Unit 6 Seasons Grammar- Further study 基础知识点复习讲义(二)-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册
译林版(2024) 八年级基础知识点复习(二)
Unit 6 Seasons Grammar- Further study
简单句的五种基本句型(Ⅰ)
教材原句
① Birds fly far away
鸟儿飞向远方
② I watch the beautiful butterflies there. 我在那里观察美丽的蝴蝶。
③...but the land is quiet and beautiful.
…… 但是这片土地宁静且美丽。
1. 主语 + 谓语(S+V)
此句型中的动词大多是不及物动词。
- Li Ming studies very hard. 李明学习很努力。
- That bird disappeared soon. 那只鸟不久就消失了。
2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语(S+V+O)
这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。
- I like this boy very much. 我非常喜欢这个男孩。
3. 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语(S+V+P)
本句型主要用来表明主语的特点、身份等。其中连系动词一般可分为下列两类:
① 表示状态。这样的词有:be、look、seem、smell、taste、sound、keep 等。
- He looked worried just now. 刚才他看上去很焦虑。
② 表示变化。这类连系动词有:become、turn、get、grow、go 等。
- The tree has grown much taller than before. 这棵树比以前长得高多了。
系动词类别 | 具体词汇 | 核心用法 | 典型例句(贴合季节主题) |
状态系动词 | be | 表主语的身份、性质、状态,后接名词、形容词、介词短语等作表语 | The weather is warm and wet in spring.(春天天气温暖潮湿) |
| keep | 表主语持续某种状态,后多接形容词 | We should keep ourselves cool in summer.(夏天我们要保持凉爽) |
| stay | 强调维持原有状态不变,后接形容词 | The temperature stays low in early winter.(初冬气温持续偏低) |
| remain | 语气较正式,表状态无变化,后接形容词或名词 | The lake remains frozen until March.(湖面直到三月才解冻) |
感官系动词 | look | 表 “看起来”,后接形容词作表语 | The snow-covered mountains look amazing in winter. (冬日雪山看起来美极了) |
| sound | 表 “听起来”,后接形容词作表语 | The wind sounds terrible on cold winter nights.(寒冬夜晚的风声听起来很吓人) |
| smell | 表 “闻起来”,后接形容词作表语 | The osmanthus flowers smell sweet in |
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| autumn.(秋天的桂花闻起来很香) |
| taste | 表 “尝起来”,后接形容词作表语 | The sweet rice cakes taste delicious in winter.(冬日的甜年糕尝起来很美味) |
| feel | 表 “摸起来 / 感觉”,后接形容词作表语 | The wool scarf feels soft and warm.(羊毛围巾摸起来柔软又暖和) |
变化系动词 | turn | 表自然、突然的变化,接颜色类形容词时不加冠词 | The maple leaves turn red in late autumn.(深秋枫叶变红) |
| get | 表逐渐变化,可接形容词或比较级 | It gets dark earlier in winter than in summer.(冬天比夏天天黑得更早) |
| become | 表状态、身份的实质性变化,后可接形容词或名词 | The days become shorter as winter approaches.(随着冬天临近,白天变得更短) |
| grow | 表缓慢、渐进的变化,侧重 “逐渐变得” | The little trees we planted grow tall in spring every year.(我们种的小树每年春天都长得很高) |
| go | 多表由好变坏的变化,后常接负面意义的形容词 | The vegetables go bad easily in hot summer without a fridge.(夏天没冰箱,蔬菜很容易变质) |
表象系动词 | seem | 表 “似乎、好像”,可接形容词、名词或不定式 | It seems cool in the morning, but it will be hot at noon in summer.(夏天早上似乎凉爽,但中午会变热) |
| appear | 表 “看起来、显得”,侧重从表面印象判断,可接形容词或不定式 | The sun appears weak on cloudy spring days.(春日阴天时,太阳显得很微弱) |
- Farmers harvest crops all day.农民们整天收割庄稼。
all day:表泛指 “一整天”,无具体限定,如本句;
all the day:表特指 “某一整天”,需有具体语境,如It rained all the day yesterday.昨天整天下雨
- The wind is blowing hard/ strongly.风刮得很大。
a strong wind 一阵大风
heavy/thick fog大雾heavy rain/ snow大雨/雪
= rain/snow heavily
hard 与 hardly 的易错辨析
hard:作副词时 猛烈地;努力地,如 work hard努力工作blow hard刮得猛
hardly:副词,几乎不,表否定含义,如 I can hardly see the road in the fog.大雾里我几乎看不清路
- The snow is falling on the ground.雪落在地上。
fall down 摔倒;倒塌
fall off 从…… 掉落
fall asleep 入睡
- The sun shines. 太阳照耀着。
shine (vi.)发光;照耀
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shining (adj.)发光的, 反光的
shiny (adj.)光亮的;
sunshine (n.) 阳光
Word power
- 名词+y,构成形容词
cloud-cloudy多云的; wind- windy多云的;
rain- rainy多雨的; snow- snowy多雪的;
sun- sunny晴朗的; fog-foggy有雾的;
ice- icy结冰的;
rain (v.)下雨;It rains. →It will rain.
rain (n.)雨;There be+名词
There is much rain. →There will be much rain.
rainy (adj.)有雨的;It is +形容词It is rainy. →It will be rainy.→It will be much rainier.
luck-lucky幸运的-luckily
health-healthy健康的-healthily
sleep-sleepy昏昏欲睡的
shine-shiny光亮的
noise-noisy吵闹的-noisily
fun-funny滑稽的
- It makes them look a bit funny. 这让他们看起来有点滑稽。
make sb do sth让某人做某事
被动结构:sb be made to do sth 某人被迫做某事
结构 | 修饰对象 | 例句 |
a bit | 形容词 / 副词 | a bit funny(有点滑稽) |
a little | 形容词 / 副词 / 不可数名词 | a little water(一点水) |
a bit of | 不可数名词 | a bit of milk(一点牛奶) |
- The heat of the sun makes people sleepy in the afternoon.太阳的酷热使人们在下午昏昏欲睡。
词性 / 词汇 | 核心含义 | 固定搭配 / 例句 |
sleep (v./n.) | 睡觉(动作 / 状态) | sleep well睡得好,动词; have a good sleep睡个好觉,名词 |
sleepy (adj.) | 昏昏欲睡的 | feel sleepy感到犯困 |
asleep (adj.) | 睡着的 | fall asleep入睡,表动作;be asleep睡着,表状态 |
sleeping (adj.) | 正在睡觉的 | the sleeping boy熟睡的男孩,作定语 |
- The sudden heavy rain may bring lots of problems.突如其来的大雨可能会带来许多问题。
sudden adj.突然的, the sudden rain 突如其来的雨
suddenly adv.突然地, It suddenly rained.天突然下雨了
- People are lucky to enjoy the pleasant weather in this season.人们很幸运能在这个季节享受宜人的天气。
be lucky to do sth 幸运做某事
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