challenge trials can benefit numerous lives. C.The dangers of challenge trials outweigh the benefits they bring. D.Challenge trials can prevent the development of vaccine technologies. 3.What does the author intend to tell us？（　　） A.A cautious attitude should be taken towards challenge trials. B.Challenge trials guarantee participants protection against threats. C.People should be more open to challenge trials. D.The accuracy of challenge trials can be improved with more volunteers involved. 4.What can be the best title for the passage？（　　） A.Can Challenge Trials Block Medical Progress？ B.Should We Use Challenge Trials to Find Cures？ C.Can Challenge Trials Put an End to Infectious Diseases？ D.Should We Replace Animal Testing with Challenge Trials？ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·衡阳一中模拟）In a joint effort to enhance public awareness about stroke symptoms and timely action， health experts have recently illustrated the critical importance of early recognition and immediate response to stroke signs.Among the experts， Dr Sonia Lal Gupta and Dr Vipul Gupta highlighted the FAST method as a guide for identifying stroke symptoms quickly.5.（　　）. 　　Understanding Stroke and the FAST Method 　　Strokes can strike suddenly.They will lead to devastating neurological damage if not addressed promptly.Dr Sonia Lal Gupta stresses the suddenness of stroke symptoms.6.（　　）.The FAST stands for Face drooping， Arm weakness， Speech difficulties， and Time to call emergency services.Recognizing these signs can be the difference between life and death. 　　7.（　　） 　　While some stroke risk factors， such as age and family history， are beyond individual control， Dr Vipul Gupta points out that lifestyle choices play a significant role in stroke prevention.High blood pressure， smoking， and obesity are among the modifiable （可改变的） risk factors.8.（　　）.Adopting a healthy lifestyle can also largely decrease the likelihood of experiencing a stroke. 　　Immediate Actions and Treatment 　　9.（　　）.Dr Vipul Gupta emphasizes the importance of acting swiftly， even if symptoms appear to recede （逐渐减弱）.Early medical intervention can lead to better outcomes and potentially save lives.While awaiting medical help， keeping the stroke victim calm， comfortable， and still is advised.Depending on the type of stroke， treatment options may vary. A.Controllable Factors and Habits B.Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies C.Doing regular check-ups is essential for avoiding diseases D.Individuals can address those factors to lower their stroke risk E.They emphasized the significance of timely medical intervention F.Upon recognizing the signs of a stroke， the immediate step is to call emergency services G.The symptoms can include facial drooping， arm weakness， speech difficulties， and so on Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　你校英语社团在为6月6日全国爱眼日的特刊进行征稿，主题是“保护眼睛，科学用眼”。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 　　（1）目前高中生的用眼问题； 　　（2）保护眼睛的方法。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 3　Fit for life Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了医学研究中的挑战试验，并阐述了挑战试验的优势和重要性。 1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Challenge trials are forms ...the effectiveness of a vaccine or treatment.可知，作者讲述爱德华·詹纳的故事是为了介绍挑战试验的话题。 2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段内容可推知，尽管有风险，但挑战试验可以使许多生命受益。 3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的In order to make sure ...our tool kits.可推知，作者想告诉我们对挑战试验应采取更开放的态度。 4.B　标题归纳题。文章首段通过爱德华·詹纳的故事引入挑战试验的话题，接下来介绍了挑战试验这种研究形式及其在有风险的情况下对医学研究的重要性。最后，作者呼吁对挑战试验应采取更开放的态度。因此，B项（我们应该使用挑战试验来寻找治疗方法吗？）是本文最佳标题。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中风的症状、影响中风的因素及预防措施，并强调了对中风早期识别与及时反应的重要性。 5.E　空前一句提到两位专家强调FAST方法可以用于快速识别中风症状。E项（他们强调了及时医疗介入的重要性）符合语境，E项中的They指代空前一句中的两位专家。 6.G　空前一句提到Sonia Lal Gupta医生强调中风症状的突发性。G项直接列举了中风的症状，符合语境。 7.B　本段前两句讨论了除了年龄和家族史这些不可控因素外，生活方式的改变对预防中风有很大的影响。B项（风险因素以及预防策略）符合语境。 8.D　空前提到可改变的中风风险因素，如高血压、吸烟和肥胖。D项直接回应了空前提到的可控制因素，强调可通过个人努力减少中风风险，符合语境。 9.F　根据Immediate Actions and Treatment可知，空处也应该是关于迅速采取行动的，F项（一发现中风症状，立即措施就是给急救服务打电话）符合语境。 Ⅲ. 　　Given that the National Eyes Caring Day is around the corner， it is essential that we should raise our awareness of protecting our eyes. 　　Recent years has witnessed a sharp decline in students’ eyesight.In today’s digital age， high school students，in particular，are spending long hours reading，writing，and using electronic devices.The overuse of eyes can lead to various eye problems，which may have a major impact on students’ learning and even affect the quality of life. 　　Faced with such a serious problem，it would be wise for us students to participate in more outdoor activities rather than fix our eyes on electronic devices constantly.What’s more， we should arrange our study schedule properly to guarantee our rest and sleep. 　　It is high time that we took action to protect our eyes. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $