内容正文:
第四单元“简便运算”归纳总结
(一)加法运算律:
加法交换律:a+b=b+a
加法结合律:a+b+c=a+(b+c)
245+28+72
128+308+72
59+108+141
75+602+98
567+288+133
275+211+689
417+364+183+36
(二)乘法运算律:
乘法交换律:a×b=b×a
乘法结合律:a×b×c=a×(b×c).
25×37×4
28×8×125
75×9×2
64×8×125
44×25
16×125
25×32×125
25×48
(三)减法运算律
a-b-c=a-(b+c)
a-(b-c)=a-b+c
273-26-73
128-63-37
280-18-82
542-74-42
628-(46+128)
455-(63+55)
243-(69-57)
680-(46-20)
354-119-81
667-128-67
572-69-72
437-(149+37)
(四)乘法分配律:(a+b)×c=a×c+b×c.
类型一:
45×123+77×45
68×32+32×132
65×128+72×65
类型二:
(40+4)×25
(125+16)×8
(25+45)×40
类型三:
101×28
27×102
87×101
类型四:
98×63
99×36
47×99
类型五:
63×99+63
72×98+144
24×98+48
类型六:
46×102-92
45×101-45
68×101-68
32×98+64
12×103-36
43×102-86
第四单元简便运算归纳总结(答案)
(一)加法运算律
加法交换律:a+b=b+a
加法结合律:a+b+c=a+(b+c)
245+28+72
=245+(28+72)
=245+100
=345
128+308+72
=(128+72)+308
=200+308
=508
59+108+141
=108+(59+141)=108+200
=308
75+602+98
75+(602+98)
=75+700
=775
567+288+133
=(567+133)+288
=700+288
=988
275+211+689
=275+(211+689)
=275+900
=1175
417+364+183+36
=(417+183)+(364+36)
=600+400
=1000
(二)乘法运算律
乘法交换律:a×b=b×a
乘法结合律:a×b×c=a×(b×c).
25×37×4
=(25×4)×37
=100×37
=3700
28×8×125
=28×(8×125)
=28×1000
=28000
75×9×2
=(75×2)×9
=150×9
=1350
64×8×125
=64×(8×125)
=64×1000
=64000
44×25
=(4×11)×25
=(4×25)×11
=100×11
=1100
16×125
=2×8×125
=2×(8×125)
=2×1000
=2000
25×32×125
=25×4×8×125
=(25×4)×(8×125)=100×1000
=100000
25×48
=25×12×4
=(25×4)×12
=100×12
=1200
(三)减法运算律
a-b-c=a-(b+c)
a-(b-c)=a-b+c
273-26-73
=(273-73)-26
=200-26
=174
128-63-37
=128-(63+37)
=128-100
=28
280-18-82
=280-(18+82)
=280-100
=180
542-74-42
=542-42-74
=500-74
=426
629-(46+129)
=629-46-129
=(629-129)-46
=500-46
=454
455- (63+55)
=455-63-55
=400-63
=337
243-(69-57)
=243-69+57
=(243+57)-69
=300-69
=231
680- (46-20)
=680-46+20
=(680+20)-46
=700-46
=654
354-119-81
=354-(119+81)
=354-200
=154
667-128-67
=667-67-128
=600-128
=472
572-69-72
=572-72-69
=500-69
=431
437- (149+37)
=437-149-37
=(437-37)-149
=400-149
=251
(四)乘法分配律:(a+b)×c=a×c+b×c.
类型一:逆着用
45×123+77×45
=45×(123+77)
=45×200
=9000
68×32+32×132
=(68+132)×32
=200×32
=6400
65×128+72×65
=65×(128+72)
=65×200
=13000
类型二:正着用
(40+4)×25
=40×25+4×25
=1000+100
=1100
(125+16)×8
=125×8+16×8
=1000+128
=1128
(25+45)×40
=25×40+45×40
=1000+2260
=3260
类型三:
101×28
=(100+1)×28
=10028+281
=2800+28
=2828
27×102
=27×(100+2)
=27×100+2×27
=2700+54
=2754
87×101
=87×(100+1)
=87×100+87×1
=8700+87
=8787
类型四:
98×63
=(100-2)×63
=100×63-2×63
=6300-126
=6174
99×36
=(100-1)×36
=100×36-36×1
=3600-36
=3564
47×99
=47×(100-1)
=47×100-47×1
=4700-47
=4653
类型五:
63×99+63
=63×99+63×1
=63×(99+1)
=63×100
=6300
72×98+144
=72×98+72×2
=72×(98+2)
=72×100
=7200
24×98+48
=24×98+24×2
=24×(98+2)
=24×100
=2400
类型六:
46×102-92
=46×102-46×2
=46×(102-2)
=46×100
=4600
45×101-45
=45×101-45×1
=45×(101-1)
=45×100
=4500
68×101-68
=68×101-68×1
=68×(101-1)
=68×100
=6800
32×98+64
=32×98+32×2
=32×(98+2)
=32×100
=3200
12×103-36
=12×103-12×3
=12×(103-3)
=12×100
=1200
43×102-86
=43×102-43×2
=43×(102-2)
=43×100
=4300
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$