选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 Exploring poetry-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word（译林版）

UNIT 4　Exploring poetry 阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.barren adj.贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的 2.dimension n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维 3.rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 4.era n.时代，年代 5.district n.区，行政区；地区，区域 6.hence adv.因此，由此 7.Confucianism n.儒家，儒学，孔子学说 8.liberty n.自由 9.vitality n.生命力，活力，热情 10.allowance n.津贴，补助；限额；零花钱 教材例句 11.（人教选必一）While it is easy to perceive when students are interested， bored， or distracted， it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. vt.注意到，意识到 12.（北师大选必二）As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded，she asked more and more questions.This soon led her to discover more complex words and changed her thinking process. adj.复杂的，难懂的 写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.dig up clues 挖掘线索 2.the caged bird 笼中鸟 3.defend one’s claims 捍卫自己的所有权 4.the inner voice 内心的声音 5.thick mist 浓雾 6.an ideal getaway 理想的度假胜地 7.undergo a painful time 经历一段痛苦的时光 8.advocate the use of bikes提倡使用自行车 9.sharp bends 急转弯 10.daren’t tell a lie不敢撒谎 11.striking imagination 惊人的想象力 12.encounter problems with personal safety 遭遇人身安全问题 13.numerous television commercials大量的电视广告 14.get into debt 负债 15.distinguish one twin from the other分辨双胞胎 16.with some ground frost 部分地面有霜冻 17.blame it on you把责任归咎于你 18.harsh and unforgiving苛刻无情的 19.remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners 电视机和空调遥控器 20.put aside money 把钱存起来 21. reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n.奖励，回报；悬赏金 ①the reward for perseverance锲而不舍的回报 ②a reward for good behaviour优秀行为奖 ③I must admit， it was a challenging task to balance the colors and the lighting， but the result was truly rewarding. 我必须承认，平衡颜色和光线是一项具有挑战性的任务，但结果确实是值得的。 22.owe vt.欠（情）；欠（债）；应该把……归功于 ①owe me a favour 欠我一个人情 ②owe their success to hard work 把他们的成功归功于辛苦付出 23.cast vt.（cast， cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投，抛；选派角色 n.全体演员；投，抛 ①cast a welcoming smile 微笑以示欢迎 ②cast an orange sunshine over the mountains 橘红色的阳光辉映着群山 ③the whole cast in the film 电影中的全体演员 语境记忆 24.frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 I knew I should run after Judy and apologize， but with my mind blank， I was frozen. 我知道我应该追上朱迪道歉，但我脑子一片空白，僵住了。 25.grasp n.理解，领会；抓紧（seize），握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 Youth offers me a good chance to have a better grasp of the latest news at home and abroad.（投稿） 《青春》给我提供了一个更好掌握国内外最新时事的机会。 派生词汇识记 1.detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→detective n.侦探→detector n.探测器 2.imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n.含义；暗示；影响 3.contradict vt.反驳；相矛盾→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 4.interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→interpreter n.口译员→interpretation n.解释；理解；演绎 5.patience n.耐心，忍耐力→patient adj.忍耐的；耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地 6.constant adj.持续不断的→constantly adv.始终，一直；不断地 7.logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地 8.reality n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→real adj.真正的；确实的；真实存在的→really adv.真正地；实际上 9.novelist n.小说家→novel n.小说 adj.新颖的 10.industry n.工业→industrial adj.工业的→industrialize vt.使工业化→industrialization n.工业化 11.belief n.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→believe v.相信；认为真实→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 12.character n.品质，特性；特征；人物，角色→characterize/characterise vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 13.stability n.稳定（性），稳固（性）→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→stably adv.稳定地 14.tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→tolerate vt.容忍→tolerance n.容忍 15.distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的 16.representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表→represent vt.代表；描绘 17.fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的，吸引人的→fascinated adj.着迷的，入迷的；极感兴趣的 1.盘点含后缀-ize的动词 ①character→characterize 是……的特征 ②apology→apologize 道歉 ③emphasis→emphasize 强调 ④memory→memorize 记住 ⑤modern→modernize 使现代化 ⑥standard→standardize 使标准化 ⑦symbol→symbolize 用符号代表 2.聚焦“诗歌”相关词 ①poem n.诗 ②poetry n.诗（总称）；诗意 ③poet n.诗人 ④lyric n.抒情诗 ⑤rhyme n.韵；押韵；押韵的词 ⑥tone n.语气；音调 ⑦repetition n.重复；循环 ⑧background n.背景 3.end相关短语集锦 ①in the end最后，终于 ②on end连续地；竖直地 ③at the end of在……的尽头 ④by the end of到……结束时 ⑤make ends meet量入为出 ⑥使某事结束 1.dig up　发现，搜集，查明 2.set sth aside　　把……放一边；留出 3.break with sth　　与某事终止关联，破除 4.reach out for　　伸手去拿 5.long for　　渴望 6.out of place　　不合适的；不相称的 7.breathe vitality into　　给……注入活力 8.be fascinated by　　被……迷住/被……深深吸引 9.stick out　　突出；坚持；醒目 10.make all the difference　　大不相同；关系重大 11.make allowance for　　体谅；考虑到，估计到 12.for fear of　　为了避免，唯恐 13.be rooted in　　植根于 14.fill up　　填满 15.familiarize oneself with　　让自己熟悉 16.be inseparable from　　与……密不可分 17.in the end　　终于，最后 18.pay attention to　　注意；重视；留心；注意到 19.as long as　　只要 20.be representative of　　是……的代表，是……的典型 21.be recognized as　　被视为……，被认为是…… 22.beyond one’s grasp　　超出某人的理解 23.go beyond normal reality 　　超出正常的现实范畴 24.of different schools　　不同学派的 25.in one’s early twenties　　在某人二十岁出头的时候 1.句式：as if/as though引导的从句中的虚拟语气 原句：Second， approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，要像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者一样来读这首诗。 2.句式：主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式 原句：Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的其含义的诗常常更加有趣。 3.句式：as long as 引导条件状语从句 原句：As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning，it will have been worth your effort. 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。 4.句式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that ... 原句：It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。 5.句式：过去分词短语作状语 原句：Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel， Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. 在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下，李白二十几岁便离开家去周游。 6.句式：with介词短语作原因状语 原句：With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language， Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. 超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通，使李白被公认为是继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。 　　When I was a baby，my mother used to read me nursery rhymes.They may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.Slowly，with me growing up， I fell in love with poetry.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.Interpreting poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning，to understand a poem is so difficult that I want to abandon，but I know I will not be rewarded immediately.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig up a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries. （一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快 阅读单词知意 请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。 □1.barren adj.贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的 □2.dimension n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维 □3.rhyme n.押韵词；押韵vt.使押韵 vi.和……同韵 □4.interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎vi.口译 □5.perceive vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为 □6.rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 □7.era n.时代，年代 □8.district n.区，行政区；地区，区域 □9.hence adv.因此，由此 □10.Confucianism n.儒家，儒学，孔子学说 □11.liberty n.自由 □12.vitality n.生命力，活力，热情 □13.entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格 □14.allowance n.津贴，补助；限额；零花钱 核心单词练通 1.　complex　 adj.复杂的，难懂的 n.建筑群；复合体；情结 2.　clue　 n.线索，提示；迹象 3.　cage　 vt.把（动物）关在笼中 n.笼子 4.　aside　 adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外 5.　remote　 adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的 6.　inner　 adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的 7.　mist　 n.薄雾，水汽 8.　ideal n.理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的 9.　bend　 vi.& vt.（bent，bent） （使）拐弯，弯曲n.拐弯，弯道 10.　striking　 adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的 11.　encounter　 vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到n.相遇，遭遇，冲突 12.　numerous　 adj.众多的，许多的 13.　glorious　 adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的 14.　boom　 n.（贸易和经济活动的）激增，繁荣 vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛 15.　frost　 n.霜；霜冻，严寒天气 16.　cast　 vt.（cast，cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投，抛；选派角色 n.全体演员；投，抛 17.　debt　 n.人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务 18.　unforgiving　 adj.棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的 单词拼写 1.（2024·全国甲卷）Chinese transport has 　undergone　 （经历） remarkable transformations， giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling. 2.（人教必修三）They reflect people’s wishes， 　beliefs　 （信仰）， faiths， and attitudes towards life. 3.（外研必修二）But there are still some dishes that Dad 　dare　 （敢于） not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 4.（北师大选必四）“You’re not eating anything，” said Marilla sharply， eyeing her as if it were a serious problem.Anne 　sighed　 （叹息）. 5.I am not afraid of making mistakes and 　grasp　 （抓住） every opportunity to improve myself. 6.Our school 　advocates　 （倡议） that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus. 7.The company 　claims　 （声称） that their products can make you slim without dieting. 8.　Blamed　 （责备） by his teacher， the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study. 9.The man 　owed　 （归功于） all his achievements to the encouragement and help from his friends. 10.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be 　rewarded　 （奖励） with seven drops of water or juice. 拓展单词用活 记全记牢 1.　frozen　 adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→　freeze　 vt.& vi.（使）冻结，结冰；冷藏→　freezing　 adj.严寒的，冰冻的 2.　imply　 vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→　implication　 n.含义；暗示；影响 3.　detect　 vt.发现，查明，侦察出→　detective　 n.侦探→　detector　 n.探测器 4.　interpret　 vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→　interpreter　 n.口译员→　interpretation　 n.解释；理解；演绎 5.　logical　 adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→　logically　 adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地→　logic　 n.逻辑；推理方法 6.　characterize　 vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画→　character　 n.特征；人物，角色；特点；性格；文字，字母；品质 7.　stability　 n.稳定（性），稳固（性）→　stable　 adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→　stably　 adv.稳定地 用准用活 1.Many top 　representatives　 took part in the conference.Li Hua 　represented　 his company to give an impressive speech at the meeting.（represent） 2.In the court the witnesses gave two completely 　contradictory　 accounts.That is to say， their statements 　contradicted　 each other.（contradict） 3.Although the 　patient　 was out of 　patience　， the nurse was still 　patient　 with her work and did it 　patiently　.（patient） 4.The 　distinguished　 scientist told the youngsters it was important to 　distinguish　 reality from one’s dreams.（distinguish） 5.I’m reading a 　novel　 The Mill on the Floss， which was written by the famous 　novelist　， George Eliot.（novel） 6.I have a very 　tolerant　 attitude towards others.However， there is a limit to what one person can 　tolerate　， so don’t challenge my 　tolerance　.（tolerate） 7.The place of interest is so 　fascinating　 that many tourists are 　fascinated　 by its beautiful scenery.（fascinate） 8.My friend 　constantly　 accompanied me to the gym， and without his 　constant　 company， I may have given up working out halfway.（constant） 9.Her childhood dream became a 　reality　， which 　really　 made her parents proud of her.（real） （二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效 第一组 1.　dig up　 　发现，搜集，查明；平整土地 2.　set sth aside　　　把……放一边；留出 3.　break with sth　　　与某事终止关联，破除 4.　reach out for　　　伸手去拿 5.　long for　　　渴望 6.　out of place　　　不合适的；不相称的 7.　breathe vitality into　　　给……注入活力 8.　be fascinated by　　　被……迷住/深深吸引 第二组 1.　stick out　　突出；坚持；醒目 2.　make a difference　　　有影响，起作用 3.　make allowance for　　　体谅；考虑到，估计到 4.　for fear of　　　为了避免，唯恐 5.　be rooted in　　　植根于 6.　fill up　 　　填满 7.　familiarize oneself with　　　让自己熟悉 8.　pay attention to　　　注意；重视；留心；注意到 选用上面短语填空 1.（人教选必二）British people 　are fascinated by　 our culture and eager to learn more about it， so I’m keen to share my culture with them. 2.（外研必修一）Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends， the meaning of friendship and our 　longing for　 friends remain the same. 3.Some of these books are 　out of place　， making the whole room messy. 4.When we’re planning for a trip， we should 　make allowance for　 the weather. 5.As you grow wiser， you should 　break with　 your old ideas. 6.Language learning should 　be rooted in　 reality， the world and the future. 7.I try to 　set aside　 a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework， though I am very busy. 8.If he was able to get others’ encouragement， it would 　make a difference　 to him. 9.You must 　familiarize yourself with　 the procedures before you start your work. 10.I remember my parents 　dug up　 the waste land as our garden and planted some vegetables to support our family. （三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高 句型公式 句式仿写 1.句型公式：as if/as though引导的从句中的虚拟语气 教材原句：Second， approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 1.我们本来高兴地坐在那里看报纸，这时突然很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！ We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers， when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet 　as if we had showered　 with our clothes on！ 2.句型公式：when引导的定语从句 教材原句：It was a time when many painters， musicians， novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways. 2.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）这不仅仅是一堂美术课，而是一个激发我创造力的时刻，让我发现生活中充满了美。 It was not just an art class but an occasion 　when my creativity was sparked　 and I found life is full of beauty. 句型公式 句式仿写 3.句型公式：过去进行时的被动语态 教材原句：Large factories were being built and people were made to work long hours. 3.去年运动会被取消了，因为体育场正在建设中。 The sports meeting was cancelled last year， because the stadium 　was being built　. 4.句型公式：表语位于句首引起的倒装 教材原句：Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings， which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes，and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets. 4.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）科学分组对于提高口语练习的效果非常重要。 Very important for improving the effectiveness of oral practice 　is scientific grouping　. Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破 　　Tim has a happy family with all the members ❶　　　　 （live） in harmony.As a child， his parents advocated his taking up writing.At first， his composition was ❷far from satisfactory.However， no one blamed him.To his joy， he earned the encouragement of his teachers and then that of his classmates.Tim often went to bed late， his hands frozen.They told him that it’s important to distinguish fact from fiction.But later he was devoted to observing and thinking.As a consequence， his first novel became ❸a big hit.❹When he was interviewed， he owed his success to diligence rather than intelligence. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　living　，此处相当于定语从句who live in harmony。 2.②处far from意为“　一点也不　”，相当于not at all。 3.③处a big hit意为“　非常受欢迎　”。 4.④处When he was interviewed的省略形式为　When interviewed　。 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n.拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①I advocate that we 　should strengthen　 （strengthen） our sense of duty to preserve our planet from being hurt. 【写美】 句型转换 ②People advocate that we should change our way of life and learn to exist in harmony with nature. →　It’s advocated that we （should） change　 our way of life and learn to exist in harmony with nature.（it作形式主语） 【归纳】 （1）advocate （doing） sth提倡/拥护/支持（做）某事 advocate that ...（should＋）动词原形 主张/提倡……做…… It is advocated that ...（should＋）动词原形 　　主张/提倡……做…… （2）an advocate for/of　　……的提倡者 【佳句】 To begin with， protect the marine ecological environment and advocate green environmental protection actions.（投稿） 首先，保护海洋生态环境，倡导绿色环保行动。 blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n.责任，责备，指责 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Which driver was 　to blame　 （blame） for the accident？ ②While we can’t change the body shape we are born with， we can’t blame our genes 　for　 making us fat. 【写美】 完成句子 ③　Blamed for the failure of the performance　， Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.（情绪描写） 蒂姆被责备为演出失败负责，一阵悲伤袭来，他忍不住痛哭。 【归纳】 （1）blame sb for sth/doing sth 为（做）某事责备某人 blame sth on sb　 　把某事归咎于某人 be to blame （for）　　应为……承担责任/受责备 （2）put/lay the blame （for sth） on sb　　（把某事）归咎于某人 take the blame　　承担责任 【佳句】 When getting along with others， we shouldn’t always blame others for mistakes.当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于他人。 【点津】 be to blame （for）中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①The poor old man froze 　to　 death in the cold winter. ②（外研必修二）Once a week， we do a big shop and buy a lot of 　frozen　 （freeze） food. 【写美】 完成句子 ③She stood still there and stared at him， 　frozen with shock　. 她站在那里一动不动，盯着他，被吓呆了。 【归纳】 （1）be frozen with fear/terror/fright/shock　被吓呆了 （2）freeze vt.& vi.　　（使）冻结，结冰 freeze to death　　冻死 （3）freezing adj.　　极冷的；冰冻的 【佳句】 His expression remained frozen， showing no sign of emotion.（人物描写） 他的表情依然凝固着，没有流露出任何情感。 distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①As we all know， Mark Twain distinguished himself 　as　 a great novelist in the world. 【写美】 句式升级 ②He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school. →　Distinguished for his knowledge of economics　， he was elected as head of the economic school.（形容词短语作状语） 【归纳】 （1）distinguish between A and B 区分A和B distinguish ...from ...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as/to be 作为……而出名 （2）distinguished adj.　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊敬的 be distinguished for/as ... 因/作为……而出名 【佳句】 Although young， she has the ability to distinguish between right and wrong easily. 尽管年轻，她有轻易辨别是非的能力。 owe vt.欠（情）；欠（债） 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①I owe my success 　to　 my parents’ support and encouragement. ②It was owing 　to　 his perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University. 【写美】 句型转换 ③I owe my great progress in English to you. →I 　owe it to you that I have made great progress　 in English.（it作形式宾语） 【归纳】 owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb　欠某人某物 owe ...to ...　　把……归功于/归因于…… owing to　　因为；由于 owe it to sb that ...　　多亏了某人…… 【佳句】 She realized she owed her friend a thank-you note for the lovely gift. 她意识到她应该给朋友写一张感谢卡，感谢那份可爱的礼物。 　　During last summer vacation， I did a part-time job in a gallery， ❶　　　　 they provided 30 days’ accommodations for me.There some classic works are ❷　　　　 precious that it is hard to calculate what price they would fetch.❸　　　　　 （fortunate）， although those artists who created them committed their whole lives to painting， they received little reward for their efforts before they died.Some people even went into debt in pursuit of art.Someone even felt as if every drop of emotion had been squeezed from her/him for drawing.❹　　　 （真遗憾）！ 微技能热身 1.①处应填关系词　where　，引导非限制性定语从句。 2.②处应填　so　，句中名词性从句what price they would fetch充当　宾语　。 3.③处应填　Unfortunately　。 4.翻译④处句子：　What a pity　。 reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n.奖励，回报；悬赏金 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①If you meet those goals， you can be rewarded 　with　 30 dollars. ②I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing 　as　 a reward for your generous help. ③It is so 　rewarding　 （reward） an activity that we all look forward to another one. 【写美】 完成句子 ④（外研选必二）Although naturally active at night， urban foxes come out in daylight 　if the reward is good enough　. 尽管狐狸天生昼伏夜出，但如果回报足够丰厚，城市里的狐狸会在白天出来。 【归纳】 （1）reward sb with sth 用某物奖赏某人 （2）as a reward for ...　　作为对……的奖赏或报酬 give/offer a reward to sb for sth 　　为某事而给某人报酬 in reward for ...　　为报答……；作为……的奖赏 （3）rewarding adj.　　值得做的；有益的 【佳句】 About 2 hours later， we all reached the top.Though out of breath， we were rewarded with beautiful scenery. 大约两个小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管（累得）上气不接下气，但是我们看到了美丽的风景。 debt n.人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Having settled in a completely unfamiliar place， my father and mother worked day and night to provide for the family， though we were still 　in　 debt. ②“Have you paid off your 　debts　 （debt）？” Mother asked me with concern. 【写美】 词汇升级 ③Witnessing the remarkable grades， I am thankful to all my family. →Witnessing the remarkable grades， I 　owe a debt of gratitude to　 all my family. 【归纳】 in debt　 负债 in one’s debt　　欠某人的人情 owe a debt of gratitude to sb　　欠某人的情 get into debt　　欠债，负债 be out of debt　　不欠债 pay off one’s debts　　还清债务 【佳句】 We should manage our finances carefully to avoid getting into debt. 我们应该谨慎管理财务，以避免负债。 【助记】 He paid off his debts yesterday. That’s to say， he is out of debt now. 昨天他还清了债务。也就是说，他现在不欠债了。 主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式 Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。 【写美】 完成句子 ①The book 　was difficult to understand　； as a result， the students lost interest. 这本书很难理解，结果学生们失去了兴趣。 ② I 　am not only easy to get along/on with　 but also willing to help others in trouble. 我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。 ③The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it 　is very comfortable to sit in　. 扶手椅看起来很硬，但实际上坐在里面很舒服。 ④　Today’s homework was easy to do　，so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. 今天的作业容易做，因此，迈克很快就完成作业，然后出去玩耍了。 【归纳】 使用“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”结构应注意： （1）动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。 （2）使用此结构须具备两个前提条件： ①动词不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系； ②常用形容词有difficult，hard，easy，pleasant，comfortable， interesting等。 （3）在该结构中，若动词不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。 【佳句】 Although the lady looks elegant，actually she is hard to get along with. 尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。 as if/as though 引导的从句中的虚拟语气 Second， approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 其次，探索这首诗，就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 【写美】 完成句子 ①The girl stood at the gate 　as if she was waiting for someone　. 那个女孩站在门口，好像在等人。 ②The old man walked 　as if he were walking on air　. 这位老人走路的样子好像是在云端漫步。 ③I remember the whole thing 　as if it happened yesterday　. 我记得整件事就好像发生在昨天一样。 【归纳】 as if/as though引导表语从句或方式状语从句： （1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气。 （2）如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下： as if/as though 【佳句】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！ 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全 维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义 1.grasp A.vt.抓牢，握紧　　 B.vt.理解，领会 C.vt.抓住（机会）　 D.n.理解力 （1）She tried to grasp the slippery bottle， but failed. 　　A　 （2）Suddenly she seemed to grasp the full meaning of what had been said. 　　B　 （3）You should grasp every opportunity to express your strong point. 　　C　 （4）The child has a good grasp of mathematics， so he got a good mark. 　　D　 2.claim A.v.声称　　　　 B.v.夺去（生命） C.v.索赔　 D.v.认领 （1）（北师大选必四）One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son. 　　A　 （2）The police said that if no one claimed the watch， you could keep it. 　　D　 （3）Because the accident had not been her fault， Barbara was able to claim damages. 　　C　 （4）It is reported that Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives. 　　B　 3.词义猜测 （1）The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed. 　adj.模糊的　 （2）The twin sisters had striking good looks， which earned many people’s affection. 　adj.妩媚动人的　 （3）I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teacher. 　n.情义，恩情　 （4）He is an advocate for more airplanes and fewer warships. 　n.倡导者　 （5）As is known to all，they live in a large apartment complex. 　n.建筑综合体　 （6）We are all entitled to equal protection under the law. 　vt.使……享有权利　 维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.（2024·北京卷）I worked extensively with other students， 　constantly　 （constant） asked questions， and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. 2.（2024·北京卷）Prof.Gracie， with all his 　patience　 （patient）， asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. 3.So many of us have the 　belief　 （believe） that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate， and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone， we get impatient about the circumstances. 4.As for my favourite 　novelist　 （novel）， it must be Mark Twain， one of the best-known American writers in the nineteenth century. 5.Marley understands that part of the reason why there are so many conflicts between people is the lack of 　tolerance　 （tolerate） between them. 6.They entered the 　freezing　 （freeze） river together and swam side by side across the bay. 7.The experience was truly 　rewarding　 （reward） and I had the opportunity to interact with people from different backgrounds and share our rich cultural heritage. 8.Among sales 　representatives　 （represent） for a large American car manufacturer， those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.It is believed that the new policy will 　breathe vitality into the local economy　 （给当地经济注入活力）. 2.She didn’t go swimming these days 　for fear of getting a cold　 （唯恐感冒）. 3.You should 　familiarize yourself with　 （让自己熟悉） the local customs before you travel abroad. 4.There is no doubt that water 　is inseparable from human life　 （与人类生活密不可分）. 5.This building 　is representative of　 （典型代表） the local architecture style. 6.Einstein 　is recognized as　 （被认为是） one of the greatest scientists in history. 7.The concept of quantum physics is 　beyond some people’s grasp　 （一些人无法理解）. 8.He started his own business 　in his early twenties　 （在他二十岁出头的时候）， so had an unusual experience. Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能 通 知——诗歌比赛 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1.为了激发学生对诗歌的兴趣，真正领会诗歌的灵魂，我们将于12月10日在学校礼堂举行中国诗歌朗诵比赛。（grasp；非谓语动词） 　To arouse students’ interest in poetry and truly grasp the soul of poetry， a Chinese poetry recitation contest will be held in the school hall on 10 December.　 2.参赛者背诵诗歌，评委将根据他们的发音、理解和节奏评分。（rhythm） 　Contestants will recite poems and judges will grade them according to their pronunciation， comprehension and rhythm.　 3.然后是诗歌的随机测试，参赛者听到题目和作者后背诗。（random；非限制性定语从句） 　Then follows a random quiz of poems， where contestants should recite this poem on hearing the title and author.　 4.前三名将被奖励。 （reward） 　The top three winners will be rewarded.　 5.在最后期限12月2日之前报名参加比赛。（sign up for） 　Sign up for the contest before the deadline， 2 December.　 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 　　　To arouse students’ interest in poetry and truly grasp the soul of poetry， a Chinese poetry recitation contest will be held in the school hall on 10 December.First， contestants will recite poems and judges will grade them according to their pronunciation， comprehension and rhythm.Then follows a random quiz of poems， where contestants should recite this poem on hearing the title and author.The top three winners will be rewarded.Sign up for the contest before the deadline， 2 December.　 厚积薄发，下笔有神 亮词 人物/情感描写：frozen； patience； inner； ideal； belief； striking； glorious； tolerant； vitality； representative 动作描写：grasp； reward； undergo （underwent， undergone）； bend （bent，bent）； dare； encounter； cast （cast，cast）； owe； fascinate； blame 美句 ①Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel， Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.（动作描写） ②During his travels， he visited famous mountains and great rivers， encountering different customs and practices.（动作描写） ③With his extraordinary imagination， free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language， Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.（人物描写） 动作描写之“走、跑、冲” 词汇 美句 单词 ①stumble v.跌跌撞撞地走 ②run v.& n.跑；移动；（使）流动 ③dash v.& n.飞奔；猛冲 ④rush v.& n.猛冲 ⑤hurry v.匆忙，赶快 ⑥skip v.蹦跳着走 ⑦tiptoe v.蹑手蹑脚，踮着脚 ⑧flee v.逃走 ⑨slide v.悄悄地溜到 ⑩march v.行军，快步走 ①When I looked down， I realized it was gone.The shark had bit my lower leg off.My friends rushed to my aid， and rushed me to hospital. 当我往下看时，我意识到它不见了。鲨鱼把我的小腿咬掉了。我的朋友们赶紧过来帮我，并迅速把我送往医院。 ②With his heart in his throat， he rushed/charged towards the burning building like an arrow. 他的心都提到嗓子眼儿了，他像箭一样冲向燃烧的大楼。（比喻） ③Mother tiptoed out of the room， trying not to wake the baby. 母亲蹑手蹑脚地走出了房间，尽量不吵醒婴儿。（动词-ing短语作状语） ④Eager to tell her mother the great news， Lily skipped/danced into the room with a big smile. 莉莉急于把这个好消息告诉妈妈，她面带灿烂的笑容蹦蹦跳跳地进入房间。（形容词短语作状语） 词块 ①steal/slide into溜进 ②dash straight into ...直接冲进…… ③rush/charge towards ...like an arrow像箭一样冲向…… ④dash back匆忙返回 ⑤storm into/out of ...冲进/冲出…… ⑥tiptoe into/out of ...踮着脚走进/出 情境导语 一到学校门口，上课铃就响了，约翰发现自己又迟到了…… 第一步　完成句子 1.他毫不迟疑，跳下电动车，朝教学楼飞奔而去。 Without hesitation， he 　jumped off the electric bike and flew towards　 the teaching building.（并列谓语） 2.他跑到五楼，上气不接下气，清晰地听到英语老师上课的声音。 He 　ran to the fifth floor， out of breath　， and he heard the voice of the English teacher in class clearly.（动作描写） 3.他从后门悄悄溜进教室，希望没人注意到他。 He 　stole/slid into the classroom　 from the back door， 　hoping no one would notice him　.（动作描写；分词作状语） 4.“约翰，到前面来。你怎么又迟到了？”布朗老师大声说。 “John， come to the front.　Why are you late again　？” Miss Brown exclaimed.（语言描写） 5.他低着头，皱着眉头，满怀内疚地朝讲台走去。 He 　lowered his head， frowned， and walked towards　 the podium full of guilt.（动作描写） 第二步　连句成文 　　　Without hesitation， he jumped off the electric bike and flew towards the teaching building.　 　　　He ran to the fifth floor， out of breath， and he heard the voice of the English teacher in class clearly.Then he stole/slid into the classroom from the back door， hoping no one would notice him.“John， come to the front.Why are you late again？” Miss Brown exclaimed.He lowered his head， frowned， and walked towards the podium full of guilt.　 　　（浙江卷）I am an active playgoer and play-reader， and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others.To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play. 　　Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright （剧作家） hopes to get across through dialogue and action.A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection， for that would， indeed， ruin the pleasure of reading， discussing， and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.However， a variety of types is represented here.These include comedy， satire， poignant drama， historical and regional drama.To show the versatility （多面性） of the short play， I have included a guidance play， a radio play and a television play. 　　Among the writers of the plays in this collection， Paul Green， Susan Glaspell， Maxwell Anderson， Thornton Wilder， William Saroyan， and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater.More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book. 　　To get the most out of reading these plays， try to picture the play on stage， with you， the reader， in the audience.The houselights dim （变暗）.The curtains are about to open， and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story. 21. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph？（　　） A.He has written dozens of plays. B.He has a deep love for the theater. C.He is a professional stage actor. D.He likes reading short plays to others. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的I am an active playgoer and play-reader ...sharing my enthusiasm for the theater可知，作者非常热爱戏剧。 22.What does the author avoid doing in his work？（　　） A.Stating the plays’ central ideas. B.Selecting works by famous playwrights. C.Including various types of plays. D.Offering information on the playwrights. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays可知，作者在其作品中没有言明所选戏剧的中心思想。 23.What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays？（　　） A.Control their feelings. B.Apply their acting skills. C.Use their imagination. D.Keep their audience in mind. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的try to picture the play on stage ...audience可知，作者建议读者在阅读戏剧的时候要运用自己的想象力，想象出舞台上的戏剧场景。 24.What is this text？（　　） A.A short story. B.An introduction to a book. C.A play review. D.An advertisement for a theater. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第一段中的my best reason for editing this book和第三段中的More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.可推知，本文是作者对自己编选的戏剧集的介绍。 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.play-reader n.　剧本评读人 2.enthusiasm n.　　热情，热忱；热衷的事物 3.theme n.　　主题；（谈话、书籍、电影等的）题目 4.dialogue n.　　对话，对白 5.action n.　　情节 6.character n.　　性格，品质；特色，特征；角色，人物 7.ruin v.　　毁掉 8.satire n.　　讽刺作品 9.houselights　　观众席的灯光 （二）由文本积主题词块 1.dozens of　　　　　　许多，很多 2.central idea　　中心思想 3.get across　　被传达，被理解 4.grow out of sth　　产生于某事物，源于某事物 5.point out　　指出 6.a variety of　　种种，各种各样的 7.historical and regional drama　　历史地方剧 8.a television play　　一部电视剧 9.keep ...in mind　　将……记在心中 （三）由文本知变式运用 1.学习构词（派生词/合成词） （1）effectiveness n.有效性，效力 [effective （adj.）＋后缀-ness] （2）contribution n.贡献，促成作用；捐款[contribute（v.）＋后缀-ion] （3）professional adj.专业的；职业的[profession （n.）＋后缀-al] （4）playgoer n.经常去戏院看戏的人，爱看戏的人[play （n.）＋goer （n.） ] 2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换） （1）look through＝　search through　 （第一段） （2）aim＝　purpose　 （第一段） （3）all kinds of＝　a variety of　 （第二段） 3.熟词生义（文中生义） （1）collection [熟义] n.收集；聚集 →[生义] n.　作品集　 （第二段第三句） （2）represent [熟义] v.代表；表示；描绘 →[生义] v.　展示，呈现　 （第二段第四句） （3）picture [熟义] n.图画；照片 →[生义] v.　想象，设想　 （第四段第一句） （4）curtain [熟义] n.窗帘 →[生义] n.　（舞台上的）幕，帷幕　 （第四段第三句） （四）由文本学靓丽表达 1.A few characters are used to create 　a single impression growing out of the theme　 （从主题中产生一个印象）.（非谓语结构作后置定语） 2.To show the versatility （多面性） of the short play， I have 　included a guidance play， a radio play and a television play　 （把指导剧、广播剧和电视剧列入其中）.（列举） 3.　The houselights dim.The curtains are about to open　 （观众席的灯光变暗了，帷幕就要拉开了）， and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.（环境描写） （五）由文本探析长难句 　To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play. 分析：本句为主从复合句。两个动词不定式短语To do this和 to find the ones that I think ...the short play都作　目的　状语；that引导一个　定语　从句，修饰the ones；I think是　插入语　。 译文：　为了做到这一点，我搜索了许多部戏剧，以便找到我认为最能展示短剧力量和目的的戏剧。　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 　　（2025·无锡模拟）Why would anyone want to write a poem？ One reason to write a poem is to dig from yourself some thought， feeling， comprehension or question that was in you， or in the world.Other forms of writing， such as scientific papers， political analysis and journalism， attempt to record something known.Poetry is a release of something previously unknown. 　　Poetry opens our eyes and offers increase of reach.We live so often on a lonely island， separated from ourselves and others due to social or personal reasons.To step into a poem is to agree to risk.Writing takes down all protections to see what steps forward.Poetry is a trick of language， in which the writer is both magician and audience.You reach your hand into the hat and surprise yourself with a rabbit or memory， with unusual verbs or rhymes.Poems lead to revolutions of being.Whatever the old order was， a poem will change it. 　　What we want from art is whatever is missing from the lives we are living and making.Something is always missing， and so art-making is endless. 　　There is also the matter of connection.You can’t write an image， a metaphor （暗喻）， a story， a phrase without approaching the shared world， without recognizing that your supposed solitude （独处） is at every point touching some others.You can’t read a good poem without recognizing your own face in the poet’s experience.It allows us to feel more strongly and accurately what is already present.Then it expands that and expands us. 　　Does art change anything by its existence or non-existence？ I’d argue that art， if it is genuinely art， is a force for the good.That the rearrangement of words can reopen the potential of both inner and outer worlds — I cannot say why I feel this to be true， except that I feel it so when I read good poems. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们想要写诗的原因。 1.How does the writer introduce the topic？（　　） A.By listing numbers. B.By giving examples. C.By quoting a saying. D.By making a comparison. 解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了主题，接下来通过将其他写作形式和诗歌进行比较，对写诗的原因进行具体阐述。由此可推出，作者是通过作比较来介绍本文主题的。 2.What is the similarity between poetry and magic？（　　） A.They bring surprises. B.They follow traditions. C.They change the world. D.They are arts of language. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Poetry is a trick of language ... with unusual verbs or rhymes.可知，诗和魔术很像，魔术是从帽子里变出兔子，而诗是用记忆、不同寻常的动词或押韵创造出新的东西，二者都可以带来惊喜。 3.What can a good poem do according to the text？（　　） A.Criticize social reality. B.Apply new expressions. C.Bridge poets and readers. D.Remind readers of the past. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的There is also the matter of connection.和You can’t read a good poem without recognizing your own face in the poet’s experience.可知，诗会创建联系，读好诗的时候你会体验到作者的经历。由此可推出，一首好诗会给诗人和读者创造桥梁，将诗人和读者联系起来。 4.What is the author’s attitude towards art？（　　） A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful. 解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段前两句可知，在提到艺术的作用时，作者认为真正的艺术是一种向善的力量。由此可推出，作者对艺术持肯定态度。 Ⅱ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Rich Danieu， a man awaiting a heart transplant （移植）， had to stay in Strong Hospital in Rochester， New York， since January.His days were filled with uncertainty， medical procedures， and a longing to be with his family.The slim hope of getting cured had almost driven Danieu’s mood down to the ground.He was close to giving up.What’s worse， he was frustrated at the thought of missing a crucial event： his 5-year-old daughter Mara’s school’s father-daughter dance. 　　Shortly after Danieu’s arrival at the hospital， Mara had excitedly shared the news of her school’s upcoming father-daughter dance.She had been eagerly looking forward to her father’s participation.But Danieu’s illness had kept him away from his daughter’s joyous event.As the day of the dance drew near， Mara’s excitement began to be replaced by a deep sadness.“My daughter was a little upset， for I couldn’t go with her，” Danieu said to a nurse with a heavy heart. 　　Mara’s grandfather stepped in to take her to the dance， hoping to make the evening special for her.They both got dressed up， arrived at the school hall， and even had a beautiful photo taken.However， for Mara， something was wrong， because she noticed everybody else was with their dads.Excitement gave way to disappointment.On their way home， Mara was walking silently， without saying a word， when her grandfather received a call from the hospital. 　　The nurses at Strong Hospital had been closely following the family’s story.Having witnessed what Danieu was experiencing due to missing such a crucial moment in his daughter’s life， they decided to do something.They knew they couldn’t make a big change， but they could certainly create a moment of magic.On the night of the dance， with delicate care， they transformed an empty hospital room into a magical dance floor， complete with twinkling lights and soft music playing in the background. 　　At the same time， Danieu lay in his hospital bed， a sense of disappointment at his heart.When he was gazing out the window， a nurse came in with a warm smile. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　Led to the room， Danieu didn’t know what awaited him.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　That special dance brought great strength and hope to Danieu.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　Led to the room， Danieu didn’t know what awaited him. Approaching the doorway， he could hear the music playing pretty softly and someone giggling.As Danieu entered the room， the sight that met his eyes brought tears of joy streaming down his face.There， in the middle of the room， was his beloved daughter， Mara， dressed in her finest.She rushed into her father’s arms and they began to dance， twirling around， lost in a world of their own.The nurses watched from the sideline.Their hearts warmed by the emotional reunion they had arranged. 　　That special dance brought great strength and hope to Danieu. He felt a renewed sense of purpose and determination.At that moment， all his worries and fears melted away， replaced by a deep sense of gratitude and joy.And the most lucky thing for him was that a suitable heart had been found.As Danieu slowly regained consciousness in the recovery room， tears of gratitude welled up in his eyes as he thought back to that magical dance.He knew that without the support and care of the hospital staff， he might not have made it to this moment of hope and healing. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $