Unit 2 Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教师用书配套课件（译林版）

该高中英语课件聚焦过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态，核心词汇（如limit, pour）及体育习语，通过体育主题导入，从词汇讲解、语法结构分析到语境应用（短文填空、习语阅读），搭建“词汇-语法-语用”的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，以体育习语阅读为语境载体，结合语法注解（如定语从句分析）和即时训练，帮助学生在真实语境中理解语法规则。采用“讲练结合+主题阅读”方法，学生能提升语言综合运用能力，教师可利用丰富资源高效教学。

Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练 (Grammar and usage) UNIT 2　 Sports culture 主题语境　人与社会——体育活动 1．limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt．限制，限定；限量，减量 (1)limit...to...　　　 把……限定在……范围内 (2)set a limit to... 限定范围在…… There is a/no limit to... 对……是有限制的/没有限制的。 within the limit of 在……范围内 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) (3)limited adj． 有限的 be limited to... 受限于…… (4)limitless adj． 无限制的；无止境的 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Having realized that your time is _______ (limit)，you will have to study for your goals without anger and hesitation． limited Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ②一个人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务的工作中去。 A man's life __________，but ____________________ serving the people．I will _____________________________________ of serving the people． ③文章的长度限制在大约400字。 The article should ___________ 400 words or so． is limited there is no limit to devote my limited life to the limitless job be limited to Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 2．pour vt．& vi．倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 pour out　　　　　　 倾倒 pour down (雨)倾盆而下 pour out of... 从……中涌出 pour in/into 涌进 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The river pours _______ the sea． ②人群开始从音乐厅涌出来。 The crowd began ______________________ the concert hall． ③他是如此着急，以至于汗水开始沿着他的面颊淌下来。 He was so worried that sweat began to __________________． in/into pouring/to pour out of pour down his face Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态 一、过去进行时的被动语态 (一)过去进行时的被动语态构成 1．过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式：was/were＋being＋done。 Another bridge was being built over the Yangtze River then． 那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 2．过去进行时的被动语态的否定式：was/were＋not＋being＋done。 The movie star wasn't being stalked by a fan at this time yesterday． 昨天的这个时候那个电影明星没有在被影迷跟踪。 3．过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。 Was a new library being put up in their school just then? 他们学校在当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 4．过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were(＋主语)＋being＋done? What was being done to the machine? 对这台机器采取了什么措施？ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) (二)过去进行时的被动语态的基本用法 1．过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。 At this time last year this office building was being built here． 去年此时这座办公楼正在这里建造中。 2．少数及物动词的过去进行时的被动语态表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。 I heard some rock music was being played by them next week． 我听说下周将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [即时训练1]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He said that the man __________________(operate) on when he arrived at the hospital． ②He told me that a new station _______________ (build) at this time last year． was being operated was being built Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ③The English party ______________ (hold) in the lecture hall at 7 o'clock yesterday． ④昨天的这个时候，这位超级巨星并没有被粉丝包围。 The superstar _____________________ by fans at this time yesterday． ⑤那时，对那所废弃地区的新学校做了什么呢？ ___________________ to the new school over the deserted area then? was being held wasn't being surrounded What was being done Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 二、过去完成时的被动语态 (一)过去完成时的被动语态构成：had＋ been＋done Three books had been given to him by me． 三本书已由我交给了他。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) (二)过去完成时的被动语态的用法 1．过去完成时的被动语态表示过去发生的被动动作对后来发生的动作产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I had been told the sports meet would be put off． 我已被告知运动会要被推迟。(结果：之前我知道运动会要被推迟。) All the preparations for the task had been done before we started． 在我们开始之前，这次任务的所有准备工作都已经完成了。(影响：我们开始前已具备条件。) Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 2．过去完成时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，并且有可能持续到说话时。可与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。 The machine had been repaired for two hours when I got there． 当我到那儿时，这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：当我到时机器已被修了两个小时，可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修。) Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) I knew she hadn't been heard from since then． 我知道从那时候起，她就没来过信。(持续：从那以后，一直没收到她的信，以后也可能收不到。) Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 3．过去完成时的被动语态经常用于虚拟语气中。 The thick smog covered the whole city．It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it． 浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一块巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上方一般。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [即时训练2]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①By the end of last year，10，000 trees ________________ (plant) in that village． ②His village ________________ (flood) in the heavy rain，so he moved to his parents' house． ③He found that his wallet _______________ (steal) on the bus． had been planted had been flooded had been stolen Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ④It was the second time that Tom _________________ (punish) so seriously． ⑤上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。 His newly written novel ___________________________ by the end of last month． ⑥我到家的时候，她的家庭作业还没有完成。 Her homework _____________________ when I got home． had been punished had been translated into English had not been finished Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 短文语境填空 Our school 1．_________ (build)in 1932．She 2．_____________ _______________ (destroy)twice before．By 1978，the school 3．_____________ (use) for meetings or other activities．Several years later，she gradually came 4．__ life again．By the end of last century，our school 5．_________________ (regard) as a provincial model high school once again．When I came to study here，she 6．_____________ was built had been destroyed had been used to had been regarded had been given Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) (give) many honors both at home 7．___ abroad．Before the last year's anniversary of the founding of our school，most of the school's buildings 8．________________ (rebuild)．Recently I was told that a new canteen 9．_______________ (build)．I think our school will be 10．______________ (beautiful)． and had been rebuilt was being built more beautiful Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ①idiom n．习语，成语 ②find one's way into偶然来到，无意中处于 ③take a look 看一下 ④league n．联赛；等级，级别 第二篇课文(Extended reading) Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ⑤be full of充满 ⑥opposing adj．对抗的；相反的 ⑦net n．球门网；网，网状物 ⑧have a chance有机会 ⑨not only... but also... 不但……而且…… ⑩move the goalposts改变条件 (或规则) Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ⑪insurance n．保险业；保险；保险费 ⑫salesman n．售货员，推销员 ⑬be about to即将；正打算 ⑭sales target销售目标 ⑮complain vi．& vt．抱怨，投诉 complain about抱怨 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ⑯score an own goal进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 ⑰make a mistake犯错误 ⑱unintentionally adv．无意地，非故意地 ⑲council n．政务委员会，地方议会；市政服务机构；委员会 ⑳make a decision作出决定 ㉑backfire vi．产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果 ㉒ballpark n．棒球场；变动范围 in the ballpark差不多 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ㉓a ballpark estimate大致相近的估计 ㉔venue n．活动场地 ㉕curveball n．曲线球 throw sb．a curveball给某人出难题 ㉖in the air在空中 ㉗handle vt．处理，应付；控制，操纵 n．把手，拉手；柄 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ㉘respond to回应 ㉙three strikes and you are out三振出局 ㉚come from来自 ㉛make attempts to(do sth．)试图，尝试(做某事) ㉜be used to do sth．被用来做某事 ㉝a large number of大量的；许多的 ㉞ (be) connected with与……相关 ㉟fist n．拳，拳头 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ㊱waist n．腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 ㊲below the belt不公正的，伤人的 ㊳in day-to-day life在日常生活中 ㊴cruel adj．刻毒伤人的，残酷的 ㊵remark n．谈论，言论 vi．& vt．说起，评论 ㊶describe... as把……描述成 ㊷towel n．毛巾，抹布，纸巾 throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) ㊸too... to... 太……而不能…… ㊹give up 放弃 ㊺on one's own独自地 ㊻literally adv．真正地，确实地；按字面，字面上 ㊼make it成功；达到预期目的 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Sports idioms① Every language has its idioms，which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words[1]．Idioms make language more colourful and expressive[2]． Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life，there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into② everyday language．[3]Let's take a look③ at some of them! Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [1]which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是idioms。 [2]make＋宾语＋形容词(作宾补)。 [3]句中包含一个since引导的原因状语从句；一个there be句型，其中含有一个that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语，其先行词是sports idioms。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Football Football (or soccer，as it is called in the USA) is one of the most popular sports in the world and many countries have their own football leagues④．The English language is full of⑤ idioms which are thought to have come from football[4]． [4]which引导的限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，其先行词是idioms。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) As you know，in a football match，players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing⑥ team's goal，which is the net⑦ between two big goalposts fixed to the ground． [5] Can you imagine that every time you have a chance⑧ to score，the goalposts are moved? That would be not only difficult，but also⑨ upsetting．If someone “moves the goalposts⑩” in everyday life，it means they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something．[6]An insurance⑪ salesman⑫ who is about to⑬ reach his annual sales target⑭，only for the company to make the target higher，could rightly complain⑮ about the company moving the goalposts． Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [5]as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team's goal。which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是goal。fixed to the ground是过去分词短语作定语，修饰goalposts，且与goalposts之间是被动关系。 [6]句中if引导条件状语从句；they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something是宾语从句。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Thankfully，goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal⑯，he or she might wish they did．“Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one's own net，and it is one of the worst things that can happen to a football player[7]．If someone makes a bad mistake⑰ which unintentionally⑱ harms their own interests[8]，they are said to have scored an own goal．You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council⑲ makes a decision⑳ which backfires㉑ terribly [9]! Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [7]that引导定语从句，that在从句中作主语；当先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰的时候，关系词用that。 [8]if引导条件状语从句，其中包含一个which引导的定语从句。 [9]when引导时间状语从句，其中包含一个which引导的定语从句。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Baseball Baseball is an old and popular sport that has given the English language many different idioms．You might have heard expressions like “in the ballpark㉒” or “a ballpark estimate㉓”．The venue㉔ where a baseball game is played is called a ballpark[10]．So，even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark[11]．For this reason，people use the expression “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates． Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) [10]where引导定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。 [11]even if引导让步状语从句，其中know后跟了一个由where引导的宾语从句。主句中assume后是由that引导的宾语从句。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball㉕”．Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air㉖，and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle㉗．We use this expression to describe things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to㉘．“Three strikes and you are out㉙” is another idiom that comes from㉚ baseball．As it suggests，in baseball this means that a batter (the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands) is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to㉛ hit the ball．This idiom is often used to㉜ talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances [12]． [12]where引导定语从句，其先行词situations是一个抽象的地点状语。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Boxing English also has a large number of㉝ idioms connected with㉞ boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years．A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists㉟ to hit the opponent below the waist㊱．Hence comes the idiom “below the belt㊲”．[13] In day-to-day life㊳，if someone makes an unfair and cruel㊴ remark㊵，we can describe it as㊶ “below the belt”． Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) “Throwing in the towel㊷” is another common idiom that comes from boxing．When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to㊸ give up㊹ on his or her own㊺[14]，the coach will literally㊻ throw a towel into the ring to end the fight．In everyday life，this idiom simply means admitting defeat and giving up． Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) Sport is challenging and so is life．However，when you are thrown a curveball，do not throw in the towel—work hard，be careful not to score an own goal，and you are sure to make it㊼！ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 体育运动习语 每种语言都有自己的习语，习语是意义不同于单个单词意义的一组词。习语使语言更加丰富多彩，富有表现力。由于体育运动是日常生活不可分割的一部分，因此有很多与体育有关的习语已经融入到日常语言中。让我们来看看其中的一些吧！ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 足球 足球(美国称之为“soccer”)是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一，许多国家都有自己的足球联赛。英语中有很多被认为是来自足球的习语。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 正如你所了解的，在足球比赛中，球员们试图把球踢进或用头把球顶进对方的球门，球门是固定在地面上两个大门柱之间的网。你能想象每次你有机会进球的时候，门柱都被移动了吗？这不仅会很困难，而且会让人心烦意乱。如果有人在日常生活中“move the goalposts”，意思是他们不公平地改变了某事的规则或要求。一名即将达到年度销售目标的保险销售员，如果公司把目标定得更高，他就有理由抱怨公司改变了目标。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 值得庆幸的是，球门柱实际上是不会移动的——但当一个球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她可能希望门柱会移动。在足球比赛中，“score an own goal”指的是不小心把球踢进或用头把球顶进了自己的网里，这是足球运动员可能发生的最糟糕的事情之一。如果某人犯了一个严重的错误，无意中损害了他们自己的利益，他们就被称为“进了乌龙球”。当地方议会作出了一个适得其反的决定时，你可能会在报纸上看到这种表达！ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 棒球 棒球是一项古老而流行的运动，它给英语带来了许多不同的习语。你可能听过“in the ballpark”或“a ballpark estimate”这样的表达。棒球比赛的场地叫作棒球场。所以，即使我们不知道球在比赛中的确切位置，我们也可以假设它在球场的某个地方。因此，人们使用“in the ballpark”或“a ballpark estimate”来谈论粗略估计。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 另一个常见的棒球表达是“throw someone a curveball”。曲线球是指那些突然在空中旋转的球，当然这对于其他球队来说是很难处理的。我们用这个表达来描述出乎意料和难以回应的事情。“three strikes and you are out”是另一个来自棒球的习语。正如它所暗示的那样，在棒球比赛中，这意味着击球手(手里拿着棒球棒的人)在三次击球失败后出局。这个习语通常用来形容人们浪费了三次机会后失败的情况。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 拳击 英语中也有大量与拳击相关的习语，拳击是一项几千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。拳击手不允许用拳头打对手腰部以下的部位。之后就有了“below the belt”这个习语。在日常生活中，如果有人说了一句不公平、残酷的话，我们可以用“below the belt”来形容。 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) “throw in the towel”是另一个来自拳击的习语。当一个拳击手输得很惨，太累了或者大脑一片混乱而不能主动放弃比赛时，教练就会把一条毛巾扔进擂台来结束比赛。在日常生活中，这个习语只是表示承认失败和放弃。 运动是具有挑战性的，生活也是如此。然而，当你遇到难题时，不要认输——努力工作，小心不要做出让自己吃亏的事，你一定会成功！ Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) $