焦点 07 基础知识之选词填空-备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之题型特训面面到（江苏南京）

焦点07 语言基础知识之选词填空 备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之题型特训面面到 【题型解析】 一、考查能力与题型特点 “选词填空”是一种综合性较强的题型，它在一篇结构完整、意义连贯的短文中设若干空格，要求从所提供的备选词汇中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空。这类题型主要考查以下几项能力 ： 词汇认知与辨析能力：对备选词汇的基本含义、词性、常见搭配的掌握。 语法知识的灵活运用能力：包括时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等。 语篇理解能力：对短文主旨大意、上下文逻辑关系的把握。 逻辑推理能力：根据上下文信息进行合理推断。 值得注意的是，该题型有时会融入南京本土文化元素，例如可能出现与“Confucius Temple”（夫子庙）、“Qinhuai River”（秦淮河）等地方文化地标或习俗相关的内容，使题目更贴近生活 。 二、核心考点梳理 根据对近年考情和模拟题的分析，选词填空的重难点主要集中在以下几个方面 考查方向 具体内容与示例 词汇辨析与词性转换 - 多义词与形近词：如“light”（光/轻的）、“affect”（动词，影响）与“effect”（名词，效果）的辨析。 - 词性转换：如名词与动词转换（create → creation），形容词与副词转换（careful → carefully）。 上下文逻辑与固定搭配 - 逻辑关系词：如转折（but, however）、因果（so, because）、递进（and, also）等连词的选择。 - 固定搭配：如动词短语（give up, look forward to）、介词搭配（depend on, be proud of）。 语法与语境限制 - 时态与语态：需根据上下文判断时态，如过去时与现在完成时的使用，以及被动语态。 - 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语动词在数上一致，例如“These books ______ (be) popular” 应填“are”。 文化背景与常识推断 - 可能涉及西方文化常识（如节日习俗）或结合社会热点的语境（如环保话题中的“recycle”“pollution”等词汇）。 三、四步解题策略 面对题目时，可以遵循以下清晰的解题步骤，提高解题效率和准确率 ： 通读全文，把握大意 跳过空格，快速阅读全文，重点关注首尾句和段落主题句，理解文章主旨和基本结构。标记出关键信息词（如逻辑连接词、代词等）和时间状语，有助于判断时态。 分析选项，归类词性 仔细阅读所有备选词汇，并标注每个单词的词性（如n.名词, v.动词, adj.形容词, adv.副词等）。这能帮助你在后续解题中根据句子成分快速缩小选择范围。 逐空突破，瞻前顾后 这是核心环节。对于每个空格，要“瞻前顾后”，分析其所在句子的结构（如缺主语、谓语还是宾语？）和上下文语境。 固定搭配：注意常见的动词短语、介词搭配等。 逻辑关系：根据上下文的转折、因果、并列等关系选择合适的连接词。 语法规则：根据空格前后的词和语法结构判断所需词性及形式（如动词的时态、名词的单复数等）。 复核检查，代入验证 将所有选出的词代入原文，通读一遍，检查文章是否意思通顺、逻辑连贯、语法正确，特别是词形是否正确。 四、高效备考建议 分类积累词汇：按词性（动词、名词、形容词等）和主题（环保、科技、文化等）整理词汇表，特别注意积累高频词的变形和固定搭配 。 强化语法专项：重点复习和巩固初中阶段的核心语法点，如动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致和各类从句。 进行限时模拟训练：每篇选词填空的练习时间建议控制在7-8分钟，培养时间感。完成后务必认真分析错题，总结错误原因 。 拓展阅读视野：多阅读不同题材的英语短文，尤其是涉及文化、科技、环保等热点话题的文章，有助于提升语感和对整体语篇的理解能力 。 希望以上分析能帮助你更清晰地了解2026年南京中考英语选词填空题型，并为你的备考提供明确的方向。祝你学习顺利，取得理想成绩！ A 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中。每词仅用一次。 ( grow      proud      as soon as       sad        field ) Once, there was an impatient farmer who planted some rice seedlings in his field. Every day, he went to the 1 to check their growth, but he felt they were growing too slowly. One day, he thought to himself, “If I pull the seedlings up a little, they 2 faster!” So, the next day, he spent the whole day pulling the seedlings upward. Although he was tired, he felt 3 . 4 he returned home, he told his son, “I helped the seedlings grow today!” Hearing about this, the son rushed to see the crops. He 5 found all the seedlings had died. 【答案】1．field 2．will grow 3．proud 4．As soon as 5．sadly 【难度】0.4 【知识点】寓言童话 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事《揠苗助长》，讲述了一个心急的农夫为了让禾苗长得更快而拔苗助长，结果导致禾苗全部枯死的故事。 1．句意：每天，他去田地里查看它们的生长情况，但他觉得它们长得太慢了。根据“Every day, he went to the ... to check their growth, but he felt they were growing too slowly.”及备选词汇可知，“go to+地点”表示“去某地”，这里需要填表示地点的名词，结合前文“planted some rice seedlings in his field”，可知是去“field”。故填field。 2．句意：如果我把秧苗往上拔一点，它们将会长得更快！根据“If I pull the seedlings up a little, they ... faster!”及备选词汇可知，这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句“If I pull the seedlings up a little”是一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”，“grow”是动词原形。故填will grow。 3．句意：虽然他很累，但他感到很自豪。根据“Although he was tired, he felt ...”及备选词汇可知，“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“proud”是形容词，符合语境。故填proud。 4．句意：他一回到家，就告诉他的儿子：“我今天帮助秧苗生长了！” 根据“... he returned home, he told his son”及备选词汇可知，这里需要一个连词短语引导时间状语从句，“As soon as”符合“他回到家”和“告诉儿子”的时间先后逻辑。故填As soon as。 5．句意：他伤心地发现所有的秧苗都死了。根据“He ... found all the seedlings had died.”及备选词汇可知，“found”是动词，要用副词来修饰，“sadly”是副词，描述发现秧苗死亡时的心情。故填sadly。 B 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 ( farmer    plenty of    during    begin    health ) The Minor Heat, or Xiao Shu, is one of the 24 solar terms (节气) in China, marking the 1 of the hotter days. It usually starts around July 7. 2 this period, the weather starts to get warm, but it is not the hottest time yet. People often eat refreshing foods, such as cucumbers, cold noodles, and watermelon, to stay cool. 3 begin to prepare for the upcoming summer harvest, taking care of their crops. Families might enjoy outdoor activities like swimming to beat the heat. The Minor Heat reminds us to drink 4 water and wear light clothing. It’s a time to enjoy the summer while staying safe and 5 in the warming weather. 【答案】1．beginning 2．During 3．Farmers 4．plenty of 5．healthy 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、中华文化 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国24节气中的小暑。 1．句意：小暑是中国24节气之一，标志着炎热日子的开始。根据下文“the weather starts to get warm, but it is not the hottest time yet”以及备选词可知，此处表示标志着炎热日子的开始。定冠词the beginning of“……的开始”。故填beginning。 2．句意：在此期间，天气开始变暖，但还不是最热的时候。根据下文“this period”以及备选词可知，此处表示在此期间。所以用介词during“在……期间”，句首首字母大写。故填During。 3．句意：农民们开始为即将到来的夏季收获做准备，照顾他们的庄稼。根据下文“begin to prepare for the upcoming summer harvest, taking care of their crops”以及备选词可知，此处是指农民们。farmer“农民”，根据后面的谓语动词begin可知，应用复数形式farmers，句首首字母大写。故填Farmers。 4．句意：小暑提醒我们多喝水，穿轻便的衣服。根据“drink...water”以及备选词可知，此处是指多喝水。plenty of“大量的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词water。故填plenty of。 5．句意：这是一个享受夏天，在温暖的天气里保持安全和健康的时候。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填名词health的形容词形式healthy“健康的”和前面的safe并列作表语。故填healthy。 C 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每词或短语仅用一次。 ( natural     grow     bad     for     example     planet ) As we explore (探索) far out into space, people often ask, “Should we live on another 1 ?” Many people have dreamed about having places for people to live on the Moon or Mars. We 2 want to see how far we can go. We also want people to stay in space for a long time. To do this, we need to get used to life in very different places. 3 , the environment on the. Moon is very challenging. To live there, people need to be able to fit in with the 4 environment. We also need to change the Moon, so plants can 5 and we can make water. 【答案】1．planet 2．naturally 3．For example 4．bad 5．grow 【难度】0.4 【知识点】航天与航空 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨人类是否应该生活在另一个星球上，以及如何在月球等极端环境中生存的问题。 1．句意：当我们探索太空时，人们常问：“我们应该生活在另一个星球上吗？” 根据“Should we live on another ...”及备选词汇可知，设空处位于名词短语“another ...”中，需填入一个表示“星球”的名词。方框中只有“planet”符合语境。故填planet。 2．句意：我们自然想看看我们能走多远。根据“We ... want to see how far we can go.”及备选词汇可知，设空处修饰动词“want”，需填入副词形式。将“natural”变为副词“naturally”符合语法和句意。故填naturally。 3．句意：例如，月球的环境非常具有挑战性。根据“To do this, we need to get used to life in very different places ... the environment on the Moon is very challenging.”及备选词汇可知，设空处需填入一个表示举例的短语，方框中“For example”符合语境，且首字母需大写。故填For example。 4．句意：为了在那里生活，人们需要适应恶劣的环境。根据“To live there, people need to be able to fit in with the ... environment.”及备选词汇可知，设空处修饰名词“environment”，需填入形容词。方框中“bad”符合语境，表示“恶劣的”。故填bad。 5．句意：我们还需要改造月球，这样植物就能生长，而且我们可以制造水。根据“We also need to change the Moon, so plants can ... and we can make water.”及备选词汇可知，设空处位于情态动词“can”后，需填入动词原形。方框中“grow”符合语境，表示“生长”。故填grow。 D 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 How can I manage my time well? ( enough       like       exercise       easy       go through ) I know that time is important, but I don’t know how to manage it well. Sometimes, I feel like there’s never 1 time for my homework, so I quickly 2 my timetable, trying to get more math and science 3 done. However, sometimes I get lost in activities 4 playing games on my phone. Can you tell me a much 5 way to control my time? Susan 【答案】1．enough 2．go through 3．exercises 4．like 5．easier 【难度】0.4 【知识点】青少年问题、意见/建议 【导语】本文介绍了Susan在时间管理上的困扰，她感到作业时间不足，试图调整时间表来完成数学和科学练习，但常沉迷于手机游戏，寻求更简单的时间管理方法。 1．句意：有时候我觉得从来没有足够的时间做作业。根据“Sometimes, I feel like there’s never...time for my homework”可知，句中“time”是名词，需用形容词修饰。“enough”作形容词时意为“足够的”，置于名词前，“enough time”表示“足够的时间”，符合语境。故填enough。 2．句意：于是我快速浏览时间表，试图完成更多数学和科学练习。根据“so I quickly...my timetable, trying to get more math and science...done.”可知，句子缺少谓语动词，“go through”为动词短语，意为“浏览、检查”，“go through my timetable”表示“查看时间表”，主语为“I”，一般现在时用动词原形。故填go through。 3．句意：于是我快速浏览时间表，试图完成更多数学和科学练习。根据“so I quickly...my timetable, trying to get more math and science...done.”可知，句中“math and science”后需接名词，“exercise”意为“练习题”，是可数名词，此处用复数“exercises”，表示多科目的练习任务。故填exercises。 4．句意：然而有时我会沉迷于像手机游戏那样的活动中。根据“However, sometimes I get lost in activities...playing games on my phone.”可知，“playing games on my phone”是对“activities”的举例，“like”作介词时意为“例如、像”，用于列举具体事例。故填like。 5．句意：你能告诉我更简单的时间管理方法吗？根据“Can you tell me a much...way to control my time?”可知，句中“way”前需用形容词修饰，“much”可修饰比较级，“easy”的比较级为“easier”，“a much easier way”表示“容易得多的方法”，符合语境。故填easier。 （2022·江苏南京·中考真题）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。 ( so      what about       practise      reading       nobody ) Kitty: Hi Lily, I’m Kitty. Do you think pronunciation is important? Lily: Yes, it’s very important. You can learn new words and phrases, but if you get pronunciation wrong, 1 will understand you. Kitty: And 2 grammar? Should we spend our time learning grammar? Lily: Grammar is important, but you should learn new words and phrases, too. You should also 3 speaking, listening, reading and writing in English. Kitty: Do you suggest 4 graded texts or texts for English speakers? Lily: It’s important to read at the right level for you, 5 I suggest graded texts. And remember that you won’t understand every word. The more you read, the more you’ll understand. 【答案】1．nobody 2．what about 3．practise 4．reading 5．so 【难度】0.4 【知识点】学习策略、意见/建议 【导语】本文是两人之间的对话。Lily就英语学习方面给Kitty提出的建议。 1．句意：你可以学习新单词和短语，但是如果你发音错误，没人会懂你的意思。根据“but if you get pronunciation wrong”和备选词汇可知，如果发音错误，没人能懂，nobody“没有人”，故填nobody。 2．句意：语法呢？根据“Should we spend our time learning grammar?”和备选词汇可知，这里是问关于语法的事，what about“关于”，故填what about。 3．句意：你还应该练习用英语进行说听读写。根据“speaking, listening, reading and writing in English.”和备选词汇可知是练习说、听、读和写，practice“练习”，情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填practice。 4．句意：你建议阅读分级教材还是英语教材？suggest后面要跟动名词，在方框中所给的五个词语中，只有reading符合。故填reading。 5．句意：正确的阅读水平对你来说很重要，所以我建议你分级阅读。上下文为因果关系，前因后果，因此用so，意为“所以”。故填so。 A （2025·江苏南京·三模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 ( friendship, along with, abroad, finally, reminded, foreign ) For Chinese students, you must be familiar with writing letters in English exams to a 1 pen pal which begin with “I’m Li Hua”. These letters would traditionally include a hopeful line, “I am looking forward to your reply.” Now, they 2 get replies. Among them, one came from Miranda from the UK. She sent a post on Xiaohongshu, 3 a letter of her handwritten reply in Chinese characters. Her letter reads: “My dearest Li Hua, I’m sorry for taking so long to write back. I am happy to know that even if we never meet, we will always be friends. Thanks for your letter and 4 ! Your pen pal, Miranda.” Writing the letter is a way of connecting with others from different cultures and it also creates new relations. Many said it made them feel happy and 5 them of their youth. 【答案】1．foreign 2．finally 3．along with 4．friendship 5．reminded 【难度】0.4 【知识点】友谊 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国学生用英语给外国笔友写信的传统，以及他们最终收到回信的温馨故事。 1．句意：对于中国学生来说，你一定熟悉用英语给外国笔友写信，并以“我是李华”开头。根据“For Chinese students, you must be familiar with writing letters in English exams to a...pen pal”可知，中国学生一定熟悉用英语给外国笔友写信，foreign“外国的”，作定语，修饰名词pen pal，符合语境。故填foreign。 2．句意：现在，它们终于得到了回复。根据前文“I am looking forward to your reply.”可推知，现在这些书信经过等待终于得到了回信，finally“最终地”，副词，修饰动词get，符合语境。故填finally。 3．句意：她在“小红书”上发了一个帖子，并附上了她用汉字手写的回信。根据“She sent a post on Xiaohongshu, ...a letter of her handwritten repl”可知，她发布的帖子附带有手写信，along with“带有”，符合语境。故填along with。 4．句意：感谢你的来信和友谊！根据前文“we will always be friends.”可推知，此处在感谢来信和友谊，friendship“友谊”，符合语境。故填friendship。 5．句意：许多人说，这让他们感到快乐，让他们想起了自己的青春。remind sb of sth“让某人想起某事”，此处表示“让他们想起了自己的青春”，故填reminded。 B （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。 Nanjing, with its rich history and culture, has long inspired great minds. The experiences Wu Cheng’en had here left a lasting mark on his writing. ( ideas    influence    times    was published    based on ) Have you heard of the latest game Black Myth: Wukong? The Monkey King in it looks really powerful. Interestingly, the game is 1 Journey to the West, a famous novel written by Wu Cheng’en. Many people think Journey to the West is just an old legend, but Wu Cheng’en turned these ancient stories into a great novel. He lived in Nanjing for twenty years and took the imperial exam three 2 without success. Although he had bad luck with exams, he later worked at the Imperial College. There, he read many books and used his 3 to write his stories. It’s unclear whether he completed the novel while living in Nanjing, but the city clearly had a deep 4 on his work. There is a lot of Nanjing dialect and culture in the story. This shows how important his years in Nanjing were to his writing. It is said that Journey to the West 5 for the first time in Sanshanjie in 1592, which was ten years after Wu Cheng’en’s death. Over time, his story became a classic in Chinese literature and is still loved by many readers today. 【答案】1．based on 2．times 3．ideas 4．influence 5．was published 【难度】0.4 【知识点】中华文化、文学家、文学名著 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了游戏《黑神话：悟空》与吴承恩的《西游记》之间的关系，以及吴承恩在南京的生活经历对其创作的影响。 1．句意：有趣的是，这款游戏是基于吴承恩所写的著名小说《西游记》。根据“Interestingly, the game is…Journey to the West, a famous novel written by Wu Cheng’en.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指游戏《黑神话：悟空》是以《西游记》为蓝本创作的，based on“基于”符合。故填based on。 2．句意：他在南京住了二十年，三次参加科举考试均未成功。根据“took the imperial exam three…without success”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指多次参加科举考试，times“次”符合。故填times。 3．句意：在那里，他读了很多书，并用自己的想法写故事。根据“write his stories”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指用自己的想法写故事，ideas“想法”符合。故填ideas。 4．句意：但是，南京这座城市显然对他的作品产生了深远的影响。have a deep influence on…“对……有着深远的影响”，是固定搭配。故填influence。 5．句意：据说《西游记》于1592年首次在三山街出版，当时距吴承恩去世已有十年。根据“It is said that Journey to the West…for the first time in Sanshanjie in 1592,”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指出版《西游记》，was published“被出版”符合。故填was published。 C （2025·江苏南京·二模） ( scissors     adults     as important as     check     include )根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 Congratulations! You tried out for the school’s first aid team, and you made it. Learning how to use a first aid kit is just 1 having one. A basic first aid kit should 2 the following items: bandages of different sizes for cuts, antiseptic wipes (消毒湿巾) to clean wounds, 3 for cutting bandages (绷带), and gloves to protect both the helper and the wounded person and so on. Remember to 4 your first aid kit regularly. Keep your kit in an easy-to-find place that 5 and older children can reach quickly, but make sure it’s stored safely away from small children. 【答案】1．as important as 2．include 3．scissors 4．check 5．adults 【难度】0.4 【知识点】check、include、科普知识、急救、意见/建议 【导语】本文主要介绍了急救工具包的组成和注意事项。 1．句意：学习如何使用急救工具包和学习急救知识一样重要。根据“Learning how to use a first aid kit is just...having one.”以及备选词可知，此处表示学习如何使用急救工具包和学习急救知识一样重要。as important as“和……一样重要”。故填as important as。 2．句意：一个基本的急救工具包应包括以下物品：不同尺寸的切割绷带、清洁伤口的消毒湿巾、切割绷带的剪刀、保护助手和伤员的手套等。根据“the following items: bandages of different sizes for cuts, antiseptic wipes to clean wounds, ...for cutting bandages, and gloves to protect both the helper and the wounded person and so on.”以及备选词可知，此处表示包括以下物品根据句意。include“包括”，should后接动词原形。故填include。 3．句意：一个基本的急救工具包应包括以下物品：不同尺寸的切割绷带、清洁伤口的消毒湿巾、切割绷带的剪刀、保护助手和伤员的手套等。根据空后的“for cutting bandages”以及备选词可知，此处是指剪刀。scissors“剪刀”。故填scissors。 4．句意：记得定期检查你的急救工具包。根据“Remember to...your first aid kit regularly. ”以及备选词可知，此处是指记得定期检查你的急救工具包。check“检查”，应填动词原形，和空前的to一起构成动词不定式结构。故填check。 5．句意：把你的工具包放在一个成年人和年龄较大的孩子可以快速接触到的容易找到的地方，但要确保它安全地存放在远离小孩的地方。根据“an easy-to-find place that...and older children can reach quickly”以及备选词可知，此处是指一个成年人和年龄较大的孩子可以快速接触到的容易找到的地方。adults“成年人”。故填adults。 D （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确。 ( directly      make sure      had better      if      pay close attention to ) Preparing for an exam can be stressful, but it doesn’t have to be. First, you 1 ask your teacher about the test material. One of the easiest ways to begin your studying is to find out what is on the test 2 from your teacher. Knowing which material the test will cover will help you 3 the main material. Then, 4 you have more than enough time to go over the material. For example, 5 you have to go over material for a whole term, you might need to start studying a few weeks earlier. In this way, you can receive better grades without having to spend more time studying. 【答案】1．had better 2．directly 3．pay close attention to 4．Make sure 5．if 【难度】0.4 【知识点】方法/策略、学习策略 【导语】本文围绕备考展开，介绍了一些备考方法，帮助考生在不花费过多时间的情况下取得更好成绩。 1．句意：首先，你最好向老师询问考试资料。根据“Preparing for an exam can be stressful, but it doesn’t have to be.”可知，此处是在给备考的建议，备选词had better“最好”符合语境。故填had better。 2．句意：开始学习最简单的方法之一是直接从老师那里了解考试内容。根据“One of the easiest ways to begin your studying is to find out what is on the test”可知，这里说的是直接获取考试内容的方式，备选词directly“直接地”符合语境，副词，修饰动词find out。故填directly。 3．句意：知道考试将涵盖哪些内容将帮助你密切关注主要内容。根据“Knowing which material the test will cover”可知，了解考试涵盖内容后，就能针对性关注重点，备选词pay close attention to“密切关注”符合语境，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填pay close attention to。 4．句意：然后，确保你有足够多的时间来复习这些内容。根据“you have more than enough time to go over the material”可知，这里强调要保证有复习时间，备选词make sure“确保”符合语境，此句为祈使句，动词用原形，句首首字母大写。故填Make sure。 5．句意：例如，如果你需要复习一整个学期的内容，你可能需要提前几周开始学习。根据“you have to go over material for a whole term, you might need to start studying a few weeks earlier”可知，此处是在假设一种复习情况，备选词“if”“如果”符合语境，引导条件状语从句。故填if。 E （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 ( the importance of      against      personal      how      like ) China is making big efforts to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” plan from 2024—2027 to fight 1 obesity (肥胖). It hopes to help people understand 2 managing their weight and living healthily. The plan has many parts. First, the government will teach people more about 3 to manage their weight. This means telling people to eat healthily, exercise more, and know the truth about losing weight. Doctors and health groups will help share the correct information. Second, the plan supports making smart tools that can watch people’s weight. It also wants to use AI to give people advice on 4 health plans. By 2030, China hopes to deal with the increase in obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect—just start with small changes, 5 drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs instead of the lift. With these easy steps, everyone can have a healthier future. 【答案】1．against 2．the importance of 3．how 4．personal 5．like 【难度】0.4 【知识点】减肥 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国正在实施“体重管理年”计划（2024—2027），通过教育、健康饮食推广、智能工具和AI技术帮助人们对抗肥胖，倡导从小改变逐步实现健康目标，计划到2030年控制肥胖率增长。 1．句意：政府从2024年至2027年启动了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划以对抗肥胖。根据“fight...obesity”可知，考查固定搭配fight against“与……斗争”，表示“与肥胖斗争”。故填against。 2．句意：该计划旨在帮助人们理解管理体重和健康生活的重要性。根据“It hopes to help people understand...managing their weight...”可知，此处表示“帮助人们意识到管理体重的重要性”，the importance of“……的重要性”，符合语境。故填the importance of。 3．句意：首先，政府将教导人们更多关于管理体重的知识。根据“teach people more about...to manage their weight”可知，此处表示“学习如何管理体重”，how“怎么样”，符合语境。故填how。 4．句意：还希望利用AI为人们提供健康计划的建议。根据“advice on...health plans”可知，此处用形容词，personal“个人的”，表示“个人的健康计划”。故填personal。 5．句意：记住，减肥不是追求完美——只需从小改变开始，比如用喝水代替碳酸饮料，或走楼梯而不是乘电梯。根据“...drinking water instead of soda...”可知，此处表示列举，like“例如”，符合语境。故填like。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 焦点07 语言基础知识之选词填空 备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之题型特训面面到 【题型解析】 一、考查能力与题型特点 “选词填空”是一种综合性较强的题型，它在一篇结构完整、意义连贯的短文中设若干空格，要求从所提供的备选词汇中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空。这类题型主要考查以下几项能力 ： 词汇认知与辨析能力：对备选词汇的基本含义、词性、常见搭配的掌握。 语法知识的灵活运用能力：包括时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等。 语篇理解能力：对短文主旨大意、上下文逻辑关系的把握。 逻辑推理能力：根据上下文信息进行合理推断。 值得注意的是，该题型有时会融入南京本土文化元素，例如可能出现与“Confucius Temple”（夫子庙）、“Qinhuai River”（秦淮河）等地方文化地标或习俗相关的内容，使题目更贴近生活 。 二、核心考点梳理 根据对近年考情和模拟题的分析，选词填空的重难点主要集中在以下几个方面 考查方向 具体内容与示例 词汇辨析与词性转换 - 多义词与形近词：如“light”（光/轻的）、“affect”（动词，影响）与“effect”（名词，效果）的辨析。 - 词性转换：如名词与动词转换（create → creation），形容词与副词转换（careful → carefully）。 上下文逻辑与固定搭配 - 逻辑关系词：如转折（but, however）、因果（so, because）、递进（and, also）等连词的选择。 - 固定搭配：如动词短语（give up, look forward to）、介词搭配（depend on, be proud of）。 语法与语境限制 - 时态与语态：需根据上下文判断时态，如过去时与现在完成时的使用，以及被动语态。 - 主谓一致：确保主语和谓语动词在数上一致，例如“These books ______ (be) popular” 应填“are”。 文化背景与常识推断 - 可能涉及西方文化常识（如节日习俗）或结合社会热点的语境（如环保话题中的“recycle”“pollution”等词汇）。 三、四步解题策略 面对题目时，可以遵循以下清晰的解题步骤，提高解题效率和准确率 ： 通读全文，把握大意 跳过空格，快速阅读全文，重点关注首尾句和段落主题句，理解文章主旨和基本结构。标记出关键信息词（如逻辑连接词、代词等）和时间状语，有助于判断时态。 分析选项，归类词性 仔细阅读所有备选词汇，并标注每个单词的词性（如n.名词, v.动词, adj.形容词, adv.副词等）。这能帮助你在后续解题中根据句子成分快速缩小选择范围。 逐空突破，瞻前顾后 这是核心环节。对于每个空格，要“瞻前顾后”，分析其所在句子的结构（如缺主语、谓语还是宾语？）和上下文语境。 固定搭配：注意常见的动词短语、介词搭配等。 逻辑关系：根据上下文的转折、因果、并列等关系选择合适的连接词。 语法规则：根据空格前后的词和语法结构判断所需词性及形式（如动词的时态、名词的单复数等）。 复核检查，代入验证 将所有选出的词代入原文，通读一遍，检查文章是否意思通顺、逻辑连贯、语法正确，特别是词形是否正确。 四、高效备考建议 分类积累词汇：按词性（动词、名词、形容词等）和主题（环保、科技、文化等）整理词汇表，特别注意积累高频词的变形和固定搭配 。 强化语法专项：重点复习和巩固初中阶段的核心语法点，如动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致和各类从句。 进行限时模拟训练：每篇选词填空的练习时间建议控制在7-8分钟，培养时间感。完成后务必认真分析错题，总结错误原因 。 拓展阅读视野：多阅读不同题材的英语短文，尤其是涉及文化、科技、环保等热点话题的文章，有助于提升语感和对整体语篇的理解能力 。 希望以上分析能帮助你更清晰地了解2026年南京中考英语选词填空题型，并为你的备考提供明确的方向。祝你学习顺利，取得理想成绩！ A 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中。每词仅用一次。 ( grow      proud      as soon as       sad        field ) Once, there was an impatient farmer who planted some rice seedlings in his field. Every day, he went to the 1 to check their growth, but he felt they were growing too slowly. One day, he thought to himself, “If I pull the seedlings up a little, they 2 faster!” So, the next day, he spent the whole day pulling the seedlings upward. Although he was tired, he felt 3 . 4 he returned home, he told his son, “I helped the seedlings grow today!” Hearing about this, the son rushed to see the crops. He 5 found all the seedlings had died. B 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 ( farmer    plenty of    during    begin    health ) The Minor Heat, or Xiao Shu, is one of the 24 solar terms (节气) in China, marking the 1 of the hotter days. It usually starts around July 7. 2 this period, the weather starts to get warm, but it is not the hottest time yet. People often eat refreshing foods, such as cucumbers, cold noodles, and watermelon, to stay cool. 3 begin to prepare for the upcoming summer harvest, taking care of their crops. Families might enjoy outdoor activities like swimming to beat the heat. The Minor Heat reminds us to drink 4 water and wear light clothing. It’s a time to enjoy the summer while staying safe and 5 in the warming weather. C 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每词或短语仅用一次。 ( natural     grow     bad     for     example     planet ) As we explore (探索) far out into space, people often ask, “Should we live on another 1 ?” Many people have dreamed about having places for people to live on the Moon or Mars. We 2 want to see how far we can go. We also want people to stay in space for a long time. To do this, we need to get used to life in very different places. 3 , the environment on the. Moon is very challenging. To live there, people need to be able to fit in with the 4 environment. We also need to change the Moon, so plants can 5 and we can make water. D 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 How can I manage my time well? ( enough       like       exercise       easy       go through ) I know that time is important, but I don’t know how to manage it well. Sometimes, I feel like there’s never 1 time for my homework, so I quickly 2 my timetable, trying to get more math and science 3 done. However, sometimes I get lost in activities 4 playing games on my phone. Can you tell me a much 5 way to control my time? Susan （2022·江苏南京·中考真题）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。 ( so      what about       practise      reading       nobody ) Kitty: Hi Lily, I’m Kitty. Do you think pronunciation is important? Lily: Yes, it’s very important. You can learn new words and phrases, but if you get pronunciation wrong, 1 will understand you. Kitty: And 2 grammar? Should we spend our time learning grammar? Lily: Grammar is important, but you should learn new words and phrases, too. You should also 3 speaking, listening, reading and writing in English. Kitty: Do you suggest 4 graded texts or texts for English speakers? Lily: It’s important to read at the right level for you, 5 I suggest graded texts. And remember that you won’t understand every word. The more you read, the more you’ll understand. A （2025·江苏南京·三模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 ( friendship, along with, abroad, finally, reminded, foreign ) For Chinese students, you must be familiar with writing letters in English exams to a 1 pen pal which begin with “I’m Li Hua”. These letters would traditionally include a hopeful line, “I am looking forward to your reply.” Now, they 2 get replies. Among them, one came from Miranda from the UK. She sent a post on Xiaohongshu, 3 a letter of her handwritten reply in Chinese characters. Her letter reads: “My dearest Li Hua, I’m sorry for taking so long to write back. I am happy to know that even if we never meet, we will always be friends. Thanks for your letter and 4 ! Your pen pal, Miranda.” Writing the letter is a way of connecting with others from different cultures and it also creates new relations. Many said it made them feel happy and 5 them of their youth. B （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。 Nanjing, with its rich history and culture, has long inspired great minds. The experiences Wu Cheng’en had here left a lasting mark on his writing. ( ideas    influence    times    was published    based on ) Have you heard of the latest game Black Myth: Wukong? The Monkey King in it looks really powerful. Interestingly, the game is 1 Journey to the West, a famous novel written by Wu Cheng’en. Many people think Journey to the West is just an old legend, but Wu Cheng’en turned these ancient stories into a great novel. He lived in Nanjing for twenty years and took the imperial exam three 2 without success. Although he had bad luck with exams, he later worked at the Imperial College. There, he read many books and used his 3 to write his stories. It’s unclear whether he completed the novel while living in Nanjing, but the city clearly had a deep 4 on his work. There is a lot of Nanjing dialect and culture in the story. This shows how important his years in Nanjing were to his writing. It is said that Journey to the West 5 for the first time in Sanshanjie in 1592, which was ten years after Wu Cheng’en’s death. Over time, his story became a classic in Chinese literature and is still loved by many readers today. C （2025·江苏南京·二模） ( scissors     adults     as important as     check     include )根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 Congratulations! You tried out for the school’s first aid team, and you made it. Learning how to use a first aid kit is just 1 having one. A basic first aid kit should 2 the following items: bandages of different sizes for cuts, antiseptic wipes (消毒湿巾) to clean wounds, 3 for cutting bandages (绷带), and gloves to protect both the helper and the wounded person and so on. Remember to 4 your first aid kit regularly. Keep your kit in an easy-to-find place that 5 and older children can reach quickly, but make sure it’s stored safely away from small children. D （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确。 ( directly      make sure      had better      if      pay close attention to ) Preparing for an exam can be stressful, but it doesn’t have to be. First, you 1 ask your teacher about the test material. One of the easiest ways to begin your studying is to find out what is on the test 2 from your teacher. Knowing which material the test will cover will help you 3 the main material. Then, 4 you have more than enough time to go over the material. For example, 5 you have to go over material for a whole term, you might need to start studying a few weeks earlier. In this way, you can receive better grades without having to spend more time studying. E （2025·江苏南京·二模） 请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 ( the importance of      against      personal      how      like ) China is making big efforts to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” plan from 2024—2027 to fight 1 obesity (肥胖). It hopes to help people understand 2 managing their weight and living healthily. The plan has many parts. First, the government will teach people more about 3 to manage their weight. This means telling people to eat healthily, exercise more, and know the truth about losing weight. Doctors and health groups will help share the correct information. Second, the plan supports making smart tools that can watch people’s weight. It also wants to use AI to give people advice on 4 health plans. By 2030, China hopes to deal with the increase in obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect—just start with small changes, 5 drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs instead of the lift. With these easy steps, everyone can have a healthier future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $