内容正文:
译林版 选必2 Unit 2 Sports culture.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
solidarity n. 团结,齐心协力
不可数名词
solid adj. 固体的;团结的;solidly adv. 坚固地
1. show solidarity(表示团结)2. national solidarity(民族团结)
The people showed great solidarity in the face of disaster.(面对灾难,人们表现出了极强的团结精神。)
2
BCE abbr. 公元前
无词形变化
无
无
The Great Wall has a history dating back to 770 BCE.(长城的历史可追溯到公元前770年。)
3
participate vi. 参加,参与
过去式/过去分词:participated
participation n. 参与;participant n. 参与者
1. participate in(参加;参与)2. actively participate(积极参与)
All students are encouraged to participate in the school activities.(鼓励所有学生参加学校活动。)
4
compete vi. 参加比赛;竞争
过去式/过去分词:competed
competition n. 竞争;比赛;competitor n. 竞争者
1. compete with sb.(与某人竞争)2. compete in a race(参加比赛)
Athletes from all over the world compete in the Olympic Games.(来自世界各地的运动员参加奥运会。)
5
racial adj. 种族的;种族间的
无比较级/最高级
race n. 种族;racialism n. 种族主义
1. racial discrimination(种族歧视)2. racial harmony(种族和谐)
The country is working hard to promote racial equality.(这个国家正努力促进种族平等。)
6
diverse adj. 多种多样的,不同的
比较级:more diverse;最高级:most diverse
diversity n. 多样性;diversely adv. 不同地
1. diverse cultures(多元文化)2. diverse opinions(不同意见)
The city is known for its diverse population and cultures.(这座城市以其多元的人口和文化而闻名。)
7
joint adj. 联合的,共同的;n. 关节;接合处
形容词无比较级;名词复数:joints
jointly adv. 共同地
1. joint effort(共同努力)2. joint project(联合项目)
They completed the task through joint efforts.(他们通过共同努力完成了这项任务。)
8
motivate vt. 激励,激发;成为…的动机,是…的原因
过去式/过去分词:motivated
motivation n. 动机;motivational adj. 激励性的
1. motivate sb. to do(激励某人做某事)2. be motivated by(受……激励)
Her love for music motivated her to learn the piano.(对音乐的热爱激励她学习钢琴。)
9
motto n. 格言,座右铭
名词复数:mottoes/mottos
无
1. personal motto(个人座右铭)2. school motto(校训)
“Never give up” is his life motto.(“永不放弃”是他的人生座右铭。)
10
boundary n. 边界,分界线
名词复数:boundaries
无
1. national boundary(国界)2. boundary between(……之间的界限)
The river forms a natural boundary between the two countries.(这条河构成了两国之间的天然边界。)
11
demonstrate vt. 表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示;vi. 游行示威
过去式/过去分词:demonstrated
demonstration n. 示威;示范;demonstrative adj. 示范的
1. demonstrate sth.(展示某物)2. demonstrate against(示威反对)
The teacher demonstrated how to use the equipment.(老师演示了如何使用该设备。)
12
afterwards adv. 以后,后来
无比较级/最高级
无
1. shortly afterwards(不久之后)2. soon afterwards(之后不久)
We had dinner and went to the cinema afterwards.(我们吃了晚饭,之后去看了电影。)
13
proceed vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往
过去式/过去分词:proceeded
procedure n. 程序;手续;proceeding n. 进程
1. proceed to do(继续做某事)2. proceed along(沿着……行进)
After the meeting, we proceeded to discuss the details.(会议结束后,我们接着讨论细节。)
14
flame n. 火焰,火舌
名词复数:flames
flaming adj. 燃烧的;炽热的
1. burst into flames(燃起火焰)2. flame out(熄火)
The building burst into flames within minutes.(那栋楼几分钟内就燃起了大火。)
15
applaud vt. & vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌
过去式/过去分词:applauded
applause n. 掌声;喝彩
1. applaud sb.(为某人鼓掌)2. applaud for(因……而称赞)
The audience applauded loudly after the performance.(表演结束后,观众们热烈鼓掌。)
16
track and field 田径运动
无词形变化
无
1. track and field events(田径项目)2. track and field athlete(田径运动员)
He has been training in track and field since he was a child.(他从小就一直在进行田径训练。)
17
consistent adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的
比较级:more consistent;最高级:most consistent
consistency n. 一致性;consistently adv. 始终如一地
1. be consistent with(与……一致)2. consistent effort(持续的努力)
Her actions are always consistent with her words.(她言行一致。)
18
call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事
无词形变化
无
1. call on sb. to help(请求某人帮忙)2. call on sb. to speak(邀请某人发言)
The government called on people to protect the environment.(政府号召人们保护环境。)
19
humanity n. (统称)人,人类;人性;人道,仁慈
不可数名词
human adj. 人类的;humanitarian adj. 人道主义的
1. human nature(人性)2. show humanity(展现仁慈)
We should treat all people with humanity and respect.(我们应该以仁慈和尊重对待所有人。)
20
rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级,把…分等级;排列,使排成行;n. 地位,级别;等级;排,列;军衔
动词过去式/过去分词:ranked;名词复数:ranks
ranked adj. 排名的;ranking n. 排名
1. rank first(排名第一)2. in the top rank(处于顶尖水平)
This university ranks among the best in the world.(这所大学跻身世界顶尖行列。)
21
trend n. 趋势,趋向
名词复数:trends
trendy adj. 时髦的;流行的
1. follow the trend(跟风;顺应趋势)2. upward trend(上升趋势)
There is a growing trend of online shopping.(网购的趋势越来越明显。)
22
hurdle n. (hurdles)跨栏赛;栏架;障碍
名词复数:hurdles
无
1. hurdle race(跨栏赛)2. overcome hurdles(克服障碍)
She won the women's 100-meter hurdles.(她赢得了女子100米跨栏比赛。)
23
election n. 选举,推选;当选
名词复数:elections
elect vt. 选举;electoral adj. 选举的
1. presidential election(总统选举)2. win the election(赢得选举)
The country will hold a general election next year.(这个国家明年将举行大选。)
24
advent n. (重要事件、人物等的)到来,出现
不可数名词
adventurous adj. 冒险的;adventurer n. 冒险家
1. the advent of technology(科技的到来)2. with the advent of(随着……的出现)
With the advent of the Internet, our life has changed greatly.(随着互联网的出现,我们的生活发生了巨大变化。)
25
faith n. 信心;宗教信仰
不可数名词
faithful adj. 忠诚的;faithfully adv. 忠诚地
1. have faith in(对……有信心)2. religious faith(宗教信仰)
She has great faith in her own abilities.(她对自己的能力充满信心。)
26
ambition n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志
名词复数:ambitions
ambitious adj. 有雄心的;有抱负的
1. achieve one's ambition(实现抱负)2. burning ambition(强烈的抱负)
His ambition is to become a famous scientist.(他的抱负是成为一名著名的科学家。)
27
ascend vi. & vt. 上升,升高,登高
过去式/过去分词:ascended
ascent n. 上升;登高;ascending adj. 上升的
1. ascend the mountain(登山)2. ascend to(上升到)
The hikers slowly ascended the steep mountain.(徒步旅行者们缓慢地登上了陡峭的山峰。)
28
identical adj. 完全同样的
无比较级/最高级
identity n. 身份;identically adv. 相同地
1. be identical to(与……完全相同)2. identical twins(同卵双胞胎)
The two designs are identical in style.(这两个设计在风格上完全相同。)
29
fellow adj. 同伴的,同情况的,同类的;n. 同辈,同类;男人,家伙
形容词无比较级;名词复数:fellows
fellowship n. 友谊;奖学金
1. fellow students(同学)2. fellow worker(同事)
He and his fellow researchers made a great discovery.(他和他的研究员同事们有了重大发现。)
30
relay n. 接力赛;vt. 转发(信息、消息等);播放,转播
名词复数:relays;动词过去式/过去分词:relayed
无
1. relay race(接力赛)2. relay a message(转发消息)
Our team won the 4×100-meter relay.(我们队赢得了4×100米接力赛。)
31
chest n. 胸部;大箱子
名词复数:chests
chestnut n. 栗子;chestnut adj. 栗色的
1. chest pain(胸痛)2. wooden chest(木箱)
He pressed his hand to his chest and gasped for breath.(他按住胸口,喘着粗气。)
32
cheek n. 面颊,脸颊
名词复数:cheeks
cheeky adj. 厚脸皮的;cheekbone n. 颧骨
1. touch sb.'s cheek(摸某人的脸颊)2. red cheeks(红扑扑的脸颊)
The little girl had pink cheeks from the cold.(小女孩冻得脸颊通红。)
33
half-marathon n. 半程马拉松赛跑
名词复数:half-marathons
无
1. run a half-marathon(跑半程马拉松)2. half-marathon event(半程马拉松赛事)
She finished her first half-marathon in two hours.(她用两小时完成了自己的第一次半程马拉松。)
34
amateur n. 业余运动员,业余爱好者;生手,外行;adj. 业余的
名词复数:amateurs;形容词无比较级
amateurish adj. 业余的;不专业的
1. amateur athlete(业余运动员)2. amateur photography(业余摄影)
He is an amateur painter who paints for fun.(他是一名业余画家,画画只是为了乐趣。)
35
ankle n. 踝,踝关节
名词复数:ankles
anklet n. 脚链;ankle-deep adj. 齐踝深的
1. sprain one's ankle(扭伤脚踝)2. ankle joint(踝关节)
She sprained her ankle while playing basketball.(她打篮球时扭伤了脚踝。)
36
gradually adv. 逐渐地,逐步地
无比较级/最高级
gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的
1. gradually improve(逐渐改善)2. gradually realize(逐渐意识到)
The weather gradually turned cold as winter came.(随着冬天的到来,天气逐渐变冷。)
37
session n. 一段时间,一场;会议,开庭;学年
名词复数:sessions
sessional adj. 学期的;会期的
1. training session(训练课)2. meeting session(会议场次)
We had three training sessions a week during the summer vacation.(暑假期间我们每周有三次训练课。)
38
limit n. 限度,限制;限量,限额;界限;vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量
名词复数:limits;动词过去式/过去分词:limited
limited adj. 有限的;limitation n. 限制
1. limit sth. to(把某物限制在……)2. within the limit(在限度内)
We should limit our screen time to protect our eyes.(我们应该限制屏幕使用时间以保护眼睛。)
39
marathon n. 马拉松赛跑;马拉松式的活动(或工作)
名词复数:marathons
marathoner n. 马拉松运动员
1. full marathon(全程马拉松)2. a marathon of meetings(一连串的会议)
He ran his first marathon at the age of 30.(他30岁时跑了第一次全程马拉松。)
40
chairman n. (委员会的)委员长,主席;(会议的)主席,主持人
名词复数:chairmen
chairmanship n. 主席职位;chairwoman n. 女主席
1. board chairman(董事长)2. meeting chairman(会议主席)
The chairman announced the start of the conference.(主席宣布会议开始。)
41
constitution n. 体质,身体素质;宪法,章程
名词复数:constitutions
constitutional adj. 宪法的;体质的
1. physical constitution(体质)2. national constitution(宪法)
Regular exercise can improve your physical constitution.(规律锻炼能增强你的体质。)
42
pour vt. & vi. 倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨
过去式/过去分词:poured
pouring adj. 倾盆的;pouring adv. 大量地
1. pour rain(下大雨)2. pour sth. into(把某物倒入……)
It poured with rain all night long.(整夜都下着瓢泼大雨。)
43
walk on air 欢天喜地,得意扬扬
无词形变化
无
1. walk on air with joy(因喜悦而欢天喜地)2. feel like walking on air(感觉得意扬扬)
She walked on air after winning the competition.(赢得比赛后,她欢天喜地。)
44
keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待
无词形变化
无
1. keep failure in perspective(正确看待失败)2. keep problems in perspective(客观看待问题)
We should keep the difficulties in perspective and not give up.(我们应该正确看待困难,不要放弃。)
45
celebrity n. 名人;名望
名词复数:celebrities
celebrity status(名人身份)
1. famous celebrity(著名名人)2. gain celebrity(成名)
Many young people dream of becoming a celebrity.(许多年轻人梦想成为名人。)
46
opponent n. 对手,竞争者;反对者
名词复数:opponents
oppose vt. 反对;opposition n. 反对
1. political opponent(政治对手)2. competition opponent(竞争对手)
He defeated his opponent in the final match.(他在决赛中击败了对手。)
47
humility n. 谦逊,谦虚
不可数名词
humble adj. 谦逊的;humbly adv. 谦逊地
1. show humility(表现谦逊)2. with humility(谦逊地)
His success didn't make him proud; he remained full of humility.(成功没有让他骄傲,他依然充满谦逊。)
48
grace n. 高雅,文雅;优美;风度,体面
不可数名词
graceful adj. 优雅的;gracefully adv. 优雅地
1. with grace(优雅地)2. sense of grace(优雅感)
She danced with great grace on the stage.(她在舞台上舞姿优美。)
49
dignity n. 尊严;自尊;高贵
不可数名词
dignified adj. 有尊严的;dignitarily adv. 高贵地
1. lose one's dignity(失去尊严)2. stand with dignity(有尊严地站立)
Everyone should live with dignity and respect.(每个人都应该有尊严、有尊重地生活。)
50
bobsleigh n. 大雪橇(供两人或两人以上比赛用)
名词复数:bobsleighs
无
1. bobsleigh competition(大雪橇比赛)2. Olympic bobsleigh(奥运大雪橇项目)
They won the gold medal in the Olympic bobsleigh event.(他们在奥运大雪橇项目中获得了金牌。)
51
unselfish adj. 无私的,忘我的
比较级:more unselfish;最高级:most unselfish
selfish adj. 自私的(反义词);unselfishly adv. 无私地
1. unselfish love(无私的爱)2. unselfish act(无私的行为)
Her unselfish dedication to the project moved everyone.(她对项目的无私奉献感动了所有人。)
52
idiom n. 习语,成语
名词复数:idioms
idiomatic adj. 惯用的;符合习惯的
1. English idioms(英语习语)2. use an idiom(使用习语)
“Break a leg” is a common English idiom meaning good luck.(“Break a leg”是常见的英语习语,意为“祝你好运”。)
53
find one's way into 偶然来到,无意中处于
无词形变化
无
1. find one's way into a book(偶然读到一本书)2. find one's way into trouble(无意中陷入麻烦)
A good idea found its way into his mind while he was walking.(他走路时,一个好主意无意中冒了出来。)
54
league n. 联赛;等级,级别
名词复数:leagues
league member(团员;联盟成员)
1. football league(足球联赛)2. in the same league(同一水平)
Our team is leading the national football league.(我们队在全国足球联赛中处于领先地位。)
55
opposing adj. 对抗的;相反的
无比较级/最高级
oppose vt. 反对;opposition n. 反对
1. opposing team(对方球队)2. opposing views(相反的观点)
The opposing team put up a strong fight in the game.(对方球队在比赛中进行了顽强抵抗。)
56
net n. (the net)球门网;网,网状物
名词复数:nets
network n. 网络;netted adj. 网状的
1. football net(足球网)2. fishing net(渔网)
The ball hit the net and bounced into the goal.(球撞到球网后弹进了球门。)
57
move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则)
无词形变化
无
1. move the goalposts suddenly(突然改变规则)2. refuse to move the goalposts(拒绝改变条件)
It's unfair to move the goalposts after we agreed on the plan.(我们达成计划后又改变规则,这是不公平的。)
58
insurance n. 保险业;保险;保险费
不可数名词
insure vt. 给……投保;insurance adj. 保险的
1. medical insurance(医疗保险)2. buy insurance(购买保险)
He bought travel insurance before his trip abroad.(他出国旅行前购买了旅行保险。)
59
salesman n. 售货员,推销员
名词复数:salesmen
saleswoman n. 女售货员;salesperson n. 销售员(统称)
1. car salesman(汽车推销员)2. department store salesman(百货公司售货员)
The salesman introduced the new product in detail.(推销员详细介绍了这款新产品。)
60
complain vi. & vt. 抱怨,投诉
过去式/过去分词:complained
complaint n. 抱怨;投诉
1. complain about(抱怨……)2. complain to sb.(向某人投诉)
Many customers complained about the poor service.(许多顾客抱怨服务质量差。)
61
score an own goal 进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事
无词形变化
无
1. score an own goal in the match(比赛中进乌龙球)2. score an own goal with the decision(这个决定让自己吃亏)
The defender accidentally scored an own goal in the second half.(下半场后卫不小心进了一个乌龙球。)
62
unintentionally adv. 无意地,非故意地
无比较级/最高级
intentional adj. 故意的;intention n. 意图
1. unintentionally hurt(无意中伤害)2. unintentionally make a mistake(无意中犯错)
She unintentionally offended him with her words.(她的话无意中冒犯了他。)
63
council n. 政务委员会,地方议会;市政服务机构;委员会
名词复数:councils
councillor n. 议员;政务会委员
1. city council(市议会)2. school council(学校理事会)
The city council decided to build a new park.(市议会决定新建一个公园。)
64
backfire vi. 产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果
过去式/过去分词:backfired
无
1. plan backfire(计划事与愿违)2. decision backfire(决定产生反效果)
His attempt to cheat in the exam backfired and he was caught.(他考试作弊的企图得不偿失,最终被抓了。)
65
ballpark n. 棒球场;变动范围
名词复数:ballparks
无
1. in the ballpark(差不多)2. outside the ballpark(相差太远)
Your estimate is not in the ballpark; the actual cost is much higher.(你的估计差得太远,实际成本要高得多。)
66
in the ballpark 差不多
无词形变化
无
1. be in the ballpark of(大约在……范围内)2. not in the ballpark(差得远)
The total cost is in the ballpark of 10,000 yuan.(总费用大约在1万元左右。)
67
a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计
无词形变化
无
1. give a ballpark estimate(给出大致估计)2. a ballpark estimate of the cost(成本的大致估计)
Can you give me a ballpark estimate of the project cost?(你能给我一个项目成本的大致估计吗?)
68
venue n. 活动场地
名词复数:venues
无
1. conference venue(会议场地)2. concert venue(音乐会场地)
The venue for the wedding has not been decided yet.(婚礼的举办场地还没确定。)
69
curveball n. 曲线球
名词复数:curveballs
无
1. throw a curveball(投曲线球)2. a unexpected curveball(意外的难题)
The pitcher threw a perfect curveball that the batter missed.(投手投出一记完美的曲线球,击球手没击中。)
70
throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题
无词形变化
无
1. throw sb. a curveball at work(工作中给某人出难题)2. throw a curveball with the question(这个问题给人出了难题)
The sudden change of plan threw us a curveball.(计划的突然改变给我们出了个难题。)
71
handle vt. 处理,应付;控制,操纵;n. 把手,拉手;柄
动词过去式/过去分词:handled;名词复数:handles
handling n. 处理;操作
1. handle a problem(处理问题)2. handle a machine(操纵机器)
She is good at handling difficult situations.(她善于处理困难局面。)
72
three strikes and you are out 三振出局;事不过三
无词形变化
无
1. three strikes and you are out in baseball(棒球中的三振出局)2. three strikes and you are out for mistakes(犯错三次就不再容忍)
In this company, three strikes and you are out—no one gets a fourth chance.(这家公司的规则是“事不过三”,没人能得到第四次机会。)
73
fist n. 拳,拳头
名词复数:fists
fistful n. 一把;紧握的拳头
1. clench one's fist(握紧拳头)2. shake one's fist(挥拳)
He clenched his fist in anger when he heard the news.(听到这个消息,他愤怒地握紧了拳头。)
74
waist n. 腰,腰部;(衣服的)腰部
名词复数:waists
waistband n. 腰带;waistline n. 腰围
1. thin waist(细腰)2. at the waist(在腰部)
The dress is tight at the waist and loose at the skirt.(这条裙子腰部紧身,裙摆宽松。)
75
below the belt 不公正的,伤人的
无词形变化
无
1. a below the belt comment(伤人的评论)2. hit below the belt(采取不公正手段)
His remark about her family was below the belt.(他对她家人的评论很伤人,很不公正。)
76
cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的,残酷的
比较级:crueler/crueller;最高级:cruelest/cruellest
cruelty n. 残酷;cruelly adv. 残酷地
1. cruel treatment(残酷对待)2. cruel words(刻薄的话)
It's cruel to treat animals in that way.(那样对待动物是残酷的。)
77
remark n. 谈论,言论;vi. & vt. 说起,评论
名词复数:remarks;动词过去式/过去分词:remarked
remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的
1. make a remark(发表评论)2. remark on(评论……)
She made a funny remark that made everyone laugh.(她发表了一番有趣的评论,让所有人都笑了。)
78
towel n. 毛巾,抹布,纸巾
名词复数:towels
toweling n. 毛巾布;towel rack(毛巾架)
1. bath towel(浴巾)2. hand towel(手巾)
She dried her hair with a clean towel after washing.(洗完头后,她用干净的毛巾擦干了头发。)
79
throw in the towel 认输,承认失败
无词形变化
无
1. throw in the towel early(早早认输)2. refuse to throw in the towel(拒绝认输)
Even though they were losing, they refused to throw in the towel.(尽管处于劣势,他们仍拒绝认输。)
80
literally adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上
无比较级/最高级
literal adj. 字面的;literality n. 字面意义
1. literally true(确实是真的)2. take literally(按字面理解)
I literally couldn't believe my eyes when I saw the result.(看到结果时,我真的不敢相信自己的眼睛。)
81
iron n. 铁;熨斗;vt. & vi. (用熨斗)熨,烫平
名词复数:irons;动词过去式/过去分词:ironed
ironic adj. 讽刺的;irony n. 讽刺
1. iron clothes(熨衣服)2. cast iron(铸铁)
She spent the morning ironing her clothes for the party.(她花了一早上熨烫参加派对要穿的衣服。)
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