Unit 5 课时1 Starting out & 词汇（分层作业）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules? 课时1 Starting out &Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅰ） 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 opposite prep. 在 …… 的对面 packet n. （ 装商品 的）小包，小盒， picnic n. 野餐 smelly adj. 有臭味的 cheese n. 干酪，奶酪 noise n. 噪声 reduce n. 缩小，减少 kick v. 踢 seat n. 座位 passenger n. 乘客 anything pron. 任何食物都（没有） fool n. 蠢人，傻子 sign n. 标记 throat n. 喉咙 短语 daily life 日常生活 agree with 同意；赞同 follow a rule 遵守规则，服从规定 get on 上（飞机、火车、公共汽车等） take out 拿出，取出 in surprise 惊讶地 next to 在 … 旁边，紧挨着 of course 当然 a mountain of 大量的，堆积如山的 come from ＝ be from 来自 come on 别逗了，算了吧，得了吧 turn around 转身 look after ＝ take care of 照顾，照料 not just … but also … 不仅仅 … 而且 … take a deep breath 深吸一口气 clear one ’ s throat （尤指说话前或为引人注意而）清清嗓子 用法归纳 in order to do sth / so as to do sth 为了做某事 start doing ／ to do sth 开始做某事 have to do sth 不得不做某事 ask sb （ not ） to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事 ) 一、单项选择 1．We should keep quiet in the library ________ disturb others. A．so as not to B．in order that C．because of D．thanks to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该在图书馆保持安静，以免打扰别人。 考查词义辨析。so as not to为了不，后接动词原形；in order that为了，后接从句；because of因为，后接名词或名词短语；thanks to多亏，后接名词或名词短语。此处后接动词原形disturb，表示“为了不打扰别人”。故选A。 2．—Why did you ________ your notebook just now? —Because I wanted to write down the important information. A．take off B．take out C．take away D．take up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你刚才为什么拿出笔记本？——因为我想记下重要信息。 考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞，脱掉；take out拿出；take away拿走；take up占据，开始从事。根据“Because I wanted to write down the important information.”可知，是拿出笔记本写信息。故选B。 3．The old man lives alone, but his neighbors often help him ________ his garden. A．look at B．look for C．look after D．look like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老人独自生活，但他的邻居经常帮助他照料他的花园。 考查动词短语辨析。look at看；look for寻找；look after照顾；look like看起来像。根据上下文，邻居帮助老人照料花园，符合逻辑，故选C。 4．This story is ________ interesting ________ educational. All the children like it. A．either; or B．not just; but also C．neither; nor D．both; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个故事不仅有趣而且有教育意义。所有的孩子都喜欢它。 考查连词辨析。either...or...要么……要么……；not just...but also不仅……而且……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；D项搭配错误，both通常与and连用。根据句意可知，故事同时具有趣味性和教育性，且后句强调孩子们都喜欢，表示两者兼具，故选B。 5．Don’t ________ the little boy. He just made a small mistake. A．fool B．foolish C．honesty D．honest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要愚弄这个小男孩。他只是犯了个小错误。 考查动词和名词辨析。fool愚弄，动词；foolish愚蠢的，形容词；honesty诚实，名词；honest诚实的，形容词。Don’t后应接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式。此处应填入表示“愚弄”的动词，fool符合语境。故选A。 6．It’s important for everyone to ________ the rules in public places. A．follow B．break C．make D．change 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在公共场所，每个人都遵守规则是很重要的。 考查动词辨析。follow遵守；break违反；make制定；change改变。根据句意和常识，遵守规则是重要且正确的行为，故选A。 7．What a shock! I almost jumped up ________. A．in surprise B．in delight C．in luck D．in anger 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真让人震惊！我几乎惊讶地跳了起来。 考查介词短语辨析。in surprise惊讶地；in delight高兴地；in luck运气好；in anger愤怒地。根据“What a shock!”可知，此处表示“我”几乎惊讶得跳了起来，所以应该用in surprise。故选A。 8．—Emma, many people are talking about a TV drama. Do you know __________ about it? —Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight __________ bad people. A．something; for B．anything; for C．something; against D．anything; against 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——艾玛，很多人都在谈论一部电视剧。你知道这件事吗？——是的，它讲的是一个警察与坏人斗争的故事。 考查代词和介词辨析。something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于疑问句和否定句；for为了；against反对。根据“Do you know...about it?”可知，这是一般疑问句，所以第一空应用anything；根据“fight...bad people”可知，此处表示与坏人作斗争，fight against表示“与……作斗争”。故选D。 9．Please don’t make ________ noise during the class. It disturbs others while they are trying to study. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请不要在课堂上发出噪音。这会打扰其他正在学习的人。 考查冠词。make a noise“制造噪音”，是固定搭配。故选B。 10．She turns on the light ________ the book clearly. A．to see B．seeing C．saw D．see 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她打开灯以便看清楚那本书。 考查非谓语动词。see看见，结合句意，打开灯的目的是看清楚那本书，因此用动词不定式作目的状语，故选A。 二、单词拼写 11．Giving up smoking can r the risk of heart disease. 【答案】(r)educe 【详解】句意：戒烟可以降低患心脏病的风险。根据“Giving up smoking”和首字母“r”提示及常识可知，此处是指戒烟是公认的降低心脏病风险的有效方式；考查reduce“降低”，动词；空前有情态动词“can”，这里应用动词原形。故填(r)educe。 12．The boy k the ball so hard that it dropped into the river. 【答案】(k)icked 【详解】句意：男孩踢得太用力了，球掉进了河里。根据“The boy ... the ball so hard that it dropped into the river.”及首字母可知，此处指男孩踢球踢得很用力；kick“踢”，动词；再根据“it dropped into the river”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填(k)icked。 13．—Can I sit here? —I’m sorry you can’t. This is Amy’s s . 【答案】(s)eat 【详解】句意：——我能坐在这儿吗？——我很抱歉你不能。这是艾米的座位。根据“I’m sorry you can’t. This is Amy’s…”及首字母提示可知，答语表示不能入座，因此此处指“艾米的座位”。由“ Amy’s”可知，名词所有格后接名词单数形式，seat“座位”，名词，故填(s)eat。 14．You’d better drink some warm water if you have a sore (喉咙). 【答案】throat 【详解】句意：如果你喉咙痛，最好喝些温水。throat“喉咙”，have a sore throat“喉咙痛”。故填throat。 15．The food is so ['smeli]! I can’t stand it! 【答案】smelly 【详解】句意：这食物太臭了！我受不了了！根据音标['smeli]可知，此处应填形容词smelly，意为“有臭味的、难闻的”，在句中作表语。故填smelly。 16．I look at the [saɪnz] on the wall. 【答案】signs 【详解】句意：我看着墙上的标志。根据音标可知，此处是名词复数signs，意为“标志”。故填signs。 17．It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue /tʃiːz/. 【答案】cheese 【详解】句意：这就像坐在一堆蓝色奶酪旁边。根据音标可知，此处是单词cheese“奶酪”。故填cheese。 18．The man next to me took out food. It was like he was on a [pɪknɪk]. 【答案】picnic 【详解】句意：我旁边的那个人拿出了食物，就好像他在野餐一样。根据音标[pɪknɪk]可知，此处应填picnic“野餐”，on a picnic为固定短语，意为“在野餐”。故填picnic。 19．Don’t make so much n in the hallways! The students are having a class in the classroom now. 【答案】(n)oise 【详解】句意：别在走廊里弄出那么大的噪音！学生们现在正在教室里上课。根据“The students are having a class in the classroom now.”和首字母提示可知，此处指不要制造噪音；noise“噪音”，much后接不可数名词。故填(n)oise。 20．There are many p waiting for trains at Beijing Bei Railway Station every day. 【答案】(p)assengers 【详解】句意：每天都有许多乘客在北京北站等火车。根据“waiting for trains at Neijing Bei Railway Station”和首字母提示可知，此处指乘客，passenger“乘客，旅客”，是可数名词；根据“many”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填(p)assengers。 21．I’d like a （包）of salt(盐). 【答案】packet 【详解】句意：我想要一包盐。根据汉语可知，packet“包”，a+名词单数。故填packet。 22．A girl opposite him started (play) loud music on her phone. 【答案】playing/to play 【详解】句意：他对面有个女孩开始在手机上大声播放音乐。根据“started”可知，此处考查“开始做某事”的英文表达，可用“start to do sth.”或“start doing sth.”来表达。play“播放”，动词，其不定式为to play，其动名词为playing。故填playing/to play。 23．He asked the boy (stop), but it didn’t work. 【答案】to stop 【详解】句意：他要求那个男孩停下来，但这没有用。根据“asked the boy”可知，此处考查ask的用法“ask sb to do sth”，意为“要求某人做某事”，横线处需填动词不定式，stop“停止”，动词原形，其不定式形式为to stop。故填to stop。 24．It was such a shock. He felt (surprise). 【答案】surprised 【详解】句意：这真是令人震惊。他感到很惊讶。surprise“惊讶”，名词，空处位于感官动词felt后面用形容词作表语，主语he是人，用形容词surprised“惊讶的”。故填surprised。 25．He said he broke the flowerpot while (play) basketball. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：他说他是在打篮球的时候把花盆打碎的。根据“while”可知，此处表示“他在打篮球时”，空处表示动作正在进行，且句子主语He与动词play为主动关系，用现在分词形式playing。故填playing。 一、完成句子 1．你假期做了什么有趣的事吗？   Did you do on your holiday? 【答案】 anything interesting 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，句子 是一般疑问句，anything表示“某事/某物”，interesting意为“有趣的”，修饰不定代词时需置于其后，构成anything interesting“有趣的事”。故填anything；interesting。 2．超市的对面有一家银行。 is a bank the supermarket. 【答案】 There opposite 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，前半部分“有一家银行”需用“there be”句型表示“某地有某物”，句首首字母大写，故第一空填There；后半部分“在……对面”对应的介词是opposite，第二空填opposite。故填There；opposite。 3．当听到这个好消息时，她惊讶地跳了起来。 She when she heard the good news. 【答案】 jumped up in surprise 【详解】根据语境可知，这件事情已经发生，时态为一般过去时。“跳了起来”jump up，动词jump要用过去式jumped；“惊讶地”作状语修饰动词“jumped”，要用介词短语in surprise。故填jumped；up；in；surprise。 4．请帮我照看一下我的书包，我去买一瓶水。 Please help me my schoolbag. I’ll go to buy a bottle of water. 【答案】 look after 【详解】根据语境可知，此处表示“照看”，用“look after”。根据空前的“help me”可知，其后面接动词时常用原形（help sb. do sth.），表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填look；after。 5．他不仅会弹吉他，还会唱歌。 He can play the guitar sing. 【答案】 not only but also 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知，not only ... but also ...是固定结构，意为“不仅……还……”。故填not；only；but；also。 6．演讲前，她深呼吸了一下，让自己平静下来。 She to calm herself down before the speech. 【答案】 took a deep breath 【详解】根据语境可知，这件事情已经发生，时态为一般过去时。take a deep breath为固定短语，意为“深呼吸”。take的过去式是took，故填took；a；deep；breath。 7．我们在学校必须遵守规则。 We have to at school. 【答案】 follow the rules 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，follow the rules表示“遵守规则”，并且根据“have to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填follow；the；rules。 8．——我觉得莉莉是班级里最聪明的女生。 ——我同意你的观点。 —I think Lily is the cleverest girl in the class. —I you. 【答案】 agree with 【详解】agree with sb.“同意某人”；此处是一般现在时，主语是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，故填agree；with。 9．当我转身的时候，我发现有人正盯着我。 When I , I found someone staring at me. 【答案】 turned around 【详解】turn around“转身”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填turned；around。 10．当我上车的时候，我总是让老人先坐。(完成译句) When I the bus, I always make old people sit down first. 【答案】 get on 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“上车”，英文表达为get on，根据always可知，时态为一般现在时，主语I为第一人称，谓语动词用原形。故填get；on。 11．王雷鼓励更多的人在日常生活中遵守规则。 Wang Lei encourages more people to follow the rules in their lives. 【答案】daily/everyday 【详解】根据题干可知，daily/everyday可以表示“日常的”，在句中作定语。故填daily/everyday。 12．你反对哪些规定？ are you against? 【答案】 What rules 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“哪些规定”，英文表达为what rules；what位于句首，首字母大写。故填What；rules。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 “No rules, no order” is an old saying that tells us rules are 1 important. In our school, we have many rules to help us learn and grow together. First, we must arrive 2 school on time and wear the school uniform every day. In class, students need to listen 3 and raise hands before speaking. Also, we should finish homework carefully and respect 4 teachers and classmates. Moreover, our teachers always tell us not 5 in the hallways—running may cause problems or accidents. At home, my parents say I 6 finish homework first, or I can’t play games. I make my bed every morning and wash dishes after 7 meals. These rules help me get into good habits. I understand some students 8 really hard to keep all the rules these days but find it difficult. Let me give you some 9 . Everything might be difficult at the beginning, but 10 you follow the rules, you will see the changes. Rules help us become better, keep us safe and teach us responsibility. 1．A．a B．an C．/ 2．A．at B．on C．to 3．A．quiet B．quietly C．quietness 4．A．we B．ours C．our 5．A．run B．to run C．running 6．A．must B．can C．may 7．A．having B．have C．to have 8．A．tries B．tried C．are trying 9．A．advice B．advices C．advice’s 10．A．and B．if C．so 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了规则对于个人成长和社会秩序的重要性。 1．句意：“没有规矩，不成方圆”是一句古老的谚语，它告诉我们规则非常重要。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；/不填。important是形容词，在句中作表语，其前不需要加不定冠词a/an，此处应不填。故选C。 2．句意：首先，我们必须准时到达学校，并且每天穿校服。 at后接小地点；on后接具体时间或表面；to去。arrive at+小地点，school为小地点，此处应填at。故选A。 3．句意：在课堂上，学生们需要安静听讲，发言前要举手。 quiet安静的，形容词，修饰名词；quietly安静地，副词，修饰动词；quietness安静，名词。listen是动词，需用副词修饰，此处应填quietly。故选B。 4．句意：此外，我们应该认真完成作业，尊重我们的老师和同学。 we我们，主格，作主语；ours我们的，名词性物主代词，相当于“our+名词”；our我们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。teachers and classmates是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，此处应填our。故选C。 5．句意：而且，我们的老师总是告诉我们不要在走廊里跑——跑步可能会引发问题或事故。 run跑，动词原形；to run跑，动词不定式；running跑，动名词/现在分词。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，此处应填to run。故选B。 6．句意：在家里，我父母说我必须先完成作业，否则不能玩游戏。 must必须，表强制；can能、可以，表能力或许可；may可能、可以，表推测或许可。根据“or I can’t play games”可知，完成作业是强制要求，此处应填must。故选A。 7．句意：我每天早上整理床铺，饭后洗碗。 having动名词/现在分词；have动词原形；to have动词不定式。after是介词，后接动名词，此处应填having。故选A。 8．句意：我知道现在有些学生正在努力遵守所有规则，但觉得很难。 tries动词第三人称单数；tried过去式/过去分词；are trying现在进行时。根据“these days”可知，句子用现在进行时，表示一段时间内的动作，此处应填are trying。故选C。 9．句意：让我给你一些建议。 advice不可数名词，无复数形式，也不直接加’s表所有格；advices表述错误；advice’s表述错误。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，advice为不可数名词，此处应填advice。故选A。 10．句意：一开始每件事可能都很难，但如果你遵守规则，你会看到变化。 and和，表并列；if如果，表条件；so因此，表结果。根据“you follow the rules”是“you will see the changes”的条件可知，此处应填if。故选B。 二、完形填空 What do you think of the internet? Is it good or bad for us? The internet can do many kinds of work. For example, it can 1 us to solve a lot of problems quickly. Some problems are too 2 for us, but they are easy for the internet. People can even ask the internet some questions, and the internet can 3 them. The internet is so 4 that many parents buy computers or cellphones for their children. They hope 5 can help their children to improve their studies at school, 6 some children don’t do what their parents want them to do. They 7 cellphones to play games or watch films. So 8 parents think cellphones can’t help them to study but make them fall behind. In many factories, computers can do some work instead of workers, so many workers 9 their jobs. They think computers bring them a lot of trouble. Will the IT 10 bring trouble to people or will they bring people happiness? It will be decided by today’s students themselves! 1．A．find B．help C．know D．take 2．A．expensive B．important C．exciting D．difficult 3．A．answer B．follow C．become D．choose 4．A．small B．cheap C．useful D．heavy 5．A．teachers B．cellphones C．parents D．schools 6．A．so B．or C．and D．but 7．A．use B．buy C．pay D．win 8．A．our B．their C．your D．her 9．A．make B．come C．lose D．keep 10．A．really B．clearly C．loudly D．easily 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了因特网对人们生活的影响，既提到了其带来的便利，也指出了其可能带来的问题，最终强调因特网的好坏取决于人们如何使用它。 1．句意：例如，它可以帮助我们快速解决很多问题。 find找到；help帮助；know知道；take拿走。根据“solve a lot of problems quickly”可知，此处指因特网可以帮助我们快速解决问题，help sb. to do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，固定短语。故选B。 2．句意：有些问题对我们来说太难了，但对因特网来说却很容易。 expensive昂贵的；important重要的；exciting令人兴奋的；difficult困难的。根据“but they are easy for the internet”可知，此处指有些问题对我们来说太难了，但对因特网来说却很容易，difficult“困难的”，形容词作表语，符合语境。故选D。 3．句意：人们甚至可以向因特网问一些问题，因特网可以回答它们。 answer回答；follow跟随；become成为；choose选择。根据“People can even ask the internet some questions”可知，此处指因特网可以回答人们问的问题，answer“回答”，动词，符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：因特网非常有用，许多父母为他们的孩子购买电脑或手机。 small小的；cheap便宜的；useful有用的；heavy重的。根据“many parents buy computers or cellphones for their children”可知，许多父母为孩子买电脑或手机，说明因特网非常有用，useful“有用的”，形容词作表语，符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：他们希望手机能帮助他们的孩子提高在学校的学习成绩，但有些孩子并没有按照父母的要求去做。 teachers老师；cellphones手机；parents父母；schools学校。根据“many parents buy computers or cellphones for their children”以及“can help their children to improve their studies at school”可知，此处指父母希望手机能帮助孩子提高学习成绩，cellphones“手机”，名词作主语，符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：他们希望手机能帮助他们的孩子提高在学校的学习成绩，但有些孩子并没有按照父母的要求去做。 so因此；or或者；and和；but但是。根据“They hope...can help their children to improve their studies at school”以及“some children don’t do what their parents want them to do”可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，此处应用but“但是”连接。故选D。 7．句意：他们用手机玩游戏或看电影。 use使用；buy买；pay支付；win赢得。根据“to play games or watch films”可知，此处指孩子们用手机玩游戏或看电影，use...to do sth.“用……做某事”，固定短语。故选A。 8．句意：所以他们的父母认为手机不能帮助他们学习，反而使他们落后。 our我们的；their他们的；your你的；her她的。根据“some children don’t do what their parents want them to do”以及“parents think cellphones can’t help them to study but make them fall behind”可知，此处指那些没有按照父母要求去做的孩子们的父母，应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”修饰名词parents。故选B。 9．句意：在许多工厂里，计算机可以代替工人做一些工作，所以许多工人失去了工作。 make制作；come来；lose失去；keep保持。根据“computers can do some work instead of workers”可知，计算机可以代替工人做一些工作，所以许多工人会失去工作，lose“失去”，动词作谓语，符合语境。故选C。 10．句意：信息技术真的会给人们带来麻烦，还是会给人们带来幸福？ really真正地；clearly清楚地；loudly大声地；easily容易地。根据“bring trouble to people or will they bring people happiness”可知，此处指信息技术真的会给人们带来麻烦，还是会给人们带来幸福，really“真正地”，副词修饰动词bring，符合语境。故选A。 三、阅读理解 Exams are important to students, but some schools give their students too many exams. Study takes up too much of their time and many students don't have much time to sleep and exercise. 1 To make students have a happy and healthy life, China made some rules for schools. Under the rules, students of grades one and two don't need to take written exams（笔试）. 2 Students like the rules. They make them feel relaxed. 3 Their children now have a lot of time to play sports and join some clubs. 4 For example, teachers cannot give homework to children in first grade. Tutoring institutions（辅导机构）can't teach school subjects.  Schools have free after-school classes and students can finish their homework at school. 5 What do you think of the rules? A．It is not good for their health. B．Many parents think the rules are good, too. C．There are many other rules for China’s schools. D．China wants these rules to do good to the young children. E．Students of grades three to six only have one exam a term. F．Students still like to take all kinds of exams. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述考试对学生重要，但部分学校考试过多影响学生睡眠和锻炼，中国为让学生健康快乐生活给学校制定规则，以及规则内容和各方反应。   1．根据“Study takes up too much of their time and many students don’t have much time to sleep and exercise.（学习占据太多时间，很多学生没太多时间睡觉和锻炼）”，可推知这对健康不利，选项A“这对他们的健康不利”符合语境。故选A。 2．前文说“Under the rules, students of grades one and two don't need to take written exams（规则下，一二年级学生不用参加笔试）”，接着应说其他年级考试规则，选项E“三到六年级学生一学期只有一次考试”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Their children now have a lot of time to play sports and join some clubs.（他们的孩子现在有很多时间做运动、参加社团）”，可推知家长对规则认可，选项B“很多家长也认为这些规则很好”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“For example, teachers cannot give homework to children in first grade...（比如，老师不能给一年级孩子布置作业…… ）”，是在举例说其他规则，选项C“中国学校还有很多其他规则”符合语境。故选C。 5．后文问“What do you think of the rules?（你觉得这些规则怎样？）”，前文应说制定规则的目的，选项D“中国希望这些规则对孩子有好处”符合语境。故选D。 Rules are everywhere. When you’re reading in the library, playing basketball in the playground or driving on the road, you’ll have to follow some rules. But have you ever read any rules on a plane? If you’re traveling by air in America, you may find the following criteria (标准). If you are sitting in an exit seat, read the information below.You must: ●Be at least 15 years old and healthy enough to offer help. ●Be able to speak, read and understand English well. ●Be able to follow a safe way from the emergency exit. ●Be able to help others away from the plane. You must not: ●Travel with a pet, such as a dog. ●Travel with someone that needs special care, such as a child. If you cannot meet the criteria, ask crew members (机组人员) to move you to another seat. You do not have to explain why. Just say, “I do not want to sit in an exit seat.” 1．The passenger sitting in an exit seat ________. A．must be under 15 B．doesn’t need to speak English C．must be healthy enough D．doesn’t need to help others 2．When you sit in an exit seat, you can’t ________. A．speak with others B．take your pet C．read books D．listen to music 3．If you don’t want to sit in an exit seat, what should you do? A．Find a new seat on your own. B．Leave your plane and take another one. C．Ask a crew member to change your seat. D．Move to a seat at the back of the plane. 4．This piece of Exit Seat Criteria may appear ________. A．in the playground B．on a train C．on the road D．on a plane 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Rules on a Plane B．A Trip to America C．How to Help Others on a Plane D．Special Care on a Plane 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了在飞机上坐在出口座位需要遵守的规定。 1． 细节理解题。根据“You must”中的“healthy enough to offer help”可知，坐在出口座位的乘客要足够健康。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You must not”中的“Travel with a pet”可知，坐在出口座位的乘客不能带宠物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“If you cannot meet the criteria, ask crew members (机组人员) to move you to another seat. ”可知，如果你不想坐在出口座位，可以找机组人员给你换一个座位。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“If you’re traveling by air in America”可知，这些标准是针对飞机的，因此可能出现在飞机上。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了在飞机上坐在出口座位需要遵守的规定。故选A。 Is the Internet good or bad? It’s always a hot topic in our daily life. Different people may have different answers. Since the Internet came into being, it brought us pleasure and tears. Today, let’s take a look at some things that are disappearing as the Internet grows up. When modern people need to record some important things quickly, they don’t find a pen and a piece of paper to write, but to open their mobile phone or computer to record. As a result, it’s common for many people to “pick up the pen but forget words”. Perhaps, in a few years, will pen and paper disappear? As people more and more lose themselves in the online world, the real-looking photos disappear and you can only watch the beautiful pictures on the Internet. If one day you send a real (真实的) photo in your circle of friends, others will even think if it is a photo to make fun of. Now everyone can get digital (数字的) maps in a few seconds by using computers or mobile phones. They are easy and fast for users. Do you remember the last time to look at a paper map? After a busy day for the whole family, people used to watch TV together, share information and express feelings. Nowadays, at home, a person with a mobile phone is the whole world. 1．How do people record anything important now? A．By sticking it on the wall. B．By writing it on the paper. C．By remembering it in mind. D．By using the mobile phone or computer. 2．Which of the following best describes (描述) most photos online now? A．Funny and true. B．Beautiful but not real. C．Ugly but true. D．Wonderful but not perfect. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer (指代) to in the fifth paragraph? A．Computers. B．Mobile phones. C．Digital maps. D．Paper maps. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A．①/②/③④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥ 5．After reading the text, what can you infer (推断)? A．Most people think the Internet is good. B．The paper maps aren’t useful since they appear. C．People don’t need to learn how to write the words now. D．People prefer playing with the mobile phone instead of talking with families. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“互联网是好是坏”这一热门话题为引入，指出互联网的发展带来了欢乐也带来了影响，随后具体介绍了随着互联网发展正逐渐消失的事物，包括笔和纸、真实照片、纸质地图以及家庭成员共同看电视的时光。 1．细节理解题。根据“When modern people need to record some important things quickly, they don’t find a pen and a piece of paper to write, but to open their mobile phone or computer to record.”可知，现在人们通过使用手机或电脑记录重要事情，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“the real-looking photos disappear and you can only watch the beautiful pictures on the Internet. If one day you send a real photo in your circle of friends, others will even think if it is a photo to make fun of.”可知，现在网上的大多数照片是美丽但不真实的，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Now everyone can get digital maps in a few seconds by using computers or mobile phones. They are easy and fast for users.”可知，前一句提到“数字地图”，后一句描述“它们对用户来说简单又快捷”，由此可判断“They”指代“数字地图”，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据根据文章内容：①段以“互联网是好是坏”的热门话题引入，提及互联网带来欢乐与影响；②段提出核心观点——介绍随着互联网发展正逐渐消失的事物；③段讲笔和纸的消失，④段讲真实照片的消失，⑤段讲纸质地图的消失，⑥段讲家庭成员共同看电视时光的消失。即①段引入，②段总起，③④⑤⑥段分述，结构对应“①/②/③④⑤⑥”，故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“After a busy day for the whole family, people used to watch TV together, share information and express feelings. Nowadays, at home, a person with a mobile phone is the whole world.”可知，过去家人一起看电视交流，现在人们在家沉迷手机，可推断人们更喜欢玩手机而非与家人交流，D选项表述正确，故选D。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Play by the rules? 课时1 Starting out &Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅰ） 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 opposite prep. 在 …… 的对面 packet n. （ 装商品 的）小包，小盒， picnic n. 野餐 smelly adj. 有臭味的 cheese n. 干酪，奶酪 noise n. 噪声 reduce n. 缩小，减少 kick v. 踢 seat n. 座位 passenger n. 乘客 anything pron. 任何食物都（没有） fool n. 蠢人，傻子 sign n. 标记 throat n. 喉咙 短语 daily life 日常生活 agree with 同意；赞同 follow a rule 遵守规则，服从规定 get on 上（飞机、火车、公共汽车等） take out 拿出，取出 in surprise 惊讶地 next to 在 … 旁边，紧挨着 of course 当然 a mountain of 大量的，堆积如山的 come from ＝ be from 来自 come on 别逗了，算了吧，得了吧 turn around 转身 look after ＝ take care of 照顾，照料 not just … but also … 不仅仅 … 而且 … take a deep breath 深吸一口气 clear one ’ s throat （尤指说话前或为引人注意而）清清嗓子 用法归纳 in order to do sth / so as to do sth 为了做某事 start doing ／ to do sth 开始做某事 have to do sth 不得不做某事 ask sb （ not ） to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事 ) 一、单项选择 1．We should keep quiet in the library ________ disturb others. A．so as not to B．in order that C．because of D．thanks to 2．—Why did you ________ your notebook just now? —Because I wanted to write down the important information. A．take off B．take out C．take away D．take up 3．The old man lives alone, but his neighbors often help him ________ his garden. A．look at B．look for C．look after D．look like 4．This story is ________ interesting ________ educational. All the children like it. A．either; or B．not just; but also C．neither; nor D．both; or 5．Don’t ________ the little boy. He just made a small mistake. A．fool B．foolish C．honesty D．honest 6．It’s important for everyone to ________ the rules in public places. A．follow B．break C．make D．change 7．What a shock! I almost jumped up ________. A．in surprise B．in delight C．in luck D．in anger 8．—Emma, many people are talking about a TV drama. Do you know __________ about it? —Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight __________ bad people. A．something; for B．anything; for C．something; against D．anything; against 9．Please don’t make ________ noise during the class. It disturbs others while they are trying to study. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 10．She turns on the light ________ the book clearly. A．to see B．seeing C．saw D．see 二、单词拼写 11．Giving up smoking can r the risk of heart disease. 12．The boy k the ball so hard that it dropped into the river. 13．—Can I sit here? —I’m sorry you can’t. This is Amy’s s . 14．You’d better drink some warm water if you have a sore (喉咙). 15．The food is so ['smeli]! I can’t stand it! 16．I look at the [saɪnz] on the wall. 17．It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue /tʃiːz/. 18．The man next to me took out food. It was like he was on a [pɪknɪk]. 19．Don’t make so much n in the hallways! The students are having a class in the classroom now. 20．There are many p waiting for trains at Beijing Bei Railway Station every day. 21．I’d like a （包）of salt(盐). 22．A girl opposite him started (play) loud music on her phone. 23．He asked the boy (stop), but it didn’t work. 24．It was such a shock. He felt (surprise). 25．He said he broke the flowerpot while (play) basketball. 一、完成句子 1．你假期做了什么有趣的事吗？   Did you do on your holiday? 2．超市的对面有一家银行。 is a bank the supermarket. 3．当听到这个好消息时，她惊讶地跳了起来。 She when she heard the good news. 4．请帮我照看一下我的书包，我去买一瓶水。 Please help me my schoolbag. I’ll go to buy a bottle of water. 5．他不仅会弹吉他，还会唱歌。 He can play the guitar sing. 6．演讲前，她深呼吸了一下，让自己平静下来。 She to calm herself down before the speech. 7．我们在学校必须遵守规则。 We have to at school. 8．——我觉得莉莉是班级里最聪明的女生。 ——我同意你的观点。 —I think Lily is the cleverest girl in the class. —I you. 9．当我转身的时候，我发现有人正盯着我。 When I , I found someone staring at me. 10．当我上车的时候，我总是让老人先坐。(完成译句) When I the bus, I always make old people sit down first. 11．王雷鼓励更多的人在日常生活中遵守规则。 Wang Lei encourages more people to follow the rules in their lives. 12．你反对哪些规定？ are you against? 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 “No rules, no order” is an old saying that tells us rules are 1 important. In our school, we have many rules to help us learn and grow together. First, we must arrive 2 school on time and wear the school uniform every day. In class, students need to listen 3 and raise hands before speaking. Also, we should finish homework carefully and respect 4 teachers and classmates. Moreover, our teachers always tell us not 5 in the hallways—running may cause problems or accidents. At home, my parents say I 6 finish homework first, or I can’t play games. I make my bed every morning and wash dishes after 7 meals. These rules help me get into good habits. I understand some students 8 really hard to keep all the rules these days but find it difficult. Let me give you some 9 . Everything might be difficult at the beginning, but 10 you follow the rules, you will see the changes. Rules help us become better, keep us safe and teach us responsibility. 1．A．a B．an C．/ 2．A．at B．on C．to 3．A．quiet B．quietly C．quietness 4．A．we B．ours C．our 5．A．run B．to run C．running 6．A．must B．can C．may 7．A．having B．have C．to have 8．A．tries B．tried C．are trying 9．A．advice B．advices C．advice’s 10．A．and B．if C．so 二、完形填空 What do you think of the internet? Is it good or bad for us? The internet can do many kinds of work. For example, it can 1 us to solve a lot of problems quickly. Some problems are too 2 for us, but they are easy for the internet. People can even ask the internet some questions, and the internet can 3 them. The internet is so 4 that many parents buy computers or cellphones for their children. They hope 5 can help their children to improve their studies at school, 6 some children don’t do what their parents want them to do. They 7 cellphones to play games or watch films. So 8 parents think cellphones can’t help them to study but make them fall behind. In many factories, computers can do some work instead of workers, so many workers 9 their jobs. They think computers bring them a lot of trouble. Will the IT 10 bring trouble to people or will they bring people happiness? It will be decided by today’s students themselves! 1．A．find B．help C．know D．take 2．A．expensive B．important C．exciting D．difficult 3．A．answer B．follow C．become D．choose 4．A．small B．cheap C．useful D．heavy 5．A．teachers B．cellphones C．parents D．schools 6．A．so B．or C．and D．but 7．A．use B．buy C．pay D．win 8．A．our B．their C．your D．her 9．A．make B．come C．lose D．keep 10．A．really B．clearly C．loudly D．easily 三、阅读理解 Exams are important to students, but some schools give their students too many exams. Study takes up too much of their time and many students don't have much time to sleep and exercise. 1 To make students have a happy and healthy life, China made some rules for schools. Under the rules, students of grades one and two don't need to take written exams（笔试）. 2 Students like the rules. They make them feel relaxed. 3 Their children now have a lot of time to play sports and join some clubs. 4 For example, teachers cannot give homework to children in first grade. Tutoring institutions（辅导机构）can't teach school subjects.  Schools have free after-school classes and students can finish their homework at school. 5 What do you think of the rules? A．It is not good for their health. B．Many parents think the rules are good, too. C．There are many other rules for China’s schools. D．China wants these rules to do good to the young children. E．Students of grades three to six only have one exam a term. F．Students still like to take all kinds of exams. Rules are everywhere. When you’re reading in the library, playing basketball in the playground or driving on the road, you’ll have to follow some rules. But have you ever read any rules on a plane? If you’re traveling by air in America, you may find the following criteria (标准). If you are sitting in an exit seat, read the information below.You must: ●Be at least 15 years old and healthy enough to offer help. ●Be able to speak, read and understand English well. ●Be able to follow a safe way from the emergency exit. ●Be able to help others away from the plane. You must not: ●Travel with a pet, such as a dog. ●Travel with someone that needs special care, such as a child. If you cannot meet the criteria, ask crew members (机组人员) to move you to another seat. You do not have to explain why. Just say, “I do not want to sit in an exit seat.” 1．The passenger sitting in an exit seat ________. A．must be under 15 B．doesn’t need to speak English C．must be healthy enough D．doesn’t need to help others 2．When you sit in an exit seat, you can’t ________. A．speak with others B．take your pet C．read books D．listen to music 3．If you don’t want to sit in an exit seat, what should you do? A．Find a new seat on your own. B．Leave your plane and take another one. C．Ask a crew member to change your seat. D．Move to a seat at the back of the plane. 4．This piece of Exit Seat Criteria may appear ________. A．in the playground B．on a train C．on the road D．on a plane 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Rules on a Plane B．A Trip to America C．How to Help Others on a Plane D．Special Care on a Plane Is the Internet good or bad? It’s always a hot topic in our daily life. Different people may have different answers. Since the Internet came into being, it brought us pleasure and tears. Today, let’s take a look at some things that are disappearing as the Internet grows up. When modern people need to record some important things quickly, they don’t find a pen and a piece of paper to write, but to open their mobile phone or computer to record. As a result, it’s common for many people to “pick up the pen but forget words”. Perhaps, in a few years, will pen and paper disappear? As people more and more lose themselves in the online world, the real-looking photos disappear and you can only watch the beautiful pictures on the Internet. If one day you send a real (真实的) photo in your circle of friends, others will even think if it is a photo to make fun of. Now everyone can get digital (数字的) maps in a few seconds by using computers or mobile phones. They are easy and fast for users. Do you remember the last time to look at a paper map? After a busy day for the whole family, people used to watch TV together, share information and express feelings. Nowadays, at home, a person with a mobile phone is the whole world. 1．How do people record anything important now? A．By sticking it on the wall. B．By writing it on the paper. C．By remembering it in mind. D．By using the mobile phone or computer. 2．Which of the following best describes (描述) most photos online now? A．Funny and true. B．Beautiful but not real. C．Ugly but true. D．Wonderful but not perfect. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer (指代) to in the fifth paragraph? A．Computers. B．Mobile phones. C．Digital maps. D．Paper maps. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A．①/②/③④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥ 5．After reading the text, what can you infer (推断)? A．Most people think the Internet is good. B．The paper maps aren’t useful since they appear. C．People don’t need to learn how to write the words now. D．People prefer playing with the mobile phone instead of talking with families. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $