Unit 1 Looking forwards 课文及词汇 清单 -2024-2025学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语教学资料围绕“未来与选择”主题构建知识体系。以语篇1“Facing the Future”通过海明威与柯南·道尔的对比案例引入未来规划与意外的思考，语篇2“The Road Not Taken”以诗歌象征人生选择，配套词汇表系统梳理课标词汇、超标词汇及短语，形成主题-案例-文学-语言的学习支架。 知识链路以“未来思考-选择意义”为主线，逻辑清晰。通过作家案例对比和诗歌象征分析，培养学生语言能力（语境中理解运用词汇）和思维品质（分析推断人生选择的内涵）。词汇表按课标分级，标注搭配与用法，助力语言基础巩固，体现英语学科“主题引领、语篇依托”的学习方法。

选择性必修4 Unit1语篇1 Facing the Future 面对未来 For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future. Will we get into the school of our choice? What will we be doing in ten years’ time? Can we become the person we really want to be? In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future? Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way? 对我们许多人来说，这已经是我们已经经历过的事情。某一刻，我们正舒适地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。下一刻，我们的眼睛睁开了，我们发现自己在思考甚至担心我们生活中可能最重要的问题——未来。我们会进入我们选择的学校吗？十年后我们会做什么？我们能成为我们真正想成为的人吗？面对这样的问题，我们应该如何面对未来？我们能否采取行动来塑造它，还是我们应该接受任何到来的事物？ As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways. 正如我们许多人已经知道的，为未来制定计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。在这方面，一些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相隔40年的著名作家的生活来说明。尽管他们对生活都抱有相同的雄心勃勃和充满活力的态度，但他们的职业生涯却以截然不同的方式展开。 The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing. In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，他从小立志一心一意想要成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说: “我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。”在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历，创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。他的短篇小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。 By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day. 相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟·柯南·道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事。 Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. 有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。 Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.” 尽管这两位男士最终都取得了成功，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来并不一定完全按照他们的计划进行。因此，无论你可能会遇到什么样的曲折和转折，都要从这两位作者的书中汲取经验，为不可预知的情况做好准备。正如著名的科技革新者史蒂夫·乔布斯曾经说过的，“你不能向前看时连接所有的点；你只能向后看时才能将它们连接起来。所以你必须相信，这些点在你的未来会以某种方式连接起来。” 选择性必修4 Unit1语篇2 The Road Not taken 未选择的路 Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; 金黄色林中两条路各奔一方， 可惜我无法兼顾 我在那路口久久伫立 我向着一条路极目望去 直到它消失在丛林深处； Then took the other; as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, 但我却选了另外一条路；公正公平， 抑或有更佳理由， 它荒草萋萋，诱人涉足， 即便如此，旅人的足迹 让两条路看起来相差无几， And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. 那天清晨落叶满地， 两条路都未经脚印污染。 啊，我留下第一条路改日再探! 明知道路径延绵， 我不确定是否还能回到这里。 I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I — I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. 也许多年之后在某个地方， 我会回顾往事轻声叹息: 树林中有两条路， 我选择了人迹较少的那一条， 从此，它为我带来了全新的人生轨迹。 Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature. 《未选择的路》这首诗中的诗句常常在各种演讲中被引用。许多艺术家为这首诗谱了曲，它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中。事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞察。 When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged a yellow wood, /And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. These range from the basic “What should I wear today?” to the key issues of what subject to study a university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. 阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。林间小路往往象征我们人生中的进步和变化。“金黄色林中两条路各奔一方，可惜我无法兼顾”这两句话生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要做出的决定。生活每天都会向我们抛出许多选择，不仅包括“我今天应该穿什么”这样的小问题，也包括大学应该学什么专业或者毕业后应该做什么工作这样的重大问题。当然，最大的困境往往源于道德问题，因为我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的。 Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they leads to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it’s unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been. 无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。在大多数情況下，一旦我们做了选择就没有退路。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天再探索另一条路。但是他也知道获得这种机会的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一样，我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。 This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable. Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar. Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. What if, in choosing one, we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities? Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice? 这一声叹息，以及我们对是否做出了正确选择的顾虑都是可以理解的。虽然我们可以自由地选择走哪一条路，但是当两条路看起来大同小异时，其实很难做选择。比如当我们同时面对两个工作机会时，我们可能会思索到底我们是在什么当中选择。如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？而我们又甚至能否发现自己是否做出了正确的选择呢？ Ultimately, the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey? How will we look back on our lives? In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road. Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only. 最后，前方的路，也就是我们的人生之路，其实是由选择和机会交织而成的。当我们快走到尽头时，我们会如何铭记这段旅途？我们会如何回顾自己的一生？在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路。生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。尽管如此，就做决定的艺术而言，一部分就在于学会充分利用我们的決定。我们应该积极乐观地面对未来，而非带着遗憾回顾过去，因为选择在于我们自己，而且它们只属于我们自己。 课标词汇序号 单元短语序号 超标词汇序号 单元 词汇及短语 音标 词义 常用搭配 1253 B7U1 ambition /æmˈbiʃən/ n. 追求，理想 It had been her lifelong ambition.这是她终身追求的目标。adj. ambitious 1254 B7U1 correspondent /ˌkɔrisˈpɔndənt/ n. 通讯员，记者 One ABC correspondent had totally missed the point of the question.美国广播公司的一名记者完全没有领会这个问题的关键。foreign correspondent报社派驻国外的通讯记者 special correspondentn. 特派记者；特派员 1255 B7U1 detective /diˈtektiv/ n. 私家侦探 It was a cunning piece of detective work.那是一篇构思巧妙的侦探作品。 1256 B7U1 ultimately /ˈʌltimitli/ adv. 最后，最终 The divorce ultimately led to his ruin.离婚最终使得他一贫如洗。 adj.ultimate 1257 B7U1 participation /pɑːˌtisiˈpeiʃən/ n. 参加，参与 Only in this way can the critical mass of participation be reached.只有这样才能凑足参加人数。active participation主动参与；积极参加 1258 B7U1 complex /ˈkɔmpleks/ adj. 复杂的 He was an unusually complex man.他是个异常复杂的人。 n.complexity 1259 B7U1 commercial /kəˈməːʃəl/ n. (电视或电台的)商业广告 We hope it will be a commercial success.我们希望它会是一次商业成功。The proposal makes sound commercial sense.这项建议从营利的角度看是完全合情合理的。commercial value市场价值 1260 B7U1 symbolize /ˈsimbəlaiz/ v. 象征，代表 In addition to intelligence, they also symbolize affluence and wealth.除了智慧，它们也象征着富足和财富。 n.symbol 1261 B7U1 alternative /ɔːlˈtəːnətiv/ n. 可供选择的事物 Do you have an alternative solution?你有没有别的解决办法？There are alternative sources of nutrition to animal meat.有能替代动物肉类的其他营养来源。have no alternative没有别的办法了alternative energy替代能源；新能源 1262 B7U1 arise /əˈraiz/ v. (由……)引起 He refuses to allow that such a situation could arise.他拒不承认这种情况有可能发生。 In a good marriage, both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.在一桩美满的婚姻中，夫妻双方共同致力于解决出现的任何问题。arise from由……引起，起因于 1263 B7U1 circumstance /ˈsəːkəmstəns/ n. 情况，情形 I know I can trust her in any circumstance.我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。in /under the circumstances在这种情况下 in/under no circumstances决不 under certain circumstance adv. 在某种情况下 1264 B7U1 mixture /ˈmikstʃə/ n. 混合; 混合物 Concrete is a mixture of sand and cement.混凝土是沙和水泥的混合物。 1265 B7U1 affection /əˈfekʃən/ n. 喜爱，钟爱 I still have affection for my old school.我对母校依然很有感情。 I have a great affection for Beijing.我很喜欢北京。adj.affectionate 1266 B7U1 qualified /ˈkwɔlifaid/ adj. 合格的，胜任的 There is an urgent need for qualified teachers.迫切需要合格教师。 n.qualification 1267 B7U1 fluency /ˈfluənsi/ n. 熟练，流利 The team lacked fluency during the first half.该队在上半场打得不够流畅。More practice will make you speak with greater fluency.多加练习能够让你的口语更加流利。adj.fluent 1268 B7U1 sincerely /sinˈsiəli/ adv. 由衷的，真诚的，真心实意地 "Congratulations," he said sincerely.“祝贺，”他真诚地说道。 I sincerely believe that this is the right decision.我由衷地认为这个决定是正确的。adj.sincere 1269 B7U1 refreshment /riˈfreʃmənt/ n. 茶点，点心和饮料 In York we had a short stop for refreshment.在约克，我们稍作停留，吃了点东西。Chinese refreshment中式茶点 1270 B7U1 shift /ʃift/ n. (工厂，医院等轮班制中的)当班时间 We need to shift the focus of this debate.我们需要转换一下辩论的焦点。We rotate the night shift so no one has to do it all the time.我们轮流值夜班，这样就不会有人总是夜班了。 607 B7U1 boyhood* /ˈbɔihud/ n. (男性的)童年时期，少年时代 I spent my boyhood climbing trees.我小时候喜欢爬树。 608 B7U1 trainee* /treiˈniː/ n. 接受工作培训的人；实习生 He is a 24-year-old trainee reporter.他是一个24岁的实习记者。 609 B7U1 bullfighting* /ˈbulfaitiŋ/ n. 斗牛 Bullfighting is a very old tradition.斗牛是一项很古老的传统活动。 610 B7U1 historical* /hisˈtɔrikəl/ adj. 有关历史的 The building is of historical importance.这栋建筑有重要的历史研究价值。 611 B7U1 dot* /dɔt/ n. 点，小圆点 The island is a small green dot on the map.这个岛在地图上是一个绿色的小点。 612 B7U1 backwards* /ˈbækwədz/ adv. 往回，向后 He took a step backwards.他退后一步。 613 B7U1 admission* /ədˈmiʃən/ n. 允许进入(加入) The admission price is $8 for adults.入场费成人是$8。 614 B7U1 diverge* /daiˈvəːdʒ/ v. (两条路)岔开，分开 Opinions diverge greatly on this issue.在这个问题上意见分歧很大。 615 B7U1 undergrowth* /ˈʌndəgrəuθ/ n. (长在大树下或周边的）下木层，下层灌木丛 The tiger prowled through the undergrowth.老虎悄然穿过矮树丛。 616 B7U1 numerous* /ˈnjuːmərəs/ adj. 许多的，很多的 Numerous marriages now end in divorce.现在许多婚姻都以离婚而告终。 617 B7U1 thoughtful* /ˈθɔːtful/ adj. 认真思考的，深思的 He scratched his head and looked thoughtful.他挠着头显出一副深思的样子。 618 B7U1 dilemma* /diˈlemə/ n. 进退两难的境地，困境 I didn't have a ready answer for this dilemma.我没有现成的答案来解决这个进退两难的问题。 356 B7U1 take action 采取行动 We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.我们采取行动以前需要有更多时间观察情况的发展。 357 B7U1 make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 Irresolution means reluctance or an inability to make up one's mind.优柔寡断指犹豫不决，举棋不定不愿或不能决定。 358 B7U1 pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会) Young people should never pass up the opportunity to go to university.年轻人永远不应该放弃上大学的机会。 359 B7U1 have second thoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 Zhang Shuang said: "Sometimes when the weather is very bad, I have second thoughts about coming."张爽表示：“有时天气非常糟糕，我会再三考虑会不会来。” 360 B7U1 put off 推迟……，使……延期 We've had to put off our wedding until September.我们只得把婚期推迟到九月。 361 B7U1 reject ......out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… As things stand, Mr Assad will surely reject all such ideas out of hand.目前来看，阿萨德肯定会毫不犹豫地拒绝这些建议。 362 B7U1 weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡 Therefore, we must weigh up the costs.因此，必须要对代价进行衡量。 363 B7U1 yours sincerely 谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字开头的正式信件的末尾) Waiting to hear from you, Yours sincerely, William Faulkner.盼复，您的诚挚的，威廉·福克纳。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $