卷04-【灿烂六月 · 金8卷】备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷）

【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷04） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Officer Eric Robbins responded to a 911 call, he didn’t know he’d be facing his worst fear. Neighbours reported a five-year-old boy wandering on the roof of a nearby house. The child didn’t seem frightened of the 30-foot drop awaiting him. Robbins could feel it though, and he knew he had to take action. However, there was one 1 : he was deathly afraid of heights. Choosing 2 over fear, Robbins charged up the stairs and out of the open window. Quickly yet carefully, he just 3 the kid and started trying to map out how he could 4 grab the kid without shocking him and not fall off the roof. “I don’t think he knew I was there,” Robbins told the local news. “It felt like forever because I’m scared of heights.” Amazingly, he 5 the boy and pulled him away from the edge, completing the rooftop rescue without injury to either of them. The parents were 6 that their son was back inside safe. They were grateful to all the officers of the police department, but especially Robbins. “As a parent, I cannot express how much it means to know there are officers committed to 7 and serving with such sympathy,” wrote the parents in a thank-you letter. Robbins was 8 by the parents’ gratitude and revealed that it could have been his kid and someone would do the same. Many would believe what Robbins did was brave even if he wasn’t afraid of heights, but the knowledge of his fear made his heroic behaviour even more 9 . This act of heroism is more than a rescue; it’s a reminder of the human 10 behind the badge (警徽). 1．A．excuse B．mistake C．problem D．accident 2．A．duty B．trust C．justice D．security 3．A．ran into B．picked up C．locked onto D．knocked over 4．A．politely B．safely C．warmly D．casually 5．A．hit B．tied C．lowered D．reached 6．A．proud B．hopeful C．surprised D．relieved 7．A．cooperating B．protecting C．volunteering D．instructing 8．A．inspired B．humbled C．comforted D．challenged 9．A．complex B．common C．impressive D．mysterious 10．A．courage B．honesty C．patience D．confidence 第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） A 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Gary Sigley, an Australian professor, says his 90-something mother still enjoys Chinese tea each day. A few years ago, he made her a cup of Pu’er tea, 11 marked her first encounter with Chinese tea. “I placed Pu’er on her palm,” he recalls. “At that moment, an elderly Australian woman 12 (hold) a cup of Yunnan tea. I suddenly realized that tea is a medium of friendship between different nations and peoples. It is a cultural treasure 13 (share) with the world by the Chinese people.” B 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do some people overcome challenges while others give up? According to research, people tend to have either a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. Those with a fixed mindset believe that abilities can’t be changed, and they usually 14 (discourage) by failure or even avoid challenges. 15 those with a growth mindset believe they can improve with effort, and they often push themselves to grow. It is effort that leads to lasting success. With this mindset, we can all grow into 16 (good) learners, executives and friends. C 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Trust connects everything — our friendships, families, communities — and even influences 17 we run businesses or build nations. It’s easy to think of trust as something we are taught by society, but it runs deeper than that. Trust is part of our nature. It 18 (build) into us through thousands of years of evolution. 19 cities and governments, early humans had to depend on each other. They lived in small groups where working together wasn’t optional. It was a matter of survival. Trust came out of 20 (necessary), not choice. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A See the Great Smoky Mountains in an amazing and unique way—from the air on a scenic helicopter tour! Passengers will get to fly over the Great Smoky Mountains for a birds eye view of the top sights in the area. These tours offer breathtaking views of your favorite Gatlinburg landmarks so be sure to pursue one! Lake View Tour Available Now until 12/21 Explore Douglas Lake as well as the Great Smoky Mountains on this 12 mile journey through the skies. Visitors will be treated to glorious views of the French Broad River and Douglas Lake. Other highlights on this tour include Smokies farmland and Douglas Dam, a World War II era dam. The experience lasts approximately 6 minutes. Mountain Valley Tour Available Now until 12/24 This 24 mile tour, is the perfect addition to your sightseeing adventures in the Smokies. During this flight, you’ll see the gorgeous Tennessee Valley, the Great Smoky Mountain National Park, and Bluff and Sugarloaf Mountains. This is the best flight to choose if you want to get amazing mountain views. The entire experience lasts approximately 12 minutes. National Park Tour Available Now until 12/28 This 50 mile National Park Tour which lasts approximately 25 minutes is an amazing adventure through the Great Smoky Mountains and surrounding areas. As for natural wonders, the tour is sure to impress and is a must-have! Gatlinburg Tour Available Now until 12/30 Gatlinburg, TN is one of the most gorgeous cities in the Smoky Mountain area. Take to the skies to get the best views of the beautiful city, Gatlinburg. The tour lasts for 40 miles and approximately 18 minutes. 21．What is the purpose of this text? A．To introduce the Great Smoky Mountains’ amazing views. B．To explain what you can see in Helicopter Tours. C．To advertise Great Smoky Mountains Helicopter Tours. D．To recommend some good travel destinations. 22．If you show special preference to city views, which tour should you choose? A．Lake View Tour. B．Mountain Valley Tour. C．National Park Tour. D．Gatlinburg Tour. 23．What can we infer about the tours from the text? A．They are unforgettable for the tourists. B．They last approximately equal time. C．They can be taken on any day in December. D．They cost more than common ones. B My fingers trembled as I signed the pre-medical application form. The watercolor brushes on my desk stared back at me like abandoned friends. I’m Lora, an 18-year-old who secretly drew brain diagrams on napkins while classmates drew cartoons. “Art feeds the soul but starves the body,” Mom always said. Her words haunted me as my biology textbooks slowly buried my drawing pads. Then came the school career fair that changed everything. Dr. Eleanor Whitman from Harvard asked us to list our “hidden skills”. My hand shook as I wrote “observing details”—something I’d learned from painting flower petals. “That’s medical research’s most needed skill” she exclaimed, sharing how a student turned microbiology notes into textbook illustrations. My lab partner whispered, “Remember our photosynthesis (光合作用) comic?” For the first time, my two worlds didn’t feel so separate. The real surprise came during hospital volunteering. Watching surgeries, I noticed something—the steady hands of doctors reminded me of my brushwork. When a boy struggled to describe his pain, I drew a fire-breathing dragon on his cast. “You made medicine speak,” the nurse said. Slowly, my drawing pads filled with cells that looked like colored-glass art and X-rays arranged like abstract paintings. Mr. Dawson, our career counselor, helped connect these dots. On his whiteboard, my medical knowledge and art skills overlapped in a bright yellow circle labeled “Medical illustration”. He showed me job listings I never knew existed—graphic designers for science apps, 3D modelers for anatomy (解剖) classes. “Your ‘impractical’ skill makes you stand out,” he said, pointing to my dragon drawing now used in pain management workshops. Today, my microscope and paintbrushes share the same desk. The same hands that once hesitated between them now create 3D models of viruses for vaccine education. Sometimes I teach young patients to draw their feelings instead of describing them. My story isn’t about heart and reality canceling each other out—they just multiply possibilities. 24．What can be inferred about Lora from Paragraph 1? A．She was excited about studying medicine. B．She felt torn between art and medical study. C．She regretted not practicing painting earlier. D．She gave up the hobby of drawing completely. 25．What finally led Lora to pursue Medical illustration? A．Recognition from a nurse. B．Guidance from Mr. Dawson. C．Encouragement from Dr. Eleanor Whitman. D．A dragon drawing from her volunteer experience. 26．What message does the author want to convey? A．Follow the beaten track to success. B．A picture is worth a thousand words. C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. D．Two strings to your bow light the way. C Deep below the ground, radioactive elements break up water molecules（分子）, producing ingredients that can fuel subsurface life. This process, known as radio-lysis（辐射分解）, has sustained bacteria in isolated, water-filled cracks on Earth for millions to billions of years. Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface. Dust storms, rays in the universe and solar winds ruin the Red Planet's surface. But below-ground, some life might find refuge. "The environment with the best chance of habitability on Mars is the subsurface," says Jesse Tarnas, a planetary scientist at NASA．Examining the Martin underground could help scientists learn whether life could have survived there. And the best subsurface samples available today are Martin meteorites（陨石）that have crash-landed on Earth. Tarnas and his colleague evaluated the mineral makeup and radio-active element abundance in the Martin surface using satellite and rover data. They input these data into a computer model that simulated（模拟）radiolysis to see how efficiently the process would have generated hydrogen gas and other chemical ingredients that can sustain the underground bacteria. The researchers report that if water was present, radiolysis in the Martin subsurface could have sustained life for billions of years and perhaps still could today. Scientists previously studied Mars radiolysis, but this marks the first estimate using Martin rocks to quantify the planet's subsurface habitability. Tarnas and his colleagues also evaluated the potential richness of life in the Martin underground and found that as many as a million bacteria could exist in a kilogram of rock. The most habitable meteorite samples analysed appeared to be made of a rock type called regolith breccia. "These are thought to come from the southern highlands of Mars, which is the most ancient area on Mars," Tarnas says. Underground life, as described by this research, would require water and it remains unknown if groundwater exists on the planet, says Lujendra Ojha, a planetary scientist at Rutgers University. Determining whether the Martin subsurface contains water will be an important next step, but this investigation helps to motivate that search. Ojha says, "Where there is groundwater, there could be life." 27．Scientists believe the Martian subsurface might be habitable probably because _________. A．the Martin surface absorbs rays in the universe B．radio-lysis may exist in the Martian underground C．radiation combines ingredients for subsurface life to survive D．cracks in Martian meteorites overflow with bacteria 28．What's the purpose of using Martian meteorites? A．To measure the Martian habitability below-ground B．To simulate the process of producing hydrogen. C．To help life find shelter from solar winds D．To explore the source of hydrogen gas. 29．What can be inferred from the last 3 paragraphs? A．Tarnas was the first to study Mars radiolysis. B．The Martian underground proved to be rich in bacteria. C．The southern highlands of Mars are the most habitable. D．The existence of groundwater is key to the investigation findings. 30．The passage is mainly concerned with _________. A．the reason for no life on the Martian surface B．the source of data for the study of Martian habitability C．the possibility of Mars sustaining life through radiation D．the richness of radioactive elements below the Martian surface D “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods. But methodological reform hasn't come without some fretting. Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow. What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. One concern about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too. Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis: that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together. 31．What is the function of Paragraph 3 in the passage? A．To introduce the concept of intellectual modesty. B．To criticize the conservative mindset of scientists. C．To illustrate the challenges scientific community faces. D．To explain why methodological reformers need self-reflection. 32．What does the word “demoralizing” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Worrying. B．Confusing. C．Destructive. D．Discouraging. 33．What will the author probably agree with? A．Nosek’s strategy is among the best methodological tools. B．Nosek’s strategy can increase the motivation of scientists. C．The public should not be informed of scientific uncertainty. D．Intellectual modesty might drive collective progress in science. 34．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To show self-reflection is also part of science. B．To suggest a humble attitude in doing science. C．To explain why the public misunderstands science. D．To argue against adopting a single method in science. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is considerable evidence from studies with adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health. 35 A 2023 analysis suggested that young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges. 36 It could be that the children volunteers were already in great health. But because of an alarming rise in mental health issues among young people, environmental health scientists believe this early evidence is promising enough to pursue. A 2021 advisory warned that the number of young people reporting constant feelings of sadness or hopelessness had increased by40 percent over the previous decade. There are multiple possible causes, including anxiety over climate change, the effects of social media use and unfriendly personal circumstances. To address these problems, researchers point to the importance of “contribution” as an essential piece of social and emotional development for teenagers. Volunteering is one good way young people can contribute. 37 In 2022, developmental psychologist Parissa Ballard and her colleagues tested volunteering as an intervention for nine 14-to-20-year-olds who had been recently diagnosed with mild to moderate depression or anxiety. After 30 hours of volunteer work at community organizations, the average reduction in depressive symptoms was 19 percent. What accounts for the benefits? Helping others improves mood and raises confidence. It provides rich ground for building social connections. It also changes how young people see themselves. Many teens don’t feel important. 38 There may be a potential downside to volunteering, however. 39 “Young people have to choose something that feels meaningful to them,” Ballard says. Adults can help by offering choices and checking volunteer opportunities to be sure that organizations are well run and equipped to offer a good experience. A．Admittedly, this finding only shows connections. B．Now scientists are finding similar links in children and teenagers. C．This improvement was in comparison with young people who did not volunteer. D．The sense of mattering to others translates really well to their needs to connect and belong. E．Everyone in the study enjoyed the work and reported a sense of pride and accomplishment. F．The experience can be harmful if young people feel like they are being forced to participate. G．Volunteering gives them a different sense of themselves, a sense of confidence and self-value. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We all like to think that we are rational (理性的) thinkers, but poor decisions and choices are evident all around us: staying in bad relationships or boring jobs, taking up smoking, eating too much junk food; the list goes on. So why can’t we make better decisions? One reason appears to be what psychologists call “decision fatigue”: the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. For example, if you are ground down by everyday struggles, you have less mental energy for good decisions. However, studies point to the fact that deciding things early in the day is likely to lead to better outcomes. Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones. Another worthwhile strategy is to pretend that you are advising an imaginary friend, rather than relating decisions to your own life. This creates a distance between you and the issues in question, and can help you to think logically rather than emotionally. People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉). Perhaps the most important thing we can do to minimize the possibility of regret is to make sure that our decisions are in line with our life values; in other words, to have a life vision and be true to it. Instead of asking ourselves questions such as “Which option is safer?” or “Which option is best financially?”, it is far better to ask “How will I feel about this when I’m 70?”. 40．What does “decision fatigue” mean? ____________________________________________________________________________________________41．Why do people tend to make good decisions early in the day? ____________________________________________________________________________________________42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why. ▷Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________43．In addition to the strategies in the passage, please suggest another way to make good decisions. (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44．假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从微博中看到你参加了学校举办的“在爱国中成长”（Growing Up with Patriotism）为主题的实践活动，写信向你了解情况。请你用英文回信，内容包括： 1．介绍开展的活动； 2．分享你的感受。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷04） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Officer Eric Robbins responded to a 911 call, he didn’t know he’d be facing his worst fear. Neighbours reported a five-year-old boy wandering on the roof of a nearby house. The child didn’t seem frightened of the 30-foot drop awaiting him. Robbins could feel it though, and he knew he had to take action. However, there was one 1 : he was deathly afraid of heights. Choosing 2 over fear, Robbins charged up the stairs and out of the open window. Quickly yet carefully, he just 3 the kid and started trying to map out how he could 4 grab the kid without shocking him and not fall off the roof. “I don’t think he knew I was there,” Robbins told the local news. “It felt like forever because I’m scared of heights.” Amazingly, he 5 the boy and pulled him away from the edge, completing the rooftop rescue without injury to either of them. The parents were 6 that their son was back inside safe. They were grateful to all the officers of the police department, but especially Robbins. “As a parent, I cannot express how much it means to know there are officers committed to 7 and serving with such sympathy,” wrote the parents in a thank-you letter. Robbins was 8 by the parents’ gratitude and revealed that it could have been his kid and someone would do the same. Many would believe what Robbins did was brave even if he wasn’t afraid of heights, but the knowledge of his fear made his heroic behaviour even more 9 . This act of heroism is more than a rescue; it’s a reminder of the human 10 behind the badge (警徽). 1．A．excuse B．mistake C．problem D．accident 2．A．duty B．trust C．justice D．security 3．A．ran into B．picked up C．locked onto D．knocked over 4．A．politely B．safely C．warmly D．casually 5．A．hit B．tied C．lowered D．reached 6．A．proud B．hopeful C．surprised D．relieved 7．A．cooperating B．protecting C．volunteering D．instructing 8．A．inspired B．humbled C．comforted D．challenged 9．A．complex B．common C．impressive D．mysterious 10．A．courage B．honesty C．patience D．confidence 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了恐高的警官埃里克·罗宾斯（Eric Robbins）克服自身对高度的极度恐惧，成功救下在屋顶徘徊的五岁男孩的故事，以及事后家长的感激和对他英雄行为的赞扬。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一个难题：他极度恐高。A. excuse借口；B. mistake错误；C. problem问题，难题；D. accident事故，意外。前文“Neighbours reported a five-year-old boy wandering on the roof of a nearby house. The child didn’t seem frightened of the 30-foot drop awaiting him. Robbins could feel it though, and he knew he had to take action.”提到Eric Robbins必须采取行动去救30英尺高的屋顶上的男孩，后文“he was deathly afraid of heights”指出他极度恐高，这是他实施救援所面临的一个难题。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：选择职责而非恐惧，Robbins冲上楼，从敞开的窗户翻了出去。A. duty责任，义务；B. trust信任；C. justice公平，正义；D. security安全措施，安全感。根据上文“When Officer Eric Robbins responded to a 911 call, he didn’t know he’d be facing his worst fear.”、“he was deathly afraid of heights.”以及下文“Robbins charged up the stairs and out of the open window”可知，罗宾斯的身份是警官，救人事关职业责任，尽管恐高，但是还是上去救人，duty“职责”与fear“恐惧”形成对比，符合“克服恐惧履行使命”的逻辑。故选A。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他迅速而谨慎地锁定了那个孩子，随后开始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不吓到他，又不会从屋顶摔下去。A. ran into偶然遇见，遭遇；B. picked up接人，搭载，捡起；C. locked onto寻找跟踪，锁定（目标）；D. knocked over打倒（或击倒、撞倒）某人。根据上文“Robbins charged up the stairs and out of the open window. Quickly yet carefully”以及空后“the kid”可知，Robbins在屋顶上先明确孩子位置、保持关注的状态， locked onto表示“锁定（目标）”符合 “紧盯不放、精准聚焦” 的救援状态。故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他迅速而谨慎地锁定了那个孩子，随后开始思考如何既能安全抓住他、不吓到他，又不会从屋顶摔下去。A. politely有礼貌地；B. safely安全地；C. warmly热情地；D. casually随意地，漫不经心地。根据空后“grab the kid without shocking him and not fall off the roof.”可知，此处指安全地抓住孩子，safely“安全地”符合救援场景。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他够到了那个男孩，把他从屋顶边缘拉开，成功完成了这次屋顶救援，两人均未受伤。A. hit击，打；B. tied系，扎，捆；C. lowered减少，降低；D. reached到达，够到。根据下文“and pulled him away from the edge”可知，此处指伸手够到男孩后把他从屋顶边缘拉开。故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩的父母因儿子安全回到屋内而感到如释重负。A. proud自豪的，骄傲的；B. hopeful满怀希望的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. relieved感到宽慰的，感到安心的。根据上文“completing the rooftop rescue without injury to either of them”以及空后“their son was back inside safe”可知，孩子被安然无恙救下，父母如释重负、感到安心。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“身为家长，我无法表达得知有如此充满同情心的警官们致力于保护和服务意味着多大意义，”这对父母在一封感谢信中写道。A. cooperating合作；B. protecting保护；C. volunteering自愿做，主动要求做；D. instructing指示，命令。根据上文“Amazingly, he ____5____ the boy and pulled him away from the edge, completing the rooftop rescue without injury to either of them.”以及空后“serving”可知，警察Eric Robbins克服自身恐高，救下孩子，作为警察他保护群众，尽职尽责。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Robbins收到这份谢意时倍感谦逊，并坦言若处境对调，那可能是他的孩子，别人也会做同样的事。A. inspired激励，鼓舞；B. humbled谦逊，使感到惭愧；C. comforted安慰；D. challenged挑战。根据空后“revealed that it could have been his kid and someone would do the same.”可知，面对孩子父母的感激，罗宾斯非常谦逊，不居功、将自己的救人行为归于人之常情。固定搭配be humbled“感到谦卑，谦逊”符合语境。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多人认为，即便Robbins不恐高，他的所作所为也堪称勇敢，但知晓他恐高这一情况后，他的英雄行为更令人钦佩。A. complex复杂的，难懂的；B. common常见的，共同的；C. impressive令人敬佩的，给人印象深刻的；D. mysterious神秘的；奇怪的。根据上文“he was deathly afraid of heights”可知，Robbins恐高，因此他克服恐惧从30英尺高的地方救人的行为更令人钦佩。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一英雄壮举不仅是一次救援，更提醒着人们警徽背后闪耀的人性勇气。A. courage勇气；B. honesty诚实；C. patience耐心；D. confidence自信。根据上文“he was deathly afraid of heights”以及所讲述的Robbins克服恐高救孩子的事迹可知，这次救援行动是警察群体乃至普通人身上所蕴含的“人性勇气”的体现。故选A。 第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） A 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Gary Sigley, an Australian professor, says his 90-something mother still enjoys Chinese tea each day. A few years ago, he made her a cup of Pu’er tea, 11 marked her first encounter with Chinese tea. “I placed Pu’er on her palm,” he recalls. “At that moment, an elderly Australian woman 12 (hold) a cup of Yunnan tea. I suddenly realized that tea is a medium of friendship between different nations and peoples. It is a cultural treasure 13 (share) with the world by the Chinese people.” 【答案】11．which 12．was holding 13．shared 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述澳大利亚教授加里・西利给九十多岁母亲泡普洱茶，这是她首次接触中国茶，教授由此感悟到茶是各国人民友谊的媒介，是中国分享给世界的文化瑰宝。 11．考查定语从句。句意：几年前，他为她泡了一杯普洱茶，这标志着她第一次接触到了中国茶。空格后是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面“他给母亲泡普洱茶”这件事，从句缺主语，故填which。 12．考查时态。句意：就在那一刻，一位年长的澳大利亚女士手中捧着一杯云南茶。根据At that moment可知，描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，主语an elderly Australian woman 为单数，故填was holding。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这是中国人民向世界奉献的一份文化瑰宝。” 空格处作后置定语修饰a cultural treasure，与share是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，故填shared。 B 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do some people overcome challenges while others give up? According to research, people tend to have either a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. Those with a fixed mindset believe that abilities can’t be changed, and they usually 14 (discourage) by failure or even avoid challenges. 15 those with a growth mindset believe they can improve with effort, and they often push themselves to grow. It is effort that leads to lasting success. With this mindset, we can all grow into 16 (good) learners, executives and friends. 【答案】14．are discouraged 15．But/While 16．better 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了固定型思维模式和成长型思维模式的区别，指出成长型思维模式让人通过努力克服挑战、获得成功，而固定型思维模式易让人因失败气馁、回避挑战。 14．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：那些有固定型思维模式的人认为能力是无法改变的，他们通常会因失败而气馁，甚至回避挑战。设空处为谓语，主语they与discourage之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；根据前文believe可知，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语they为复数，be动词用are。故填are discouraged。 15．考查连词。句意：而那些有成长型思维模式的人相信，通过努力他们可以进步，并且他们经常推动自己成长。前文介绍固定型思维模式的人的表现，后文介绍成长型思维模式的人的表现，前后为转折或者对比关系，需用连词but或者while连接，句首单词首字母需大写。故填But/While。 16．考查形容词比较级。句意：有了这种思维模式，我们都能成长为更好的学习者、管理者和朋友。此处隐含与自身之前状态的对比，需用形容词good的比较级 better，表“更好的”。故填better。 C 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Trust connects everything — our friendships, families, communities — and even influences 17 we run businesses or build nations. It’s easy to think of trust as something we are taught by society, but it runs deeper than that. Trust is part of our nature. It 18 (build) into us through thousands of years of evolution. 19 cities and governments, early humans had to depend on each other. They lived in small groups where working together wasn’t optional. It was a matter of survival. Trust came out of 20 (necessary), not choice. 【答案】17．how 18．is built 19．Before/Without 20．necessity 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了信任是人类进化形成的本能，源于早期社会生存所需的相互依赖，其本质是生存必要性的产物而非主观选择。 17．考查宾语从句。句意：信任连接一切——我们的友谊、家庭、社区——甚至影响着我们经营企业或建设国家的方式。空处引导名词性从句作influences的宾语，结合“we run businesses or build nations”可知，受影响的是“经营企业或建设国家的方式”，从句中缺少方式状语，应用连接副词how作引导词。故填how。 18．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它通过数千年的进化被刻入我们自身。空处作句子的谓语，结合上文对信任的介绍可知，此处也在介绍客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语It指代trust，和build“发展，建立”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是It，be动词应用is。故填is built。 19．考查介词。句意：在城市和政府出现之前/在没有城市和政府情况下，早期人类不得不相互依赖。结合“early humans had to depend on each other”可知，此处描述的是城市和政府出现之前的情况，用介词before表示“在……之前”，或理解为否定条件，用介词without表示“在没有城市和政府的情况下”，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Before/Without。 20．考查名词。句意：信任源于必要性，而非选择。空处作out of的宾语，应用名词necessity，意为“必要，需要”，是不可数名词。故填necessity。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A See the Great Smoky Mountains in an amazing and unique way—from the air on a scenic helicopter tour! Passengers will get to fly over the Great Smoky Mountains for a birds eye view of the top sights in the area. These tours offer breathtaking views of your favorite Gatlinburg landmarks so be sure to pursue one! Lake View Tour Available Now until 12/21 Explore Douglas Lake as well as the Great Smoky Mountains on this 12 mile journey through the skies. Visitors will be treated to glorious views of the French Broad River and Douglas Lake. Other highlights on this tour include Smokies farmland and Douglas Dam, a World War II era dam. The experience lasts approximately 6 minutes. Mountain Valley Tour Available Now until 12/24 This 24 mile tour, is the perfect addition to your sightseeing adventures in the Smokies. During this flight, you’ll see the gorgeous Tennessee Valley, the Great Smoky Mountain National Park, and Bluff and Sugarloaf Mountains. This is the best flight to choose if you want to get amazing mountain views. The entire experience lasts approximately 12 minutes. National Park Tour Available Now until 12/28 This 50 mile National Park Tour which lasts approximately 25 minutes is an amazing adventure through the Great Smoky Mountains and surrounding areas. As for natural wonders, the tour is sure to impress and is a must-have! Gatlinburg Tour Available Now until 12/30 Gatlinburg, TN is one of the most gorgeous cities in the Smoky Mountain area. Take to the skies to get the best views of the beautiful city, Gatlinburg. The tour lasts for 40 miles and approximately 18 minutes. 21．What is the purpose of this text? A．To introduce the Great Smoky Mountains’ amazing views. B．To explain what you can see in Helicopter Tours. C．To advertise Great Smoky Mountains Helicopter Tours. D．To recommend some good travel destinations. 22．If you show special preference to city views, which tour should you choose? A．Lake View Tour. B．Mountain Valley Tour. C．National Park Tour. D．Gatlinburg Tour. 23．What can we infer about the tours from the text? A．They are unforgettable for the tourists. B．They last approximately equal time. C．They can be taken on any day in December. D．They cost more than common ones. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则旅游广告，介绍了参观Great Smoky Mountains的四个路线的情况。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“See the Great Smoky Mountains in an amazing and unique way—from the air on a scenic helicopter tour! Passengers will get to fly over the Great Smoky Mountains for a birds eye view of the top sights in the area. These tours offer breathtaking views of your favorite Gatlinburg landmarks so be sure to pursue one!(以一种奇妙而独特的方式观赏Great Smoky Mountains——从空中乘坐观光直升机！乘客将飞越Great Smoky Mountains，鸟瞰该地区的顶级景观。这些旅程提供了你最喜欢的加特林堡地标的惊人的景色，所以一定要去一个！)”结合文章是一则旅游广告，介绍了参观Great Smoky Mountains的四个路线的情况。可推知，这篇文章的目的是为Great Smoky Mountains直升机旅游做广告。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Gatlinburg, TN is one of the most gorgeous cities in the Smoky Mountain area. Take to the skies to get the best views of the beautiful city, Gatlinburg.(TN Gatlinburg是Smoky Mountain最美丽的城市之一。飞上天空，欣赏美丽的Gatlinburg)”可知，如果你特别喜欢看城市风景，你应该选择Gatlinburg Tour。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据Lake View Tour部分中“Visitors will be treated to glorious views of the French Broad River and Douglas Lake. Other highlights on this tour include Smokies farmland and Douglas Dam, a World War II era dam.(游客可以欣赏到法国宽阔的河流和道格拉斯湖的壮丽景色。这次旅行的其他亮点还包括Smokies农田和道格拉斯大坝，一个二战时期的大坝)”；Mountain Valley Tour部分中“This is the best flight to choose if you want to get amazing mountain views.(如果你想欣赏令人惊叹的山景，这是最好的选择)”以及National Park Tour部分中“As for natural wonders, the tour is sure to impress and is a must-have!(至于自然奇观，一定会给人留下深刻印象，是必游之选！)”可推知，旅行会让游客难忘。故选A。 B My fingers trembled as I signed the pre-medical application form. The watercolor brushes on my desk stared back at me like abandoned friends. I’m Lora, an 18-year-old who secretly drew brain diagrams on napkins while classmates drew cartoons. “Art feeds the soul but starves the body,” Mom always said. Her words haunted me as my biology textbooks slowly buried my drawing pads. Then came the school career fair that changed everything. Dr. Eleanor Whitman from Harvard asked us to list our “hidden skills”. My hand shook as I wrote “observing details”—something I’d learned from painting flower petals. “That’s medical research’s most needed skill” she exclaimed, sharing how a student turned microbiology notes into textbook illustrations. My lab partner whispered, “Remember our photosynthesis (光合作用) comic?” For the first time, my two worlds didn’t feel so separate. The real surprise came during hospital volunteering. Watching surgeries, I noticed something—the steady hands of doctors reminded me of my brushwork. When a boy struggled to describe his pain, I drew a fire-breathing dragon on his cast. “You made medicine speak,” the nurse said. Slowly, my drawing pads filled with cells that looked like colored-glass art and X-rays arranged like abstract paintings. Mr. Dawson, our career counselor, helped connect these dots. On his whiteboard, my medical knowledge and art skills overlapped in a bright yellow circle labeled “Medical illustration”. He showed me job listings I never knew existed—graphic designers for science apps, 3D modelers for anatomy (解剖) classes. “Your ‘impractical’ skill makes you stand out,” he said, pointing to my dragon drawing now used in pain management workshops. Today, my microscope and paintbrushes share the same desk. The same hands that once hesitated between them now create 3D models of viruses for vaccine education. Sometimes I teach young patients to draw their feelings instead of describing them. My story isn’t about heart and reality canceling each other out—they just multiply possibilities. 24．What can be inferred about Lora from Paragraph 1? A．She was excited about studying medicine. B．She felt torn between art and medical study. C．She regretted not practicing painting earlier. D．She gave up the hobby of drawing completely. 25．What finally led Lora to pursue Medical illustration? A．Recognition from a nurse. B．Guidance from Mr. Dawson. C．Encouragement from Dr. Eleanor Whitman. D．A dragon drawing from her volunteer experience. 26．What message does the author want to convey? A．Follow the beaten track to success. B．A picture is worth a thousand words. C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. D．Two strings to your bow light the way. 【答案】24．B 25．B 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Lora的18岁女孩，她热爱艺术但同时对医学产生兴趣。在经历了一系列事件后，她发现可以将自己的艺术技能与医学知识相结合，最终选择了医学插画作为自己的职业方向。她现在同时使用显微镜和画笔，为疫苗教育创建3D病毒模型，并教年轻患者用绘画表达情感。 24．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“My fingers trembled as I signed the pre-medical application form. The watercolor brushes on my desk stared back at me like abandoned friends. (当我签署医学预科申请表时，我的手指颤抖着。桌上的水彩画笔像被遗弃的朋友一样盯着我。)”以及后文提到的母亲的话“Art feeds the soul but starves the body(艺术滋养灵魂，但饿坏身体)”可知， Lora在艺术和医学学习之间感到矛盾和挣扎，她既热爱艺术，又对医学产生兴趣。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Mr. Dawson, our career counselor, helped connect these dots. On his whiteboard, my medical knowledge and art skills overlapped in a bright yellow circle labeled ‘Medical illustration’. (我们的职业顾问道森先生帮助我们理清了这些思路。在他的白板上，我的医学知识和艺术技能在一个标有“医学插画”的亮黄色圆圈中重叠)”可知，道森先生通过在白板上展示医学知识和艺术技能的重叠关系，让Lora清晰地认识到可以将这两者结合起来，从而引导她追求医学插画这个职业。故选B。 26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My story isn’t about heart and reality canceling each other out—they just multiply possibilities.(我的故事不是关于心灵和现实相互抵消——它们只是增加了可能性。)”以及全文的描述，Lora既热爱艺术又对医学产生兴趣，最终她找到了将两者结合的职业方向——医学插画。这传达了一个信息，即拥有多项技能或兴趣可以为自己开辟更多的可能性。因此，选项D“Two strings to your bow light the way.(两手准备，照亮前路)”是作者要传达的内容。故选 D。 C Deep below the ground, radioactive elements break up water molecules（分子）, producing ingredients that can fuel subsurface life. This process, known as radio-lysis（辐射分解）, has sustained bacteria in isolated, water-filled cracks on Earth for millions to billions of years. Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface. Dust storms, rays in the universe and solar winds ruin the Red Planet's surface. But below-ground, some life might find refuge. "The environment with the best chance of habitability on Mars is the subsurface," says Jesse Tarnas, a planetary scientist at NASA．Examining the Martin underground could help scientists learn whether life could have survived there. And the best subsurface samples available today are Martin meteorites（陨石）that have crash-landed on Earth. Tarnas and his colleague evaluated the mineral makeup and radio-active element abundance in the Martin surface using satellite and rover data. They input these data into a computer model that simulated（模拟）radiolysis to see how efficiently the process would have generated hydrogen gas and other chemical ingredients that can sustain the underground bacteria. The researchers report that if water was present, radiolysis in the Martin subsurface could have sustained life for billions of years and perhaps still could today. Scientists previously studied Mars radiolysis, but this marks the first estimate using Martin rocks to quantify the planet's subsurface habitability. Tarnas and his colleagues also evaluated the potential richness of life in the Martin underground and found that as many as a million bacteria could exist in a kilogram of rock. The most habitable meteorite samples analysed appeared to be made of a rock type called regolith breccia. "These are thought to come from the southern highlands of Mars, which is the most ancient area on Mars," Tarnas says. Underground life, as described by this research, would require water and it remains unknown if groundwater exists on the planet, says Lujendra Ojha, a planetary scientist at Rutgers University. Determining whether the Martin subsurface contains water will be an important next step, but this investigation helps to motivate that search. Ojha says, "Where there is groundwater, there could be life." 27．Scientists believe the Martian subsurface might be habitable probably because _________. A．the Martin surface absorbs rays in the universe B．radio-lysis may exist in the Martian underground C．radiation combines ingredients for subsurface life to survive D．cracks in Martian meteorites overflow with bacteria 28．What's the purpose of using Martian meteorites? A．To measure the Martian habitability below-ground B．To simulate the process of producing hydrogen. C．To help life find shelter from solar winds D．To explore the source of hydrogen gas. 29．What can be inferred from the last 3 paragraphs? A．Tarnas was the first to study Mars radiolysis. B．The Martian underground proved to be rich in bacteria. C．The southern highlands of Mars are the most habitable. D．The existence of groundwater is key to the investigation findings. 30．The passage is mainly concerned with _________. A．the reason for no life on the Martian surface B．the source of data for the study of Martian habitability C．the possibility of Mars sustaining life through radiation D．the richness of radioactive elements below the Martian surface 【答案】27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要是关于火星通过辐射维持生命的可能性。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface.（现在发表在《天体生物学》杂志上的一项研究表明，辐射裂解可能有助于火星地下的生命存在）”，可知，科学家们认为火星地下可能适合居住，这可能是因为火星地下可能存在辐射分解现象。故选B。 28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“below-ground, some life might find refuge.（在地下，一些生命可能会找到避难所）”和“Examining the Martin underground could help scientists learn whether life could have survived there. And the best subsurface samples available today are Martin meteorites（陨石）that have crash-landed on Earth.（研究地下的马丁可以帮助科学家们了解那里是否有生命存在。 而目前可获得的最好的地表下样本是撞击地球的马丁陨石）”，可知，使用火星陨石的目的是为了测量火星地下的可居住性。故选A。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Underground life, as described by this research, would require water and it remains unknown if groundwater exists on the planet（正如这项研究所描述的那样，地下生命需要水，而目前还不清楚地球上是否存在地下水）”和“Determining whether the Martin subsurface contains water will be an important next step, but this investigation helps to motivate that search. Ojha says, ‘Where there is groundwater, there could be life.’（下一步重要的一步是确定马丁号的地下是否有水，但这次调查有助于推动搜索。 Ojha说:“哪里有地下水，哪里就可能有生命”）”，可知，从最后3段可以推断出“地下水的存在是调查结果的关键。”故选D。 30．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Deep below the ground, radioactive elements break up water molecules（分子）, producing ingredients that can fuel subsurface life. This process, known as radio-lysis（辐射分解）, has sustained bacteria in isolated, water-filled cracks on Earth for millions to billions of years. Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface.（在地下深处，放射性元素分解水分子，产生能够为地下生命提供燃料的成分。 这个过程被称为辐射分解，使细菌在地球上孤立的、充满水的裂缝中存活了数百万到数十亿年。 现在发表在《天体生物学》杂志上的一项研究表明，放射性分解可能有助于火星地下的生命存在）”，可知，这篇文章主要是关于火星通过辐射维持生命的可能性。故选C。 D “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods. But methodological reform hasn't come without some fretting. Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow. What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. One concern about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too. Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis: that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together. 31．What is the function of Paragraph 3 in the passage? A．To introduce the concept of intellectual modesty. B．To criticize the conservative mindset of scientists. C．To illustrate the challenges scientific community faces. D．To explain why methodological reformers need self-reflection. 32．What does the word “demoralizing” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Worrying. B．Confusing. C．Destructive. D．Discouraging. 33．What will the author probably agree with? A．Nosek’s strategy is among the best methodological tools. B．Nosek’s strategy can increase the motivation of scientists. C．The public should not be informed of scientific uncertainty. D．Intellectual modesty might drive collective progress in science. 34．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To show self-reflection is also part of science. B．To suggest a humble attitude in doing science. C．To explain why the public misunderstands science. D．To argue against adopting a single method in science. 【答案】31．C 32．D 33．D 34．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了心理学教授Brian Nosek提出的“假设自己错了”这一策略，及其对科学界和公众理解科学的影响。 31．推理判断题。根据第三段“So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow. (因此，部分挑战在于如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，使其成为这一过程中受欢迎且不可或缺的一部分，而非尴尬的插曲。)”可知，第三段主要阐述了科学界面临的将自我反思融入科学文化的挑战。故选C。 32．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. (努力减少错误可能比“证明自己是对的”这一预期，激励效果更弱。)”可知，“demoralizing”指这种方法可能削弱科学家的积极性，即“令人气馁的”。故选D。 33．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. (尽管有这些担忧，我还是喜欢Nosek的建议，因为它融入了认知谦逊，同时让我们意识到自己可以做得更好。它还融入了社群意识 —— 在无法完全正确地处理事情时，我们都在同一条船上。)”可知，作者认为认知谦逊可能推动科学界的集体进步。故选D。 34．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段““Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science. (“假设你错了。”这条建议来自心理学教授Brian Nosek，他提出了一种追求更好科学的策略。)”以及倒数第二段中“Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. (尽管有这些担忧，我还是喜欢Nosek的建议，因为它既包含了认知上的谦逊，又让我们觉得自己可以做得更好。)”可知，文章主要建议了在做科学时保持谦逊的态度。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is considerable evidence from studies with adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health. 35 A 2023 analysis suggested that young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges. 36 It could be that the children volunteers were already in great health. But because of an alarming rise in mental health issues among young people, environmental health scientists believe this early evidence is promising enough to pursue. A 2021 advisory warned that the number of young people reporting constant feelings of sadness or hopelessness had increased by40 percent over the previous decade. There are multiple possible causes, including anxiety over climate change, the effects of social media use and unfriendly personal circumstances. To address these problems, researchers point to the importance of “contribution” as an essential piece of social and emotional development for teenagers. Volunteering is one good way young people can contribute. 37 In 2022, developmental psychologist Parissa Ballard and her colleagues tested volunteering as an intervention for nine 14-to-20-year-olds who had been recently diagnosed with mild to moderate depression or anxiety. After 30 hours of volunteer work at community organizations, the average reduction in depressive symptoms was 19 percent. What accounts for the benefits? Helping others improves mood and raises confidence. It provides rich ground for building social connections. It also changes how young people see themselves. Many teens don’t feel important. 38 There may be a potential downside to volunteering, however. 39 “Young people have to choose something that feels meaningful to them,” Ballard says. Adults can help by offering choices and checking volunteer opportunities to be sure that organizations are well run and equipped to offer a good experience. A．Admittedly, this finding only shows connections. B．Now scientists are finding similar links in children and teenagers. C．This improvement was in comparison with young people who did not volunteer. D．The sense of mattering to others translates really well to their needs to connect and belong. E．Everyone in the study enjoyed the work and reported a sense of pride and accomplishment. F．The experience can be harmful if young people feel like they are being forced to participate. G．Volunteering gives them a different sense of themselves, a sense of confidence and self-value. 【答案】35．B 36．A 37．D 38．G 39．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年志愿服务对其身心健康有益及相关研究。 35．上文“There is considerable evidence from studies with adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health.(有大量针对成年人的研究证据表明，志愿服务有益于一个人的身心健康)”说明成年人志愿服务有益身心健康。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明在青少年中也有类似发现，并引出下文的相关研究。所以B项“现在科学家们在儿童和青少年中也发现了类似的联系。”符合语境。该项中的“similar links”和上文中的“adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health”呼应。故选B。 36．上文“A 2023 analysis suggested that young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges.(2023年的一项分析表明，参与过社区服务的年轻人更有可能保持极佳的健康状态，并且在面对挑战时能够保持冷静)”以及下文“It could be that the children volunteers were already in great health.(可能是参加志愿活动的孩子本来就很健康)”是对某种发现的一种可能性解释。空处承接上文的发现，并对这种情况给出了认可。A项“诚然，这一发现只是表明了一种联系。”符合语境，引出下文对研究发现局限性的说明，而选项中“this finding”指代了上文中的“young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges”这一发现。故选A。 37．上文“To address these problems, researchers point to the importance of “contribution” as an essential piece of social and emotional development for teenagers. Volunteering is one good way young people can contribute.(为了解决这些问题，研究人员指出，“贡献”对于青少年的社会和情感发展至关重要。志愿服务是年轻人可以做出贡献的一种良好方式)”说明了志愿服务是年轻人可以做出贡献的一种良好方式。空处与上文逻辑紧密相连，解释了志愿服务为何能让年轻人做出贡献。D项“对他人的重要性很好地转化为他们建立联系和归属感的需求。”符合语境，是对上文内容的进一步阐述和解释。故选D。 38．上文“What accounts for the benefits? Helping others improves mood and raises confidence. It provides rich ground for building social connections. It also changes how young people see themselves. Many teens don’t feel important.(这些好处的原因是什么？帮助他人可以改善情绪，增强信心。它为建立社会联系提供了丰富的基础。这也改变了年轻人对自己的看法。许多青少年觉得自己不重要)”列举了几个志愿者带来好处的原因。C项“志愿活动给了他们一种不同的自我感觉，一种自信和自我价值感。”承接上文说明志愿者服务可以让青少年找到自我，产生自信和自我价值观,改变青少年认为自己不重要的看法。故选G。 39．上文“There may be a potential downside to volunteering, however.(然而，志愿服务可能有一个潜在的缺点)”说明志愿服务存在问题。空处具体说明问题所在，F项“如果年轻人觉得自己是被迫参与的，这种经历可能是有害的。”符合语境，解释了志愿服务可能带来负面影响的原因。该项中的“The experience can be harmful”和上文中的“a potential downside”相呼应。故选F。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We all like to think that we are rational (理性的) thinkers, but poor decisions and choices are evident all around us: staying in bad relationships or boring jobs, taking up smoking, eating too much junk food; the list goes on. So why can’t we make better decisions? One reason appears to be what psychologists call “decision fatigue”: the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. For example, if you are ground down by everyday struggles, you have less mental energy for good decisions. However, studies point to the fact that deciding things early in the day is likely to lead to better outcomes. Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones. Another worthwhile strategy is to pretend that you are advising an imaginary friend, rather than relating decisions to your own life. This creates a distance between you and the issues in question, and can help you to think logically rather than emotionally. People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉). Perhaps the most important thing we can do to minimize the possibility of regret is to make sure that our decisions are in line with our life values; in other words, to have a life vision and be true to it. Instead of asking ourselves questions such as “Which option is safer?” or “Which option is best financially?”, it is far better to ask “How will I feel about this when I’m 70?”. 40．What does “decision fatigue” mean? ____________________________________________________________________________________________41．Why do people tend to make good decisions early in the day? ____________________________________________________________________________________________42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why. ▷Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________43．In addition to the strategies in the passage, please suggest another way to make good decisions. (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40．The idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. 41．Because that’s when people feel least tired. 42．Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions. 43．I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。我们都喜欢认为自己是理性的思考者，但糟糕的决定和选择在我们周围随处可见。就此现象文章给出了做正确决定的一些方法。 40．考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control.(认为我们在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限的想法)”可知，“decision fatigue”是指认为自己在做决定和练习自我控制方面的能量储存有限。故答案为：The idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. 41．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones.(我们大多数人都会有这样的经历：带着一个看似无法解决的问题上床睡觉，第二天早上醒来时却灵光一现。因此，当我们感到最不累的时候做出的决定更有可能是正确的)”可知，人们倾向于在早上做出正确的决定是因为那个时候是人们感到最不累的时候。故答案为：Because that’s when people feel least tired. 42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉).(人们经常建议列出优势和劣势，然后对每个列表中的项目进行优先级排序。这当然会有所帮助，但我们需要小心，不要过度考虑每一个决定。我们可能高估了信息的价值，有时最好还是凭直觉行事)”可知，有时根据直觉做出决定是个不错的主意，是因为有时过度思考会高估了信息的价值。故答案为：Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions. 43．开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it. 第二节(20分) 44．假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从微博中看到你参加了学校举办的“在爱国中成长”（Growing Up with Patriotism）为主题的实践活动，写信向你了解情况。请你用英文回信，内容包括： 1．介绍开展的活动； 2．分享你的感受。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Possible version 1【基础版】 Dear Jim, Greetings! I’m thrilled that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event. Let me share it with you. On Sept. 3 we watched the live broadcast of an anti-fascist military parade, which offered us a vivid picture of our nation’s military strength. We were so proud of the well-disciplined troops and advanced military equipment. This pride inspired us to take some action. Last weekend, a volunteer garbage-sorting activity was held in a nearby community, where we guided residents to sort waste into different categories. By contributing to the environmental protection of our community, we realized that patriotism can be shown through small acts of kindness in daily life. All in all, it was really a meaningful event. How do you like it? Looking forward to your early reply. Possible version 2【高阶版】 Dear Jim, Greetings! I’m thrilled that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event. Let me share what made it so special. We began by watching the live broadcast of an anti-fascist military parade on Sept. 3, which offered us a vivid picture of our nation’s military strength. The grand formations and advanced equipment on display filled me with pride and awe for our nation’s commitment to world peace. This patriotic spirit then inspired us to translate our feelings into action. Last week our class created a patriotic-themed wall newspaper, combining traditional art and modern design to showcase cultural heritage. We practiced explaining Chinese traditions in English during the activity, which felt like building a bridge between cultures. What touched me most was realizing how our generation can contribute by blending cultural pride with global perspectives. All in all, it was really an inspiring and meaningful event. How do you like it? Looking forward to your early reply. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国好友Jim写一封回信，介绍学校举办的“在爱国中成长”主题实践活动并分享个人感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled → excited 激励：inspire → motivate 指导：guide → instruct 有意义的：meaningful → significant 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m thrilled that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event. 拓展句：After knowing that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event, I’m thrilled. 【点睛】【高分句型1】On Sept. 3 we watched the live broadcast of an anti-fascist military parade, which offered us a vivid picture of our nation’s military strength.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Last weekend, a volunteer garbage-sorting activity was held in a nearby community, where we guided residents to sort waste into different categories.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷04） 参考答案及评分标准 第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） 【答案】11．which 12．was holding 13．shared 【答案】14．are discouraged 15．But/While 16．better 【答案】17．how 18．is built 19．Before/Without 20．necessity 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 【答案】24．B 25．B 26．D 【答案】27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C 【答案】31．C 32．D 33．D 34．B 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 【答案】35．B 36．A 37．D 38．G 39．F 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 【答案】40．The idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. 41．Because that’s when people feel least tired. 42．Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. According to the passage over-thinking may overestimate the value of information, so sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions. 43．I think when you make a decision, that decision is a good way to realize the values that you hold, but you can also afford the worst consequences of it. 第二节(20分) 【答案】Possible version 1【基础版】 Dear Jim, Greetings! I’m thrilled that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event. Let me share it with you. On Sept. 3 we watched the live broadcast of an anti-fascist military parade, which offered us a vivid picture of our nation’s military strength. We were so proud of the well-disciplined troops and advanced military equipment. This pride inspired us to take some action. Last weekend, a volunteer garbage-sorting activity was held in a nearby community, where we guided residents to sort waste into different categories. By contributing to the environmental protection of our community, we realized that patriotism can be shown through small acts of kindness in daily life. All in all, it was really a meaningful event. How do you like it? Looking forward to your early reply. Possible version 2【高阶版】 Dear Jim, Greetings! I’m thrilled that you saw my Weibo post about “Growing Up with Patriotism” event. Let me share what made it so special. We began by watching the live broadcast of an anti-fascist military parade on Sept. 3, which offered us a vivid picture of our nation’s military strength. The grand formations and advanced equipment on display filled me with pride and awe for our nation’s commitment to world peace. This patriotic spirit then inspired us to translate our feelings into action. Last week our class created a patriotic-themed wall newspaper, combining traditional art and modern design to showcase cultural heritage. We practiced explaining Chinese traditions in English during the activity, which felt like building a bridge between cultures. What touched me most was realizing how our generation can contribute by blending cultural pride with global perspectives. All in all, it was really an inspiring and meaningful event. How do you like it? Looking forward to your early reply. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（北京卷04） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Officer Eric Robbins responded to a 911 call, he didn’t know he’d be facing his worst fear. Neighbours reported a five-year-old boy wandering on the roof of a nearby house. The child didn’t seem frightened of the 30-foot drop awaiting him. Robbins could feel it though, and he knew he had to take action. However, there was one 1 : he was deathly afraid of heights. Choosing 2 over fear, Robbins charged up the stairs and out of the open window. Quickly yet carefully, he just 3 the kid and started trying to map out how he could 4 grab the kid without shocking him and not fall off the roof. “I don’t think he knew I was there,” Robbins told the local news. “It felt like forever because I’m scared of heights.” Amazingly, he 5 the boy and pulled him away from the edge, completing the rooftop rescue without injury to either of them. The parents were 6 that their son was back inside safe. They were grateful to all the officers of the police department, but especially Robbins. “As a parent, I cannot express how much it means to know there are officers committed to 7 and serving with such sympathy,” wrote the parents in a thank-you letter. Robbins was 8 by the parents’ gratitude and revealed that it could have been his kid and someone would do the same. Many would believe what Robbins did was brave even if he wasn’t afraid of heights, but the knowledge of his fear made his heroic behaviour even more 9 . This act of heroism is more than a rescue; it’s a reminder of the human 10 behind the badge (警徽). 1．A．excuse B．mistake C．problem D．accident 2．A．duty B．trust C．justice D．security 3．A．ran into B．picked up C．locked onto D．knocked over 4．A．politely B．safely C．warmly D．casually 5．A．hit B．tied C．lowered D．reached 6．A．proud B．hopeful C．surprised D．relieved 7．A．cooperating B．protecting C．volunteering D．instructing 8．A．inspired B．humbled C．comforted D．challenged 9．A．complex B．common C．impressive D．mysterious 10．A．courage B．honesty C．patience D．confidence 第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分） A 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Gary Sigley, an Australian professor, says his 90-something mother still enjoys Chinese tea each day. A few years ago, he made her a cup of Pu’er tea, 11 marked her first encounter with Chinese tea. “I placed Pu’er on her palm,” he recalls. “At that moment, an elderly Australian woman 12 (hold) a cup of Yunnan tea. I suddenly realized that tea is a medium of friendship between different nations and peoples. It is a cultural treasure 13 (share) with the world by the Chinese people.” B 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do some people overcome challenges while others give up? According to research, people tend to have either a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. Those with a fixed mindset believe that abilities can’t be changed, and they usually 14 (discourage) by failure or even avoid challenges. 15 those with a growth mindset believe they can improve with effort, and they often push themselves to grow. It is effort that leads to lasting success. With this mindset, we can all grow into 16 (good) learners, executives and friends. C 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Trust connects everything — our friendships, families, communities — and even influences 17 we run businesses or build nations. It’s easy to think of trust as something we are taught by society, but it runs deeper than that. Trust is part of our nature. It 18 (build) into us through thousands of years of evolution. 19 cities and governments, early humans had to depend on each other. They lived in small groups where working together wasn’t optional. It was a matter of survival. Trust came out of 20 (necessary), not choice. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A See the Great Smoky Mountains in an amazing and unique way—from the air on a scenic helicopter tour! Passengers will get to fly over the Great Smoky Mountains for a birds eye view of the top sights in the area. These tours offer breathtaking views of your favorite Gatlinburg landmarks so be sure to pursue one! Lake View Tour Available Now until 12/21 Explore Douglas Lake as well as the Great Smoky Mountains on this 12 mile journey through the skies. Visitors will be treated to glorious views of the French Broad River and Douglas Lake. Other highlights on this tour include Smokies farmland and Douglas Dam, a World War II era dam. The experience lasts approximately 6 minutes. Mountain Valley Tour Available Now until 12/24 This 24 mile tour, is the perfect addition to your sightseeing adventures in the Smokies. During this flight, you’ll see the gorgeous Tennessee Valley, the Great Smoky Mountain National Park, and Bluff and Sugarloaf Mountains. This is the best flight to choose if you want to get amazing mountain views. The entire experience lasts approximately 12 minutes. National Park Tour Available Now until 12/28 This 50 mile National Park Tour which lasts approximately 25 minutes is an amazing adventure through the Great Smoky Mountains and surrounding areas. As for natural wonders, the tour is sure to impress and is a must-have! Gatlinburg Tour Available Now until 12/30 Gatlinburg, TN is one of the most gorgeous cities in the Smoky Mountain area. Take to the skies to get the best views of the beautiful city, Gatlinburg. The tour lasts for 40 miles and approximately 18 minutes. 21．What is the purpose of this text? A．To introduce the Great Smoky Mountains’ amazing views. B．To explain what you can see in Helicopter Tours. C．To advertise Great Smoky Mountains Helicopter Tours. D．To recommend some good travel destinations. 22．If you show special preference to city views, which tour should you choose? A．Lake View Tour. B．Mountain Valley Tour. C．National Park Tour. D．Gatlinburg Tour. 23．What can we infer about the tours from the text? A．They are unforgettable for the tourists. B．They last approximately equal time. C．They can be taken on any day in December. D．They cost more than common ones. B My fingers trembled as I signed the pre-medical application form. The watercolor brushes on my desk stared back at me like abandoned friends. I’m Lora, an 18-year-old who secretly drew brain diagrams on napkins while classmates drew cartoons. “Art feeds the soul but starves the body,” Mom always said. Her words haunted me as my biology textbooks slowly buried my drawing pads. Then came the school career fair that changed everything. Dr. Eleanor Whitman from Harvard asked us to list our “hidden skills”. My hand shook as I wrote “observing details”—something I’d learned from painting flower petals. “That’s medical research’s most needed skill” she exclaimed, sharing how a student turned microbiology notes into textbook illustrations. My lab partner whispered, “Remember our photosynthesis (光合作用) comic?” For the first time, my two worlds didn’t feel so separate. The real surprise came during hospital volunteering. Watching surgeries, I noticed something—the steady hands of doctors reminded me of my brushwork. When a boy struggled to describe his pain, I drew a fire-breathing dragon on his cast. “You made medicine speak,” the nurse said. Slowly, my drawing pads filled with cells that looked like colored-glass art and X-rays arranged like abstract paintings. Mr. Dawson, our career counselor, helped connect these dots. On his whiteboard, my medical knowledge and art skills overlapped in a bright yellow circle labeled “Medical illustration”. He showed me job listings I never knew existed—graphic designers for science apps, 3D modelers for anatomy (解剖) classes. “Your ‘impractical’ skill makes you stand out,” he said, pointing to my dragon drawing now used in pain management workshops. Today, my microscope and paintbrushes share the same desk. The same hands that once hesitated between them now create 3D models of viruses for vaccine education. Sometimes I teach young patients to draw their feelings instead of describing them. My story isn’t about heart and reality canceling each other out—they just multiply possibilities. 24．What can be inferred about Lora from Paragraph 1? A．She was excited about studying medicine. B．She felt torn between art and medical study. C．She regretted not practicing painting earlier. D．She gave up the hobby of drawing completely. 25．What finally led Lora to pursue Medical illustration? A．Recognition from a nurse. B．Guidance from Mr. Dawson. C．Encouragement from Dr. Eleanor Whitman. D．A dragon drawing from her volunteer experience. 26．What message does the author want to convey? A．Follow the beaten track to success. B．A picture is worth a thousand words. C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. D．Two strings to your bow light the way. C Deep below the ground, radioactive elements break up water molecules（分子）, producing ingredients that can fuel subsurface life. This process, known as radio-lysis（辐射分解）, has sustained bacteria in isolated, water-filled cracks on Earth for millions to billions of years. Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface. Dust storms, rays in the universe and solar winds ruin the Red Planet's surface. But below-ground, some life might find refuge. "The environment with the best chance of habitability on Mars is the subsurface," says Jesse Tarnas, a planetary scientist at NASA．Examining the Martin underground could help scientists learn whether life could have survived there. And the best subsurface samples available today are Martin meteorites（陨石）that have crash-landed on Earth. Tarnas and his colleague evaluated the mineral makeup and radio-active element abundance in the Martin surface using satellite and rover data. They input these data into a computer model that simulated（模拟）radiolysis to see how efficiently the process would have generated hydrogen gas and other chemical ingredients that can sustain the underground bacteria. The researchers report that if water was present, radiolysis in the Martin subsurface could have sustained life for billions of years and perhaps still could today. Scientists previously studied Mars radiolysis, but this marks the first estimate using Martin rocks to quantify the planet's subsurface habitability. Tarnas and his colleagues also evaluated the potential richness of life in the Martin underground and found that as many as a million bacteria could exist in a kilogram of rock. The most habitable meteorite samples analysed appeared to be made of a rock type called regolith breccia. "These are thought to come from the southern highlands of Mars, which is the most ancient area on Mars," Tarnas says. Underground life, as described by this research, would require water and it remains unknown if groundwater exists on the planet, says Lujendra Ojha, a planetary scientist at Rutgers University. Determining whether the Martin subsurface contains water will be an important next step, but this investigation helps to motivate that search. Ojha says, "Where there is groundwater, there could be life." 27．Scientists believe the Martian subsurface might be habitable probably because _________. A．the Martin surface absorbs rays in the universe B．radio-lysis may exist in the Martian underground C．radiation combines ingredients for subsurface life to survive D．cracks in Martian meteorites overflow with bacteria 28．What's the purpose of using Martian meteorites? A．To measure the Martian habitability below-ground B．To simulate the process of producing hydrogen. C．To help life find shelter from solar winds D．To explore the source of hydrogen gas. 29．What can be inferred from the last 3 paragraphs? A．Tarnas was the first to study Mars radiolysis. B．The Martian underground proved to be rich in bacteria. C．The southern highlands of Mars are the most habitable. D．The existence of groundwater is key to the investigation findings. 30．The passage is mainly concerned with _________. A．the reason for no life on the Martian surface B．the source of data for the study of Martian habitability C．the possibility of Mars sustaining life through radiation D．the richness of radioactive elements below the Martian surface D “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods. But methodological reform hasn't come without some fretting. Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow. What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. One concern about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too. Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis: that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together. 31．What is the function of Paragraph 3 in the passage? A．To introduce the concept of intellectual modesty. B．To criticize the conservative mindset of scientists. C．To illustrate the challenges scientific community faces. D．To explain why methodological reformers need self-reflection. 32．What does the word “demoralizing” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Worrying. B．Confusing. C．Destructive. D．Discouraging. 33．What will the author probably agree with? A．Nosek’s strategy is among the best methodological tools. B．Nosek’s strategy can increase the motivation of scientists. C．The public should not be informed of scientific uncertainty. D．Intellectual modesty might drive collective progress in science. 34．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To show self-reflection is also part of science. B．To suggest a humble attitude in doing science. C．To explain why the public misunderstands science. D．To argue against adopting a single method in science. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is considerable evidence from studies with adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health. 35 A 2023 analysis suggested that young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges. 36 It could be that the children volunteers were already in great health. But because of an alarming rise in mental health issues among young people, environmental health scientists believe this early evidence is promising enough to pursue. A 2021 advisory warned that the number of young people reporting constant feelings of sadness or hopelessness had increased by40 percent over the previous decade. There are multiple possible causes, including anxiety over climate change, the effects of social media use and unfriendly personal circumstances. To address these problems, researchers point to the importance of “contribution” as an essential piece of social and emotional development for teenagers. Volunteering is one good way young people can contribute. 37 In 2022, developmental psychologist Parissa Ballard and her colleagues tested volunteering as an intervention for nine 14-to-20-year-olds who had been recently diagnosed with mild to moderate depression or anxiety. After 30 hours of volunteer work at community organizations, the average reduction in depressive symptoms was 19 percent. What accounts for the benefits? Helping others improves mood and raises confidence. It provides rich ground for building social connections. It also changes how young people see themselves. Many teens don’t feel important. 38 There may be a potential downside to volunteering, however. 39 “Young people have to choose something that feels meaningful to them,” Ballard says. Adults can help by offering choices and checking volunteer opportunities to be sure that organizations are well run and equipped to offer a good experience. A．Admittedly, this finding only shows connections. B．Now scientists are finding similar links in children and teenagers. C．This improvement was in comparison with young people who did not volunteer. D．The sense of mattering to others translates really well to their needs to connect and belong. E．Everyone in the study enjoyed the work and reported a sense of pride and accomplishment. F．The experience can be harmful if young people feel like they are being forced to participate. G．Volunteering gives them a different sense of themselves, a sense of confidence and self-value. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We all like to think that we are rational (理性的) thinkers, but poor decisions and choices are evident all around us: staying in bad relationships or boring jobs, taking up smoking, eating too much junk food; the list goes on. So why can’t we make better decisions? One reason appears to be what psychologists call “decision fatigue”: the idea that we all have a limited store of energy for making decisions and practising self-control. For example, if you are ground down by everyday struggles, you have less mental energy for good decisions. However, studies point to the fact that deciding things early in the day is likely to lead to better outcomes. Most of us will have had the experience of going to bed with a seemingly unsolvable problem, only to wake up with a flash of inspiration the next morning. So decisions made when we feel least tired are more likely to be the right ones. Another worthwhile strategy is to pretend that you are advising an imaginary friend, rather than relating decisions to your own life. This creates a distance between you and the issues in question, and can help you to think logically rather than emotionally. People often advise making lists of advantages and disadvantages, and then prioritizing the items in each list. This can certainly be helpful, but we need to be careful not to over-think every decision. We may overestimate the value of information, and sometimes it is better simply to go with our gut instinct (直觉). Perhaps the most important thing we can do to minimize the possibility of regret is to make sure that our decisions are in line with our life values; in other words, to have a life vision and be true to it. Instead of asking ourselves questions such as “Which option is safer?” or “Which option is best financially?”, it is far better to ask “How will I feel about this when I’m 70?”. 40．What does “decision fatigue” mean? ____________________________________________________________________________________________41．Why do people tend to make good decisions early in the day? ____________________________________________________________________________________________42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why. ▷Sometimes it is a good idea to go with our gut instinct to make decisions, because weighing advantages and disadvantages takes great efforts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________43．In addition to the strategies in the passage, please suggest another way to make good decisions. (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44．假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从微博中看到你参加了学校举办的“在爱国中成长”（Growing Up with Patriotism）为主题的实践活动，写信向你了解情况。请你用英文回信，内容包括： 1．介绍开展的活动； 2．分享你的感受。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第5页（共12页） 试题 第6页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $