内容正文:
译林版 选必4 Unit 3 Careers and skills.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
salary n. 薪金,薪水
复数:salaries
salaried adj. 拿薪水的
1. monthly salary(月薪)2. earn a salary(挣薪水)
He gets a high salary in the IT company.(他在这家科技公司薪水很高。)
2
labour (AmE labor) n. 劳工,劳动,(尤指)体力劳动;分娩期,分娩;vi. 努力做;干苦力活
复数:labours;过去式/过去分词:laboured
labourer n. 体力劳动者;labour-intensive adj. 劳动密集型的
1. manual labour(体力劳动)2. labour hard(辛勤劳动)
They spent the whole day doing heavy labour in the field.(他们一整天都在田里干重体力活。)
3
labour force (全公司或全国的)劳动力
无词形变化
无
1. a large labour force(庞大的劳动力)2. skilled labour force(熟练劳动力)
The country’s labour force is well-educated and hardworking.(这个国家的劳动力受过良好教育且勤奋。)
4
gear vt. 使适合于;n. 排挡,齿轮,传动装置
复数:gears;过去式/过去分词:geared
geared adj. 适合的;gearing n. 传动装置
1. gear to(使适合)2. gear up(准备就绪)
The training program is geared to new employees’ needs.(这个培训项目是为新员工的需求设计的。)
5
earn a living 谋生
无词形变化
无
1. earn a living by teaching(靠教书谋生)2. earn a living through hard work(靠辛勤工作谋生)
Her father earns a living as a freelance writer.(她父亲以自由撰稿人为生。)
6
attain vt. 获得;达到
过去式/过去分词:attained
attainment n. 成就;达到
1. attain a goal(实现目标)2. attain success(获得成功)
After years of effort, she attained her dream of being a doctor.(经过多年努力,她实现了成为医生的梦想。)
7
endeavour (AmE endeavor) vi. 努力,尽力;n. 努力,尝试
过去式/过去分词:endeavoured;复数:endeavours
endeavourer n. 努力者
1. endeavour to do(努力做某事)2. make an endeavour(努力尝试)
We must endeavour to finish the task before the deadline.(我们必须努力在截止日期前完成任务。)
8
passion n. 酷爱;强烈情感
不可数
passionate adj. 热情的;充满激情的
1. passion for music(对音乐的酷爱)2. burning passion(强烈的情感)
He has a great passion for classical literature.(他对古典文学有着浓厚的热爱。)
9
fond adj. 喜爱;be fond of 喜爱
比较级:more fond;最高级:most fond
fondness n. 喜爱;钟爱
1. be fond of reading(喜爱阅读)2. be fond of animals(喜欢动物)
My grandmother is fond of telling old stories.(我奶奶喜欢讲老故事。)
10
anticipate vt. 预料;预计
过去式/过去分词:anticipated
anticipation n. 预料;期待
1. anticipate difficulties(预料困难)2. anticipate doing sth.(预料做某事)
No one anticipated that the project would be completed so soon.(没人预料到这个项目会完成得这么快。)
11
status quo 现状,原来的状况
无词形变化
无
1. maintain the status quo(维持现状)2. change the status quo(改变现状)
Some people are reluctant to change the status quo.(有些人不愿意改变现状。)
12
superior adj. 更好的,占优势的;n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人
形容词无比较级;复数:superiors
superiority n. 优越性;优势
1. be superior to(比……更好)2. respect one's superiors(尊敬上级)
This brand of coffee is superior to others in taste.(这个品牌的咖啡在口感上优于其他品牌。)
13
prejudice n. 偏见,成见
不可数
prejudiced adj. 有偏见的
1. racial prejudice(种族偏见)2. overcome prejudice(克服偏见)
We should treat everyone equally without prejudice.(我们应该不带偏见地平等对待每个人。)
14
lawyer n. 律师
复数:lawyers
legal adj. 法律的;合法的
1. practicing lawyer(执业律师)2. criminal lawyer(刑事律师)
She hired a famous lawyer to handle her case.(她聘请了一位著名律师处理她的案子。)
15
servant n. 雇员,职员;仆人;public servant 公务员,公仆
复数:servants
servantless adj. 无仆人的
1. public servant(公务员)2. household servant(家仆)
Many young people want to become public servants.(很多年轻人想成为公务员。)
16
consultant n. 顾问;会诊医师
复数:consultants
consult vt. 咨询;请教;consultation n. 咨询
1. management consultant(管理顾问)2. medical consultant(医疗顾问)
The company invited a consultant to improve its operation.(公司邀请了一位顾问来改善运营。)
17
clerk n. 职员,簿记员,文书
复数:clerks
clerical adj. 文书的;办公室工作的
1. bank clerk(银行职员)2. office clerk(办公室文书)
He works as a clerk in a local government office.(他在当地政府办公室做文书工作。)
18
receptionist n. 接待员
复数:receptionists
reception n. 接待;接待处
1. hotel receptionist(酒店接待员)2. receptionist desk(接待台)
The receptionist greeted every guest with a smile.(接待员微笑着迎接每位客人。)
19
respective adj. 分别的,各自的
无比较级/最高级
respectively adv. 分别地;各自地
1. respective jobs(各自的工作)2. respective responsibilities(各自的责任)
After the meeting, they returned to their respective offices.(会议结束后,他们回到了各自的办公室。)
20
zone n. 地区;区域;comfort zone 舒适区,放松区
复数:zones
zonal adj. 区域的;分区的
1. comfort zone(舒适区)2. industrial zone(工业区)
Stepping out of your comfort zone helps you grow.(走出舒适区有助于你成长。)
21
operate vt. 操作,使运行;vi. 运转,工作;经营,营业
过去式/过去分词:operated
operation n. 操作;手术;经营
1. operate a machine(操作机器)2. operate a business(经营生意)
The new factory will begin to operate next month.(新工厂将于下月开始运营。)
22
hire vt. & vi. 聘用,雇用;租用;n. 新雇员;租借
过去式/过去分词:hired;复数:hires
hirable adj. 可雇用的;hireling n. 受雇者
1. hire employees(雇用员工)2. hire a car(租车)
The company plans to hire 30 new staff this year.(这家公司计划今年雇用30名新员工。)
23
leadership n. 领导应有的品质;领导地位
不可数
leader n. 领导者;leadership skills(领导技能)
1. strong leadership(强有力的领导力)2. under one's leadership(在某人的领导下)
The team achieved great results under her leadership.(在她的领导下,团队取得了优异成绩。)
24
weigh up 权衡,斟酌
无词形变化
无
1. weigh up pros and cons(权衡利弊)2. weigh up options(斟酌选项)
We need to weigh up all factors before making a decision.(我们需要权衡所有因素再做决定。)
25
receipt n. 收到的款项,收入;收据
复数:receipts
receive vt. 收到;接收
1. tax receipt(税收收入)2. keep a receipt(保留收据)
Can you provide a receipt for this payment?(你能为这笔付款提供收据吗?)
26
commercial adj. 商业的,贸易的;盈利的;商业性的
比较级:more commercial;最高级:most commercial
commerce n. 商业;贸易
1. commercial activity(商业活动)2. commercial value(商业价值)
This area has developed into a busy commercial center.(这个地区已发展成繁忙的商业中心。)
27
weekly adj. 每周的;adv. 每周地;n. 周报,周刊
形容词无比较级;副词无比较级;复数:weeklies
week n. 星期;周
1. weekly meeting(周会)2. weekly magazine(周刊)
We publish a weekly about campus life.(我们出版一份关于校园生活的周报。)
28
monthly adj. 每月的;adv. 每个月;n. 月刊
形容词无比较级;副词无比较级;复数:monthlies
month n. 月
1. monthly salary(月薪)2. monthly report(月报)
She writes a monthly report for the department.(她为部门写月报。)
29
budget n. 预算
复数:budgets
budgetary adj. 预算的
1. annual budget(年度预算)2. within the budget(在预算内)
The government announced its annual budget last week.(政府上周公布了年度预算。)
30
put sth on the line 让…处于危险之中
无词形变化
无
1. put reputation on the line(拿声誉冒险)2. put safety on the line(拿安全冒险)
He put his career on the line to support the new policy.(他为支持新政策不惜拿职业生涯冒险。)
31
loan n. 贷款,借款;借出;vt. 借出,贷与(尤指钱)
复数:loans;过去式/过去分词:loaned
loanable adj. 可借出的;loan shark(高利贷者)
1. bank loan(银行贷款)2. loan sb. money(借钱给某人)
She applied for a bank loan to buy a new house.(她申请了银行贷款买新房。)
32
client n. 客户,委托人
复数:clients
clientele n. 客户群;client service(客户服务)
1. regular client(常客)2. corporate client(企业客户)
The lawyer met with her clients to discuss the case.(律师会见了客户讨论案子。)
33
detective n. 侦探,警探;detective work 调查工作,研究工作
复数:detectives
detect vt. 发现;察觉;detection n. 侦查
1. private detective(私家侦探)2. detective story(侦探小说)
He is reading a thrilling detective story.(他正在读一本扣人心弦的侦探小说。)
34
subjective adj. 主观的
比较级:more subjective;最高级:most subjective
subject n. 主体;主观;subjectivity n. 主观性
1. subjective judgment(主观判断)2. subjective opinion(主观意见)
Art appreciation is often subjective.(艺术欣赏往往是主观的。)
35
directory n. 名录,电话号码簿,公司名录
复数:directories
direct vt. 指导;指挥;direction n. 方向
1. telephone directory(电话号码簿)2. company directory(公司名录)
I found his contact information in the company directory.(我在公司名录里找到了他的联系方式。)
36
plug vt. 补足,供给;堵塞,封堵;n. 插头;插座
过去式/过去分词:plugged;复数:plugs
plugged adj. 堵塞的;plug-in adj. 插入式的
1. plug in(插上电源)2. plug a hole(堵洞)
She plugged the charger into the socket.(她把充电器插上了插座。)
37
groundwork n. 基础工作,准备工作
不可数
无
1. lay the groundwork(奠定基础)2. do the groundwork(做准备工作)
The team did a lot of groundwork for the project.(团队为这个项目做了大量准备工作。)
38
premier adj. 最著名的,最成功的,第一的;n. 首相,总理
形容词无比较级;复数:premiers
无
1. premier league(超级联赛)2. prime minister(首相,同义)
The premier delivered a speech on national development.(总理就国家发展发表了讲话。)
39
institute n. 机构,机构建筑;vt. 建立,制定(体系、政策等)
复数:institutes;过去式/过去分词:instituted
institution n. 机构;制度
1. research institute(研究所)2. institute a policy(制定政策)
He works in a leading scientific research institute.(他在一家顶尖的科研机构工作。)
40
proportion n. 正确的比例;部分,份额;比例;体积,面积
复数:proportions
proportional adj. 成比例的;proportionally adv. 成比例地
1. in proportion(成比例)2. a large proportion of(大部分)
A large proportion of students choose to study abroad.(大部分学生选择出国留学。)
41
fabric n. 织物,布料
复数:fabrics
fabricate vt. 制造;捏造
1. cotton fabric(棉织物)2. silk fabric(丝织物)
This dress is made of high-quality natural fabric.(这条裙子是用优质天然面料做的。)
42
fibre (AmE fiber) n. 纤维制品;纤维素;纤维
复数:fibres
fibrous adj. 纤维状的;fibreboard(纤维板)
1. natural fibre(天然纤维)2. dietary fibre(膳食纤维)
Vegetables and fruits are rich in dietary fibre.(蔬菜和水果富含膳食纤维。)
43
qualification n. 资格,资历;学历;合格,达到标准
复数:qualifications
qualify vt. 使合格;qualified adj. 合格的
1. professional qualification(专业资格)2. meet the qualifications(符合资格)
She has all the necessary qualifications for the job.(她具备这份工作所需的所有资格。)
44
swing vi. & vt. (swung, swung) (使)改变;(使)摆动,摇摆;n. 改变;摆动;秋千
过去式/过去分词:swung;复数:swings
swinging adj. 摆动的;swingable adj. 可摆动的
1. swing back and forth(来回摆动)2. swing a bat(挥棒)
The children are playing on the swing in the park.(孩子们在公园里荡秋千。)
45
swing into action 立即行动起来,马上大干起来
无词形变化
无
1. swing into action quickly(迅速行动)2. swing into action after the alarm(警报后立即行动)
When the fire broke out, the firefighters swung into action.(火灾发生时,消防员立即行动起来。)
46
label n. 标签;(不恰当的)称谓;vt. 贴标签于;(尤指不公正地)把…称为
复数:labels;过去式/过去分词:labeled
labeling n. 贴标签;labeled adj. 带标签的
1. price label(价格标签)2. label as(把……称为)
The bottle is labeled "keep away from children".(瓶子上标着“远离儿童”。)
47
candidate n. 候选人;应试者;被认定适合者
复数:candidates
candidacy n. 候选资格;candidate for(……的候选人)
1. presidential candidate(总统候选人)2. job candidate(求职者)
There are five candidates for the manager position.(经理职位有五名候选人。)
48
gain the upper hand 处于有利地位,有优势
无词形变化
无
1. gain the upper hand in the game(在比赛中占优势)2. gain the upper hand in negotiations(在谈判中占上风)
Our team gained the upper hand in the second half.(我们队在下半场占据了优势。)
49
applicant n. 申请人
复数:applicants
apply vt. 申请;application n. 申请
1. job applicant(求职者)2. college applicant(大学申请者)
The company received over 200 applicants for the position.(这个职位收到了200多名申请者。)
50
prior adj. 在前的;优先的,占先的;prior to 在…之前
无比较级/最高级
priority n. 优先权;prioritize vt. 优先处理
1. prior to(在……之前)2. prior experience(先前的经验)
Please submit the report prior to next Monday.(请在下周一之前提交报告。)
51
profile n. 概述;形象;侧面轮廓;vt. 概述,写简介
复数:profiles;过去式/过去分词:profiled
profiling n. 概述;画像
1. user profile(用户画像)2. profile a company(概述公司情况)
The magazine published a profile of the famous scientist.(杂志刊登了这位著名科学家的简介。)
52
criterion n. (pl. criteria) 标准,准则
复数:criteria
criterial adj. 标准的;criterion for(……的标准)
1. evaluation criterion(评价标准)2. meet the criteria(符合标准)
Hard work is an important criterion for success.(努力是成功的重要标准。)
53
concisely adv. 简明地,简练地,简洁地
无比较级/最高级
concise adj. 简明的;简洁的
1. express concisely(简明表达)2. speak concisely(说话简洁)
He explained the complex theory concisely in ten minutes.(他用十分钟简明地解释了这个复杂的理论。)
54
shave n. 刮脸,剃须;vi. & vt. 剃(须发),刮脸
过去式/过去分词:shaved;复数:shaves
shaver n. 剃须刀;shaving n. 刮脸
1. have a shave(刮脸)2. shave off(剃掉)
He shaves every morning before going to work.(他每天早上上班前刮脸。)
55
refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的,精神振作的
比较级:more refreshed;最高级:most refreshed
refresh vt. 使恢复精力;refreshing adj. 令人提神的
1. feel refreshed(感到精神振作)2. get refreshed(恢复精力)
A short walk after lunch made me feel refreshed.(午饭后散步片刻让我感到精神振作。)
56
mode n. 方式,风格,样式
复数:modes
modal adj. 模式的;情态的
1. mode of transport(交通方式)2. living mode(生活方式)
Online shopping has become a popular mode of consumption.(网购已成为一种流行的消费方式。)
57
delay n. 延迟的时间;延期,耽搁;vi. & vt. 延迟,延期;使迟到,使拖延
复数:delays;过去式/过去分词:delayed
delayed adj. 延迟的;delayful adj. 拖延的
1. without delay(立即)2. delay doing sth.(推迟做某事)
Please reply to the email without delay.(请立即回复这封邮件。)
58
duration n. 持续时间,期间;for the duration 直到…结束,在整个…期间
不可数
durable adj. 持久的;duration of stay(停留时间)
1. for the duration of the project(在项目整个期间)2. short duration(持续时间短)
She stayed in the countryside for the duration of the summer.(她整个夏天都待在乡下。)
59
rude adj. 粗鲁的,无礼的,粗野的
比较级:ruder;最高级:rudest
rudeness n. 粗鲁;无礼
1. be rude to sb.(对某人粗鲁)2. rude behavior(粗鲁行为)
It’s rude to talk loudly in public places.(在公共场所大声说话是不礼貌的。)
60
justify vt. 对…作出解释,为…辩解;证明…正确
过去式/过去分词:justified
justification n. 正当理由;justifiable adj. 有理由的
1. justify one's actions(为自己的行为辩解)2. be justified in doing(有理由做)
He tried to justify his mistake to the teacher.(他试图向老师为自己的错误辩解。)
61
relevant adj. 紧密相关的,切题的;有价值的,有意义的
比较级:more relevant;最高级:most relevant
relevance n. 相关性;relevantly adv. 相关地
1. be relevant to(与……相关)2. relevant information(相关信息)
Please provide relevant details about the event.(请提供与该事件相关的细节。)
62
infer vt. 推断,推论,推理
过去式/过去分词:inferred
inference n. 推论;推断
1. infer from(从……推断)2. draw an inference(得出推论)
We can infer his intention from his words and actions.(我们可以从他的言行中推断出他的意图。)
63
convey vt. 表达,传递;传送,运送
过去式/过去分词:conveyed
conveyance n. 传递;运输;conveyer n. 输送机
1. convey a message(传递信息)2. convey feelings(表达感情)
She conveyed her thanks through a handwritten letter.(她通过一封手写信表达了感谢。)
64
firm adj. 强有力的,坚决的;坚固的;坚定的;牢固的;n. 商行,公司
形容词比较级:firmer;最高级:firmest;复数:firms
firmly adv. 坚定地;牢固地
1. firm belief(坚定的信念)2. law firm(律师事务所)
He has a firm belief that hard work pays off.(他坚信努力终有回报。)
65
genuine adj. 真诚的,可信赖的;真的,名副其实的
比较级:more genuine;最高级:most genuine
genuineness n. 真诚;真实性
1. genuine friendship(真挚的友谊)2. genuine leather(真皮)
Her genuine smile made everyone feel welcome.(她真诚的微笑让每个人都感到受欢迎。)
66
yawn vi. 打哈欠
过去式/过去分词:yawned
yawny adj. 打哈欠的;令人困倦的
1. yawn widely(打大哈欠)2. yawn with boredom(因无聊而打哈欠)
He yawned repeatedly during the boring meeting.(他在枯燥的会议中频频打哈欠。)
67
seize vt. 抓住,把握;捉住,夺;攻占;没收
过去式/过去分词:seized
seizure n. 夺取;没收;seizeable adj. 可夺取的
1. seize an opportunity(抓住机会)2. seize control(夺取控制权)
She seized the chance to study abroad when it came.(机会来临时,她抓住了出国留学的机遇。)
68
corporate adj. 公司的;全体的,共同的
无比较级/最高级
corporation n. 公司;corporate culture(企业文化)
1. corporate strategy(公司战略)2. corporate responsibility(企业责任)
The company adheres to corporate social responsibility.(这家公司恪守企业社会责任。)
69
put one's best foot forward 全力以赴
无词形变化
无
1. put one's best foot forward in the exam(考试中全力以赴)2. put one's best foot forward at work(工作中全力以赴)
She put her best foot forward in the interview and got the job.(她在面试中全力以赴,最终得到了这份工作。)
70
rainbow n. 虹,彩虹
复数:rainbows
无
1. see a rainbow(看到彩虹)2. a rainbow of colors(五彩斑斓)
A beautiful rainbow appeared after the heavy rain.(大雨过后,一道美丽的彩虹出现了。)
71
madam n. 女士,夫人
复数:madams
无
1. Dear Madam(尊敬的女士)2. Madam President(总统女士)
Madam, how can I assist you today?(女士,今天我能为您提供什么帮助?)
72
temporary adj. 临时的,短暂的
比较级:more temporary;最高级:most temporary
temporarily adv. 暂时地;temporariness n. 暂时性
1. temporary job(临时工作)2. temporary solution(临时解决方案)
He took a temporary job in a café during the vacation.(他假期在一家咖啡馆做临时工作。)
73
bowling n. 保龄球运动
不可数
bowl vt. 玩保龄球;bowling alley(保龄球馆)
1. go bowling(去打保龄球)2. bowling competition(保龄球比赛)
We often go bowling with friends on weekends.(我们经常在周末和朋友去打保龄球。)
74
tournament n. 锦标赛
复数:tournaments
tourney n. 锦标赛(口语);tournamental adj. 比赛的
1. tennis tournament(网球锦标赛)2. win a tournament(赢得锦标赛)
He won first prize in the national table tennis tournament.(他在全国乒乓球锦标赛中获得一等奖。)
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