专题15 完形填空（二）（体裁突破）（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，江苏专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题14 完形填空(二)(体裁突破) ( 目 录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一 记叙文 记叙文是完形填空常考的体裁，可分为叙事和记人两种形式，主要包括幽默故事，名人传记，事件叙述等。文章的选材大都是学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后能带来心灵的启迪。文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，体现《普通高中英语课程标准》所强调的对学生英语学科核心素养的培养要求。记叙文完形以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨；关注末段，注意感想 重视首句，了解短文话题，明确叙述角度。叙述角度多为第一人称或第三人称。第一人称从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间可读出作者对人物、事物或景色的情感态度。第三人称从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。记叙文的最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪。因此要认真体会作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主旨。 2. 跳空速读全文，理清写作顺序，明确写作要素 跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和写作要素。作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。基本的写作要素包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 做题时可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，走进作者思维，深入理解文章的含义，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，同时要结合文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点包括语意是否前后一致；上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构以及文化背景知识和生活常识是否合理。 考点二 夹叙夹议文 夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起作者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。 1. 关注首尾，把握主旨大意 这里的“首尾”包括(语篇的)首段尾段、(段落的)首句尾句。通过首句/首段可明确文章话题，了解篇章结构，窥一斑而知全豹(把握主旨大意，即“文意”)。尾句往往是作者的点睛之笔，通过尾段/尾句一般可以更加真实、确切地体会到作者的写作意图、对待事件的真实态度等核心内容。 2. 抓住主线，理清情节发展 抓住故事的主线(篇章的“文脉”和段落的“文脉”)，顺着这些主线，理清短文各段情节发展的脉络。考生要关注写人叙事的方法(对比、强调、举例、解释、递进等等)，结合文章的结构特点，依据衔接词来正确理解故事情节的发展。 3. 注重语境，理解行文逻辑 夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，大部分篇幅在描述人物、事件，作者的观点及态度有时就隐含在其中；少部分篇幅发表议论，议论部分与叙述部分衔接紧密、逻辑严谨(通过“文法”来体现)。这就要求考生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。 考点三 说明文 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为：1.作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提；2.一般按一定的顺序展开，理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义；3.往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂；4.一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律；5.讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。 1. 快速掌握文章大意 对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。 2. 理清说明顺序 把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。 3. 把握文章的组织结构和事实细节 说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。 4. 注重上下文语境 对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定势”，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。 考点四 议论文 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章，主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理、辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。议论文都是由论点、论据和论证这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题—分析问题—解决问题的过程。 它的语言自然、客观、抽象、概括。 1. 把握首段和首句完整的信息，把握全文的主旨大意 2. 把握作者的观点和态度 议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。 3. 结合论点、论据，找出正确选项 一般说来，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证，而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，因而整个文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相反，最后的结论与论点相矛盾，那么我们就要重新回过头来理顺文章的各个部分，直到清楚为止，这样才能选出正确答案。 4. 通篇阅读，围绕主题(论点)推敲有疑问的题目，并最终确定答案。 逐题按照文章的内容及语境选择完毕后，一篇完整的文章便呈现出来，此时，要注意一定要通读全文，以验证个别题目的答案是否与主题偏离，以求更高的准确度。 考点一：记叙文 (2025年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题)My husband hasn’t stopped laughing about the thing that happened to me. It’s 1 now but it wasn’t at that time. Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in town, I wanted a rest before catching the train, so I bought a 2 and some chocolate and went to the station coffee shop — that was a cheap, self-service place with long 3 to sit at. I put my heavy bag down on the floor, put the newspaper and chocolate on the table to 4 a place, and went to get a cup of coffee. When I came back with the coffee, there was someone in the next seat. It was one of those 5 young men, with dark glasses and torn clothes, and hair colored bright 6 at the front. Not so unusual these days. What did 7 me was that he started to eat my chocolate! Naturally, I was annoyed. However, to avoid trouble — then really I was rather uneasy about him — I just looked down at the front page of the newspaper, tasted my coffee, and took a bit of chocolate. The boy looked at me 8 . Then he took another piece of my chocolate. I could hardly 9 it. Still I didn’t want to start an argument. When he took a 10 piece, I felt more 11 than annoyed. I thought, “Well, I shall have the last piece.” And I got it. The boy gave a strange look, and then stood up. As he left, he shouted out, “This womans mad!” Everyone 12 at me. That really made me feel silly, but it was 13 when I finished my coffee and got ready to leave. My face went red as red as his hair when I 14 I’d made a mistake. It wasn’t my chocolate. There was mine, 15 just under my newspaper. 1. A. serious B. wonderful C. funny D. exciting 2. A. cake B. newspaper C. magazine D. bag 3. A. chairs B. tables C. benches D. windows 4. A. order B. find C. keep D. take 5. A. wild-looked B. wild-looking C. good-looked D. good-looking 6. A. red B. black C. brown D. white 7. A. interest B. surprise C. frighten D. hurt 8. A. eagerly B. really C. closely D. shyly 9. A. believe B. bear C. notice D. stop 10. A. last B. big C. single D. third 11. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. pleased 12. A. agreed B. promised C. stared D. followed 13. A. better B. worse C. later D. easier 14. A. wondered B. realized C. decided D. recognized 15. A. tasted B. split C. tied D. unopened (2026届广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷(一))It was a summer. After a 33-kilometre cycling, my cousin Gabriel and I were 1 . We planned to get lunch and then 2 back to Valence, where I was spending my holiday with Gabriel’s family. We bought a baguette. As we ate, I noticed a girl in a queue smiling at us. I met her again when she sat on a bench, enjoying her bread in front of a riverboat named Voyageur. Soon she boarded the boat. Then I noticed a colourful handbag on the 3 . The girl had left it! She was on the upper deck(甲板)! I held up the bag and 4 it to get her attention. When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth 5 . But her face fell — the boat started to pull away from the dock(码头). “We can 6 it! The boat’s next stop is Valence!” Gabriel came up. “Great! But do you think we can 7 ?” I asked. Gabriel laughed. “We’re going to find out!” We set off. It was a race now: 8 against the boat. If the boat beat us to Valence, we might 9 have the chance to give back the bag. Pedaling hard, we quickly caught up to the Voyageur. When the boat disappeared 10 us, we felt confident enough to relax our pace. Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire(轮胎漏气)! My heart sank. We had to stop and took out the tools when the Voyageur was coming near. I saw the girl again. She noticed our 11 and shook her head sadly. After a quick 12 , we were back on our way. The boat pulled ahead. We watched 13 as the boat disappeared around a bend. Finally we arrived, 14 the Voyageur had docked. We failed! Gabriel suddenly shouted, “I see her!” The girl was strolling towards us! “You followed my boat!” she smiled. “No, your boat followed us,” I 15 . “Until I got a flat tire, that is.” I handed her the bag. 1. A. hungry B. lazy C. relaxed D. bored 2. A. walk B. drive C. ride D. fly 3. A. bench B. boat C. bike D. bread 4. A. threw B. opened C. dropped D. waved 5. A. in fear B. in surprise C. in silence D. in sadness 6. A. return B. borrow C. sell D. use 7. A. break down B. catch up C. go out D. get away 8. A. her B. it C. them D. us 9. A. usually B. sometimes C. never D. always 10. A. behind B. before C. beside D. opposite 11. A. effort B. trouble C. risk D. success 12. A. sleeping B. riding C. fixing D. swimming 13. A. happily B. angrily C. helplessly D. excitedly 14. A. and B. so C. or D. but 15. A. refused B. joked C. complained D. nodded 考点二：夹叙夹议文 When Sarah first arrived in the Caribbean for an infrastructure project, she was met with local skepticism. “People saw us as outsiders with no real care for their lives,” she recalled. The sense of 1 grew in her, and her team faced frequent rejections of their plans; community meetings would burst into arguments. One afternoon, Sarah visited a bookstore run by Mrs. Alvarez. They chatted, and the elderly woman mentioned how the old harbor had been the community’s heart — until a storm 2 it years ago. “No one’s dared to 3 it since,” she said, her voice filled with regret. Sarah saw a chance for the 4 of the growing distrust. She asked Mrs. Alvarez to gather a few residents for a casual chat about the harbor’s past. To her 5 , over fifty people came, 6 sharing old photos and memories. That day, Sarah’s team 7 their blueprints and just listened. As stories emerged, the community’s 8 attitude softened. Residents offered suggestions, and teens helped compile historical records. The final construction plan 9 a memorial wall with quotes from those stories — an idea born from listening. Last month, the new harbor opened. Mrs. Alvarez placed a book of collected stories at the entrance. “Infrastructure is steel and concrete,” she told Sarah, “but trust is 10 through stories. You built a bond.” Sarah now 11 her time between regions, teaching others to use storytelling. “It’s about letting locals see their 12 in the plans.” she says. She’s even 13 a handbook for the removal of cultural barriers. This experience taught Sarah that genuine connection demands courage to 14 and patience to nurture. “Every story is a brick,” she tells students. “Lay enough, and you’ll build an unbreakable 15 .” Today, walking along the harbor, she sees proof that understanding can bridge the deepest divides. 1. A. welcome B. confidence C. isolation D. relief 2. A. protected B. enlarged C. surrounded D. ruined 3. A. rebuild B. visit C. mention D. paint 4. A. fade B. pause C. gain D. end 5. A. disappointment B. relief C. surprise D. regret 6. A. eagerly B. hesitantly C. formally D. secretly 7. A. took over B. handed out C. referred to D. set aside 8. A. friendly B. defensive C. indifferent D. conservative 9. A. included B. described C. rejected D. replaced 10. A. broken B. woven C. forgotten D. questioned 11. A. splits B. values C. wastes D. counts 12. A. rights B. needs C. dreams D. voices 13. A. reviewed B. authored C. revised D. sponsored 14. A. listen B. speak C. insist D. leave 15. A. wall B. harbor C. bridge D. ship We all have been in different situations. Now 1 back to two situations from your past, one pleasant and the other unpleasant. 2 carefully whether you relive(再体验) them or just recall them. If you relive them, 3 the same emotions as if you are undergoing the same situations again, you are 4 associated with the incidents. If you can objectively recall the incidents in the past, it’s 5 that you are dissociated (使分离) from the incidents. Now how do association and dissociation 6 us in our life? The simple 7 I prefer to follow is to associate with positive things in life and dissociate from the negative ones. Several months ago, my friends and I went to Ooty Hill Station. One friend, Amy, had been there before — she’d had a wonderful time and 8 the beauty of nature. The only unpleasant thing was that her ring fell into the 9 . When we decided to take a boat ride, Amy was not willing to 10 us, as she had associated the 11 with that unpleasant memory before closely. 12 she had many other pleasant memories of her previous visit, she had closely 13 that unpleasant incident to heart and relived the same old incident. Had she dissociated herself from that unpleasant incident, she could have figured out a way to keep the 14 safe during such a boat ride. So, learning to make a good 15 of which to associate and which to dissociate will make our life better. 1. A. date B. go C. turn D. think 2. A. Achieve B. Perform C. Observe D. Explain 3. A. experiencing B. understanding C. describing D. watching 4. A. quickly B. actively C. gradually D. certainly 5. A. possible B. clear C. fair D. lucky 6. A. support B. attract C. protect D. help 7. A. order B. result C. rule D. policy 8. A. remembered B. missed C. enjoyed D. watched 9. A. lake B. field C. forest D. castle 10. A. aid B. join C. accept D. ask 11. A. trip B. stage C. task D. trick 12. A. But B. While C. Unless D. Or 13. A. brought B. put C. given D. taken 14. A. goods B. valuables C. materials D. resources 15. A. offer B. wish C. choice D. start 考点三：说明文 (2024届广东省四会市华侨中学高三英语学业水平考试模拟卷6)The world has many beautiful 1 . We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it is all because of our ears! They 2 us a world of sounds. But some people can’t hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. 3 can hear well in their childhood, but too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on. Many people in China can’t hear 4 sounds clearly. A large number of them are children. Most of them are born 5 good hearing. But six children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And 6 a child has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have learning problems at school. A lot of things can 7 hearing problems. For example, too 8 earwax (耳垢) is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels(分贝) can hurt our ears and make us 9 our hearing for a short time or even forever. Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Don’t forget to do the following: Try to 10 places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. A pair of good earplugs can cut the noise 11 30 decibels. When 12 , remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in. Never put 13 sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out. Keep these things in 14 ! Then you won’t be 15 “What What” when you are older. 1. A. songs B. sounds C. noises D. voices 2. A. take B. fetch C. bring D. make 3. A. others B. the others C. other D. another 4. A. exciting B. common C. special D. surprising 5. A. with B. in C. have D. without 6. A. when B. if C. unless D. because 7. A. lead B. influence C. cause D. make 8. A. much B. many C. little D. few 9. A. miss B. stop C. drop D. lose 10. A. live in B. stay away from C. keep away D. leave for 11. A. of B. into C. by D. to 12. A. swimming B. running C. surfing D. boating 13. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 14. A. mind B. heart C. brain D. head 15. A. telling B. speaking C. complaining D. saying Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 1 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 . For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology 6 that idea. We brought young children aged 2 - 4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 7 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ears in a game of hide and seek. We then asked the child if she could 8 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 9 was repeated with different adults and different hiding actions, always with the same 10 . Next, we gave children the option of looking or not looking when an adult hid. Surprisingly again, most children 11 to look. Our research shows that children's “egocentrism” is 12 . They can take 13 into account and 14 what others can do. They simply 15 to use this information in their hiding games. 1. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing 2. A. bad B. good C. slow D. quick 3. A. hidden B. exposed C. examined D. noticed 4. A. described B. remembered C. received D. interpreted 5. A. previous B. recent C. later D. final 6. A. support B. praise C. challenge D. accept 7. A. adult B. researcher C. child D. parent 8. A. see B. find C. touch D. recognize 9. A. test B. game C. action D. experiment 10. A. answer B. child C. hiding D. result 11. A. refused B. decided C. preferred D. failed 12. A. natural B. strong C. temporary D. common 13. A. others’ perspectives B. their own needsC. different methods D. various options 14. A. report B. understand C. imagine D. predict 15. A. pretend B. learn C. manage D. fail 考点四：议论文 Imagine you are on a desert island for the rest of your days. What one book would you most 1 to have with you? Much more often than not, people 2 a great work of literature to keep them company for their 3 lives there. Then, what is literature? The answer is found by 4 at literature itself. For example, consider the very first 5 works we come into contact with over the 6 of our lives — children’s literature. Most of us 7 the first steps into the world of reading in the 8 : someone we love reads to us in bed. So begins the lifelong journey through all 9 pages that lie ahead. As we grow up, the practice of reading for pleasure — which 10 means reading literature — stays with us. Explaining to young children the politics or the history would be 11 . Literature, with its ability to communicate to all ages, can help. 12 we read well, we will find ourselves in a dialogue 13 the most creative minds of our own time and of the past. It enriches (丰富) life in 14 that nothing else quite can. It makes us more 15 . The better we learn to read literature, the better it will do that. 1. A. want B. ask C. allow D. require 2. A. provide B. choose C. discover D. follow 3. A. dangerous B. happy C. lonely D. colourful 4. A. looking B. working C. arriving D. pointing 5. A. developed B. printed C. designed D. reported 6. A. pattern B. course C. event D. condition 7. A. count B. pave C. watch D. take 8. A. bookstore B. classroom C. bedroom D. library 9. A. this B. these C. that D. those 10. A. typically B. perfectly C. expectedly D. similarly 11. A. convenient B. common C. private D. difficult 12. A. Though B. Since C. If D. Unless 13. A. for B. beyond C. with D. into 14. A. cases B. ways C. positions D. shapes 15. A. classical B. standard C. personal D. human As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 9 but are soon looking forward to 10 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 11 , who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first 12 their driver’s license? Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of 13 things, which they never had 14 to do while working. But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 15 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new toys. 1. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 2. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 10. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 11. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 12. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 13. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 14. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 15. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 一、阅读理解 A Join Us Different clubs make our school life colorful. Which one do you like to join? Volunteer Club We are going to visit the old people’s home this Saturday. We will do some cleaning for the old and make dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9 a.m. at the school gate. We will take the bus there and return at 4 p.m. Call 379516 to join us. Basketball Club Can you play basketball? Do you want to learn different basketball skills? Do you want to enjoy exciting matches? Our club opens at 4 p.m. every Tuesday. Remember to wear sports shoes. Call 543715 if you are interested. Hiking Club We are going to the countryside for a hike this Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there. We will come back at 3:30 p.m. Let’s meet at the school gate at 8 a.m. DIY Club If you are a DIY-lover, come and join us! Here you can make, repair and decorate things yourselves. You will have lots of fun here. The club is open from 2 p.m. to5:30 p.m. every Monday. Call 593782 for more information. 1. Amy, who will go to visit the old people’s home, will go there ________. A. by bus B. by plane C. by train D. on foot 2. If Tony joins the Basketball Club, he can go there ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. every day D. at weekends 3. In the Hiking Club, you can do many things except ________. A. go hiking B. have a picnic C. enjoy the beauty of nature D. watch matches 4. Where can you most probably find the poster? A. In a restaurant. B. In a school. C. In a hotel. D. In a supermarket. B The moment is recorded in sports history, not as a triumph, but as a seeming defeat. In 1978, a young Michael Jordan, passionate and full of dreams, tried out for the college basketball team at Laney High School. However, he was cut from the team for his lack of height and skill. For Jordan, this wasn’t just a rejection; it was a challenge. Instead of giving in to disappointment, he transformed it into an extraordinary drive. This early failure became the fuel for his legendary work ethic. He adopted a mindset of continuous forward progress, a perfect example of “onwards and upwards.” He began waking up before dawn to practice. He would spend hours alone on the court, honing his shooting, his dribbling, and his defensive moves. His competitive fire burned constantly; he turned every minor setback into a reason to improve. His journey was anything but smooth. After rising to stardom at the University of North Carolina and being drafted by the Chicago Bulls, Jordan faced tough opponents like the Detroit Pistons, who repeatedly knocked his team out of the playoffs(季后赛) with their physical “Jordan Rules.” Yet, each defeat only hardened his resolve. The ultimate proof of his strong spirit came after he finally led the Bulls to their first NBA championship in 1991. This victory was not the end of his story. He went onwards, leading the Bulls to two more consecutive titles, achieving a historic “three-peat.” Then, following the tragic murder of his father, he shocked the world by retiring from basketball to pursue baseball — a new difficult challenge that showcased his courage to start again from the bottom. But the basketball court called him back. In 1995, he returned to the Bulls with the simple message, “I’m back.” He led the team to a second, even more difficult “three-peat” from 1996 to 1998, solidifying his legacy as the greatest. Michael Jordan’s story teaches us that it is the courage to face setbacks, the discipline to keep improving, and the spirit to always move forward that truly defines a champion. 5. What was Jordan’s immediate reaction after being cut from the high school team? A. He decided to quit basketball forever. B. He accepted the reason for his rejection. C. He saw it as a challenge and became more determined. D. He blamed his teammates for the failure. 6. Why did Jordan shock the world by retiring from basketball in 1993? A. He wanted to prove he was the greatest player without winning more titles. B. He lost his passion for basketball after winning his first championship. C. He sought a new challenge as a way of dealing with a personal tragedy. D. He had a serious injury that prevented him from playing at a high level. 7. What can be inferred about Jordan’s character from his training habits? A. He relied mostly on his natural talent. B. He believed success came from nonstop hard work. C. He preferred to practice alone rather than with the team. D. He was often discouraged by minor setbacks. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To list all the awards Michael Jordan won in his career. B. To describe the history of the Chicago Bulls basketball team. C. To show how Jordan overcame setbacks with a never-give-up spirit. D. To compare Jordan’s career with other basketball players. C For a species mainly dependent on plants for food, we give plants curiously little respect. Thankfully, The Light Eaters, an absorbing book on recent discoveries in plant biology by journalist Zo Schlanger, will transform how we see not only plants but the nature of all life, strengthening our appreciation for those fascinating beings. Curiosity drives Schlanger’s narrative, who believes plant biology is a “case study” of a scientific revolution in progress. Do plants sense a wound? We feel her excitement and hesitation as she uses a tool to press a cress leaf. The plant has been genetically modified(修改) so that its cells shine gently when electrical charges pass through them. Pressed, the leaf immediately lights up. A wave of electrical activity moves until the entire plant is filled with information about the damaged leaf within seconds. Through Schlanger’s vivid description, I now understand these plants as living beings that respond to danger instantly. I am, as Schlanger writes of her own changed perspective,  “regaining connection with the natural world.” Schlanger’s visits to field sites and labs leave no doubt that, conscious or not, plants sense their surroundings and make well- informed decisions. Leaves pick up the sounds of chewing caterpillars and take appropriate chemical defenses. Flowers sweeten their nectar when they sense pollinators like bees flying by. Plants seem to use memory to adjust their growth and even minute-by-minute presentation of pollen. Reading about her pursuit of plant wonder, I felt an ever-increasing sense of admiration and affection for plants. Understanding plants' intelligence reframes our everyday experience of eating plants or seeing them growing out of a crack. In an age when we often feel distant from a living world in crisis, it is good to be reminded that other species have initiatives (主动性), flexible to handle tricky situations. Having thrived on Earth for half a billion years, plants have not only intelligence but wisdom about how to flourish in the face of change. 9. What is a feature of The Light Eaters according to the text? A. It focuses on threats to plants. B. It is targeted at plant biologists. C. It is packed with scientific terms. D. It helps us relate to the natural world. 10. How does the genetically modified cress leaf react in the experiment? A. It sends out special chemicals immediately. B. The composition of its cells changes slightly. C. The shape of the leaf is damaged completely. D. The cells of the leaf give out faint light instantly. 11. What can we learn from the examples given in paragraph 3? A. Plants act accordingly on the environment. B. Leaves defend against enemies passively. C. Flowers release chemicals for self-protection. D. Plants keep a steady growth rate for survival. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To share an experience. B. To recommend a book. C. To present an experiment. D. To prove an assumption. D When the toy called Labubu appeared on office desks in China, it was more than just a popular trend. It became a huge cultural wave that swept from celebrity houses to ordinary people’s living rooms, and from pop-up stores in Beijing malls to the screens of millions on social media. Some critics see it as a risky bubble(泡沫), pointing to very high resale prices (for example, a perfect Labubu sold for ¥108,000) and reselling plans led by Teca that change the product’s real value. They stress that young buyers, especially Generation Z, are easily influenced by short-lived online trends, putting emotional satisfaction ahead of logical thinking. They believe Labubu’s popularity points to a shallow consumer culture that cares more about newness than real value. However, a closer look shows that Labubu represents deep changes in Chinese spending habits. The tastes and habits of young buyers — especially those in smaller cities who add 60%of new spending — are influencing industries from travel to fashion and are reshaping the consumer landscape with their growing buying power and preferences. For example, Labubu’s “weird-cute” style connects with a generation seeking uniqueness, and its success as a Chinese brand reflects growing pride in local products. Then there’s the emotional and cultural side of consumption. Trendy toys like Labubu are just the tip of the iceberg. The stress-relief industry is booming, drawing the attention of the country’s youth. Additionally, the spending power by women (who control about ¥10 trillion each year) and people living alone (now over 14% of families) highlights a bigger move toward personalized consumption — ranging from smart devices to travel based on experiences. These trends are built to last, not just temporary. While doubt about too much commercial focus is fair, seeing Labubu as a bubble misses its deeper meaning. Companies that use these insights, like those making smart cars designed for young buyers’ social needs, will succeed. So, Labubu is a small example of a permanent change: China’s market future will be won by brands that understand the emotional connection behind youth spending, not just the items they buy. 13. What is the concern about Labubu? A. It represents a risky economic bubble. B. Its company intends to drive up prices. C. Its influence is limited to toy companies. D. It creates negative market and social effects. 14. Who is responsible for most new spending in China? A. Older generations. B. People living alone. C. Women in major cities. D. The young in smaller cities. 15. How does the author organize the text? A. By raising lots of questions to the reader. B. By telling a story from the beginning to the end. C. By presenting a common view and then challenging it. D. By comparing different people’s ideas on the same topic. 16. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Mirror of a Risky Social Bubble B. How Social Media Sells Toys to Gen Z C. Why Young People Like to Shop Online D. A Small Toy and a Big Change in Shopping 二、完形填空 Happiness means different things to different people — what makes 1 person happy might make another feel 2 , and vice versa. However, science has shown that there are some basic things we can all do to 3 we start living our happiest lives. The decisions we make, our behaviour and 4 , our mindset all 5 this end goal. Gaining a greater understanding of ourselves will help us to make the right choices so we can avoid 6 , be more authentic and start living more 7 and happier lives. Why do we feel certain emotions in specific situations? Why do we behave in particular ways? And what can we do to 8 the things that hold us back? Learn all this and more by 9 the world of psychology to build a better relationship with your mind. Packed full of 10 guidance from psychologists and other professionals, in the pages that follow, we 11 how to build better relationships, the 12 of having fun, and why being simple can be great for our 13 . The mind is a (n) 14 tool, so we should learn to use it today for a happier 15 . 1. A. some B. one C. each D. other 2. A. annoyed B. anxious C. unhappy D. confused 3. A. enable B. encourage C. empower D. ensure 4. A. even worse B. even better C. most surprisingly D. most importantly 5. A. prefer to B. contribute to C. refer to D. devote to 6. A. disadvantages B. adventures C. annoyances D. responsibilities 7. A. fluent B. addictive C. satisfying D. formal 8. A. overlook B. overcome C. overtake D. overload 9. A. expanding B. discovering C. improving D. exploring 10. A. expert B. personal C. formal D. suitable 11. A. look at B. look forward to C. look out for D. look after 12. A. confidence B. goal C. benefit D. effect 13. A. behavior B. health C. relationship D. situation 14. A. impressive B. advanced C. suitable D. powerful 15. A. day B. tomorrow C. life D. future 三、语法填空 In recent years, various countries have explored approaches to developing clean energy in Antarctica, 1 solar and wind energy being the primary focus. 2 , the extreme conditions and shortage of technologies make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation. Recently, a clean energy system 3 (tailor) for polar conditions has been put into operation in China’s Qinling station in Antarctica. This is a big achievement because it 4 (great) lowers the station’ s need for fossil fuels and its possible harm to the environment. The breakthrough means China has become the first country 5 (achieve) the large-scale operation of a clean energy system under extreme Antarctic conditions. According to the lead scientist, Sun Hongbin, 56, this project marks a major advance in China’s efforts to explore green energy solutions in polar regions. Since the launch of the system on March 1, it 6 (replace) traditional diesel(柴油) power sources, 7 (provide) uninterrupted zero-carbon power for the research equipment and essential living facilities at Qinling station, which was established in February last year as China’s 8 (five) Antarctic research station. Solar and wind power now provide about 60 percent of the total energy that the system can produce. In situations 9 there isn’t enough wind or sun, hydrogen that has been stored can be used to provide extra power. Sun stressed the primary challenges in ensuring the 10 (stable) and safety of the equipment. Still, he hopes to establish a 20,000-square-meter Antarctic extreme environment simulation laboratory in Shanxi to enhance future research. 四、应用文写作 假定你是育才中学高中学生李华。你的美国网友Tom在你分享的视频上看到你做中餐的情况，他很感兴趣并表示也想学做中国美食，因此他发来邮件询问。请你给他回复，内容包括： 1.中国传统美食的特点； 2介绍西红柿鸡蛋面制作食材和特点； 3.建议通过你的视频学习做该美食； 4.参考词汇：食材ingredient。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题14 完形填空(二)(体裁突破) ( 目 录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一 记叙文 记叙文是完形填空常考的体裁，可分为叙事和记人两种形式，主要包括幽默故事，名人传记，事件叙述等。文章的选材大都是学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后能带来心灵的启迪。文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，体现《普通高中英语课程标准》所强调的对学生英语学科核心素养的培养要求。记叙文完形以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨；关注末段，注意感想 重视首句，了解短文话题，明确叙述角度。叙述角度多为第一人称或第三人称。第一人称从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间可读出作者对人物、事物或景色的情感态度。第三人称从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。记叙文的最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪。因此要认真体会作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主旨。 2. 跳空速读全文，理清写作顺序，明确写作要素 跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和写作要素。作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。基本的写作要素包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 做题时可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，走进作者思维，深入理解文章的含义，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，同时要结合文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点包括语意是否前后一致；上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构以及文化背景知识和生活常识是否合理。 考点二 夹叙夹议文 夹叙夹议文类的完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起作者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。这类文章的组织方式一般有以下三种结构：事例一观点；观点一事例；观点一事例一观点。 1. 关注首尾，把握主旨大意 这里的“首尾”包括(语篇的)首段尾段、(段落的)首句尾句。通过首句/首段可明确文章话题，了解篇章结构，窥一斑而知全豹(把握主旨大意，即“文意”)。尾句往往是作者的点睛之笔，通过尾段/尾句一般可以更加真实、确切地体会到作者的写作意图、对待事件的真实态度等核心内容。 2. 抓住主线，理清情节发展 抓住故事的主线(篇章的“文脉”和段落的“文脉”)，顺着这些主线，理清短文各段情节发展的脉络。考生要关注写人叙事的方法(对比、强调、举例、解释、递进等等)，结合文章的结构特点，依据衔接词来正确理解故事情节的发展。 3. 注重语境，理解行文逻辑 夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，大部分篇幅在描述人物、事件，作者的观点及态度有时就隐含在其中；少部分篇幅发表议论，议论部分与叙述部分衔接紧密、逻辑严谨(通过“文法”来体现)。这就要求考生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。 考点三 说明文 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为：1.作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提；2.一般按一定的顺序展开，理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义；3.往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂；4.一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律；5.讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。 1. 快速掌握文章大意 对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。 2. 理清说明顺序 把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。 3. 把握文章的组织结构和事实细节 说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。 4. 注重上下文语境 对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定势”，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。 考点四 议论文 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章，主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理、辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。议论文都是由论点、论据和论证这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题—分析问题—解决问题的过程。 它的语言自然、客观、抽象、概括。 1. 把握首段和首句完整的信息，把握全文的主旨大意 2. 把握作者的观点和态度 议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。 3. 结合论点、论据，找出正确选项 一般说来，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证，而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，因而整个文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相反，最后的结论与论点相矛盾，那么我们就要重新回过头来理顺文章的各个部分，直到清楚为止，这样才能选出正确答案。 4. 通篇阅读，围绕主题(论点)推敲有疑问的题目，并最终确定答案。 逐题按照文章的内容及语境选择完毕后，一篇完整的文章便呈现出来，此时，要注意一定要通读全文，以验证个别题目的答案是否与主题偏离，以求更高的准确度。 考点一：记叙文 (2025年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题)My husband hasn’t stopped laughing about the thing that happened to me. It’s 1 now but it wasn’t at that time. Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in town, I wanted a rest before catching the train, so I bought a 2 and some chocolate and went to the station coffee shop — that was a cheap, self-service place with long 3 to sit at. I put my heavy bag down on the floor, put the newspaper and chocolate on the table to 4 a place, and went to get a cup of coffee. When I came back with the coffee, there was someone in the next seat. It was one of those 5 young men, with dark glasses and torn clothes, and hair colored bright 6 at the front. Not so unusual these days. What did 7 me was that he started to eat my chocolate! Naturally, I was annoyed. However, to avoid trouble — then really I was rather uneasy about him — I just looked down at the front page of the newspaper, tasted my coffee, and took a bit of chocolate. The boy looked at me 8 . Then he took another piece of my chocolate. I could hardly 9 it. Still I didn’t want to start an argument. When he took a 10 piece, I felt more 11 than annoyed. I thought, “Well, I shall have the last piece.” And I got it. The boy gave a strange look, and then stood up. As he left, he shouted out, “This womans mad!” Everyone 12 at me. That really made me feel silly, but it was 13 when I finished my coffee and got ready to leave. My face went red as red as his hair when I 14 I’d made a mistake. It wasn’t my chocolate. There was mine, 15 just under my newspaper. 1. A. serious B. wonderful C. funny D. exciting 2. A. cake B. newspaper C. magazine D. bag 3. A. chairs B. tables C. benches D. windows 4. A. order B. find C. keep D. take 5. A. wild-looked B. wild-looking C. good-looked D. good-looking 6. A. red B. black C. brown D. white 7. A. interest B. surprise C. frighten D. hurt 8. A. eagerly B. really C. closely D. shyly 9. A. believe B. bear C. notice D. stop 10. A. last B. big C. single D. third 11. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. pleased 12. A. agreed B. promised C. stared D. followed 13. A. better B. worse C. later D. easier 14. A. wondered B. realized C. decided D. recognized 15. A. tasted B. split C. tied D. unopened 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在咖啡店里误以为陌生男孩偷吃自己巧克力，最后发现是误会的尴尬经历。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在这件事很有趣，但当时并不是这样。A. serious严肃的；B. wonderful极好的；C. funny有趣的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“My husband hasn’t stopped laughing about the thing that happened to me.”可知，丈夫对发生在我身上的事情一直在笑，由此可知，这件事现在看起来很有趣。故选C项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周五在城里采购完家庭用品后，赶火车前我想休息片刻，便买了份报纸和些许巧克力，走进车站咖啡馆——那是家价格亲民的自助式咖啡馆，店内摆放着供客人就座的长桌。A. cake蛋糕；B. newspaper报纸；C. magazine杂志；D. bag包。根据后文“put the newspaper and chocolate on the table”可知，作者买了一份报纸。故选B项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周五在城里采购完家庭用品后，赶火车前我想休息片刻，便买了份报纸和些许巧克力，走进车站咖啡馆——那是家价格亲民的自助式咖啡馆，店内摆放着供客人就座的长桌。A. chairs椅子；B. tables桌子；C. benches长凳；D. windows窗户。根据后文“I put my heavy bag down on the floor, put the newspaper and chocolate on the table”可知，咖啡店里有长长的桌子，可以坐在旁边。故选B项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把沉重的包放在地板上，把报纸和巧克力放在桌子上保留位置，然后去拿一杯咖啡。A. order命令；B. find发现；C. keep保有，留下；D. take携带，拿走。根据上文“I put my heavy bag down on the floor, put the newspaper and chocolate on the table”和后文“and went to get a cup of coffee”可知，作者要离开位置去拿咖啡，所以把包、报纸和巧克力放在桌子上是为了保留位置。故选C项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在旁边座位上的是那些看起来放荡不羁的年轻人中的一个，戴着墨镜，穿着破烂的衣服，前面的头发染成了鲜红色。A. wild-looked(错误表达)；B. wild-looking看起来狂野的，放荡不羁的；C. good-looked(错误表达)；D. good-looking好看的。根据后文“with dark glasses and torn clothes, and hair colored bright 6 .”和“Not so unusual these days.”可知，这个年轻人的衣着打扮看起来放荡不羁。故选B项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在旁边座位上的是那些看起来放荡不羁的年轻人中的一个，戴着墨镜，穿着破烂的衣服，前面的头发染成了鲜红色。A. red红色的；B. black黑色的；C. brown棕色的；D. white白色的。根据后文“My face went red as red as his hair”可知，年轻人的头发是红色的。故选A项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，他开始吃我的巧克力！A. interest使……感兴趣；B. surprise使……吃惊；C. frighten使……害怕；D. hurt使……受伤。根据后文“that he started to eat my chocolate”可知，年轻人开始吃作者的巧克力，作者感到吃惊。故选B项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：男孩紧紧地盯着我。A. eagerly渴望地；B. really真正地；C. closely密切地，紧紧地；D. shyly害羞地。根据前文“However, to avoid trouble — then really I was rather uneasy about him — I just looked down at the front page of the newspaper, tasted my coffee, and took a bit of chocolate.”和后文“I’d made a mistake. It wasn’t my chocolate.”可知，作者以为年轻人在吃自己的巧克力，其实是自己吃了年轻人的巧克力。所以年轻人也对作者的行为感到不理解，会紧紧地盯着作者。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几乎无法相信这件事。A. believe相信；B. bear忍受；C. notice注意到；D. stop停止。根据前文“Then he took another piece of my chocolate.”可知，年轻人居然又拿了一块，所以作者不敢相信这是真的。故选A项。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他拿了第三块时，我感到非常生气而不是烦恼。A. last最后的；B. big大的；C. single单个的；D. third第三的。根据前文“Then he took another piece of my chocolate”可知，年轻人已经拿了两块，所以这是第三块巧克力。故选D项。 11. 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：当他拿了第三块时，我感到非常生气而不是恼怒。A. angry生气的；B. angrily生气地；C. happy高兴的；D. pleased高兴的。根据前文“Naturally, I was annoyed.”和“When he took a 10 piece”可知，作者之前已经感到恼怒，所以年轻人拿第三块巧克力时，作者变得非常生气。故选A项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都盯着我。A. agreed同意；B. promised承诺；C. stared盯着；D. followed跟随。根据前文“This woman’s mad!”和后文“That really made me feel silly”可知，年轻人大喊作者疯了，所以每个人都盯着作者看。故选C项。 13. 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：这真的让我觉得自己很傻，但是当我喝完咖啡准备离开时，情况更糟了。A. better更好的；B. worse更糟的；C. later更晚的；D. easier更容易的。根据后文“My face went red as red as his hair when I 14 I’d made a mistake. It wasn’t my chocolate.”可知，作者最后发现自己误吃了年轻人的巧克力，感到很尴尬，情况变得更糟了。故选B项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我犯了一个错误时，我的脸变得和他的头发一样红。A. wondered想知道；B. realized意识到；C. decided决定；D. recognized认出。根据后文“I’d made a mistake”可知，作者意识到自己犯了一个错误。故选B项。 15. 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我的巧克力没有打开，就在我的报纸下面。A. tasted尝起来；B. split分裂；C. tied系；D. unopened未打开的。根据上文“It wasn’t my chocolate”和后文“just under my newspaper”可知，作者的巧克力没有打开，就在报纸下面。故选D项。 (2026届广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷(一))It was a summer. After a 33-kilometre cycling, my cousin Gabriel and I were 1 . We planned to get lunch and then 2 back to Valence, where I was spending my holiday with Gabriel’s family. We bought a baguette. As we ate, I noticed a girl in a queue smiling at us. I met her again when she sat on a bench, enjoying her bread in front of a riverboat named Voyageur. Soon she boarded the boat. Then I noticed a colourful handbag on the 3 . The girl had left it! She was on the upper deck(甲板)! I held up the bag and 4 it to get her attention. When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth 5 . But her face fell — the boat started to pull away from the dock(码头). “We can 6 it! The boat’s next stop is Valence!” Gabriel came up. “Great! But do you think we can 7 ?” I asked. Gabriel laughed. “We’re going to find out!” We set off. It was a race now: 8 against the boat. If the boat beat us to Valence, we might 9 have the chance to give back the bag. Pedaling hard, we quickly caught up to the Voyageur. When the boat disappeared 10 us, we felt confident enough to relax our pace. Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire(轮胎漏气)! My heart sank. We had to stop and took out the tools when the Voyageur was coming near. I saw the girl again. She noticed our 11 and shook her head sadly. After a quick 12 , we were back on our way. The boat pulled ahead. We watched 13 as the boat disappeared around a bend. Finally we arrived, 14 the Voyageur had docked. We failed! Gabriel suddenly shouted, “I see her!” The girl was strolling towards us! “You followed my boat!” she smiled. “No, your boat followed us,” I 15 . “Until I got a flat tire, that is.” I handed her the bag. 1. A. hungry B. lazy C. relaxed D. bored 2. A. walk B. drive C. ride D. fly 3. A. bench B. boat C. bike D. bread 4. A. threw B. opened C. dropped D. waved 5. A. in fear B. in surprise C. in silence D. in sadness 6. A. return B. borrow C. sell D. use 7. A. break down B. catch up C. go out D. get away 8. A. her B. it C. them D. us 9. A. usually B. sometimes C. never D. always 10. A. behind B. before C. beside D. opposite 11. A. effort B. trouble C. risk D. success 12. A. sleeping B. riding C. fixing D. swimming 13. A. happily B. angrily C. helplessly D. excitedly 14. A. and B. so C. or D. but 15. A. refused B. joked C. complained D. nodded 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和表弟追船归还手提包的经历。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在骑了33公里的自行车后，我和我的表弟Gabriel都很饿。A. hungry饥饿的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. relaxed放松的；D. bored无聊的。根据下文“We planned to get lunch”可知，二人打算去吃午饭，说明他们饿了。故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们计划去吃午饭，然后骑车回Valence，我在那里和Gabriel的家人一起度假。A. walk步行；B. drive驾驶；C. ride骑车；D. fly飞行。根据上文“After a 33-kilometre cycling”可知，他们是骑自行车来的，所以这里也是指骑车回去。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到长椅上有一个彩色的手提包。A. bench长凳；B. boat船；C. bike自行车；D. bread面包。根据上文“I met her again when she sat on a bench, enjoying her bread in front of a riverboat named Voyageur. Soon she boarded the boat.”可知，当女孩坐在一条长椅上享用面包时，作者见到了她。不久，她登上了船。女孩离开后，手提包应遗落在“长椅”上。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我举起包，挥手引起她的注意。A. threw扔；B. opened打开；C. dropped掉落；D. waved挥手。根据下文“to get her attention”可知，作者挥手是为了引起她的注意，“挥动”包是合理的吸引注意力的动作。故选D。 5. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她注意到包时，她惊讶地张开了嘴。A. in fear害怕地；B. in surprise惊讶地；C. in silence沉默地；D. in sadness悲伤地。根据上文“When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth”可知，女孩发现自己遗落的包被他人捡到，第一反应应是“惊讶”，“张大嘴巴”也符合惊讶的表情。故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们能把它还回去！A. return归还；B. borrow借；C. sell卖；D. use使用。根据上文“back to Valence”、“I held up the bag and 　4　 it to get her attention.”、“The boat’s next stop is Valence!”可知，女孩遗落手提包，两人计划去Valence，和船的下一站地点一致，二人可以“归还”包。故选 A。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但你觉得我们能追上吗？A. break down出故障；B. catch up追上；C. go out出去；D. get away离开。根据上文“We can 6 it! The boat’s next stop is Valence!”和下文“Pedaling hard, we quickly caught up to the Voyageur.”可知，两人要骑车到下一站还包，需“赶上”船到达的时间，因此担心能否“赶上”。故选B。 8. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：现在是一场比赛：我们对抗船。A. her她；B. it它；C. them他们；D. us我们。根据上文“It was a race now”和下文“against the boat”和“If the boat beat us to Valence”可知，这是一场二人和船之间的比赛。故选D。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果船先我们到Valence，我们可能永远没有机会归还包了。A. usually通常；B. sometimes有时；C. never从不；D. always总是。根据上文“If the boat beat us to Valence”和下文“have the chance to give back the bag”可知，若船先到，女孩可能离开，两人就“再也没有”还包的机会。故选C。 10. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：当船消失在我们身后时，我们感到足够自信可以放慢速度了。A. behind在……后面；B. before在……前面；C. beside在……旁边；D. opposite在……对面。根据上文“we quickly caught up to the Voyageur. When the boat disappeared”和下文“we felt confident enough to relax our pace”可知，二人很快追上了船，之后船落在后面，消失在“二人后面”。故选A。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她注意到我们的麻烦，伤心地摇了摇头。A. effort努力；B. trouble麻烦；C. risk风险；D. success成功。根据上文“Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire!”可知，自行车轮胎漏气了，这是二人遇到的麻烦。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：快速修理后，我们又上路了。A. sleeping睡觉；B. riding骑车；C. fixing修理；D. swimming游泳。根据上文“Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire!”、“We had to stop and took out the tools”可知，二人停下来拿出工具修理自行车。故选C。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们无助地看着船在一个弯道处消失了。A. happily高兴地；B. angrily生气地；C. helplessly无助地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据上文“The boat pulled ahead.”和下文“as the boat disappeared around a bend”可知，船超过了二人，二人只能无助地看着它消失。故选C。 14. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：最后我们到了，但是Voyageur已经停靠了。A. and和；B. so所以；C. or或者；D. but但是。根据上文“Finally we arrived”和下文“the Voyageur had docked. We failed!”可知，“二人到达”与“船已靠岸”之间是转折关系，需用but连接。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不，是你的船跟着我们，”我开玩笑说，“直到我轮胎漏气为止。”A. refused拒绝；B. joked开玩笑；C. complained抱怨；D. nodded点头。根据上文““You followed my boat!” she smiled.”、““No, your boat followed us,””和下文“Until I got a flat tire, that is.”可知，女孩说二人跟着船，作者反过来调侃“船跟着我们”，是“开玩笑”的语气。故选B。 考点二：夹叙夹议文 When Sarah first arrived in the Caribbean for an infrastructure project, she was met with local skepticism. “People saw us as outsiders with no real care for their lives,” she recalled. The sense of 1 grew in her, and her team faced frequent rejections of their plans; community meetings would burst into arguments. One afternoon, Sarah visited a bookstore run by Mrs. Alvarez. They chatted, and the elderly woman mentioned how the old harbor had been the community’s heart — until a storm 2 it years ago. “No one’s dared to 3 it since,” she said, her voice filled with regret. Sarah saw a chance for the 4 of the growing distrust. She asked Mrs. Alvarez to gather a few residents for a casual chat about the harbor’s past. To her 5 , over fifty people came, 6 sharing old photos and memories. That day, Sarah’s team 7 their blueprints and just listened. As stories emerged, the community’s 8 attitude softened. Residents offered suggestions, and teens helped compile historical records. The final construction plan 9 a memorial wall with quotes from those stories — an idea born from listening. Last month, the new harbor opened. Mrs. Alvarez placed a book of collected stories at the entrance. “Infrastructure is steel and concrete,” she told Sarah, “but trust is 10 through stories. You built a bond.” Sarah now 11 her time between regions, teaching others to use storytelling. “It’s about letting locals see their 12 in the plans.” she says. She’s even 13 a handbook for the removal of cultural barriers. This experience taught Sarah that genuine connection demands courage to 14 and patience to nurture. “Every story is a brick,” she tells students. “Lay enough, and you’ll build an unbreakable 15 .” Today, walking along the harbor, she sees proof that understanding can bridge the deepest divides. 1. A. welcome B. confidence C. isolation D. relief 2. A. protected B. enlarged C. surrounded D. ruined 3. A. rebuild B. visit C. mention D. paint 4. A. fade B. pause C. gain D. end 5. A. disappointment B. relief C. surprise D. regret 6. A. eagerly B. hesitantly C. formally D. secretly 7. A. took over B. handed out C. referred to D. set aside 8. A. friendly B. defensive C. indifferent D. conservative 9. A. included B. described C. rejected D. replaced 10. A. broken B. woven C. forgotten D. questioned 11. A. splits B. values C. wastes D. counts 12. A. rights B. needs C. dreams D. voices 13. A. reviewed B. authored C. revised D. sponsored 14. A. listen B. speak C. insist D. leave 15. A. wall B. harbor C. bridge D. ship 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Sarah在加勒比地区进行基础设施建设项目时，起初遭遇当地人的怀疑和抵制，后来她通过倾听当地人的故事，逐渐建立起信任，并最终成功完成项目的故事。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她心中越来越感到孤立，她的团队经常遭到计划的拒绝；社区会议会引发争论。A. welcome欢迎；B. confidence自信；C. isolation孤立；D. relief减轻。根据前文“she was met with local skepticism”和“People saw us as outsiders with no real care for their lives”可知，当地人不相信Sarah和她的团队，认为他们是外人，因此Sarah会感到被孤立。故选C项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们聊了起来，这位老妇人提到，旧港口曾经是社区的中心——直到多年前的一场暴风雨摧毁了它。A. protected保护；B. enlarged扩大；C. surrounded包围；D. ruined摧毁。根据前文“the old harbor had been the community’s heart”和“a storm”可推知，旧港口曾经是社区的中心，但被暴风雨摧毁了。故选D项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“从那以后，没有人敢重建它，”她补充说，声音里充满了遗憾。A. rebuild重建；B. visit参观；C. mention提及；D. paint粉刷。根据后文“her voice filled with regret”可推知，一直没有人敢去重建被暴风雨摧毁的港口，所以老人感到遗憾。故选A项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah看到了结束日益增长的不信任的机会。A. fade褪色；B. pause暂停；C. gain增加；D. end结束。根据后文“She asked Mrs. Alvarez to gather a few residents for a casual chat about the harbor’s past.”可知，Sarah让Alvarez夫人帮忙召集居民，准备就港口的过去进行一次随意的交谈，因为她看到了通过倾听当地人的故事，结束之前的不信任的机会。故选D项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，五十多人来了，急切地分享着老照片和回忆。A. disappointment失望；B. relief宽慰；C. surprise惊讶；D. regret遗憾。根据前文可知当地人不相信Sarah和她的团队，再结合后文“over fifty people came”可知，Sarah原本可能并没有期待会有这么多人来参加这次随意的交谈，因此她感到惊讶。故选C项。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，五十多人来了，急切地分享着老照片和回忆。A. eagerly急切地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. formally正式地；D. secretly秘密地。根据后文“sharing old photos and memories”可知，人们有备而来，所以是急切地分享带来的老照片和回忆。故选A项。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天，Sarah的团队把他们的设计图放在一边，只是倾听。A. took over接管；B. handed out分发；C. referred to提到；D. set aside把……放在一边。根据第一段中“her team faced frequent rejections of their plans; community meetings would burst into arguments.”可知，Sarah和她团队本来有自己的重建计划，但遭到当地人的反对。结合后文“and just listened”可知，这次Sarah的团队只是倾听，所以把自己原来的计划和设计图放在了一边。故选D项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着故事的展开，社区的防御态度软化了。A. friendly友好的；B. defensive防御的；C. indifferent冷漠的；D. conservative保守的。根据第一段中“When Sarah first arrived in the Caribbean for an infrastructure project, she was met with local skepticism.”和“community meetings would burst into arguments”可知，之前当地人不相信Sarah和她的团队，社区会议经常引发争论，说明社区的态度是防御的，不信任的，现在这种防御态度软化了。故选B项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终的建设方案包括了一面刻有这些故事引言的纪念墙——这个想法源于倾听。A. included包括；B. described描述；C. rejected拒绝；D. replaced代替。根据后文“a memorial wall with quotes from those stories”可知，最终的建设方案包括了一面纪念墙。故选A项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“基础设施是钢铁和混凝土，”她告诉Sarah，“但信任是通过故事编织起来的。你建立了一种联系。”A. broken打破；B. woven编织；C. forgotten忘记；D. questioned质疑。根据前文可知，Sarah召集居民，就港口的过去进行一次随意的交谈，通过听取他们的回忆获得了信任。结合后文“through stories”和“You built a bond.”可知，他们之间的信任是通过故事编织起来的。故选B项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sarah现在将时间分配在不同区域之间，向他人传授讲故事的技巧。A. splits分摊，分配；B. values重视；C. wastes浪费；D. counts数数。根据后文“between regions, teaching others to use storytelling”可知，Sarah奔走于各个地区，把自己的时间分配到不同地方，去教别人如何使用讲故事的方法。故选A项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是为了让当地人看到他们的意见在计划中得到了体现。”她说。A. rights权利；B. needs需要；C. dreams梦想；D. voices声音，意见。根据前文可知，Sarah召集居民进行一次随意的交谈，听取他们的回忆和意见，在建设方案加入了一面纪念墙，解决了问题。再结合上文“teaching others to use storytelling”可推知，Sarah教更多的人使用讲故事的方法，是为了让当地人表达自己的意见，让他们看到自己的意见在计划中得到了体现。故选D项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至撰写了一本消除文化障碍的手册。A. reviewed复习；B. authored撰写；C. revised修改；D. sponsored赞助。根据后文“a handbook for the removal of cultural barriers”可知，她撰写了一本消除文化障碍的手册。故选B项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历告诉Sarah，真正的联系需要勇气去倾听，需要耐心去培养。A. listen听；B. speak说；C. insist坚持；D. leave离开。根据前文“That day, Sarah’s team 7 their blueprints and just listened”和后文“patience to nurture”可知，Sarah的团队把蓝图放在一边，只是倾听，这段经历告诉Sarah，真正的联系需要勇气去倾听，需要耐心去培养。故选A项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“每一个故事都是一块砖，”她告诉学生，“铺上足够的砖，你就能建立起一个坚不可摧的桥梁。”A. wall墙；B. harbor港口；C. bridge桥；D. ship船。通读全文，结合语境，再根据前文“It’s about letting locals see their 12 in the plans.”和后文“Today, walking along the harbor, she sees proof that understanding can bridge the deepest divides.”可推知，此处指Sarah和她的团队通过倾听与沟通建立起了人与人连接的桥梁。故选C项。 We all have been in different situations. Now 1 back to two situations from your past, one pleasant and the other unpleasant. 2 carefully whether you relive(再体验) them or just recall them. If you relive them, 3 the same emotions as if you are undergoing the same situations again, you are 4 associated with the incidents. If you can objectively recall the incidents in the past, it’s 5 that you are dissociated (使分离) from the incidents. Now how do association and dissociation 6 us in our life? The simple 7 I prefer to follow is to associate with positive things in life and dissociate from the negative ones. Several months ago, my friends and I went to Ooty Hill Station. One friend, Amy, had been there before — she’d had a wonderful time and 8 the beauty of nature. The only unpleasant thing was that her ring fell into the 9 . When we decided to take a boat ride, Amy was not willing to 10 us, as she had associated the 11 with that unpleasant memory before closely. 12 she had many other pleasant memories of her previous visit, she had closely 13 that unpleasant incident to heart and relived the same old incident. Had she dissociated herself from that unpleasant incident, she could have figured out a way to keep the 14 safe during such a boat ride. So, learning to make a good 15 of which to associate and which to dissociate will make our life better. 1. A. date B. go C. turn D. think 2. A. Achieve B. Perform C. Observe D. Explain 3. A. experiencing B. understanding C. describing D. watching 4. A. quickly B. actively C. gradually D. certainly 5. A. possible B. clear C. fair D. lucky 6. A. support B. attract C. protect D. help 7. A. order B. result C. rule D. policy 8. A. remembered B. missed C. enjoyed D. watched 9. A. lake B. field C. forest D. castle 10. A. aid B. join C. accept D. ask 11. A. trip B. stage C. task D. trick 12. A. But B. While C. Unless D. Or 13. A. brought B. put C. given D. taken 14. A. goods B. valuables C. materials D. resources 15. A. offer B. wish C. choice D. start 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过一个朋友因先前一次不愉快的经历而拒绝和作者他们一起乘船旅行而错过了一次玩得开心的机会告诉我们：在生活中应该与积极的事情相关联而与消极的事情分离，这样我们的生活才会变得更好。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在回想一下过去的两种情况，一种是愉快的，一种是不愉快的。A. date约会；B. go去；C. turn转向；D. think想、思考。根据下文“two situations from your past, one pleasant and the other unpleasant.”可知，此处是回想过去的情况，故选D项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细注意一下你是在重温还是只是在回忆。A. Achieve完成；B. Perform表演；C. Observe注意到；D. Explain解释。根据“whether you relive (再体验) them or just recall them”可知，此处提醒读者仔细注意一下，对过去是重温还是只是在回忆，故选C项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是在重温，体验同样的情绪，就像你再次经历同样的情况，你肯定与这些事件有关。A. experiencing体验；B. understanding理解；C. describing描述；D. watching观看。根据前文“If you relive them”和“as if you are undergoing the same situations again”可知，体验同样的情绪是在重温过去，故选A项。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quickly快速地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. certainly无疑，肯定地。根据前文“as if you are undergoing the same situations again”可知，你似乎再次经历同样的情况，因此推断你肯定与这些事件有关，故选D项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能客观地再现过去发生的事件，那就清楚地表明你与这些事件是分离的。A. possible可能的；B. clear清楚的；C. fair公平的；D. lucky幸运的。根据前文“If you can objectively recall the incidents in the past”可知，如果能做到客观地再现过去的事情，很明显表明你已与它们分离开来。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，关联与分离如何在生活中帮助我们？A. support支持；B. attract吸引；C. protect保护；D. help帮助。根据最后一句“So, learning to make a good 　15　 of which to associate and which to dissociate will make our life better.”可知，该与哪些事物关联和分离，会让我们的生活变得更好，对我们是有帮助的。故选D项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更倾向于遵循一个简单的原则：与生活中的积极事物保持关联，与消极事物保持分离。A. order命令；B. result结果；C. rule规则、准则；D. policy政策。下文“I prefer to follow is to associate with positive things in life and dissociate from the negative ones.”是作者喜欢遵循的准则，与积极的事情相关联而与消极的事情分离，故选C项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友埃米以前去过那里 —— 她那次玩得很开心，也深深享受了大自然的美景。A. remembered记住；B. missed想念；C. enjoyed享受；D. watched观看。根据前文“she’d had a wonderful time”可知，Amy玩得很开心，享受着自然的美丽。故选C项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一不愉快的事，是她的戒指掉进了湖里。因此，学会合理选择该与哪些事物关联、该与哪些事物分离，会让我们的生活变得更好。A. lake湖；B. field田地；C. forest森林；D. castle城堡。根据下文“When we decided to take a boat ride”可知，作者一行去湖边游玩，Amy的戒指掉进了湖里，故选A项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们决定乘船游览时，埃米不愿加入我们，因为她此前一直将“乘船”这件事与那段不愉快的回忆紧密关联。A. aid援助；B. join加入；C. accept接受；D. ask问。根据下文“as she had associated the 　11　 with that unpleasant memory before closely.”可知，Amy想起了以前的不愉快经历，因此不愿意加入我们一起划船。故选B项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们决定乘船游览时，埃米不愿加入我们，因为她此前一直将 “乘船” 旅游与那段不愉快的回忆紧密关联。A. trip旅行；B. stage舞台；C. task任务；D. trick诡计。根据前文“When we decided to take a boat ride, Amy was not willing to 　10　 us”可知，Amy不愿意加入我们是因为她把这次旅行和以前那次不愉快的经历紧密联系在一起，故选A项。 12. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管她上一次旅行中还有许多愉快的记忆，但她仍将那件不愉快的事深深记在心里，不断重温那段过往。A. But但是；B. While尽管；C. Unless除非；D. Or否则。根据下文“she had closely 　　13　　 that unpleasant incident to heart and relived the same old incident.”可知，前后文是转折关系，空处引导让步状语从句，尽管她对上次的参观有愉快的回忆，但是她对不愉快的经历耿耿于怀，不断重温，故选B项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她上一次旅行中还有许多愉快的记忆，但她仍将那件不愉快的事深深记在心里，不断重温那段过往。A. brought带来；B. put放置；C. given给；D. taken拿，取。根据下文“relived the same old incident”可知，她还是对那次不愉快的经历耿耿于怀，不断重温。take sth to heart表示“对……耿耿于怀”，故选D项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果当初她能与那段不愉快的经历保持分离，或许就能想到办法，在乘船时保护好自己的贵重物品。A. goods商品；B. valuables贵重物品；C. materials材料；D. resources资源。根据前文“her ring fell into the 　　9　　.”和“Had she dissociated herself from that unpleasant incident”可知，如果她能把自己从那次不愉快的经历中解脱出来，她就能想出一个办法保护好贵重物品的安全，玩得开心，戒指是贵重物品。故选B项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，学会合理选择该与哪些事物关联、该与哪些事物分离，会让我们的生活变得更好。A. offer提议；B. wish愿望；C. choice选择；D. start开始。根据下文“which to associate and which to dissociate”可知，此处建议学会在哪些该关联和哪些该分离中做出正确的选择，故选C项。 考点三：说明文 (2024届广东省四会市华侨中学高三英语学业水平考试模拟卷6)The world has many beautiful 1 . We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it is all because of our ears! They 2 us a world of sounds. But some people can’t hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. 3 can hear well in their childhood, but too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on. Many people in China can’t hear 4 sounds clearly. A large number of them are children. Most of them are born 5 good hearing. But six children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And 6 a child has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have learning problems at school. A lot of things can 7 hearing problems. For example, too 8 earwax (耳垢) is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels(分贝) can hurt our ears and make us 9 our hearing for a short time or even forever. Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Don’t forget to do the following: Try to 10 places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. A pair of good earplugs can cut the noise 11 30 decibels. When 12 , remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in. Never put 13 sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out. Keep these things in 14 ! Then you won’t be 15 “What What” when you are older. 1. A. songs B. sounds C. noises D. voices 2. A. take B. fetch C. bring D. make 3. A. others B. the others C. other D. another 4. A. exciting B. common C. special D. surprising 5. A. with B. in C. have D. without 6. A. when B. if C. unless D. because 7. A. lead B. influence C. cause D. make 8. A. much B. many C. little D. few 9. A. miss B. stop C. drop D. lose 10. A. live in B. stay away from C. keep away D. leave for 11. A. of B. into C. by D. to 12. A. swimming B. running C. surfing D. boating 13. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 14. A. mind B. heart C. brain D. head 15. A. telling B. speaking C. complaining D. saying 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍耳朵的重要性、听力问题的成因及保护耳朵的方法。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上有许多美妙的声音。A. songs歌曲；B. sounds声音(泛指各种声音)；C. noises噪音；D. voices嗓音(指人或动物的声音)。根据下文“We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports”可知，这些都是不同类型的声音，“sounds”泛指各种声音，符合语境。故选B项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们给我们带来了一个充满声音的世界。A. take带走；B. fetch取来；C. bring带来；D. make制作。根据上文“it is all because of our ears”可知，耳朵能让我们感知声音，即“带来”声音的世界，“bring sb sth”意为“给某人带来某物”，符合语境。故选C项。 3. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：有些人在童年时听力很好，但后来太多分贝过高的声音伤害了他们的耳朵。A. others其他人/事物(泛指，相当于“other+复数名词”)；B. the others其余的(特指某一范围内的剩余部分)；C. other其他的(形容词，后接名词)；D. another另一个(后接单数名词)。根据上文“Some are born deaf”可知，此处指“另一些人”，为泛指，且空后无名词，用“others”。故选A项。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在中国，很多人不能清楚地听到普通的声音。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. common普通的；C. special特别的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据语境和下文的“But six children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And ___6___ a child has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have learning problems at school.”可知，听力有问题的人难以听清的是日常的、普通的声音。故选B项。 5. 考查介词/动词词义辨析。句意：他们中的大多数人出生时听力都很好。A. with带有，具有(介词)；B. in在……里；C. have有(动词)；D. without没有。根据下文“But six children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born”可知，此处与“有听力问题”形成对比，指“出生时具有良好听力”，“be born with”为固定搭配，意为“天生具有”。故选A项。 6. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果一个孩子有听力问题，他或她通常在学校也会有学习问题。A. when当……时；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据下文的“he or she usually will also have learning problems”可知，“有听力问题”是“有学习问题”的假设条件，用“if”引导条件状语从句。故选B项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多事情都可能导致听力问题。A. lead带领；B. influence影响；C. cause导致；D. make使。根据下文“too much earwax is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels can hurt our ears”可知，这些都是直接“导致”听力问题的原因，“cause”符合语境。故选C项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，过多的耳垢对我们的听力不好。A. much许多(修饰不可数名词)；B. many许多(修饰可数名词复数)；C. little很少(修饰不可数名词，表否定)；D. few很少(修饰可数名词复数，表否定)。根据常识和下文的“is not good for our hearing”可知，此处是“过多”耳垢有害，“earwax”为不可数名词，用“much”修饰。故选A项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过85分贝的噪音会伤害我们的耳朵，使我们暂时甚至永久失去听力。A. miss错过；B. stop停止；C. drop掉落；D. lose失去。根据上文的“hurt our ears”及下文的“even forever”可知，噪音会导致“失去”听力，“lose hearing”意为“失聪”，符合语境。故选D项。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽量远离噪音过多的地方。A. live in居住在；B. stay away from远离；C. keep away避开(后接宾语需加“from”)；D. leave for动身去。根据下文“If you have to go, wear earplugs”可知，此处建议“远离”噪音区，“stay away from”为完整短语，后可直接接宾语。故选B项。 11. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：一副好的耳塞可以将噪音降低30分贝。A. of……的；B. into进入；C. by(用于表示数量或程度的减少)相差；D. to到。根据上文的“cut the noise”可知，“by+数量”表示“减少的幅度”，是固定用法，此处指“降低30分贝”。故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：游泳时，记得把耳塞塞进耳朵里，防止水进入。A. swimming游泳；B. running跑步；C. surfing冲浪；D. boating划船。根据常识和下文的“stop water from getting in”可知，只有“游泳”时耳朵容易进水，符合语境。故选A项。 13. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：千万不要把任何尖锐的东西放进耳朵里。A. something某物(用于肯定句)；B. anything任何东西(用于否定句或疑问句)；C. nothing没有东西；D. everything一切。根据上文的“Never”可知，本句为否定句，用“anything”表示“任何尖锐的东西”，符合语法规则。故选B项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住这些事情！A. mind头脑；B. heart心脏；C. brain大脑；D. head头。根据下文的“Then you won’t be ___15___ “What What” when you are older.”可知，此处建议读者记住上文讲述的事情，这样可以保护自己的耳朵，“keep sth in mind”为固定搭配，意为“记住某事”，符合语境。故选A项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样你老了就不会一直说“什么什么”了。A. telling告诉；B. speaking说(后接语言或侧重动作)；C. complaining抱怨；D. saying说(后接说的内容)。根据“What What”可知，此处指“说的内容”，用“saying”。故选D项。 Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 1 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 . For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology 6 that idea. We brought young children aged 2 - 4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 7 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ears in a game of hide and seek. We then asked the child if she could 8 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 9 was repeated with different adults and different hiding actions, always with the same 10 . Next, we gave children the option of looking or not looking when an adult hid. Surprisingly again, most children 11 to look. Our research shows that children's “egocentrism” is 12 . They can take 13 into account and 14 what others can do. They simply 15 to use this information in their hiding games. 1. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing 2. A. bad B. good C. slow D. quick 3. A. hidden B. exposed C. examined D. noticed 4. A. described B. remembered C. received D. interpreted 5. A. previous B. recent C. later D. final 6. A. support B. praise C. challenge D. accept 7. A. adult B. researcher C. child D. parent 8. A. see B. find C. touch D. recognize 9. A. test B. game C. action D. experiment 10. A. answer B. child C. hiding D. result 11. A. refused B. decided C. preferred D. failed 12. A. natural B. strong C. temporary D. common 13. A. others’ perspectives B. their own needsC. different methods D. various options 14. A. report B. understand C. imagine D. predict 15. A. pretend B. learn C. manage D. fail 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学龄前儿童在玩捉迷藏的游戏时，通常表现出“顾头不顾尾”的滑稽样子。之前这种行为被解释为是“以自我为中心”的表现，但最新的实验结果表明，情况并非如此。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的视线，让自己不被人看见是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking带走；C. escaping逃走；D. directing导演。根据后文“someone else’s glance”以及常理可知，孩子们之所以喜欢玩捉迷藏的游戏，是因为当他们藏起来的时候，感觉自己能够躲避(escaping)寻找者的视线，所以非常紧张刺激。故选C。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不擅长隐藏。A. bad坏的、差的；B. good好的；C. slow缓慢的；D. quick快速的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___3___.”可知，下文提到“只用手遮住眼睛，而身体的其他部分则暴露在外”可知，学龄前儿童不善于(be bad at)隐藏。故选A。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，而身体的其他部分则暴露在外。A. hidden隐藏的；B. exposed暴露的；C. examined被检查的；D. noticed被注意到的。根据“cover only their eyes”和生活常识可知，学龄前儿童在躲藏时往往只捂住自己的眼睛，却把身体的其他部分暴露(exposed)出来。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. described描述；B. remembered记得；C. received收到；D. interpreted解释。根据后文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures”可知，长时间以来，儿童的这种无效躲藏的方式被解释(interpreted)为“儿童是自我中心型生物”的证据。故选D。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们近期在儿童发展心理学方面的研究成果却否定了这一观点。A. previous以前的；B. recent最近的；C. later以后的；D. final最后的。根据上文“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method”可知，上文提到的是以前的方法，后文是最近的研究发现。故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们近期在儿童发展心理学方面的研究成果却否定了这一观点。A. support支持；B. praise赞美；C. challenge质疑，挑战；D. accept接受。根据后文“Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t.”可知，最近的研究成果否定了上述观点，即提出质疑用动词challenge。故选C。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都和一位成年人坐在一起，成年人在“捉迷藏”的游戏中遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. adult成年人；B. researcher研究员；C. child孩子；D. parent父亲(或母亲)。根据后文“the adult”可知，是每个孩子都和一位成年人坐在一起，故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们问这个孩子，她是否能看到或者听到那位成年人。A. see看见；B. find找到；C. touch触碰；D. recognize认可。根据上文“who covered her own eyes or ears in a game of hide and seek”可知，遮住了眼睛或耳朵，所以是问是否能看到或者听到那位成年人。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样的实验又在不同的人群中进行了，且采用了不同的藏匿方式，但结果始终如一。A. test测试；B. game游戏；C. action行动；D. experiment实验。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2 — 4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，主要是在进行实验。故选D。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样的实验又在不同的人群中进行了，且采用了不同的藏匿方式，但结果始终如一。A. answer回答；B. child孩子；C. hiding隐藏；D. result结果。根据上文“was repeated with different adults and different hiding actions, always with the same”可知，同样的实验又在不同的人群中进行了，且采用了不同的藏匿方式，但结果始终如一。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：再次令人惊讶的是，大多数孩子都更倾向于去看。A. refused拒绝；B. decided决定；C. preferred偏爱；D. failed失败。根据上文“Next, we gave children the option of looking or not looking when an adult hid.(接下来，我们给孩子们提供了选择的余地，让他们决定在成人藏起来的时候是选择查看还是不查看)”可知，此处指两个选择中，大多数孩子都更倾向于去看。为短语prefer to表示“更喜欢”。故选C。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究表明，儿童的“自我中心”现象是暂时性的。A. natural自然的；B. strong强壮的；C. temporary暂时的；D. common共同的。根据后文“what others can do”可知，孩子可以考虑别人的立场，所以儿童的“自我中心”现象是暂时性的。故选C。 13. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：他们能够考虑到他人的立场，并预测他人会做出何种举动。A. others’ perspectives他人的立场；B. their own needs他们自己的需要；C. different methods不同方式；D. various options各种各样的观点。根据上文“Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t.(令人惊讶的是，孩子们回答说他们做不到)”可知，孩子回答无法看到或听见成年人，说明他们考虑到他人的立场，对此作出反应。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们能够考虑到他人的立场，并预测他人会做出何种举动。A. report报告；B. understand理解；C. imagine想象；D. predict预测。根据后文“what others can do”可知，孩子们可以预测他人会做出何种举动。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是无法利用这些信息来参与他们的藏匿游戏。A. pretend假装；B. learn学习；C. manage设法；D. fail失败。根据后文“to use this information in their hiding games”以及上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___3___.”可知，孩子们无法利用这些信息来参与他们的藏匿游戏。短语fail to表示“未能”。故选D。 考点四：议论文 Imagine you are on a desert island for the rest of your days. What one book would you most 1 to have with you? Much more often than not, people 2 a great work of literature to keep them company for their 3 lives there. Then, what is literature? The answer is found by 4 at literature itself. For example, consider the very first 5 works we come into contact with over the 6 of our lives — children’s literature. Most of us 7 the first steps into the world of reading in the 8 : someone we love reads to us in bed. So begins the lifelong journey through all 9 pages that lie ahead. As we grow up, the practice of reading for pleasure — which 10 means reading literature — stays with us. Explaining to young children the politics or the history would be 11 . Literature, with its ability to communicate to all ages, can help. 12 we read well, we will find ourselves in a dialogue 13 the most creative minds of our own time and of the past. It enriches (丰富) life in 14 that nothing else quite can. It makes us more 15 . The better we learn to read literature, the better it will do that. 1. A. want B. ask C. allow D. require 2. A. provide B. choose C. discover D. follow 3. A. dangerous B. happy C. lonely D. colourful 4. A. looking B. working C. arriving D. pointing 5. A. developed B. printed C. designed D. reported 6. A. pattern B. course C. event D. condition 7. A. count B. pave C. watch D. take 8. A. bookstore B. classroom C. bedroom D. library 9. A. this B. these C. that D. those 10. A. typically B. perfectly C. expectedly D. similarly 11. A. convenient B. common C. private D. difficult 12. A. Though B. Since C. If D. Unless 13. A. for B. beyond C. with D. into 14. A. cases B. ways C. positions D. shapes 15. A. classical B. standard C. personal D. human 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以“如果余生在荒岛上只能带一本书，你会选什么”这一问题引出话题，阐述了文学的定义、人们接触文学的起始以及文学对不同年龄段的人所起的作用，还强调了文学能丰富生活、使人更人性化等。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你最想要带哪一本书和你在一起？A. want想要；B. ask询问，要求；C. allow允许；D. require需要，要求。上文“Imagine you are on a desert island for the rest of your days.”营造了在荒岛的情境，在这种情境下思考最想要的书，符合语境。故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，人们会选择一部伟大的文学作品来陪伴他们在那里的孤独生活。A. provide提供；B. choose选择；C. discover发现；D. follow跟随。结合上文“What one book would you most 1 to have with you?”提到的在荒岛上选择一本书的情境，这里说人们会“选择”一部文学作品。故选B。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，人们会选择一部伟大的文学作品来陪伴他们在那里的孤独生活。A. dangerous危险的；B. happy快乐的；C. lonely孤独的；D. colourful多彩的。根据上文“Imagine you are on a desert island for the rest of your days.”可知，在荒岛上，没有其他人陪伴，生活是孤独的。故选C。 4. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：答案可以通过观察文学本身找到。A. looking看；B. working工作；C. arriving到达；D. pointing指向。根据上文“Then, what is literature?”和“at literature itself”可知，这里是说通过观察文学本身来找到关于文学是什么的答案，look at表示“看，观察”，符合语境。故选A。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，考虑一下我们在生命过程中接触到的第一批印刷作品——儿童文学。A. developed发展的；B. printed印刷的；C. designed设计的；D. reported报道的。根据常识，我们接触到的书籍等文学作品通常是印刷的。故选B。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，考虑一下我们在生命过程中接触到的第一批印刷作品——儿童文学。A. pattern模式；图案；B. course过程，课程；C. event事件；D. condition条件，状况。根据下文“So begins the lifelong journey”可知，此处指在我们的生命历程中，over the course of our lives表示“在我们的生命过程中”，是固定搭配。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人都是在卧室里迈出阅读世界的第一步：我们爱的人在床上给我们读书。A. count计数，重要；B. pave铺设；C. watch观看；D. take采取，拿走。根据上文“children’s literature”和下文“ someone we love reads to us in bed.”可知，此处指迈出阅读的第一步，take the first steps表示“迈出第一步”，符合语境。故选D。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人都是在卧室里迈出阅读世界的第一步：我们爱的人在床上给我们读书。A. bookstore书店；B. classroom教室；C. bedroom卧室；D. library图书馆。根据下文“someone we love reads to us in bed”可知，应该是在卧室里。故选C。 9. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：于是，在前方所有那些书页中的终身旅程开始了。A. this这个；B. these这些；C. that那个；D. those那些。修饰pages是应用these或those，这里说的是前方的书页，有一定的距离感，所以用those。故选D。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着我们长大，为了乐趣而阅读的习惯——通常意味着阅读文学作品——会伴随我们。A. typically通常，典型地；B. perfectly完美地；C. expectedly预期地；D. similarly相似地。根据上文“the practice of reading for pleasure”可知，此处指为了乐趣而阅读通常就是指阅读文学作品。故选A。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：向小孩子解释政治或历史会很困难。A. convenient方便的；B. common常见的，普通的；C. private私人的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“Explaining to young children the politics or the history”并结合常识可知，政治和历史对于小孩子来说比较抽象，很难对他们解释清楚。故选D。 12. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果我们读得好，我们会发现自己与当代和过去最有创造力的头脑进行对话。A. Though虽然；B. Since自从，因为；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。后文“we read well”是“we will find ourselves in a dialogue”的条件，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 13. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果我们读得好，我们会发现自己与当代和过去最有创造力的头脑进行对话。A. for为了，对于；B. beyond超越；C. with和……一起；D. into进入。in a dialogue with... 表示“与……进行对话”，是固定搭配，此处指与当代以及过去最有创造力的人对话。故选C。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它以其他东西无法比拟的方式丰富了生活。A. cases情况，案例；B. ways方式，方法；C. positions位置，职位；D. shapes形状。根据上文“ 12 we read well, we will find ourselves in a dialogue 13 the most creative minds of our own time and of the past.”可知，此处指文学以独特的方式丰富生活。故选B。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它让我们更人性化。A. classical经典的；B. standard标准的；C. personal个人的；D. human人性的，人类的。根据上文“It enriches (丰富) life in 14 that nothing else quite can.”可知，文学能够丰富我们的内心世界，从而更人性化。故选D。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 9 but are soon looking forward to 10 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 11 , who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first 12 their driver’s license? Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of 13 things, which they never had 14 to do while working. But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 15 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new toys. 1. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 2. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 10. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 11. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 12. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 13. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 14. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 15. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 【答案】 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章通过不同年龄段人群的例子论证了“任何常规活动都会让人产生厌倦”这一原理。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A. principle准则、原理；B. habit习惯；C. weaker弱者；D. power权力、动力。根据空前的“As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. ”可知此处指的是所有活动在常规基础上进行时就会导致无聊这个基本原理，故选A项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A. parties宴会；B. races比赛；C. countries国家；D. ages年龄。根据后文所举的例子，从children(孩子)到adolescents(青少年)，从the young adults(年轻的成年人)到after retirement(退休后)，可知此处指所有年龄段的人，故选D项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，在圣诞节的早晨，孩子们兴奋地玩着他们的新玩具。A. working工作；B. living居住；C. playing玩耍；D. going离开。根据后文“with their new toys”可知此处指玩新玩具，故选C项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，同样的玩具就可以被放在地下室里了。A. confidence信心；B. interest兴趣；C. anxiety焦虑；D. sorrow悲伤。根据前文“children are excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their”以及空后“soon wears off and by January those ___5___ toys can be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指孩子们的兴趣很快消失，故选B项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，那些同样的玩具就会被放在地下室里。A. same相同的；B. extra额外的；C. funny好玩的；D. expensive贵的。根据空前“children are excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their ___4___ soon wears off and by January those”以及“toys can be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指的是同样的玩具还没持续几天兴趣就没了，故选A项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. well-organized有条理的；B. colorfully-printed彩色印刷的；C. newly-collected新收集的；D. half-filled半满的。根据前文可知，孩子们开始时的兴趣很快就消失了以及空后“stamp albums and unfinished models”可知此处指未完成的即装满一半的邮集，故选D项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. broad宽的；B. passing短暂的；C. different不同的；D. main主要的。根据上文“The world is full of ___6___ stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s”以及空后的“interest”可知，装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣，故选B项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当父母把宠物带回家时，他们的孩子很高兴地给它洗澡和刷毛。A. silently沉默地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. gladly高兴地；D. worriedly担心地。根据上文“When parents bring home a pet”以及空后“bathes it and brushes its fur.”可知，小孩子对宠物很感兴趣，所以当父母刚把宠物带回家时，小孩子会很高兴地给它洗澡和刷毛，故选C项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年怀着极大的兴奋进入高中，但很快就盼望着毕业。A. courage勇气；B. calmness平静；C. confusion困惑、混淆；D. excitement兴奋。根据空前“Adolescents enter high school with great”可知此处指青少年进高中时兴致冲冲，故选D项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年怀着极大的兴奋进入高中，但很快就盼望着毕业。A. graduation毕业；B. independence独立、自主；C. responsibility责任；D. success成功，根据空前“Adolescents enter high school with great ___9___ but are soon looking forward to”可知，人们常常是开始的时候兴趣很浓，但不能慎终如始，很快兴趣就消失了，所以此处指青少年进高中时还兴致冲冲，但很快就失去兴趣，盼着早日毕业了，故选A项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，有多少如今抱怨上班路途遥远的成年人，在刚拿到驾照时，曾满心欢喜地连续驾车数小时呢？A. children孩子们；B. students学生；C. adults成年人；D. retirees退休人员。根据前文举例的顺序可知，本文是按照年龄从小到大的顺序讲述的，前面提到的是上大学的年轻人，接着应该是上班的成年人，后文有after retirement可排除retirees，故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，有多少如今抱怨上班路途遥远的成年人，在刚拿到驾照时，曾满心欢喜地连续驾车数小时呢？A. required需要；B. obtained获得、得到；C. noticed注意到；D. discovered发现、找到。根据空前“who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first”以及“their driver’s license?”可知，此处指刚刚“获得”驾照，所以急切地连续驾车数小时，故选B项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在人们退休之前，他们通常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作时没有时间去做的。A. great伟大的；B. strong强壮的、强大的；C. difficult困难的；D. correct正确的。根据上文以及空后“But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs ”可知，人们都是开始的时候兴趣很浓，但很快兴趣消失，所以这里指的是退休前兴致冲冲，计划要做的的事情应该是很棒的，故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人们退休之前，他们通常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作时没有时间去做的。A. time时间；B. money钱；C. skills技巧、技能；D. knowledge知识、学问。根据后文“to do while working”以及前后文语境可知，等到退休了再去做，应该是以前忙于工作而没有时间做，故选A项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但退休后不久，打高尔夫球、钓鱼、阅读和其他所有的消遣都变得和他们离开的工作一样无聊。A. lost失去；B. chose选择；C. left离开、留下；D. quit停止、戒掉。根据上文“after retirement”可推断此处说的是退休人员，所以应指他们离开的工作，故选C项。 一、阅读理解 A Join Us Different clubs make our school life colorful. Which one do you like to join? Volunteer Club We are going to visit the old people’s home this Saturday. We will do some cleaning for the old and make dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9 a.m. at the school gate. We will take the bus there and return at 4 p.m. Call 379516 to join us. Basketball Club Can you play basketball? Do you want to learn different basketball skills? Do you want to enjoy exciting matches? Our club opens at 4 p.m. every Tuesday. Remember to wear sports shoes. Call 543715 if you are interested. Hiking Club We are going to the countryside for a hike this Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there. We will come back at 3:30 p.m. Let’s meet at the school gate at 8 a.m. DIY Club If you are a DIY-lover, come and join us! Here you can make, repair and decorate things yourselves. You will have lots of fun here. The club is open from 2 p.m. to5:30 p.m. every Monday. Call 593782 for more information. 1. Amy, who will go to visit the old people’s home, will go there ________. A. by bus B. by plane C. by train D. on foot 2. If Tony joins the Basketball Club, he can go there ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. every day D. at weekends 3. In the Hiking Club, you can do many things except ________. A. go hiking B. have a picnic C. enjoy the beauty of nature D. watch matches 4. Where can you most probably find the poster? A. In a restaurant. B. In a school. C. In a hotel. D. In a supermarket. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了学校里的四个俱乐部。 1. 细节理解题。根据Volunteer Club部分中“We are going to visit the old people’s home this Saturday. We will do some cleaning for the old and make dumplings with them. Let’s meet at 9 a.m. at the school gate. We will take the bus there and return at 4 p.m.(本周六我们将前往敬老院探望老人。我们将为老人们打扫卫生，并一起包饺子。请大家上午9点在校门口集合，我们将统一乘车前往，下午4点返回)”可知，艾米要去养老院，她将乘公共汽车去那里。故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据Basketball Club部分中“Our club opens at 4 p.m. every Tuesday.(我们的俱乐部每周二下午4点开放)”可知，如果托尼加入篮球俱乐部，他可以每周去一次。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据Hiking Club部分中“We are going to the countryside for a hike this Sunday. We can enjoy the beauty of nature and have a picnic there.(这个星期天我们要去乡下徒步旅行。我们可以在那里欣赏大自然的美景并野餐)”可知，在徒步俱乐部，你可以去远足、野餐和欣赏大自然的美景，除了看比赛。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章开头“Different clubs make our school life colorful.(不同的俱乐部使我们的学校生活丰富多彩)”以及下文对四个俱乐部的介绍可知，这些俱乐部都是学校里的，所以你最有可能在学校里找到这张海报。故选B项。 B The moment is recorded in sports history, not as a triumph, but as a seeming defeat. In 1978, a young Michael Jordan, passionate and full of dreams, tried out for the college basketball team at Laney High School. However, he was cut from the team for his lack of height and skill. For Jordan, this wasn’t just a rejection; it was a challenge. Instead of giving in to disappointment, he transformed it into an extraordinary drive. This early failure became the fuel for his legendary work ethic. He adopted a mindset of continuous forward progress, a perfect example of “onwards and upwards.” He began waking up before dawn to practice. He would spend hours alone on the court, honing his shooting, his dribbling, and his defensive moves. His competitive fire burned constantly; he turned every minor setback into a reason to improve. His journey was anything but smooth. After rising to stardom at the University of North Carolina and being drafted by the Chicago Bulls, Jordan faced tough opponents like the Detroit Pistons, who repeatedly knocked his team out of the playoffs(季后赛) with their physical “Jordan Rules.” Yet, each defeat only hardened his resolve. The ultimate proof of his strong spirit came after he finally led the Bulls to their first NBA championship in 1991. This victory was not the end of his story. He went onwards, leading the Bulls to two more consecutive titles, achieving a historic “three-peat.” Then, following the tragic murder of his father, he shocked the world by retiring from basketball to pursue baseball — a new difficult challenge that showcased his courage to start again from the bottom. But the basketball court called him back. In 1995, he returned to the Bulls with the simple message, “I’m back.” He led the team to a second, even more difficult “three-peat” from 1996 to 1998, solidifying his legacy as the greatest. Michael Jordan’s story teaches us that it is the courage to face setbacks, the discipline to keep improving, and the spirit to always move forward that truly defines a champion. 5. What was Jordan’s immediate reaction after being cut from the high school team? A. He decided to quit basketball forever. B. He accepted the reason for his rejection. C. He saw it as a challenge and became more determined. D. He blamed his teammates for the failure. 6. Why did Jordan shock the world by retiring from basketball in 1993? A. He wanted to prove he was the greatest player without winning more titles. B. He lost his passion for basketball after winning his first championship. C. He sought a new challenge as a way of dealing with a personal tragedy. D. He had a serious injury that prevented him from playing at a high level. 7. What can be inferred about Jordan’s character from his training habits? A. He relied mostly on his natural talent. B. He believed success came from nonstop hard work. C. He preferred to practice alone rather than with the team. D. He was often discouraged by minor setbacks. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To list all the awards Michael Jordan won in his career. B. To describe the history of the Chicago Bulls basketball team. C. To show how Jordan overcame setbacks with a never-give-up spirit. D. To compare Jordan’s career with other basketball players. 【答案】5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了迈克尔·乔丹的职业生涯，阐释了他如何将挫折转化为动力，通过极致努力和坚持精神成就传奇，最终定义了冠军的真正内涵。 5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, he was cut from the team for his lack of height and skill. For Jordan, this wasn’t just a rejection; it was a challenge. Instead of giving in to disappointment, he transformed it into an extraordinary drive. (然而，由于他的身高和技术都不够，他被球队除名了。对乔丹来说，这不仅仅是一次拒绝；这是一个挑战。他没有屈服于失望，而是将失望转化为非凡的动力。)”可知，乔丹将被高中球队淘汰视为挑战并变得更加坚定。故选C项。 6. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Then, following the tragic murder of his father, he shocked the world by retiring from basketball to pursue baseball — a new difficult challenge that showcased his courage to start again from the bottom. (然后，在他父亲被谋杀的悲剧发生后，他震惊了世界，从篮球场上退役去追求棒球——一个新的困难的挑战，显示了他从底层重新开始的勇气。)”可知，当时乔丹的举动震惊世界是因为他寻求一种新的挑战来处理个人的悲剧。故选C项。 7. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He adopted a mindset of continuous forward progress, a perfect example of “onwards and upwards.” He began waking up before dawn to practice. He would spend hours alone on the court, honing his shooting, his dribbling, and his defensive moves. His competitive fire burned constantly; he turned every minor setback into a reason to improve. (他采取了不断前进的心态，是“向前和向上”的完美例子。他开始在黎明前起床练习。他会花几个小时独自在球场上，磨练他的投篮、运球和防守动作。他的争强好胜之火不断燃烧；他把每一个小小的挫折都变成了进步的理由。)”可知，乔丹刻苦训练，投入大量时间磨练自己的技术，不断向前、向上，这些表明他相信成功源于不懈努力。故选B项。 8. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Michael Jordan’s story teaches us that it is the courage to face setbacks, the discipline to keep improving, and the spirit to always move forward that truly defines a champion. (迈克尔·乔丹的故事告诉我们，面对挫折的勇气，不断进步的自律，以及永远前进的精神，才是真正的冠军。)”可知，文章聚焦乔丹的生涯故事，通过高中落选、季后赛失利、父亲去世后转型、复出夺冠的事例，显示出乔丹克服职业生涯中的种种障碍，永不放弃的精神。由此推知，文章的目的是展示乔丹如何以永不放弃的精神战胜挫折。故选C项。 C For a species mainly dependent on plants for food, we give plants curiously little respect. Thankfully, The Light Eaters, an absorbing book on recent discoveries in plant biology by journalist Zo Schlanger, will transform how we see not only plants but the nature of all life, strengthening our appreciation for those fascinating beings. Curiosity drives Schlanger’s narrative, who believes plant biology is a “case study” of a scientific revolution in progress. Do plants sense a wound? We feel her excitement and hesitation as she uses a tool to press a cress leaf. The plant has been genetically modified(修改) so that its cells shine gently when electrical charges pass through them. Pressed, the leaf immediately lights up. A wave of electrical activity moves until the entire plant is filled with information about the damaged leaf within seconds. Through Schlanger’s vivid description, I now understand these plants as living beings that respond to danger instantly. I am, as Schlanger writes of her own changed perspective,  “regaining connection with the natural world.” Schlanger’s visits to field sites and labs leave no doubt that, conscious or not, plants sense their surroundings and make well- informed decisions. Leaves pick up the sounds of chewing caterpillars and take appropriate chemical defenses. Flowers sweeten their nectar when they sense pollinators like bees flying by. Plants seem to use memory to adjust their growth and even minute-by-minute presentation of pollen. Reading about her pursuit of plant wonder, I felt an ever-increasing sense of admiration and affection for plants. Understanding plants' intelligence reframes our everyday experience of eating plants or seeing them growing out of a crack. In an age when we often feel distant from a living world in crisis, it is good to be reminded that other species have initiatives (主动性), flexible to handle tricky situations. Having thrived on Earth for half a billion years, plants have not only intelligence but wisdom about how to flourish in the face of change. 9. What is a feature of The Light Eaters according to the text? A. It focuses on threats to plants. B. It is targeted at plant biologists. C. It is packed with scientific terms. D. It helps us relate to the natural world. 10. How does the genetically modified cress leaf react in the experiment? A. It sends out special chemicals immediately. B. The composition of its cells changes slightly. C. The shape of the leaf is damaged completely. D. The cells of the leaf give out faint light instantly. 11. What can we learn from the examples given in paragraph 3? A. Plants act accordingly on the environment. B. Leaves defend against enemies passively. C. Flowers release chemicals for self-protection. D. Plants keep a steady growth rate for survival. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To share an experience. B. To recommend a book. C. To present an experiment. D. To prove an assumption. 【答案】9. D 10. D 11. A 12. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文介绍了记者Zo Schlanger的新书The Light Eaters，该书通过最新的植物生物学发现，改变了我们对植物乃至所有生命本质的认知。书中通过生动的实验和观察，展示了植物如何感知环境、做出决策，甚至拥有记忆能力。作者通过阅读这本书，增强了对植物的欣赏和理解，重新建立了与自然世界的联系。 9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thankfully, The Light Eaters, an absorbing book on recent discoveries in plant biology by journalist Zo Schlanger, will transform how we see not only plants but the nature of all life, strengthening our appreciation for those fascinating beings.(值得庆幸的是，记者Zo Schlanger撰写的The Light Eaters引人入胜，讲述了植物生物学的最新发现。这本书不仅改变了我们对植物的看法，还改变了我们对所有生命本质的看法，增强了我们对这些迷人生物的欣赏)”和第二段中“I am, as Schlanger writes of her own changed perspective, “regaining connection with the natural world.”(正如Schlanger所写的那样，我正在“重新与自然世界建立联系”)”可知，这本书帮助我们与自然世界建立联系，故选D。 10. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The plant has been genetically modified (修改) so that its cells shine gently when electrical charges pass through them. Pressed, the leaf immediately lights up.(这种植物经过了基因修改，因此当电荷通过时，它的细胞会发出柔和的光。按压一下，叶子立刻亮了起来)”可知，被修改过基因的水芹叶子的细胞会立即发出微弱的光，故选D。 11. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Schlanger’s visits to field sites and labs leave no doubt that, conscious or not, plants sense their surroundings and make well-informed decisions.(Schlanger对野外和实验室的考察毫无疑问地表明，无论有意识与否，植物都能感知周围环境，并做出明智的决定)”提到植物能感知周围环境，并做出反应，接着下文“Leaves pick up the sounds of chewing caterpillars and take appropriate chemical defenses. Flowers sweeten their nectar when they sense pollinators like bees flying by.(树叶捕捉到咀嚼毛虫的声音，并采取适当的化学防御措施。当花朵感觉到蜜蜂等传粉者飞过时，它们会使花蜜变甜)”以树叶和花朵为例加以说明，由此推知植物根据环境作出反应，故选A。 12. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Thankfully, The Light Eaters, an absorbing book on recent discoveries in plant biology by journalist Zo Schlanger, will transform how we see not only plants but the nature of all life, strengthening our appreciation for those fascinating beings.(值得庆幸的是，记者Zo Schlanger撰写的The Light Eaters引人入胜，讲述了植物生物学的最新发现。这本书不仅改变了我们对植物的看法，还改变了我们对所有生命本质的看法，增强了我们对这些迷人生物的欣赏)”可知，文章主要全文围绕The Light Eaters一书展开，介绍书的内容(植物感知能力、实验发现)和阅读感受(增强对植物的欣赏)，最后一段中“Reading about her pursuit of plant wonder, I felt an ever-increasing sense of admiration and affection for plants.(读到她对植物奇迹的追求，我对植物的钦佩和喜爱与日俱增)”提到阅读后对植物产生钦佩和喜爱，隐含推荐意图，故作者的目的是推荐这本书，故选B。 D When the toy called Labubu appeared on office desks in China, it was more than just a popular trend. It became a huge cultural wave that swept from celebrity houses to ordinary people’s living rooms, and from pop-up stores in Beijing malls to the screens of millions on social media. Some critics see it as a risky bubble(泡沫), pointing to very high resale prices (for example, a perfect Labubu sold for ¥108,000) and reselling plans led by Teca that change the product’s real value. They stress that young buyers, especially Generation Z, are easily influenced by short-lived online trends, putting emotional satisfaction ahead of logical thinking. They believe Labubu’s popularity points to a shallow consumer culture that cares more about newness than real value. However, a closer look shows that Labubu represents deep changes in Chinese spending habits. The tastes and habits of young buyers — especially those in smaller cities who add 60%of new spending — are influencing industries from travel to fashion and are reshaping the consumer landscape with their growing buying power and preferences. For example, Labubu’s “weird-cute” style connects with a generation seeking uniqueness, and its success as a Chinese brand reflects growing pride in local products. Then there’s the emotional and cultural side of consumption. Trendy toys like Labubu are just the tip of the iceberg. The stress-relief industry is booming, drawing the attention of the country’s youth. Additionally, the spending power by women (who control about ¥10 trillion each year) and people living alone (now over 14% of families) highlights a bigger move toward personalized consumption — ranging from smart devices to travel based on experiences. These trends are built to last, not just temporary. While doubt about too much commercial focus is fair, seeing Labubu as a bubble misses its deeper meaning. Companies that use these insights, like those making smart cars designed for young buyers’ social needs, will succeed. So, Labubu is a small example of a permanent change: China’s market future will be won by brands that understand the emotional connection behind youth spending, not just the items they buy. 13. What is the concern about Labubu? A. It represents a risky economic bubble. B. Its company intends to drive up prices. C. Its influence is limited to toy companies. D. It creates negative market and social effects. 14. Who is responsible for most new spending in China? A. Older generations. B. People living alone. C. Women in major cities. D. The young in smaller cities. 15. How does the author organize the text? A. By raising lots of questions to the reader. B. By telling a story from the beginning to the end. C. By presenting a common view and then challenging it. D. By comparing different people’s ideas on the same topic. 16. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Mirror of a Risky Social Bubble B. How Social Media Sells Toys to Gen Z C. Why Young People Like to Shop Online D. A Small Toy and a Big Change in Shopping 【答案】13. A 14. D 15. C 16. D 【分析】这是一篇议论文，大意是围绕网红玩具Labubu的流行展开，先介绍其风靡现象及批评者认为它是“风险泡沫”的观点，随后反驳该观点，指出Labubu反映了中国消费习惯的深层变化，包括年轻消费者影响力提升、情感消费兴起等，并强调理解青年消费情感联结的品牌才能赢得市场。 13. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Some critics see it as a risky bubble (泡沫) , pointing to very high resale prices (for example, a perfect Labubu sold for ¥108,000) and reselling plans led by Teca that change the product’s real value (一些批评者认为它是一个有风险的泡沫，指出其转售价格极高(例如，一个完美的Labubu售价10.8万元)，以及由Teca主导的转售计划改变了产品的真实价值)”可知，对Labubu的担忧是它代表了有风险的经济泡沫。故选A。 14. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The tastes and habits of young buyers — especially those in smaller cities who add 60%of new spending — are influencing industries from travel to fashion and are reshaping the consumer landscape with their growing buying power and preferences (年轻消费者的品味和习惯——尤其是那些贡献了60%新增消费的小城市年轻人——正影响着从旅游到时尚的各个行业，并凭借不断增强的购买力和偏好重塑消费格局)”可知，中国大部分新增消费来自小城市的年轻人。故选D。 15. 推理判断题。文章第二段先提出批评者的普遍观点，即Labubu是“风险泡沫”，反映了肤浅的消费文化；第三段以“However”转折，指出Labubu体现了中国消费习惯的深层变化，随后通过举例、分析数据等方式论证该观点，可见作者是通过提出普遍观点再反驳挑战的方式组织文章的。故选C。 16. 主旨大意题。文章以Labubu这一小玩具的流行为切入点，开篇介绍其现象，接着反驳“泡沫论”，深入分析其背后反映的中国消费市场的深层变化(年轻消费者影响力、情感消费、个性化消费等)，最后总结Labubu是消费习惯永久变化的缩影，“小玩具与消费大变化”最能概括文章核心，适合用作标题。故选D。 二、完形填空 Happiness means different things to different people — what makes 1 person happy might make another feel 2 , and vice versa. However, science has shown that there are some basic things we can all do to 3 we start living our happiest lives. The decisions we make, our behaviour and 4 , our mindset all 5 this end goal. Gaining a greater understanding of ourselves will help us to make the right choices so we can avoid 6 , be more authentic and start living more 7 and happier lives. Why do we feel certain emotions in specific situations? Why do we behave in particular ways? And what can we do to 8 the things that hold us back? Learn all this and more by 9 the world of psychology to build a better relationship with your mind. Packed full of 10 guidance from psychologists and other professionals, in the pages that follow, we 11 how to build better relationships, the 12 of having fun, and why being simple can be great for our 13 . The mind is a (n) 14 tool, so we should learn to use it today for a happier 15 . 1. A. some B. one C. each D. other 2. A. annoyed B. anxious C. unhappy D. confused 3. A. enable B. encourage C. empower D. ensure 4. A. even worse B. even better C. most surprisingly D. most importantly 5. A. prefer to B. contribute to C. refer to D. devote to 6. A. disadvantages B. adventures C. annoyances D. responsibilities 7. A. fluent B. addictive C. satisfying D. formal 8. A. overlook B. overcome C. overtake D. overload 9. A. expanding B. discovering C. improving D. exploring 10. A. expert B. personal C. formal D. suitable 11. A. look at B. look forward to C. look out for D. look after 12. A. confidence B. goal C. benefit D. effect 13. A. behavior B. health C. relationship D. situation 14. A. impressive B. advanced C. suitable D. powerful 15. A. day B. tomorrow C. life D. future 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了幸福对不同的人有不同的含义，以及我们可以通过一些基本的方法来实现更幸福的生活，还提到了通过探索心理学世界来更好地了解自己，从而建立更好的人际关系，享受生活的乐趣，让生活更简单美好。 1. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：幸福对不同的人意味着不同的事情 —— 使一个人快乐的事情可能会让另一个人感到不快乐，反之亦然。A. some一些；B. one一个；C. each每个；D. other其他的。根据下文“another ” 可知，此处为固定搭配one...another...表示“一个……另一个……”。故选B。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸福对不同的人意味着不同的事情 —— 使一个人快乐的事情可能会让另一个人感到不快乐，反之亦然。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. unhappy不快乐的；D. confused困惑的。呼应上文happy，此处指让一个人快乐的事可能会让另一个人不快乐， 即unhappy。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，科学表明，我们都可以做一些基本的事情来确保我们开始过上最幸福的生活。A. enable使能够；B. encourage鼓励；C. empower授权；使有能力；D. ensure确保。根据“science has shown that there are some basic things we can all do”可知，做一些基本的事情是为了“确保”我们过上最幸福的生活。故选D。 4. 考查短语辨析。句意：我们所做的决定、我们的行为，以及最重要的是我们的心态，都有助于实现这个最终目标。A. even worst甚至更糟；B. even better甚至更好；C. most surprisingly最令人惊讶的是；D. most importantly最重要的是。根据常识可知，mindset“心态”是对实现目标很重要的因素。故选D。 5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们所做的决定、我们的行为，以及最重要的是我们的心态，都有助于实现这个最终目标。A. prefer to更喜欢；B. contribute to有助于；C. refer to参考，涉及；D. devote to致力于。根据“The decisions we make, our behaviour and 4 , our mindset”和“this end goal”可知，决定、行为和心态都对实现最终目标有帮助。故选B。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更好地了解自己将帮助我们做出正确的选择，这样我们就可以避免烦恼，更真实地生活，开始过上更令人满意和更幸福的生活。A. disadvantages缺点；B. adventures冒险；C. annoyances烦恼；D. responsibilities责任。根据“Gaining a greater understanding of ourselves will help us to make the right choices”可知，做出正确选择可以避免烦恼。故选C。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更好地了解自己将帮助我们做出正确的选择，这样我们就可以避免烦恼，更真实地生活，开始过上更令人满意和更幸福的生活。A. fluent流利的；B. addictive上瘾的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. formal正式的。结合语境可知，此处应填与happier并列的形容词，satisfying符合语境，表示“更令人满意的”。故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们能做些什么来克服那些阻碍我们的事情呢？A. overlook忽视；B. overcome克服；C. overtake超过；D. overload使超载。根据“the things that hold us back”可知，我们要克服阻碍我们的事情。故选B。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过探索心理学世界来了解所有这些以及更多的东西，从而与你的思维建立更好的关系。A. expanding扩大；B. discovering发现；C. improving提高；D. exploring探索。根据“the world of psychology” 可知，此处表示“探索”心理学世界。故选D。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书充满了心理学家和其他专业人士的专业指导。A. expert专业的；B. personal个人的；C. formal正式的；D. suitable合适的。根据“from psychologists and other professionals”可知，心理学家和其他专业人士提供的应该是“专业的”指导。故选A。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的页面中，我们会探讨如何建立更好的人际关系，享受乐趣的好处，以及为什么简单对我们的健康有好处。A. look at看；探讨；B. look forward to期待；C. look out for留意；D. look after照顾。根据“how to build better relationships”可知，在接下来的页面中会探讨如何建立更好的人际关系。故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的页面中，我们会探讨如何建立更好的人际关系，享受乐趣的好处，以及为什么简单对我们的健康有好处。A. confidence信心；B. goal目标；C. benefit好处；D. effect影响。根据“of having fun”可知，此处应表示享受乐趣的“好处”。故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的页面中，我们会探讨如何建立更好的人际关系，享受乐趣的好处，以及为什么简单对我们的健康有好处。A. behavior行为；B. health健康；C. relationship关系；D. situation情况。根据“why being simple ”以及常识可知，简单的生活对“健康”有好处。故选B。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：思维是一种强大的工具，所以我们今天就应该学会使用它，以获得更幸福的未来。A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. advanced先进的；C. suitable合适的；D. powerful强大的。根据下文“so we should learn to use it today”并结合常识可知，思维是一种“强大的”工具，因此应该学会使用它。故选D。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：思维是一种强大的工具，所以我们今天就应该学会使用它，以获得更幸福的未来。A. day一天；B. tomorrow明天；C. life生活；D. future未来。呼应上文“today”此处指今天学会使用思维这个工具是为了更幸福的明天。故选B。 三、语法填空 In recent years, various countries have explored approaches to developing clean energy in Antarctica, 1 solar and wind energy being the primary focus. 2 , the extreme conditions and shortage of technologies make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation. Recently, a clean energy system 3 (tailor) for polar conditions has been put into operation in China’s Qinling station in Antarctica. This is a big achievement because it 4 (great) lowers the station’ s need for fossil fuels and its possible harm to the environment. The breakthrough means China has become the first country 5 (achieve) the large-scale operation of a clean energy system under extreme Antarctic conditions. According to the lead scientist, Sun Hongbin, 56, this project marks a major advance in China’s efforts to explore green energy solutions in polar regions. Since the launch of the system on March 1, it 6 (replace) traditional diesel(柴油) power sources, 7 (provide) uninterrupted zero-carbon power for the research equipment and essential living facilities at Qinling station, which was established in February last year as China’s 8 (five) Antarctic research station. Solar and wind power now provide about 60 percent of the total energy that the system can produce. In situations 9 there isn’t enough wind or sun, hydrogen that has been stored can be used to provide extra power. Sun stressed the primary challenges in ensuring the 10 (stable) and safety of the equipment. Still, he hopes to establish a 20,000-square-meter Antarctic extreme environment simulation laboratory in Shanxi to enhance future research. 【答案】 1. with 2. However 3. tailored 4. greatly 5. to achieve 6. has replaced 7. providing 8. fifth 9. where 10. stability 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了我国探索了在南极洲发展清洁能源的一项重大突破，即一个为极地条件量身定制的清洁能源系统。 1. 考查介词。句意：近年来，各国探索了在南极洲发展清洁能源的方法，太阳能和风能是主要重点。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填写介词，因为空格后无提示词，也不是句子不需要加连词，且energy“能源”为不可数名词，不需要加冠词。根据句意看，介词with符合语境，表示前文提到的清洁能源中有太阳能和风能，是一种所属关系。故填with。 2. 考查副词。句意：然而，极端条件和技术短缺使太阳能和风力发电设备难以保持稳定高效运行。分析句意可知，空格前后的句子在语义上构成转折关系。前文说“太阳能和风能是主要重点”，而后文却说“make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation(使太阳能和风力发电设备难以保持稳定高效运行)”，构成转折关系，副词however“然而”符合语境。故填However。 3. 考查过去分词。句意：最近，为极地条件量身定制的清洁能源系统已在中国南极秦岭站投入运行。分析句子结构可知，动词tailor“为……量身打造，量体裁衣”需要改为过去分词形式，因为在句子它充当名词system“系统”的后置定语，构成被动关系。故填tailored。 4. 考查副词。句意：这是一项重大成就，因为它大大降低了空间站对化石燃料的需求及其对环境可能造成的危害。分析句意可知，形容词great“极好的”需要改为副词形式greatly“极大地，很大程度上”，因为它在句子用于修饰动词lower“降低”。故填greatly。 5. 考查不定式。句意：这一突破意味着中国已成为第一个在南极极端条件下实现清洁能源系统大规模运行的国家。分析句子结构可知，动词achieve“获得，实现”应该使用不定式，因为它在句子充当名词country“国家”的后置定语，且country前有序数词修饰，根据语法规则，名词前有序数词修饰时，使用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to achieve。 6. 考查动词时态。句意：自3月1日该系统推出以来，它取代了传统的柴油电源，为秦岭站的研究设备和基本生活设施提供了不间断的零碳电力，秦岭站于去年2月成立，是中国第五个南极研究站。分析句子结构可知，句子包含时间状语“Since the launch of the system on March 1(自3月1日该系统推出以来)”，故谓语动词replace“取代”应该使用现在完成时，主语为代词it，故助动词用has。故填has replaced。 7. 考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，动词provide在句子不是谓语动词，而是伴随状语，即该系统取代传统的柴油电源的同时为秦岭站的研究设备和基本生活设施提供了不间断的零碳电力，故使用现在分词表示主动伴随的动作。故填providing。 8. 考查序数词。句意：同上。分析句意可知，数词five“五”在句子的应该表示的是序数词的含义，即这是中国第五个南极研究站，需要改为序数词形式fifth。故填fifth。 9. 考查关系副词。句意：在没有足够的风能或太阳能的情况下，储存的氢气可以用来提供额外的电力。分析句子结构可知，名词situations“情况”在句子充当的是抽象地点，但是它后面有一个定语从句用于修饰它，故可判断situations同时也是定语从句的先行词，而从句是there be句型，并不缺主要成分，分析可知situations在定语从句中也充当地点状语，故使用关系副词where引导定语从句符合语境。故填where。 10. 考查名词。句意：Sun强调了确保设备稳定性和安全性的主要挑战。分析句子结构可知，空处作动名词ensuring“确保”的宾语，需要如并列宾语safety“安全”一样使用名词形式，即stability“稳定性”，表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填stability。 四、应用文写作 假定你是育才中学高中学生李华。你的美国网友Tom在你分享的视频上看到你做中餐的情况，他很感兴趣并表示也想学做中国美食，因此他发来邮件询问。请你给他回复，内容包括： 1.中国传统美食的特点； 2介绍西红柿鸡蛋面制作食材和特点； 3.建议通过你的视频学习做该美食； 4.参考词汇：食材ingredient。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Tom, How are you doing? I am glad that you are interested in Chinese food. As is known to all, Chinese food focuses on a combination of color, flavor, and taste. Since you wish to learn cooking Chinese dishes, I’d like to recommend egg noodles with tomatoes to you. The reasons are as follows: Firstly, it is a traditional Chinese dish, and especially popular with people who don’t have much time to cook. In addition, its cooking method is very easy. Finally and most importantly, just as its name implies, it only needs three ingredients: noodles, tomatoes and eggs, which are common and easy to come by in our daily life. You can grasp the detailed cooking steps by watching the video I have posted. I hope you can successfully make this delicious dish! If you have any questions, do let me know. Yours, Li Hu 【导语】本片书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国网友Tom回信，告知他中国传统美食的特点，以及西红柿鸡蛋面制作食材和特点，并建议他通过视频学习做该美食。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad → happy 对……感兴趣：be interested in → be fond of 众所周知：as is known to all → as everyone knows 此外：in addition → moreover 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Since you wish to learn cooking Chinese dishes, I’d like to recommend egg noodles with tomatoes to you. 拓展句：You wishing to learn cooking Chinese dishes, I’d like to recommend egg noodles with tomatoes to you. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】As is known to all, Chinese food focuses on a combination of color, flavor, and taste.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】If you have any questions, do let me know.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $