选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1 The mass media（课后提能案）-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学用word（译林版）

选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1　The mass media 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了人物王福春，他以深度描写中国铁路沿线生活而闻名，他用引人入胜的照片捕捉了中国不断变化的景观的本质。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，王福春是通过记录火车上人们生活的变化来展示中国的变化的。 2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，王福春喜欢偷偷拍照的原因是为了更好地反映现实。 3.A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句可知，在现代飞速奔驰的列车上，人们只关注自己。 4.B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，四十年里，王福春乘坐过1 000多次列车， 走过了10万公里的路程， 拍摄了大约20万张照片。由此可推知，他是一个热衷的、专注一件事的人。再结合最后两段内容，从火车的变化以及火车上人们生活的变化可知，作者感受到了中国的变化。由此可推知，他又是一个善于观察的人。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的On social media platforms， algorithms are mainly ...coming back to the platforms.可知，社交媒体算法的目标是提高媒体平台点击率。 6.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的One of the key outcomes ...might be an important source of greater political conflict.可推知，作者提到“虚假极化”是为了说明结论。 7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Some research team is working ...make people’s social perceptions more accurate.可知，算法将得到改进，以提高参与度和调节放大。 8.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体的算法影响了人类的社交，一些人利用算法放大来推销自己，新闻充斥着负面和道德信息，因此存在冲突而不是合作。因此，C项（社交媒体算法扭曲了人类的社交学习）为文章最佳标题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 1　The mass media 阅读理解 A 　　Noted for his profound description of life along the Chinese railway， Wang Fuchun passed away on 13 March 2021 at the age of 79.His engaging photographs capture the substance of China’s ever-changing landscape. 　　Being artistic and good at painting and calligraphy， Wang found that photography bridged the two worlds： he could make art with his camera and increasingly he felt that his goal was not art， but life. 　　In the late 1970s， when he started taking his photographs， everyone on a railway platform looked reserved and orderly.By the late 1980s， a great rush to the cities had begun on the trains.He recorded young migrant workers shedding their shirts， running with sweat， seeking coolness on top of the seats.He did not ask anyone’s permission to take them， and he preferred to act secretly， like a thief in a way， as it captured the authentic （真实的） moments of people’s lives — and so mirrored all the more clearly how China was changing. 　　His project was all-consuming.Over 40 years he estimated he had ridden on 1，000 trains and covered more than 100，000 kilometers， on every line in China.Each trip was neatly noted down in a notebook； he took about 200，000 pictures， and logged each by its place.From those pictures， he felt the migrants’ poverty too keenly， and he preferred to capture the hope that pushed people on to trains. 　　China was rushing to the modern world.Steam was fading； the green-skinned trains acquired fans and air-conditioning.Then came express trains， then high-speed rail.The aisles were clear， the windows sealed.However， in the reclining seats （躺椅座位）， everyone reclined.In the ordinary seats， everyone’s noses were buried in their tablets and their phones. 　　He liked the message of hope； he was proud of what China had achieved.But how sad， he also thought that on that dashing train there was no mess， no collision of life and no good subjects for him， and that Chinese people should once again look so orderly， reserved and unconcerned about each other， even on a train. 1.How did Wang Fuchun reveal the changes in China with his camera？（　　） A.By creating art works on railway platforms. B.By documenting migrant workers’ daily lives. C.By recording the transformation of life on the train. D.By capturing a great rush to cities along the railway. 2.Why did Wang Fuchun prefer to take photographs secretly？（　　） A.To perform his duty.　 B.To reflect reality better. C.To avoid disturbing people.　 D.To satisfy his curiosity. 3.What did Wang Fuchun find about the passengers on the modern train？（　　） A.They only focused on themselves.　 B.They were quite messy and disorganized. C.They were interested in the reclining seats.　 D.They were engaged in lively conversations. 4.Which of the following words can best describe Wang Fuchun？（　　） A.Friendly and considerate.　 B.Devoted and observant. C.Talented and humorous.　 D.Optimistic and generous. B 　　（2025·扬州模拟）Nowadays， people are increasingly interacting with others in social media environments where algorithms control the flow of social information they see.People’s interactions with online algorithms may affect how they learn from others， with negative consequences including social misperceptions， conflict and the spread of misinformation. 　　On social media platforms， algorithms are mainly designed to amplify （放大） information that sustains engagement， meaning they keep people clicking on content and coming back to the platforms.There is evidence suggesting that a side effect of this design is that algorithms amplify information people are strongly biased （偏向的） to learn from.We call this information “PRIME”， for prestigious， in-group， moral and emotional information. 　　In our evolutionary past， biases to learn from PRIME information were very advantageous： Learning from prestigious individuals is efficient because these people are successful and their behavior can be copied.Paying attention to people who violate moral norms is important because punishing them helps the community maintain cooperation.But what happens when PRIME information becomes amplified by algorithms and some people exploit （利用） algorithm amplification to promote themselves？ Prestige becomes a poor signal of success because people can fake prestige on social media.News become filled with negative and moral information so that there is conflict rather than cooperation. 　　The interaction of human psychology and algorithm amplification leads to disfunction because social learning supports cooperation and problem-solving， but social media algorithms are designed to increase engagement.We call it functional mismatch.One of the key outcomes of functional mismatch is that people start to form incorrect perceptions of their social world， which often occurs in the field of politics.Recent research suggests that when algorithms selectively amplify more extreme political views， people begin to think that their political in-group and out-group are more sharply divided than they really are.Such “false polarization” might be an important source of greater political conflict. 　　So what’s next？ A key question is what can be done to make algorithms facilitate accurate human social learning rather than exploit social learning biases.Some research team is working on new algorithm designs that increase engagement while also punishing PRIME information.This may maintain user activity that social media platforms seek， but also make people’s social perceptions more accurate. 5.What are social media algorithms targeted at？（　　） A.Improving social environment.　 B.Generating PRIME information. C.Avoiding side effects of social media.　 D.Raising the media platform click rate. 6.Why does the author refer to “false polarization” in Paragraph 4？（　　） A.To make an assumption.　 B.To illustrate a conclusion. C.To explain a political issue.　 D.To present an extreme case. 7.According to the author， algorithms will be improved so as to 　　　　.（　　） A.boost engagement and regulate amplification　 B.strengthen social learning and delete biases C.identify biases and punish PRIME information　 D.monitor media platforms and guarantee users’ privacy 8.What is the best title for the text？（　　） A.PRIME Information Meets with Misperceptions B.Algorithms Control the Flow of Social Information C.Social Media Algorithms Twist Human Social Learning D.Online Algorithm Designs Face Unexpected Challenges 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $