内容正文:
高中英语必修一
Unit 1 词汇详解
1.senior /ˈsiːniə/
[词性]adj./ n.
[构词延伸]seniority(n.资历;年长),junior(反义词,adj.低年级的;n.晚辈)
[词义]adj.(地位、水平或级别)高的,高级的;年长的;n.高年级学生;长辈
[例句]As a senior student in high school, she not only leads the school debate club but also helps junior classmates with their academic problems.(作为高中高年级学生,她不仅领导学校辩论俱乐部,还帮助低年级同学解决学业问题。)
[写作使用建议]可用于描述校园角色、社会地位或年龄层级,在介绍信、记叙文或议论文中增强逻辑层次感,如“senior managers”“senior citizens”等搭配适用范围广。
2.senior high /ˈsiːniə haɪ/
[词性]n.(短语)
[构词延伸]senior high school(完整形式,高中),junior high(初中)
[词义]高中
[例句]He joined the school basketball team shortly after entering senior high and won his first championship in the city competition last month.(进入高中后不久,他就加入了学校篮球队,并在上个月的城市比赛中赢得了首个冠军。)
[写作使用建议]日常写作和口语中常用,可替换“high school”增加表达多样性,在描述校园生活、学习经历的文章中高频出现。
3.curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]curiosity(n.好奇心),curiously(adv.好奇地)
[词义]好奇的;奇特的
[例句]The curious student stayed after class to ask the teacher about the origin of the English idioms mentioned in the textbook.(那个好奇的学生课后留下来,向老师询问课本中提到的英语习语的起源。)
[写作使用建议]可用于描写人物性格,在记叙文或散文中塑造“充满探索欲”的角色形象,常用搭配“be curious about sth”“be curious to do sth”,适合议论文中论证“好奇心对学习的重要性”。
4.impression /ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]impress(v.给……留下印象),impressive(adj.令人印象深刻的),impressionable(adj.易受影响的)
[词义]印象,感想;印记
[例句]Her confident speech and warm smile left a deep impression on the interviewers during the school club recruitment.(在学校社团招新中,她自信的发言和温暖的笑容给面试官留下了深刻印象。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,常用于记叙文开头描述“初次印象”,或议论文中表达对某事物的看法,核心搭配“leave a(n) + 形容词 + impression on sb”“make a(n) impression”,替换“opinion”更显生动。
5.campus /ˈkæmpəs/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]campus-wide(adj.校园范围的),off-campus(adj.校外的),on-campus(adj.校内的)
[词义]校园;校区
[例句]Every autumn, the maple trees on the campus turn red, attracting many students to take photos and enjoy the beautiful scenery.(每年秋天,校园里的枫树变红,吸引许多学生拍照欣赏美景。)
[写作使用建议]描写校园生活的核心词汇,可搭配“on campus”“across the campus”“campus facilities”等短语,在记叙文、说明文(介绍学校)中高频使用,替换“schoolyard”更具书面语色彩。
6.tradition /trəˈdɪʃ(ə)n/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]traditional(adj.传统的),traditionally(adv.传统上),traditionalist(n.传统主义者)
[词义]传统;惯例
[例句]It is a long-standing tradition in our school to hold a graduation ceremony under the old banyan tree, which has witnessed the growth of thousands of students.(在老榕树下举行毕业典礼是我们学校的长期传统,这棵树见证了数千名学生的成长。)
[写作使用建议]适合议论文中讨论“传统与创新”的话题,或记叙文、说明文(介绍文化、学校)中描述习俗,常用搭配“follow a tradition”“break with tradition”“cultural tradition”。
7.facility /fəˈsɪlɪti/
[词性]n.(复数:facilities)
[构词延伸]facilitate(v.促进;使便利),facilitator(n.促进者)
[词义]设施;设备;便利条件
[例句]The new senior high school is equipped with advanced science laboratories, a modern gymnasium, and other first-class facilities to meet students' learning and sports needs.(这所新高中配备了先进的科学实验室、现代化体育馆等一流设施,以满足学生的学习和运动需求。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍学校、城市)中常用,特指“为特定目的而建的设施”,需注意复数形式“facilities”更常用,搭配“sports facilities”“teaching facilities”“public facilities”。
8.impressive /ɪmˈpresɪv/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]impress(v.给……留下印象),impression(n.印象),impressively(adv.令人印象深刻地)
[词义]令人钦佩的,给人深刻印象的
[例句]His impressive performance in the national English speech contest earned him a full scholarship to his dream university.(他在全国英语演讲比赛中的出色表现为他赢得了梦想大学的全额奖学金。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作形容词,可修饰“performance”“achievement”“speech”“scenery”等名词,在记叙文结尾评价人物或事件,或议论文中增强说服力,替换“excellent”“great”更显高级。
9.moment /ˈməʊmənt/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]momentary(adj.短暂的),momentarily(adv.暂时地;立刻),momentous(adj.重大的)
[词义]某一时刻;瞬间;片刻
[例句]At the moment when the principal announced that our class won the first prize in the school art festival, the classroom burst into cheers and applause.(当校长宣布我们班获得学校艺术节一等奖的那一刻,教室里爆发出欢呼声和掌声。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文核心词汇,用于捕捉关键场景或情感转折,常用搭配“at the moment”“for a moment”“the moment(that)”(引导时间状语从句),替换“time”更具画面感。
10.author /ˈɔːθə/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]authorship(n.作者身份),authorize(v.授权),authoritative(adj.权威的)
[词义]n.作者,作家;v.创作;撰写
[例句]The author of this novel, who used to be a high school teacher, often incorporates real campus stories into his works to make them more relatable.(这部小说的作者曾是一名高中老师,他经常将真实的校园故事融入作品中,使其更具代入感。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍书籍、作家)或议论文(讨论文学作品)中常用,“author”特指书籍、文章的创作者,区别于“writer”(泛指写作者),搭配“the author of + 作品名”“a famous author”。
11.eagerness /ˈiːɡənəs/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]eager(adj.渴望的),eagerly(adv.热切地)
[词义]热切,渴望
[例句]Her eagerness to learn new things motivated her to sign up for extra courses in physics and chemistry during the summer vacation.(她对学习新事物的渴望促使她在暑假报名参加了物理和化学的额外课程。)
[写作使用建议]可用于描写人物情感或动机,在记叙文、议论文中表达“对目标的追求”,常用搭配“eagerness to do sth”“eagerness for sth”,替换“desire”更侧重“积极主动的渴望”。
12.explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]exploration(n.探索),explorer(n.探险家),exploratory(adj.探索性的)
[词义]考察,探险;探索;探究
[例句]During the geography field trip, the students explored the nearby mountain area to observe the local flora and fauna and collect sample soil for analysis.(在地理实地考察中,学生们探索了附近的山区,观察当地的动植物群,并收集土壤样本进行分析。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,适合议论文中讨论“探索精神”“科技创新”,或记叙文描述实践活动、旅行经历,搭配“explore a problem”“explore new possibilities”“explore different cultures”,替换“study”“research”更具动态感。
13.one by one 依次地,一个接一个地
[词性]adv.短语
[构词延伸]相关表达“one after another”(陆续地),“one by one”侧重“有序逐一”
[词义]依次地,一个接一个地
[例句]After the exam, the students handed in their papers one by one and left the classroom quietly, discussing the difficult questions in low voices.(考试结束后,学生们依次交卷,安静地离开教室,低声讨论着难题。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写场景的常用短语,用于展现“有序的动作流程”,如排队、交作业、展示作品等场景,比“in order”更具画面感和口语化,适合增强文章的生动性。
14.engine /ˈendʒɪn/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]engineer(n.工程师;v.设计),engineering(n.工程学),engine-powered(adj.发动机驱动的)
[词义]发动机,引擎;机车
[例句]The mechanic spent three hours checking the car engine and finally found the problem that caused the abnormal noise.(机械师花了三个小时检查汽车发动机,最终找到了导致异响的问题。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍交通工具、机械)或记叙文(描述旅行、维修场景)中使用,搭配“car engine”“plane engine”“start the engine”,是科技、交通类话题的基础词汇。
15.insect /ˈɪnsekt/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]insecticide(n.杀虫剂),insect-proof(adj.防虫的),insectivore(n.食虫动物)
[词义]昆虫
[例句]During the biology class, the students observed various insects under the microscope, noting the structure of their wings and legs in detail.(生物课上,学生们在显微镜下观察各种昆虫,详细记录它们的翅膀和腿部结构。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍生物、自然)或记叙文(描述户外观察、科学实验)中使用,常见搭配“small insects”“insect species”“study insects”,适合自然科学类话题写作。
16.collection /kəˈlekʃ(ə)n/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]collect(v.收集),collector(n.收藏家),collectible(adj.可收集的;n.收藏品)
[词义](一批)收藏品;收集;采集
[例句]Her father’s collection of ancient coins includes pieces from the Tang Dynasty, which he has been collecting for over twenty years.(她父亲的古钱币收藏包括唐代的钱币,他已经收藏了二十多年。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述个人爱好、家庭故事)或说明文(介绍博物馆、展览)中使用,搭配“a collection of + 名词”(如“a collection of books/paintings/stamps”),替换“a set of”更侧重“经过积累的收藏”。
17.organise /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/(美:organize)
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]organisation(n.组织),organiser(n.组织者),organisational(adj.组织的)
[词义]组织;安排;整理
[例句]As the class monitor, she spent a whole week to organise the class picnic, including booking the venue, preparing food, and arranging transportation.(作为班长,她花了整整一周时间组织班级野餐,包括预订场地、准备食物和安排交通。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,适用于记叙文(描述活动策划)、议论文(讨论团队合作、组织能力),搭配“organise an event/activity/meeting”“organise one’s thoughts/notes”,是校园生活、社会活动类话题的核心词汇。
18.nudge /nʌdʒ/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]nudging(adj.接近的;v.轻推)
[词义]n.(通常用肘)轻推;暗示;v.轻推;用肘推以提醒
[例句]When the teacher asked a difficult question, Tom gave his deskmate a gentle nudge, hinting that he should raise his hand to answer.(当老师提出一个难题时,汤姆轻轻推了推同桌,暗示他应该举手回答。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写细节动作的词汇,可用于展现人物间的互动(提醒、鼓励、暗示),让场景更生动真实,搭配“give sb a nudge”“nudge sb to do sth”,适合刻画细腻的人物关系。
19.butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/
[词性]n.(复数:butterflies)
[构词延伸]butterfly effect(蝴蝶效应),butterfly stroke(蝶泳)
[词义]蝴蝶
[例句]In the campus garden, dozens of colorful butterflies fluttered among the roses, attracting groups of students to stop and watch.(校园花园里,几十只色彩斑斓的蝴蝶在玫瑰丛中飞舞,吸引了一群群学生驻足观看。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描写自然场景、童年回忆)或散文中使用,可作为“美好、自由”的象征,搭配“beautiful butterflies”“butterflies flying”,也可引用“butterfly effect”在议论文中讨论“细节的重要性”。
20.butterflies in one’s stomach 情绪紧张,心里发慌
[词性]n.习语
[构词延伸]核心比喻“内心像有蝴蝶在飞”,形容紧张不安的情绪
[词义]情绪紧张,心里发慌
[例句]Before stepping onto the stage for the speech contest, she felt butterflies in her stomach, but taking a deep breath helped her calm down.(在走上演讲比赛的舞台前,她心里发慌,但深呼吸帮助她平静了下来。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写人物心理的高频习语,比“feel nervous”更生动形象,适合刻画“考试前、演讲前、面试前”等紧张场景,增强文章的感染力和地道性。
21.breathe /briːð/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]breath(n.呼吸),breathing(n.呼吸;adj.呼吸的),breathtaking(adj.令人惊叹的)
[词义]呼吸;透气
[例句]After running 800 meters, the students leaned against the wall to breathe deeply, their faces flushed with exhaustion but full of satisfaction.(跑完800米后,学生们靠墙深呼吸,脸上满是疲惫却洋溢着满足感。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写动作、心理的基础词汇,常用搭配“breathe deeply”“breathe in/out”“stop breathing(短暂)”,可用于紧张、运动、放松等场景,也可用于比喻“breathe new life into sth”(为某物注入新活力),提升写作表达。
22.panic /ˈpænɪk/
[词性]n./ v.(过去式/过去分词:panicked;现在分词:panicking)
[构词延伸]panicked(adj.惊慌的),panicky(adj.恐慌的),panic-stricken(adj.极度恐慌的)
[词义]n.惊恐,惊慌;v.惊慌失措
[例句]When the fire alarm went off suddenly, the teacher told the students not to panic and guided them to evacuate the classroom in an orderly manner.(当火警突然响起时,老师告诉学生们不要惊慌,并引导他们有序撤离教室。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写紧急场景(火灾、地震、突发事故)的核心词汇,搭配“in panic”“cause panic”“panic about sth”,区别于“fear”(侧重“恐惧”),“panic”更强调“突发的、失控的惊慌”,适合增强场景的紧张感。
23.in panic 惊慌地
[词性]adv.短语
[构词延伸]同义短语“in a panic”,用法完全一致
[词义]惊慌地
[例句]When the heavy rain flooded the road, some passers-by ran in panic to find shelter, while others calmly waited under the eaves.(当大雨淹没道路时,一些路人惊慌地跑去寻找避难所,而另一些人则平静地在屋檐下等待。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写紧急场景的常用短语,修饰动词(如“run”“shout”“escape”),比“panicly”(错误表达)更地道,适合展现人物在突发情况下的反应,增强文章的画面感。
24.challenge /ˈtʃæləndʒ/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]challenging(adj.具有挑战性的),challenger(n.挑战者)
[词义]n.挑战;难题;v.向……挑战;考验
[例句]Learning a new language is a great challenge, but with consistent practice and positive attitude, you can surely make remarkable progress.(学习一门新语言是一项巨大的挑战,但通过持续的练习和积极的态度,你一定能取得显著的进步。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“挑战与成长”“克服困难”)或记叙文(描述个人经历)的核心词汇,搭配“face a challenge”“meet a challenge”“take on a challenge”“challenge oneself”,是励志类、成长类话题的必备词汇。
25.pressure /ˈpreʃə/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]press(v.压;按),pressured(adj.有压力的),pressurize(v.施压)
[词义]n.压力;压强;v.施压;迫使
[例句]Faced with the pressure of the college entrance examination, many students learn to balance study and rest to maintain a healthy mental state.(面对高考的压力,许多学生学会了平衡学习和休息,以保持健康的心理状态。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“学业压力”“社会压力”“压力与动力”)或记叙文(描述个人应对压力的经历)中常用,搭配“under pressure”“put pressure on sb”“academic pressure”“work pressure”,替换“stress”(侧重“心理紧张”),“pressure”更侧重“外部施加的压力”。
26.calm /kɑːm/
[词性]adj./ v./ n.
[构词延伸]calmly(adv.平静地),calmness(n.平静),calming(adj.令人平静的)
[词义]adj.镇静的,沉着的;平静的;v.使平静;使镇静;n.平静;镇静
[例句]Even when she made a mistake in the debate, she remained calm and corrected her point clearly to convince the judges.(即使在辩论中犯了错误,她仍然保持镇静,清晰地纠正了自己的观点,以说服评委。)
[写作使用建议]描写人物性格、心理状态的核心词汇,议论文中可论证“冷静的重要性”,记叙文可刻画“紧急情况下沉着应对的人物”,搭配“stay calm”“keep calm”“calm down”“a calm mind”,是情感类、成长类话题的常用词。
27.description /dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]describe(v.描述),descriptive(adj.描述性的),descriptively(adv.描述性地)
[词义]描述,描写,叙述,形容
[例句]The tourist’s detailed description of the ancient town, including its architecture, food, and local customs, made us eager to visit it during the vacation.(这位游客对古镇的详细描述,包括其建筑、美食和当地风俗,让我们渴望在假期去参观。)
[写作使用建议]说明文、记叙文、议论文中均可使用,用于“对事物、场景、人物的描述”,搭配“a detailed description of”“beyond description”(难以形容),在写作中可用于引出具体细节,增强文章的丰富性。
28.confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]confidence(n.信心),confidently(adv.自信地),confidential(adj.机密的)
[词义]有信心的,自信的
[例句]She is confident that she can pass the piano level 10 exam because she has been practicing for two hours every day for the past year.(她有信心通过钢琴十级考试,因为在过去的一年里,她每天都练习两个小时。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,描写人物性格、心理状态的核心词汇,议论文(讨论“自信与成功”)或记叙文(描述个人挑战、成就)中常用,搭配“be confident in sth”“be confident of doing sth”“be confident that 从句”,替换“sure”更具书面语色彩,适合励志类话题。
29.poster /ˈpəʊstə/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]post(v.张贴;n.海报),posterboard(n.广告板),poster design(海报设计)
[词义]海报;招贴画
[例句]The students designed a colorful poster for the school charity sale, highlighting the purpose of the event and the types of items for sale.(学生们为学校慈善义卖设计了一张色彩鲜艳的海报,突出了活动的目的和义卖物品的种类。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述校园活动、宣传场景)或说明文(介绍设计、活动策划)中使用,搭配“design a poster”“put up a poster”“advertising poster”“event poster”,是校园生活、活动类话题的基础词汇。
30.badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]badminton court(羽毛球场),badminton racket(羽毛球拍),badminton player(羽毛球运动员)
[词义]羽毛球(运动)
[例句]Every weekend, he plays badminton with his classmates on the school court, which not only exercises his body but also strengthens their friendship.(每个周末,他都和同学们在学校球场上打羽毛球,这不仅锻炼了身体,还增进了他们的友谊。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述运动爱好、校园生活)中使用,常用于“介绍个人爱好”“描写课外活动”等场景,搭配“play badminton”“a badminton match”,是体育类话题的常用词汇。
31.drama /ˈdrɑːmə/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]dramatic(adj.戏剧的;戏剧性的),dramatically(adv.戏剧性地),dramatist(n.剧作家),drama club(戏剧社)
[词义]戏剧;戏剧艺术;戏剧性事件
[例句]She joined the school drama club and played the leading role in the play “Romeo and Juliet”, which was highly praised by teachers and students.(她加入了学校戏剧社,并在《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中担任主角,受到了老师和学生们的高度赞扬。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述校园活动、兴趣爱好)或议论文(讨论“戏剧的教育意义”“文学与生活”)中使用,搭配“school drama”“drama performance”“stage a drama”,也可用于形容“生活中的戏剧性事件”,增强文章的趣味性。
32.band /bænd/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]band member(乐队成员),band performance(乐队表演),band together(联合)
[词义]n.乐队,乐团;带子;群体;v.用带捆绑;联合
[例句]The school rock band, which was formed by five students with a passion for music, performed at the graduation party and won thunderous applause.(这支由五名热爱音乐的学生组成的学校摇滚乐队在毕业派对上表演,赢得了雷鸣般的掌声。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述校园文化、兴趣活动)中常用,特指“乐队”时搭配“rock band”“school band”“join a band”,是校园生活、音乐类话题的核心词汇,也可用于“a band of friends”(一群朋友)等表达。
33.debate /dɪˈbeɪt/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]debater(n.辩论者),debating(n.辩论;adj.辩论的),debate club(辩论社)
[词义]n.讨论,辩论;v.辩论;争论
[例句]In the school debate competition, the two teams debated fiercely on the topic “Should students have part-time jobs during high school” and presented strong evidence to support their views.(在学校辩论比赛中,两队就“高中生是否应该兼职”这一话题展开了激烈辩论,并提出了有力的证据支持自己的观点。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论热点话题)或记叙文(描述辩论活动)中核心词汇,搭配“hold a debate”“take part in a debate”“debate about/on sth”“debate whether to do sth”,是观点类、思辨类话题的必备词汇,能提升文章的逻辑性。
34.gym /dʒɪm/
[词性]n.(全称:gymnasium)
[构词延伸]gymnastics(n.体操),gymnast(n.体操运动员),gym equipment(健身器材)
[词义]体育馆,健身房;体操
[例句]After school, many students go to the gym to work out, play basketball, or attend yoga classes to relax themselves.(放学后,许多学生去健身房锻炼、打篮球或参加瑜伽课来放松自己。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述课外活动、运动场景)或说明文(介绍学校设施)中常用,搭配“go to the gym”“gym class”“school gym”,是体育类、校园生活类话题的基础词汇,口语和书面语通用。
35.piano /piˈænəʊ/
[词性]n.(复数:pianos)
[构词延伸]pianist(n.钢琴家),piano lesson(钢琴课),piano recital(钢琴独奏会)
[词义]钢琴
[例句]She has been learning to play the piano since she was six years old, and now she can perform complex pieces by Chopin and Beethoven fluently.(她从六岁起就开始学弹钢琴,现在已经能流利地演奏肖邦和贝多芬的复杂曲目。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述兴趣爱好、成长经历)中使用,常用于“介绍个人特长”“描写艺术活动”等场景,搭配“play the piano”“learn the piano”“a grand piano”,是艺术、兴趣类话题的常用词汇。
36.stage /steɪdʒ/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]stage performance(舞台表演),stage director(导演),stage a play(上演戏剧)
[词义]n.舞台;阶段;时期;v.上演;举办;把……搬上舞台
[例句]When she stepped onto the stage to receive the award, she couldn’t help but think of all the efforts she had made in the past year.(当她走上舞台领奖时,她不禁想起了过去一年所付出的所有努力。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述表演、颁奖场景)或议论文(讨论“人生的不同阶段”)中使用,搭配“on the stage”“step onto the stage”“the stage of life”“at an early stage”,既可以指具体的“舞台”,也可用于比喻“人生阶段”,表达灵活,适用范围广。
37.photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]photograph(n.照片;v.拍照),photographer(n.摄影师),photographic(adj.摄影的),photography club(摄影社)
[词义]摄影;摄影术
[例句]His passion for photography led him to join the school photography club, where he learned to capture beautiful moments in daily life with his camera.(他对摄影的热爱促使他加入了学校摄影社,在那里他学会了用相机捕捉日常生活中的美好瞬间。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述兴趣爱好、旅行经历)或说明文(介绍摄影技巧、艺术)中使用,搭配“amateur photography”“digital photography”“love photography”,是兴趣、艺术、旅行类话题的常用词汇。
38.inner /ˈɪnə/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]inner self(内心),inner world(内心世界),inner peace(内心平静),innermost(adj.内心深处的)
[词义](想法或情感)未表达出来的,隐藏的,内心的;内部的
[例句]Although she seems quiet on the surface, her inner world is rich and colorful, full of dreams and expectations for the future.(虽然她表面上看起来安静,但她的内心世界丰富多彩,充满了对未来的梦想和期待。)
[写作使用建议]描写人物心理、情感的高级词汇,记叙文、散文中可用于刻画“内心活动”,议论文中可讨论“内在美”“内心成长”,搭配“inner thoughts”“inner feelings”“inner strength”,替换“internal”更侧重“情感、精神层面的内在”,提升文章的文学性。
39.pm /ˌpiːˈem/
[词性]adv./ n.(缩写:post meridiem)
[构词延伸]对应缩写“am”(上午),完整表达“in the afternoon”
[词义]下午;午后(多用于时间表达)
[例句]The school’s art exhibition will be held from 2 pm to 5 pm this Saturday in the campus auditorium.(学校的艺术展将于本周六下午2点至5点在校园礼堂举行。)
[写作使用建议]书面语和口语中通用,用于明确时间,在通知、日程安排、记叙文描述事件时间等场景中使用,比“in the afternoon”更简洁,注意搭配“at + 数字 + pm”“from...pm to...pm”。
40.argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]argument(n.争论;论点),argumentative(adj.爱争论的),arguably(adv.可以说)
[词义]争论,争辩;论证;主张
[例句]They argued for nearly an hour about which film to watch this weekend, but finally reached an agreement to see the latest science fiction movie.(他们为了这周末看哪部电影争论了将近一个小时,但最终达成一致,去看最新的科幻片。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述人物互动、分歧)或议论文(论证观点)中常用,搭配“argue with sb about/over sth”“argue for/against sth”“argue that 从句”,注意“argue”侧重“通过说理争论”,区别于“quarrel”(侧重“争吵”),适合理性思辨类话题。
41.topic /ˈtɒpɪk/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]topic-related(adj.与话题相关的),topic sentence(主题句),hot topic(热点话题)
[词义]话题,论题;主题
[例句]The teacher asked the students to choose a topic related to environmental protection and write a short essay of 300 words.(老师让学生们选择一个与环境保护相关的话题,写一篇300字的短文。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文、说明文、记叙文(描述讨论场景)中核心词汇,搭配“choose a topic”“discuss a topic”“a hot topic”“the topic of + 名词”,是写作任务、讨论活动类话题的基础词汇,使用范围极广。
42.sharp /ʃɑːp/
[词性]adj./ adv.
[构词延伸]sharply(adv.急剧地;尖锐地),sharpness(n.锐利;敏锐),sharp-eyed(adj.眼尖的)
[词义]adj.敏锐的,聪明的;锋利的;尖锐的;急剧的;adv.准时地;急剧地
[例句]He has a sharp mind and can always find the key points of complex problems quickly during math classes.(他头脑敏锐,在数学课上总能快速找到复杂问题的关键点。)
[写作使用建议]多义形容词,描写人物能力(“敏锐的思维”)、物品特征(“锋利的刀”)、变化趋势(“急剧的下降”)等,议论文中可形容“观点尖锐”,记叙文可刻画“聪明的人物”,搭配“sharp mind”“sharp eyes”“sharp increase/decrease”“sharp tools”,表达灵活,适用场景丰富。
43.dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]dinosaur fossil(恐龙化石),dinosaur museum(恐龙博物馆),dinosaur-themed(恐龙主题的)
[词义]恐龙
[例句]The students visited the natural history museum and were amazed by the huge dinosaur skeletons, which helped them better understand the prehistoric world.(学生们参观了自然历史博物馆,对巨大的恐龙骨架感到惊叹,这帮助他们更好地了解史前世界。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍自然科学、历史)或记叙文(描述博物馆参观、科普活动)中使用,搭配“giant dinosaurs”“dinosaur extinction”“study dinosaurs”,是科普、自然类话题的常用词汇,适合激发读者兴趣。
44.dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/
[词性]n.(复数:dolphins)
[构词延伸]dolphinarium(n.海豚馆),dolphin show(海豚表演),dolphin conservation(海豚保护)
[词义]海豚
[例句]During the school trip to the seaside, we saw a group of dolphins swimming freely in the sea, jumping out of the water from time to time to greet us.(在学校的海滨旅行中,我们看到一群海豚在海里自由游动,时不时跳出水面向我们“问好”。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述旅行、海洋观察)或说明文(介绍海洋生物、环境保护)中使用,常作为“聪明、友好的海洋生物”象征,搭配“cute dolphins”“protect dolphins”“dolphin habitat”,适合自然、环保类话题。
45.intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒ(ə)nt/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]intelligence(n.智力;智慧),intelligently(adv.聪明地),intelligent-looking(adj.看起来聪明的)
[词义]有智慧的,聪明的;智能的
[例句]The intelligent robot developed by the students can not only answer simple questions but also help teachers sort out homework papers.(学生们研发的智能机器人不仅能回答简单的问题,还能帮助老师整理作业纸。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,描写人物(“聪明的学生”)或事物(“智能设备”),议论文中可讨论“智力与努力”“人工智能”,搭配“intelligent person”“intelligent decision”“artificial intelligent(AI)”,比“smart”更具书面语色彩和正式感,适合科技、教育类话题。
46.investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]investigation(n.调查),investigator(n.调查者),investigative(adj.调查性的)
[词义]查明,调查;研究
[例句]The science group decided to investigate the cause of the water pollution in the nearby river and put forward solutions to protect the environment.(科学小组决定调查附近河流污染的原因,并提出保护环境的解决方案。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(描述科学实验、调查研究)或议论文(讨论社会问题、事件原因)中使用,搭配“investigate a problem”“investigate the cause of”“investigate into sth”,比“study”“research”更侧重“为查明真相而进行的调查”,适合科学、社会类话题。
47.various /ˈveəriəs/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]variety(n.多样性),vary(v.变化;不同),variously(adv.不同地)
[词义]各种各样的,各种不同的
[例句]The school offers various after-school activities, such as painting, dancing, programming, and volunteer work, to meet the different interests of students.(学校提供各种各样的课外活动,如绘画、舞蹈、编程和志愿工作,以满足学生们不同的兴趣爱好。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍选择、种类)或记叙文(描述丰富的场景)中常用,搭配“various kinds of”“various ways/methods”“for various reasons”,替换“different”“many”更显高级,能增强文章的丰富性和表达多样性。
48.volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]voluntary(adj.自愿的),volunteering(n.志愿活动),volunteer work(志愿工作)
[词义]n.志愿者,义务工作者,自愿参加者;v.自愿做;义务做
[例句]She volunteered to teach English to the children in the rural area during the summer vacation, bringing knowledge and joy to them.(暑假期间,她自愿去农村教孩子们英语,给他们带来了知识和欢乐。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描述志愿经历、公益活动)或议论文(讨论“志愿服务的意义”)中核心词汇,搭配“be a volunteer”“volunteer to do sth”“volunteer for sth”“volunteer work”,是公益、成长类话题的必备词汇,能传递积极向上的价值观。
49.gain /ɡeɪn/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]gainful(adj.有收益的),gainfully(adv.有收益地),gainless(adj.无收益的)
[词义]v.获得,赢得;增加;n.获得;收益;增益
[例句]Through years of hard work, he gained not only academic achievements but also valuable experience and lifelong friendships.(经过多年的努力,他不仅获得了学业上的成就,还收获了宝贵的经验和终生的友谊。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“努力与收获”)或记叙文(描述个人成长、成就)中常用,搭配“gain knowledge/experience/skills”“gain success/fame”“gain weight”,替换“get”“obtain”更具书面语色彩,适用范围广,是成长、励志类话题的核心词汇。
50.apply /əˈplaɪ/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]application(n.申请;应用),applicant(n.申请人),applicable(adj.适用的)
[词义]申请;应用;适用;涂抹
[例句]He decided to apply for a scholarship to study abroad, so he spent a lot of time preparing his application materials and improving his English.(他决定申请奖学金出国留学,因此花了很多时间准备申请材料和提高英语水平。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍申请流程)或记叙文(描述申请经历、目标规划)中常用,核心搭配“apply for sth”(申请某物)“apply sth to sth”(将某物应用于某物),是学业、职业规划类话题的必备词汇,使用频率极高。
51.schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/(美:/ˈskedʒuːl/)
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]scheduled(adj.预定的),scheduling(n.日程安排),on schedule(按时),ahead of schedule(提前)
[词义]n.计划表,进度表,日程表;v.安排;预定
[例句]To balance study and extracurricular activities, she made a detailed daily schedule that includes time for reading, doing homework, and practicing the piano.(为了平衡学习和课外活动,她制定了详细的每日日程表,包括阅读、做作业和练钢琴的时间。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍规划方法)或记叙文(描述时间管理、活动安排)中常用,搭配“make a schedule”“follow a schedule”“schedule a meeting/activity”“according to the schedule”,是时间管理、规划类话题的核心词汇,实用且正式。
52.award /əˈwɔːd/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]award-winning(adj.获奖的),award ceremony(颁奖典礼)
[词义]n.奖,奖赏;奖品;v.授予;奖励
[例句]She was awarded the “Best Student of the Year” for her excellent academic performance, active participation in social activities, and good moral character.(她因优异的学业成绩、积极参与社会活动和良好的道德品质,被授予“年度最佳学生”称号。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述获奖经历、成就)或说明文(介绍奖项、荣誉)中常用,搭配“win an award”“receive an award”“award sb sth”“award sth to sb”,区别于“prize”(侧重“竞赛获胜的奖品”),“award”更侧重“官方或正式的奖励、荣誉”,适合成就、表彰类话题。
53.opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti/
[词性]n.(复数:opportunities)
[构词延伸]opportunistic(adj.机会主义的),opportunely(adv.适时地)
[词义]机会,时机
[例句]The school’s exchange program provides students with a valuable opportunity to experience different cultures and improve their language skills.(学校的交换项目为学生们提供了一个宝贵的机会,去体验不同的文化和提高语言能力。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“把握机会”“机会与准备”)或记叙文(描述抓住机会、成长经历)中核心词汇,搭配“seize an opportunity”“take an opportunity”“miss an opportunity”“a good opportunity to do sth”,替换“chance”更具正式感和书面语色彩,是励志、规划类话题的必备词汇。
54.hint /hɪnt/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]hint at(暗示),give a hint(给出暗示)
[词义]n.有益的建议;暗示;线索;v.暗示;示意
[例句]The teacher gave us a useful hint on how to improve our writing skills—reading more English articles and keeping a diary every day.(老师给了我们一个关于如何提高写作能力的有用建议——多读英语文章,每天写日记。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述人际互动、学习场景)或说明文(提供建议、技巧)中使用,搭配“a hint about/on sth”“give sb a hint”“hint that 从句”,当表示“建议”时,比“advice”更侧重“简短、间接的提示”,适合细节描写和实用类写作。
55.subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]subscription(n.订阅;会员费),subscriber(n.订阅者),subscribe to(订阅;同意)
[词义]订阅(报纸或杂志);同意;捐助
[例句]To improve his reading comprehension, he subscribes to several English magazines, such as “Time for Kids” and “English Learning”.(为了提高阅读理解能力,他订阅了几本英语杂志,如《儿童时代》和《英语学习》。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍学习方法、信息获取方式)或记叙文(描述个人学习习惯)中使用,搭配“subscribe to a magazine/newspaper/channel”“subscribe to an idea/opinion”,是学习、信息类话题的常用词汇,符合现代生活和学习场景。
56.view /vjuː/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]viewer(n.观众;观察者),viewpoint(n.观点),overview(n.概述),in view of(鉴于)
[词义]n.(一次)观看;观点;景色;v.看待;考虑;观看
[例句]From the top of the mountain, we had a wonderful view of the city, with green trees, clear rivers, and tall buildings stretching as far as the eye could see.(从山顶上,我们看到了城市的美丽景色,绿树、清澈的河流和高楼大厦一望无际。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,记叙文(描述风景、观看经历)或议论文(表达观点)中常用,搭配“have a view of”“in one’s view”“view sth as”“different views on sth”,表达“观点”时可替换“opinion”“idea”,表达“景色”时可替换“scenery”,适用场景丰富,表达灵活。
57.former /ˈfɔːmə/
[词性]adj./ n.
[构词延伸]formerly(adv.从前),the former...the latter...(前者……后者……)
[词义]adj.从前的;前任的;n.前者
[例句]Her former teacher, who retired last year, still keeps in touch with her and encourages her to pursue her dream of becoming a writer.(她从前的老师去年退休了,但仍然和她保持联系,鼓励她追求成为作家的梦想。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述人物关系、过往经历)或说明文(对比事物、介绍背景)中使用,搭配“former classmates/teachers/students”“the former”(与“the latter”搭配),比“past”更具正式感,适合书面语中区分“过去与现在”,增强表达的准确性。
58.graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/
[词性]v./ n.(adj.为“graduate”,表“研究生的”)
[构词延伸]graduation(n.毕业),graduate student(研究生),graduation ceremony(毕业典礼)
[词义]v.毕业;n.毕业生
[例句]After graduating from high school, he plans to study computer science in university and become a software engineer in the future.(高中毕业后,他计划在大学里学习计算机科学,将来成为一名软件工程师。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描述毕业经历、未来规划)或说明文(介绍学业路径)中核心词汇,搭配“graduate from + 学校”“graduate in + 专业”“a college/high school graduate”,是学业、规划类话题的必备词汇,使用频率极高。
59.orientation /ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]orient(v.使适应;定位),oriented(adj.以……为导向的),orientation program(迎新活动;培训项目)
[词义](新工作或学习课程开始前一段时间的)培训,迎新;方向;定位
[例句]The school’s orientation program for new students includes campus tours, course introductions, and meetings with teachers and senior classmates.(学校为新生举办的迎新活动包括校园参观、课程介绍以及与老师和高年级同学的见面会。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍学校、公司培训)或记叙文(描述新生入学、新工作适应)中使用,搭配“orientation day”“orientation program”“employee orientation”,是校园、职场类话题的常用词汇,符合高中阶段“新生适应”的场景需求。
60.Orientation Day 迎新日
[词性]n.短语(专有名词,首字母大写)
[构词延伸]核心由“orientation(迎新)”+“Day(日)”构成,对应“orientation program(迎新活动)”
[词义]迎新日(学校为新生举办的专门活动日)
[例句]On Orientation Day, new students received their student IDs, met their roommates, and learned about the school’s rules and regulations.(迎新日当天,新生们领取了学生证,见到了室友,并了解了学校的规章制度。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述新生入学经历)或说明文(介绍学校活动)中使用,是高中校园生活类话题的核心短语,特指“新生入学第一天的迎新活动”,比“welcome day”更正式、地道,适合描写校园场景。
61.frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]frighten(v.使害怕),frightening(adj.令人害怕的),fright(n.恐惧)
[词义]受惊的,害怕的
[例句]The little girl was frightened by the thunderstorm and hid under the bed until her mother came to comfort her.(小女孩被雷暴吓坏了,躲在床底下,直到妈妈来安慰她。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写人物心理、情感的核心词汇,用于刻画“受到惊吓后的状态”,搭配“be frightened of sth”“be frightened by sth”“be frightened to do sth”,区别于“afraid”(侧重“习惯性的害怕”),“frightened”更侧重“因突发情况而受惊”,适合紧张、惊险场景的描写。
62.sight /saɪt/
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]sightseeing(n.观光;游览),sightsee(v.观光),sighted(adj.有视力的),at first sight(第一眼)
[词义]n.看到,看见;视力;景色;v.看见;发现
[例句]At the sight of her favorite singer walking onto the stage, the audience screamed with excitement and waved their light sticks.(看到自己最喜欢的歌手走上舞台,观众们兴奋地尖叫起来,挥舞着荧光棒。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写场景、情感的常用词汇,搭配“at the sight of”“catch sight of”“lose one’s sight”“the sight of sth”,当表示“看到”时,比“see”更具书面语色彩和情感张力,适合刻画“突然看到某物时的反应”,增强文章的画面感。
63.figure /ˈfɪɡə/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]figure out(弄明白;解决),figure in(考虑在内),figure skating(花样滑冰)
[词义]v.认为,以为;计算;n.数字;人物;身材;图形
[例句]He figured that if he started preparing for the exam early, he would have enough time to review all the knowledge points.(他认为如果早点开始准备考试,他就会有足够的时间复习所有的知识点。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,议论文(表达观点、引用数据)或记叙文(描述人物、解决问题)中常用,搭配“figure that 从句”“figure out a problem”“a famous figure”“key figures”,当表示“认为”时,比“think”更具正式感,适合书面语;“figure out”是高频短语,适合描写“解决问题的过程”。
64.go all out 全力以赴,竭尽全力
[词性]v.短语
[构词延伸]同义短语“try one’s best”“do one’s utmost”,“go all out”更侧重“投入全部精力”
[词义]全力以赴,竭尽全力
[例句]In order to win the national robot competition, the team went all out, working day and night to improve their design and practice operating skills.(为了赢得全国机器人比赛,这支队伍全力以赴,日夜工作以改进设计和练习操作技能。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述挑战、竞争经历)或议论文(论证“努力的重要性”)中常用,比“try one’s best”更具感染力和力度,适合励志类、竞争类话题,增强文章的情感色彩和表现力。
65.select /səˈlekt/
[词性]v./ adj.
[构词延伸]selection(n.选择;挑选),selective(adj.选择性的),selected(adj.精选的)
[词义]v.挑选,选择;adj.精选的;优等的
[例句]The school will select 20 students to participate in the international youth exchange program based on their academic performance and English proficiency.(学校将根据学业成绩和英语水平挑选20名学生参加国际青年交换项目。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍选择流程、标准)或记叙文(描述挑选经历、决策过程)中常用,搭配“select sb/sth for sth”“select from”“a select group of”,比“choose”更具正式感和“精心挑选”的意味,适合书面语中强调“选择的严谨性”。
66.particular /pəˈtɪkjʊlə/
[词性]adj./ n.
[构词延伸]particularly(adv.尤其;特别),particularity(n.特殊性),in particular(尤其,特别)
[词义]adj.特定的,特指的;挑剔的;详细的;n.细节;详情
[例句]She has a particular interest in ancient poetry and spends every weekend reading and reciting poems by Li Bai and Du Fu.(她对古诗有特别的兴趣,每个周末都花时间阅读和背诵李白、杜甫的诗歌。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,说明文(强调特定对象、细节)或记叙文(描述人物性格、兴趣)中常用,搭配“a particular + 名词”“be particular about sth”“in particular”,“in particular”是高频短语,用于强调某一事物,比“especially”更具书面语色彩,适合增强表达的针对性。
67.in particular 尤其,特别
[词性]adv.短语
[构词延伸]同义短语“especially”“particularly”,“in particular”可置于句首、句中或句末
[词义]尤其,特别
[例句]He likes all kinds of sports, in particular basketball, which he has been playing since he was a child.(他喜欢各种运动,尤其是篮球,他从小就开始打了。)
[写作使用建议]议论文、记叙文、说明文通用,用于强调某个重点对象或观点,比“especially”更正式,适合书面语中突出核心内容,增强文章的逻辑性和表达力度,可灵活置于句中或句末。
68.rainbow /ˈreɪnbəʊ/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]rainbow-colored(adj.彩虹色的),rainbow bridge(彩虹桥),a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow(虚幻的希望)
[词义]彩虹
[例句]After the heavy rain, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky, with seven bright colors spanning from one end of the horizon to the other.(大雨过后,天空中出现了一道美丽的彩虹,七种鲜艳的颜色从地平线的一端延伸到另一端。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述自然场景、童年回忆)或散文中使用,常作为“希望、美好”的象征,搭配“a bright/beautiful rainbow”“see a rainbow”,也可用于比喻“经历困难后的美好结果”,适合情感类、自然类话题,增强文章的文学性。
69.neat /niːt/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]neatly(adv.整洁地),neatness(n.整洁),neat-looking(adj.看起来整洁的)
[词义]好的,令人愉快的;整洁的;灵巧的
[例句]She has a neat handwriting that is easy to read, and her homework is always well-organized and free of mistakes.(她的字迹工整易读,作业总是条理清晰、没有错误。)
[写作使用建议]描写人物习惯、物品特征、场景状态的常用词汇,搭配“neat and tidy”“a neat idea”“neat work”,口语和书面语通用,可用于形容“整洁的环境”“灵巧的做法”“令人满意的结果”,适用场景丰富,表达简洁自然。
70.specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/
[词性]adj./ n.(复数:specifics)
[构词延伸]specifically(adv.具体地;专门地),specificity(n.特异性)
[词义]adj.具体的,特定的;明确的;n.细节;详情
[例句]The teacher asked us to give specific examples to support our arguments in the essay, instead of using vague and general statements.(老师要求我们在作文中给出具体的例子来支持论点,而不是使用模糊笼统的表述。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(论证观点、要求具体)或说明文(介绍方法、细节)中核心词汇,搭配“specific examples/details/requirements”“be specific about sth”,比“particular”更侧重“明确、不模糊”,是写作中“增强说服力”的关键词汇,适合理性思辨类、实用类话题。
71.refer /rɪˈfɜː/
[词性]v.(过去式/过去分词:referred;现在分词:referring)
[构词延伸]reference(n.参考;提及),referral(n.推荐;转诊),refer to(提到,谈到;参考;涉及)
[词义]提到,谈到;参考;涉及;提交
[例句]When writing the paper, you can refer to academic books and journal articles to ensure the accuracy of your information.(写论文时,你可以参考学术书籍和期刊文章,以确保信息的准确性。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍写作、研究方法)或议论文(引用观点、提及事物)中常用,核心短语“refer to”是写作必备,搭配“refer to a dictionary/book/article”“refer to sb/sth as”,是学术写作、信息引用类场景的核心词汇,使用频率极高。
72.refer to 提到,谈到;参考;涉及
[词性]v.短语
[构词延伸]由“refer(v.提及;参考)”+“to(介词)”构成,多义短语,需结合语境判断含义
[词义]提到,谈到;参考;涉及
[例句]In his speech, the principal referred to the importance of teamwork and encouraged students to support each other in study and life.(校长在演讲中提到了团队合作的重要性,并鼓励学生们在学习和生活中互相支持。)
[写作使用建议]写作中最常用的短语之一,议论文、记叙文、说明文通用,可用于“引用资料”“提及某人/某事”“涉及某个话题”,搭配灵活,是连接上下文、增强文章逻辑性的关键短语,必须重点掌握。
73.journal /ˈdʒɜːnl/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]journalist(n.记者),journalism(n.新闻业),journal entry(日记条目),academic journal(学术期刊)
[词义]日记,日志;期刊;杂志
[例句]She keeps a daily journal in English to record her thoughts, experiences, and the new words she has learned.(她每天用英语写日记,记录自己的想法、经历和学到的新单词。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描述学习习惯、生活记录)或说明文(介绍阅读、研究资源)中常用,搭配“keep a journal”“academic journal”“science journal”,区别于“diary”(侧重“个人隐私的日记”),“journal”更侧重“有目的的记录、学习或学术性刊物”,适合学习、学术类话题。
74.junior /ˈdʒuːniə/
[词性]adj./ n.
[构词延伸]junior high school(初中),junior student(低年级学生;初中生),senior(反义词,adj.高级的;n.高年级学生)
[词义]adj.低年级的;年少的;资历较浅的;n.低年级学生;晚辈;年少者
[例句]As a senior, he often helps junior students with their homework and shares his study experience with them.(作为高年级学生,他经常帮助低年级学生做作业,并与他们分享自己的学习经验。)
[写作使用建议]描写校园角色、年龄或资历层级的核心词汇,搭配“junior high”“junior students”“junior colleague”,与“senior”对应使用,可增强文章的逻辑对比,是校园生活、职场类话题的常用词汇。
75.struggle /ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]struggling(adj.挣扎的;努力的),struggle against(与……作斗争),struggle for(为……而奋斗)
[词义]v.奋斗,拼搏;挣扎;n.奋斗;挣扎;困难
[例句]She struggled with math at first, but by doing extra exercises and asking the teacher for help, she finally improved her grades significantly.(起初她在数学上很吃力,但通过做额外的练习和向老师求助,她最终显著提高了成绩。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描述成长经历、克服困难)或议论文(讨论“奋斗与成功”)中核心词汇,搭配“struggle with sth”“struggle to do sth”“struggle for success/freedom”,是励志类、成长类话题的必备词汇,能生动展现“克服困难的过程”,增强文章的感染力。
76.memorise /ˈmeməraɪz/(美:memorize)
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]memory(n.记忆;记忆力),memorable(adj.难忘的),memorization(n.记忆;背诵)
[词义]记住,熟记;背诵
[例句]To prepare for the English exam, she spent half an hour every morning memorising new words and important sentences from the textbook.(为了准备英语考试,她每天早上花半小时背诵课本中的新单词和重要句子。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍学习方法、记忆技巧)或记叙文(描述学习经历、备考过程)中使用,搭配“memorise words/phrases/sentences”“memorise sth by heart”,是语言学习类话题的核心词汇,适合描写“主动记忆的过程”。
77.skateboarding /ˈskeɪtbɔːdɪŋ/
[词性]n./ v.(现在分词形式,作名词时表“滑板运动”)
[构词延伸]skateboard(n.滑板;v.玩滑板),skateboarder(n.滑板爱好者),skateboarding park(滑板公园)
[词义]滑板运动
[例句]He is crazy about skateboarding and practices every weekend in the city’s skateboarding park, mastering difficult tricks like ollies and kickflips.(他痴迷于滑板运动,每个周末都在城市滑板公园练习,掌握了豚跳、尖翻等难度动作。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描述兴趣爱好、运动经历)中使用,常用于“介绍个人特长”“描写课外活动”等场景,搭配“go skateboarding”“practice skateboarding”“love skateboarding”,是体育、兴趣类话题的常用词汇,符合青少年生活场景。
78.forward /ˈfɔːwəd/
[词性]adv./ adj./ v./ n.
[构词延伸]forward-looking(adj.有远见的),forwardly(adv.向前地;冒失地),look forward to(期待),put forward(提出)
[词义]adv.向前;将来;adj.向前的;未来的;v.发送;提出;n.前锋
[例句]She looked forward to the summer vacation, planning to travel with her family and volunteer at a local animal shelter.(她期待着暑假,计划和家人一起旅行,并在当地的动物收容所做志愿者。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,记叙文(描述动作、期待情绪)或议论文(提出观点、展望未来)中常用,核心短语“look forward to”“put forward”是写作必备,搭配“move forward”“forward plans”“a forward pass”,适用场景极广,表达灵活,是高频核心词汇。
79.look forward to (兴奋地)期待,盼望
[词性]v.短语(to为介词,后接名词/动名词)
[构词延伸]核心由“look(看)”+“forward(向前)”+“to(朝向)”构成,表“向未来望去”,即“期待”
[词义](兴奋地)期待,盼望
[例句]All the students are looking forward to the school art festival, where they can show their talents in singing, dancing, and painting.(所有学生都期待着学校艺术节,在那里他们可以展示自己在唱歌、跳舞和绘画方面的才华。)
[写作使用建议]写作中最高频的短语之一,记叙文、议论文、书信等文体通用,后接名词或动名词(如“look forward to doing sth”),比“expect”更具情感色彩,适合表达“积极的期待”,是书信结尾、个人规划类写作的必备短语。
80.committee /kəˈmɪti/
[词性]n.(集合名词,单复数同形)
[构词延伸]committee member(委员会成员),organizing committee(组委会),student committee(学生会)
[词义]委员会
[例句]The school student committee held a meeting to discuss how to improve the campus environment and organize more interesting after-school activities.(学校学生会召开会议,讨论如何改善校园环境并组织更多有趣的课外活动。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍组织、活动策划)或记叙文(描述校园活动、团队工作)中使用,搭配“form a committee”“join the committee”“the committee decides that...”,是校园、组织类话题的常用81.improve /ɪmˈpruːv/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]improvement(n.改善;进步),improved(adj.改进的),improving(adj.不断改进的)
[词义]改善,改进;提高;变得更好
[例句]By practicing speaking English with his classmates every day, he has greatly improved his oral English and can now communicate fluently with foreign teachers.(通过每天和同学练习英语口语,他的口语有了很大提高,现在能和外教流利交流。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“进步与成长”“方法与效果”)或记叙文(描述学习、能力提升经历)中核心词汇,搭配“improve sth”“improve in sth”“improve one’s skills/performance”,是学习、成长、励志类话题的必备词汇,适用范围极广。
82.rate /reɪt/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]rating(n.评级;评分),rateable(adj.可评估的),rate sb/sth highly(高度评价)
[词义]v.对……作评估,评价;认为;n.比率;速度;等级
[例句]Teachers usually rate students’ performance based on their class participation, homework quality, and exam results.(老师通常根据学生的课堂参与度、作业质量和考试成绩来评价他们的表现。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍评估标准、数据统计)或议论文(讨论“评价体系”)中使用,搭配“rate sb/sth + 形容词”“at a high/low rate”“success rate”,当表示“评价”时,比“evaluate”更简洁,适合书面语和口语,是数据、评估类话题的常用词汇。
83.performance /pəˈfɔːməns/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]perform(v.表演;执行),performer(n.表演者;执行者),performative(adj.施为的)
[词义](工作或活动中的)表现;表演;执行
[例句]Her outstanding performance in the school play not only won her praise from the audience but also made her more confident in public speaking.(她在校园剧中的出色表现不仅赢得了观众的赞誉,也让她在公开演讲中更加自信。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描述表演、学习、工作场景)或议论文(讨论“表现与评价”“努力与成果”)中核心词汇,搭配“excellent/good/poor performance”“academic performance”“stage performance”,是校园生活、成就类话题的必备词汇,使用频率极高。
84.exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]exchangeable(adj.可交换的),exchange student(交换生),exchange program(交换项目),in exchange for(作为……的交换)
[词义]v.意见、信息等交流;交换;兑换;n.交流;交换;兑换
[例句]During the group discussion, students exchanged ideas on how to protect the environment, sharing practical methods like saving water and reducing plastic use.(在小组讨论中,学生们就如何保护环境交流了想法,分享了节约用水、减少塑料使用等实用方法。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论“文化交流”“意见沟通”)或记叙文(描述交换经历、讨论场景)中核心词汇,搭配“exchange ideas/information”“exchange sth with sb”“cultural exchange”“student exchange”,是交流、合作类话题的必备词汇,适用场景丰富。
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