Unit 4 Period 2 Using language（课件）英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 4 Friends forever 外研版必修第一册 Using language Learning objectives 1. Master the basic rules of attributive clauses, tell restrictive from non‑restrictive attributive clauses and choose correct relative words. 2. Grasp useful expressions for making suggestions and finish listening tasks about helping friends. 3. Be able to write short passages with attributive clauses to describe friends. Contents 1. Lead in 2.The function of attributive clauses 3.The use of attributive clauses 4.Listening & Speaking 5.Summary 6. Practice 7. Assessment 8. Homework 01. Lead in Lead-in Lead in main elements used to modify a word or sentence subject verb object predicative direct object indirect object object complement adverbial attribute Lead-in Lead in Attribute 1. a lovely girl 2. a girl in red 3. a girl standing on the platform 4. a girl dressed in red 5. a girl who is dressed in red 形容词作定语 从句作定语 介词短语作定语 过去分词作定语 现在分词作定语 定语 — 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。单词作定语一般前置,句子或短语作定语则需后置。 Lead-in Lead in Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a We can … stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests… What does “that” refer to in sentence (a)? What does “who” refer to in sentence (b)? “That” refers to “the people” in sentence (a). “Who” refers to “people” in sentence (b). Lead-in Lead in Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. c We can … stay in touch with people. We want to remain friends with them. d The digital age also enables us to find people. These people share our interests… 3. What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? Sentences (a) and (b) both contain a clause defining a noun in each sentence. Sentences (c) and (d) are each constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun that appears in the other sentence in each pair. Lead-in Lead in Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. 4. Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage? Because there is a closer link and connection between “people” and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b). It also makes the passage clearer, and creates an emphatic effect on the people or things being defined. 02. The function of attributive clauses Lead-in The function of attributive clauses The teacher who is giving us a lesson is Miss Guo. Attributive clause antecedent Relative word 先行词 定语从句 关系词 在复合句中, 修饰或限定某一___ 词或 ___词的从句叫定语从句。 主句中被定语从句修饰的词叫 _________。引导定语从句的词叫做 __________。 先行词 关系词 名 代 The function of attributive clauses 先行词 (n. /代词) + 关系词 陈述句 定语从句 主句 被定语从句修饰的词 关系词有三个作用： 连接先行词和定语从句或引导定语从句； 2. 指代先行词。 3. 关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分，如主语、宾语、定语、状语等； 03. The use of attributive clauses Lead-in The use of attributive clauses 判断关系词的步骤： 1. 确定先行词； 2. 确定定语从句中缺少的成分； 3. 选择相应的关系词。 The use of attributive clauses 关系词 指物:that,which, whose,(as) 主语：who,that 宾语：that,whom 定语: whose 主/宾which,that 定语: whose where:地点状语 when:时间状语 why:原因状语 指人:who,whom, whose,that,(as) 关系代词 关系副词 The use of attributive clauses This is the reason he left. This is the reason for he left. This is the place my mother was born. This is the place in my mother was born. October 1st, 1949 is the day the People’s Republic of China was founded. October 1st, 1949 is the day on the People’s Republic of China was founded. why which where which when which 总结：关系副词when/where/why有时可以用由介词+which代替 why = for which when = on which where = in which The use of attributive clauses 定 语 从 句 种 类 1. 限制性 2. 非限制性 功能 翻译 翻译 功能 The use of attributive clauses 1. The Wal-Mart, which is designed for thousands of traders and shoppers, has become an attraction itself. 2. Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last month. 3. He came at six, when I was usually in the kitchen. 注意： 1.可以引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有 which / who / whom / when / where 2. that 和 why 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 The use of attributive clauses 类别/ 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 逗号 无逗号 有逗号 先行词 范围不明确 范围明确 作用 修饰限定先行词，不能省略，影响表意 补充说明先行词，可以省略，不影响表意 翻译 往前翻译（译到先行词前，"……的名词”） 不用往前翻译 关系词 ①关系词可以用that,why； ②作宾语可以省略； ③指人作宾语，可用whom /who /that；指物作宾语，可用which /that ①关系词不能用that,why； ②不可以省略； ③指人作宾语，只能用whom；指物作宾语，只能用which 04. Listening & Speaking Lead-in Listening & Speaking Helping our friends Did you know? The word “Friend” comes from the Old English word “frēond”, meaning “the loved one”. According to a study from Yale University and the University of California at San Diego in 2014, good friends are often genetically similar. In fact, good friends can share up to 1% of the same genes - as much as we might share with our great-great-great grandparents! 高达 在基因方面 相似 Lead-in Listening & Speaking 1.What does the study suggest? Which word conveys the author’s inference? Suggest:Good friends are often genetically similar. Author’s inference: as much as we might share with our great-great-great grandparents! Lead-in Listening & Speaking 2.What’s function of “friendship soup”? recipe Friendship soup Like any good soup, this won’t fail to make you smile when you’re feeling down. All you need to get started is a box of love. Pour it into a pot and mix it with five grams of smiles. Next, add: two cups of trust three spoons of helpfulness one pack of one glass of comfort two drops of patience one bag of passion one piece of generosity ...and a slice of humour down adj. 情绪低落；沮丧 spoon n. 勺; 匙 water, tea soup, salt water, wine ketchup(番茄酱), sauce flour meat, bread ingredient cake, pizza, Lead-in Listening & Speaking 3.Read the recipe and work out the meaning of the words in bold. Friendship soup Pour it into a pot and mix it with five grams of smiles. Next, add: two cups of trust, one spoon of encouragement, three spoons of helpfulness, three cups of good conversation, one pack of similar interests, one glass of comfort, two drops of patience, one bag of passion, one piece of generosity, ...and a slice of humour! Lead-in Listening & Speaking 4.Talk about the keywords of your “Friendship soup” and create your own recipe. Come up with more words if you can. Friendship soup Like any good soup, this won’t fail to make you smile when you’re feeling down. All you need to get started is a box of love. Pour it into a pot and mix it with five grams of smiles. Next, add: two cups of trust three spoons of helpfulness one pack of one glass of comfort two drops of patione bag of passion one piece of generosity ...and a slice of humour Lead-in Listening & Speaking 5.Listen to the conversation and number the events in the correct order.  Andy and Clara thought about postponing their trip.  Matt broke his leg.  Andy and Clara agreed on a plan.  Matt called Clara.  Andy, Clara and Matt decided to go to London.  Andy and Clara made a cardboard version of Matt. 4 2 5 3 1 6 Lead-in Listening & Speaking 6.Listen again and complete the table. Suggestion Comment We could send him 1________________of the places we visit. How about sending him 3______________from every places we visit. How about having a(n) 5____________with him at different places? We can print Matt’s photo on a 7____________cardboard cutout and take photos with it everywhere we go. That might make him 2__________. They may 4___________to arrive. They aren’t 6___________in some places. It will feel like he’s ther with us and Matt will 8___________at the photos. photos feel even worse funny postcards take days video chat allowed life-sized laugh life-sized adj. 与真人一样大的 Lead-in Listening & Speaking  Learning to learn When you make a suggestion, use less direct language than you would to make a statement or give an order. This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice. For example, you can begin with expressions such as Why don’t we...? How about...? or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion: I was wondering whether... 05. Summary Lead-in Summary 定 语 从 句 三 要 素 1. 先行词: (名词/代词/句子) 2. 位置：一般跟在先行词之后 3.关系词:引导定语从句且在从句中充当 句子成分： (主语/宾语/定语/状语/表语) 人 物 06. Practice Practice Lucy is my friend who/that has a hearing problem. So I learnt a new language which/that allows me to “speak” with my hands. Lucy is a smart girl whose ideas are always inspiring. I sometimes have problems (that / which) I can’t solve. Lucy is a good listener (whom /who / that) I enjoy sharing moments of my life with. Practice 1. The man __________ normally comes to clean our window is on holiday this month. 2. There's only one clock ________ works properly in this flat! 3. A widow is a woman ________ husband has died. 4. I'm enjoying the book ___________ you lent me. 5. That’s the shop assistant __________ served me the last time I came here. 6. At the party she spoke to Mr. Peterson, ________ father owned the company ___________ she worked for. that/who that whose that/which which/that who/that whose 06. Assessment Lead-in Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to understand attributive clauses and pick proper relative words. 2.After learning, I am able to catch key information in listening and use expressions to make suggestions. 3.After learning, I am able to use attributive clauses to write sentences about my friends. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 07. Homework Lead-in Homework 1.Write sentences about your friend(s), trying to use some attributive clauses in your passage. I have a best friend who is called Tom. He is a boy that has big eyes and a warm smile. He likes reading books which are about history. The park where we often play together is near our school. Tom always helps me when I meet difficult problems that I can’t work out. He is the person that I can trust whenever I feel upset. I hope our friendship will last forever. Lead-in Homework 2.完成单句语法填空. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit. We are always doing things that someone else makes us do and aren’t allowed to do all the things we like. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks. Therefore, the time a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true. Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences. Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. which that who that/which when where whose Thank you for your listening null 254815.42 $