Unit 3 Back to the past Welcome to the unit & Reading 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语导学案聚焦选择性必修三U3-1核心内容，梳理31个核心词汇及短语，涵盖词性、搭配、例句及近义词辨析，构建系统词汇网络。通过航海日志、舰队航行等语境例句导入单元主题，搭建阅读前词汇支架，帮助学生衔接新旧知识。 资料以分层习题设计为特色，从单词拼写、语法填空夯实基础，到七选五、完形填空提升语篇理解，再到应用文与读后续写锻炼表达，全面提升语言能力。能力拓展训练注重语篇分析与逻辑推断，培养思维品质，词汇辨析与搭配练习助力学习能力发展，符合学科特色学习方法。

年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修三 U3-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.breadth n. ①宽度 = width ②（知识、兴趣等的）广泛 breadth of mind宽广的心胸 The breadth of the river is too wide for us to cross. 近义词：width, scope, range 相关词：length长度 depth深度 thickness厚度 2.convince v. 使确信，说服；说服，劝说 ①使确信；使相信；使信服 convince sb/oneself (of sth / that) be convinced of / that确信 ②说服，劝说（某人做某事） convince sb to do = persuade sb to do/into doing convinced adj. ①坚信；深信；确信 ②坚信不移的；有坚定宗教信仰（或政治信念）的 convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 a convincing argument / explanation / case有说服力的论点 / 解释 / 事例 近义词：persuade, assure, influence 3.voyage n. / v. 航行，旅行（尤指远行） go on a voyage开始一次航行 on one’s first voyage 第一次航行 We are planning a voyage to Europe next summer.（名词） They will voyage across the Atlantic Ocean.（动词） 近义词：journey, trip, travel 4.fleet n. 舰队，捕鱼船队，车队 A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue sea 5.navigate v. 导航，驾驶（船只等） navigation n. navigator n.领航员; (飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 navigate through通过导航找到路线 navigate the way to He navigated his boat through the stormy waters. 近义词：direct, pilot, guide 6.on behalf of 代表，为帮助；为了某人，因为某人=on one’s behalf I, on behalf of our class, welcome you warmly and sincerely. They write letters of recommendation on behalf of students. 7.load n. / v. 负荷，装载，加载 (反） unload upload download loads of/a load of 大量的 carry a heavy load 携带重物 load sth (up with )/into/onto 把...装上... be loaded with The truck was loaded with boxes of fruit.（名词） Please help me to load these bags into the car.（动词） 8.compass n. /v. 指南针；圆规（常用复数）；包围，包含； compass card罗盘卡 compass rose罗盘图 compass point罗盘点 The compass needle pointed north.指南针指向北方。 近义词：encircle, surround, envelop 9.log n. 航海日志，正式记录；原木 v. 伐木 砍伐 keep a log记航海日志 log trees sleep like a log / baby (informal)沉睡；酣睡 log in / on (使）注册；（使）登录 You’ll need to type in your password every time you log in to your account. log out / off （使）注销；（使）登出 If a computer user fails to log off, the system is accessible to all. 10.strengthen v. 加强；增强 (反）weaken strength n. 力量 strong adj. strengthen one's position巩固某人的地位 strengthen one's resolve坚定某人的决心 strengthen ties加强联系 Exercise can help to strengthen your muscles.锻炼可以帮助增强你的肌肉。 近义词：increase, enhance, fortify 11.harmonious adj. 和谐的；协调的 harmoniously harmony n 和谐 live in harmony with harmonious society和谐社会 harmonious color scheme和谐的色彩搭配 harmonious atmosphere和谐的氛围 The harmonious relationship between the two countries has lasted for decades. 两国之间的和谐关系已经持续了几十年。 近义词：harmonious, concordant, agreeable, compatible 12.dismiss v. 解雇；驳回；不予考虑；去除，摒除（思想情感等）；解聘，解散 dismissal n. dismissal notice解雇通知 dismiss from school开除学籍 dismiss a claim驳回索赔 be dismissed by 被开除 The boss dismissed the employee for poor performance.老板因员工表现不佳而解雇了他。 近义词：fire, discharge, reject, eliminate 13.proof n. 证据；证明(= evidence) adj. 防……的；耐……的 prove v. a further proof of进一步的证明 There is no proof that he was involved in the crime.没有证据表明他参与了犯罪。 14.acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开）感谢 acknowledgement n. be widely acknowledged to be/as acknowledge receipt确认收到 He refused to acknowledge my presence. 近义词：admit, confess, recognize 15.influential adj. 有影响力的，有势力的 influence n.&v. influential person/power有影响力的人/力量 be influential in (doing) sth 有很大影响的 She is an influential figure in the fashion industry. 近义词：powerful, impactful, persuasive 16.insist v. 坚持，坚决要求 坚持说 +宾从（正常） 坚持要求 +宾从（虚拟语气） insist on/upon (doing) 坚持，坚决要求 insistence n. 坚持 insistent adj. I insist that you apologize for your behavior. 近义词：demand, assert, maintain 17.route n. 路线，路程；途径，渠道 take / follow a route a bus route公交线路 route map路线图 the route to success The quickest route to the airport is through the highway. 近义词：path, course, journey 18.financial adj. 财务的，金融的 finance n. 金融 财政 financially adv. financial aid经济援助 financial report财务报告 The company's financial situation is not good. 近义词：monetary, economic, fiscal 19.depart v. 离开，出发 departure n. depart from离开，背离 He will depart for Paris tomorrow.他明天将出发去巴黎。 近义词：leave, go, set off 20.shortage n. 短缺，不足 short adj. global shortages of work force a shortage of缺乏，短缺be short of =lack... There is a shortage of food in the area.这个地区食物短缺。 近义词：deficiency, scarcity, lack 21.leak v. 泄漏，泄露 n. 漏洞 leak out泄露，走漏 a gas leak The roof is leaking.屋顶在漏水。 近义词：spill, escape, seep 22.panic n. / v. 恐慌，惊慌失措 in panic 惊慌地 panic attack恐慌发作 People started to panic when the building caught fire.当大楼起火时，人们开始恐慌。 近义词：fear, terror, alarm 23.regardless adv.不管，不顾 regardless of 不管 不顾 Regardless of the weather, we are going on a picnic.无论天气如何，我们都要去野餐。 24.shore n. 岸，滨 a rocky/sandy shore The trees on the shores of the lake were reflected in the clear water. 25.subsequent adj. 随后的，后来的 (反）previous subsequently adv. subsequence n. 随后发生的事情，后果 subsequent to在……之后 The subsequent events proved that he was right. 近义词：following, later, succeeding 26.captain n. / v. 队长，船长；指挥，率领 captain of industry工业巨头 He was made captain of the football team. 近义词：leader, commander, head 27.allow for 使成为可能；考虑到··· 把···计算在内= make allowance for This period allow for an internal exchange of ideas and cultures. 28.kingdom n. 王国，管辖范围 29.astonish v. 使惊讶，使吃惊 astonished adj. astonishing adj. astonishment n. 惊讶 be astonished at对……感到惊讶 Her singing ability astonished everyone. 近义词：surprise, amaze, shock 30.royal adj. 皇家的，王室的；极好的，盛大的 royalty un 王室成员 royal family皇室家族 She wore a dress with a royal blue skirt. 近义词：imperial, majestic, splendid 31.tomb n. 坟墓 build a tomb for 【精题精练精讲】 一、单词拼写（根据句境、所给词首字母及汉语提示完成单词填空） 1.The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer, which was recorded in the ______(航海日志). 2.The house was old. Its windows were broken and the roof ________(漏) quite badly. 3.Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is by far the city's best-preserved ________(皇家的) complex. 4.She volunteered to attend to the worst injured soldier because there was a serious ________(短缺) of nurses. 5.Peking Opera is the most __________ (有影响力的) and representative of all operas in China. 6.Her position in the party has （增强）in recent weeks. 7.Motorists are advised to find an alternative__________ (路线). 8.He is an independent f__________ (财务的) adviser. 9.The river became too narrow and shallow to __________ (航行，导航). 10.Their h________ (融洽的) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals. 答案：1.log 2.leaked 3.royal 4.shortage 5.influential 6.strengthened 7.route 8.financial 9.navigate 10.harmonious 二、单句语法填空 (在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) 1.At last the young man had no choice but to acknowledge__________(steal) the computer from the office.  2.The play-well-with-others quality may __________(strong) schoolyard friendships, and promote interpersonal skills in life and work.  3.Yet we remain__________(convince) that the hard winter cannot stop the arrival of spring and darkness can never shroud the light of dawn.  4.The Chinese merchant ship loaded __________porcelain (瓷器) left a southern port to sell its wares along the ancient trade route known as the Marine Silk Road.  5.As we grow up, we get to know many things which we would be __________(astonish) to see as kids.  6.The students ________(panic) when told that final exams were less than a week away. 7.He insisted on ________(play) rock music late at night, which annoyed his mother. 8.So far there has been no ________(prove) that spaceships from other planets do exist. 9.They were in a hot room with a small fan ________(spin) overhead slowly. 10.It seems that water from this tap __________(leak) for some time. We'll have to take it apart to put it right. 答案：1. having stolen/stealing　2.strengthen　3.convinced　4.with　5.astonished　6. panicked 7.playing 8.proof 9.spinning 10.has been leaking 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 Parents showing off their children has long been popular on social media. It is found that videos with children receive three times as many views as other videos. Nine-year-old Ryan Kaji, star of the Ryan’s World channel, topped Forbes’ 2020 list of highest-paid YouTubers, making an estimated $29.5 million from his content and product lines. ____1____ Influencer parents and kids across a host of platforms can gain millions of online followers and land profitable sponsorships. Some family influencers get paid directly by brands for endorsing (代言) their products. ____2____ And many more earn income by receiving ad revenues (收益). ____3____ A look at the comments section of almost any website proves the internet is often a very ugly place. And while the business of family social media is big and growing, there are as yet few meaningful safeguards for kids’ privacy and safety, both from media companies like YouTube and from existing law. ____4____ Leah Plunkett, assistant dean for learning experience and technology at Harvard Law School said, “In many cases, the kids who wind up in ‘commercial sharenting’ are too young to understand what’s going on. ____5____ If there is content going out about the children when they are three years old, they may be pretty uncomfortable with it when they are13. And that content is not going to go away.” Dr. Sarah Domoff, who directs the Family Health Lab at Central Michigan University also says parental oversharing may be damaging. A. The pursuit of internet fame and dollars may pose serious potential dangers to the kids on social media. B. Some sell their own branded products directly to viewers. C. They can’t give any type of permission or know involvement. D. Some parents have already started to reconsider sharenting. E. All ofthe problems have experts on children’s rights and development worried. F. “Sharenting” has now become an increasingly professionalized business. G. Embarrassing a child publicly can make children ashamed of the parents. 二、完形填空 I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign. It ___1___ drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite sometime to get the chains on.When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n) ___2___ speed. Suddenly, I ___3___ another snowy, icy patch of road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of ___4___ some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working ___5___ . I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA). A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already ___6___ to push my car. I got out of my car and ___7___ them. It was past midnight and they easily could have decided that AAA would ___8__ the situation after our initial ___9___ failed. Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ___10____ things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was ___11____ . At first, I was a little ___12___ about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole ____13____ of the situation and lifted my spirits. After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even ___14___ around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck, __15____ a bit on the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slowly”, like true smile heroes! 1. A. warned B. encouraged C. promised D. taught 2. A. slow B. average C. normal D. top 3. A. missed out B. came upon C. looked for D. pulled off 4. A. removing B. burning C. destroying D. breaking 5. A. properly B. casually C. creatively D. comfortably 6. A. proposing B. continuing C. starting D. claiming 7. A. urged B. joined C. stopped D. left 8. A. handle B. improve C. revise D. clarify 9. A. preparations B. appeals C. impressions D. attempts 10. A. typical B. unique C. different D. difficult 11. A. approached B. forgiven C. protected D. freed 12. A. concerned B. cautious C. awkward D. confused 13. A. analysis B. dynamic C. definition D. truth 14. A. play B. walk C. stick D. glance 15. A. moved B. recovered C. dashed D. slid 三、语法填空 Decorative stove artwork attracts a growing number of ___1___ (admire), who enjoy the memories it evokes, Yang Feiyue reports. The distinctive art form in Jiaxing ___2___ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011. An old wooden stove, ___3___ (bear) rich vivid images, took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, in early February. The images feature historical and legendary figures, fairy tales, animals and flowers, all of ___4___ are depicted in bright colors and have a way of claiming attention from viewers. It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, ___5___ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. Locals burned firewood and straw in it to cook ___6___ gas burners or microwave ovens were available. “Historical evidence shows the art has ___7___ history of at least 300 years,” says Zhao from Haiyan’s Tongyuan town. Most of those engaged ___8___ zaotou painting were bricklayers in rural areas where they were often hired by villagers to build a mud stove in ___9___ (they) new home. Tools used to produce such art included a selection of brushes, rulers, and paint. As people’s aesthetic appreciation grew, watercolors were applied, mostly red, yellow and blue. “But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always ___10___ (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners,” Zhao says. 答案：七选五 31. F 32. B 33. A 34. E 35. C 完形填空 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 语法填空51. admirers 52. was listed 53. bearing 54. which 55. to have 56. before 57. a 58. in 59. their 60. symbolic 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A While you may be a master of buying Secret Santa gifts or white elephant gifts, shopping for a college student can be quite tricky. Whether you’re shopping for a soon-to-be graduate or a college freshman, our guide has you covered on the best gifts for college students. For the goal setter: Ban.do 12-month Planner Gifts for college students that help them achieve their academic targets are always a good idea. This 12-month planner includes year, month and week views to keep classes and extracurriculars organized; while the handwriting on the cover (endless possibilities) provides positive inspiration. There’s also fun artwork, a coloring page and stickers to customize (定制) their planner. For the tech lover: Apple 10.2-inch iPad If your college student is glued to their laptop, the addition of an iPad will be a welcome one. It has ten hours of battery life, two cameras and a wide 10.2-inch display that’s perfect for note taking, movie watching and snapping photos. This useful tech gift also pairs with a set of AirPods or an Apple Pencil to help maximize its usage. For photograph beginners: Fujifilm Instax Mini Link Smartphone Printer Got a teen who’s always taking photos with their iPhone or camera? Fujifilm Instax Smartphone Printers will definitely delight everyone. It’s one of the greatest gifts for photographers because it allows them to easily print their favorite shots with just the click of a button. For the coffee lover: Ember Temperature-Controlled Coffee Cup Future programmers can keep their Joe warm with this app-controlled smart cup. Coffee stays hot for up to 1.5 hours, or all day when paired with the included charging coaster(杯垫). You can even select the exact temperature you prefer. It’s a thoughtful and useful gift for coffee lovers. Stop hunting for the best products and deals — get our latest information on secret sales and discounts, gift ideas for everyone and can’t-miss products. 1. Who is the most likely intended receiver of a Ban.do 12-month Planner? A. A soon-to-be graduate with a gift for art. B. A college freshman good at handwriting. C. A junior college student who enjoys planning. D. A senior college student with regular extracurriculars. 2. How will an Apple 10.2-inch iPad function best? A. When connected to a laptop. B. When charged for ten hours. C. When paired with Apple products. D. When equipped with a 10.2-inch display. 3. What do the last two gifts have in common? A. They can be charged by cellphones. B. They can be controlled by cellphones. C. They meet individuals’ different requirements. D. They are designed for students with IT-smart brains. B The job description of a postman doesn’t always include travelling through thick forests, fast-flowing waters and occasionally being run after by wild animals, but for D. Sivan, that is exactly what it is. Every day for 30 years, this humble postman has been delivering post to some of the most remote villages in Coonoor which are inaccessible by road. Carrying the mail, he walks along the Nilgiri Mountain Railway track, walking through thick forests, crossing slippery streams and walking on railway bridges. Having travelled through the difficult path for 30 years, Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals he encounters on his daily walks, going so far as to say that they’ve all become his friends. But even his friends have occasionally caused him some trouble, with an elephant once having run after him. He was saved by a truck driver who spotted him and honked at the elephant. The animals recognize him now, though. As the years rolled by, emails started replacing letter writing. And as more and more people moved from the Nilgiri hills to the plains-the towns of Mettupalayam and Coimbatore, Sivan’s bag became lighter and lighter every day. Many weeks he ended up carrying just 3-4 letter to each village. One day Sivan noticed that a man to whom he was supposed to deliver his pension had moved to Coimbatore. The man had fallen very sick and was hospitalized. Sivan tracked down the hospital, travelled 80 kms by bus and later car, and delivered the pension. The kind postman even paid for the whole trip himself! Not all heroes wear a cape(披风); some have white hair and carry a simple bag full of letters. Not all heroes write cool stories on Instagram; some just sit outside a door and read out a son’s letter to his mother. 4. Which of the following best describes Sivan’s daily delivery journey? A. Awkward. B. Comfortable. C. Adventurous. D. Uneventful. 5. Why did Sivan travel to Coimbatore? A. To send a pension check. B. To enjoy a trip to the plains. C. To get hospital treatment. D. To draw his pension. 6. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Letters or emails B. The world’s busiest postman C. The postal service in Coonoor D. Capeless hero with a bag C The history of humankind is littered with crafty and seasoned liars. Lying, it turns out, is something that most of us are highly skilled in. We lie with ease, in ways big and small, to strangers, co-workers, friends, and loved ones. Being dishonest is woven into our very fabric, so much so that it would be truthful to say that to lie is human. Like learning to walk and talk, lying is something of a developmental milestone. While parents often find their children’s lies troubling —for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence—Kang Lee, a psychologist, sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive(认知的)growth is on track. To study lying in children, Lee and his colleagues use a simple experiment. They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view, based on an audio clue. The sound played has nothing to do with the toy. “So you play Beethoven, but the toy’s a car,” Lee explains. The experimenter leaves the room, using the excuse of taking a phone call —a lie for the sake of science—and asks the child not to peek at the toy. Returning, the experimenter asks the child for the answer, following up with the question: “Did you peek or not?” Most children can’t resist peeking. The percentage of the children who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their age. Among two-year-old, only 30 percent are mendacious. Among three-year-old, 50 percent lie. And by eight, about 80 percent claim they didn’t peek. What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes. Known as theory of mind, this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs, intentions, and knowledge of others. What then might be the best way to block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives? The answer isn’t clear. Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty, adding a 21st-century twist to the age-old problem. 7. What can we learn about the human tendency to lie? A. It is a rare occurrence. B. It is part of human nature. C. It emerges in adulthood. D. It results from human greed. 8. Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with? A. Children who lie are more likely to fail. B. Parents should prevent children from lying. C. Lying in children suggests a normal growth. D. Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence. 9. What were the children tasked to do in the experiment? A. Determine the names of the hidden items. B. Provide false statements about their actions. C. Hide toys from the view of the experimenter. D. Guess the link between toys and sound clues. 10. What does the underlined word “mendacious” mean in paragraph 4? A. Untruthful. B. Trustworthy. C. Irresponsible. D. Cooperative. 答案：A篇:1. C 2. C 3. B B篇:4. C 5. A 6. D C篇:7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假如你是李华，3月27日你们全班同学参观大运河博物馆(Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum)。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1.参与人员、时间； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Visit to Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Visit to Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum On March 27th, all the students in Class 7, Grade 12 paid a visit to Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey. With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating with keen interest the delicate art works including ancient tablets, calligraphy works, china and so on. Speaking highly of the immersive experience, every student gained a deeper insight into how the Grand Canal had been playing a crucial role in promoting ancient China’s economy and cultural exchange. Consequently, they took more pride in our time-honored canal civilization. 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The school day rolled slowly away. The moment the bell indicating the ending of the class rang, the students streamed out of the classroom, among whom was Andy. A few moments later, Andy was on his bike, riding on his way home and day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so glued to dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him. He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge flood of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him. With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding as fast as he could -but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart and his legs shaking, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蛰). The last sting had landed him in hospital-and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, keep your head and think your way out of it.” On a nearby hill he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home. “Bees don’t like smoke,” he thought. “They couldn’t get into the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson’s house, but the bees were approaching. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, Andy saw a small pool used by Mr. Nelson to water his vegetable garden. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In a short while, Andy’s mother showed up. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, Andy saw a small pool used by Mr. Nelson to water his vegetable garden. An idea sprang to mind. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the insects. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the pool, he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mrs. Nelson took him inside, asked him to take off his wet clothes and wrapped him in a blanket. When Andy came back to his sense, Mrs. Nelson rang his mother. In a short while, Andy’s mother showed up. At the sight of his mother, Andy was possessed with comfort, and tears streamed down his cheeks. “You’ll really need that fishing break to help you recover, ” comforted his mother with relief, adding “thank goodness you didn’t panic!” Having thanked Mrs. Nelson, they went home. On the way, his mother praised him again, but Andy did not hear her. He was dreaming once again of the fish he would catch tomorrow. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修三 U3-1 Welcome - Reading 【同步知识梳理】 1.breadth n. ①宽度 = width ②（知识、兴趣等的）广泛 breadth of mind宽广的心胸 The breadth of the river is too wide for us to cross. 近义词：width, scope, range 相关词：length长度 depth深度 thickness厚度 2.convince v. 使确信，说服；说服，劝说 ①使确信；使相信；使信服 convince sb/oneself (of sth / that) be convinced of / that确信 ②说服，劝说（某人做某事） convince sb to do = persuade sb to do/into doing convinced adj. ①坚信；深信；确信 ②坚信不移的；有坚定宗教信仰（或政治信念）的 convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 a convincing argument / explanation / case有说服力的论点 / 解释 / 事例 近义词：persuade, assure, influence 3.voyage n. / v. 航行，旅行（尤指远行） go on a voyage开始一次航行 on one’s first voyage 第一次航行 We are planning a voyage to Europe next summer.（名词） They will voyage across the Atlantic Ocean.（动词） 近义词：journey, trip, travel 4.fleet n. 舰队，捕鱼船队，车队 A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue sea 5.navigate v. 导航，驾驶（船只等） navigation n. navigator n.领航员; (飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 navigate through通过导航找到路线 navigate the way to He navigated his boat through the stormy waters. 近义词：direct, pilot, guide 6.on behalf of 代表，为帮助；为了某人，因为某人=on one’s behalf I, on behalf of our class, welcome you warmly and sincerely. They write letters of recommendation on behalf of students. 7.load n. / v. 负荷，装载，加载 (反） unload upload download loads of/a load of 大量的 carry a heavy load 携带重物 load sth (up with )/into/onto 把...装上... be loaded with The truck was loaded with boxes of fruit.（名词） Please help me to load these bags into the car.（动词） 8.compass n. /v. 指南针；圆规（常用复数）；包围，包含； compass card罗盘卡 compass rose罗盘图 compass point罗盘点 The compass needle pointed north.指南针指向北方。 近义词：encircle, surround, envelop 9.log n. 航海日志，正式记录；原木 v. 伐木 砍伐 keep a log记航海日志 log trees sleep like a log / baby (informal)沉睡；酣睡 log in / on (使）注册；（使）登录 You’ll need to type in your password every time you log in to your account. log out / off （使）注销；（使）登出 If a computer user fails to log off, the system is accessible to all. 10.strengthen v. 加强；增强 (反）weaken strength n. 力量 strong adj. strengthen one's position巩固某人的地位 strengthen one's resolve坚定某人的决心 strengthen ties加强联系 Exercise can help to strengthen your muscles.锻炼可以帮助增强你的肌肉。 近义词：increase, enhance, fortify 11.harmonious adj. 和谐的；协调的 harmoniously harmony n 和谐 live in harmony with harmonious society和谐社会 harmonious color scheme和谐的色彩搭配 harmonious atmosphere和谐的氛围 The harmonious relationship between the two countries has lasted for decades. 两国之间的和谐关系已经持续了几十年。 近义词：harmonious, concordant, agreeable, compatible 12.dismiss v. 解雇；驳回；不予考虑；去除，摒除（思想情感等）；解聘，解散 dismissal n. dismissal notice解雇通知 dismiss from school开除学籍 dismiss a claim驳回索赔 be dismissed by 被开除 The boss dismissed the employee for poor performance.老板因员工表现不佳而解雇了他。 近义词：fire, discharge, reject, eliminate 13.proof n. 证据；证明(= evidence) adj. 防……的；耐……的 prove v. a further proof of进一步的证明 There is no proof that he was involved in the crime.没有证据表明他参与了犯罪。 14.acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开）感谢 acknowledgement n. be widely acknowledged to be/as acknowledge receipt确认收到 He refused to acknowledge my presence. 近义词：admit, confess, recognize 15.influential adj. 有影响力的，有势力的 influence n.&v. influential person/power有影响力的人/力量 be influential in (doing) sth 有很大影响的 She is an influential figure in the fashion industry. 近义词：powerful, impactful, persuasive 16.insist v. 坚持，坚决要求 坚持说 +宾从（正常） 坚持要求 +宾从（虚拟语气） insist on/upon (doing) 坚持，坚决要求 insistence n. 坚持 insistent adj. I insist that you apologize for your behavior. 近义词：demand, assert, maintain 17.route n. 路线，路程；途径，渠道 take / follow a route a bus route公交线路 route map路线图 the route to success The quickest route to the airport is through the highway. 近义词：path, course, journey 18.financial adj. 财务的，金融的 finance n. 金融 财政 financially adv. financial aid经济援助 financial report财务报告 The company's financial situation is not good. 近义词：monetary, economic, fiscal 19.depart v. 离开，出发 departure n. depart from离开，背离 He will depart for Paris tomorrow.他明天将出发去巴黎。 近义词：leave, go, set off 20.shortage n. 短缺，不足 short adj. global shortages of work force a shortage of缺乏，短缺be short of =lack... There is a shortage of food in the area.这个地区食物短缺。 近义词：deficiency, scarcity, lack 21.leak v. 泄漏，泄露 n. 漏洞 leak out泄露，走漏 a gas leak The roof is leaking.屋顶在漏水。 近义词：spill, escape, seep 22.panic n. / v. 恐慌，惊慌失措 in panic 惊慌地 panic attack恐慌发作 People started to panic when the building caught fire.当大楼起火时，人们开始恐慌。 近义词：fear, terror, alarm 23.regardless adv.不管，不顾 regardless of 不管 不顾 Regardless of the weather, we are going on a picnic.无论天气如何，我们都要去野餐。 24.shore n. 岸，滨 a rocky/sandy shore The trees on the shores of the lake were reflected in the clear water. 25.subsequent adj. 随后的，后来的 (反）previous subsequently adv. subsequence n. 随后发生的事情，后果 subsequent to在……之后 The subsequent events proved that he was right. 近义词：following, later, succeeding 26.captain n. / v. 队长，船长；指挥，率领 captain of industry工业巨头 He was made captain of the football team. 近义词：leader, commander, head 27.allow for 使成为可能；考虑到··· 把···计算在内= make allowance for This period allow for an internal exchange of ideas and cultures. 28.kingdom n. 王国，管辖范围 29.astonish v. 使惊讶，使吃惊 astonished adj. astonishing adj. astonishment n. 惊讶 be astonished at对……感到惊讶 Her singing ability astonished everyone. 近义词：surprise, amaze, shock 30.royal adj. 皇家的，王室的；极好的，盛大的 royalty un 王室成员 royal family皇室家族 She wore a dress with a royal blue skirt. 近义词：imperial, majestic, splendid 31.tomb n. 坟墓 build a tomb for 【精题精练精讲】 一、单词拼写（根据句境、所给词首字母及汉语提示完成单词填空） 1.The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer, which was recorded in the ______(航海日志). 2.The house was old. Its windows were broken and the roof ________(漏) quite badly. 3.Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is by far the city's best-preserved ________(皇家的) complex. 4.She volunteered to attend to the worst injured soldier because there was a serious ________(短缺) of nurses. 5.Peking Opera is the most __________ (有影响力的) and representative of all operas in China. 6.Her position in the party has （增强）in recent weeks. 7.Motorists are advised to find an alternative__________ (路线). 8.He is an independent f__________ (财务的) adviser. 9.The river became too narrow and shallow to __________ (航行，导航). 10.Their h________ (融洽的) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals. 二、单句语法填空 (在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) 1.At last the young man had no choice but to acknowledge__________(steal) the computer from the office.  2.The play-well-with-others quality may __________(strong) schoolyard friendships, and promote interpersonal skills in life and work.  3.Yet we remain__________(convince) that the hard winter cannot stop the arrival of spring and darkness can never shroud the light of dawn.  4.The Chinese merchant ship loaded __________porcelain (瓷器) left a southern port to sell its wares along the ancient trade route known as the Marine Silk Road.  5.As we grow up, we get to know many things which we would be __________(astonish) to see as kids.  6.The students ________(panic) when told that final exams were less than a week away. 7.He insisted on ________(play) rock music late at night, which annoyed his mother. 8.So far there has been no ________(prove) that spaceships from other planets do exist. 9.They were in a hot room with a small fan ________(spin) overhead slowly. 10.It seems that water from this tap __________(leak) for some time. We'll have to take it apart to put it right. 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 Parents showing off their children has long been popular on social media. It is found that videos with children receive three times as many views as other videos. Nine-year-old Ryan Kaji, star of the Ryan’s World channel, topped Forbes’ 2020 list of highest-paid YouTubers, making an estimated $29.5 million from his content and product lines. ____1____ Influencer parents and kids across a host of platforms can gain millions of online followers and land profitable sponsorships. Some family influencers get paid directly by brands for endorsing (代言) their products. ____2____ And many more earn income by receiving ad revenues (收益). ____3____ A look at the comments section of almost any website proves the internet is often a very ugly place. And while the business of family social media is big and growing, there are as yet few meaningful safeguards for kids’ privacy and safety, both from media companies like YouTube and from existing law. ____4____ Leah Plunkett, assistant dean for learning experience and technology at Harvard Law School said, “In many cases, the kids who wind up in ‘commercial sharenting’ are too young to understand what’s going on. ____5____ If there is content going out about the children when they are three years old, they may be pretty uncomfortable with it when they are13. And that content is not going to go away.” Dr. Sarah Domoff, who directs the Family Health Lab at Central Michigan University also says parental oversharing may be damaging. A. The pursuit of internet fame and dollars may pose serious potential dangers to the kids on social media. B. Some sell their own branded products directly to viewers. C. They can’t give any type of permission or know involvement. D. Some parents have already started to reconsider sharenting. E. All ofthe problems have experts on children’s rights and development worried. F. “Sharenting” has now become an increasingly professionalized business. G. Embarrassing a child publicly can make children ashamed of the parents. 二、完形填空 I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign. It ___1___ drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite sometime to get the chains on.When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n) ___2___ speed. Suddenly, I ___3___ another snowy, icy patch of road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of ___4___ some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working ___5___ . I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA). A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already ___6___ to push my car. I got out of my car and ___7___ them. It was past midnight and they easily could have decided that AAA would ___8__ the situation after our initial ___9___ failed. Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ___10____ things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was ___11____ . At first, I was a little ___12___ about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole ____13____ of the situation and lifted my spirits. After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even ___14___ around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck, __15____ a bit on the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slowly”, like true smile heroes! 1. A. warned B. encouraged C. promised D. taught 2. A. slow B. average C. normal D. top 3. A. missed out B. came upon C. looked for D. pulled off 4. A. removing B. burning C. destroying D. breaking 5. A. properly B. casually C. creatively D. comfortably 6. A. proposing B. continuing C. starting D. claiming 7. A. urged B. joined C. stopped D. left 8. A. handle B. improve C. revise D. clarify 9. A. preparations B. appeals C. impressions D. attempts 10. A. typical B. unique C. different D. difficult 11. A. approached B. forgiven C. protected D. freed 12. A. concerned B. cautious C. awkward D. confused 13. A. analysis B. dynamic C. definition D. truth 14. A. play B. walk C. stick D. glance 15. A. moved B. recovered C. dashed D. slid 三、语法填空 Decorative stove artwork attracts a growing number of ___1___ (admire), who enjoy the memories it evokes, Yang Feiyue reports. The distinctive art form in Jiaxing ___2___ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011. An old wooden stove, ___3___ (bear) rich vivid images, took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, in early February. The images feature historical and legendary figures, fairy tales, animals and flowers, all of ___4___ are depicted in bright colors and have a way of claiming attention from viewers. It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, ___5___ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. Locals burned firewood and straw in it to cook ___6___ gas burners or microwave ovens were available. “Historical evidence shows the art has ___7___ history of at least 300 years,” says Zhao from Haiyan’s Tongyuan town. Most of those engaged ___8___ zaotou painting were bricklayers in rural areas where they were often hired by villagers to build a mud stove in ___9___ (they) new home. Tools used to produce such art included a selection of brushes, rulers, and paint. As people’s aesthetic appreciation grew, watercolors were applied, mostly red, yellow and blue. “But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always ___10___ (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners,” Zhao says. 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A While you may be a master of buying Secret Santa gifts or white elephant gifts, shopping for a college student can be quite tricky. Whether you’re shopping for a soon-to-be graduate or a college freshman, our guide has you covered on the best gifts for college students. For the goal setter: Ban.do 12-month Planner Gifts for college students that help them achieve their academic targets are always a good idea. This 12-month planner includes year, month and week views to keep classes and extracurriculars organized; while the handwriting on the cover (endless possibilities) provides positive inspiration. There’s also fun artwork, a coloring page and stickers to customize (定制) their planner. For the tech lover: Apple 10.2-inch iPad If your college student is glued to their laptop, the addition of an iPad will be a welcome one. It has ten hours of battery life, two cameras and a wide 10.2-inch display that’s perfect for note taking, movie watching and snapping photos. This useful tech gift also pairs with a set of AirPods or an Apple Pencil to help maximize its usage. For photograph beginners: Fujifilm Instax Mini Link Smartphone Printer Got a teen who’s always taking photos with their iPhone or camera? Fujifilm Instax Smartphone Printers will definitely delight everyone. It’s one of the greatest gifts for photographers because it allows them to easily print their favorite shots with just the click of a button. For the coffee lover: Ember Temperature-Controlled Coffee Cup Future programmers can keep their Joe warm with this app-controlled smart cup. Coffee stays hot for up to 1.5 hours, or all day when paired with the included charging coaster(杯垫). You can even select the exact temperature you prefer. It’s a thoughtful and useful gift for coffee lovers. Stop hunting for the best products and deals — get our latest information on secret sales and discounts, gift ideas for everyone and can’t-miss products. 1. Who is the most likely intended receiver of a Ban.do 12-month Planner? A. A soon-to-be graduate with a gift for art. B. A college freshman good at handwriting. C. A junior college student who enjoys planning. D. A senior college student with regular extracurriculars. 2. How will an Apple 10.2-inch iPad function best? A. When connected to a laptop. B. When charged for ten hours. C. When paired with Apple products. D. When equipped with a 10.2-inch display. 3. What do the last two gifts have in common? A. They can be charged by cellphones. B. They can be controlled by cellphones. C. They meet individuals’ different requirements. D. They are designed for students with IT-smart brains. B The job description of a postman doesn’t always include travelling through thick forests, fast-flowing waters and occasionally being run after by wild animals, but for D. Sivan, that is exactly what it is. Every day for 30 years, this humble postman has been delivering post to some of the most remote villages in Coonoor which are inaccessible by road. Carrying the mail, he walks along the Nilgiri Mountain Railway track, walking through thick forests, crossing slippery streams and walking on railway bridges. Having travelled through the difficult path for 30 years, Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals he encounters on his daily walks, going so far as to say that they’ve all become his friends. But even his friends have occasionally caused him some trouble, with an elephant once having run after him. He was saved by a truck driver who spotted him and honked at the elephant. The animals recognize him now, though. As the years rolled by, emails started replacing letter writing. And as more and more people moved from the Nilgiri hills to the plains-the towns of Mettupalayam and Coimbatore, Sivan’s bag became lighter and lighter every day. Many weeks he ended up carrying just 3-4 letter to each village. One day Sivan noticed that a man to whom he was supposed to deliver his pension had moved to Coimbatore. The man had fallen very sick and was hospitalized. Sivan tracked down the hospital, travelled 80 kms by bus and later car, and delivered the pension. The kind postman even paid for the whole trip himself! Not all heroes wear a cape(披风); some have white hair and carry a simple bag full of letters. Not all heroes write cool stories on Instagram; some just sit outside a door and read out a son’s letter to his mother. 4. Which of the following best describes Sivan’s daily delivery journey? A. Awkward. B. Comfortable. C. Adventurous. D. Uneventful. 5. Why did Sivan travel to Coimbatore? A. To send a pension check. B. To enjoy a trip to the plains. C. To get hospital treatment. D. To draw his pension. 6. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Letters or emails B. The world’s busiest postman C. The postal service in Coonoor D. Capeless hero with a bag C The history of humankind is littered with crafty and seasoned liars. Lying, it turns out, is something that most of us are highly skilled in. We lie with ease, in ways big and small, to strangers, co-workers, friends, and loved ones. Being dishonest is woven into our very fabric, so much so that it would be truthful to say that to lie is human. Like learning to walk and talk, lying is something of a developmental milestone. While parents often find their children’s lies troubling —for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence—Kang Lee, a psychologist, sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive(认知的)growth is on track. To study lying in children, Lee and his colleagues use a simple experiment. They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view, based on an audio clue. The sound played has nothing to do with the toy. “So you play Beethoven, but the toy’s a car,” Lee explains. The experimenter leaves the room, using the excuse of taking a phone call —a lie for the sake of science—and asks the child not to peek at the toy. Returning, the experimenter asks the child for the answer, following up with the question: “Did you peek or not?” Most children can’t resist peeking. The percentage of the children who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their age. Among two-year-old, only 30 percent are mendacious. Among three-year-old, 50 percent lie. And by eight, about 80 percent claim they didn’t peek. What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes. Known as theory of mind, this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs, intentions, and knowledge of others. What then might be the best way to block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives? The answer isn’t clear. Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty, adding a 21st-century twist to the age-old problem. 7. What can we learn about the human tendency to lie? A. It is a rare occurrence. B. It is part of human nature. C. It emerges in adulthood. D. It results from human greed. 8. Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with? A. Children who lie are more likely to fail. B. Parents should prevent children from lying. C. Lying in children suggests a normal growth. D. Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence. 9. What were the children tasked to do in the experiment? A. Determine the names of the hidden items. B. Provide false statements about their actions. C. Hide toys from the view of the experimenter. D. Guess the link between toys and sound clues. 10. What does the underlined word “mendacious” mean in paragraph 4? A. Untruthful. B. Trustworthy. C. Irresponsible. D. Cooperative. 二、写作 第一节 应用文写作 假如你是李华，3月27日你们全班同学参观大运河博物馆(Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum)。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1.参与人员、时间； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Visit to Yangzhou Grand Canal Museum __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The school day rolled slowly away. The moment the bell indicating the ending of the class rang, the students streamed out of the classroom, among whom was Andy. A few moments later, Andy was on his bike, riding on his way home and day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so glued to dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him. He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge flood of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him. With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding as fast as he could -but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart and his legs shaking, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蛰). The last sting had landed him in hospital-and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, keep your head and think your way out of it.” On a nearby hill he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home. “Bees don’t like smoke,” he thought. “They couldn’t get into the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson’s house, but the bees were approaching. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, Andy saw a small pool used by Mr. Nelson to water his vegetable garden. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In a short while, Andy’s mother showed up. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $