Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 The Underdog Restrictive Relative Pronoun课件-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦限制性定语从句及关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose的用法，通过86版西游记无字幕视频及“取经天团”角色介绍导入，从简单句到复合句过渡，以感知、呈现、练习、产出、提升为支架，结合定义解析、例句分析、表格归纳构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于情境化与文化融合，以《西游记》为载体融入中国古典文化，培养文化意识。通过“火眼金睛辨”“降妖除魔”等任务型活动及高考真题解析，提升语言能力与思维品质。包含视频、思维导图、小组竞赛等多模态资源，学生能激发兴趣并掌握应用技巧，教师可直接利用丰富素材高效教学。

1 The powerful disciple who can defeat demons. （能打败妖怪的强大徒弟） Zhu Bajie The funny disciple whose hobby is eating. （爱好是吃的搞笑徒弟） Tang Monk The master who leads the journey. （领导取经的师父） Sha Wujing The reliable disciple whom everyone trusts. （大家都信赖的可靠徒弟） White Dragon Horse The horse which/that carries the master. （驮着师父的马） Monkey King The Scripture-Seeking Team 取经天团 2 Journey to the Restrictive Relative Clause introduced by relative pronouns That Which Who Whom Whose 3 understand the function structure of restrictive relative clauses; master the usage of “that,which,who, whom and whose” properly ; complete some tasks with appropriate relative pronouns. At the end of this class, students will be able to: Learning objectives 4 Lead-in He is a monkey! naughty attributive(定语） perception presentation practice production promotion 5 Definition An attaributive is a word (or a group of words) that is used to describe, modify, or define a noun or pronoun. Function It gives mroe information about the noun or pronoun. Classification ①.pre-modifiers (before the noun) ②.post-modifiers (after the noun) Four diciples(徒弟） The horse called White Dragon Horse perception Attributive presentation practice production promotion 6 1.A master riding a horse 2.The horse called White Dragon Horse 3.Three apprentices(徒弟） 4.Stone monkey 5.A monk with a carrying pole on his shoulder 5.A tough route 6.The journey to the west Prepostional phrase Present participle Past participle Numeral Noun Infinitive Adjective perception practice production presentation Find out the attributive in the following short phrases promotion 7 ①Sun Wukong is a brave monkey king. Main clause/Idependent clause ③Sun Wukong is a brave monkey king that/who has super powers and protects his master. Main clause+Subordinate clause/dependent clause ②Sun Wukong is a brave monkey king and he has super powers and protects his master. Main clause+Main clause Complex sentence Compound sentence Simple sentence 简单句 并列句 复合句 主句 从句 what does “he” refer to? If the two sentences hve one part in common, we can change one of them into a relative clasue to describe the other. perception Clause presentation practice production promotion 8 He is a monkey who/that has super powers and protects his master. antecedent 先行词 relative pronoun关系代词 restrictive relative clause 定语从句 Structure: antecedent+relative word+clause itself relative pronoun stands for function who a monkey serve as the subject of the clause serve as the subject of the clause substitute for a monkey • Function of “who” perception Explore presentation practice production promotion 9 Three Elements Antecedent The noun or pronoun modified by a relative clause is called the antecedent. The antecedent can be a person, thing, an entire sentence, or part of a sentence and it generally precedes the attributive clause. Relative Words The words that introduce an attributive clause are called relative words. Based on the grammatical function they serve within the attributive clause, relative words can be categorized into relative pronouns and relative adverbs. Relative Clause In a complex sentence, a clause that functions as an adjective by limiting, describing, or modifying a noun or pronoun in the main clause is called an relative clause. a restrictive relative clause a non-restrictive relative clause perception Three elements presentation practice production promotion 10 Relative Pronouns 取经法宝 Rlative pronoun stands for function note that people or things serve as the subject/object of the clause Relative pronouns can be omitted when they function as the object of the verb in the restrict relative clause. which things serve as the subject/object of the clause who people serve as the subject/object of the clause whom people serve as the object of the clause whose one's (people or things) serve as the attributive (定语) of the clause presentation perception 11 Connecting to link the antecedent and the relative clause(连接作用） Referencing to refer back to a noun or pronoun mentioned earlier in the sentence (the antecedent)（指代作用） Functioning to act as a specific grammatical element (subject, object, or possessive) within the attributive clause itself（在从句中做成分） 1 2 3 Three main functions of relative pronoun perception presentation practice production promotion promotion 12 Relative Clause restrictive relative clause non-restrictive relative clause ①He is a brave monkey king that has super powers and protects his master. ②Tang Sanzang who is very kind often help others. No commas(逗号) separate it from the antecedent defines or limits the meaning of the antecedent (a noun/pronoun). It is essential meaning to the sentence—without it, the main idea becomes unclear. to modify (修饰)the things or people and cannot be omitted（省略) , , Commas required provides supplementary information to the antecedent ;Additional information If removed, the main clause remains complete. 非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略，一般不用that/why。 13 13 It is a magical golden hoop that/which could bring great damage to monsters. (Golden Cudgel) 01 They are the scriptures that/which Tang Sanzang wants to obtain. (Buddhist Scriptures) 02 Subject object (omit) 如果先行词是物，在从句中做主语就用which/that，做宾语which/that； 1 1 presentation CONCLUDE watch and circle perception practice promotion production 14 14 The disciple who/that wears a golden hoop on his head is Sun Wukong. 03 04 The monk whom/who/that I admired most was Xuanzang. subject object (omit) 如果先行词是人，在从句中做主语就用who/that；做宾语用whom/who/that皆可。 1 1 presentation CONCLUDE watch and circle perception practice production promotion 15 15 The white horse whose rider was Tang Sanzang could fly. 05 attributive 如果先行词在还原时需要加‘s，就用whose；whose既可指人也可指物。 CONCLUDE presentation watch and circle perception production promotion practice 16 16 1.当先行词是指物的不定代词时（如 all, everything, nothing, anything, little 等）； The Monkey King can do almost anything that he wants. 2.当先行词指物且被the only, the very, the last，the same修饰时； The Buddhist scriptures are the only things that Tang Monk wants to get. 3. 当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时； The first monster that they have met on their way is White bone demon. 4.当先行词同时包含人和物时； Bajie told us about the people and the things that ha had met. 5.which或who作主句主语的特殊疑问句。 Which is the book that Tang monk wants? 只能用that的情况 17 Although “that” can refer to both people and things, it is not a universal word. let’s analyze the situations where it cannot be used. 18 Monkey King has a golden cudgel, which can change its size. Monkey King has a golden cudgel that/ which can change its size. 1.引导非限制性定语从句,先行词可以是一个名词，也可以指代前面整个主句的内容。 What is that which Bajie put into his mouth just now? 先行词是that，且指物。 The mountain in which Sun Wukong was confined five centuries was the Five-Finger Mountain. “介词+关系代词”结构中，且先行词为物。 只能用which的情况 前有逗号 前有介词 前有that perception promotion presentation practice production 19 19 指人时只能用who 1、先行词为指代人的不定代词one, ones, anyone, those时。 Those who follows Tang Monk must be brave. 2、在There be结构中，修饰主语“人”的定语从句宜用 who。 There’s a king who wants to see Tang Monk. 3、非限制性定语从句，先行词是人时 The monk, who wears a red casscock(袈裟）， is Tang Monk. 4、一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重复（先行词是人） The monk that was praised was Sha Wujing who carried the luggage for Tang Monk. 注意：当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。例如： The person from whom we can learn a lot perception presentation 20 运用法宝-that、which、who、whom、whose 火眼金睛辨——Solution 降妖除魔 ——pratice 取真经--Writing 21 Identify the best relative pronoun choose Bring the antecedent into the clause and see what role it plays B Find the relative clause and the antecedent F Journey to the west is a book has many interesting stories. antecedent a proper practice steps to relative pronoun thing subject restrictive relative clause that/which I Look and Think perception presentation production promotion 22 ①[全国新高考]I decided that if I learned of a company used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an eamil urging it to cut back. ②[全国Ⅲ卷]In ancient china lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike（栩栩如生）. ③[全国高考]They were well trained by their master had great experience with caring for these animals. ④[2024新高考I卷]The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. ⑤ [2024年浙江1月卷]Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way will make them the most money. Discuss 23 ①[全国新高考]I decided that if I learned of a company used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an eamil urging it to cut back. 句意：我决定如果得知哪家公司使用了大量的塑料制品的话，我就会发一封邮件敦促这家公司缩减塑料消耗。 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，先行词为a comoany，指物，故填that/which。 that/which Analyze perception practice presentation production promotion 24 ②[全国Ⅲ卷]In ancient china lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike（栩栩如生）. 句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画作几乎栩栩如生。 分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词artist,且在从句中作painting的定语，两者之间是所属关系，故填whose。 whose perception practice presentation production promotion 25 ③[全国高考]They were well trained by their master had great experience with caring for these animals. 句意：它们受到了主人良好的训练，它们的主人在照看这些动物方面有着丰富的经验。 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，who作为关系代词指人，that作为关系代词指人或物。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为master，所以应用关系代词that或who。 who/that perception practice presentation production promotion 26 ④[2024新高考I卷]The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 句意：玻璃温室无疑是当代设计的璀璨明珠，坐落于一条追溯古丝绸之路轨迹的尽头，用于展示来自中国西南部的植物。这些植物从亚洲的原生地被引进，后来定义了英国园艺的丰富多样性。 分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the Silk Route”，且先行词是物，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 that/which perception presentation practice promotion production 27 ⑤ [2024年浙江1月卷] Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way __________ will make them the most money. 句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。 在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 that/which perception practice presentation production promotion 28 28 ①[全国新高考]I decided that if I learned of a company which/that used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an eamil urging it to cut back. ②[全国Ⅲ卷]In ancient china lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike（栩栩如生）. ③[全国高考]They were well trained by their master who/that had great experience with caring for these animals. ④[2024新高考I卷]The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. ⑤ [2024年浙江1月卷]Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way that/which will make them the most money. Check 29 1.（2021北京卷） When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 5. The reason _________ he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 4. The concert hall has the most wonderful atmosphere _________can make the audience fully immersed in the music. 3. I like the writers and their works _________ you mentioned the other day. 2． I have found the very shop _________ has everything we need. DO it by yourself that which/that that that that perception practice production presentation promotion 30 6. My mother was so proud of all _________ I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. 10.（2022新课标I卷） The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 9.（2024浙江1月卷） Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. 8.（2024全国甲卷） Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 7.（2024新课标II卷） Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. DO it by yourself that who which that/which that perception practice presentation promotion production 31 11.（2023全国乙卷） The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 15.（2020全国III卷） In ancient China lived an artist, __________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. 14.（2022全国甲卷） On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 13.（2022浙江1月卷） Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 12.（2025年全国一卷） An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. DO it by yourself whose which that/who who whose perception practice presentation production 32 01 03 找重复词 重复部分是Sandy，指人 FIND IDENTIFY 定主从关系 句子①为主句； 句子②为从句 02 ADD 加关系词 用关系词that/who Sentence Restructuring ① Sandy is hard-working. ②Sandy always shoulders a lot of things. Sandy is hard-working that/who always shoulders a lot of things. 主句 从句 perception practice presentation production promotion 33 Sun Wukong, 1. _________ was born from a stone, learned his powers from a Taoist master. The magical iron bar 2. _________ he got from the Dragon King could change its size. This was the weapon 3. ___________ helped him fight the heavenly army. The Jade Emperor, 4. __________ he deeply angered, sent many gods to capture him. However, none of the gods 5. ___________ were sent could defeat him. The heavenly palace 6. __________ he caused a great mess in was left in chaos. The time 7. ____________ he declared himself "Great Sage" is unforgettable in Chinese stories. Anyone 8. ___________ knows the story admires his bravery. He is a hero 9. __________ courage and wit are admired by all. Finally, the Buddha, 10. _________ power was supreme, subdued him under a mountain. Grammer Filling who that/which that/which whom who/that in which/where when who whose whose practice presentation perception production 34 34 The White Dragon Horse is very patient. The White Dragon Horse carries the master. Zhu Bajie is a disciple. He likes eating very much. The master is Tang Xuanzang. Monkey King respects his master. They encountered a monster. The monster’s power was terrifying. The White Dragon Horse which/that carries the master is very patient. Zhu Bajie is the disciple who likes eating very much. The master whom Monkey King respects is Tang Xuanzang. They encountered a monster whose power was terrifying. production 35 Theme: "Protect the Scripture Team" - Task: Each group gets a set of Journey to the West character/object cards.; Use restrictive relative clauses to describe the card content; And other groups guess the answer. - AI Helper: AI times the game, scores each group’s performance (based on accuracy and fluency), and announces the winner. Group Competition promotion perception presentation practice production 36 Draw a mind map Draw a mind map based on your understanding about restrictive relative clause Hint: 1.Restrictive attributive clauses = Antecedent + Relative Word + Clause (essential for meaning) 2. Key relative words: who/whom/whose/which/that (pronouns); perception presentation practice production promotion 37 The song of relative pronoun 38 that 神通广，人/物都可当 “多少不一，恰人物最虚” that真的忙 非限制性，请它莫上场 who 来指人物，which 指物 介词后面which/who 特殊用法是紧箍咒 多多练习成火眼金睛 你也能成为语法大神！ Summary 39 WRITING 假设你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter来信对你提到的中国古典名著《西游记》（Journey to the West）非常感兴趣，他想了解这本书的主要内容和你最喜欢的角色。请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信： 1. 简要介绍《西游记》主要情节； 2. 说明你最喜欢的角色，并简要阐述理由； 3. 用至少3个包含不同关系代词的定语从句。 注意： - 词数100左右； - 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； - 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, I'm glad to receive your letter and know you're interested in Journey to the West. Homework promotion production practice presentation perception 40 感谢垂听 41 $