Unit 5 基础知识点复习讲义 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过模块式划分系统构建知识体系，将Welcome to the unit、Reading等六大模块的核心词汇、句型及语法点整合，用对比表格梳理human单复数用法、the same as/that区别等词汇辨析，以用法框架图呈现动词不定式作宾语、状语等语法功能，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“任务驱动式”练习设计，如“代表野生动物写信”任务融合语言表达与思维品质培养，动词不定式分层练习（基础搭配到复杂结构）提升学习能力。每个知识点附易错提醒（如among接复数名词），基础生可掌握用法，优秀生能深化运用，助力教师实施精准分层教学。

译林版(2024) 八年级基础知识点复习 Unit 5 Wild animals 1. Humans and animals are family under the same sky. 人类和动物是同一片天空下的一家人。 单数形式human指“单个人”,复数humans泛指“人类”,常与other、all等搭配,“all humans(所有人类) adj人的;人类的 human society(人类社会)、human nature(人性) the same + 名词 + as... 相同的… the same as 指“与……相似的事物”, the same that 指“同一个事物” 如“This is the same pen as I lost.(相似的笔)”“This is the same pen that I lost.(同一支笔)” all the same尽管如此,仍然 the same to you你也一样,用于回应祝福 2.read about protecting pandas 阅读有关保护大熊猫的资料 protect + 人/物 (+ from/against)保护某人/物(免受何种威胁) protect sth for sb 为某人保护某物 protection n. 保护,防护 protector n.保护者 environmental protection 环境保护 3.learn about efforts to protect wild animals 了解人们为保护野生动物所做的努力 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事,an可替换为great、every等 如“make every effort to finish the task”(竭尽全力完成任务) spare no effort to do sth.“不遗余力做某事”,强调全力以赴 effort n. 努力、尽力(不可数) effortless 不费力的 with effort 费力地 4. better understand the relationship between animals and humans更好地理解动物和人类之间的关系 relationship between A and B(A 与 B 之间的关系) 固定用法,不可用 “among”(among 用于三者及以上 “相互之间”,但 relationship 后仍常用 between) 5.The Wild Animals Club is inviting students to write a letter to humans on behalf of a wild animal. 野生动物俱乐部正在邀请学生们代表一种野生动物,给人类写一封信。 in the wild 在野外 go wild 变得狂热、兴奋不已 invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invitation n. 邀请;请帖 on behalf of ... 代表/替...... Welcome to the unit 1.What's your favourite wild animal,Kitty?你最喜欢的野生动物是什么,基蒂? What’s your favourite + 名词?(你最喜欢的…… 是什么?) My favourite + 名词 + is… / I like… best. 2.They’re among the smartest animals on earth. 它们是地球上最聪明的动物之一。 among prep. 在……之中(三者或三者以上),常搭配 “among + 复数名词”,是最高级的标志词 among 后接复数可数名词或不可数集合名词 on earth 在地球上; 究竟,到底(用于加强语气) 3.They're the king of the animal world. 他们是动物世界的王。 king n. 大王; 国王 the king of … ……的王者 the king of the forest森林之王 4.They often work as a group. I like their team spirit. 他们经常作为一个团队工作。我喜欢他们的团队精神。 work as a group团队合作 team spirit团队精神 in high spirits兴高采烈 Reading 1.Xiwang in safe hands 希望安然无恙 in safe hands在可靠的人手里;得到妥善照料 2. Tiny, pink and quiet, with eyes closed ... 小巧、粉嫩且安静,双眼紧闭着…… tiny adj. 极小的 tinier(比较级) tiniest(最高级) with+…+形容词/介词短语;表示伴随的状态 3.Her birth brought much happiness to us. 她的到来给我们带来了无尽的欢乐。 birth n. 出生 at birth出生时 date of birth出生日期 be born出生 born adj. 天生的 4.We named her Xiwang because it means "hope". 我们给她取名叫希望,因为这个名字寓意着 “希望”。 name sb. ... 给某人取名为……(直接指定名字) name sb. after ... 以……命名某人(强调取名的来源) mean v. 意思是,意味着 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 meaning n. 意义 meaningful adj. 有意义的;重要的 meaningless adj. 毫无意义的;不重要的 5.In the beginning, Xiwang couldn’t see, hear or even move. 起初,希望既看不见、听不见,甚至都不能动。 in the beginning = at first = at the start一开始 at the beginning of… 在…的开始 at the end of… 在…的末尾 in the end=at last=finally 最后 6.We gave her round-the-clock care. 我们全天候地照料她。 give sb. care 给某人提供照顾= take care of sb. care about sb./sth. 在意某人/某事的状况、感受或重要性 care for sb. 照顾、照料某人 7.At six months old, she began to eat bamboo. 在六个月大时,她开始吃竹子 at 接具体钟点、正午/午夜、无Day的节日、年龄、固定短语(at weekends 等) in 接年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上、一段时间 on 接具体日期、星期、节日、带修饰词的上午/下午/晚上、有Day的节日 8.Half a year later, she weighed over 35 kilograms. 半年后,她的体重超过了 35 公斤。 weight n. 重量 put on/gain weight 增加体重 9.There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang grow into a big ball of fur. 没有什么比看着希望长成一团毛茸茸的大球更令人满足的了。 satisfy (v.) 满足,使...满意 satisfy one’s need 满足某人的需要 satisfied (adj.)满意的,满足的 be satisfied/happy/pleased with对…感到满意的 satisfying (adj.)令人满意的,令人满足的 10.However, giant pandas in the wild face serious problems. 然而,野生的大熊猫面临着严峻的问题。 in the wild在野外 wild animals野生动物 serious (adj.) 严重的;严肃的;认真的 serious - more serious - most serious seriously (adv.) 严重地;严肃地;认真地 be serious about…态度上对某事认真 11.Even if baby pandas are born, they may easily get sick and die. 即使熊猫宝宝出生了,它们也可能很容易生病并死亡。 even if = even though(当从句是假设时可互换,但 even though 更侧重事实) Even though it rains tomorrow, we’ll go.(语法正确,但不如 even if 强调假设性) even if = no matter if(更口语化,表 “无论是否”) No matter if it’s expensive, I’ll buy it. = Even if it’s expensive, I’ll buy it.(就算贵,我也要买。) 12.As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 因此,熊猫可能没有地方居住,也没有足够的食物。 as a result因此,结果,引出事情的结果 as a result of因为,由于,引出事情的原因 13.Luckily, the government has taken action. 幸运的是,政府已经采取了行动。 action (n.)行动;行为 take action to do sth 采取行动做某事 act(v.)行动;表演 act to do sth 采取行动做某事 active (adj.)积极的,活跃的;主动的more active inactive(adj.) 不积极的 actively(adv.) 积极地 activity (n.)活动 actor (n.)男演员 actress女演员 14.There are laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. 有法律保护大熊猫,还有更多的自然保护区供它们生活。 There is sth to do 有某事要做 Thers is sb doing sth. 有人正在做某事 15.Thanks to all the efforts, the number of giant pandas is increasing. 多亏了各方的努力,大熊猫的数量正在增加。 Thanks to... 幸亏,由于,因为 Thanks for... 感谢… increase (v.) 增长,增加 lift (v.)举起,抬高;提高 raise sth 及物动词; 举起,提起(某物) sth rise 不及物动词;(某物)上升,升起 reduce (v.) 减少 drop (v.)下降,落下 effort (n.)努力;一次次的努力、尝试(可数) 泛指“努力”这个抽象概念(不可数名词) make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 with much effort 费力地without effort 轻松地 put one’s effort into sth/doing sth投入精力于… 16.We believe things will get better and better, for where there is Xiwang, there is hope. 我们相信事情会变得越来越好,因为有希望的地方就有希望。 believe sb./sth.(相信) believe in sb./sth.(信任 / 信奉) believe (that) 从句(认为); Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 Grammar 1. 当句子中已经有谓语动词,而我们又要表达不止一个动作概念时,其余的动词可以使用非谓语形式。 动词不定式(to do) 是动词的一种非谓语形式。 否定形式not to do 动词不定式可以在句中充当多种成分,如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。 动词不定式做宾语,常见的有: afford to do sth负担得起; agree to do sth同意 choose to do sth选择; decide to do sth决定 fail to do sth失败; forget to do sth忘记 hope to do sth希望; learn to do sth学习 like to do sth喜欢; manage to do sth设法 plan to do sth计划; prepare to do sth准备 promise to do sth答应; refuse to do sth拒绝 remember to do sth记住; seem to do sth似乎 start/begin to do sth开始; try to do sth尝试 want to do sth想要; wish to do sth希望 would like to do sth想要; 2. 动词不定式做目的状语 我们可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的。to do sth=in order to do sth为了… 3.动词不定式做宾语补足语 我们可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况,此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。 常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 ask/tell/get sb to do sth 让某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 need sb to do sth需要某人做某事 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事 would like sb to do sth warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事 wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: ①感官动词 hear; see; watch; notice see/watch/ notice/hear sb. do sth. 看见、听见某人做了或常做某事 see/watch/ notice/hear sb. doing sth. (区分) 看见、听见某人正在做某事 ②使役动词 let, make, have let/make/have sb do sth让某人做某事 ③help后面的动词不定式可带to, 也可不带to help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 4.The Class 1, Grade 8 students went on a school trip to Beijing Zoo yesterday. 八年级一班的学生们昨天参加了一场去北京动物园的学校郊游。 go on/take a trip to sp. = go on/take a tour of sp. = travel to sp. 去某地旅行/游览 5.When we arrived at the zoo, the pandas started to come out of their home. 当我们到达动物园时,熊猫们开始走出它们的家。 arrive 不及物动词, 接地点时必须搭配介词: 接大地点(国家、城市)用in, 接小地点(车站、学校)用at; reach 及物动词,直接接地点名词(不接介词); get to 动词短语,接具体地点名词,若地点是副词(如 home/there/here),需去掉 to 6.After that, he tried to exercise. 在那之后,他努力锻炼身体。 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 exercise vi. 锻炼 un. 运动 cn. 练习题(常用复数) 7.Once in a while, she managed to climb up the tree, but she often failed to get down. 偶尔,她能成功爬上树,但常常下不来。 manage vt. &vi. 完成(困难的事);管理;合理安排 manager n. 经理 manage to do sth.设法做成某事 fail to do sth. 未能做成某事 8.We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. 我们准备了各种各样的食物,为了让她拥有健康的饮食。 prepare v. 准备 prepare sth. (for ...) (为......)准备某物 = get sth ready for ... prepare for sth. 为某事做准备 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 give sb. a healthy diet 让某人拥有健康的饮食 9.We also plan to give her a special cake and some gifts to celebrate her birthday. 我们还计划送她一个特别的蛋糕和一些礼物,来庆祝她的生日。 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 make a plan for ... 为......做计划 celebrate vt. 庆祝 celebration n. 庆祝活动 10.I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. 我看到一只幼狮待在妈妈身边寻求保护。 see sb. do sth. 看全过程/经常性动作 see sb. doing sth. 看正在进行的瞬间 11.How lovely! 多可爱啊! What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! 12.Mr Wu tells us to wear a pair of comfortable shoes. 吴先生告诉我们穿双舒适的鞋子。 tell 告知、吩咐、讲述(带 “传递信息” 的意味) tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. to do sth. 吩咐某人做某事 tell a story/joke 讲故事/笑话 say 说的具体内容(后面必须接说话的内容) say sth. to sb. 对某人说某事 say + 直接引语(说的话) speak 说某种语言;发言、开口说(不强调具体内容) speak + 语言 speak to sb. 和某人说话 Word power 1. Many wild animals are now in danger because of hunting. 由于狩猎,许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。 In danger 处于危险当中 Because of+名词短语 Because+句子 2. We should not hurt them for any reason.我们不能以任何理由伤害他们。 reason (n.) 理由,原因 the reason for… …的原因 the reason why… …的原因 3. We hope you can accept our invitation to protect them. 我们希望你能接受我们的邀请来保护他们。 hope to do hope +(that)…. Accept 强调主观上接受 Receive强调被动接收 Integration 1. This makes it more difficult for us to survive.这让我们更难生存。 Make+宾语+宾语补足语 find/think/make it +adj + for sb +to do sth发现/认为/使得做…对于…来说是…样的 2. In the past, humans hunted us, and there were very few of us left. 在过去,人类捕猎我们,我们的数量所剩无几。 left (adj.)剩下的,留下的 have…left=there’s… left有…剩下 3. Now it is against the law to hunt us, but we are still at risk. 如今捕猎我们是违法的,但我们仍面临威胁。 risk doing sth 冒险做某事 at the risk of doing... 冒做某事的风险 4. We often get hurt by big ships. 我们经常被大轮船弄伤。 hurt (vt.)使受伤,伤害; hurt sb伤害某人 (vi.)疼; my head hurts头疼 (adj.)受伤的; be badly hurt 伤得严重 5. They make laws to stop people from hunting them for their horns.他们制定法律阻止人们猎取犀牛角。 stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事 prevent sb (from) doing sth keep sb from doing sth 6. Air pollution and water pollution make it difficult for animals to live healthy lives. 空气污染和水污染使动物难以健康地生活。 pollute污染(vt.) polluted被污染的(adj.) pollution 污染;污染物(n.) water/air/noise pollution水/空气/噪音污染 7. As a result, certain wild animals may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 因此,某些野生动物可能没有地方居住或没有足够的食物吃。 certain (adj.) 某种,某些 (adj.)确定,肯定 be certain of… certainly (adv.) 确定,肯定 8. Moreover, human activities are warming the earth, and serious weather events may happen more often.此外人类活动正在使地球变暖,严重的天气事件可能会更频繁地发生。 warmth n.温暖 happen to do 碰巧做某事 happen/take place 举办(无被动) 9. Some wild animals may face problems of finding a place to live and enough food to eat. 一些野生动物可能面临找地方居住和找足够的食物吃的问题。 have problems doing sth 走某事有困难 10. The governments of India and Nepal made laws to protect us. 印度和尼泊尔政府制定了法律来保护我们。 make laws to do sth 制定法律做某事 Further study 1. Have you ever wondered what it is like to live in Antarctica? 你有没有想过生活在南极洲是什么样子? natural wonders(自然奇观) in wonder(惊奇地)、with wonder(惊奇地)、fill sb. with wonder(让某人惊叹不已) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $