Unit 4 Friends Forever Using language Grammar 关系代词引导的定语从句练习-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1．This is the only food is in my fridge now. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是现在我冰箱里仅有的食物。先行词food被the only修饰，关系词在定语从句中作主语，此时关系词只能用that。故填that。 2．They are looking for people want to join the Reading Club. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们在寻找想加入读书俱乐部的人。此处引导限制性定语从句，指人，作主语，用who或that引导。故填who/that。 3．They were driving by the houses Andy had described. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：他们正开车经过安迪描述过的那些房子。分析句子可知，the houses是先行词，指物，在从句中作宾语，要用which/that，故填关系代词which/that。 4．She memorized an ancient poem name I didn't know. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她背诵了一首我不知道名字的古诗。定语从句修饰先行词poem，在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 5．I showed great concern for those people lives were greatly affected by the flood. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常关心那些生活受到洪水严重影响的人们。先行词为 those people，在定语从句中作定语，表示“......的”，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 6．As Karl Marx says, “Those make most people happy are the happiest people in the world.” 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如卡尔·马克思（Karl Marx）所说，“让大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。”分析句子成分可知，此句是一个定语从句，those为先行词，在句中指人，空格处在定语从句中充当主语成分，所以只能填who。故填who。 7．Did you see the homeless man was sleeping under the bridge? 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你看到那个正睡在桥下的流浪汉了吗？分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“the homeless man”，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 8．After graduation, he joined the very organization was set up to help the seniors. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业后，他加入了为帮助老年人而成立的组织。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是organization在从句中作主语，当先行词前有the very修饰时，只能用that引导。故填that。 9．My great-aunt is 99 years old told us how she has been able to live so long. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我99岁的曾姑姑告诉我们她是如何活这么久的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词My great-aunt，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 10．Thank you for the help you have given me. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：谢谢你给我的帮助。分析句子可知，先行词the help在从句中作宾语成分，所以用关系代词that/ which引导的定语从句。故填that/ which。 11．The third fruit of friendship is the help a friend may offer in many different ways.   【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：友谊的第三个果实是朋友可以以许多不同的方式提供帮助。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为help，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 12．Our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions we all have to make.   【答案】that/which /不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的朋友能够更好地为我们必须做出的重要决定而提供建议。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词decisions，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that/which引导定语从句，作宾语时也可省略关系代词，故填that/which/不填。 13．I think Tim is the one brings out the best in me. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认为是蒂姆激发了我最好的一面。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the one，指代Tim，作从句的主语，可以用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 14．The friendship forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：哈克·芬恩和吉姆之间形成的友谊是这本书的一个重要主题。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为friendship，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 15．The man you spoke to is a teacher. 【答案】that/who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：与你交谈的那个人是一位老师。分析句子可知，句子主句是The man is a teacher. you spoke to是定语从句，修饰限制说明先行词the man，关系词指代The man作you speak to的宾语，指人。故填that/who/whom. 16．He is not half such a fool they thought. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他远非他们认为的那么傻。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a fool，先行词前有such修饰，应用关系代词as做引导词，从句中省略了he was，as是作表语。故填as。 17．According to the author, those enjoy reading will never feel lonely. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据作者的说法，那些喜欢阅读的人永远不会感到孤独。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，表示“那些人”，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 18．The necklace I bought for my mom’s birthday is very expensive. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我为妈妈生日买的项链很贵。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词The necklace为物，在从句中作宾语，所以应用关系代词that或者which引导从句。故填that/which。 19．The book she recommended to me is a bestseller. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她推荐给我的那本书是一本畅销书。空处引导定语从句，先行词the book，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 20．The dress she wore to the party looked stunning. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她参加聚会穿的那条裙子看起来美极了。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是The dress，指物，关系词在从句中作wore的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填that或which。 21．The flowers my mother planted in the garden are blooming beautifully. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈在花园里种的花开得很漂亮。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词The flowers为物，在从句中作宾语，所以应用关系代词that或者which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 22．The car was parked outside the house belongs to my neighbor. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：停在房子外面的车是我邻居的。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The car，指代事物可用关系代词that引导，在从句中作主语。故填that。 23．I got a call from a friend I hadn’t contacted for a long time. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我接到一个很久没联系的朋友的电话。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词a friend指人，且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词whom来引导。故填whom。 24．He is the one to you can turn for help when you are in trouble. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是你遇到困难时可以求助的人。在定语从句中缺少介词to后的宾语，且先行词为the one，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 25．This is the museum we visited during our class trip. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我们研学中参观的博物馆。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词museum在作定语从句中visit的宾语，应用关系代词that或者which作引导词。故填that/which。 26．The engineer is talking with my father has just come from abroad. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：正在和我父亲谈话的那位工程师刚从国外来。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“engineer”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 27．He lives in a room door faces south. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他住在一间门朝南的房间里。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“room”，在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 28．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：安吉拉和她的家人在中国一起度过的确切年份是2008年。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词year是“年”，因此空格处用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。 29．The English languages is full of idioms are thought to have come from football. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语中充满了被认为来自足球的习语。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为idioms，指代事物，可用关系代词which或that引导从句，作主语。故填which/that。 30．The person who bought the house or moved is the one throws the party. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：买了房子或搬家的人是举办派对的人。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the one，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，并且本句中的另一个定语从句已经用who引导，所以只能应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 二、完成句子(用定语从句改写句子) 31．Ken is a man. I respect his opinion. 【答案】Ken is a man whose opinion I respect. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Ken是一个我尊重他意见的人。原句是两个简单句，第二个句子中his指代Ken，故可改写为定语从句，先行词是man，关系词在从句中作定语修饰opinion，用关系代词whose引导，故填Ken is a man whose opinion I respect. 32．The tree that stands near the river is very tall. 【答案】The tree stands near the river. The tree is very tall. 【详解】考查定语从句与简单句的转换。句意：靠近河边的那棵树非常高。原句中“that stands near the river”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the tree”，that在从句中作主语，相当于“the tree”，改写成简单句时，需将复合句拆分为两个独立句，其中一个是主句，即The tree is very tall.；第二个将定语从句中的that替换为the tree，其它核心内容不变，即the tree stands near the river.，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 故填：The tree stands near the river. The tree is very tall. 33．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. 【答案】It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看过这部电影，它是最有趣的电影。句子可理解为“这是我看过的最有趣的电影”，原句中的it指代的是“the film”，改为定语从句时，用film做先行词，前面用the most interesting修饰，先行词film是“电影”，且被最高级the most interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，that可省略，时态不变，因此句子改为“It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen”，故答案为It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 34．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. → 【答案】The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：这个男孩是我弟弟。他一分钟前还在这里。根据句子要求可知，两句话可合成定语从句，先行词为The boy，为人，在从句was here a minute ago中作主语，所以这应用关系代词who或者that。故转变为The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 35．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. → 【答案】The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车晚点了。它是去南宁的。原句为两个句子，根据要求，合并为一个句子，it指代上文提到的the train，改写后的句子主语是the train，表达物的名词，后面接定语从句时，因在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which或that来引导，故答案为The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 36．The woman is my mother. You are looking after her. → is my mother. 【答案】The woman (that/who/whom) you are looking after 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你正在照顾的女人是我的妈妈。由句意此处可以用限制性定语从句进行合并，You are looking after her转化为定语从句，her指代The woman，定语从句先行词为The woman，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/who/whom，关系代词作宾语可以省略，主句为The woman is my mother，故答案为The woman (that/who/whom) you are looking after。 37．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music. 【答案】I have a friend who likes listening to classical music./I have a friend that likes listening to classical music. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友。他喜欢听古典音乐。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词a friend在从句中作主语成分，从句部分为who/that likes listening to classical music。故答案是：I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music. 38．My teachers arranged some homework in class. I have finished all the homework. →I have finished all the homework . 【答案】that my teachers arranged in class 【详解】考查定语从句。原句意：我的老师在课堂上布置了一些作业。我已经完成了所有的作业。把第二句作主句，其中the homework作先行词，把第一句My teachers arranged some homework in class作从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，且先行词由关系代词all修饰，定语从句应由关系代词that引导。故填that my teachers arranged in class。 39．The computer is too slow. I bought the computer four years ago. 【答案】The computer which I bought four years ago is too slow./The computer that I bought four years ago is too slow. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：电脑太慢了。我四年前买了这台电脑。根据题干要求使用定语从句进行合并，可以使用that或者which引导限制性定语从句对先行词the computer进行修饰，引导词在从句中作主语，指代物。故答案为The computer which I bought four years ago is too slow.或者The computer that I bought four years ago is too slow. 40．The student’s article was published. I know the student. 【答案】I know the student whose article was published. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表了。我认识这个学生。根据题干要求使用定语从句合并句子，可以使用whose引导定语从句对先行词student进行修饰，引导词在从句中作定语，意为“学生的”，表示所属关系。故答案为I know the student whose article was published. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1．This is the only food is in my fridge now. 2．They are looking for people want to join the Reading Club. 3．They were driving by the houses Andy had described. 4．She memorized an ancient poem name I didn't know. 5．I showed great concern for those people lives were greatly affected by the flood. 6．As Karl Marx says, “Those make most people happy are the happiest people in the world.” 7．Did you see the homeless man was sleeping under the bridge? 8．After graduation, he joined the very organization was set up to help the seniors. 9．My great-aunt is 99 years old told us how she has been able to live so long. 10．Thank you for the help you have given me. 11．The third fruit of friendship is the help a friend may offer in many different ways.   12．Our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions we all have to make.   13．I think Tim is the one brings out the best in me. 14．The friendship forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book. 15．The man you spoke to is a teacher. 16．He is not half such a fool they thought. 17．According to the author, those enjoy reading will never feel lonely. 18．The necklace I bought for my mom’s birthday is very expensive. 19．The book she recommended to me is a bestseller. 20．The dress she wore to the party looked stunning. 21．The flowers my mother planted in the garden are blooming beautifully. 22．The car was parked outside the house belongs to my neighbor. 23．I got a call from a friend I hadn’t contacted for a long time. 24．He is the one to you can turn for help when you are in trouble. 25．This is the museum we visited during our class trip. 26．The engineer is talking with my father has just come from abroad. 27．He lives in a room door faces south. 28．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 29．The English languages is full of idioms are thought to have come from football. 30．The person who bought the house or moved is the one throws the party. 二、完成句子(用定语从句改写句子) 31．Ken is a man. I respect his opinion. 32．The tree that stands near the river is very tall. 33．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. 34．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. → 35．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. → 36．The woman is my mother. You are looking after her. → is my mother. 37．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music. 38．My teachers arranged some homework in class. I have finished all the homework. →I have finished all the homework . 39．The computer is too slow. I bought the computer four years ago. 40．The student’s article was published. I know the student. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $