专题01 阅读理解（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，全国通用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题01 阅读理解 ( 目录 学考要求速览 ...............................................................................................................1 必备知识梳理 ...............................................................................................................1 高频考点精讲 ...............................................................................................................6 进阶分级练 .................................................................................................................31 ) （一）整体理解 题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解主要考查对文章整体和局部信息的理解能力。整体信息指文章的主旨要义、作者的观点意图等；局部信息指分散于文本中的具体细节。这两种信息对应着阅读理解四大题型，即细节理解题、推理判断题、词句猜测题和主旨大意题。各种题型又衍生出多种考法。它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。 能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义转换和逻辑推理。 （二）重点关注方向 信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。 推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型的解题要点和常见命题方式。 词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词义。 主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。 考点（一）细节理解题 题型特点： 设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以 when, where, what 等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含 TRUE/FALSE 等）、以 “According to...” 开头的提问形式以及填空形式。 正确选项特征： 同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one's job换成了be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。 信息归纳 用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项。 干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 正误参半 部分正确，部分错误。 解题方法： 直接信息题：采用 “关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。 1. 依据题干信息，择定位关键词 细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查,且题目相对简单,所以,不必通篇细读全文,可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息 2. 依据关键词,回原文定位信息进行比对 确定了定位关键词后,运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行信息定位,然后将选项内容与原文信息比对,得出正确答案。 间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选项确定答案。 相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。 概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。 是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。 考点（二）推理判断题 题型分类及特点： 细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注意题干中常用的如 infer、indicate 等动词。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： It can be inferred from the text that ________. Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________. 观点、态度推理判断题： 文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要论点。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·What is the author’s opinion on ...? ·What does the author think about ...? ·From the passage we can conclude that ________. 作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表述。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is ________. ·The author’s attitude towards ...can be best described as ________. ·The tone of this passage is best described as ________. 写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The main purpose of this text is ________. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ________. The author writes this passage to ________. The author in this passage intends to ________. 解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文相符。 考点（三）词义猜测题 考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断，需根据短文语境推测。 猜词技巧： 根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。 根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。 根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。 根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。 根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。 根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。 根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如 but、however 等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词义。 考点（四）主旨大意题 题型分类及设问方式： 标题归纳题：常见设问如 “The best title of the passage is...” 等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The best title of the passage is ________. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What would be the best title for the passage? ·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______. 文章大意题：常见设问如 “What's the main idea/point of the passage?” 等，需通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What's the main idea/point of the passage? ·The passage is mainly about ________. ·The passage is mainly concerned about ________. ·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? 段落大意题：常见设问如 “What does the author tell us in Paragraph...?” 等，可通过概括段落逻辑结构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...? The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________. The first paragraph is mainly about ________. Which of the following can best summarize Para.1? What is the first paragraph mainly about? 解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法；学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。 例(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读C篇再开发) We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro­Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre­seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. ①[Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.] ②[In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.] BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste minimization by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee. 清除阅读障碍，词汇再开发 1．识别课纲词汇延伸词汇 pre­seeded adj.　　　预播种的 pesticide n. 杀虫剂 sustainability n. 可持续性 2．熟词新义 produce 　熟义：v.生产；产生本文词义：n.产品 green 熟义：adj.绿色的本文词义：n.[pl] 蔬菜 can 熟义：modal v．能，会；可以本文词义：n.金属罐 waste 熟义：v.浪费本文词义：n.废弃物，废料 3．分析疑难句式 ①Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad. 分析：句子的主干为having a system means zero emissions; where引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。 句意：而且，在食用地点的同一建筑里安装此系统，就能实现从土壤到沙拉整个运输过程的零排放。 ②In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. 分析：句子的主干为there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals; that引导定语从句，修饰pesticides and other chemicals; traditional farms和the surrounding environment在定语从句中作动词pollute的并列宾语。 句意：此外，没有必要使用污染传统农场和周围环境的杀虫剂及其他化学农药。 真题呈现 28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A．It guarantees the variety of food. B．It requires day­to­day care. C．It cuts the farm­to­table distance. D．It relies on farmer's markets. 细节理解题——定位信息准比对 先根据题干中的关键词定位原文中的信息源，再通过比对，在原文中找到与选项含义相同或相近的信息。28题解题思维流程如下： 根据题干关键词BMF和paragraph 1→第一段to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro­Farm (BMF) shortens it even more→选项C中的cuts ...distance→比对原文与选项含义相同(近)的信息，可知巴比伦微农场进一步缩短了运输路程。故选C。　 29．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 推理判断题——找准信息合情推理 先根据题干中的关键词定位原文中的信息源，再结合前后文语境，对文章信息做出合文意、合情理的推断。“立足原文，只推一步”是解推理判断题的基本原则，不可妄加推断、过度推断。 29题解题思维流程如下： 根据题干关键词BMF employees→最后一段第一句BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives→结合后文：约半数员工步行或骑自行车上班；办公室里减少垃圾桶数量；鼓励回收利用；减少废弃物、碳排放和化学制品。由此可以推断：BMF员工有强烈的环保意识。故选D。　　 30．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF's major strengths. B．BMF's general management. C．BMF's global influence. D．BMF's technical standards. 主旨大意题——基于语篇模式高度把握大意 主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解。不同的文体，其写作意图和表达主题有明显的不同，如记叙文重在写人记事，说明文重在阐明事理，议论文重在论证析理。所以，解主旨大意题，要具有文体意识，把握了文章写作模式和意图，再结合文章内容，这样概括出来的文章大意才有高度，才具深意。其解题流程为：先通读全文，了解大意，把握语篇模式，然后弄清语段之间的语义关系，继而概括各语段和文章大意。30题解题思维流程如下： 通读全文，确定语篇模式：问题—解决型 语段之间的语义关系：第一段，缩短农产品的运输距离；第二段，建立室内菜园系统，供应新鲜蔬菜；第三段，依靠新技术(提供植物生长的实时数据等)；第四段，零排放，不用杀虫剂和化学药品等；第五段，BMF员工践行可持续性发展的生活理念。 由此可概括文章的主旨大意：巴比伦微农场的优势。故选A。　　 31．(作者原创题)Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “minimization” in the last paragraph? A．Increase.　　　 B．Reduction. C．Expansion. D．Accumulation. 词句猜测题——依据上下文语境明其义 猜测词句类题目是高考阅读理解的常考题型，这类题型针对语篇中一些关键性的单词、短语或句子进行设问，要求考生猜测其含义。这些需要猜测的单词、短语或句子往往与上下文有紧密的逻辑关系，文章中往往会提供和这些词句相关的定义解释、提示词或者句子结构等，考生做题时要善于寻找并捕捉这些隐性提示，并关联上下文意进行猜测。这类题型分为词义猜测题、代词指代题和句意猜测题。 31题解题思维流程如下： 定位画线词所在句，最后一段第三句→依据下文语义：限制垃圾桶的数量，不用一次性塑料制品，鼓励回收利用，减少浪费 (waste minimization)→由此可猜测词义。故选B。 考点（一）细节理解题 例A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. •Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989. •Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927. •Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. •Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. •Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927. 21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 例B Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. … 24．What does the author seem to like about cherries? A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A. C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants. 例C At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. … 30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A．About 6,800.　　　 B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200. 考点（二）推理判断题 例D We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. … 32．What does the author think of new devices? A．They are environment­friendly. B．They are no better than the old. C．They cost more to use at home. D．They go out of style quickly. 例E We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. … 32．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A．Addiction to smartphones. B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C．Absence of communication between strangers. D．Impatience with slow service. 例F [1]Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. [2]Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. [3]When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer. [4]If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft­serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 27．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook.　 B．A health magazine. C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure. 考点 （三）词义猜测题 例G Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Complex.　　 　 　 B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern. 例H I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. 29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A．provider B．delivery man C．collector D．medical doctor 例I [2]Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. [3]It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. … 29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible. B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger. 考点（四）主旨大意题 例J Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11. “We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.” The eight­part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B．Balancing Our Daily Diet C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D．Cooking Well for Less 例K Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter­gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question­mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31．What is the main idea of the text? A．New languages will be created. B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution. 例L Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23­gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. … 28．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Transition. B．The advantages of flying cars. C．The potential market for flying cars. D．The designers of the Transition. A Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings. Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do — more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”. Aged communities, which have developed and changed organically over an extended period, possess unique cultures of their own. The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment. Opting not to sustain such architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance. Building “green” can be about preserving time-honored, local building traditions that respect regional cultures, rather than just using the latest and greatest technologies. The building materials and craftsmanship are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development. As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization of pre-existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings. As Carl Elefante of Quinn-Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention. 1．How do most people address old buildings? A．They restore them actively. B．They take them seriously. C．They explore them fully. D．They treat them lightly. 2．Why does the author mention his little river cottage in the passage? A．To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions. B．To demonstrate the shortage of building materials. C．To display the attachment to the old constructions. D．To explain the complexity of building houses. 3．What do the data in paragraph 4 imply about old buildings? A．They are more efficient than the new buildings. B．They can clear away the bad effects on farms nearby. C．They can help avoid more environmental pollution. D．They consumed less energy in the construction process. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Cultural Value of Green Buildings B．New Constructions Should Be Given Priority C．The Green Value of Keeping Old Buildings D．Building Craftsmanship Should Be Respected B “Depend on (依靠) yourself” is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself. There have been many men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few. They could not depend upon themselves for an education. They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well-known. One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, “I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help make men of yourselves.” Some young men don’t try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievement (成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts. 5．Which of the following titles fits this article best? A．What Nature Says to Every Man B．How to Be Famous C．Men Must Help Each Other D．Depend on Yourself 6．Many of the great men succeeded because ________. A．they wanted to become well-known B．they made great efforts to learn and work C．they received a good education D．they had rich parents 7．If young people depend on their own efforts, ________. A．they are sure to be very famous in the world B．they can be successful in their lives C．they can live without their families D．they no longer need any help 8．From this article we can learn the writer ________. A．sings high praise for parents and teachers B．is a man of strong character C．thinks highly of those who are struggling or successful D．feels it necessary to accept everyone’s advice C Imagine meeting a foreigner for the first time but he/she is fluent in your language. There may appear to be no immediate communication barrier. Would you adapt the tone of your voice, or the spacing of pauses in your speech? How about altering your body language and facial expressions, depending on the background of the person in front of you? These are just a small part of the changes in behaviour that can improve your “cultural intelligence”, or CQ. There is growing evidence that suggests that they are well worth learning. “The number one predictor of your success in today’s borderless world is not your IQ, not your resume (简历), and not even your expertise (专业知识),” writes social scientist David Livermore. “It’s your CQ.” Much of the research on CQ has been done by Professor Soon Ang with the Nanyang Technological University (新加坡南洋理工大学). In the late 1990s, her job was dealing with the “Y2K bug”. It was a software glitch (故障) that was feared would bring down the world’s computer networks. Ang put together an international team of programmers to update computer systems in Singapore. They were some of the brightest minds in the industry. However, Ang soon found that these people just couldn’t work together. Often, individual members would appear to agree on a solution, but then carry it out in completely different ways. Clearly, it wasn’t a question of language skills or expertise. Instead, she saw that these employees were stumbling (绊倒) over each other’s cultural differences. This would lead Ang to work with psychologist (心理学家) P. Christopher Earley. Together they built a theory of CQ. They defined it as “the capability to function effectively in a variety of cultural contexts (背景)”. Someone with a low CQ might view everyone else’s behaviour through his own cultural lens. If he comes from a more sociable environment, for instance, and notices that his Japanese colleagues are very quiet in a meeting, he may think that they are being unfriendly. In aviation (航空业), such cultural differences might cause a breakdown in communication between pilots and air traffic controllers. The consequences would be unthinkable. A person at the top of the scale, meanwhile, might realize that silence is a sign of respect. In Japanese culture, feedback often won’t be given unless it is asked for. As a result, he/she will offer suitable opportunities within the meeting for others to provide their opinions. 9．According to the article, which of the following statements about CQ is NOT true? A．It is an important factor in today’s job market. B．It refers to one’s ability to identify cultural differences. C．It was put forward by Soon Ang and P. Christopher Earley. D．It shows in the way one changes their body language and facial expressions when they engage in cross-cultural communication. 10．What does the last but one paragraph mainly talk about? A．The characteristics of someone with a low CQ. B．The typical way a Japanese person acts during a meeting. C．The importance of effective communication between colleagues. D．The fact that a low CQ could possibly lead to serious consequences. 11．The underlined phrase “A person at the top of the scale” in the last paragraph probably refers to someone who _________. A．has a high CQ B．is more sociable C．holds a high social status D．ranks high in the workplace 12．We can infer from the article that _________. A．good knowledge and language capacity form the basis for a high CQ B．the most effective way of improving one’s CQ is to join an international team C．people who come from more sociable environments will probably have higher CQ D．CQ could be very important for anyone who interacts with people from different backgrounds D Ten years ago, when Kelik Suparno heard the song of a bird, he thought of money. A single bird could bring him much at a busy market. Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible. Indonesia has become the center of what experts call the Asian songbird crisis (危机). Across the country, the illegal (非法的) trade of wild birds puts at least 26 kinds of birds in danger. The crisis is worsened by the growing popularity of birdsong competitions, where owners of caged (笼中的) birds compete for prizes. These events attract thousands each year and have created a nationwide market. As a result, wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears that many birds could vanish in the near future. For centuries, keeping songbirds has been a tradition in Java. Today, up to 84 million caged birds are believed to be kept on the island. For many, birds stand for success and bring a sense of peace. In Yogyakarta, the cultural “soul” of Java, waking to the sound of a bird’s gentle call is considered a good thing. This culture, however, now stands in direct conflict(冲突) with the need to protect wildlife. Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers. Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters. 13．What does Suparno do for a living now? A．He trains nature guides. B．He focuses on bird protection. C．He holds bird competitions. D．He sells home-raised birds. 14．What does the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Grow. C．Compete. D．Return. 15．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The popularity of wild birds. B．The rules in the birdsong competition. C．The challenges facing the bird keepers. D．The way to stop wild birds being caught. 16．What can be known about bird protection in Indonesia? A．It remains hopeless. B．Everyone has a role to play. C．Hunters should give up traditions. D．It sets a good example to others. E Cuckoos (杜鹃) are a familiar and beloved species in the UK, whose arrival marks the beginning of summer. They make a long journey from their wintering grounds in Africa to raise its young on the British Isles. However, the cuckoo population in the UK is falling sharply. Since 1995, the number of breeding cuckoos has dropped by 35%. To understand why this is happening, researchers at the British Trust for ornithology (鸟类学) are now using high-tech equipment to find answers. Researchers have been attaching satellite tags (标签) to cuckoos, which send out real-time location data. This data reveals how long cuckoos spend in the UK, when they leave, and which migration (迁徙) routes they take between the UK and Africa. The hope is that this data will give scientists a detailed understanding of cuckoo migration, the threats they face along the way, and the conservation measures that could be adopted to improve their chances of survival. The tags have already revealed many insights into cuckoo migration. It’s hoped that as data keeps coming in, scientists will better understand the factors that influence whether cuckoos survive their migration, and therefore the best ways to help protect the species. It’s not just the scientists who have been eagerly tracking the tagged birds, though. The tags provide live location data which is published on an online map. Members of the public can therefore watch the cuckoos’ incredible journeys, too, and if you click on the individuals on the map, you can find out more about each bird. “This ongoing project opens a significant window on the wonders of migration, and our discoveries are helping to shape the way we look at bird migration more widely,” says lead scientist on the project, Dr. Chris Hewson. “It will also lay a foundation (基础) from which cuckoo conservation measures can be planned, increasing the likelihood that the call of these birds will grace our summers for generations to come.” 17．What is the purpose of the British Trust for ornithology’s research? A．To find out why there are fewer and fewer cuckoos. B．To find out what happened to cuckoos’ habitat. C．To test out how to make an online map for Africa. D．To test out how high-tech equipment can be used in the research. 18．How can the public be involved in the cuckoo tracking project according to the passage? A．By contributing funds to the research. B．By following the live location data online. C．By observing the birds in their natural habitat. D．By participating in bird watching tours. 19．Which statement may Dr. Chris Hewson agree with about the project? A．It inspires the public’s passion for technology. B．It shows the exact population of cuckoos in the UK. C．It lays a foundation for the species’ conservation. D．It will help cuckoos choose a safer migration route. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Cuckoos’ Migration Routes B．Conservation Measures for Birds C．Decline of New Species in the UK D．Tracking Cuckoos’ Journeys F Much like beauty, art is in the eye of the beholder. The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody. Studies into art preferences date back to the 1930s — most of them examining the extent to which people like or dislike different paintings. Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits (特征) than to social class, age, or gender. In particular, a personality trait called “openness” is the best predictor of whether individuals are interested in art. On the other side, those who identify as “conscientious (一丝不苟的)”, are often less drawn to the arts. These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century of research. The model claims that each personality is composed of a combination of five core traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. Rather than stating a person as being either shy or outgoing, the Big Five Model believes that everyone lies somewhere between the two extremes. Personality traits may also affect the way people visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’ eye movements as they studied abstract artwork. The majority of participants concentrated on the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half of the brain is specialized for visual and spatial processing, and also plays a significant role in processing the emotions that art draws out. However, participants who tended toward emotional instability focused on the left side of the picture, and those with mental disease paid more attention to the bottom of the picture. However, current research on personality and art still has clear limitations, reminding us that people’s preferences for art are as complicated as art itself. But if you’re looking for a quick test of someone’s general personality traits, it doesn’t hurt to look at what’s hanging on their walls. 21．What is the strongest factor in determining a person’s interest in art? A．Age and gender. B．Personality characteristics. C．Social class. D．Educational background. 22．What can we learn about the Big Five Model? A．It can explain why our art taste changes. B．It is well-supported by artists worldwide. C．Everyone can fit into one of the five types. D．It is a universally-recognized measuring model. 23．According to the passage, a person focusing on the upper-right part of a painting is probably ______. A．moody B．unconcerned C．perceptive D．warlike 24．What is the best title of this passage? A．How to discover your art preference? B．Why is art appealing to many people? C．How to reveal one’s personality traits? D．What does your taste in art say about you? G Since 2010, nearly every country has seen an increase in the number of cancer patients. The WHO reports one in six people will develop cancer in their lifetime. At least 10 million people will die from the disease every year. If the current trend continues, new cancer cases will rise by 60 percent by the year 2040. In low- and middle-income countries, they will rise by more than 80 percent. Andre Ilbawi, WHO’s technical officer in cancer control, says more people are dying from cancer in poorer countries. Controlling the disease does not have to cost a lot. The WHO report, he explained, shows that by investing in cancer services, governments can save 7 million lives by 2030. “And that is at the cost of $2.70 per person in low-income countries and $8.15 per person in upper middle-income countries. This is feasible,” Ilbawi said. WHO says cancer does not have to be a death sentence. Prevention works. There have been great improvements in research on cancer prevention and treatment. These measures are successfully keeping many people alive who otherwise would have died. Preventive policies can work in powerful ways to reduce not only cancer numbers and death rates, but also the social and economic inequality in cancer cases. An example of such a policy is one that reduces workers’ contact with cancer-causing materials. Other examples are measures to control tobacco use, vaccination against cancer-causing infectious agents and testing for early stages of cancer. In its report, WHO describes a series of measures proven to help in preventing new cancer cases. For example, it notes that tobacco-related diseases are responsible for 25 percent of cancer deaths. Deciding not to smoke, it says, can save billions of dollars and millions of lives. WHO adds that a vaccine against hepatitis B (乙肝) can prevent liver cancer. It notes another vaccine against HPV can nearly fight off cervical cancer (宫颈癌). 25．How does the author lead in the topic? A．By citing specific data. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving a vivid example. D．By clarifying a personal viewpoint. 26．What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Practicable. B．Valuable. C．incredible. D．Responsible. 27．What is the author’s attitude towards cancer prevention? A．Unclear. B．Unconcerned. C．Hopeful. D．Critical. 28．What can be the suitable title for the text? A．The Latest Report By The WHO. B．Prevention Is Better Than cure. C．Cancers Increasing But Not a Death Sentence. D．WHO: Cancer Poses a Great Threat To Humanity. 一、阅读理解 A No matter where you are on your running journey or what your goals are, having a little help tracking the miles, keeping an eye on your heart rate, or setting your pace can make a world of difference. In this month’s issue of Runner’s Gear Review, we test the latest running watches and here come the 4 Best Running watches of 2025. Garmin Forerunner 265 It offers a lot more than just basic navigation and heart rate monitoring. It can track your sleep, recovery, heart rate, exercise quality, and more, which you can check in real time or a daily health report. List Price: $449.99 Battery Life: Up to 13 days in Smartwatch Mode Amazfit Band 7 Who said you need to spend hundreds of dollars to get a great running watch? With the Amazfit Band 7, you get everything you need for tracking your next run. Despite its affordable price, it’s still comfortable to wear and has lots of different colors to pick from for the wristband. List Price: $49.99 Battery Life: Up to 18 days Garmin Forerunner 55 If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch is a great way to get a multi-use tool you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day. The Garmin Forerunner 55 has many excellent features with impressive designs. List Price: $199.99 Battery Life: Up to 14 days in Smartwatch Mode Polar Vantage V2 Running a marathon is serious business, so you want a running watch that takes your training seriously, too. The Polar Vantage V2 tracks just about everything you can think of when you’re training, when you’re not training, and when you’re asleep, which describe a convincing picture of your fitness, overall health, and activity levels, which gives you lots of information to work with when it comes to planning your next marathon. List Price: $499.95 Battery Life: Up to 7 days 1．What makes Amazfit Band 7 different from the others? A．It has the lowest price. B．It has a great GPS system. C．The battery life is the shortest. D．It offers daily health information. 2．If you are a green hand in running watches, which one is your best choice? A．Garmin Forerunner 265. B．Amazfit Band 7. C．Garmin Forerunner 55. D．Polar Vantage V2. 3．Where is this passage most likely to be taken from? A．A tech-lover blog B．A science-fiction novel C．A daily sports newspaper D．A sports and fitness magazine B For many students, staying awake all night to study is common practice. According to Medical News Today, around 20 percent of students pull all-nighters at least once a month, and about 35 percent stay up past three in the morning once or more weekly. That being said, staying up all night to study is one of the worst things students can do for their grades. In October of 2022, two MIT professors found a relationship between sleep and test scores: the less students slept during the semester, the worse their scores. So, why is it that sleep is so important for test scores? In the last 20 years, scientists have found that sleep impacts more than just students’ ability to perform well; it improves their ability to learn, memorize, retain (保存), recall, and use their new knowledge to solve problems creatively, which contributes to better test scores. When learning facts and information, most of what we learn is temporarily stored in a region of the brain called the hippocampus (海马体). Some scientists believe that, like most storage centers, the hippocampus has limited storage capacity. This means, if the hippocampus is full, and we try to learn more information, we won’t be able to. In one study, a group of 44 participants underwent two sessions of learning, once at noon and again at 6:00 PM. Half of the group was allowed to nap (小睡) between sessions, while the other half took part in standard activities. The researchers found that the group that napped between learning sessions learned just as easily at 6:00 PM as they did at noon. The group that didn’t nap, however, experienced a significant decrease in learning ability. It’s no surprise that the MIT study previously mentioned revealed no improvement in scores for those who only guarantee good sleep the night before a big test. In fact, the MIT researchers concluded that if students want to see an improvement in their test scores, they have to guarantee good sleep during the entire learning process. 4．What did the two MIT professors find in 2022? A．Most students were lacking in sleep. B．Students were under too much pressure. C．Good sleep improved students’ memory. D．Insufficient sleep worsened students’ grades. 5．According to some scientists, what will happen if our hippocampus fills up? A．We’ll forget things easily. B．We’ll fail to learn new things. C．We’ll get ready to think creatively. D．We’ll activate other parts of our brain. 6．What may the MIT researchers advise students to do to improve their test scores? A．Study late before a test. B．Sleep as much as you can. C．Form good sleep habits. D．Focus on study during the daytime. 7．How does the author try to prove his point? A．By offering research results. B．By providing experts’ views. C．By analyzing some theories. D．By sharing some experiences. C Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields. For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years. The chemical weathering (风化) of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term. “Over much shorter human timescales, this stable form of CO2 acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2,”says Jacobson. Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change? Enhanced rock weathering was proposed as a strategy of decreasing carbon emissions decades ago but only recently gained interest. An article in a 2020 magazine estimated that enhanced weathering could remove up to 2 billion tons of CO2 annually from the atmosphere by 2050. Jacobson is leading a team of researchers to investigate this negative emissions technology. In a series of experimental systems that simulate natural conditions at the garden, researchers will test the effects from adding different types of rock to soils used to grow various crops. The soil additives will include a volcanic rock that chemically weathers faster than other rocks and minerals, potentially speeding up CO2 capture and storage. 8．What does Jacobson stress about Earth science in paragraph 2? A．Its scientific origin as a principle. B．Its present limitations in carbon capture. C．Its potential role in achieving climate goals. D．Its logical accuracy in temperature prediction. 9．What is mainly discussed in paragraph 3 concerning rocks? A．The process of their weathering. B．The reasons for their formation. C．Their natural structures. D．Their stable chemical composition. 10．What is the main function of the question in paragraph 4? A．To summarize the previous paragraph. B．To doubt the content of a magazine. C．To introduce the following solution. D．To show the fast rate of climate change. 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Humans Stabilize Earth’s Climate? B．Is Farming the Key to Carbon Capture? C．What Is the Chemical Weathering of Rocks? D．How Do Carbon Emissions Speed up Global Warming? 一、阅读理解 A Guizhou, a less-known province to international travelers located in Southwest China, is the only province in China without any plains and is home to 17 ethnic (种族的) groups. It is a “natural park” with beautiful mountains and amazing rivers, and a “cultural hub” with multiple minorities and unique ethnic customs. So, when you visit Guizhou, you will not only enjoy its unbelievable landscapes, but also personally experience its unique ethnic customs, cultures and festivals. Miao Villages Among the 17 ethnic groups in Guizhou, Miao minority has the largest population which are widely scattered (分散的) with complicated branches. Miao people have very distinctive features in costumes, food, music, batik (蜡染) and festivals in different areas. “San Yue San” Festival, Miao New Year Festival, sour soup and stilted buildings (Diaojiaolou) are the common symbols of Miao. To fully explore Miao cultures, you’d better to go to Kaili and its surroundings. Dong Villages Dong people (also known as Kam) are another large ethnic minority in China. About 55 percent of them live in Guizhou Province, with a population about 1.6 million. Dong people have their own language and featured architectures. Exquisite drum towers and beautiful village gate become the most important symbols of Dong. Numerous Dong villages are scattered in the remote mountains in those counties. Of course, you can experience the festivals — Grand Song of Dong People, and see Wind and Rain Bridges and Drum Towers in the villages. 1．What is special about Guizhou? A．It has the most ethnic groups. B．It is the only province without plains. C．It is popular with international travelers. D．It has the largest number of natural parks. 2．What can people experience in both Miao and Dong villages? A．Make batik and sing the Grand Song. B．Taste sour soup and visit Wind and Rain Bridges. C．Enjoy ethnic festivals and see traditional buildings. D．Wear special costumes and speak their own languages. 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A travel brochure. C．An encyclopedia. D．A history magazine. B At 17 years old, most are still learning basic driving skills in America. Once the car is parked, the day is packed with school activities and hanging out with friends. But at 17, Maggie Taraska had a distinctive goal in mind: Fly alone across the United States. Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood. She went to flight school, put in the hours with an instructor and started on her training hours. But on her first takeoff, something didn’t sound right. The plane had lost one of the landing gear wheels. “As soon as I took off, I just heard something was wrong instinctively,” said Maggie. Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself. “I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened; I was thinking about how my parents were on the ground as I knew they were watching.” Stress and panic can cause any of us to make careless decisions. It takes mental practice to calm down. “Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.” Maggie was a little shaky as she talked to the tower, but she had a perfect belly landing that skidded on the infield grass. Her father couldn’t be prouder. “By the time I saw Maggie on her approach, it was a better approach than I could have flown,” he said. Cheers erupted in the tower, and Maggie took a deep breath and climbed out of the plane. Credit does go to the crew for talking to her. Yes, we all need someone to talk us through challenging times, but in the end, it was all Magic at the controls. We could all be forgiven for calling it quits after an experience like that. After all, it was a bit distressing. So walking away would be understandable. But five days later, Maggie was going through her pre-flight safety inspections, checking the wings, especially checking the landing gear. “It feels amazing,” she said, “It gives an incredible sense of liberation.” At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you. 4．What mainly influenced Maggie’s urge to fly alone? A．Her parents’ background in air force. B．Her experience of school activities. C．Her instructor’s encouragements. D．Her basic driving skills. 5．What did Maggie do when hearing something wrong during takeoff? A．She landed the plane immediately. B．She thought of her parents’ expectation. C．She circled a few times to calm herself down. D．She continued flying as if nothing had happened. 6．Which words would best describe Maggie’s personality? A．Proud and intelligent. B．Positive and cautious. C．Patient and responsible. D．Fearless and determined. 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．A good beginning is half done. C．Fortune favors the brave. D．Practice makes perfect. C After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people stare at the Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not due to a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go. Take other celebrated works of art. Until the end of the 19th century Michelangelo’s “David” had only his fig leaf to protect him from the weather in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. He attracted more pigeons than visitors; visitors preferred the artists’ sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the famous “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers were crazy about “Venus de Medici”, a delicate sculpture most people alive today have never heard of. Much as in art, the classics of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today, Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919. “The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence. 8．What made the painting “Mona Lisa” well-known? A．Its innovative artistic techniques. B．The incident of it being stolen. C．The public’s curiosity concerning its creator. D．The long-term research on it by scholars. 9．What does Rochelle think of classics? A．Enduring. B．Fading. C．Changeable. D．Admirable. 10．How does the author develop paragraph 4? A．By studying the causes for people’s shifting opinions. B．By tracing the historical development of public taste standards. C．By citing examples of some forgotten classics regaining fame. D．By comparing the artistic values of different classic works. 11．What might ultimately discourage the development of classics? A．The ignorance of culture. B．The course of time. C．The evolution of tastes. D．The lack of criticism. D Los Angeles is famous for its complex and busy highways. It is also one of the only two cities in the world where big cats wander wild inside the city area. But big cats and highways do not mix, which is why Los Angeles will soon be home to one of the world’s biggest wildlife corridors (走廊) . The cats are mountain lions. They live in the Santa Monica Mountains. Their numbers are stable. They live mostly in the wild. The ecology is healthy, thanks in part to the lions. Yet animals can come under threat without habitat loss. Genetic degradation (退化) can be just as deadly. Cutting through the mountains is Route 101, carrying up to 10, 000 vehicles an hour. It cuts the Santa Monica range off from a larger wilderness to the north. The southern area is not big enough for all the lions. The result is many lions are trapped on an environmental island, with inbreeding (近亲繁殖) and genetic degradation. A study in 2016 found that, given their environment, the Santa Monica mountain lions’ chances of extinction in 50 years would be 15-22%; because of their genetic deterioration, the chance of extinction was more like 99.7%. California government has its solution. There are healthy mountain-lion populations north of the Santa Monica range, isolated by the ribbon of road. Hidden cameras show the animals standing at the side of the highway, not daring to cross. The solution is a 165-foot-wide dirt bridge which would allow them to travel high over the traffic. Such corridors have worked elsewhere, from large spans for deer over the Trans-Canada highway to a small clawbridge for migrating red crabs (红蟹) on Christmas Island. Last month the governor, Gavin Newsom, launched construction. The animals become sexually mature at 2.5 to 3 years and have babies every other year. So within ten years of the corridor’s completion the great-grandchildren of the first mating beyond the mountains could have cubs. Genetically, even a few matings would make a difference. “We’ll definitely save the mountain lion,” thinks Paul Edelman of the Mountains recreation and Conservation Authority. “It’s just a matter of how long it takes. ” 12．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．To tell the importance of Route 101. B．To show the threat lions are facing. C．To describe the living environment of lions. D．To discuss the importance of protecting lions. 13．Which word can replace the underlined word in the passage? A．separated B．connected C．polluted D．decorated 14．Why does the writer mention the example of “red crabs” in paragraph 4? A．To show the effectiveness of the corridor. B．To indicate the large population of crabs. C．To strengthen the importance of highways. D．To compare the difference between lions and crabs. 15．What is the title of the passage? A．Human and Lions — Living in Harmony B．Protect the Lions — Offering Them Freedom C．Save the Lions — Time to Take Action D．The Threat Lions Are Facing — Lack of habitat 七选五 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. 16 . Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. 17 . Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. 18 . For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). 19 . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. 20 ! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A．It’s important to be a good tourist B．Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C．The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D．Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E．The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F．Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G．One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 二、完形填空 When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a 21 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 22 . Every day, Dad 23 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 24 . We went through diverse 25 , from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West. One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 26 a particularly rough path. 27 , I froze, not knowing what to do. That’s when my parents 28 . As Dad showed me footholds (立足处), Mom, with calming 29 , reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I restored (恢复) the confidence as my feet 30 solid ground again. When I finally 31 my fear, I felt we became 32 as a family. From then on, every evening, we’d 33 around a campfire for what we affectionately called “Family Reflection Time.” We’d share laughs, tears, and insights from the day’s experiences. The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t 34 about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 35 together. 21．A．formal B．physical C．dangerous D．necessary 22．A．relationships B．destinations C．arrangements D．civilizations 23．A．guided B．confused C．followed D．contacted 24．A．experiments B．stations C．locations D．events 25．A．cultures B．landscapes C．tracks D．countries 26．A．gave up B．cleaned up C．picked out D．came across 27．A．Frightened B．Annoyed C．Curious D．Surprised 28．A．showed off B．stood up C．stepped in D．turned back 29．A．words B．lectures C．songs D．pictures 30．A．left B．broke C．found D．missed 31．A．expressed B．recognized C．hid D．overcame 32．A．nicer B．larger C．braver D．closer 33．A．walk B．gather C．run D．look 34．A．usually B．actually C．merely D．obviously 35．A．challenges B．failures C．cheats D．mistakes 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Simply tap the touch screen to take a photo, and discover which Terracotta Warrior you resemble (相像) based on facial data 36 (take) from the statues. This is one of the 37 (interaction) programs at the 2025 World Internet Conference Cultural Heritage Digitalization Forum. Time-honored monuments, manuscripts, and 38 (artwork) are increasingly at risk from the passage of time, natural disasters and even human conflict. In light of these threats, digitalization plays an important role in both preserving these invaluable treasures and sharing them with 39 global audience. One of the displays is a six-legged robot dog developed by China’s tech giant Lenovo. 40 (weigh) 30 kg, the robot conducted inspection within Yingxian Pagoda in north China’s Shanxi Province, the tallest and oldest wooden multi-story structure in the world. Operating in a non-contact manner, it 41 (equip) with 3D modeling cameras to collect and analyze real-time data on cracks and peeling paint on the pagoda’s interior, without causing any damage. Participants 42 (stress) the need for both local and global efforts to address challenges such as technology and inclusivity, including bridging the digital divide 43 countries while respecting diverse traditions and histories. They also called for establishing more collaborative platforms, 44 would help share knowledge and technology, alongside common digital standards 45 (ensure) that cultural data remains accessible for future generations. Heritage is global, and so must be our efforts to protect it. 四、书信写作 46．假定你是校学生会主席李华，在你校“读书月”活动到来之际，为呼吁学生多读书，读好书，请你以学生会的名义，为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1. 读书的好处； 2. 发出倡议。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear boys and girls, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 五、书面表达 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Michael saw it all. For a whole year, the cold war between his father and uncle had hung over their family like a winter fog that wouldn’t go away. It all started because of an old toolbox — made by hand by Grandpa’s father, and both brothers really loved it. When Dad and Uncle Thomas were boys, they’d crowded around Grandpa at that toolbox every weekend and did many interesting things. It was more than a toolbox — it’s what holds their most precious childhood memories. After Grandpa died, Uncle Thomas took it home to fix it up, but Dad thought he was keeping it for himself. “You always take the best things first,” Dad said angrily. Uncle Thomas said right back, “At least I’m not letting it go bad!” After that, doors were shut hard, and they never spoke again. Dad used to laugh so loudly that the neighbours would knock on the wall. But now he moved around like a shadow— mornings were quiet without the sound of his favourite coffee cup; evenings were spent looking at the dark fireplace without a word, where he and Uncle Thomas once roasted bread at Christmas. One weekend afternoon, Michael found his dad on the porch (门廊) looking at an old photo. It showed Dad and Uncle Thomas standing side by side at the workbench, big smiles on their faces. “Why don’t you call Uncle Thomas?” Michael asked. His father said in a low voice, “Some things can’t be fixed, son.” But Michael didn’t agree. He had seen his mum mend his torn jumper with a needle and thread, and he knew Auntie Lucy still called Mum to ask how Dad was doing. Maybe broken relationships just needed someone to try and make them better. The next day, Michael found his dad’s old lunchbox, the very one Grandpa had given to Dad and Uncle Thomas when they were teenagers, and that the two brothers had even shared when they worked together. Michael then went to the market and bought all of Uncle Thomas’s favourite foods with his pocket money: warm meat pies, hot sauce, and sweet biscuits. Even though his shirt got dirty and his shoes muddy, Michael was happy seeing the lunchbox full. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Standing at Uncle Thomas’s door, Michael’s heart was beating fast. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, the doorbell rang again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 / 40 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解 ( 目录 学考要求速览 ...............................................................................................................1 必备知识梳理 ...............................................................................................................1 高频考点精讲 ...............................................................................................................6 进阶分级练 .................................................................................................................31 ) （一）整体理解 题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解主要考查对文章整体和局部信息的理解能力。整体信息指文章的主旨要义、作者的观点意图等；局部信息指分散于文本中的具体细节。这两种信息对应着阅读理解四大题型，即细节理解题、推理判断题、词句猜测题和主旨大意题。各种题型又衍生出多种考法。它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。 能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义转换和逻辑推理。 （二）重点关注方向 信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。 推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型的解题要点和常见命题方式。 词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词义。 主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。 考点（一）细节理解题 题型特点： 设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以 when, where, what 等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含 TRUE/FALSE 等）、以 “According to...” 开头的提问形式以及填空形式。 正确选项特征： 同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one's job换成了be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。 信息归纳 用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项。 干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 正误参半 部分正确，部分错误。 解题方法： 直接信息题：采用 “关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。 1. 依据题干信息，择定位关键词 细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查,且题目相对简单,所以,不必通篇细读全文,可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息 2. 依据关键词,回原文定位信息进行比对 确定了定位关键词后,运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行信息定位,然后将选项内容与原文信息比对,得出正确答案。 间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选项确定答案。 相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。 概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。 是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。 考点（二）推理判断题 题型分类及特点： 细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注意题干中常用的如 infer、indicate 等动词。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： It can be inferred from the text that ________. Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________. 观点、态度推理判断题： 文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要论点。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·What is the author’s opinion on ...? ·What does the author think about ...? ·From the passage we can conclude that ________. 作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表述。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is ________. ·The author’s attitude towards ...can be best described as ________. ·The tone of this passage is best described as ________. 写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The main purpose of this text is ________. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ________. The author writes this passage to ________. The author in this passage intends to ________. 解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文相符。 考点（三）词义猜测题 考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断，需根据短文语境推测。 猜词技巧： 根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。 根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。 根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。 根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。 根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。 根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。 根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如 but、however 等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词义。 考点（四）主旨大意题 题型分类及设问方式： 标题归纳题：常见设问如 “The best title of the passage is...” 等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The best title of the passage is ________. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What would be the best title for the passage? ·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______. 文章大意题：常见设问如 “What's the main idea/point of the passage?” 等，需通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What's the main idea/point of the passage? ·The passage is mainly about ________. ·The passage is mainly concerned about ________. ·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? 段落大意题：常见设问如 “What does the author tell us in Paragraph...?” 等，可通过概括段落逻辑结构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...? The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________. The first paragraph is mainly about ________. Which of the following can best summarize Para.1? What is the first paragraph mainly about? 解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法；学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。 例(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读C篇再开发) We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro­Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre­seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. ①[Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.] ②[In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.] BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste minimization by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee. 清除阅读障碍，词汇再开发 1．识别课纲词汇延伸词汇 pre­seeded adj.　　　预播种的 pesticide n. 杀虫剂 sustainability n. 可持续性 2．熟词新义 produce 　熟义：v.生产；产生本文词义：n.产品 green 熟义：adj.绿色的本文词义：n.[pl] 蔬菜 can 熟义：modal v．能，会；可以本文词义：n.金属罐 waste 熟义：v.浪费本文词义：n.废弃物，废料 3．分析疑难句式 ①Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad. 分析：句子的主干为having a system means zero emissions; where引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。 句意：而且，在食用地点的同一建筑里安装此系统，就能实现从土壤到沙拉整个运输过程的零排放。 ②In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. 分析：句子的主干为there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals; that引导定语从句，修饰pesticides and other chemicals; traditional farms和the surrounding environment在定语从句中作动词pollute的并列宾语。 句意：此外，没有必要使用污染传统农场和周围环境的杀虫剂及其他化学农药。 真题呈现 28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A．It guarantees the variety of food. B．It requires day­to­day care. C．It cuts the farm­to­table distance. D．It relies on farmer's markets. 细节理解题——定位信息准比对 先根据题干中的关键词定位原文中的信息源，再通过比对，在原文中找到与选项含义相同或相近的信息。28题解题思维流程如下： 根据题干关键词BMF和paragraph 1→第一段to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro­Farm (BMF) shortens it even more→选项C中的cuts ...distance→比对原文与选项含义相同(近)的信息，可知巴比伦微农场进一步缩短了运输路程。故选C。　 29．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 推理判断题——找准信息合情推理 先根据题干中的关键词定位原文中的信息源，再结合前后文语境，对文章信息做出合文意、合情理的推断。“立足原文，只推一步”是解推理判断题的基本原则，不可妄加推断、过度推断。 29题解题思维流程如下： 根据题干关键词BMF employees→最后一段第一句BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives→结合后文：约半数员工步行或骑自行车上班；办公室里减少垃圾桶数量；鼓励回收利用；减少废弃物、碳排放和化学制品。由此可以推断：BMF员工有强烈的环保意识。故选D。　　 30．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF's major strengths. B．BMF's general management. C．BMF's global influence. D．BMF's technical standards. 主旨大意题——基于语篇模式高度把握大意 主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解。不同的文体，其写作意图和表达主题有明显的不同，如记叙文重在写人记事，说明文重在阐明事理，议论文重在论证析理。所以，解主旨大意题，要具有文体意识，把握了文章写作模式和意图，再结合文章内容，这样概括出来的文章大意才有高度，才具深意。其解题流程为：先通读全文，了解大意，把握语篇模式，然后弄清语段之间的语义关系，继而概括各语段和文章大意。30题解题思维流程如下： 通读全文，确定语篇模式：问题—解决型 语段之间的语义关系：第一段，缩短农产品的运输距离；第二段，建立室内菜园系统，供应新鲜蔬菜；第三段，依靠新技术(提供植物生长的实时数据等)；第四段，零排放，不用杀虫剂和化学药品等；第五段，BMF员工践行可持续性发展的生活理念。 由此可概括文章的主旨大意：巴比伦微农场的优势。故选A。　　 31．(作者原创题)Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “minimization” in the last paragraph? A．Increase.　　　 B．Reduction. C．Expansion. D．Accumulation. 词句猜测题——依据上下文语境明其义 猜测词句类题目是高考阅读理解的常考题型，这类题型针对语篇中一些关键性的单词、短语或句子进行设问，要求考生猜测其含义。这些需要猜测的单词、短语或句子往往与上下文有紧密的逻辑关系，文章中往往会提供和这些词句相关的定义解释、提示词或者句子结构等，考生做题时要善于寻找并捕捉这些隐性提示，并关联上下文意进行猜测。这类题型分为词义猜测题、代词指代题和句意猜测题。 31题解题思维流程如下： 定位画线词所在句，最后一段第三句→依据下文语义：限制垃圾桶的数量，不用一次性塑料制品，鼓励回收利用，减少浪费 (waste minimization)→由此可猜测词义。故选B。 考点（一）细节理解题 例A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. •Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989. •Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927. •Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. •Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. •Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927. 21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 21 题 选 D 根据文中第一段最后一句 “However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.”，明确指出 Circus Maximus 能容纳大约 250,000 人，题干问其容纳人数，所以选 D，属于直接细节理解题。 22 题 选 C 文中给出 Michigan Stadium 开放于 1927 年 10 月 1 日；Beaver Stadium 开放于 1960 年 9 月 17 日；Ohio Stadium 开放于 1922 年 10 月 7 日；Kyle Field 开放于 1927 年 9 月 24 日，对比各体育场开放时间可知 Ohio Stadium 最早，题目问最古老的体育场，所以选 C，属于直接细节理解题。 例B Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. … 24．What does the author seem to like about cherries? A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A. C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants. 选 C 根据该段最后一句 “As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C．” 可知，原文中的 they are so delicious 被替换成选项中的 They have a pleasant taste，为间接细节理解题。所以选 C。 例C At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. … 30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A．About 6,800.　　　 B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200. 选 B 文中提到 “The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”，全世界语言数量约 6800 种，一半语言使用人数少于中位数 6000 人，经计算大约 3400 种语言使用人数少于 6000 人，根据此内容可得出答案，属于直接细节理解题，所以选 B。 考点（二）推理判断题 例D We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. … 32．What does the author think of new devices? A．They are environment­friendly. B．They are no better than the old. C．They cost more to use at home. D．They go out of style quickly. 选 A 文中说 “a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.”，指出旧设备过时后还在使用且比新设备耗能多，由此可推断出新设备更环保，通过对新旧设备耗能情况对比分析得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 A。 例E We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. … 32．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A．Addiction to smartphones. B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C．Absence of communication between strangers. D．Impatience with slow service. 选 C 第一段描述了在电梯、银行排队或者飞机上，人们都专注于自己的智能手机或者忍受着尴尬的沉默，体现出陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象，通过对所描述场景的归纳总结得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 C。 例F [1]Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. [2]Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. [3]When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer. [4]If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft­serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 27．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook.　 B．A health magazine. C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure. 选 B 文章先是介绍了各种浆果富含的营养成分，接着讲了用香蕉等制作健康的甜品，整体内容围绕食物的营养以及相关健康吃法，从内容主题角度判断其出处，属于推理判断题，所以最有可能出自健康杂志，选 B。 考点 （三）词义猜测题 例G Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Complex.　　 　 　 B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern. 选 C 文中提到 “...all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.”，很多语言消失了，而像英语、西班牙语、汉语这些语言正在逐渐占据主导地位，这里 “dominant” 意思是有强大影响力、占优势的，“Powerful” 与之意思相近，通过对上下文语义及词语含义的理解来判断词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。 例H I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. 29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A．provider B．delivery man C．collector D．medical doctor 选 B 文中 “I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box...” 表明 “我” 要带着干细胞到处跑，也就是负责运送干细胞，“courier” 在这里相当于 “delivery man（送货员、传递者）”，通过对句子描述行为的分析来猜测词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 B。 例I [2]Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. [3]It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. … 29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible. B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger. 选 C 文中提到 “Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.”，that 指代前面提到的爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎、观众减少变老的情况，通过对前后文指代关系的分析来确定词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。 考点（四）主旨大意题 例J Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11. “We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.” The eight­part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B．Balancing Our Daily Diet C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D．Cooking Well for Less 选 D 文章围绕 Susanna Reid 在节目中教大家如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味又营养的饭菜展开，重点强调用较少的钱做出好的食物，“Cooking Well for Less” 能很好地概括这一主旨，通过对文章整体内容核心的提炼来确定标题，属于主旨大意题，所以选 D。 例K Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter­gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question­mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31．What is the main idea of the text? A．New languages will be created. B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution. 选 C 文章先是回顾过去语言数量众多，然后阐述随着人类发展，如人们从狩猎采集转为农耕、贸易、工业化、国家发展、全球化等因素，导致很多语言消失，现在语言数量变少，整体体现了人类发展使语言数量减少这一核心内容，通过对文章整体行文脉络及核心观点的梳理总结得出主旨，属于主旨大意题，所以选 C。 例L Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23­gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. … 28．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Transition. B．The advantages of flying cars. C．The potential market for flying cars. D．The designers of the Transition. 选 A 第一段主要介绍了 Terrafugia 公司新飞行汽车 Transition 的相关基本数据，比如座位数、轮子数、飞行高度、飞行时长、不同状态下的速度、油耗等信息，通过对段落内容描述对象及具体内容的归纳概括，可知是在介绍基本数据，属于主旨大意题，所以选 A。 A Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings. Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do — more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”. Aged communities, which have developed and changed organically over an extended period, possess unique cultures of their own. The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment. Opting not to sustain such architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance. Building “green” can be about preserving time-honored, local building traditions that respect regional cultures, rather than just using the latest and greatest technologies. The building materials and craftsmanship are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development. As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization of pre-existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings. As Carl Elefante of Quinn-Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention. 1．How do most people address old buildings? A．They restore them actively. B．They take them seriously. C．They explore them fully. D．They treat them lightly. 2．Why does the author mention his little river cottage in the passage? A．To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions. B．To demonstrate the shortage of building materials. C．To display the attachment to the old constructions. D．To explain the complexity of building houses. 3．What do the data in paragraph 4 imply about old buildings? A．They are more efficient than the new buildings. B．They can clear away the bad effects on farms nearby. C．They can help avoid more environmental pollution. D．They consumed less energy in the construction process. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Cultural Value of Green Buildings B．New Constructions Should Be Given Priority C．The Green Value of Keeping Old Buildings D．Building Craftsmanship Should Be Respected 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了旧建筑具有“绿色”价值，强调保留和利用旧建筑、社区的必要性，呼吁人们重视现存建筑。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings.(旧建筑往往被视为废弃物，适合被拆除。大多数人尚未充分认识到与维护现有建筑相关的“绿色”价值)”可知，大多数人轻视旧建筑，随意对待它们。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The building materials and craftsmanship are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction(开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development.(建筑材料和工艺也应该得到尊重，这不仅仅是因为它们的提取、运输和生产的环境成本，而是因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在的现实。我在西弗吉尼亚州的小河边小屋，是用栗子树灭绝之前那个时期的栗子木建造的，这种材料可能再也无法获得了。然而，潜在的买家计划把它拆掉，在我看来，这不仅是对材料的不尊重，也违背了可持续发展的理念)”中先提出“建筑材料和工艺应该得到尊重，因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在”这一观点，然后以作者自己的小屋为例，说明把它拆除后其材料可能再也无法获得了。由此推知，作者在提到他的小河边小屋是为了强调保留旧建筑的好处和价值，即保留可能再也无法获得的建筑材料和工艺。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization of pre-existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings.(正如保护绿色实验室的报告所示，一座比普通现有建筑效率高30%的新建筑需要10到80年的时间才能克服与建设相关的负面气候变化后果，这强调了持续利用现有建筑和社区的必要性，有效防止或减少为新建设项目而对森林、农场、野生动物栖息地和开放区域的利用)”可知，数据表明，新建筑需要10到80年的时间才能克服与建设相关的负面气候变化后果，所以它们暗示了旧建筑能避免更多因新建筑建设带来的环境污染。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do— more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”.”(事实上，保留和利用旧建筑是我们能做的最环保的事情之一——比任何声称是 “绿色”的新建筑的建设都更环保)”和最后一段“As Carl Elefante of Quinn-Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention.(正如奎因埃文斯建筑师事务所的卡尔·埃莱凡特所说： “最环保的建筑是已经建成的建筑。”希望公众能达成一致意见，即现存的建筑值得更多的关心和关注)”可知，文章主要介绍了旧建筑具有重要价值，应该优先考虑保留和利用旧建筑。所以最佳标题为“保留老建筑的绿色价值”。故选C项。 B “Depend on (依靠) yourself” is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself. There have been many men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few. They could not depend upon themselves for an education. They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well-known. One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, “I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help make men of yourselves.” Some young men don’t try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievement (成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts. 5．Which of the following titles fits this article best? A．What Nature Says to Every Man B．How to Be Famous C．Men Must Help Each Other D．Depend on Yourself 6．Many of the great men succeeded because ________. A．they wanted to become well-known B．they made great efforts to learn and work C．they received a good education D．they had rich parents 7．If young people depend on their own efforts, ________. A．they are sure to be very famous in the world B．they can be successful in their lives C．they can live without their families D．they no longer need any help 8．From this article we can learn the writer ________. A．sings high praise for parents and teachers B．is a man of strong character C．thinks highly of those who are struggling or successful D．feels it necessary to accept everyone’s advice 【答案】5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章结合实例告诉我们要靠自己，这样才能取得成功。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段““Depend on (依靠) yourself” is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you.Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.(“靠自己”是大自然对每个人说的话。父母可以帮助你。老师可以帮助你。但所有这些只会帮助你帮助自己)”可知，文章主要论述靠自己的重要性。因此D项“依靠你自己”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“There have been many great men in history. But many of them were poor in childhood, and had no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few and not very good. They could not depend on them for education. They saw how it was, and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well-known.(历史上有许多伟人。但是他们中的许多人小时候很穷，没有叔叔、阿姨或朋友来帮助他们。学校很少，也不太好。所以他们并不能依靠这些来接受教育。他们意识到了所处的境遇，开始竭尽全力去学习一些事情。他们按照自己的方式工作，后来便成名了)”可知，历史上的一些伟人能够取得成功是因为他们依靠自己，努力学习。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“They can never gain achievement unless they see their weak points and change their course.( 除非他们看到自己的弱点并改变方向，否则他们永远无法取得成就)”可知，年轻人现在要看到自己的弱点并做出改变；以及“unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.(除非他们接受父母和老师的建议，并依靠自己的努力)”可知，如果年轻人依靠自己的努力，他们更有可能在他们的生活中成功。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段“There have been many great men in history. But many of them were poor in childhood, and had no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few and not very good. They could not depend on them for education. They saw how it was, and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well-known.(历史上有许多伟人。但是他们中的许多人小时候很穷，没有叔叔、阿姨或朋友来帮助他们。学校很少，也不太好。所以他们并不能依靠这些来接受教育。他们意识到了所处的境遇，开始竭尽全力去学习一些事情。他们按照自己的方式工作，后来便成名了)”可知，作者提到很多伟人依靠自己的能力去奋斗而取得成功。由此推知，作者对那些依靠自身努力成功的人评价很高。故选C。 C Imagine meeting a foreigner for the first time but he/she is fluent in your language. There may appear to be no immediate communication barrier. Would you adapt the tone of your voice, or the spacing of pauses in your speech? How about altering your body language and facial expressions, depending on the background of the person in front of you? These are just a small part of the changes in behaviour that can improve your “cultural intelligence”, or CQ. There is growing evidence that suggests that they are well worth learning. “The number one predictor of your success in today’s borderless world is not your IQ, not your resume (简历), and not even your expertise (专业知识),” writes social scientist David Livermore. “It’s your CQ.” Much of the research on CQ has been done by Professor Soon Ang with the Nanyang Technological University (新加坡南洋理工大学). In the late 1990s, her job was dealing with the “Y2K bug”. It was a software glitch (故障) that was feared would bring down the world’s computer networks. Ang put together an international team of programmers to update computer systems in Singapore. They were some of the brightest minds in the industry. However, Ang soon found that these people just couldn’t work together. Often, individual members would appear to agree on a solution, but then carry it out in completely different ways. Clearly, it wasn’t a question of language skills or expertise. Instead, she saw that these employees were stumbling (绊倒) over each other’s cultural differences. This would lead Ang to work with psychologist (心理学家) P. Christopher Earley. Together they built a theory of CQ. They defined it as “the capability to function effectively in a variety of cultural contexts (背景)”. Someone with a low CQ might view everyone else’s behaviour through his own cultural lens. If he comes from a more sociable environment, for instance, and notices that his Japanese colleagues are very quiet in a meeting, he may think that they are being unfriendly. In aviation (航空业), such cultural differences might cause a breakdown in communication between pilots and air traffic controllers. The consequences would be unthinkable. A person at the top of the scale, meanwhile, might realize that silence is a sign of respect. In Japanese culture, feedback often won’t be given unless it is asked for. As a result, he/she will offer suitable opportunities within the meeting for others to provide their opinions. 9．According to the article, which of the following statements about CQ is NOT true? A．It is an important factor in today’s job market. B．It refers to one’s ability to identify cultural differences. C．It was put forward by Soon Ang and P. Christopher Earley. D．It shows in the way one changes their body language and facial expressions when they engage in cross-cultural communication. 10．What does the last but one paragraph mainly talk about? A．The characteristics of someone with a low CQ. B．The typical way a Japanese person acts during a meeting. C．The importance of effective communication between colleagues. D．The fact that a low CQ could possibly lead to serious consequences. 11．The underlined phrase “A person at the top of the scale” in the last paragraph probably refers to someone who _________. A．has a high CQ B．is more sociable C．holds a high social status D．ranks high in the workplace 12．We can infer from the article that _________. A．good knowledge and language capacity form the basis for a high CQ B．the most effective way of improving one’s CQ is to join an international team C．people who come from more sociable environments will probably have higher CQ D．CQ could be very important for anyone who interacts with people from different backgrounds 【答案】9．B 10．D 11．A 12．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化认知能力（CQ）是跨文化环境中高效沟通的关键，其超越智商和专业技能，在全球化的获得成功的过程中起到了决定性的作用。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“They defined it as “the capability to function effectively in a variety of cultural contexts(背景)”.(他们将其定义为“在各种文化环境中有效运作的能力”)”可知，CQ涉及的是在不同文化背景下有效运作的能力，而不仅仅是识别文化差异的能力。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段“Someone with a low CQ might view everyone else’s behaviour through his own cultural lens.(认知能力较低的人可能会以自己所处文化的视角去解读他人的行为)”及“In aviation (航空业), such cultural differences might cause a breakdown in communication between pilots and air traffic controllers. The consequences would be unthinkable.(在航空领域，此类文化差异可能会导致飞行员与空中交通管制员之间的沟通出现障碍。其后果不堪设想)”可知，倒数第二段说明低CQ的人可能会导致沟通破裂，进而产生严重的后果。故选D。 11．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“…meanwhile, might realize that silence is a sign of respect. In Japanese culture, feedback often won’t be given unless it is asked for.(……与此同时，可能会意识到沉默是一种表示尊重的体现。在日本文化中，除非被要求，否则通常不会给出反馈)”可知，这个人能够理解和适应不同文化中的非言语沟通方式，显示出他/她在多种文化背景中有效运转的能力，也就是高CQ的人。同时，这一段也与倒数第二段形成对比，上一段描述的是低CQ的人会如何反应，因此可以推测这一段会描述高CQ的人的反应。故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““The number one predictor of your success in today’s borderless world is not your IQ, not your resume (简历), and not even your expertise (专业知识),” writes social scientist David Livermore. “It’s your CQ.”(社会科学家大卫·利弗莫尔写道：“在当今这个无国界的世界里，决定你能否成功的首要因素并非你的智商、你的履历，甚至也不是你的专业技能，而是你的‘文化认知能力’。”)”可知，对于任何需要与来自不同文化背景的人互动的个人来说，文化认知能力非常重要。故选D。 D Ten years ago, when Kelik Suparno heard the song of a bird, he thought of money. A single bird could bring him much at a busy market. Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible. Indonesia has become the center of what experts call the Asian songbird crisis (危机). Across the country, the illegal (非法的) trade of wild birds puts at least 26 kinds of birds in danger. The crisis is worsened by the growing popularity of birdsong competitions, where owners of caged (笼中的) birds compete for prizes. These events attract thousands each year and have created a nationwide market. As a result, wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears that many birds could vanish in the near future. For centuries, keeping songbirds has been a tradition in Java. Today, up to 84 million caged birds are believed to be kept on the island. For many, birds stand for success and bring a sense of peace. In Yogyakarta, the cultural “soul” of Java, waking to the sound of a bird’s gentle call is considered a good thing. This culture, however, now stands in direct conflict(冲突) with the need to protect wildlife. Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers. Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters. 13．What does Suparno do for a living now? A．He trains nature guides. B．He focuses on bird protection. C．He holds bird competitions. D．He sells home-raised birds. 14．What does the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Grow. C．Compete. D．Return. 15．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The popularity of wild birds. B．The rules in the birdsong competition. C．The challenges facing the bird keepers. D．The way to stop wild birds being caught. 16．What can be known about bird protection in Indonesia? A．It remains hopeless. B．Everyone has a role to play. C．Hunters should give up traditions. D．It sets a good example to others. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．D 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以猎人Suparno转型为自然向导、以保护鸟类为生的案例切入，介绍印尼野生鸣禽非法贸易现状、文化传统与保护需求的冲突，以及当前应对措施与挑战，强调保护鸟类需社会各界共同参与。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible.(如今，他怀着新的目的再次倾听着同样的声音。作为爪哇的一名自然导游，他向游客介绍他所钟爱的鸟类。苏帕诺曾是一名猎人，如今则通过保护这些鸟类来谋生，这表明改变是有可能实现的)”可知，Suparno如今作为自然向导，通过介绍鸟类、保护鸣禽物种谋生。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears(野生鸟类的数量急剧减少，引起了恐惧)”可知，野生鸟类数量急剧下降，这引发了人们对许多物种很快会消失的担忧，由此可推测，vanish应表示“消失”，与disappear 同义。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers.(一些饲养员和比赛组织者开始采取行动了。他们鼓励人们使用在笼子里出生的鸟，而非从野外捕获的鸟。还会在幼鸟身上贴上标签，以证明它们的来源。这些措施被视为减少对野生鸣禽需求的关键步骤。然而，问题依然存在，因为许多买家仍然认为从野外捕获的鸟唱歌更好)”可知，本段主要讲述饲养者及比赛组织者为避免野生鸟被抓采取的行动。故选D。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters.(环境专家指出，印尼鸟类的未来不能仅仅依赖于少数几个村庄或饲养员。从猎人、商人到鸟类爱好者以及政策制定者，每个人的参与都至关重要)”可知，保护印尼鸟类不能仅依赖少数村庄，社会各界都需发挥作用，由此可推断，印尼的鸟类保护需要社会各界都发挥作用。故选B。 E Cuckoos (杜鹃) are a familiar and beloved species in the UK, whose arrival marks the beginning of summer. They make a long journey from their wintering grounds in Africa to raise its young on the British Isles. However, the cuckoo population in the UK is falling sharply. Since 1995, the number of breeding cuckoos has dropped by 35%. To understand why this is happening, researchers at the British Trust for ornithology (鸟类学) are now using high-tech equipment to find answers. Researchers have been attaching satellite tags (标签) to cuckoos, which send out real-time location data. This data reveals how long cuckoos spend in the UK, when they leave, and which migration (迁徙) routes they take between the UK and Africa. The hope is that this data will give scientists a detailed understanding of cuckoo migration, the threats they face along the way, and the conservation measures that could be adopted to improve their chances of survival. The tags have already revealed many insights into cuckoo migration. It’s hoped that as data keeps coming in, scientists will better understand the factors that influence whether cuckoos survive their migration, and therefore the best ways to help protect the species. It’s not just the scientists who have been eagerly tracking the tagged birds, though. The tags provide live location data which is published on an online map. Members of the public can therefore watch the cuckoos’ incredible journeys, too, and if you click on the individuals on the map, you can find out more about each bird. “This ongoing project opens a significant window on the wonders of migration, and our discoveries are helping to shape the way we look at bird migration more widely,” says lead scientist on the project, Dr. Chris Hewson. “It will also lay a foundation (基础) from which cuckoo conservation measures can be planned, increasing the likelihood that the call of these birds will grace our summers for generations to come.” 17．What is the purpose of the British Trust for ornithology’s research? A．To find out why there are fewer and fewer cuckoos. B．To find out what happened to cuckoos’ habitat. C．To test out how to make an online map for Africa. D．To test out how high-tech equipment can be used in the research. 18．How can the public be involved in the cuckoo tracking project according to the passage? A．By contributing funds to the research. B．By following the live location data online. C．By observing the birds in their natural habitat. D．By participating in bird watching tours. 19．Which statement may Dr. Chris Hewson agree with about the project? A．It inspires the public’s passion for technology. B．It shows the exact population of cuckoos in the UK. C．It lays a foundation for the species’ conservation. D．It will help cuckoos choose a safer migration route. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Cuckoos’ Migration Routes B．Conservation Measures for Birds C．Decline of New Species in the UK D．Tracking Cuckoos’ Journeys 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国研究人员如何利用卫星追踪技术研究杜鹃数量锐减的原因。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, the cuckoo population in the UK is falling sharply. Since 1995, the number of breeding cuckoos has dropped by 35%. To understand why this is happening, researchers at the British Trust for ornithology (鸟类学) are now using high-tech equipment to find answers.(然而，英国的杜鹃数量正在急剧下降。自1995年以来，繁殖的杜鹃的数量减少了35%。为了解这一现象发生的原因，英国鸟类学信托基金会的研究人员正在使用高科技设备寻找答案。)”可知，此研究的目的是为了找出杜鹃数量急剧下降的原因，故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The tags provide live location data which is published on an online map. Members of the public can therefore watch the cuckoos’ incredible journeys, too, and if you click on the individuals on the map, you can find out more about each bird.(标签提供的实时位置数据会发布在在线地图上。因此公众也可以观看杜鹃不可思议的迁徙旅程，如果你点击地图上的个体鸟类，还能了解更多关于每只杜鹃的信息。)”可知，公众可以通过在线地图实时追踪杜鹃的位置数据，从而观看杜鹃的迁徙旅程，故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Dr. Chris Hewson所说的话““It will also lay a foundation (基础) from which cuckoo conservation measures can be planned, increasing the likelihood that the call of these birds will grace our summers for generations to come.”(它还将为规划杜鹃保护措施奠定基础，增加这种鸟儿的鸣叫声在未来世代继续装点我们夏季的可能性。)”可知，Dr. Chris Hewson认为该项目为杜鹃保护奠定基础，故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However, the cuckoo population in the UK is falling sharply. Since 1995, the number of breeding cuckoos has dropped by 35%. To understand why this is happening, researchers at the British Trust for ornithology (鸟类学) are now using high-tech equipment to find answers.(然而，英国的杜鹃数量正在急剧下降。自1995年以来，繁殖杜鹃的数量减少了35%。为了解这一现象发生的原因，英国鸟类学信托基金会的研究人员正在使用高科技设备寻找答案。)”可知，文章主要围绕“使用卫星标签追踪杜鹃迁徙，以研究其数量减少原因并制定保护措施”展开，介绍了其研究目的、方法、发现和意义，故D项“追踪杜鹃的旅程”最能全面地概括文章的内容，故选D。 F Much like beauty, art is in the eye of the beholder. The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody. Studies into art preferences date back to the 1930s — most of them examining the extent to which people like or dislike different paintings. Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits (特征) than to social class, age, or gender. In particular, a personality trait called “openness” is the best predictor of whether individuals are interested in art. On the other side, those who identify as “conscientious (一丝不苟的)”, are often less drawn to the arts. These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century of research. The model claims that each personality is composed of a combination of five core traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. Rather than stating a person as being either shy or outgoing, the Big Five Model believes that everyone lies somewhere between the two extremes. Personality traits may also affect the way people visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’ eye movements as they studied abstract artwork. The majority of participants concentrated on the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half of the brain is specialized for visual and spatial processing, and also plays a significant role in processing the emotions that art draws out. However, participants who tended toward emotional instability focused on the left side of the picture, and those with mental disease paid more attention to the bottom of the picture. However, current research on personality and art still has clear limitations, reminding us that people’s preferences for art are as complicated as art itself. But if you’re looking for a quick test of someone’s general personality traits, it doesn’t hurt to look at what’s hanging on their walls. 21．What is the strongest factor in determining a person’s interest in art? A．Age and gender. B．Personality characteristics. C．Social class. D．Educational background. 22．What can we learn about the Big Five Model? A．It can explain why our art taste changes. B．It is well-supported by artists worldwide. C．Everyone can fit into one of the five types. D．It is a universally-recognized measuring model. 23．According to the passage, a person focusing on the upper-right part of a painting is probably ______. A．moody B．unconcerned C．perceptive D．warlike 24．What is the best title of this passage? A．How to discover your art preference? B．Why is art appealing to many people? C．How to reveal one’s personality traits? D．What does your taste in art say about you? 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了艺术偏好与人格特质之间的关系，介绍了影响人们艺术兴趣的关键因素、人格特质对艺术视觉浏览方式的影响以及相关研究的局限性。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits (特征) than to social class, age, or gender.(研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与其某些个性特征的关系比与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系更密切。)”可知，决定一个人对艺术兴趣的最强因素是个性特征。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century of research.(这些特征是“大五人格”的一部分，“大五人格”是一种被广泛接受的人格理论，基于近一个世纪的研究。)”可知，“大五人格”模型是一个被普遍认可的测量模型。故选D项。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The majority of participants concentrated on the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half of the brain is specialized for visual and spatial processing, and also plays a significant role in processing the emotions that art draws out.(大多数参与者集中在右上角。这是有道理的，因为大脑的右半球专门负责视觉和空间处理，也在处理艺术所引发的情感方面发挥着重要作用。)”可推知，关注右上部与右脑功能相关，右脑通常与感知力（perceptive）、情感处理相关。故选C项。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中的“The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody.(我们被吸引的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。)”可知，文章开篇点明艺术偏好能反映人格，并且在文章最后一段最后一句“But if you’re looking for a quick test of someone’s general personality traits, it doesn’t hurt to look at what’s hanging on their walls.(但如果你想快速了解某人的大致人格特质，看看他们墙上挂的东西也无妨。)”提到艺术偏好可作为人格测试的参考。可知，文章主要探讨了艺术偏好与个性特征之间的关系，指出我们被吸引的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，所以D项（你的艺术品味说明了你什么？）概括了艺术品味与人格的关系。是文章最佳标题。故选D项。 G Since 2010, nearly every country has seen an increase in the number of cancer patients. The WHO reports one in six people will develop cancer in their lifetime. At least 10 million people will die from the disease every year. If the current trend continues, new cancer cases will rise by 60 percent by the year 2040. In low- and middle-income countries, they will rise by more than 80 percent. Andre Ilbawi, WHO’s technical officer in cancer control, says more people are dying from cancer in poorer countries. Controlling the disease does not have to cost a lot. The WHO report, he explained, shows that by investing in cancer services, governments can save 7 million lives by 2030. “And that is at the cost of $2.70 per person in low-income countries and $8.15 per person in upper middle-income countries. This is feasible,” Ilbawi said. WHO says cancer does not have to be a death sentence. Prevention works. There have been great improvements in research on cancer prevention and treatment. These measures are successfully keeping many people alive who otherwise would have died. Preventive policies can work in powerful ways to reduce not only cancer numbers and death rates, but also the social and economic inequality in cancer cases. An example of such a policy is one that reduces workers’ contact with cancer-causing materials. Other examples are measures to control tobacco use, vaccination against cancer-causing infectious agents and testing for early stages of cancer. In its report, WHO describes a series of measures proven to help in preventing new cancer cases. For example, it notes that tobacco-related diseases are responsible for 25 percent of cancer deaths. Deciding not to smoke, it says, can save billions of dollars and millions of lives. WHO adds that a vaccine against hepatitis B (乙肝) can prevent liver cancer. It notes another vaccine against HPV can nearly fight off cervical cancer (宫颈癌). 25．How does the author lead in the topic? A．By citing specific data. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving a vivid example. D．By clarifying a personal viewpoint. 26．What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Practicable. B．Valuable. C．incredible. D．Responsible. 27．What is the author’s attitude towards cancer prevention? A．Unclear. B．Unconcerned. C．Hopeful. D．Critical. 28．What can be the suitable title for the text? A．The Latest Report By The WHO. B．Prevention Is Better Than cure. C．Cancers Increasing But Not a Death Sentence. D．WHO: Cancer Poses a Great Threat To Humanity. 【答案】25．A 26．A 27．C 28．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了癌症病例的增加情况，同时指出癌症并非绝症，预防措施有效且可行。 25．推理判断题。根据第一段“Since 2010, nearly every country has seen an increase in the number of cancer patients. The WHO, reports one in six people will develop cancer in their lifetime. At least 10 million people will die from the disease every year. If the current trend continues, new cancer cases will rise by 60 percent by the year 2040. In low- and middle-income countries, they will rise by more than 80 percent.(自2010年以来，几乎每个国家的癌症患者数量都有所增加。据世界卫生组织报道，六分之一的人在一生中会患上癌症。每年至少有1000万人死于这种疾病。如果目前的趋势继续下去，到2040年，新的癌症病例将增加60%。在中低收入国家，这一比例将上升80%以上。)”可知，作者通过引用具体数据来引入癌症患者数量增加这个话题。故选A。 26．词句猜测题。根据上文“Andre Ilbawi, WHO’s technical officer in cancer control, says more people are dying from cancer in poorer countries. Controlling the disease does not have to cost a lot. The WHO report, he explained, shows that by investing in cancer services, governments can save 7 million lives by 2030. “And that is at the cost of $2.70 per person in low-income countries and $8.15 per person in upper middle-income countries.(世界卫生组织（WHO）癌症防控技术官员安德烈・伊尔巴维表示，较贫困国家有更多人死于癌症。但防控这种疾病的成本并非高不可攀。他解释称，世卫组织的报告显示，通过投资癌症医疗服务，各国政府到2030年可挽救700万人的生命。而这一投入的成本，在低收入国家为人均2.70美元，在中高收入国家为人均8.15美元。)”可知，Ilbawi认为通过投资癌症服务来挽救生命这个措施是可行的，因此，“feasible”在此处的意思是“可行的，切实可行的”。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段“WHO says cancer does not have to be a death sentence. Prevention works.(世卫组织表示，癌症不一定是死刑。预防是有效的。)”、第四段“There have been great improvements in research on cancer prevention and treatment. These measures are successfully keeping many people alive who otherwise would have died.(癌症预防和治疗的研究取得了很大进展。这些措施成功地让许多本会死亡的人活了下来。)”和第五段“In its report, WHO describes a series of measures proven to help in preventing new cancer cases.(在其报告中，世卫组织描述了一系列经证实有助于预防新癌症病例的措施。)”可知，作者对癌症预防持乐观态度。故选C。 28．主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了自2010年以来，几乎每个国家的癌症患者数量都有所增加，第二段讲述了世卫组织的技术官员Andre Ilbawi表示，在较贫穷的国家，死于癌症的人更多，但控制这种疾病并不需要花费很多，通过投资癌症服务，政府可以在2030年前挽救700万人的生命，第三段到第五段讲述了世卫组织表示癌症不一定是死刑，预防是有效的，癌症预防和治疗的研究取得了很大进展，并且世卫组织在其报告中描述了一系列经证实有助于预防新癌症病例的措施。由此可知，文章主要讲述了癌症病例的增加情况，同时指出癌症并非绝症，预防措施有效且可行，因此选项C“癌症在增加，但并非绝症”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。 一、阅读理解 A No matter where you are on your running journey or what your goals are, having a little help tracking the miles, keeping an eye on your heart rate, or setting your pace can make a world of difference. In this month’s issue of Runner’s Gear Review, we test the latest running watches and here come the 4 Best Running watches of 2025. Garmin Forerunner 265 It offers a lot more than just basic navigation and heart rate monitoring. It can track your sleep, recovery, heart rate, exercise quality, and more, which you can check in real time or a daily health report. List Price: $449.99 Battery Life: Up to 13 days in Smartwatch Mode Amazfit Band 7 Who said you need to spend hundreds of dollars to get a great running watch? With the Amazfit Band 7, you get everything you need for tracking your next run. Despite its affordable price, it’s still comfortable to wear and has lots of different colors to pick from for the wristband. List Price: $49.99 Battery Life: Up to 18 days Garmin Forerunner 55 If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch is a great way to get a multi-use tool you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day. The Garmin Forerunner 55 has many excellent features with impressive designs. List Price: $199.99 Battery Life: Up to 14 days in Smartwatch Mode Polar Vantage V2 Running a marathon is serious business, so you want a running watch that takes your training seriously, too. The Polar Vantage V2 tracks just about everything you can think of when you’re training, when you’re not training, and when you’re asleep, which describe a convincing picture of your fitness, overall health, and activity levels, which gives you lots of information to work with when it comes to planning your next marathon. List Price: $499.95 Battery Life: Up to 7 days 1．What makes Amazfit Band 7 different from the others? A．It has the lowest price. B．It has a great GPS system. C．The battery life is the shortest. D．It offers daily health information. 2．If you are a green hand in running watches, which one is your best choice? A．Garmin Forerunner 265. B．Amazfit Band 7. C．Garmin Forerunner 55. D．Polar Vantage V2. 3．Where is this passage most likely to be taken from? A．A tech-lover blog B．A science-fiction novel C．A daily sports newspaper D．A sports and fitness magazine 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年四款最佳跑步手表。 1．细节理解题。四款产品的价格分别是$449.99，$49.99，$199.99和$499.95，因此Amazfit Band 7不同于其他手表之处在于它的价格最低。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Garmin Forerunner 55部分“If you’re new to running watches, starting with one that doubles as both a GPS tracker for running and a general smartwatch is a great way to get a multi-use tool you can use every day even if you aren’t running every day.(如果你是跑步手表的新手，那就从一款既是GPS追踪器又是普通智能手表的手表开始吧，这是一个很好的多用途工具，即使你不是每天都跑步，你也可以每天使用。)”可知，如果你是跑步手表的新手，Garmin Forerunner 55是你最好的选择。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In this month’s issue of Runner’s Gear Review, we test the latest running watches and here come the 4 Best Running watches of 2025.(在本月的《跑步装备评论》中，我们测试了最新的跑步手表，以下是 2025 年四款最佳跑步手表。)” 可知，文章出自杂志的装备评论板块，且内容聚焦跑步手表这类运动健身装备，因此最可能来自体育健身杂志。故选 D 项。 B For many students, staying awake all night to study is common practice. According to Medical News Today, around 20 percent of students pull all-nighters at least once a month, and about 35 percent stay up past three in the morning once or more weekly. That being said, staying up all night to study is one of the worst things students can do for their grades. In October of 2022, two MIT professors found a relationship between sleep and test scores: the less students slept during the semester, the worse their scores. So, why is it that sleep is so important for test scores? In the last 20 years, scientists have found that sleep impacts more than just students’ ability to perform well; it improves their ability to learn, memorize, retain (保存), recall, and use their new knowledge to solve problems creatively, which contributes to better test scores. When learning facts and information, most of what we learn is temporarily stored in a region of the brain called the hippocampus (海马体). Some scientists believe that, like most storage centers, the hippocampus has limited storage capacity. This means, if the hippocampus is full, and we try to learn more information, we won’t be able to. In one study, a group of 44 participants underwent two sessions of learning, once at noon and again at 6:00 PM. Half of the group was allowed to nap (小睡) between sessions, while the other half took part in standard activities. The researchers found that the group that napped between learning sessions learned just as easily at 6:00 PM as they did at noon. The group that didn’t nap, however, experienced a significant decrease in learning ability. It’s no surprise that the MIT study previously mentioned revealed no improvement in scores for those who only guarantee good sleep the night before a big test. In fact, the MIT researchers concluded that if students want to see an improvement in their test scores, they have to guarantee good sleep during the entire learning process. 4．What did the two MIT professors find in 2022? A．Most students were lacking in sleep. B．Students were under too much pressure. C．Good sleep improved students’ memory. D．Insufficient sleep worsened students’ grades. 5．According to some scientists, what will happen if our hippocampus fills up? A．We’ll forget things easily. B．We’ll fail to learn new things. C．We’ll get ready to think creatively. D．We’ll activate other parts of our brain. 6．What may the MIT researchers advise students to do to improve their test scores? A．Study late before a test. B．Sleep as much as you can. C．Form good sleep habits. D．Focus on study during the daytime. 7．How does the author try to prove his point? A．By offering research results. B．By providing experts’ views. C．By analyzing some theories. D．By sharing some experiences. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了睡眠对学生学业成绩的重要性，通过研究结果和科学理论，阐述了睡眠不足对学生学习、记忆和问题解决能力的负面影响。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In October of 2022, two MIT professors found a relationship between sleep and test scores: the less students slept during the semester, the worse their scores.(2022年10月，两位麻省理工学院的教授发现了睡眠和考试成绩之间的关系：学生在这学期睡眠越少，他们的成绩就越差)”可知，2022年，两位麻省理工学院的教授发现了睡眠不足会使学生的成绩变差。故选D项。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some scientists believe that, like most storage centers, the hippocampus has limited storage capacity. This means, if the hippocampus is full, and we try to learn more information, we won’t be able to.(一些科学家认为，和大多数存储中心一样，海马体的存储容量有限。这意味着，如果海马体已满，而我们试图学习更多的信息，我们将无法做到)”可知，一些科学家认为，如果我们的海马体填满了，我们将无法学习新事物。故选B项。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In fact, the MIT researchers concluded that if students want to see an improvement in their test scores, they have to guarantee good sleep during the entire learning process.(事实上，麻省理工学院的研究人员得出结论，如果学生想看到他们的考试成绩有所提高，他们必须保证在整个学习过程中有良好的睡眠)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员认为，学生必须保证在整个学习过程中有良好的睡眠，即养成良好的睡眠习惯，才能看到考试成绩的提高。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In October of 2022, two MIT professors found a relationship between sleep and test scores: The less students slept during the semester, the worse their scores.(2022年10月，两位麻省理工学院的教授发现了睡眠和考试成绩之间的关系：学生在这学期睡眠越少，他们的成绩就越差)”，第五段中“In one study, a group of 44 participants underwent two sessions of learning(在一项研究中，44名参与者进行了两次学习)”和最后一段中“It’s no surprise that the MIT study previously mentioned revealed no improvement in scores for those who only guarantee good sleep the night before a big test.(毫不奇怪，之前提到的麻省理工学院的研究显示，那些只在大考前一晚保证良好睡眠的人的成绩并没有提高)”可知，作者通过提供研究结果来证明他的观点。故选A项。 C Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields. For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years. The chemical weathering (风化) of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term. “Over much shorter human timescales, this stable form of CO2 acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2,”says Jacobson. Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change? Enhanced rock weathering was proposed as a strategy of decreasing carbon emissions decades ago but only recently gained interest. An article in a 2020 magazine estimated that enhanced weathering could remove up to 2 billion tons of CO2 annually from the atmosphere by 2050. Jacobson is leading a team of researchers to investigate this negative emissions technology. In a series of experimental systems that simulate natural conditions at the garden, researchers will test the effects from adding different types of rock to soils used to grow various crops. The soil additives will include a volcanic rock that chemically weathers faster than other rocks and minerals, potentially speeding up CO2 capture and storage. 8．What does Jacobson stress about Earth science in paragraph 2? A．Its scientific origin as a principle. B．Its present limitations in carbon capture. C．Its potential role in achieving climate goals. D．Its logical accuracy in temperature prediction. 9．What is mainly discussed in paragraph 3 concerning rocks? A．The process of their weathering. B．The reasons for their formation. C．Their natural structures. D．Their stable chemical composition. 10．What is the main function of the question in paragraph 4? A．To summarize the previous paragraph. B．To doubt the content of a magazine. C．To introduce the following solution. D．To show the fast rate of climate change. 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Humans Stabilize Earth’s Climate? B．Is Farming the Key to Carbon Capture? C．What Is the Chemical Weathering of Rocks? D．How Do Carbon Emissions Speed up Global Warming? 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为达成《巴黎协定》温控目标，研究人员将开展农田土壤添加剂碳捕获研究。其原理基于岩石化学风化可固定二氧化碳，团队拟测试火山岩等添加剂，探索强化风化技术的减排潜力。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years.( 为实现2015年《巴黎协定》确定的全球平均气温目标，我们需要积极减少碳排放。地球和行星科学教授安迪·雅各布森（Andy Jacobson）表示，地球科学可以提供帮助，一种可能的方法是捕获大气中的二氧化碳（CO2），并将其锁定几千年。)”可知，雅各布森在第二段强调了地球科学在实现气候目标上的潜在作用。故选C项。 9．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The chemical weathering (风化) of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term.( 岩石的化学风化作用是一种自然现象，它将大气中的二氧化碳转化为稳定的矿物形式。当二氧化碳溶于水时，它会产生一种可以分解岩石的物质。这种转变从某些岩石中释放出元素，并将二氧化碳转变为稳定的形式。随着时间的推移，这些元素结合形成矿物质，这些矿物质是许多自然结构和岩石的基石。这种转变有助于将碳锁定在固体形态，这在长期稳定地球气候方面起着重要作用。)”可知，第三段围绕岩石的化学风化展开，详细阐述了其过程 —— 二氧化碳溶于水后生成的物质会分解岩石，这一过程释放岩石中的元素并将二氧化碳转化为稳定形态，这些元素又会结合形成矿物。整段核心是岩石化学风化的具体过程。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段““Over much shorter human timescales, this stable form of CO2 acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2,”says Jacobson. Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change?( 雅各布森说：“在更短的人类时间尺度上，这种稳定形式的二氧化碳充当了大气中二氧化碳的汇。”我们能否加快风化过程，以足够快的速度主动从大气中去除碳，以帮助减少现代气候变化的影响？)”可知，第四段的问题是“我们能否加快风化过程，以足够快的速度主动从大气中清除碳，从而帮助减轻现代气候变化带来的影响？”。紧接着第五段就介绍了强化岩石风化这一策略，且后文还提及研究人员针对该策略展开实验。由此可见，这个问题的核心作用是引出后续的解决方案。故选C项。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields.( 来自西北大学和芝加哥植物园的研究人员将研究土壤添加剂对农田的碳捕获效应。)”可知，文章开篇就点明研究人员要研究土壤添加剂在农田中的碳捕获效果，后文围绕岩石风化（土壤添加剂相关）展开，介绍其碳捕获原理，还提到将不同类型岩石加入农作物土壤的实验。核心围绕农田土壤中添加物质实现碳捕获展开。由此可知，B选项“农业是碳捕获的关键吗？”贴合文章以农田为场景研究碳捕获的核心内容，是最适合的标题。故选B项。 一、阅读理解 A Guizhou, a less-known province to international travelers located in Southwest China, is the only province in China without any plains and is home to 17 ethnic (种族的) groups. It is a “natural park” with beautiful mountains and amazing rivers, and a “cultural hub” with multiple minorities and unique ethnic customs. So, when you visit Guizhou, you will not only enjoy its unbelievable landscapes, but also personally experience its unique ethnic customs, cultures and festivals. Miao Villages Among the 17 ethnic groups in Guizhou, Miao minority has the largest population which are widely scattered (分散的) with complicated branches. Miao people have very distinctive features in costumes, food, music, batik (蜡染) and festivals in different areas. “San Yue San” Festival, Miao New Year Festival, sour soup and stilted buildings (Diaojiaolou) are the common symbols of Miao. To fully explore Miao cultures, you’d better to go to Kaili and its surroundings. Dong Villages Dong people (also known as Kam) are another large ethnic minority in China. About 55 percent of them live in Guizhou Province, with a population about 1.6 million. Dong people have their own language and featured architectures. Exquisite drum towers and beautiful village gate become the most important symbols of Dong. Numerous Dong villages are scattered in the remote mountains in those counties. Of course, you can experience the festivals — Grand Song of Dong People, and see Wind and Rain Bridges and Drum Towers in the villages. 1．What is special about Guizhou? A．It has the most ethnic groups. B．It is the only province without plains. C．It is popular with international travelers. D．It has the largest number of natural parks. 2．What can people experience in both Miao and Dong villages? A．Make batik and sing the Grand Song. B．Taste sour soup and visit Wind and Rain Bridges. C．Enjoy ethnic festivals and see traditional buildings. D．Wear special costumes and speak their own languages. 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A travel brochure. C．An encyclopedia. D．A history magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国贵州的独特之处、苗族和侗族的特色文化与景点，吸引游客前往参观体验。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Guizhou, a less-known province to international travelers located in Southwest China, is the only province in China without any plains and is home to 17 ethnic groups.( 贵州位于中国西南部，对国际游客来说是个不太知名的省份，它是中国唯一一个没有平原的省份，且是17个少数民族的聚居地)”可知，贵州的特别之处是中国唯一没有平原的省份。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ “San Yue San” Festival, Miao New Year Festival, sour soup and stilted buildings (Diaojiaolou) are the common symbols of Miao.( “三月三”节、苗年节、酸汤和吊脚楼是苗族的常见标志)”和第三段中的“Of course, you can experience the festivals — Grand Song of Dong People, and see Wind and Rain Bridges and Drum Towers in the villages.( 当然，你可以体验侗族大歌等节日，还能在村里看到风雨桥和鼓楼)”可知，两者都能让人们体验民族节日和观赏传统建筑。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“So, when you visit Guizhou, you will not only enjoy its unbelievable landscapes, but also personally experience its unique ethnic customs, cultures and festivals.( 所以，当你游览贵州时，你不仅能欣赏到令人惊叹的风景，还能亲身感受其独特的民族习俗、文化和节日)”可知，文章介绍贵州的旅游资源，目的是吸引游客，因此可能来自旅游手册。故选B。 B At 17 years old, most are still learning basic driving skills in America. Once the car is parked, the day is packed with school activities and hanging out with friends. But at 17, Maggie Taraska had a distinctive goal in mind: Fly alone across the United States. Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood. She went to flight school, put in the hours with an instructor and started on her training hours. But on her first takeoff, something didn’t sound right. The plane had lost one of the landing gear wheels. “As soon as I took off, I just heard something was wrong instinctively,” said Maggie. Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself. “I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened; I was thinking about how my parents were on the ground as I knew they were watching.” Stress and panic can cause any of us to make careless decisions. It takes mental practice to calm down. “Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.” Maggie was a little shaky as she talked to the tower, but she had a perfect belly landing that skidded on the infield grass. Her father couldn’t be prouder. “By the time I saw Maggie on her approach, it was a better approach than I could have flown,” he said. Cheers erupted in the tower, and Maggie took a deep breath and climbed out of the plane. Credit does go to the crew for talking to her. Yes, we all need someone to talk us through challenging times, but in the end, it was all Magic at the controls. We could all be forgiven for calling it quits after an experience like that. After all, it was a bit distressing. So walking away would be understandable. But five days later, Maggie was going through her pre-flight safety inspections, checking the wings, especially checking the landing gear. “It feels amazing,” she said, “It gives an incredible sense of liberation.” At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you. 4．What mainly influenced Maggie’s urge to fly alone? A．Her parents’ background in air force. B．Her experience of school activities. C．Her instructor’s encouragements. D．Her basic driving skills. 5．What did Maggie do when hearing something wrong during takeoff? A．She landed the plane immediately. B．She thought of her parents’ expectation. C．She circled a few times to calm herself down. D．She continued flying as if nothing had happened. 6．Which words would best describe Maggie’s personality? A．Proud and intelligent. B．Positive and cautious. C．Patient and responsible. D．Fearless and determined. 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．A good beginning is half done. C．Fortune favors the brave. D．Practice makes perfect. 【答案】4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的Maggie克服飞行危机后仍独自飞越美国的故事。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Both of Maggie’s parents were retired from the air force, so the urge to fly is in Maggie’s blood.(Maggie的父母都从空军退役了，所以飞行的渴望是她与生俱来的)”可知，Maggie的父母都从空军退役，所以飞行的冲动在玛姬的血液里，即玛姬的父母在空军服役的背景影响了她独自飞行的冲动。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her instructor talked to her from the ground while she circled a few times to gather herself.(她的教练在地面与她通话，与此同时，她盘旋了几圈让自己镇定下来)”可知，当Maggie起飞时听到不对劲的声音，她在空中盘旋了几圈让自己镇定下来。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I was frightened, thinking about all the bad things that could have happened;(想到可能发生的所有坏事，我很害怕)”，第四段中“Take a few breaths, focus on the moment and follow the plan. I panicked a bit, but followed my training.(做几次深呼吸，专注于当下，按照计划行事。我有点恐慌，但还是按照训练的要求做)”以及最后一段中“At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you.(在我们生命中的某个时刻，我们都会第一次遇到这种情况。太可怕了。但如果你直面恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开大门)”可知，Maggie在遇到起落架故障时，虽然害怕，但还是按照训练要求冷静应对，并且在五天后继续飞行，这表明她是一个勇敢且坚定的人。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At some point in our lives, we will all be in a situation for the first time. It’s scary. But if you face your fears, the whole world opens up to you.(在我们生命中的某个时刻，我们都会第一次遇到这种情况。太可怕了。但如果你直面恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开大门)”可知，在我们的生活中，总会有第一次面对某种情况的时候，这很可怕，但是如果你面对你的恐惧，整个世界都会向你敞开，由此可推知，文章想要告诉我们的是“勇者天助”。故选C。 C After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people stare at the Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not due to a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go. Take other celebrated works of art. Until the end of the 19th century Michelangelo’s “David” had only his fig leaf to protect him from the weather in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. He attracted more pigeons than visitors; visitors preferred the artists’ sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the famous “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers were crazy about “Venus de Medici”, a delicate sculpture most people alive today have never heard of. Much as in art, the classics of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today, Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919. “The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence. 8．What made the painting “Mona Lisa” well-known? A．Its innovative artistic techniques. B．The incident of it being stolen. C．The public’s curiosity concerning its creator. D．The long-term research on it by scholars. 9．What does Rochelle think of classics? A．Enduring. B．Fading. C．Changeable. D．Admirable. 10．How does the author develop paragraph 4? A．By studying the causes for people’s shifting opinions. B．By tracing the historical development of public taste standards. C．By citing examples of some forgotten classics regaining fame. D．By comparing the artistic values of different classic works. 11．What might ultimately discourage the development of classics? A．The ignorance of culture. B．The course of time. C．The evolution of tastes. D．The lack of criticism. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．C 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过《蒙娜丽莎》的成名、艺术史上其他经典作品的例子以及音乐和文学领域的经典作品地位的变化，探讨了经典作品的地位并非永恒不变，而是取决于评论家和人们的观点，同时指出缺乏批评才是经典发展的真正敌人。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet it became famous not due to a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”.(然而，它的声名鹊起并非因为那抹诱人的蒙娜丽莎微笑。在1911年一名工人盗走这幅杰作之前，它始终寂寂无闻——直到观众蜂拥而至，只为一睹被法国报纸称作“巨大骇人空白”的失画现场)”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》被盗的事件使其闻名于世。故选B项。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go.(但正如历史学家Rochelle Gurstein在新书中所言，所谓“永恒经典”实则不然。她指出：“我曾深信镌刻在石碑上的经典，其实不过是写在水中的幻影。”经典之作始终在流动变迁中。)”可推知，Rochelle认为经典作品不过是写在水中的幻影，不是永恒不变的，而是可变的。故选C项。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Today, Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919.(如今，约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫常被尊为古典乐巨匠。然而自1750年逝世后，巴赫的作品便淡出公众视野，直到1820年代才被德国作曲家费利克斯·门德尔松重新发掘。赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的杰作《白鲸》同样遭遇沉寂——在1919年他百年诞辰之际，经由哥伦比亚大学教授雷蒙德·韦弗等评论家的力荐，这部巨著才从湮没无闻的深渊中被拯救出来)”可知，本段通过列举巴赫的作品和赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的杰作《白鲸》的例子，说明了一些被遗忘的经典作品后来又重新获得了声誉。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence.(“经典的地位”取决于评论家，这彰显了充满激情的作家改变人们艺术视角的力量。审美趣味在不断演变，且理应如此。但文化唯有在人们持续争论何为当代经典的过程中才能生生不息。经典真正的敌人并非相对主义或觉醒意识，而是永恒的沉寂)”可知，文化唯有在人们持续争论过程中才能生生不息，所以经典真正的敌人是永恒的沉寂，即，没有争论或缺乏批评，最终会阻碍经典作品的发展。故选D项。 D Los Angeles is famous for its complex and busy highways. It is also one of the only two cities in the world where big cats wander wild inside the city area. But big cats and highways do not mix, which is why Los Angeles will soon be home to one of the world’s biggest wildlife corridors (走廊) . The cats are mountain lions. They live in the Santa Monica Mountains. Their numbers are stable. They live mostly in the wild. The ecology is healthy, thanks in part to the lions. Yet animals can come under threat without habitat loss. Genetic degradation (退化) can be just as deadly. Cutting through the mountains is Route 101, carrying up to 10, 000 vehicles an hour. It cuts the Santa Monica range off from a larger wilderness to the north. The southern area is not big enough for all the lions. The result is many lions are trapped on an environmental island, with inbreeding (近亲繁殖) and genetic degradation. A study in 2016 found that, given their environment, the Santa Monica mountain lions’ chances of extinction in 50 years would be 15-22%; because of their genetic deterioration, the chance of extinction was more like 99.7%. California government has its solution. There are healthy mountain-lion populations north of the Santa Monica range, isolated by the ribbon of road. Hidden cameras show the animals standing at the side of the highway, not daring to cross. The solution is a 165-foot-wide dirt bridge which would allow them to travel high over the traffic. Such corridors have worked elsewhere, from large spans for deer over the Trans-Canada highway to a small clawbridge for migrating red crabs (红蟹) on Christmas Island. Last month the governor, Gavin Newsom, launched construction. The animals become sexually mature at 2.5 to 3 years and have babies every other year. So within ten years of the corridor’s completion the great-grandchildren of the first mating beyond the mountains could have cubs. Genetically, even a few matings would make a difference. “We’ll definitely save the mountain lion,” thinks Paul Edelman of the Mountains recreation and Conservation Authority. “It’s just a matter of how long it takes. ” 12．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．To tell the importance of Route 101. B．To show the threat lions are facing. C．To describe the living environment of lions. D．To discuss the importance of protecting lions. 13．Which word can replace the underlined word in the passage? A．separated B．connected C．polluted D．decorated 14．Why does the writer mention the example of “red crabs” in paragraph 4? A．To show the effectiveness of the corridor. B．To indicate the large population of crabs. C．To strengthen the importance of highways. D．To compare the difference between lions and crabs. 15．What is the title of the passage? A．Human and Lions — Living in Harmony B．Protect the Lions — Offering Them Freedom C．Save the Lions — Time to Take Action D．The Threat Lions Are Facing — Lack of habitat 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了洛杉矶圣莫尼卡山脉的美洲狮因101号公路隔绝面临近亲繁殖和基因退化威胁，加州政府将修建野生动物走廊拯救它们。 12．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The result is many lions are trapped on an environmental island, with inbreeding (近亲繁殖) and genetic degradation. A study in 2016 found that, given their environment, the Santa Monica mountain lions’ chances of extinction in 50 years would be 15-22%; because of their genetic deterioration, the chance of extinction was more like 99.7%.(结果是许多狮子被困在一个环境岛上，近亲繁殖和基因退化。2016年的一项研究发现，考虑到它们的环境，圣莫尼卡山狮在50年内灭绝的几率为15%-22%；由于它们的遗传恶化，灭绝的几率更高达99.7%)”可知，本段主要是在说明狮子面临的威胁。故选B项。 13．词句猜测题。根据第四段“California government has its solution. There are healthy mountain-lion populations north of the Santa Monica range, isolated by the ribbon of road. Hidden cameras show the animals standing at the side of the highway, not daring to cross. (加州政府有自己的解决方案。圣莫尼卡山脉以北有健康的美洲狮种群，被一条带状公路isolated。隐藏的摄像头显示，动物们站在高速公路旁，不敢过马路)”可知，动物不敢过高速公路，由此推知，高速公路使圣莫尼卡山脉以北的狮子种群与外界隔绝。划线词isolated意为“隔绝的”，与separated含义一致。故选A项。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Hidden cameras show the animals standing at the side of the highway, not daring to cross. The solution is a 165-foot-wide dirt bridge which would allow them to travel high over the traffic. Such corridors have worked elsewhere, from large spans for deer over the Trans- Canada highway to a small clawbridge for migrating red crabs (红蟹) on Christmas Island. (隐藏的摄像头显示，动物们站在高速公路旁，不敢过马路。解决方案是一座165英尺宽的土桥，这将使它们能够在交通上行驶。这样的走廊在其他地方也发挥了作用，从横贯加拿大高速公路上鹿的大跨度到圣诞岛上红蟹迁徙的小型爪桥)”可知，作者提及红蟹的例子是为了证明野生动物走廊发挥作用，证明野生动物走廊的有效性。故选A项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段中的“But big cats and highways do not mix, which is why Los Angeles will soon be home to one of the world’s biggest wildlife corridors (走廊) .(但是大型猫科动物和高速公路是不能共存的，这就是为什么洛杉矶将很快成为世界上最大的野生动物走廊之一的原因)”和第三段中的“The result is many lions are trapped on an environmental island, with inbreeding (近亲繁殖) and genetic degradation. A study in 2016 found that, given their environment, the Santa Monica mountain lions’ chances of extinction in 50 years would be 15-22%; because of their genetic deterioration, the chance of extinction was more like 99.7%.(结果是许多狮子被困在一个环境岛上，近亲繁殖和基因退化。2016年的一项研究发现，考虑到它们的环境，圣莫尼卡山狮在50年内灭绝的几率为15%-22%；由于它们的遗传恶化，灭绝的几率更高达99.7%)”可知，文章核心围绕洛杉矶的美洲狮因高速公路隔绝面临基因退化威胁，政府通过修建野生动物走廊拯救它们展开，“Save the Lions — Time to Take Action (拯救狮子——是时候采取行动了)”契合全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 七选五 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. 16 . Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. 17 . Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. 18 . For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). 19 . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. 20 ! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A．It’s important to be a good tourist B．Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C．The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D．Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E．The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F．Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G．One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 【答案】16．G 17．D 18．F 19．B 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了旅游业的利弊，重点讨论了游客不当行为带来的问题，并呼吁大家成为有礼貌、为他人着想的好游客。 16．由上文“Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.(旅游业既有好的一面，也有坏的一面。是的，它为当地经济带来收入，为当地人创造了大量就业机会，但也可能带来一些问题。)”及下文“Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”.(游客们用石头，甚至钥匙在许多旅游景点上写字。成千上万的旅游景点正被那些“爱它们至死”的游客破坏。)”可知，本空应强调游客行为带来的一个具体问题。G选项“One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination(一个日益严重的问题是游客想要证明他们去过某个目的地)”是对下文游客破坏行为的一个原因概述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 17．由上文“If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love.(如果你想在这个世界上留下印记，那就用善良和爱去改变别人的生活。)”可知，本空应强调善良和爱的传承。D选项“Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction(把善良传递给后代，而不是破坏)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 18．由上文“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life.(在一些地方，另一个大问题就是游客打扰了当地人的生活。)”及下文“For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies.(例如，泰国的清迈大学和韩国的延世大学都有大量游客参观他们的校园，穿过他们的图书馆和其他公共区域，给学生拍照，打扰他们的学习。)”可知，本空应举例说明游客如何打扰当地人。F选项“Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission(一些游客未经允许就在周围走动，给当地人拍照)”是对下文游客打扰行为的一个具体例子，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 19．由上文“Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的).(另一个例子是中国北京的三里屯。一些游客喜欢在那里玩到深夜，让当地人很难入睡。对于这样的游客，我有三个字：请为他人着想。)”可知，本空应强调游客在享受乐趣的同时也要考虑他人。B选项“Have fun in a way that does not disturb others(以不打扰别人的方式享受乐趣)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 20．由上文“The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more.(游客带来的问题数不胜数：成群结队地行走而不考虑其他需要路过的人，过马路时不考虑当地的交通法规，等等。)”及下文“Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible.(尽可能成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客。)”可知，本空应强调解决问题的关键在于游客自身的行为。E选项“The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one(解决问题的唯一方法就是确保自己不是（造成问题）的那类人)”是对上文问题的总结，并引出下文对游客行为的期望，符合题意。故选E。 二、完形填空 When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a 21 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 22 . Every day, Dad 23 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 24 . We went through diverse 25 , from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West. One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 26 a particularly rough path. 27 , I froze, not knowing what to do. That’s when my parents 28 . As Dad showed me footholds (立足处), Mom, with calming 29 , reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I restored (恢复) the confidence as my feet 30 solid ground again. When I finally 31 my fear, I felt we became 32 as a family. From then on, every evening, we’d 33 around a campfire for what we affectionately called “Family Reflection Time.” We’d share laughs, tears, and insights from the day’s experiences. The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t 34 about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 35 together. 21．A．formal B．physical C．dangerous D．necessary 22．A．relationships B．destinations C．arrangements D．civilizations 23．A．guided B．confused C．followed D．contacted 24．A．experiments B．stations C．locations D．events 25．A．cultures B．landscapes C．tracks D．countries 26．A．gave up B．cleaned up C．picked out D．came across 27．A．Frightened B．Annoyed C．Curious D．Surprised 28．A．showed off B．stood up C．stepped in D．turned back 29．A．words B．lectures C．songs D．pictures 30．A．left B．broke C．found D．missed 31．A．expressed B．recognized C．hid D．overcame 32．A．nicer B．larger C．braver D．closer 33．A．walk B．gather C．run D．look 34．A．usually B．actually C．merely D．obviously 35．A．challenges B．failures C．cheats D．mistakes 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者三年级时和家人的一次跨州旅行，这段旅程不仅是地理上的移动，更让作者收获了个人成长，加深了家庭羁绊。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是一段身体上的旅程；更是一场探索我们亲情关系的发现之旅。A. formal正式的；B. physical身体的、地理上的；C. dangerous危险的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文“trip across the country”，旅行是地理空间上的移动，属于“身体上的旅程”，与后文“心灵层面的亲情探索”形成对比。故选B项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是一段身体上的旅程；更是一场探索我们亲情关系的发现之旅。A. relationships关系；B. destinations目的地；C. arrangements安排；D. civilizations文明。后文围绕旅行中家人的互助、晚间的分享展开，核心是“家庭关系”的深化。故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，爸爸都靠着他那可靠的路线图指引我们前行。A. guided指引；B. confused使困惑；C. followed跟随；D. contacted联系。根据后文“trusty road map”，可知，地图的作用是“指引”方向，符合旅行场景。故选A项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈是我们家的核心，她会分享民间故事，描绘即将抵达的地方的景象。A. experiments实验；B. stations车站；C. locations地方、地点；D. events事件。根据常识旅行中即将到达的是不同的“地点”，妈妈通过故事和描述让这些地方更生动。故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们穿越了各种各样的地貌，从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠。A. cultures文化；B. landscapes地貌、风景；C. tracks轨迹；D. countries国家。根据后文“thick forests”和“vast deserts”都属于自然地貌。故选B项。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。A. gave up放弃；B. cleaned up清理；C. picked out挑选；D. came across偶然遇到。根据前文“One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon”以及“a particularly rough path”可知，徒步中突然遇到崎岖小路，符合“意外性”场景。故选D项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了，僵在原地，不知道该怎么办。A. Frightened害怕的；B. Annoyed恼怒的；C. Curious好奇的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据后文“I froze”可知，面对崎岖小路，作者不知所措，内心是“害怕的”。故选A项。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，我的父母介入了。A. showed off炫耀；B. stood up站起来；C. stepped in介入、帮忙；D. turned back返回。根据后文“As Dad showed me footholds (立足处), Mom, with calming 9 , reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead”可知，作者陷入困境，父母主动帮忙指导，即“介入”困境。故选C项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸给我指出立足点，妈妈则用安抚的话语提醒我前方令人惊叹的景色。A. words话语；B. lectures讲座；C. songs歌曲；D. pictures图片。根据后文“reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.”可知，妈妈通过说话安抚作者，“calming words”表“安抚的话语”，符合语境。故选A项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我的脚再次踩到坚实的地面时，我重拾了信心。A. left离开；B. broke打破；C. found找到、踩到；D. missed错过。根据前文“Then, I restored (恢复) the confidence”可知，作者在父母指导下找到安全的立足点，脚“踩到”坚实地面，重拾信心。故选C项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我最终克服恐惧时，我感觉我们一家人变得更亲密了。A. expressed表达；B. recognized认出；C. hid隐藏；D. overcame克服。根据前文“ 7 , I froze, not knowing what to do.”以及“Then, I restored (恢复) the confidence”可知，从害怕到重拾信心，作者“克服”了恐惧。故选D项。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我最终克服恐惧时，我感觉我们一家人变得更亲密了。A. nicer更好的；B. larger更大的；C. braver更勇敢的；D. closer更亲密的。根据前文“When I finally 11 my fear,”可知，共同面对并克服困难，会让家庭关系更“亲密”。故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，每天晚上，我们都会围坐在篝火旁，进行我们亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”的活动。A. walk散步；B. gather聚集、围坐；C. run跑步；D. look看。根据后文“round a campfire”可知，围坐在篝火旁，是旅行中常见的场景。故选B项。 34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行告诉我，旅行的真正意义不仅仅在于到达目的地，更在于旅途中的个人成长，以及共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。A. usually通常；B. actually实际上；C. merely仅仅；D. obviously明显地。根据后文“but about the personal growth that happens on the route”可知，此处强调“不仅是……更是……”，“merely”表“仅仅”，符合逻辑。故选C项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行告诉我，旅行的真正意义不仅仅在于到达目的地，更在于旅途中的个人成长，以及共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。A. challenges挑战；B. failures失败；C. cheats欺骗；D. mistakes错误。根据前文“One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 　6 a particularly rough path.”可知，作者遇到的崎岖小路是旅行中的“挑战”，此处概括旅行中共同面对的困难。故选A项。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Simply tap the touch screen to take a photo, and discover which Terracotta Warrior you resemble (相像) based on facial data 36 (take) from the statues. This is one of the 37 (interaction) programs at the 2025 World Internet Conference Cultural Heritage Digitalization Forum. Time-honored monuments, manuscripts, and 38 (artwork) are increasingly at risk from the passage of time, natural disasters and even human conflict. In light of these threats, digitalization plays an important role in both preserving these invaluable treasures and sharing them with 39 global audience. One of the displays is a six-legged robot dog developed by China’s tech giant Lenovo. 40 (weigh) 30 kg, the robot conducted inspection within Yingxian Pagoda in north China’s Shanxi Province, the tallest and oldest wooden multi-story structure in the world. Operating in a non-contact manner, it 41 (equip) with 3D modeling cameras to collect and analyze real-time data on cracks and peeling paint on the pagoda’s interior, without causing any damage. Participants 42 (stress) the need for both local and global efforts to address challenges such as technology and inclusivity, including bridging the digital divide 43 countries while respecting diverse traditions and histories. They also called for establishing more collaborative platforms, 44 would help share knowledge and technology, alongside common digital standards 45 (ensure) that cultural data remains accessible for future generations. Heritage is global, and so must be our efforts to protect it. 【答案】 36．taken 37．interactive 38．artworks 39．a 40．Weighing 41．was equipped 42．stressed 43．between 44．which 45．to ensure 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了2025年世界互联网大会文化遗产数字化论坛上的相关互动项目、数字化技术对文化遗产保护的作用及参会者提出的建议。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：只需轻触触摸屏拍照，就能根据从雕像中提取的面部数据，发现你与哪个兵马俑相像。which引导的定语从句谓语为resemble，此处为非谓语动词，take与逻辑主语facial data构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填taken。 37．考查形容词。句意：这是2025年世界互联网大会文化遗产数字化论坛上的互动项目之一。修饰名词programs，应用形容词interactive“交互的，互动的”，作定语。故填interactive。 38．考查名词的数。句意：历史悠久的纪念碑、手稿和艺术品越来越容易受到时间流逝，自然灾害甚至人类冲突的影响。artwork“艺术品”为可数名词，此处指不止一件艺术品，应用复数形式，作主语。故填artworks。 39．考查冠词。句意：鉴于这些威胁，数字化在保护这些无价之宝并将其分享给全球观众方面发挥着重要作用。audience为集合名词，此处表泛指“整体的一个群体”，应用不定冠词，且global是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：这只重30公斤的机器狗在中国北方山西省的应县木塔内进行了检查，该木塔是世界上最高、最古老的木质多层建筑。本句谓语为conducted，此处为非谓语动词，weigh“重达”与逻辑主语the robot构成主动关系，用现在分词，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Weighing。 41．考查时态语态。句意：它以非接触方式运行，配备了3D建模摄像头，用于收集和分析塔内裂缝和油漆剥落的实时数据，而不会造成任何损坏。结合上文conducted可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语it与equip“装备”构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was。故填was equipped。 42．考查时态。句意：与会者强调，需要本地和全球共同努力，应对技术和包容性等挑战，包括弥合国家间的数字鸿沟，同时尊重不同的传统和历史。描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用stress“强调”的过去式stressed。故填stressed。 43．考查介词。句意：与会者强调，需要本地和全球共同努力，应对技术和包容性等挑战，包括弥合国家间的数字鸿沟，同时尊重不同的传统和历史。后跟名词countries，表示“国家之间”应用介词between。故填between。 44．考查定语从句。句意：他们还呼吁建立更多的合作平台，这将有助于分享知识和技术，同时制定共同的数字标准，以确保文化数据能够为后代所用。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词platforms，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还呼吁建立更多的合作平台，这将有助于分享知识和技术，同时制定共同的数字标准，以确保文化数据能够为后代所用。ensure“确保”在句中作非谓语动词，表目的，此处用不定式，作目的状语。故填to ensure。 四、书信写作 46．假定你是校学生会主席李华，在你校“读书月”活动到来之际，为呼吁学生多读书，读好书，请你以学生会的名义，为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1. 读书的好处； 2. 发出倡议。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear boys and girls, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】 Dear boys and girls, With the reading month approaching, I’m here to call on all of you to do more reading$