Unit 1 Looking forwards 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·外研版·Unit1Lookingforwards二 一、 重点单词详解 1:diverge 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.(道路、观点等)岔开；分歧；偏离 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：verge(v.接近；濒临) 前缀：di-(表示”分开”，如divide) 派生词：divergent adj..分歧的；有差异的(diverge+-ent)；divergencen..分歧；偏离 (diverge+-ence) 三、必记搭配与例句 不及物动词，常与from连用：diverge from sth.(与…不同；偏离…) 例：Their opinions diverged from each other on this issue.(在这个问题上他们的观点产生 了分歧。) 四、重点辨析 diverge vs..separate::diverge强调”从同一点逐渐分开”（如道路、观点）；separate指”强 行或自然分离”，不强调”起点相同”。 2:numerous 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.许多的；众多的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：number(n.数字；数量) 派生词：numerousness n.多数；众多 三、必记搭配与例句 be numerous in.(在…中大量存在) numerous examples/reasons(大量例子/理由) 四、重点辨析 numerous vs.many:numerous更正式，强调数量”多到难以计数”，修饰复数名词；many 较口语化，可修饰复数名词或与too,s0等连用。 3:thoughtful 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.深思的；体贴的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：thought(n.思想；想法) 副词：thoughtfully adv.深思地；体贴地 名词：thoughtfulness n.深思；体贴 三、词汇变形 反义词：thoughtless adj.粗心的；欠考虑的 四、必记搭配与例句 be thoughtful of..（体贴…) 例：It was thoughtful of you to bring me flowers.(你带花来真是体贴。) thoughtful expression(沉思的表情) 4:symbolize 一、核心考点】 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：v.象征；代表 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：symbol n.象征；符号 形容词：symbolic ad.象征性的 副词：symbolically adv.象征性地 三、 必记搭配与例句 symbolize sth.(象征某物) 例：The dove symbolizes peace.(鸽子象征和平。) 四、用法 被动语态：sth.be symbolized by.(某物由…象征) 5:alternative 、 核心考点 词性：形容词（adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.可供替代的；n.可供选择的事物 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：alternate v.交替；轮流 副词：alternatively adv.或者；作为替代 三、必记搭配与例句 alternative to..(…的替代品) 例：Do you have an alternative to this plan?(你有这个计划的替代方案吗？) 四、重点辨析 alternative vs.choice:alternative强调”二选一或有限选择”；choice泛指”所有选择”。 6:dilemma 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.进退两难的境地 二、必记搭配与例句 in a dilemma(处于困境中) face a dilemma(面临两难选择) solve a dilemma(解决困境) 例：She was in a dilemma whether to go abroad or stay..(她陷入了出国还是留下的两难境 地。) 7:arise 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.出现；产生；起身 二、 词汇变形 过去式：arose;过去分词：arisen 三、 必记搭配与例句 arise from/out of,.（由…引起) 例：Many problems arose from the lack of communication.(许多问题源于缺乏沟通。) 四、重点辨析 arise vs.rise vs.raise:arise为不及物动词，强调”问题、机会等出现”；rise不及物，指” 上升；起身”；raise及物，表”举起；筹集”。 8:qualified 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.合格的；胜任的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：qualify v.（使)合格；限定 名词：qualification n.资格；学历 三、必记搭配与例句 be qualified for..(胜任…) 例：She is qualified for the job.(她能胜任这份工作。) qualified doctor/teacher(合格的医生/教师)》 四、用法 被动语态：be qualified to do sth.（有资格做某事) 9:fluency 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.流利；熟练 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：fluent adj..流利的；流畅的 副词：fluently adv.流利地 三、必记搭配与例句 fluency in..(在…方面流利) 例：She speaks English with fluency.（她英语说得很流利。) improve fluency(提高流利度) 10:shift 二、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.当班时间；转变；v.改变；换挡 二、词性转换 动词：shift v.移动；改变 形容词：shifting adj..不断变化的 三、必记搭配与例句 work in shifts(轮班工作) shift from.to.（从…转变到…) 例：The company shifted its focus from Europe to Asia.（公司将重心从欧洲转向亚洲。) 四、重点辨析 shift vs.change:shift强调”轻微或暂时的改变”；change泛指”任何变化”，可大可小。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Their opinions began to-on the issue of climate change after several discussions. A)diverge B)separate C)divide D)differ 2.The museum has__exhibits from ancient civilizations,attracting visitors worldwide. A)many B)numerous C)much D)several 3.It was_of you to remember my birthday and prepare a gift. A)thoughtless B)thoughtful C)careful D)cautious 4.In many cultures,the dragon-power and good fortune. A)represents B)symbolizes C)stands D)means 5.If you don't like coffee,we have andrink like tea or juice. A)alternative B)choice C)option D)selection 6.She faced a_between pursuing further education and starting a career. A)problem B)difficulty C)dilemma D)trouble 7.New challengeswhen the company expanded its business to overseas markets. A)rose B)raised C)arose D)lifted 8.Onlycandidates with relevant experience will be considered for the job. A)qualified B)skillful C)capable D)competent 9.Regular practice is essential to improve your_in spoken English. A)fluency B)accuracy C)pronunciation D)vocabulary 10.The company decided to_its resources from traditional industries to technology devel- opment. A)change B)shift C)move D)transfer (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The two sisters have always been(thought)of each other's feelings 2.The red color often(symbol)luck and joy in Chinese culture. 3.There is an(alternate)plan in case the original one fails. 4.The(diverge)of their interests led to the end of their friendship. 5.She spoke English with such(fluent)that everyone was impressed. 6.The manager praised him for his_(thoughtful)and hard work. 7.After the accident,many problems_(arise)between the two parties. 8.He needs to obtain a_(qualify)before applying for the position. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.As the path dinto two directions,we had to decide which one to take. 2.Nstudies have shown the benefits of regular exercise on mental health. 3.The artist's work is full of s meaning,requiring deep interpretation 4.When faced with no a but to quit,she chose to fight for her rights. 5.The sudden s_in public opinion caught the government by surprise 6.It is important to stay calm when a crisis a in daily life. 7.The teacher was known for her pand thoughtful guidance to students. 8.The company offers training programs to help employees become qfor higher positions. 9.F in a foreign language is a key skill for international communication. 10.The old custom sthe unity and resilience of the community. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB BB AC CA A B 解析1（第1题）： 考查diverge的用法。diverge强调”从同一点逐渐分开，符合句意经过几次讨论后， 他们在气候变化问题上的观点开始产生分歧”；separate指”强行或自然分离'，divide 指”分割”，differ指”不同”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第4题）： 考查symbolize的用法。symbolize表示”象征；代表”，符合句意”在许多文化中，龙象 征着权力和好运”；represent也表示”代表”，但symbolize更强调象征意义，符合文化象 征的语境，故选B。 解析3（第7题）： 考查arise的用法。arise为不及物动词，强调”问题、机会等出现”，符合句意”当公司 将业务扩展到海外市场时，新的挑战出现了”；rise指”上升”，raise为及物动词，lift指” 举起”，均不符合语境，故选C。 2.补全句子答案 1.thoughtful 2.symbolizes 3.alternative 4.divergence 5.fluency 6.thoughtfulness 7.arose 8.qualification 3.首字母填空答案： 1.diverged 2.Numerous 3.symbolic 4.alternative 5.shift 6.arises 7.thoughtful 8.qualified 9.Fluency 10.symbolizes 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit1 Looking forwards二