湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试题

求郡中学2025年下学期高二期中考试 英 语 得分： 命 时量：120分钟满分：150分 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 录 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 铷 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15. 刷 架 答案是C。 戡 长 1.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.An Olympic sports event B.An Olympic champion. C.The origin of Olympic Games. 郑 2.How much does the hotel charge now? A.￡80. B.￡90 C.￡100， 郝 3.How many books is the boy required to read? 苗 解 A.Two. B.Three C.Four 4.Why does the man make the call? A.To reschedule a meeting. B.To report an emergency. C.To confirm an appointment. 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Passenger and driver. B.Teacher and student. C.Security guard and visitor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the man think of an electric car? A.It's convenient. B.It's popular. C.It's quiet. 7.What is the man's worry about using an electric car? A.Its travel range is short. B.Its traffic impact is bad.C.Its speed is limited. 英语试题（长郡版）第1页（共10页） 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What can Leo play? A.The piano. B.The guitar. C.The violin. 9.What is the purpose of the music group? A.To help students relax. B.To celebrate National Day. C.To show their talents. 10.Why does Leo refuse to join the music group at first? A.He is too busy. B.He feels he lacks enough practice. C.He is afraid of meeting new people. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.Where probably are the speakers? A.At a family reunion. B.At a social gathering C.At a department meeting 12.What is the man? A.A bank clerk. B.An art director. C.A financial analyst. 13.What does the woman like about her job? A.A high salary. B.Paid leave. C.Travel opportunities. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.What positive changes has Patty seen? A.More parking spaces. B.All new computers. C.More sports teams. 15.What does the woman intend to do next? A.Improve the food in the canteen. B.Better housing conditions on campus. C.Get more job opportunities for students 16.What is the most important according to the woman? A.Enhancing the school's reputation. B.Increasing students'access to resources. C.Making life easier for parents and teachers. 17.What does the man long for? A.The school dance. B.The science fair. C.The spring concert. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.Who are the target listeners likely to be in the future? A.Translators. B.Doctors. C.Writers. 19.What advice does the speaker give to the listeners? A.Trying new topics. B.Choosing tasks seriously C.Improving writing skills. 20.What does the speaker think the listeners should do? A.Believe in themselves. B.Acquire more legal knowledge. C.Never ignore the slightest doubt. 英语试题（长那版）第2页（共10页） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A★ In a city like Pittsburgh that is full of universities,libraries and theatres,celebrating National Poetry Month is easy.Stop by any of the following events to learn more about poetry,present your own poetry,or hear readings of famous poems. Poetry Exchange Workshop Brentwood Public Library Start National Poetry Month off right by heading to this monthly poetry workshop to listen to poets read their works,have your works critiqued()and learn some new poetry writing skills.A small 2 donation to the library is encouraged.If you are bringing some of your poems to share with other poets,bring multiple copies. Whitman Poetry Readings Coffee Tree Roasters The Whitman Poetry Readings hosts a monthly poetry reading by a famous American poet followed by a discussion about the poet's works.The event is free like Poetry Exchange Workshop and is held in a quiet private back room at Coffee Tree Roasters. Word Circus The Most Wanted Fine Art Gallery This event at Chatham University is hosted by the MFA Creative Writing Programme every Friday night.Free to students and the general public,this event showcases student writers as they present their works and encourages attendees to step up to the open microphone and share as many as three of their own poems with the crowd. CMU Poetry Discussion Group Carnegie Library Join this monthly poetry discussion group,which bills itself as a lively conversation about well-loved poets.For Poetry Month,Rita Dove's works will be discussed.Dove served as the youngest and first African-American Poet Laureate of the United States and was the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winner in 1987.Admission to this event is free but registration is encouraged. 21.Which event will a lover of poetry attend to improve his or her writing skills? A.Poetry Exchange Workshop. B.Whitman Poetry Readings. C.Word Circus. D.CMU Poetry Discussion Group. 22.What do these poetry events have in common? A.Required registration. B.Free entrance. C.Featuring American poets. D.Lively discussion. 23.Where is this text probably taken from? A.An autobiography. B.A poetry textbook. C.A course plan. D.A local newspaper 英语试题（长郡版）第3页（共10页） B In Sichuan Province,long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve,is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware()skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. Born in Toulouse,Vincent has been living in southwest China for more than a decade. With the influence of French artists Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse,his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started."I studied their artworks and often wondered why they used Chinese lacquer.In those days,lacquer could not be found in France,"said the artist. Native to Asia,lacquer trees are planted and tapped for their liquid.It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe.So,instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France,Vincent chose to send himself to China. Having explored his connections with lacquer over the years,the artist also learned a range of techniques,which he integrated into his own artworks.To dive deep into the art of lacquerware,Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture()in Sichuan Province,where lacquer craftsmanship is famous.In fact,he actually met two lacquerware craftsmen,who taught him almost everything they knew. "I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it.But I had never seen the Yi people before.I have never heard their language.I've never seen their villages.It's only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture,"said Vincent. This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition.After seeing Vincent's exhibition,Liu Guanzhong,a professor at the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University said,"What he presents is China in his eyes.Vincent has explored a path:the ideas of a modern artist,but rooting the ancient skills in modern life.He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower. 24.What does the underlined word "unravel"mean in paragraph 2? A.Ignore. B.Discover. C.Create. D.Preserve. 25.Why did Vincent come to China? A.To visit the lacquerware exhibition. B.To study Chinese traditional art. C.To get access to lacquer more easily. D.To meet with local lacquerware craftsmen. 26.How did Vincent know about Yi lacquerware before visiting Liangshan? A.By observing Yi lacquerware visually. B.Through artworks of Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse. C.By studying historical documents in France. D.From lectures by Tsinghua University professors. 27.What would Liu Guanzhong agree with about the exhibition? A.It represented idealism B.It featured modern art. C.It explored the roots of art. D.It demonstrated innovation 英语试题（长那版）第4页（共10页） C A corn plant knows how to find water in soil with the very tips of its roots,but some varieties,including many used for developing high-output corn in the U.S.,appear to have lost part of that ability,according to a Stanford-led study.With climate change increasing droughts,the findings hold potential for developing more drought-resistant( varieties of corn. The study,published in the journal Science,uncovers genetic'mechanisms(遗传机制) behind“hydropatterning(水力模式)”，or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil.In particular,the researchers discovered that ethylene,a plant hormone( )known to help bananas ripen,also influences how roots grow to seek water. For this study,the researchers developed a new,simplified way to study water sensitivity in roots.They found corn varieties adapted to hot and wet regions like Mexico were very good at making new root branches toward water and avoiding dry areas.In contrast,the varieties adapted to moderate regions of North America frequently grew roots randomly without distinguishing between dry and wet areas in the soil. "Interestingly,the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems,"said lead author Johannes Scharwies."One idea is that if the plant doesn't waste time growing root branches into places where it doesn't find any water and nutrients,then it has more energy to grow deeper down where water is more likely. Genetic analyses reveal two plant hormones,auxin and ethylene,play a role in how corn roots respond to water.While auxin was already known to help control this process, ethylene's involvement was a new discovery.In experiments with thale cress-a model plant often used in research-the researchers found auxin signaling promotes root branch development toward water,while ethylene stops branching when the root is exposed to air. Further research is needed to better understand the interaction of these genetic pathways before corn varieties can be developed with more drought-resistant root systems,but the findings highlight the significance of studying these localized responses at root tips, researchers said. 28.What is the primary focus of the Stanford-led study? A.Drought-resistant corn varieties. B.Ethylene's effect on fruit ripening C.Genetic control of root branching. D.Impact of climate change on plant roots. 29.What can be inferred from Johannes Scharwies'remarks? A.Plant hormones make a big difference to root growth. B.Nutrients guarantee better water-seeking root systems. C.Root branching conserves energy for higher production. D.Stronger hydropatterning was linked to greater root depth. 30.What can we learn about ethylene from paragraph 5? A.It has long been known to control corn roots'response to water. B.It works with auxin to promote root branching toward water. C.It prevents root branching when the root comes into contact with air. D.It is the only plant hormone affecting corn roots'water response. 英语试题（长郡版）第5页（共10页） 31.What does the last paragraph suggest future research do? A.Prioritize development of new corn varieties. B.Work out the mechanisms of genetic interactions. C.Concentrate merely on localized root responses. D.Expand practical applications of hydropatterning. D A new study has revealed that a prehistoric sea cow was the target of two different predators(捕食动物)一an ancient crocodile and a tiger shark,providing rare insights into the complex food chains from millions of years ago.The research,conducted by an international team of scientists and published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,uncovers one of the few known instances where a single prey()was attacked by many predators. The sea cow,belonging to the extinct group Culebratherium,was first attacked by a crocodile.Evidence then shows that after the initial attack,the sea cow's remains were searched by a tiger shark,a tooth mark of which was found near the unlucky animal's neck. "Have you seen the Batman movie?There is a scene where he and Alfred are shooting bullets to try and figure out which specific type of bullet they are trying to find,"said Benites-Palomino,lead author of the research."Our research was conducted in exactly the same way.We have these experiments in the wild where predators are attacking their prey, and then afterwards we try to compare which is the best scene for what we're finding there." The find is particularly significant as it adds to the limited fossil record of multiple predators interacting with a single prey.Such interactions are common in today's ecosystems,but are rarely documented in the fossil record,making this discovery an important piece of the puzzle in understanding ancient food webs. "We have been unsure as to which animals would have served this purpose as a food source for multiple predators.Our previous research has identified sperm whales searched by several shark species,and this new research highlights the importance of sea cows within the food chain,"Benites-Palomino said in a statement. The digging,directed by Marcelo Sanchez-Villagra,head of the Palaeontological Institute and Museum in Zurich,Switzerland,was both challenging and rewarding.The site was initially discovered by a local farmer who spotted unusual rocks,inspiring the team to investigate further and eventually unearth the sea cow fossils. 32.What do we know about the prehistoric sea cow? A.It reached the top of food chains. B.It is thought to have complex teeth. C.It belongs to an endangered species. D.It was attacked by two different animals. 33.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The scene of animal fights. B.The method of the research. C.The introduction of a movie. D.The danger of the experiments 英语试题（长那版）第6页（共10页） 34.What does the importance of the study lie in? A.Challenging the current ecosystems. B.Offering insights into ancient food webs. C.Clarifying the misunderstanding of sea cows. D.Figuring out the link between man and nature. 35.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.The Batman Movie Inspired Research B.A Puzzle in Complex Ancient Food Chains C.Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow D.An Important Biological Discovery of a Farmer 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 Everyone knows that it takes 21 days to develop a new habit.We probably owe this particular example of pop-psychology wisdom to Maxwell Maltz,the plastic surgeon who claimed to have observed that individuals who had had an arm or leg cut off took an average of only 21 days to adjust to the loss of a limb().36.And therefore it must take 21 days to change a habit,maybe,perhaps! 37,as a new study by psychologist Phillippa Lally and her colleagues helps confirm. On average,her subjects,who were trying to learn new habits such as eating fruit daily or going jogging,took a depressing 66 days before reporting that the behaviour had become unchangingly automatic.38.It couldn't be just as easy to start eating a few more apples as to start finding five hours a week to study Chinese. Self-help culture sticks to the fiction of the 21-day rule,probably because it makes habit change sound basically easy.39.Our brains are designed to take short cuts,making as many behaviours as possible automatic."Really,"asks the psychologist Ian Newby-Clark, "what would be the point of having a habit that didn't free up your mind to focus on more pressing matters?"Habits are meant to be difficult to change. Another problem is that we tend to think about habit change wrongly.We want to,say, stop watching so much TV,but on the other hand,demonstrably,we also want to watch lots of TV-after all,we keep doing it.We're stuck deep in what the Greeks called "akrasia": deciding on the best course of action,then doing something else.40.Simply stop watching TV is like dealing with a leaky bathroom tap by repainting the kitchen.What's required is an alternative way to feel relaxed and happy.Maybe by looking at the problem differently we can slip out of them. A.This is,of course,nonsense B.The 21-day rule does have some scientific basis C.We believe that habits are purely a matter of willpower D.The way round this is to see that habits are responses to needs E.Therefore,he reasoned the same must be true of all big changes F.And some habits,unsurprisingly,were harder than others to make stick G.One problem with this is discouragingly simple:changing habits is hard 英语试题（长郡版）第7页（共10页） 第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 A woman who hated her body has shared an important message on Instagram about how exercise has greatly changed her.It has improved not only her build but also her 41 In a video clip shared by Cheryl,she 42 the difference between "wanting to lose weight to look good"and"losing weight to feel good".The video showcases her 22-pound weight-loss journey,which has been far from 43.She told Newsweek about the documented highs and lows,which 44 more than 1.1 million views online.She said:"I wanted to show the realistic side of a(n)45 weight loss while sending out a message that the mindset shift is the most powerful part of the journey. Before starting her exercise plan and healthier eating in May,Cheryl felt insecure and 46_confidence.This led her to adopt a“mind over matter(物质)”approach as she continues to 47 five to six times per week,even when she doesn't want to."I did feel burnt out at times,but every time I lay in bed and thought about 48 the gym,I always thought back to the times when I was overweight and unattractive,Cheryl told Newsweek. “It's awful to be unwanted.” The videos include her preparing salad,eggs,and vegetables;walking with a smile on her face to the gym;and 49 weights."I used to 50 going to the gym,but now,it is like my safe haven.Whether I am sad or angry,I kind of just let all my 51 out at the gym.”Cheryl said. "I feel amazing.I learned to enjoy the process of 52 my body and creating a healthy lifestyle,"Cheryl added. So far,Cheryl has received a sea of 53 online on the video that has more than 76,000 likes."It's incredible.Your 54,devotion,determination and patience 55 Keep it up,said one user. 41.A.mindset B.efficiency C.performance D.tolerance 42.A.inspects B.observes C.highlights D.appreciates 43.A.possible B.realistic C.challenging D.easy 44.A.exchanged B.gathered C.presented D.adopted 45.A.healthy B.negative C.medical D.awful 46.A.built B.restored C.lacked D.enhanced 47.A.calm down B.work out C.give out D.break down 48.A.skipping B.solving C.passing D.investigating 49.A.throwing B.gaining C.lifting D.consuming 50.A.regret B.fancy C.miss D.fear 51.A.energies B.emotions C.motives D.spirits 52.A.loving B.expanding C.continuing D.examining 53.A.criticism B.support C.doubt D.advice 54.A.kindness B.generosity C.self-control D.honesty 55.A.ran out B.worn out C.showed off D.paid off ★第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Born in Hungary in 1847,in his teens Joseph Pulitzer moved to America,56 he regularly visited the library and studied English and law.While in the library one day,he began chatting to 57 (editor)of a German-language newspaper and they offered him a job. 英语试题（长那版）第8页（共10页） Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and 58 the age of 25,he had become a publisher.In 1878,he founded 59 newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch and worked 60 (tireless),from early in the morning until midnight.His paper published articles about politics and social issues,61 (accuse)government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying 62 (they)taxes.In 1883,he bought the New York World and used the same business strategy he 63 (employ)at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country. Pulitzer was the first 64 (advocate)the training of journalists at university level.In 1892,he offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism.Pulitzer died in 1911.One year after his death,the Columbia School of Journalism 65 (establish).Six years after his death,the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded. ★第三节课文默写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 66.As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you another level of meaning,it will have been worth your effort. 67.Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings,which the lifeless objects he describes,and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets. 68.The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, 69.In the future,advertising will be even more about understanding individual customers and sending them advertisements that specific needs 70.In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time,China also first in the medal table. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 为庆祝四月二十日联合国中文日，你校举办了相关的主题活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报 道，内容包括： 1.活动内容（至少两个活动）； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Chinese Language Day Celebrations on Campus 英语试题（长郡版）第9页（共10页） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in Primary Five,I was in the basketball school team.Every month,we would have a basketball match against another school's basketball team.In spite of all the cheers we received from our classmates and the amount of training we had,we had never won a single match before.That was due to our lack of teamwork and cooperation. During one of our training sessions,our school team was divided into two to have a match against each other.The inter-school competition was coming up and none of us wanted to miss our chance of getting that gold trophy(奖杯).“Three,two,one,start!”our basketball coach,Coach Leong shouted.John,who was in my team,managed to grab the ball that Coach Leong threw in the air.Since John grabbed the ball,he refused to let anyone,not even his teammates,take it. "Pass the ball to me,John!"I shouted.I was in a good position to shoot the ball into the hoop().To my shock,John made a rude face at me.I made an attempt to grab the ball from him.When I got my hands on the ball,it became a tug-of-.war(微烈竞争)between John and me.Coach Leong shook his head and exploded like an active volcano,"Children! Is this the type of behaviour that I should be seeing?The match is in two weeks!Do you even know the importance of teamwork?"Coach Leong gave us a disappointed look.It seemed as if he had some sad news to tell us. I was right. Coach Leong explained that he would be retiring after the match."I hope you can show me your teamwork and cooperate with one another in this match,before I retire."I choked on my tears.My heart sank.We were giving Coach Leong such a tough time,when all he wanted was for us to show teamwork in the match.After that day,my teammates and I were determined to do our best and work as a team. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the day of the match,we stood face-to-face with our opponents,the team from River Primary School. John did a perfect overhead throw and I caught the ball in mid-air. 英语试题（长郡版）第10页（共10页）长郡中学2025年下学期高二期中考试 英语参考答案 题序 1 2 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案 C C A A B B B C B 题序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A A B C 及 0 B C A D D O 题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 B D 力 B C E r F D A C 0 衣 A 题序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答案 B A D B A B D 【语篇导读】这是一篇介绍类应用文，围绕匹兹堡市在全国诗歌月期间举办的各类诗歌活动展开，涵盖活动内容、地，点、 特色等，旨在向读者呈现当地丰富的诗歌文化活动，为诗歌爱好者提供参与信息，助力其了解诗歌、分享创作或聆听 佳作。 2l.A。细节理解题。根据“Poetry Exchange Workshop”部分中的“learn some new poetry writing skills'”可知，该活动 能提升诗歌写作技能，诗歌爱好者可借此提升写作水平，选A。 22.B。细节理解题。虽然“Poetry Exchange Workshop'”鼓励捐赠但非强制收费，且根据“Whitman Poetry Reading”部 分中的“The event is free like Poetry Exchange Workshop'”可知，Poetry Exchange Workshop免费；“Whitman Poetry Readings'"“Word Circus'”“CMU Poetry Discussion Group”均提及免费参与，这些活动共性是可免费入场， 选B。 23.D。推理判断题。文章介绍匹兹堡当地诗歌月活动，这类面向民众的文化活动信息，常出现在当地报纸，选D。 A选项“An autobiography'”自传，B选项“A poetry textbook”"诗歌教材，C选项“A course plan'”课程计划，均不符合。 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位出生于图卢兹的艺术家文森特，他一直在探索中国漆器的秘密，并 把中国漆器艺术融入到自己的作品中。 24.B。词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started(他unravel中国漆器秘密的旅程以及对漆器艺术的迷恋开始了)”中的“the secrets of Chinese lacquerware'”可猜测画线单词unravel为“揭示，发现”的意思，和B选项Discover'“发现”意思相 近。故选B。 25.C。细节理解题。第三段中的“It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe.So,instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France,Vincent chose to send himself to China."表明欧洲几乎找不到漆树，为了避免 持续将漆运回法国的麻烦，文森特选择来到中国，这样能更便捷地获取漆。A选项，文中未提及他来中国是为了参 观漆器展览；B选项，他来中国的主要目的不是研究中国传统艺术，而是获取漆；D选项，结识当地漆器工匠是来中 国之后发生的事，并非来中国的原因。所以正确答案是C。 26.A。细节理解题。第五段中Vincent提到：“I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it.[我过去仅 仅通过观察（漆器）来了解彝族漆艺。]”，对应选项A。 27.D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What he presents is China in his eyes.Vincent has explored a path:the ideas of a modern artist,but rooting the ancient skills in modern life.He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower.(他呈现的是他眼中的中国。文森特探索出了一条道路：现代艺术家的思想，但将传统技艺植根于现代 生活之中。他为一颗老种子找到了新的土壤，让它绽放出新的花朵。)”可推知，刘冠中认为这次展览是创新的。故 选D。 【语篇导读】本文介绍斯坦福玉米研究，揭示根系向水遗传机制，对比品种差异，为培育抗旱玉米提供方向，具有科学与 实用价值。 28.C。研究主要揭示了“hydropatterning'”背后的遗传机制，即根分支的遗传调控。A选项，培育抗旱玉米品种是研究 的潜在意义，不是重点；B选项，乙烯对果实成熟的影响不是研究核心；D选项，气候变化对植物根的影响不是主要 研究内容。 29.D。Johannes Scharwies说更善于感知水的植物根系更深，说明更强的向水性与更大的根深度有关。A选项，植物 激素对根生长有影响，但不是他言论的重点；B选项，文中未提及营养物质保证更好的寻水根系；C选项，根分支节 省能量从而实现更高产不是他话中的含义。 英语参考答案（长都版）一1 30.C。根据原文关键句“while ethylene stops branching when the root is exposed to air(而当根系接触空气时，乙烯会 抑制分支的形成)”，其中“stops branching”与选项C中的“prevents root branching'”同义，“is exposed to air'”与 “comes into contact with air'”同义，表述完全匹配。选项A错误：原文明确提到“ethylene's involvement was a new discovery(乙烯的参与是一项新发现)”，而非“长期以来为人所知”，与原文矛盾。选项B错误：原文指出“auxin signaling promotes root branch development toward water(生长素信号促进根系向水生长分支)”，而乙烯的作用是 “抑制分支”，并非“共同促进”，二者功能相反。选项D错误：第五段开头即说明“two plant hormones,auxin and ethylene,play a role(生长素和乙烯两种激素均发挥作用)”，并非“唯一一种”，与原文信息不符。 31.B。最后一段提到在培育具有更抗旱根系的玉米品种之前，需要更好地理解这些遗传途径的相互作用。A选项，不 是优先开发新玉米品种：C选项，不仅仅关注局部根反应；D选项，未提及扩大向水性的实际应用。 32.D。第一段提到了一种史前海牛(prehistoric sea cow)是两种不同捕食者一古代鳄鱼和虎鲨的目标。这表明这种 海牛是被捕食者，而不是食物链的顶端。因此，选项D(It was attacked by two different animals),正确。 33.B。第三段通过比喻提到了研究的方法，将他们的研究比作电影《蝙蝠侠》中的一个场景，其中蝙蝠侠和阿尔弗雷 德通过射击子弹来确定子弹的类型。这表明这段主要讨论的是研究的方法，因此选项B(The method of the research)是正确的。 34.B。第四段提到了这项研究的重要性，它增加了有限的化石记录中多个捕食者与单一猎物相互作用的记录。这种 相互作用在如今的生态系统中很常见，但在化石记录中很少被记录，使得这一发现成为理解古代食物网的重要部 分。因此，选项B(Offering insights into ancient food webs)是正确的。 35.C。本文主要讨论了一项关于史前海牛的研究，这种海牛被两种不同的捕食者捕食，提供了对数百万年前复杂食 物链的罕见见解。选项C(Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow)直接反映了文章的核心内容，即海牛被鲨鱼 和鳄鱼捕食的情况，因此是最佳标题。 36.E。选项E承接上文，上文提到这一观点源自Maxwell Maltz的观察，E项中的代词“he”代指Maxwell。 37.A。选项A直接反驳了第一段的观点，引出下文的研究结果形成对比，同时引出下文关于习惯养成时间的进一步 讨论。 38.F。选项F直接指出了不同习惯养成的难易程度不同，照应后文中将吃苹果和学汉语相对比的例子。 39.G。选项G指出了坚持21天规则的一个主要问题，即改变习惯很难，下文中大脑如何使行为自动化的例子也佐证 了这一观点。 40.D。选项D提出了解决习惯问题的方法(the way round this),即认识到习惯是对需求的回应，这与上文中改变看电 视的习惯相呼应，下文也进一步阐释了具体的解决方案。 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了Cheryl(谢丽尔)通过锻炼改变自我并在Instagram上分享她减肥的历程，传 递重要信息，启示人们健身改变的不仅仅是体型，更是心态。 41.A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅改善了她的体型，还改善了她的心态。A.mindset心态；B.efficiency效率； C.performance表现；D.endurance耐力。根据下文“She said:‘I wanted to show the realistic side of a(n)45 weight loss while sending out a message that the mindset shift is the most powerful part of the journey.,”可知，运 动不仅改善了Cheryl的体型，还改变了她的心态，nindset是原词复现。故选A项。 42.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：在谢丽尔分享的一段视频中，她强调了“为了好看而想减肥”和“为了感觉好而减肥” 之间的区别。A.inspects检查；B.observes观察；C.highlights强调；D.appreciates欣赏，感激。根据下文“The video showcases her22-pound weight-loss journey'”以及语境可知，视频展示了Cheryl的减肥历程，所以此处指她在 视频中强调了这两种减肥目的的区别。故选C项。 43.D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段视频展示了她减重22磅的历程，这绝非易事。A.possible可能的；B.realistic 现实的；C.challenging有挑战性的；D.easy容易的。根据下文“She told Newsweek about the documented highs and lows”以及语境可知，Cheryl的减肥历程有高潮也有低谷，所以这绝非容易的。故选D项。 44.B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向《新闻周刊》讲述了这段有记录的起起落落，在网上获得了超过110万的点击 量。A.exchanged交换；B.gathered聚集，获得；C.presented呈现；D.adopted采用，收养。根据下文“more than 1.1 million views online”以及语境可知，此处指这段视频在网上获得了超过ll0万的点击量。故选B项。 45.A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我想展示健康减肥的现实一面，同时传达一个信息，即心态的转变是这段 旅程中最强大的部分。”A.healthy健康的；B.negative悲观的；C.medical医学的；D.awful糟糕的。根据下文 “Before starting her exercise plan and healthier eating in May'”可知，Cheryl开始了锻炼计划和更健康的饮食，所以 此处指健康的减肥。故选A项。 46.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：在5月开始她的锻炼计划和更健康的饮食之前，谢丽尔感到没有安全感，缺乏自信。 A.built建立；B.restored恢复；C.lacked缺乏；D.enhanced提高。根据上文“Cheryl felt insecure”可知，Cheryl感 到没有安全感，所以此处指缺乏自信。故选C项。 47.B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：这让她采取了“心态胜于物质”的方法，因为她继续每周锻炼五到六次，即使她不想 去。A.calm down冷静下来；B.work out锻炼；C.give out分发，发出；D.break down分解，出故障。根据上文 英语参考答案（长郡版）一2 “Before starting her exercise plan and healthier eating in May?”可知，Cheryl开始了锻炼计划，所以此处指每周锻炼 五到六次。故选B项。 48.A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔告诉《新闻周刊》：“我有时确实感到筋疲力尽，但每次我躺在床上想到不去健 身房时，我总是会回想起我超重且没有吸引力的时候。”A.skipping跳过，不参加；B.solving解决：C.passing通过： D.investigating调查。根据上文“I did feel burnt out at times'”可知，Cheryl有时感到筋疲力尽，所以此处指想到不 参加健身房的锻炼。故选A项。 49.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些视频包括她准备沙拉、鸡蛋和蔬菜：面带微笑地走向健身房；以及举重。 A.throwing扔；B.gaining获得；C.lifting举起；D.consuming消耗。根据空后的“weights'”以及语境可知，此处指举 重，lift weights是固定短语。故选C项。 50.D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以前害怕去健身房，但现在，它就像我的避风港。无论我是悲伤还是愤怒，我都 可以在健身房里释放我所有的情绪。”谢丽尔说。A.regret后悔；B.fancy想象，喜爱；C.miss想念；D.fear害怕。 根据下文“but now,it is like my safe haven”可知，现在健身房是Cheryl的避风港，but表示转折，所以此处指以前 害怕去健身房。故选D项。 51.B。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.energies精力；B.emotions情绪；C.motives动机；D.spirits精神。根据上文 “Whether I am sad or angry'”以及语境可知，此处指无论悲伤还是愤怒，Cheryl都可以在健身房释放情绪。故选 B项。 52.A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我感觉棒极了。我学会了享受爱自己的身体和创造健康生活方式的过程。”谢丽尔 补充道。A.loving爱；B.expanding扩大，增强；C.continuing继续；D.examining检查。根据“my body and creating a healthy lifestyle”以及上文内容可知，运动改变了Cheryl的心态，她不再讨厌自己的身体，所以此处指学会了爱自 己的身体。故选A项。 53.B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，谢丽尔在这段获得了超过7.6万个赞的视频上收到了大量的网上支 持。A.criticism批评；B.support支持；C.doubt怀疑；D.advice建议。根据下文“on the video that has more than 76,000 likes'”以及语境可知，视频获得了很多赞，所以Cheryl收到了大量的支持。故选B项。 54.C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位用户说：“这太不可思议了。你的自律、奉献、决心和耐心得到了回报！继续保 持，”A.kindness善良；B.generosity慷慨；C.self-control自制力；D.honesty诚实。根据上文“she continues to 47 five to six times per week,even when she doesn't want to'”可知，Cheryl每周坚持锻炼五到六次，即使不想 去也会去，这体现了她的自律。故选C项。 55.D。考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.ran out用完；B.worn out穿破，使疲惫不堪；C.showed off炫耀；D.paid off 得到回报。根据“devotion,determination and patience”"以及上文可知，Cheryl通过锻炼减肥成功，心态也发生了 积极的变化，所以此处指她的自律、奉献、决心和耐心得到了回报。故选D项。 56.where。这里是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的地点“America'”,所以用关系副词where。 57.editors。根据后文“.they offered him a job'”,可知此处应该用复数名词. 58.by。 59.the。后面的“St Louis Post-Dispatch”是报纸的专有名称，前面需要加定冠词the表示持指。 6O.tirelessly。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词“worked'”,所以用tireless的副词形式tirelessly。 6l.accusing。这里是现在分词作伴随状语，表示报纸在发表文章的同时，也在指责"。 62.their。这里需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词“taxes'”,所以用they的所有格形式their。 63.had employed。“使用策略”这个动作发生在“收购报社”之前，而“收购报社”是过去时，所以这里要用过去完成时。 64.to advocate。当名词前面有序数词修饰时，后面通常用不定式作后置定语，所以这里用to advocate。 65.was established。“哥伦比亚新闻学院”是被建立的，所以要用被动语态；这里描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去 时的被动语态。 66.perceive 67.breathes vitality into 68.leaving people on the upper floors trapped 69.are tailored to 70.ranked 第四部分 第一节 【参考范文】 Chinese Language Day Celebrations on Campus To help students gain deep insight into our mother tongue and appreciate its beauty,our school held series of celebrations on April 20th,the Chinese Language Day.Participants include language experts,all the school teachers as well as students. The celebrations include various wonderful activities.Language experts were invited to write Chinese calligraphy on the scene,winning whole-hearted praises from the audience.There were also speeches given by our teachers on 英语参考答案（长郡版）一3 how the Chinese language has thrived into modern times.The highlight was the students'poetry-recitation competition,fully displaying the rhythm and imagery of Chinese literary works. The celebration proved to be a huge success.Participants spoke highly of it,saying that the activities enabled them to view our language in a more comprehensive and deeper angle. 一、评分维度 1.内容：要点覆盖全面、表达清楚合理、要点可以不分先后。 2.语言：使用语法和结构的正确性、得体性、恰当性。 3.语篇：上下文的衔接和全文的连贯，体现逻辑。 二、要点及分值 *应用文三大板块意识的树立： 板块一：写作背景/目的parm.1) 要点1：介绍写作背景/目的(3分)：为庆祝四月二十日联合国中文日 板块二：主体部分(parm.2) 要点2：活动内容(6分)：至少两个活动，每个活动3分 板块三：活动反响(para.3) 要点3：活动反响(4分) 此外 要点4：体现衔接和连贯(2分)：结构与内在的逻辑 特别注意：1.词数少于60的，从总分中减去1~2分： 2.字迹难以辨认，从总分中减去1一2分： 3.文体或格式等不符合规范，三档以下。 各档次的给分范围和要求 档次 描述 完全完成了试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第五档 1.覆盖所有内容要点； (1315分) 2.语言表达准确、多样并且恰当； 3.有效地使用了衔接手段，使全文结构紧凑。 完成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档 1.覆盖所有内容要点； (10~12分) 2.语言表达比较准确、多样，有些许语言错误； 3.比较有效地使用了衔接手段，使全文结构较为紧凑。 基本完成了试题规定的任务，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档 1.覆盖大部分内容要点； (7~9分) 2.语言表达比较单一，有一些语言错误； 3.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，全文不够紧凑。 未恰当完成试题规定的任务，未能清楚地将信息传达给读者。 第二档 1.遗漏一些要点或写了一些无关内容； (4一6分) 2词汇有限，语法结构单一，错误较多： 3.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 未完成试题规定的任务，未能将信息传达给读者。 第一档 1.遗漏大部分内容要点，只写出少量相关内容； (13分) 2.词汇有限，语法结构单一，错误很多，以致影响理解； 3.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 不得分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法 (0分) 看清。 英语参考答案（长郡版）一4 第二节 【参考范文】 On the day of the match,we stood face-to-face with our opponents,the team from River Primary School. Approaching us,Coach Leong reminded us to work as a team.The moment the judge blew the whistle and threw the basketball into the air,I knew I had to give my team a head start,so I jumped up in the air to grab the ball."John, catch!"I shouted at the top of my voice.Casting a knowing glance at me,John ran at lightning speed.Before the opposing team could reach John,he had already shot the ball into the basketball hoop.Our team cheered with wild joy.The following minutes witnessed the relentless drive and perfectly combined efforts of each member of our entire team.Once again,the ball found its way back to John's hand. John did a perfect overhead throw and I caught the ball in mid-air.As the entire opposing team charged towards me,I kept calm even though I was surrounded.I threw the ball over their heads.It flew through the air like a missile into the hands of Eric,who was standing right behind our opponents,next to the basketball hoop.Eric shot the ball into the hoop.We won the match 5-0.Coach Leong had a big smile on his face.We ran to him,and he hugged us all. "You've shown what teamwork is all about,"he said proudly.We not only won the trophy but also made Coach Leong's last match a memorable one. 一、评分维度 1.内容：续写内容的质量（合理性、前文逻辑一致、切合主题、符合生活常理、符合文化习惯）、完整性、与原文情节的融 洽度； 2.语言：使用语法和结构的正确性、得体性、恰当性； 3.语篇：上下文的衔接和全文的连贯，体现逻辑。 二、特别注意 1.关于续写作文的主题：所续写部分的主题与所读文本的主题是否正向和鲜明： 2.逻辑性：特别指衔接连贯的程度上。如： ①续写部分与所给短文的逻辑性、一致性 ②续写内容与段落开头的一致性 ③两个段落之间是否逻辑连贯 3.续写部分是否需要点题和升华：合理的点题和升华，可以接受，但不作为加分项目；作为第三者视角进行大段的点评， 需要降档扣分； 4.阅卷时，背套路句，如果可以得体表达内容，可以接受；但是如果使用生硬，不够得体，则降档处理； 5.内容和语言确实同等重要。但对于三档作文，更多关注内容是否表达完整；内容来定档次，语言来定高低； 6.抄袭试卷文章或者背诵与主题无关的句子，达到三分之一的篇幅，为零分： 7.及格线的把握：只要你所写的内容表明你没有看懂所给的文章时，肯定不及格： 8.续写与原文语言风格的协同性：与原文严重不一致，不能得高分。 三、几点建议 l.续写可基于主题“Teamwork and cooperation'”。 2.续写的第一段解决原文中的矛盾（冲突）一：前文铺垫了团队因缺乏合作失败，以及教练退休的契机，续写时要让团队 转变的动机（为教练、为荣誉）清晰；二：从约翰的自私到主动传球的转变要通过细节（如约翰的眼神、团队的沟通）推 动，避免突兀。三：第一段的结尾句必须提到约翰抢到了球，如未提到，必须扣分。 3.续写的第二段突出团队的合作以及因为合作而取得胜利，呼应前文的“训练时的争执”，用比赛中的“默契配合”形成 对比，强化成长主题。 4.突出人物变化：重点刻画约翰和“我”的行为转变，通过动作（如约翰主动传球、“我”果断投篮）、神态（教练的微笑、队 友的欢呼)展现人物在团队中的成长。 5.侧面烘托氛围：用对手的反应（措手不及）、观众的欢呼来侧面体现团队合作的效果，让胜利的喜悦更具感染力。 英语参考答案（长郡版）一5 各档次给分范围和要求 档次 描述 1.创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高： 第五档 2.使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解； (21~25分) 3.自然有效地使用了段落间、句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 1.创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高； 第四档 2.使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解； (16~20分) 3.比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 1.创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关； 第三档 2.使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解； (11~15分) 3.使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 1.创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关； 第二档 2.使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解： (6~10分) 3.尚有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 1.内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节； 第一档 2.所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解； (15分) 3.未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 不得分 未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判：所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。 (0分) 听力材料 Text 1 W:Mark,do you know who was the first champion of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics? M:Yes.I know it's a Chinese girl.Her name is on the tip of my tongue. W:It's Qian Yang.She won the 10-meter rifle shooting competition on Saturday,July 24,2021. M:You're right. Text 2 M:I hope you've enjoyed your stay with us. W:Yes,it was lovely,but I had to pay f90.Last time I only paid f 80. M:Yes,I'm sorry,Madam.But that is actually a 10%discount off our normal price as you're a regular guest Text 3 W:So,Henry,you read two books on the list during the summer vacation.You just get through half of it.What happened? M:I lost my library card,so I couldn't borrow books.But I read three magazines instead. Text 4 M:Hi,Samantha,this is Marco calling. W:Oh,hi Marco.What's up? M:I wonder if we can put off our meeting till tomorrow.I have a bit of an emergency. W:It shouldn't be too much of a problem. 英语参考答案（长郡版）一6 Text 5 M:Excuse me,ma'am,do you need any assistance? W:Yes,I'm looking for my keys.I think I dropped them somewhere around here when I was parking my car.Have you seen a set of keys? M:I'll check the area for you.We've had a few people lose things around here.It's a common spot for tourists to misplace items. W:Thanks. Text 6 W:I'd like to buy an electric car.They're much cleaner and cheaper than petrol cars. M:That's true.And they can cut down noise pollution,too. W:But what makes me anxious is that with more electric cars on the roads,we'll have more traffic jams. M:Maybe.And there is another problem about the distance it can travel.The driving range of electric cars is very short,and you cannot go more than 500 miles with the help of it. Text 7 W:Leo,I saw a photo of you playing the piano on the display board in the classroom. M:Yeah,that was a year ago.I took part in a piano competition. W:We are trying to organize a music group to celebrate National Day.We have enough guitar players,violin players, but we still need some piano players. M:Oh,really?Sounds good to me.But... W:Are you too busy with your study? M:No,actually I haven't played the piano for a long time.I'm afraid I can't play as well as I used to. W:Don't worry about it.We'll be practising for a few months before we have to perform. M:OK,then,I'd be glad to.It can help me relax and it's a good chance to meet new people. W:That's true.And I'm sure your piano will be a great addition to our group. M:I do hope so. Text 8 M:Hello,my name is George. W:Hi,my name is Mattia. M:Pleased to meet you,do you know the host of the party? W:Yes,the host,Mary is a good friend of mine. M:I came with my friend Susan,who knows Mary.How do you know Mary? W:Oh,we work together in the same office in a bank. M:What do you do there? W:I'm a financial analyst.How about you? M:I'm a director responsible for art design at Leo Burnett,an advertising company. W:Do you work with any specific customers? M:Yes,I work with Pepsi Cola.What do you do at the bank? W:I deal with numbers in the accounting area of the international division. M:Do you like it? W:Yes,it is interesting and I get a chance to travel overseas. M:That's a nice bonus. 英语参考答案（长郡版）一7 Text 9 M:I'm here with Patty Davis,our class president.Today,Patty is going to share some of the issues going on in our school.Hello,Patty. W:Hello,Paul. M:Since you were elected class president at the beginning of the year,what positive changes have you seen? W:Well,we just made a big improvement in our computer lab this year.Thanks to our previous president and our principal's help,we now have all-new computers. M:That's great.What about the students'request to add more parking spaces? W:Unfortunately,that's not something I have control over.However,my plan to have our cooks serve healthier lunches has been approved. M:Good for you. W:Most importantly,I want all students to have more proper resources to succeed.That means a better library and better equipment for our sports teams. M:Well,it's about time we won a championship!What about the school dance?I'm really looking forward to it. W:We'll be ready to go at the end of the month.But what I'm really excited about is the science fair next week.It's a fantastic opportunity to show how talented our students are.And don't forget our spring concert next month. You won't want to miss it! M:Thanks a lot,Patty.Well,we're out of time.Check out all the latest new and my article in the school newspaper! Text 10 W:Today,I'm going to talk about the key things you need to remember when you go out into the world as translators.The first thing is to choose assignments carefully.It's not wise to agree to do every job you're offered even if you're in need of work.You should refuse to do something if you don't know anything about the topic,as it would be impossible for you to produce a good piece of writing.And it could be serious-a mistranslation that's going to be used for medical or legal purposes could have bad results.If you have the slightest doubt about what something means, then consult a dictionary or someone whose mother tongue is the language you're translating from.It's much better to devote a bit of time and effort to checking something than to risk making a possible serious error. 英语参考答案（长郡版）一8