Unit 3 Period 5 课时练案 课文整体教学(Using Language)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义围绕海洋探索的利弊分析展开整体教学，通过两篇对立观点的文本，构建从篇章结构（论点支持方式、词义推测）到语言知识（exploit等一词多义、so that目的状语从句、动名词作主语）再到表达应用（开放性观点阐述）的学习支架，帮助学生形成文本理解与语言运用的能力脉络。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过文本对比分析提升信息获取与逻辑推理能力，开放性问题如“是否同意某一论点”引导学生表达观点并反思，促进批判性思维。课中辅助教师开展深度阅读教学，课后词汇语法板块（如语法填空、句型练习）帮助学生巩固语言知识，弥补薄弱环节。

Period 5　 课文整体教学(Using Language) Ⅰ．文章大意 What's the main idea of the texts? A．The importance of sea exploration． B．The disadvantages of sea exploration． C．The pros and cons of sea exploration． D．The advantages of sea exploration． [答案]　C Ⅱ．篇章结构 1．How does the first author support his topic? A．By listing facts． B．By giving examples． C．By making comparisons． D．By analysing problems． 2．What is the meaning of “negative cycle” in the third paragraph of Text 1? A．An incomplete link． B．One trouble leads to another that worsens the first． C．A damaged item． D．An idea that is not positive． 3．What is the opinion of the second author? A．The benefits of exploring oceans outweigh the risks． B．There are more disadvantages of sea exploration． C．There are no problems with sea exploration． D．People have successfully managed the balance between risks and economic needs． 4．What makes it necessary for us to explore the sea? A．The development of technology． B．The rising number of population． C．The valuable minerals under the sea． D．The damage caused by earthquakes． [答案]　1－4　ABAB 1．What is your opinion about sea exploration? Do you agree with one argument more than the other? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2．Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts? Why or why not? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [答案]　略 Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．exploit vt．开发；利用；剥削 ①(教材原句)When people talk of exploring the sea more，they usually mean exploiting it． 开发 ②We need to exploit solar energy to meet the increasing energy demands． 利用 ③The factory owners were accused of exploiting the workers by making them work long hours． 剥削 2．directory n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录 ①(教材原句)They will be added to the directory so we can identify them in the future． 名录 ②I found his phone number in the local business directory． 电话号码簿 3．All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision． vt．称赞 4．When she was nearly out of the woods，a soft sound in the underbrush arrested her attention． vt．吸引 Ⅱ．词块积累 1．kill many birds and fish杀死很多鸟类和鱼类 2．address important issues应对重要的问题 3．improve our understanding of life on the earth 提升我们对地球上的生命的了解 4．access the deep ocean 进入深海 5．be balanced with economic needs 与经济需求相平衡 Ⅲ．写作佳句 1．Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more． 海洋勘探已经造成了许多问题，并将继续引发更多问题。 2．Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy． 尽管这种行为在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。 Ⅳ．长难语句 1．To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it． [分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。不定式短语To truly understand our planet作目的状语，which引导(限制性)定语从句，修饰the oceans。 [翻译]　 为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。 2．We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action． [分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，作understand的宾语；so that引导目的状语从句。 [翻译]　 我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。 Ⅴ．课文语法填空 Sea exploration has caused many 1．problems(problem) and will continue to cause more．More exploration means more 2．pollution (pollute)．Oil is spilled into the sea．Plastic pollution and mining for resources are very 3．harmful (harm)．Overfishing is another problem．Whales and dolphins 4．are being hunted (hunt) for so-called research at present．On the other hand，it is necessary to explore the oceans，5．which cover most of our planet．We need to understand 6．what is happening to our planet so that we can take action．7．Understanding (understand) more about the sea will also help us manage 8．its (it)resources better．9．With the population of the world growing，we need new resources．The above factors 10．considered (consider)，we should explore the sea without destroying it． 1．(教材原句)Meanwhile，we also noted their location，so we can track their movements and plot their migration path． *meanwhile adv．与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下 (1)for the meanwhile 　 一会儿；暂时 (2)meanwhile＝in the meanwhile＝in the meantime＝at the same time 在此期间，与此同时 (3)meanwhile 作为副词时，可以与but连用，意为“(虽然……)但是同时又……”，可以强调前后相反的两种对比的表述；和and 连用时，表示“同时”。 单句写作 ①我们需要一些新的窗帘，但这些暂时还可以用。 We need some new curtains，but these will do for the meanwhile． ②(应用文写作之建议信)压力可能严重损害你的健康，锻炼则可以减轻这些损害。 Stress can be extremely damaging to your health．Exercise，meanwhile，can reduce its effects． ③我希望最终能上医学院。这期间我打算学化学。 I hope to go to medical school eventually．In the meanwhile/Meanwhile/In the meantime/At the same time，I am going to study chemistry． 2．(教材原句)Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering”these intelligent creatures without mercy． *mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(merciful adj．仁慈的；慈悲的；宽大的 merciless adj．残忍的；毫不怜悯的；无情的) (1)show mercy to/have mercy on 对……怜悯/宽恕 without mercy　　 残忍地；毫不留情地 at the mercy of...　 任由……摆布 (2)be merciful to 对……仁慈 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①He is generous and merciful (mercy) to those who are weaker than himself． ②To have mercy on someone is at the heart of human kindness． ③Learning that many wild animals are being killed due to the merciless (mercy) human activities，I'm writing to offer you some suggestions． ④We often find ourselves at the mercy of situations beyond our control． ⑤大卫很可能会受到其他孩子的无情嘲笑，这会使他很痛苦。 It was likely that David would be made fun of by the other kids without mercy，which would cause him great pain． 3．(教材原句)The sea is home to life，not human beings' possessions． *possession n．[usually pl．]个人财产；拥有；控制(possess vt．拥有；具有；支配；控制) (1)in possession of　　　 具有；拥有 in the possession of　　 被……拥有；归……所有 take possession of　　 占有；拥有 (2)be possessed of　　　　 具有某种品质(或特征) [名师点津]　(1)in possession of表示主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of 表示被动，意为“为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。 (2)possession表示“个人财产”时，通常用复数；表示“具有，拥有”时，为不可数名词。 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①People lost their homes and all their possessions(possession) in the war． ②When can I take possession of a car of my own? ③这所房子已被他们家族拥有好几代了。 The house has been in the possession of their family for generations． ④(读后续写之心理描写)一想到他犯的愚蠢错误，一种羞愧感就笼罩着他。 At the thought of his foolish mistake，a sense of shame possessed him． ⑤(应用文写作之人物描写)她拥有一颗善良的心，总是乐意帮助那些身处困境中的人。 She is possessed of/is in possession of a kind heart，always ready to help those in trouble． 词汇 ①applaud vt．& vi．鼓掌 vt．称赞；赞赏 ②log vt．把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木 ③arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt．逮捕；拘留；阻止 微练 ①记者在笔记本里记录下了当天的事件。 The journalist logged the events of the day in his notebook． ②演员表演结束后，观众热烈鼓掌。 The audience applauded loudly when the actress finished her performance． ③警察在机场逮捕了犯罪嫌疑人。 The police arrested the suspect at the airport． 1．(教材原句)We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action． *so that引导目的状语从句 (1)so that从句中常常使用情态动词can/could，may/might，will/would等。 (2)so that引导的目的状语从句不能置于句首，但in order that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。 (3)当so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可变为so as to或in order to的动词不定式短语。 (4)so that也可以引导结果状语从句。 单句写作/一句多译 ①他建议儿子和周围的人交朋友，这样他就能很容易地适应新环境。 He advised his son to make friends with those around him so that he could adapt himself to the new surroundings easily． ②大雨一连下了几个小时，以至于道路被淹了。 The heavy rain poured down for hours，so that the roads became flooded． ③学生被鼓励问问题，以便他们能更好地理解这门学科。 a．Students are encouraged to ask questions so that/in order that they can have a better understanding of the subject．(so that/in order that) b．Students are encouraged to ask questions in order to/so as to have a better understanding of the subject．(in order to/so as to) 2．(教材原句)Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better． *动词-ing形式(短语)作主语 (1)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 (2)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和不定式作主语一样，也可以用it 作形式主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词和名词有：good，no good，no use，useless等。 (3)当动词-ing形式(短语)有自己的逻辑主语时，可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动词-ing形式的复合结构(这时，名词或代词的所有格作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语)。动词-ing形式的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。 单句写作 ①传递善意和爱的确使这个世界成为一个更美丽的地方。 Passing kindness and love did make the world a more beautiful place． ②读英文报上的英语文章对我有巨大的影响。 Reading English articles in the English newspaper has a great influence on me． ③放学后和朋友踢足球是缓解压力的好方法。 Playing football with friends after school is a great way to relieve stress． ④我姐姐在比赛中的演唱是一场很棒的表演。 My sister's singing in the competition is a great performance． ⑤常言道：覆水难收。 As the saying goes，it's no use crying over spilt milk． 　　　　　　　　　　 ①exploit vt．开发；利用；剥削 ②horizon n．地平线 ③spill vt．& vi．(使)洒出；溢出 ④gallon n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升) ⑤plastic n．塑料adj．塑料的 ⑥tap water 自来水 ⑦mine vt．& vi．开采 n．矿 ⑧resource n．资源 ⑨damaging adj．有害的；损害的 ⑩fossil fuel 化石燃料 ⑪negative cycle 负循环，恶性循环 ⑫overfishing n．过度捕捞 ⑬dolphin n．海豚 ⑭hunt vt．& vi．捕猎 ⑮so-called adj．所谓的 ⑯ban vt．禁止 ⑰murder vt．谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n．谋杀；凶杀 ⑱without mercy毫不留情 mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 ⑲be home to是……的家园 ⑳possession n．个人财产；拥有；控制 ㉑sensitive adj．敏感的；易生气的 ㉒generation n．一代 ㉓forgive vt．& vi．原谅 ㉔planet n．行星 ㉕opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者 ㉖concerned adj．担心的 ㉗issue n．问题 ㉘take action采取行动 ㉙therefore adv．因此 ㉚necessary adj．必需的 ㉛manage vt．& vi．管理 ㉜log vt．把……载入正式记录；记录n．正式记录；日志；原木 ㉝species n．种，物种 ㉞improve vt．& vi．改善；改进　 ㉟as well as 和；也 ㊱source n．来源 ㊲access vt．进入 ㊳predict vt．预言；预报 ㊴event n．事件 ㊵population n．人口 ㊶vast adj．巨大的 ㊷amount n．数量 ㊸valuable adj．宝贵的；很重要的 ㊹mineral n．矿物质 ㊺environmental adj．环境的 ㊻risk n．风险 ㊼be balanced with与……平衡 ㊽economic needs经济需求 ㊾hopefully adv．有希望地 ㊿technology n．技术 option n．选择 Text 1 When people talk of exploring the sea more，they usually mean exploiting① it．[1]Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more． [1]本句中When引导时间状语从句。 More exploration means more pollution．The Deepwater Horizon② spilled③ over 200 million gallons④ of oil into the sea in 2010．Plastic⑤ pollution is also bad，killing many birds and fish[2]，and has even been found in our tap water⑥． [2]动词-ing形式短语作状语，表结果。 Mining⑦ for resources⑧ is very damaging⑨[3]，especially in the Arctic．Because of climate change，there is less ice now，which means we can look for more fossil fuels⑩ further north[4]．But if we burn these，the ice will melt more and this negative cycle⑪ will continue．[5] Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong． [3]此处动词-ing形式短语作句子的主语。 [4]which引导非限制性定语从句。 [5]本句包含一个if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 Overfishing⑫ is another problem．Whales and dolphins⑬ are also hunted⑭ for their meat or for so-called⑮ research．Although this was banned⑯ in 1982，some countries are still “murdering⑰” these intelligent creatures without mercy⑱． The sea is home to⑲ life，not human beings' possessions⑳．[6] It is huge，but it is more sensitive㉑ than we think[7]．If we do not protect it，future generations㉒ will not forgive㉓ us． [6]本句中not后面承前省略，相当于the sea is not human beings' possessions。 [7]此处than引导比较状语从句。 Text 2 To truly understand our planet㉔[8]，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it[9]．Opponents㉕ may be concerned㉖，but sea exploration is important for our future．For example，scientific research ships can help address important issues㉗ such as climate change[10]．We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action㉘[11]．Therefore㉙，more research is necessary㉚． [8]不定式短语作状语，表目的。 [9]which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the oceans，句中的it指的是our planet。 [10]such as后接名词，意思是“例如，比如”。 [11]so that在这里引导目的状语从句。 Understanding more about the sea[12] will also help us manage㉛ its resources better．Logging㉜ new species㉝[13] will improve㉞ our understanding of life on the earth．It may help us discover new medicines，as well as㉟ new sources㊱ of food and energy．Accessing㊲ the deep ocean[14] may also help us to predict㊳ events㊴ such as earthquakes． [12]、[13]、[14]三处都是动词-ing形式短语作句子的主语。 The population㊵ of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development．There are probably vast㊶ amounts㊷ of resources under the sea and ice，not just oil and gas but also valuable㊸ minerals㊹． Of course，there are still environmental㊺ risks㊻．However，these should be balanced with㊼ economic needs㊽．Hopefully㊾ ，as technology㊿ improves，we may have more options for managing this balance．[15] [15]本句包含一个as引导的状语从句。 文本1 人们在谈论扩大海洋勘探的时候，通常指的是海洋开发。海洋勘探已经造成了许多问题，并将继续引发更多问题。 扩大勘探意味着污染加剧。2010年“深水地平线”号钻井平台在海中溢出了两亿多加仑的石油。塑料污染也十分严重，导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡，甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。 资源开采极具破坏性，尤其是在北极地区。由于气候变化，现在冰川减少了，这意味着我们可以在更北的地方寻找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我们烧尽这些燃料，冰川将融化得更多，这一恶性循环将持续下去。气候变化正警告我们情况不妙。 过度捕捞是另一个问题。鲸鱼和海豚也遭到捕杀，成为盘中美食或用于所谓的研究。尽管这种行为在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。 海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。海洋广阔无垠，但比我们想象的更为敏感。如果我们不保护它，子孙后代将不会原谅我们。 文本2 为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。反对者也许会忧心忡忡，但是海洋探索对我们的未来十分重要。例如，科学考察船可以帮助应对像气候变化这种重要的问题。我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。因此，有必要开展更多的研究。 深入了解海洋也有助于我们更好地管理其资源。记载新物种将提升我们对地球上的生命的了解。这可能还会帮助我们发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。深海探索还有可能会帮助我们预测地震等事件。 世界人口正在不断增长，我们需要新的资源来维系未来的发展。海洋和冰川之下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，不仅仅是石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿物。 当然，环境风险仍然存在。但是，这些风险应该与经济需求相平衡。随着技术的进步，我们有望会有更多的选择来管理这一平衡。 12 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $