必修第三册 UNIT 2 Making a difference-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义全面覆盖词汇、短语、句型、阅读、写作等核心考点，按“词汇分类识记-短语集中应用-句式仿写活用-语篇综合提能”逻辑架构组织，通过考点梳理（如派生词汇链构建）、方法指导（词块语境记忆法）、真题训练（2022新高考Ⅰ卷等）环节，帮助学生系统夯实基础，突破高频考点。 讲义突出“语言能力+思维品质”双提升，创新“词-句-篇”三阶训练模式，如词汇部分结合感谢信、演讲稿语境记忆“further guidance”“social mission”等词块，句式部分通过独立主格结构仿写培养逻辑表达，写作环节设计“节约用水”求助信情境，引导学生用“recycle”“effective”等核心词汇完成应用文。设置分层练习（基础识记、真题应用），助力教师精准把控复习节奏，高效提升学生应考能力。

写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.cancer research 癌症研究 􀳁2.with the aid of her 在她的帮助下 􀳁3.recycle the water we use every day 回收我们每天使用的水 􀳁4.Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官 􀳁5.be very sensitive to his serious disease 对他的重病很敏感 􀳁6.①raise funds for wildlife protection 为野生动植物保护筹集资金 ②a dance festival funded by the Arts Council 一个由艺术委员会资助的舞蹈节 􀳁7.①be lacking in insight 缺乏洞察力 ②insights into human relationships对人际关系的见解 语境记忆 􀳁8.further adj.更多的，附加的，进一步的 At the same time， I also hope to get your further guidance. 同时，我也希望得到您的进一步指导。 （感谢信） 􀳁9.mission n.职责；使命 Furthermore， with a social sense of mission and responsibility， I will go where the motherland needs me and do whatever I can to contribute to realizing the Chinese Dream. 此外，我将带着社会使命感和责任感，奔赴祖国需要我的地方，尽我所能为实现中国梦做出贡献。 （演讲稿） 阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.internal adj.内部的 􀳁2.fountain n.喷水池 􀳁3.foundation n.基金会 􀳁4.territory n.地区，地方 􀳁5.royal adj.王室的，皇家的 􀳁6.institution n.机构，团体 􀳁7.certificate n.证明书，证书 􀳁8.ministry n.（政府的）部 教材例句 􀳁9.（人教必修二） They use the same flag， known as the Union Jack， as well as share the same currency and military defence. adj.军事的 派生词汇识记 1.contribution n.贡献→contribute v.贡献；捐助；投稿 􀳁2.relief n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻，缓解 􀳁3.shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的→shorten v.变短 􀳁4.effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n.效果→affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭 􀳁5.earn v.挣（钱）→earnings n.收入 􀳁6.donate v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐献→donor n.捐赠者；捐赠人 􀳁7.reality n.真实，现实；逼真→real adj.真实的；实际的→really adv.真实地；实际地→realise vt.领悟；了解；实现；实行→realistic adj.写实主义的；现实主义的；现实的 􀳁8.disability n.残疾，残障→disabled adj.有残疾的→able adj.有能力的→ability n.能力→enable vt.使能够；使可能 􀳁9.generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n.慷慨，大方 􀳁10.hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.迟疑，犹豫 􀳁11.registration n.登记，注册→register v.登记，注册 􀳁12.achievement n.成绩，成就→achieve v.实现 􀳁13.major adj.重要的，主要的 vi.主修 n.主修课程→majority n.大多数 􀳁14.treatment n.治疗；疗法→treat v.治疗；对待 1.“-age”结尾的名词小聚 ①shortage 短缺，不足，缺乏 ②marriage 婚姻 ③usage 用法；使用 􀳁2.“主要的；重要的”形容词荟萃 ①major 主要的；重要的 ②main 主要的 ③primary 主要的；首要的 􀳁3.“under＋n.”短语荟萃 ①under control 处于控制之下 ②under consideration 在考虑中 ③under construction 在建造中 第一组 1.make a difference 　有影响，起（重要）作用 􀳁2.under control　　被控制住，处于控制之下 􀳁3.turn out　　出席，在场；结果是 􀳁4.break into a smile　　突然笑起来 􀳁5.set up　　建立，开办，设立 􀳁6.benefit from　　受益于 􀳁7.come up with　　提出，想出 第二组 􀳁8.escape from　　从……中逃跑，逃离 􀳁9.for the most part　　多半，通常 􀳁10.take in　　收留，留宿；吸收，理解，欺骗 􀳁11.rise to one’s feet　　站起身来 􀳁12.pass away　　去世 􀳁13.bring ...to public attention 使……引起公众关注 􀳁14.a sense of humour　　幽默感 􀳁15.take notes　　做笔记 􀳁16.keep records of　　保持纪录 1.句式：so ...that ...引导结果状语从句 原句：And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？ 为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？ 2.句式：独立主格结构 原句：These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. 这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 3.句式：“upon/on＋名词/动词-ing形式 ...”表示“一……就……” 原句：On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。 　　Li Hua lived in a city which had suffered from water shortage for a long time.The government wanted to find some effective measures to solve the problem.Therefore， some saving water foundations were established， and some well digging programmes were launched.To make contributions to the relief of the water shortage， many citizens were generous to donate money to the related institutions.Li Hua， one of the donors，donated the money he earned from his part-time jobs， and volunteered to appeal to more people to save water.They also taught people to store and recycle water.With their assistance， the government’s work turned out to be effective.What they did benefited many people，making a great difference.All of them felt a sense of achievement. （一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快 阅读单词知意 请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。 □1.internal adj.内部的 □2.fountain n.喷水池 □3.foundation n.基金会 □4.mission n.职责；使命 □5.territory n.地区，地方 □6.royal adj.王室的，皇家的 □7.institution n.机构，团体 □8.Nazi n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子 □9.Jewish adj.犹太人的，犹太教的 □10.military n.军队 □11.knighthood n.（英国的）爵士封号或头衔 □12.ministry n.（政府的）部 核心单词练通 1.　insight　 n.顿悟，猛醒 􀳁2.　disease　 n.疾病，病 􀳁3.　cancer　 n.癌症 􀳁4.　aid　 v.帮助，援助 􀳁5.　chief　 adj.最高级别的，首席的 􀳁6.　drug　 n.药物，药材 􀳁7.　certificate　 n.证明书，证书 􀳁8.　further　 adj.更多的，附加的 􀳁9.Modern science and technology makes it possible for us to 　obtain　 （获得） information on every known subject on the Internet. 􀳁10.Koalas are very 　sensitive　 （敏感的） creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. 􀳁11.Universities call on all the students to learn to 　recycle　 （回收利用） the waste paper. 􀳁12.A program will be 　funded　 （资助） to pay farmers for their lost cattle. 拓展单词用活 1.　relief　 n.减轻，缓解；救援物品；宽慰→　relieve　 vt.使减轻，缓解 2.　shortage　 n.短缺，不足，缺乏→　short　 adj.不足的 3.　effective　 adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→　effect　 n.效果；影响 4.　earn　 v.挣（钱）→　earnings　 n.收入 5.　donate　 v.捐赠，捐献→　donation　 n.捐赠，捐献→　donor　 n.捐赠者 6.　perseverance　 n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈→　persevering　 adj.坚韧不拔的 7.　extend　 v.持续；延伸；扩展→　extensive　 adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→　extensively　 adv.广阔地；广泛地→　extension　 n.扩大；延伸 8.　disability　 n.残疾，残障；缺陷，障碍→　disabled　 adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 9.　hesitate　 v.迟疑，犹豫→　hesitation　 n.犹豫；踌躇 10.　temporary　 adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→　temporarily　 adv.临时地 11.　achievement　 n.成绩，成就→　achieve　 vt.完成；达到（某目标、地位、标准） 12.One of the 　major　 problems is that a 　majority　 of the graduates who 　major　 in this subject find it difficult to find a good job.（major） 13.People had to 　treat　 themselves in their own way before they received the 　treatment　 sent by the government.（treat） 14.It is strongly advised that each of us 　contribute　 to the protection of our earth， and I believe all our 　contributions　 will finally pay off.（contribute） 15.Uncle Wang is a kind and 　generous　 man and he 　generously　 contributed a lot of money to the rural primary school last week.His 　generosity　 is worth admiring.（generous） （二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效 先 写 对 再 用 准 第 一 组 1.　make a difference　 　有影响，起（重要）作用 􀳁2.　escape from　　　从……中逃脱，逃离 􀳁3.　have trouble （in） doing sth　　　做某事有困难 􀳁4.　be determined to do sth　 下定决心做某事 􀳁5.　turn out　　　出席，在场；结果是 􀳁6.　go public　　　公之于世，公开（秘密等） 􀳁7.　set up　　　建立，设立 􀳁8.　look across　　　环视，扫视 1.The skills my parents taught me when I was a child 　turned out　 to be very useful later in my life. 􀳁2.Later， his experience in Africa led him to 　set up　 a foundation， from which a large number of people in Africa have benefited. 􀳁3.If we work hard together， our actions can 　make a difference　 to the world and lead to a better future. 􀳁4.We lived in a house in a village that 　looked across　 the river and plain to the mountains. 先 写 对 再 用 准 第 二 组 1.　benefit from　　　　　受益于 􀳁2.　come up with　　　提出，想出 􀳁3.　under control　　　被控制住，处于控制之下 􀳁4.　for the most part　　　多半，通常 􀳁5.　take in　　　收留，留宿；吸收，理解，欺骗 􀳁6.　rise to one’s feet　　　站起身来 􀳁7.　pass away　　　去世 􀳁8.　break into a smile　　　突然笑起来 1.Thousands of patients have 　benefit（t）ed from　 the new treatment， and their condition has got much better. 􀳁2.David 　rose to his feet　 and continued his running， showing no sign of giving up. 􀳁3.Surprisingly， seeing his mother stepping towards him， the six-month-old baby 　broke into a smile　. 􀳁4.Dieting and exercising can bring your weight 　under control　 but you must stick to them. （三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高 句型公式 句式仿写 1.so ...that ...引导结果状语从句 教材原句：And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？ 1.她是一位如此热心且富有奉献精神的老师，以至于赢得了普遍赞扬。 （人物介绍） She is 　so warm-hearted and dedicated a teacher that　 she has won general praise. 􀳁2.on/upon＋名词/动词-ing 形式 ...表示“一……就……” 教材原句：On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 􀳁2.这些大学生一到村里就去帮助农民干活。 　On/Upon arriving at the village　， these college students went to help the farmers with their work. Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破 　　When my uncle was young， his ideal was not to make money 　　　　❶ to do something for the society.He believed that his efforts would make 　　　　❷ difference to the society.He was active and often played a major part in some chief activities.He was generous and often aided some people with 　　　　 （disabled）❸.And he also often donated some money 　　　　❹ those with diseases.In a word， he never hesitated 　　　　 （help）❺ those who needed some help. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　but　。 􀳁2.②处应填　a　。 􀳁3.③处作介词with的宾语，应填　disabilities　。 􀳁4.④处应填介词　to　。 􀳁5.⑤处应填　to help　。 generous adj.慷慨的，大方的 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Although he was poor， he was quite generous 　to　 his needy friends. ②It is agreed that his 　generosity　 （generous） is worth admiring. 【写美】 一句多译 ③他们与失业的邻居分享他们的餐食真是慷慨大方。 →It 　was generous of them to share　 their meal with their out-of-work neighbours. →They 　were generous in sharing　 their meal with their out-of-work neighbours. 【归纳】 （1）be generous with sth　　不吝惜某物 be generous to ...　　对……慷慨/宽宏大量 be generous in doing sth　　在做某事方面慷慨/宽宏大量 It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是慷慨大方 （2）generously adv.　　慷慨地，大方地 generosity n.　　慷慨，大方；宽宏大量 【佳句】 David is generous with his time and money， for which he has many friends. 戴维不吝惜他的时间和金钱，因此，他有很多朋友。 hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①（译林选必一）People with the impression that poetry is difficult to understand often hesitate 　about　 reading poetry. ②　Without　 hesitation she went to Simon and gave him a big hug. （动作描写） 【写美】 微写作 ③无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助你。 Whenever you are in trouble， 　I will do you a favour without hesitation　.（hesitation） 【归纳】 （1）hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，犹豫做某事 hesitate about/over ... 　　对……犹豫不决 （2）hesitation n.　　犹豫，迟疑 without hesitation　　毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth　　毫不犹豫地做某事 【佳句】 If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind， don’t hesitate to join the debate team. （通知） 如果你对英语有热情，有一个敏锐的头脑，别犹豫来加入辩论队。 　　Jim is an excellent doctor， who once met a boy with disability.The boy was eager to rise 　　　　❶ his feet.However， he couldn’t.Jim offered to give him　　　　 （treat）❷.To the boy’s relief， with the assistance of Jim， the boy made his dream of standing up a 　　　　 （real）❸ at last！ The boy’s parents expressed their thanks to him， tears in their eyes. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　to　，构成固定短语。 􀳁2.②处作宾语，应填　treatment　。 􀳁3.③处被不定冠词a修饰，应填　reality　。 relief n.减轻，缓解；调剂；救济 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Having finished all the housework， Mary dropped herself into the sofa， sighing 　with　 relief. ②It is your considerate comfort and generous help that relieved us 　of　 the tense depression. （感谢信） ③Take the medicine as instructed， and you will be relieved 　of　 your pain. 【写美】 微写作 ④我感到宽慰，安稳地坐在椅子上，睡着了。 　Relieved　， I sat back in a chair and fell asleep. 【归纳】 （1）with relief 欣慰地，释然地 to one’s relief＝to the relief of sb　　令某人欣慰的是 It is a relief to do sth　　做某事很放心/舒心 what a relief　　总算松了一口气 breathe a sigh of relief　　松了一口气 （2）relieve vt.　　减轻，缓解；解除 relieve sb of ...　　帮助某人减轻（负担）；解除某人的职务 （3）relieved adj.　　宽慰的；宽心的 【佳句】 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Seeing his confident smiles， I sighed with relief. 看到他自信的微笑，我松了一口气。 rise to one’s feet 站起身来 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Now that you’re growing up， you must learn to stand 　on　 your own two feet. ②The astronaut’s dream to be the first man to set foot 　on/in　 the Mars will become a reality. 【写美】 微写作 ③听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑开了。 （动作描写） Hearing a strange sound， the little boy 　quickly rose to his feet and ran away　. 【归纳】 jump/leap/spring to one’s feet　跳起来 struggle to one’s feet　　挣扎着站起来 stand on one’s own （two） feet　　自立，经济上独立 set foot on/in　　踏上，进入 【佳句】 The child fell down， but he struggled to his feet instead of waiting for his mother to help him.（动作描写） 那个孩子摔倒了，但他挣扎着站了起来，而不是等他妈妈来帮他。 句型公式：独立主格结构 　【教材原句】 These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. 这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 【练通】 微写作/句式升级 ①我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。 （心理描写） I looked at my father nervously， 　my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly　. ②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）With the writing contest over， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not. →　The writing contest over　， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not.（用独立主格结构改写） 【归纳】 独立主格结构的逻辑主语（名词或代词主格）与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在，在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。 常用形式有： （1）逻辑主语＋非谓语动词； （2）逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。 【佳句】 Having failed in the end-of-term examination， the little girl dragged her feet into the sitting room， her face red with extreme shame.期末考试不及格，小女孩慢腾腾地走进客厅，羞愧得满脸通红。 Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全 维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义 1.chief A.adj.最高级别的 B.adj.最重要的 C.n.首领 （1）（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）That is partly because people are driving more， but Mark Rosekind， the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration， said distracted （分心） driving was “only increasing， unfortunately.” 　　C　 （2）“It’s no secret that China has always been a source （来源） of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill， chief creative officer at A＋E Networks， a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion （时尚） shows. 　　A　 （3）Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762. 　　B　 􀳁2.词义猜测 （1）She has a fund of knowledge about modern jazz and therefore you can turn to her for help. 　n.（相当）数量，储备　 （2）No one can deny the fact that tourism is the fountain of wealth for the city. 　n.丰富来源，源泉　 （3）This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers. 　n.稿件，作品　 （4）（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected， bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 　vt.提供，给予　 维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.（2024·北京卷）And the more tools we have， the more 　effective　 （effect） and insightful we can become. 􀳁2.（2024·北京卷）While he held the notion that objective 　reality　 （real） exists， he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. 􀳁3.A 　shortage　 （short） of time caused my failure， which made me quite annoyed. 􀳁4.The millionaire decided to set 　up　 a foundation to help those in trouble out. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.You can’t imagine it was the little boy who 　came up with the good idea　 （想出这个好主意） to ensure your safety！ 􀳁2.The old man 　donated a lot of money to the school　 （给学校捐了很多钱）， enabling the students to return to their classrooms. 􀳁3.The scientist broke through in his research and he clapped his hands， 　breaking into a smile　 （突然笑起来）. 􀳁4.Much to my relief， students supporting me are 　in the majority　 （占大多数）， enabling me to be elected as the chairman of the Student Council. 􀳁5.They talked as if they had accomplished a lot， but 　in reality　 （事实上） they did very little. Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能 求助信——节约用水 　　假定你是李华，你校下周日要举办主题为“节约用水”的创意展览比赛，你对自己设计的作品不是很满意，想请你的好友Jim帮你出主意。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 　　1.活动的意义；􀳁2.自己的作品；􀳁3.表达期待。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1.最近一切都好吗？ 　How is everything these days？　 􀳁2.为了让学生意识到全球水资源短缺的问题，并增强节约用水意识，我们学校计划下周日举办一场比赛。 （shortage） 　To make students realize the problem of global water shortage and raise awareness of saving water， our school is scheduled to hold a competition next Sunday.　 􀳁3.考虑到浪费水，我设计了一个在卫生间蓄水的装置来循环使用水。（recycle） 　Considering the waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in the toilet so that water can be recycled.　 􀳁4.我希望这个装置实用且有效， 但是现在离达到这个目标还差得远。（effective， obtain） 　I hope this device is practical and effective， but there’s still a long way to go to obtain the goal.　 􀳁5.目前，主要问题是这个装置使用起来不方便。（major） 　At present， the major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.　 􀳁6.那就是我需要你的慷慨帮助的原因，希望你能给我一些建议。（generous， assistance） 　That’s why I need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me some advice.　 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 Dear Jim， 　　　How is everything these days？To make students realize the problem of global water shortage and raise awareness of saving water， our school is scheduled to hold a competition next Sunday.Considering the waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in the toilet so that water can be recycled.I hope this device is practical and effective， but there’s still a long way to go to obtain the goal.At present， the major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.That’s why I need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me some advice.　 Yours， Li Hua 厚积薄发，下笔有神 亮 词 情感描写：relief， break into a smile， sensitive 动作描写：rise to one’s feet， extend， assistance， aid， obtain 人物描写：generous， hesitate， insight， perseverance 美 句 ①He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily. （情感描写） ②Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again. （情感描写） 动作描写之“眼部”动作（一） 词汇 美句 单 词 动词：fix， meet， stare， lower/drop， raise/lift， shine/sparkle/glisten， gaze ①She turned her eyes to me when I tapped her shoulder. 当我轻拍她的肩膀时，她把目光转向我。 ②She laughed， her eyes shining/sparkling/glistening with excitement. 她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ③She looked her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully. 她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。 短 语 ①meet one’s eyes 和某人对视 ②stare into one’s eyes 凝视 ③fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着 ④lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛 ⑤raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 ⑥one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement 眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒 ⑦one’s eyes fall/settle on 目光落在…… ⑧one’s eyes dance with excitement 眼中洋溢着欢乐 情境导语 约翰独自一人坐在窗边，看着书，看完后向窗外望去，高兴地唱着歌。 第一步　完成句子 1.约翰坐在窗边，他的眼睛盯着一本书。 John sat beside the window， 　with his eyes fixed on a book　.（with复合结构） 􀳁2.他看完书后，抬起眼睛向窗外望去。 When he finished the book， 　he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of the window　. 􀳁3.他高兴地唱着歌，用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视着周围的环境。 Singing happily， 　he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes　. 􀳁4.约翰注意到有人在靠近，他停止了唱歌并垂下了眼睛。 Noticing someone approaching， John stopped singing and 　lowered/dropped his eyes　. 􀳁5.当认出来者是谁时，约翰张开嘴，眼睛睁得大大的。 When recognizing who the visitor was， John opened his mouth 　with his eyes widening　.（with复合结构） 第二步　连句成文 　　　John sat beside the window， with his eyes fixed on a book.When he finished the book， he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of the window.Singing happily， he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes.Then， noticing someone approaching， John stopped singing and lowered/dropped his eyes.When recognizing who the visitor was， John opened his mouth with his eyes widening.　 　　（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents （居民） in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. 　　The project was dreamed up by a local charity （慈善组织） to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. 　　Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said： “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.” 　　“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.” 　　“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have done something useful.” 　　There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. 　　Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the first to embark on the project， said： “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” 　　Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said： “We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” 　　 􀳁28.What is the purpose of the project？（　　） A.To ensure harmony in care homes. B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C.To raise money for medical research. D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。 􀳁29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？（　　） A.She has learned new life skills. B.She has gained a sense of achievement. C.She has recovered her memory. D.She has developed a strong personality. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Ruth Xavier很享受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。由此可知，Ruth Xavier从这个项目中获得了成就感。 􀳁30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？（　　） A.Improve.　　　　 B.Oppose. C.Begin.　 D.Evaluate. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第七段中Wendy Wilson说的话并结合画线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意思是“第一批开始这个项目的组织之一”，因此画线部分的意思为“开始”。 􀳁31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？（　　） A.It is well received. B.It needs to be more creative. C.It is highly profitable. D.It takes ages to see the results. 解析：A　推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个项目得到了好评。 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.charity n.　　慈善机构（或组织） 2.wellbeing n.　　健康；安乐；康乐 3.dementia n.　　痴呆 4.session n.　　一段时间；一场；会议 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.loneliness n.孤独（lonely把y变i＋-ness） 􀳁2.ensure vt.确保（en-＋sure） 􀳁3.personality n.个性（personal＋-ity） 􀳁4.profitable adj.有利润的，有益的（profit＋-able） （三）由文本积主题词块 1.reduction in the use of medicine　减少用药 􀳁2.give financial support　　给予财政支持 􀳁3.bring benefits to people　　给人们带来益处 （四）由文本知变式运用 1.近义替换（用文章中的词汇替换） （1）take care of＝　look after　 （第一段） （2）concentration＝　focus　 （第五段） （3）beneficial＝　useful　 （第五段） 􀳁2.熟词生义（文章中生义） （1）dream up 　想出　 （第二段第一句） （2）roll out 　正式推出；开展　 （第六段） （五）由文本学靓丽表达 1.　Among those taking part in the project is　 （参加这次项目的那些人中有一个是） 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.（完全倒装） 􀳁2.I am 　down there　 （去那里） in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and 　down there again　 （再去那里） at night to see they’ve gone to bed.（and连接的并列句） 􀳁3.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and 　it feels great to have done something useful　 （做一些有用的事感觉很棒）.（it作形式主语） （六）由文本学长难句分析 I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. 分析：本句为复合句。when I was younger为when引导的　时间状语　从句；before I went to school为before引导的　时间状语　从句。 翻译：　我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要给它们准备早餐。　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 􀳁　　（2025·秦皇岛部分高中二模）When 19-year-old Emily Bhatnagar from Maryland， USA， found her father had stage four thyroid （甲状腺） cancer， her response was different from what you might expect.To honour her father， who she also described as her best friend， she decided to start a book drive called For Love and Buttercup， collecting books for kids with cancer. 　　“It was very much an overnight idea，” she explained.“I posted a message on an app called Nextdoor asking my neighbors to donate used books.I was only expecting a few here and there， but the response was truly incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief （悲伤） rather than letting it consume me.” 　　“It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad go through cancer and see him lose a little bit of himself each day， but the book drive allowed me to develop a new-found sense of purpose intertwined （交织） with a greater sense of compassion to help others in any form.I wanted to help kids.They’ve always held a soft spot in my heart.” 　　Using tips she earned from working at her parents’ bread shop， Emily bought many books out of her own pocket.In addition， she received donations through her Amazon wishlist， which can be found in the bio （简介） of the book drive’s Instagram account， @forloveandbuttercup. 　　Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around town， loading boxes of books into their car.“It was such a privilege to know people had carried these books all their lives through generations， and they wanted to gift it to my cause.” 　　For Love and Buttercup has donated over 15，000 books to sick children and it is being recognised by The Washington Post， Forbes， The President’s Volunteer Service Award and Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自美国马里兰州的19岁的 Emily Bhatnagar 发现她的父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，决定发起图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童募集书籍。 1.What did Emily do knowing her father’s disease？（　　） A.She turned to books for help. B.She tried to help her father recover. C.She decided to meet her father’s desire. D.She asked for used book donations online. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，发现父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，Emily在网上发起了旧书捐赠活动。 􀳁2.How did Emily feel about her neighbors’ reaction？（　　） A.Inspired.　 B.Ashamed. C.Disappointed.　 D.Puzzled. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的but the response was truly incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief （悲伤） rather than letting it consume me可知，邻居们对 Emily发起的旧书捐赠活动的反应让她受到了鼓舞。 􀳁3.What do we know about Emily from Paragraph 4？（　　） A.She grew up in a rich family. B.She helped in her parents’ shop. C.Nobody cared about her wishlist. D.Her parents were not supportive. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Using tips she earned from working at her parents’ bread shop可知，Emily在她父母的面包店帮忙。 􀳁4.What can we say about the book drive？（　　） A.Unfavorable.　 B.Money-consuming. C.Successful.　 D.Demanding. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Emily 的图书捐赠活动获得了巨大的成功。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 􀳁　　（2025·日照三模）Can you tell when your friends are happy or going through a difficult time？ Whether you have one or two besties or are part of a group， building and keeping friendships is a skill we all learn.5.（　　） Research shows it might even help you fight off colds. 　　Friendship is a special connection you have with another person， and it comes in all shapes and sizes.You could chat for ages or giggle at things other people don’t find funny.You don’t expect the other person to be fun all the time.6.（　　） Friends don’t always enjoy the same sports or hobbies but they encourage each other anyway.Experts say good friendship is a strong， stable connection.It makes you feel positive and it’s not one-sided.7.（　　） 　　Good friends are good for your health because they make you feel happy， confident and less stressed.Sharing your feelings and ideas with someone else isn’t just fun.8.（　　） Author Lydia Denworth says friendship is good for you because it boosts your immune system and helps your body stay healthy.Having good， strong friendships is as important as diet and exercise. 　　9.（　　） Making time for your mates sounds obvious but it’s not always easy to see them when you are busy.Try sending a message or arranging a walk or bike ride to have time to chat.Talking about your feelings lets your friends know you trust them and gives them a chance to do the same.If you think a friend is feeling down， find a quiet moment to ask if everything is OK and listen closely to their answers. A.Making new friends takes much time and effort. B.You both give each other support when you need it. C.And you may know when the other has had a bad day. D.It builds trust and helps you understand each other better. E.Being a friend is one of the most important skills we can learn. F.That’s good news because hanging out with your friends is fun. G.As well as lifting up others， friendship can boost your wellbeing too. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊的重要性、好处，以及交朋友的方法。 5.G　空前一句表明建立和保持友谊是重要技能，空后一句说明友谊能帮助我们抵御疾病。G项（友谊不仅能鼓舞他人，也能提升你的健康）说明友谊的好处，引出下文。 6.C　空前一句表明朋友不会一直有趣，C项（你要知道对方哪天过得不好）表示也会有朋友没有趣的时候，为前一句的补充。 7.B　根据空前一句可知，友谊让你感到乐观，它不是单方面的，是相互的，B项（当你们需要的时候，你们都给予对方支持）表示友谊是双方的。 8.D　空前一句表明与朋友分享感受和想法不仅有趣，D项（它建立信任，帮助你们更好地了解对方）符合语境，与空前一句为递进关系。 9.E　根据下文可知，本段在讲交朋友的一些做法和技能。E项（交朋友是我们可以学习的最重要的技能之一）总领下文，符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 􀳁　　（2025·临沂一模）Whatever the patient’s age or disease， a hospital stay can be stressful， especially for kids.Efforts like Ella’s are a（n） 　10　 spot during a tough time. 　　It began in 2018， when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 　11　 way — a gift drive.Since then， it has 　12　 each year in early October， a few weeks before her birthday.Along with a（n） 　13　 to her party， Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.For the youngest 　14　， gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys.Then it’s time to share the gifts.“Seeing other people’s 　15　 — that’s all that matters to me，” Ella says. 　　After the first round， the number of donations 　16　 every year.But she doesn’t keep an exact count.　17　， she judges by sight.“We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room，” Ella says.“Last year， it 　18　 the entire carpet.” 　　Allison， working at Brigham Children’s Hospital， has seen first-hand the 　19　 of Ella’s gift-giving.“She puts a smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed at her 　20　 at such a young age.” 　　Ella’s 　21　 to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to 　22　 in her footsteps.Friends have collected and 　23　 gifts for their birthdays too. 　　“　24　 to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day，” Ella says.“I want to keep doing this as long as I can.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾拉捐赠礼物给生病的孩子来庆祝自己的生日的做法鼓舞了其他人的效仿，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。 10.A.independent　 B.extra C.free　 D.bright 解析：D　根据上文可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。independent独立的；extra额外的；free自由的；bright欢快的，明亮的。 􀳁11.A.new　 B.private C.fancy　 D.natural 解析：A　根据a gift drive可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。new新的；private私人的；fancy奇特的；natural自然的。 􀳁12.A.worked out　 B.kicked off C.given out　 D.thought up 解析：B　根据下文Along with a（n） 　13　 to her party， Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。work out计算出；kick off开始；give out分发；think up想出。 􀳁13.A.letter　 B.recreation C.invitation　 D.cake 解析：C　根据to her party可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。letter信；recreation娱乐；invitation邀请；cake蛋糕。 􀳁14.A.workers　 B.patients C.parents　 D.nurses 解析：B　根据上文Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。worker工人；patient病人；parent父亲，母亲；nurse护士。 􀳁15.A.happiness　 B.recognition C.behavior　 D.admiration 解析：A　根据上文Then it’s time to share the gifts.可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。happiness幸福；recognition认可；behavior行为；admiration钦佩。 􀳁16.A.changes　 B.grows C.declines　 D.maintains 解析：B　根据下文But she doesn’t keep an exact count.可知，捐赠数量每年在增加。change改变；grow增加；decline下降；maintain保持。 􀳁17.A.Thus　 B.Somehow C.Sometimes　 D.Instead 解析：D　根据she judges by sight可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。thus因此；somehow莫名其妙地；sometimes有时候；instead反而。 􀳁18.A.reached　 B.included C.decorated　 D.covered 解析：D　根据上文We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖地毯多少判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。reach到达；include包括；decorate装饰；cover覆盖。 􀳁19.A.excitement　 B.effect C.inspiration　 D.feature 解析：B　根据下文“She puts a smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed at her 　20　 at such a young age.”可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响——给病人带来了快乐。excitement兴奋；effect影响；inspiration鼓舞；feature特色。 􀳁20.A.generosity　 B.exploration C.ambition　 D.progress 解析：A　艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。generosity慷慨；exploration探索；ambition抱负；progress进步。 􀳁21.A.promises　 B.aims C.efforts　 D.proposals 解析：C　根据inspired others to 　22　 in her footsteps和上文内容可知，艾拉作出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。promise诺言；aim目标；effort努力；proposal提议。 􀳁22.A.follow　 B.engage C.track　 D.mix 解析：A　follow in one’s steps效仿；跟随某人的脚步。follow跟随；engage参加；track追踪；mix混合。 􀳁23.A.received　 B.counted C.gathered　 D.donated 解析：D　朋友们效仿艾拉自然也在他们的生日时收集和捐赠礼物。receive收到；count计算；gather聚集；donate捐赠。 􀳁24.A.Responding　 B.Relating C.Giving　 D.Comparing 解析：C　艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。respond回应；relate与……有关；give给予；compare比较。 16 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $