专题02 形容词和副词（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，江苏专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题02 形容词、副词 ( 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一　形容词与副词的构成 I.形容词后缀 名词,动词转化为形容词 -able, -al, -ful, -ed, -ing -able, -ive, -ous, -some -y, -ern, -ish, -ic 【温馨提示】-ed形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；-ing形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰事或物。 II.副词后缀 名词,动词转化为形容词 直接加-ly 如：quick → quickly calm → calmly brave → bravely clear → clearly 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，变y 为i, 再加-ly 如：easy → easily heavy → heavily busy → busily happy → happily 词尾为-ble/ -le 的形容词，去掉e，再加-y gentle → gently terrible → terribly comfortable → comfortably 词尾为-ue 的形容词，去掉e，再加-y 词尾为-ll 的形容词，直接加-y 词尾为-ic 的形容词，直接加-ally 考点二　形容词与副词的基本用法 I.形容词的基本用法 (1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、(主语或宾语)补足语、状语等。 Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try.尽管它尝起来没有任何特殊的地方，但是还是值得一试。 【特别提示】 1.形容词作定语的后置规律：形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 2.多个形容词作定语的排序: (限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 (2)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来阳光的人。 【易错点拨】以-ly结尾的形容词，常见的有likely、friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly、deadly等等。 II.副词的基本用法 (1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。 (2)常考的连接性副词和句式：though“然而，可是”(用于句末)；meanwhile“在此期间”；therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”；moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”；besides“再说；此外”；however“然而”；instead“相反，代替”；anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”；otherwise“否则”。so/such…that… “如此……以至于”是常考句式。 The house was too expensive and too big. Besides, I'd grown fond of our little rented house.这个房子太贵、太大了。再说，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。 Ⅲ.易用错的几类副词 (1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费地)/freely(自由地)、hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不)、late(晚，迟)/lately(最近)、most(很；最)/mostly(主要地)、fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地)、near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等等。 (2)同根副词加-ly和不加-ly 有些副词不加-ly与其形容词表达的含义是一样的，而加了-ly之后的副词，其词义往往发生改变，具有抽象意义，表示程度。 close靠近地　closely密切地，仔细地 hard努力地　hardly几乎不 late晚，迟　lately最近，不久前 most最，极其　mostly通常，主要地 wide指距离宽　widely广泛地 deep指具体深度　deeply深深地，非常，强烈地 high指具体高度　highly高度地，非常 考点三　形容词与副词的比较等级 I.形容词与副词的比较等级的构成 形容词与副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词与副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1. 规则变化 词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节 词和少 数双音 节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest 以e结尾的，只加-r或-st nice nicer nicest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双 音节词 和多音 节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult 【温馨提示】表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent、extreme、perfect等等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad (badly)/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest II.形容词与副词的比较等级的用法 1. 平级比较 (1)用as…as…、not…as/so…as引导 Henry does not have as/so many books as I have.亨利的书不如我的多。 (2)as＋形容词＋as＋数量词＝数量词＋形容词 The building is as tall as 100 meters.＝The building is 100 meters tall.这幢楼有100米高。 2. 表示比较的特殊结构 (1)表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时，用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……就越……”。 The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越感到高兴。 (2)不与其他事物相比较，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们学校变得越来越漂亮了。 (3)表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。 You are no taller than I.你和我一样矮。 3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式 (1)否定式谓语＋比较级 (2)比较级＋than any other＋单数名词 (3)比较级＋than all the other＋复数名词 (4)比较级＋than anyone/anything else (5)比较级＋than any of the other＋复数名词 (6)比较级＋than the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 I have never spent a more worrying day. 这是我度过的最令人焦虑的一天。 Every morning he arrives earlier than any other student in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than all the other students in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than anyone else in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than any of the other students in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than the rest of students in the class. 每天早上他都是班里来得最早的学生。 4. 最高级的句型 (1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语 She is the most active student in our class. 她是我们班最活跃的学生。 (2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. ＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我国最大的城市之一。 (3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 5. 比较级和最高级的修饰语 (1)修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather、much、still、even、a lot、a little、a great deal、(by) far、a bit等。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们比以前学习更努力了。 (2)常用的最高级的修饰语有by far、nearly、almost、by no means、not really以及序数词等。 I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买便宜一点的照相机。 【温馨提示】by far通常用来修饰最高级，但也可修饰比较级。修饰比较级时，一般放在比较级后面；若在前面，应在两者之间加the。 The book is better by far than that one. 这本书要比那本书好得多。 He is by far the taller of the two brothers. 他是两兄弟中较高的那一个。 6. 倍数表达法 (1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as (2)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than (3)倍数＋the＋名词＋of (4)倍数＋what… Our classroom is three times as large as theirs. ＝Our classroom is twice larger than theirs. ＝Our classroom is three times the size of theirs. 我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。 The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago. 这条路的长度是三年前的四倍。 【温馨提示】用…times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double。 考点一　形容词与副词的构成 例1. The charming scenery and the hot spring baths combine to make the traveler’s stay there most ________(enjoy). 例2. The secretary arranged a(n) ________(convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an interview. 例3. I am not sure exactly how much money you will receive, but it will ________(rough) cover your major expense. 1. You must be ________(delight) with your current form and the way RealMadrid are playing at the moment. 2. I am always attentive in all classes and think ________(active). 3. ________(unfortunate), being a doctor can be stressful, especially when challenges arise. 4. My sister ________(obvious) has a talent for playing the piano. 5. ________(hopeful), we will arrive at the hotel before dark. 考点二：形容词与副词的基本用法 例1. He organized many ________(peace) protests, but he was put behind bars many times for doing so. 例2. Trains are________(rely), cheap and best for long­distance journeys. 例3. Three hundred people showed up for the ceremony, about 50 more than we had ________(origin) planned. 1. It is going to be ________(wind), so I won’t have a picnic with my friends. 2. We were ________(worry) about heavy traffic, so we left home a little earlier than usual. 3. To his mother’s anger, the boy was totally ________(aware) of the trouble he had caused. 4. After ________(care) consideration we have decided to offer you the job. 5. We are advised to walk and play in the ________(surround) countryside to release stress. 考点三：形容词与副词的比较等级 例1. The charming scenery and the hot spring baths combine to make the traveler’s stay there most ________(enjoy). 例2. The traffic was ________(busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. 例3. The roads in this old town are ________(narrow) than those in the modern city. 1. I can think of nothing ________(good) than a nice cold drink on a hot summer afternoon. 2. The ancient temple built in the 8th century is ________(impress) historical site that we have visited during our trip. 3. The heat will affect rails so the trains have to run ________(slow). There may be fewer services. People need to be on their guard for disruption. If they don’t have to travel, this may be a moment to work from home. 4. This morning he arrived at the office much ________(early) than before. 5. “Will you come to my graduation party?” “________(absolute)! I wouldn’t miss it!” 训练 一、单项选择 1. While the Eiffel Tower is a fantastic sight at any time, at night, it is _________. A. even more wonderful B. even much wonderfuler C. even more wonderfuler D. even much wonderful 2. —What do you think about the girl? —She is so ________ to her English teaching that I admire for her ________. A. devote; devote B. devoting; devotion C. devoted; devotion D. devoted; devote 3. The more words you are familiar with, ________ you will find it ________ the content and meaning of the article. A. the more easy; to understand B. the easier; to understand C. the more easy; understanding D. the easier; understanding 4. After hundreds of failed experiments, Tu Youyou and her team ________ discovered artemisinin, the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria(疟疾). A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 5. The houses of rich and important people were very large and ________ decorated while poor people’s houses were smaller and plainer. A. beautifully B. beautiful C. beauty D. beautify 6. Of all the magazines, he likes The World of English ________. A. better B. best C. well 7. The money you provided helped him, but the emotional support helped _________. A. much more B. more much C. much most D. most much 8. Thanks for your direction to the house; we wouldn’t have found it ________. A. otherwise B. thus C. besides D. however 9. The boy played the piano so ________ that all the audience stood up and clapped their hands. A. good B. well C. better D. best 10. Diana got lost. She knew she was ________ in the park, but not exactly where. A. nowhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. everywhere 二、单句语法填空 1. ________(apparent), our class’s plan for the school culture festival has won the teacher’s approval. 2. To his mother’s anger, the boy was totally ________(aware) of the trouble he had caused. 3. Jack is very________(rely) — if he promises to do something, he will do it. 4. It was ________(challenge) because we had only less than two weeks for preparation. 5. Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become ________(increase) popular in the western world. 一、阅读理解 A (2025年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题)The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer! Roberts Community School Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, woodwind and brass(铜管乐器). School of Rock — Rochester With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing musical experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage. Eastman Community Music School The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp: Private lessons are also available for all ages, levels; instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School Bach to Rock Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instruments of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary. 1. Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing? A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock — Rochester. C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School. 2. What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps? A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience. C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can record music. 3. Who are the music camps mainly intended for? A. Rochester artists. B. Local families. C. School students. D. experienced teachers. 4. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To compare four music schools. B. To encourage students to be music stars. C. To introduce some music summer camps. D. To show the music resources in Rochester. B (2025年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)I’ve always liked designing things. I remember drawing clothes and shoes when I was eight, and I made my first skirt aged nine. Then three years ago, I began making shoes, and I now spend my free time doing that. I became interested in making shoes when my cousin told me about an online shoe-making course. I immediately asked my mum to book me on a four-day course in London to see if I liked it, and then I did a ten-day course there in the summer holidays. I love the courses. On the longer one, I made four pairs of shoes! I couldn’t believe it. The teachers were excellent. That’s what was best about the classes. They made us work really hard but they wanted all their students to have fun, too. I’ve made about 15 pairs of shoes now. At the moment I’m making a pair of trainers(运动鞋) using an old pair of jeans, but I’ve used all kinds of different things before, from old leather handbags to old cotton dresses! Making shoes has changed my plans for the future. I know now that I want to be a designer, but not a shoe designer. I’ve decided I’ll do home design. I’ve designed lots of shoes and also some clothes, so I’d like to try something new. 5. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She began making shoes three years ago. B. She made her first skirt at the age of eight. C. She booked a four-day course in the summer holidays. D. She told her cousin about an online shoe-making course. 6. What did the writer like most about the courses? A. The classes were given online. B. She enjoyed staying in London. C. The teachers there were excellent. D. She made about 15 pairs of shoes. 7. What material is the writer using for trainers now? A. Old skirts. B. Old cotton dresses. C. Old jeans. D. Old leather handbags. 8. What would the writer like to be in the future? A. A shoe designer. B. A home designer. C. A course designer. D. A clothes designer. C (2024-2025学年广东省肇庆市四会市华侨中学高三学业水平英语模拟试题(七))Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant(占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue, but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 9. The writer mentions home as workshop because________. A. fathers often pursue employment at home B. parents had to make food and necessities themselves for their daily life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers in most families are workers 10. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means________. A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 11. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ________. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 12. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family? ________ A. With their earning, mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choices of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. D (2024-2025学年湖南省株洲芦淞区高二下学期学业水平调研考试英语试题)Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism(机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones. It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships. It’s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic(巨大而突然的) swing that we don’t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty(新奇的事物). While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout. So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something we can learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lies to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives. 13. What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more? A. The familiarity principle. B. The advertising cost. C. The improved service. D. The law of the market. 14. What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Our preferences affect our decisions. B. There can be a mismatch between desires and actions. C. The familiarity principle is a double-edged sword. D. Familiarity tends to generate disrespect. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards the solution in some articles? A. Objective. B. Favorable. C. Disapproving. D. Tolerant. 16. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Gently Expand Your Familiarity Zone B. Step Out Of Your Familiarity Zone C. Spare A Thought For Your Preference D. Give Priority To The Mere Exposure Effect E (北京市2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble(泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed(海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution(化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 17. The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A. answer a question B. express an opinion C. present a problem D. provide an example 18. What is Ooho? A. A protective skin. B. Bubbled water. C. A chemical solution. D. Plastic material. 19. What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Functions. B. Wonders. C. Purposes. D. Weaknesses. 20. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Water That You Can Eat B. Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C. Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D. Bubbles to Improve Our Health 二、完形填空 (2023年湖北省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟英语试题(二))Elliott Tanner is 13. He goes to school, and plays with friends. What makes this teenager 21 is that his school is a university and his 22 is physics. This young and 23 boy may be on his way to advancing the world of science and is 24 others along the way. Elliott’s parents started to 25 their son’s talent when he was very young. He displayed 26 math and reading skills at the age of three. By the time he entered showed kindergarten, his parents realized that he needed more than a traditional 27 . And so Elliott Tanner was taught at home, and 28 information at an astonishingly quick rate. When he discovered the world of physics, his eyes opened even wider as he was inspired to learn the 29 from the world. Elliott 30 in May 2020 at the age of 11 with an Associate of Science degree. He continued studying, recently 31 his master of Science degree on May 12, 2022. The next 32 is a PhD, but since the university did not offer funding, his family decided to 33 their son. They reached out to the world by 34 a GoFundMe page. People began to donate a large amount of money. Elliott now has the expenses to 35 two years of the program. 21. A. different B. popular C. addicted 22. A. weakness B. stress C. hobby 23. A. clever B. naughty C. slim 24. A. confusing B. cheating C. inspiring 25. A. recognize B. ignore C. control 26. A. careful B. great C. missing 27. A. present B. rule C. education 28. A. provided B. stored C. consumed 29. A. secrets B. pioneers C. strangers 30. A. graduated B. died C. married 31. A. quitting B. obtaining C. cancelling 32. A. scene B. service C. step 33. A. help B. direct C. calm 34. A. promising B. founding C. praising 35. A. repeat B. cover C. check 三、语法填空 (2024-2025学年海南省高三学业水平诊断(四))In recent years, Chinese food culture has been increasingly sought after by foreigners. Among many Chinese foods, Yunnan Cross-Bridge Rice Noodles is a traditional and highly distinctive local food with various origin stories. One popular legend dates back to the Qing Dynasty, 36 a scholar from Mengzi, Yunnan, studied hard on a small island. One day, his wife prepared chicken soup, sliced meat, and rice noodles. She noticed the thick layer of oil on the soup kept it hot for a long time. After she added the meat slices, they cooked quickly, and the rice noodles were 37 (exceptional) delicious. She continued to use this method 38 crossed a long bridge to deliver meals to her husband. Then the dish got the name “Cross-Bridge Rice Noodles”. The main ingredient is rice noodles 39 (make) by hand. They are repeatedly pulled and cut. The soup base is the soul of it. People cook chicken, pork, and beef bones for a long period, which results 40 a rich, flavorful, and nutritious broth(肉汤). It also features 41 unique eating method. First, the hot soup base 42 (pour) into a large bowl. Then, you add rice noodles, meat, vegetables, and other ingredients. Due to the high temperature of the soup, the ingredients cook quickly, 43 (reserve) their freshness and taste. Chili oil and pepper powder can be added 44 (enhance) the flavor according to personal preference. In Yunnan, many shops in Kunming, Dali, and Lijiang are well-known for their delicious taste and special preparation methods, and they have become a main 45 (attract) to numerous tourists. 四、应用文写作 (2024届广东省四会市华侨中学高三英语学业水平考试模拟卷)假如你叫李华，你的美国网友 Peter打篮球时意外受伤，请你用英文给他发一封电子邮件。主要内容包括：1. 询问病情；2. 介绍 一下你近期学校活动及学习情况；3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 字数控制在80-100词左右； 2. 不能出现真实的校名和姓名； 3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, How’s it going? I’m sorry to hear that. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 形容词、副词 ( 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一　形容词与副词的构成 I.形容词后缀 名词,动词转化为形容词 -able, -al, -ful, -ed, -ing -able, -ive, -ous, -some -y, -ern, -ish, -ic 【温馨提示】-ed形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；-ing形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰事或物。 II.副词后缀 名词,动词转化为形容词 直接加-ly 如：quick → quickly calm → calmly brave → bravely clear → clearly 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，变y 为i, 再加-ly 如：easy → easily heavy → heavily busy → busily happy → happily 词尾为-ble/ -le 的形容词，去掉e，再加-y gentle → gently terrible → terribly comfortable → comfortably 词尾为-ue 的形容词，去掉e，再加-y 词尾为-ll 的形容词，直接加-y 词尾为-ic 的形容词，直接加-ally 考点二　形容词与副词的基本用法 I.形容词的基本用法 (1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、(主语或宾语)补足语、状语等。 Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try.尽管它尝起来没有任何特殊的地方，但是还是值得一试。 【特别提示】 1.形容词作定语的后置规律：形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 2.多个形容词作定语的排序: (限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 (2)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来阳光的人。 【易错点拨】以-ly结尾的形容词，常见的有likely、friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly、deadly等等。 II.副词的基本用法 (1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。 (2)常考的连接性副词和句式：though“然而，可是”(用于句末)；meanwhile“在此期间”；therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”；moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”；besides“再说；此外”；however“然而”；instead“相反，代替”；anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”；otherwise“否则”。so/such…that… “如此……以至于”是常考句式。 The house was too expensive and too big. Besides, I'd grown fond of our little rented house.这个房子太贵、太大了。再说，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。 Ⅲ.易用错的几类副词 (1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费地)/freely(自由地)、hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不)、late(晚，迟)/lately(最近)、most(很；最)/mostly(主要地)、fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地)、near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等等。 (2)同根副词加-ly和不加-ly 有些副词不加-ly与其形容词表达的含义是一样的，而加了-ly之后的副词，其词义往往发生改变，具有抽象意义，表示程度。 close靠近地　closely密切地，仔细地 hard努力地　hardly几乎不 late晚，迟　lately最近，不久前 most最，极其　mostly通常，主要地 wide指距离宽　widely广泛地 deep指具体深度　deeply深深地，非常，强烈地 high指具体高度　highly高度地，非常 考点三　形容词与副词的比较等级 I.形容词与副词的比较等级的构成 形容词与副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词与副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1. 规则变化 词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节 词和少 数双音 节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest 以e结尾的，只加-r或-st nice nicer nicest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双 音节词 和多音 节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult 【温馨提示】表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent、extreme、perfect等等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad (badly)/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest II.形容词与副词的比较等级的用法 1. 平级比较 (1)用as…as…、not…as/so…as引导 Henry does not have as/so many books as I have.亨利的书不如我的多。 (2)as＋形容词＋as＋数量词＝数量词＋形容词 The building is as tall as 100 meters.＝The building is 100 meters tall.这幢楼有100米高。 2. 表示比较的特殊结构 (1)表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时，用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……就越……”。 The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越感到高兴。 (2)不与其他事物相比较，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们学校变得越来越漂亮了。 (3)表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。 You are no taller than I.你和我一样矮。 3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式 (1)否定式谓语＋比较级 (2)比较级＋than any other＋单数名词 (3)比较级＋than all the other＋复数名词 (4)比较级＋than anyone/anything else (5)比较级＋than any of the other＋复数名词 (6)比较级＋than the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 I have never spent a more worrying day. 这是我度过的最令人焦虑的一天。 Every morning he arrives earlier than any other student in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than all the other students in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than anyone else in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than any of the other students in the class. ＝Every morning he arrives earlier than the rest of students in the class. 每天早上他都是班里来得最早的学生。 4. 最高级的句型 (1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语 She is the most active student in our class. 她是我们班最活跃的学生。 (2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. ＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我国最大的城市之一。 (3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 5. 比较级和最高级的修饰语 (1)修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather、much、still、even、a lot、a little、a great deal、(by) far、a bit等。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们比以前学习更努力了。 (2)常用的最高级的修饰语有by far、nearly、almost、by no means、not really以及序数词等。 I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买便宜一点的照相机。 【温馨提示】by far通常用来修饰最高级，但也可修饰比较级。修饰比较级时，一般放在比较级后面；若在前面，应在两者之间加the。 The book is better by far than that one. 这本书要比那本书好得多。 He is by far the taller of the two brothers. 他是两兄弟中较高的那一个。 6. 倍数表达法 (1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as (2)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than (3)倍数＋the＋名词＋of (4)倍数＋what… Our classroom is three times as large as theirs. ＝Our classroom is twice larger than theirs. ＝Our classroom is three times the size of theirs. 我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。 The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago. 这条路的长度是三年前的四倍。 【温馨提示】用…times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double。 考点一　形容词与副词的构成 例1. The charming scenery and the hot spring baths combine to make the traveler’s stay there most ________(enjoy). 【答案】enjoyable     【详解】考查形容词。句意：迷人的风景和温泉浴相结合，使旅行者在那里度过了最愉快的时光。这是一个最高级形式，most修饰形容词，故填形容词enjoyable“令人愉快的”作宾补，故填enjoyable。 例2. The secretary arranged a(n) ________(convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an interview. 【答案】convenient 【详解】考查形容词。句意：秘书为申请人安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。空处修饰名词time，用形容词形式convenient“方便的”，作定语，故填convenient。 例3. I am not sure exactly how much money you will receive, but it will ________(rough) cover your major expense. 【答案】roughly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我不确定你会收到多少钱，但大致可以支付你的主要开支。空处修饰动词cover，用副词形式，故填roughly。 1. You must be ________(delight) with your current form and the way RealMadrid are playing at the moment. 【答案】delighted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你一定对自己的当前状态以及皇家马德里目前的表现感到非常高兴。根据句意及所给词可知可知，空处应填形容词delighted，作表语，be delighted with是固定用法，意思是“对……感到高兴”。故填delighted。 2. I am always attentive in all classes and think ________(active). 【答案】actively 【详解】考查副词。句意：每节课我都很专心，思维活跃。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，用副词修饰。故填actively。 3. ________(unfortunate), being a doctor can be stressful, especially when challenges arise. 【答案】Unfortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，当医生是有压力的，尤其是当挑战出现的时候。句中用副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子。根据句意，故填Unfortunately。 4. My sister ________(obvious) has a talent for playing the piano. 【答案】obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：我妹妹显然有弹钢琴的天赋。此处修饰动词has，应用副词，作状语。故填obviously。 5. ________(hopeful), we will arrive at the hotel before dark. 【答案】Hopefully 【详解】考查副词。句意：但愿我们能在天黑前到达旅馆。分析句子结构，空处修饰整个句子，作状语，需填副词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Hopefully。 考点二：形容词与副词的基本用法 例1. He organized many ________(peace) protests, but he was put behind bars many times for doing so. 【答案】peaceful/peace 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他阻止了几次和平抗议，但却因此多次被关进监狱。此处作定语，修饰名词protests，可以用形容词peaceful“和平的”，也可以用名词peace“和平”作定语。故填peaceful/peace。 例2. Trains are________(rely), cheap and best for long­distance journeys. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：火车可靠、便宜，最适合长途旅行。分析句子可知，空处缺少形容词作表语，rely对应的形容词为reliable，意思为：可靠的。故填reliable。 例3. Three hundred people showed up for the ceremony, about 50 more than we had ________(origin) planned. 【答案】originally 【详解】考查副词。句意：参加典礼的人有三百人，比我们原计划的多五十人左右。修饰动词plan应用副词originally，作状语。故填originally。 1. It is going to be ________(wind), so I won’t have a picnic with my friends. 【答案】windy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天会刮风，所以我不能和我的朋友去野餐了。be动词后接形容词作表语。根据句意，故填windy。 2. We were ________(worry) about heavy traffic, so we left home a little earlier than usual. 【答案】worried 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们很担心交通拥挤，所以我们离家比平时早了一点。空格处用形容词作表语，此处表示“我们很担心”，应用ed结尾的形容词worried来修饰主语we，表示人的感觉，意为“担心的”，故填worried。 3. To his mother’s anger, the boy was totally ________(aware) of the trouble he had caused. 【答案】unaware 【详解】考查形容词。句意：令他母亲生气的是，男孩完全没有意识到他造成的麻烦。be unaware of(没有意识到)，用形容词unaware作表语。故填unaware。 4. After ________(care) consideration we have decided to offer you the job. 【答案】careful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经仔细考虑后，我们决定聘用你。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作名词consideration的定语，再结合句意“仔细的”是careful。故填careful。 5. We are advised to walk and play in the ________(surround) countryside to release stress. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有人建议我们在周围的乡村散步和玩耍，以释放压力。surrounding意为“周围的”，形容词，作定语修饰countryside，故填surrounding。 考点三：形容词与副词的比较等级 例1. The charming scenery and the hot spring baths combine to make the traveler’s stay there most ________(enjoy). 【答案】enjoyable     【详解】考查形容词。句意：迷人的风景和温泉浴相结合，使旅行者在那里度过了最愉快的时光。这是一个最高级形式，most修饰形容词，故填形容词enjoyable“令人愉快的”作宾补，故填enjoyable。 例2. The traffic was ________(busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. 【答案】busier 【详解】考查比较级。句意：交通比平时繁忙，公共汽车上的人也多了。根据后文than usual可知应用比较级。故填busier。 例3. The roads in this old town are ________(narrow) than those in the modern city. 【答案】narrower 【详解】考查比较级。句意：这座古老城镇的街道比现代城市的街道要狭窄得多。在句中作表语，根据后文than可知，应用形容词比较级narrower，故填narrower。 1. I can think of nothing ________(good) than a nice cold drink on a hot summer afternoon. 【答案】better 【详解】考查形容词比较级。 句意：在炎热的夏日午后，我想不出比一杯冰爽的饮料更好的东西了。句中than是比较级的标志性词，提示需用形容词的比较级形式；good的比较级为不规则变化，即better，故填better。   2. The ancient temple built in the 8th century is ________(impress) historical site that we have visited during our trip. 【答案】the most impressive 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这座建于8世纪的古寺是我们此行中参观过的最令人印象深刻的历史遗迹。空处修饰名词短语historical site，需用形容词；结合that we have visited during our trip可知，此处暗含范围比较，需用形容词最高级；impress的形容词形式为impressive，其最高级是the most impressive，符合语境。故填the most impressive。 3. The heat will affect rails so the trains have to run ________(slow). There may be fewer services. People need to be on their guard for disruption. If they don’t have to travel, this may be a moment to work from home. 【答案】slower 【详解】考查副词的比较级。句意：高温会对铁轨造成影响，因此列车不得不以更慢的速度行驶。列车班次可能会减少。人们需对可能出现的交通中断提高警惕。如果无需出行，这或许是一个居家办公的好时机。根据后面的fewer可知，此空指火车速度跑地更慢，故用slow的比较级slower。故填slower。 4. This morning he arrived at the office much ________(early) than before. 【答案】earlier 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：今天早上他到办公室比以前早多了。根据句中比较级的标志词than和语意可知，此处应用early的比较级形式earlier作状语，修饰动词arrived，表示“更早地达到”。故填earlier。 5. “Will you come to my graduation party?” “________(absolute)! I wouldn’t miss it!” 【答案】Absolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：“你会来参加我的毕业派对吗？” “当然！我绝对不会错过！”此处表示肯定回复，意为“当然”用副词absolutely，句首单词首字母大写。故填Absolutely。 训练 一、单项选择 1. While the Eiffel Tower is a fantastic sight at any time, at night, it is _________. A. even more wonderful B. even much wonderfuler C. even more wonderfuler D. even much wonderful 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然埃菲尔铁塔在任何时候都是一个美妙的景象，但在晚上，它甚至更美妙。设空处接在is后作表语，应用形容词，根据选项可知是wonderful，根据句意可知含有比较的意思，应用比较级，wonderful是多音节词，比较级是more wonderful，前面可以用even修饰，故选A。 2. —What do you think about the girl? —She is so ________ to her English teaching that I admire for her ________. A. devote; devote B. devoting; devotion C. devoted; devotion D. devoted; devote 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：——你觉得那个女孩怎么样？——她对英语教学如此投入，我很钦佩她的投入。第一空用形容词作表语，devoted是形容词，意为“挚爱的，忠诚的”，for后要跟名词devotion，因此第二空是devotion。故选C。 3. The more words you are familiar with, ________ you will find it ________ the content and meaning of the article. A. the more easy; to understand B. the easier; to understand C. the more easy; understanding D. the easier; understanding 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词比较级的用法和不定式作宾语。句意：你熟悉的单词越多，你就会发现理解文章的内容和意思越容易。“The +比较级，the +比较级” 表示“越……，越……”，“更容易”为easier。find it easy to do sth … ，it 作形式宾语，to do 为真正的宾语，故选B。 4. After hundreds of failed experiments, Tu Youyou and her team ________ discovered artemisinin, the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria(疟疾). A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，屠呦呦和她的团队成功地发现了青蒿素，这是世界上最有效的抗疟疾药物。此处应用副词successfully作状语，修饰动词discovered，故选D。 5. The houses of rich and important people were very large and ________ decorated while poor people’s houses were smaller and plainer. A. beautifully B. beautiful C. beauty D. beautify 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词。句意：富人和重要人物的房子非常大，装饰得很漂亮，而穷人的房子则更小，更朴素。A. beautifully漂亮地(副词)；B. beautiful漂亮的(形容词)；C. beauty漂亮(名词)；D. beautify使美丽(动词)。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词decorated，所以此处使用副词beautifully，意为“漂亮地”，符合句意。故选A项。 6. Of all the magazines, he likes The World of English ________. A. better B. best C. well 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词最高级。句意：在所有杂志中，他最喜欢《英语世界》。 A.better 更好地； B.best最好地；C.well 好地。根据Of all the magazines可知，此处是指三者或者三者以上的范围，修饰动词likes，故用副词的最高级best。故选B项。 7. The money you provided helped him, but the emotional support helped _________. A. much more B. more much C. much most D. most much 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：你提供的钱帮助了他，但情感上的支持帮助更大。分析可知，动词“helped”应是用程度副词“much(多地；非常)”修饰，作状语；同时结合前文语境可推知，有将“the emotional support(情感支持)”与“The money you provided(你提供的钱)”比较含义，情感上的支持帮助了更多。因此应是用“much”的比较级“more”，该比较级可由副词“much(很大程度上)”修饰，置于比较级之前，即“much more”。故选A项。 8. Thanks for your direction to the house; we wouldn’t have found it ________. A. otherwise B. thus C. besides D. however 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你指引我去那所房子；否则我们就找不到了。A. otherwise否则；B. thus因此；C. besides此外，况且；D. however然而。结合语境，空处表示“否则”，应用副词otherwise作状语。故选A项。 9. The boy played the piano so ________ that all the audience stood up and clapped their hands. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词。句意：那男孩钢琴弹得很好，以至于所有的观众都站起来鼓掌。A. good好的；B. well好地；C. better更好的，为比较级；D. best最好的，为最高级。分析可知，so+形容词/副词+that表示太……以至于……。修饰动词“played”应该用副词，且此句中没有比较级和最高级的含义，故选B。 10. Diana got lost. She knew she was ________ in the park, but not exactly where. A. nowhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. everywhere 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：戴安娜迷路了。她知道自己在公园的某个地方，但不知道具体在哪里。A. nowhere无处，任何地方都不；B. somewhere在某处，到某处；C. anywhere无论何处，在任何地方；D. everywhere到处。根据but not exactly where可知她在公园里，只是不知道在具体哪处。故选B项。 二、单句语法填空 1. ________(apparent), our class’s plan for the school culture festival has won the teacher’s approval. 【答案】Apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，我们班的学校文化节计划已经得到了老师的认可。空处修饰整个句子，副词apparently符合题意，意为“显然，明显地”，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Apparently。 2. To his mother’s anger, the boy was totally ________(aware) of the trouble he had caused. 【答案】unaware 【详解】考查形容词。句意：令他母亲生气的是，男孩完全没有意识到他造成的麻烦。be unaware of(没有意识到)，用形容词unaware作表语。故填unaware。 3. Jack is very________(rely) — if he promises to do something, he will do it. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：杰克很可靠——如果他答应做某事，他就会去做。根据“if he promises to do something, he will do it”可知，此处是指杰克很可靠，所以应用形容词reliable表示“可靠的”作表语。故填reliable。 4. It was ________(challenge) because we had only less than two weeks for preparation. 【答案】challenging 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这很有挑战性，因为我们只有不到两周的准备时间。根据前文It was可知，此处应用其形容词challenging“挑战性的，具有挑战性的”作表语，符合句意。故填challenging。 5. Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become ________(increase) popular in the western world. 【答案】increasingly 【详解】考查副词。句意：在西方世界，吃茶点或点心是一种越来越流行的做法。空处修饰形容词，用副词increasingly，作状语。故填increasingly。 一、阅读理解 A (2025年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题)The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer! Roberts Community School Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, woodwind and brass(铜管乐器). School of Rock — Rochester With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing musical experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage. Eastman Community Music School The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp: Private lessons are also available for all ages, levels; instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School Bach to Rock Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instruments of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary. 1. Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing? A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock — Rochester. C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School. 2. What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps? A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience. C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can record music. 3. Who are the music camps mainly intended for? A. Rochester artists. B. Local families. C. School students. D. experienced teachers. 4. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To compare four music schools. B. To encourage students to be music stars. C. To introduce some music summer camps. D. To show the music resources in Rochester. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于四个音乐夏令营的介绍。 1. 细节理解题。根据School of Rock—Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage. (我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备。)”可知，这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio Full or half-day camps are available. (每周的夏令营都有机会在我们的工作室录音，全天或半天的夏令营都可以选择。)”可知，Bach to Rock Music Camps的特殊之处在于它们可以录制音乐，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据Roberts Community School部分中“It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele choir. (它提供两个为期7周的幼儿班、钢琴探索和尤克里里合唱团。)”、School of Rock—Rochester部分中“With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. (摇滚学校为所有年龄段和技能水平的孩子提供营地选择，是您孩子完美的夏季活动。)”；Eastman Community Music School部分中“The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students (伊士曼社区音乐学校今年夏天为中学生和高中生提供不同的日间课程和通宵音乐营)”以及Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students (我们的夏令营是为学生设计的)”可知，学校学生可以参加文中介绍的音乐夏令营。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer! (在夏天，大罗切斯特地区充满了学习和表演音乐的机会！)”并结合本文主要介绍了四个音乐夏令营可知，本文的目的是介绍与音乐有关的夏令营，故选C。 B (2025年陕西省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)I’ve always liked designing things. I remember drawing clothes and shoes when I was eight, and I made my first skirt aged nine. Then three years ago, I began making shoes, and I now spend my free time doing that. I became interested in making shoes when my cousin told me about an online shoe-making course. I immediately asked my mum to book me on a four-day course in London to see if I liked it, and then I did a ten-day course there in the summer holidays. I love the courses. On the longer one, I made four pairs of shoes! I couldn’t believe it. The teachers were excellent. That’s what was best about the classes. They made us work really hard but they wanted all their students to have fun, too. I’ve made about 15 pairs of shoes now. At the moment I’m making a pair of trainers(运动鞋) using an old pair of jeans, but I’ve used all kinds of different things before, from old leather handbags to old cotton dresses! Making shoes has changed my plans for the future. I know now that I want to be a designer, but not a shoe designer. I’ve decided I’ll do home design. I’ve designed lots of shoes and also some clothes, so I’d like to try something new. 5. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She began making shoes three years ago. B. She made her first skirt at the age of eight. C. She booked a four-day course in the summer holidays. D. She told her cousin about an online shoe-making course. 6. What did the writer like most about the courses? A. The classes were given online. B. She enjoyed staying in London. C. The teachers there were excellent. D. She made about 15 pairs of shoes. 7. What material is the writer using for trainers now? A. Old skirts. B. Old cotton dresses. C. Old jeans. D. Old leather handbags. 8. What would the writer like to be in the future? A. A shoe designer. B. A home designer. C. A course designer. D. A clothes designer. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对设计的热爱以及从制作衣物到制作鞋子，并最终确定未来职业方向的经历。 5. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Then three years ago, I began making shoes, and I now spend my free time doing that.(三年前，我开始制作鞋子，现在我把业余时间都用来做这个。)”可知，从前两段我们可以知道作者三年前开始做鞋。故选A。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The teachers were excellent. That’s what was best about the classes.(老师们都很优秀。这就是课程最好的地方。)”可知，作者最喜欢这些课程的一点是那里的老师很优秀。故选C。 7. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At the moment I’m making a pair of trainers (运动鞋) using an old pair of jeans, but I’ve used all kinds of different things before, from old leather handbags to old cotton dresses!(目前我正在用一条旧牛仔裤做一双运动鞋，但我以前用过各种不同的东西，从旧皮革手袋到旧棉质连衣裙！)”可知，作者现在用旧牛仔裤做运动鞋，故选C。 8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’ve decided I’ll do home design.(我决定做家居设计。)”可知，作者将来想成为家居设计师。故选B。 C (2024-2025学年广东省肇庆市四会市华侨中学高三学业水平英语模拟试题(七))Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant(占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue, but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 9. The writer mentions home as workshop because________. A. fathers often pursue employment at home B. parents had to make food and necessities themselves for their daily life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers in most families are workers 10. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means________. A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 11. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ________. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 12. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family? ________ A. With their earning, mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choices of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述如今父母为孩子做事减少，家庭不再像作坊；父亲少在家工作，子女就业选择多，母亲外出工作普遍，父亲不再是家庭主导。 9. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room.(如今父母为孩子做的事比过去少得多，家庭也不再那么像一个作坊了。衣服可以买到现成的；洗衣服可以去洗衣房；食物可以买到；煮熟、罐装或腌制；面包由面包师烘烤和送来；牛奶送到了门口；肉类可以在餐厅、工作餐厅和学校餐厅享用。)”可知，过去家庭像“作坊”是因为父母需要亲手制作衣物、食物等日常生活必需品，而现在这些都能外购。故选B项。 10. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop.(如今父母为孩子做的事比过去少得多，家庭也不再那么像一个作坊了。)”可知，“home has become much less of a workshop”意为“家庭不像作坊的程度比过去高”，即“过去家庭更像一个作坊”。故选A项。 11. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls.(因此，男孩很少被培养去从事父亲的职业，而且在许多城镇，他们有相当广泛的就业选择，女孩也是如此。)”可知，男孩很少继承父业的主要原因是他们有更多的就业选择。故选C项。 12. 细节理解题。根据第二段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant (占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. (由于母亲有收入，大一点的孩子也能挣不少工资，父亲不再像本世纪初那样是家庭中占主导地位的人物了。)”可知，母亲和孩子有了收入，不再依赖父亲生活，这使得父亲不再是家庭中唯一的主导者。故选A项。 D (2024-2025学年湖南省株洲芦淞区高二下学期学业水平调研考试)Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism(机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones. It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships. It’s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic(巨大而突然的) swing that we don’t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty(新奇的事物). While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout. So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something we can learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lies to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives. 13. What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more? A. The familiarity principle. B. The advertising cost. C. The improved service. D. The law of the market. 14. What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Our preferences affect our decisions. B. There can be a mismatch between desires and actions. C. The familiarity principle is a double-edged sword. D. Familiarity tends to generate disrespect. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards the solution in some articles? A. Objective. B. Favorable. C. Disapproving. D. Tolerant. 16. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Gently Expand Your Familiarity Zone B. Step Out Of Your Familiarity Zone C. Spare A Thought For Your Preference D. Give Priority To The Mere Exposure Effect 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，并提出了一种平衡的观点来看待这个原则，而不是将其视为阻碍，作者建议我们可以通过逐步扩展熟悉区域来利用这一原则来促进创造性和成长。 13. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累。因此，除非我们有糟糕的经历，否则我们很可能会从我们已经习惯的公司购买股票。这就是为什么公司在广告和营销上花那么多钱，为什么保险公司公开向现有客户收取比新客户更高的费用)”可知，熟悉原则让保险公司向老客户收取更多费用。故选A。 14. 推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships.(这并不是说我们只想要已知的东西。一些研究表明，当被邀请分享我们的偏好时，我们有时会认为不太熟悉的选择更可取。但当我们按照这种偏好行事时，我们又回到了我们所知道的。这也许可以解释为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配。我们甚至可能回到过去对我们不好的公司，或者保持糟糕的关系)”可知，本段解释了为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配，也就是说有时候我们的欲望和行动可能不匹配。故选B。 15. 推理判断题。根据第三段“While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout.(虽然这在短期内看起来是有效的，但我们最终可能只是用一个问题代替另一个问题。它也有让人不堪重负和精疲力竭的风险。)”可知，这段话表明作者对文章中提出的解决方案持反对态度，认为这种解决方案可能只是暂时有效，而且可能带来新的问题和风险。因此，作者的态度是反对的。故选C。 16. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累)”以及最后一段“We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lies to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives.(我们可以一点一点地扩大熟悉的范围。如果我们认为熟悉是一种可以扩展的东西，我们可以考虑改变我们谎言内部和周围的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，让它生根发芽。从这里开始，我们将开始从不断加深的有价值的选择中做出决定)”可知，文章主要讨论了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，以及如何利用这一原则进行创新和拓展。文章强调了我们可以逐步扩大熟悉的范围，通过改变生活中的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，使其能够生根并温和地成长。因此，选项A“慢慢扩大你的熟悉范围”最能概括文章的主题。故选A。 E (2024-2025学年北京市高三上学期第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble(泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed(海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution(化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 17. The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A. answer a question B. express an opinion C. present a problem D. provide an example 18. What is Ooho? A. A protective skin. B. Bubbled water. C. A chemical solution. D. Plastic material. 19. What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Functions. B. Wonders. C. Purposes. D. Weaknesses. 20. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Water That You Can Eat B. Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C. Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D. Bubbles to Improve Our Health 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。 17. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down.(不幸的是，许多塑料水瓶都被扔掉了。这些瓶子可能需要几个世纪才能分解)”可推知，作者写第一段是为了呈现一个问题，即塑料要很长时间才能分解。故选C。 18. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡).(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里)”可知，Ooho是泡泡里的水。故选B。 19. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking.(例如，如果有人只想要一口水，Ooho就很棒。但如果这个人特别渴，想要更多呢？他们正在探索制造更大气泡的想法，同时也在寻找一种将几个气泡连接在一起的方法。该产品的另一个问题是如何用对环境安全的包装运输，同时仍能保护气泡不破裂)”可知，这三个设计师一直都在找出这个产品的缺点，并寻找解决办法。由此可知，划线词flaws的意思是“缺点”，和weaknesses意思相近。故选D。 20. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf- ball- sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed!(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里。你可以在它的皮肤上打一个洞，然后喝里面的水。你也可以把整个泡泡扔进嘴里——不需要瓶子！)”可知，本文主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。由此可知，最好的题目是A选项“Water That You Can Eat(你可以吃的水)”。故选A。 二、完形填空 (2023年湖北省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟英语试题(二))Elliott Tanner is 13. He goes to school, and plays with friends. What makes this teenager 21 is that his school is a university and his 22 is physics. This young and 23 boy may be on his way to advancing the world of science and is 24 others along the way. Elliott’s parents started to 25 their son’s talent when he was very young. He displayed 26 math and reading skills at the age of three. By the time he entered showed kindergarten, his parents realized that he needed more than a traditional 27 . And so Elliott Tanner was taught at home, and 28 information at an astonishingly quick rate. When he discovered the world of physics, his eyes opened even wider as he was inspired to learn the 29 from the world. Elliott 30 in May 2020 at the age of 11 with an Associate of Science degree. He continued studying, recently 31 his master of Science degree on May 12, 2022. The next 32 is a PhD, but since the university did not offer funding, his family decided to 33 their son. They reached out to the world by 34 a GoFundMe page. People began to donate a large amount of money. Elliott now has the expenses to 35 two years of the program. 21. A. different B. popular C. addicted 22. A. weakness B. stress C. hobby 23. A. clever B. naughty C. slim 24. A. confusing B. cheating C. inspiring 25. A. recognize B. ignore C. control 26. A. careful B. great C. missing 27. A. present B. rule C. education 28. A. provided B. stored C. consumed 29. A. secrets B. pioneers C. strangers 30. A. graduated B. died C. married 31. A. quitting B. obtaining C. cancelling 32. A. scene B. service C. step 33. A. help B. direct C. calm 34. A. promising B. founding C. praising 35. A. repeat B. cover C. check 【答案】 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 【导语】本文是新闻报道。介绍了天才少年Elliott Tanner，13岁取得物理硕士学位。 21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个少年的不同之处在于他的学校是一所大学，他的爱好是物理。A. different不同的；B. popular流行的；C. addicted上瘾的。根据前文“Elliott Tanner is 13”以及后文“his school is a university”可知，13岁去上大学，所以是使他不同。故选A项。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个少年的不同之处在于他的学校是一所大学，他的爱好是物理。A. weakness弱点；B. stress压力；C. hobby爱好。根据后文“is physics”可知，物理应该是爱好。故选C项。 23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻而聪明的男孩可能正在推动科学世界的发展，并在此过程中激励着其他人。A. clever聪明的；B. naughty淘气的；C. slim苗条的。根据前文内容可知Elliott，13岁就上大学了，并且喜欢物理，所以是聪明的男孩。故选A项。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻而聪明的男孩可能正在推动科学世界的发展，并在此过程中激励着其他人。A. confusing使迷惑；B. cheating作弊；C. inspiring激励。根据前文“may be on his way to advancing the world of science”可知，他才13岁却可能正在推动科学世界的发展，所以是激励着其他人。故选C项。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elliott的父母在他很小的时候就开始发现儿子的天赋。A. recognize意识到；B. ignore忽视；C. control操纵。根据后文“their son’s talent when he was very young.”可知，此处应是“很小的时候就意识到他儿子的天赋”符合语境。故选A项。 26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在三岁时就表现出了很强的数学和阅读能力。A. careful仔细的；B. great很强的；C. missing失踪的。根据前文“his 　22　 is physics.”以及“son’s talent”可知，他有很好数学能力。故选B项。 27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他进入幼儿园时，他的父母意识到他需要的不仅仅是传统的教育。A. present礼物；B. rule规则；C. education教育。根据前文“By the time he entered showed kindergarten”可知，此处是在讲教育问题。故选C项。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Elliott Tanner是在家接受教育的，他以惊人的速度吸收信息。A. provided提供；B. stored存储；C. consumed消耗。根据后文“at an astonishingly quick rate”可知，此处应是“惊人的速度吸收信息”符合语境。故选C项。 29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他发现了物理世界时，他的眼睛睁得更大了，因为他受到了启发，要从这个世界中学习秘密。A. secrets秘密；B. pioneers先驱；C. strangers陌生人。根据前文“When he discovered the world of physics”结合选项可知，物理应是从世界中发现秘密。故选A项。 30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elliott于2020年5月毕业，11岁，获得理学副学士学位。A. graduated毕业；B. died死亡；C. married结婚。根据后文“with an Associate of Science degree”可知，Elliott获得学位，所以是毕业了。故选A项。 31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续学习，最近于2022年5月12日获得理学硕士学位。A. quitting离开；B. obtaining获得；C. cancelling取消。根据后文“his master of Science degree”可知，学位应该是获得。故选B项。 32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：下一步是攻读博士学位，但由于学校没有提供资助，他的家人决定帮助他们的儿子。A. scene场景；B. service服务；C. step步。根据上文可知Elliott已获得硕士学位，再根据后文“is a PhD”可知，博士学位是下一步。故选C项。 33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一步是攻读博士学位，但由于学校没有提供资助，他的家人决定帮助他们的儿子。A. help帮助；B. direct指导；C. calm使平静。根据前文“but since the university did not offer funding”可知，学校没有提供资助，所以应该是他的家人决定帮助他。故选A项。 34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们通过在GoFundMe上建立了一个页面，向全世界伸出了求援之手。A. promising承诺；B. founding创建；C. praising赞扬。根据后文“a GoFundMe page”结合选项可知，页面应该是建立。故选B项。 35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elliott现在有足够的费用支付两年的项目费用。A. repeat重复；B. cover包括；C. check检查。根据前文“People began to donate a large amount of money.”可知，人们开始捐赠大量的钱，所以是有两年的项目费用。故选B项。 三、语法填空 (2024-2025学年海南省高三学业水平诊断(四)英语试题)In recent years, Chinese food culture has been increasingly sought after by foreigners. Among many Chinese foods, Yunnan Cross-Bridge Rice Noodles is a traditional and highly distinctive local food with various origin stories. One popular legend dates back to the Qing Dynasty, 36 a scholar from Mengzi, Yunnan, studied hard on a small island. One day, his wife prepared chicken soup, sliced meat, and rice noodles. She noticed the thick layer of oil on the soup kept it hot for a long time. After she added the meat slices, they cooked quickly, and the rice noodles were 37 (exceptional) delicious. She continued to use this method 38 crossed a long bridge to deliver meals to her husband. Then the dish got the name “Cross-Bridge Rice Noodles”. The main ingredient is rice noodles 39 (make) by hand. They are repeatedly pulled and cut. The soup base is the soul of it. People cook chicken, pork, and beef bones for a long period, which results 40 a rich, flavorful, and nutritious broth(肉汤). It also features 41 unique eating method. First, the hot soup base 42 (pour) into a large bowl. Then, you add rice noodles, meat, vegetables, and other ingredients. Due to the high temperature of the soup, the ingredients cook quickly, 43 (reserve) their freshness and taste. Chili oil and pepper powder can be added 44 (enhance) the flavor according to personal preference. In Yunnan, many shops in Kunming, Dali, and Lijiang are well-known for their delicious taste and special preparation methods, and they have become a main 45 (attract) to numerous tourists. 【答案】 36. when 37. exceptionally 38. and 39. made 40. in 41. a 42. is poured 43. reserving 44. to enhance 45. attraction 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了云南过桥米线的文化背景、起源传说、制作方法和独特吃法。 36. 考查定语从句。句意：一个流行的传说可以追溯到清朝，当时一位来自云南蒙自的学者在一个小岛上努力学习。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qing Dynasty，为时间，且空处在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 37. 考查副词。句意：她加了肉片后，很快就煮好了，米线特别好吃。空处修饰形容词delicious，应用副词exceptionally“非常”，作状语。故填exceptionally。 38. 考查连词。句意：她继续使用这种方法，穿过一座长桥给丈夫送饭。continued和crossed是并列的动作，应用and连接。故填and。 39. 考查非谓语动词。句意：主要配料是手工制作的米线。空处修饰rice noodles，二者之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填made。 40. 考查介词。句意：人们将鸡肉、猪肉和牛骨炖很长时间，从而得到丰富、美味、营养的肉汤。根据句意可知，此处使用固定搭配result in“导致，结果是”。故填in。 41. 考查冠词。句意：它还具有独特的吃法。此处泛指“一种独特的吃法”，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 42. 考查动词语态。句意：首先，将热汤底倒入大碗中。句子描述客观步骤，应用一般现在时，the hot soup base和pour之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be动词使用is。故填is poured。 43. 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于汤的温度很高，食材煮得很快，保留了它们的新鲜度和味道。食材熟得快使得能够保持食材的鲜味，此处是自然而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填reserving。 44. 考查非谓语动词。句意：可以根据个人喜好添加辣椒油和胡椒粉来增强风味。添加辣椒油和胡椒粉是为了提升味道，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to enhance。 45. 考查名词。句意：在云南，昆明、大理和丽江的许多商店以其美味的味道和特殊的烹饪方法而闻名，已成为吸引众多游客的主要景点。此处作表语，应用名词attraction“有吸引力的地方”，空前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式。故填attraction。 四、应用文写作 (2024届广东省四会市华侨中学高三英语学业水平考试模拟卷)假如你叫李华，你的美国网友 Peter打篮球时意外受伤，请你用英文给他发一封电子邮件。主要内容包括：1. 询问病情；2. 介绍 一下你近期学校活动及学习情况；3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 字数控制在80-100词左右； 2. 不能出现真实的校名和姓名； 3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, How’s it going? I’m sorry to hear that. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, How’s it going? I’m sorry to hear that you got injured while playing basketball. You should have a good rest at home. And you’d better take care of yourself when you do sports. Everything goes well here! I enjoy great changes in my school. On the one hand, the teachers make their teaching styles colorful. In my science class, my teacher always encourages us to think, and cultivates our ability to study independently. On the other hand, we have plenty of time to try what we want to do. We had our School Day last week. There are different kinds of activities, such as speech contest, talent show, volunteering.... I took part in the English speech contest, and I won the first prize. I will send you some photos about my School Day if you like. Hope you’ll get better , and be back to your school as soon as possible. Best wishes! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给美国网友 Peter 发邮件，询问其打篮球意外受伤后的病情，介绍自身近期学校活动与学习情况，并表达康复祝愿。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累 受伤：injure → get hurt 照顾：take care of → look after 培养：cultivate → develop 充足的：plenty of → adequate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I took part in the English speech contest, and I won the first prize. 拓展句：I took part in the English speech contest, which I won the first prize in. 【点睛】 【高分句型 1】I’m sorry to hear that you got injured while playing basketball.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略以及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】I will send you some photos about my School Day if you like.(运用了 if 引导的条件状语从句) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $