专题02 冠词代词（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，全国通用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题02 冠词代词 ( 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 学考冠词的解题思路 1. 冠词的活用也是考查的热点和难点，如在具体的语境中哦抽象名词具体化、序数词前的冠词，“the+形容词”表示一类人，“by+the+名词”结构，the用于表示独一无二的事物和由普通名词构成的专有名词前，表示职务、学科等名词前不用冠词，类指的3种表达情况。 2. 首先应当分析句子结构，根据语境或语法结构确定是否填冠词。“名词前面填介冠，冠名做主宾同位”。 在语法填空题中，空后是名词或者“形容词＋名词”，且空前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，很可能填冠词。 3. 判断设空后的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词，看是单数还是复数，是泛指还是特指。 4. 搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an，此时还应该注意其后的词的第一个音素，如果是元音填an，如果是辅音，则填a；有名词， 5. 搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 考点一 不定冠词a与an的基本用法 概述： 1.冠词用在名词前，本身不能单独使用，是名词出现的标志，帮助指明名词的含义。 2.冠词分为：不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不加冠词)。 基本用法 例子 1. a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story一个不同寻常故事 an unhappy boy一个不高兴的男孩 2. 第一次提到的某人或某物前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。 3. 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 4. 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 5. 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。 6. 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 7. 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。 8. 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。 9. 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！ 10. 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。 【真题原句】 1.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解B篇）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. 【翻译】当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知不要吃什么。 2.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解七选五）If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. 【翻译】如果你曾经做过讲师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道没有什么比教别人新知识更好的方法了。 3.（2024年新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 【翻译】栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 4.（2024年新高考II卷应用文写作）I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. 【翻译】我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂艺术课。 5.（2024年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇）This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. 【翻译】这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也不会以同样的方式思考结局了。 考点二 不定冠词的高频短语 不定冠词的常考固定搭配 at a loss困惑，不知所措 as a result因此 as a rule通常，照例 as a matter of fact事实上 after a while一会儿后 at a distance离一段距离，从远处 all of a sudden突然 a waste of ... ……的浪费 a matter of ... ……的问题 a collection of一批…… a knowledge of (＝know)知道 an understanding of (＝understand)懂得 a great many许多 at a time每次 as a whole总的来说 after a while一会儿之后 have a good time玩得高兴 have a holiday度假 have a cold患感冒 have/take a rest休息一下 have a gift for有……的天赋 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word总之 on a diet节食 in a moment立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 have a population of有……人口 for a while暂时，一时 go on a diet节食 have a history of有……的历史 get a lift/ride搭便车 make/earn a living谋生 once in a while偶尔 once upon a time从前 make an effort 努力 make an apology道歉 have a good time过得愉快 have a word with...与......交谈 take an interest in...对......感兴趣 考点三 定冠词的基本用法 基本用法 例子 1. 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？ 2. 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。 3. 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。 4. 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。 5. 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。 6. 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。 7. 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。 8. 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。 9. 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He lived in the Ming Dynasty. 他生活在明代。 10. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国 11. 江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河 12. 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。 13. 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？ 14. 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。 【真题原句】 1（2025年浙江春考阅读理解C篇）Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. 【翻译】这里一年四季都很美丽，它们邀请你去欣赏最小的细节，从微风中草的声音到奇怪的种子头的雕塑。分析：此处为定冠词用法第5条。 2（2025年浙江春考七选五）Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. 【翻译】考虑传递信息的最佳方法。 如果你要传达的信息不是紧急的，可以考虑发一封电子邮件。分析：第一处the为形容词在最高级前面的用法。the information前的the表示特指，为定冠词用法第2条。 3（2024年新高考I考阅读理解C篇）The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 【翻译】印刷和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理特性有关。 4（2024年新高考II卷完形填空） The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. 【翻译】在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西是不可接受的。 考点四 定冠词的常考固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 考点五 零冠词的基本用法 零冠词基本用法 例子 1. 物质名词、抽象名词前 Bread is made from flour.面包是用面粉做的。 2. 表示职务、头衔的名词前 He was selected Chairman of the committee.他被选为委员会主席。 3. 一日三餐名词前 We are going to movies after supper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。 4. 运动、棋类、游戏等名词前 He likes to play chess.他喜欢下棋。 5. 星期、月份、季节等名词前 Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 6. 西方节日名称前 April Fool’s Day愚人节；Christmas Day圣诞节；Easter 复活节； Father’s Day 父亲节；Thanksgiving Day 感恩节；Valentine’s Day 情人节； 7. 名词被限定词this，my，some，no等修饰时 His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。 Go down this street.顺着这条道路往前走。 8. 含有介词短语的独立主格 He entered the forest, gun in hand.他手拿枪进了森林。 9. 复数名词表示类属时 Dogs are human beings’ friends. 狗是人类的朋友。 10.by表示交通工具的名词前 Every day he goes to school by bike. 他每天骑自行车上学。 考点六 含有零冠词的高频短语 1. 不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”。 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 lose heart 灰心 catch fire 着火 at last最终 for example 例如 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 after school放学后 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 in order有序 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 set fire to放火 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 under repair 处于维修中 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 heart and soul 全心全意地 take care of照顾 take pride in...以......为自豪 in time及时 with pleasure高兴地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 take office就职 do harm to...对......有害 from morning till night 从早到晚 on purpose 故意地 in condition状况良好 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in advance预先 2 固定搭配中有无冠词区别。 by day在白天 by the day按日计算 go to class/hospital/school上课/住院/上学 go to the class/hospital/school到课堂/医院/学校 in the front of在......的前面（在参照物里） in front of在......的前面（和参照物不相连） in case of以防，万一 in the case of就某人或某事而言 in bed/church/prison/town睡觉/作礼拜/进监狱 in the bed/church/prison/town在床上/在教堂/在监狱里 in future今后 in the future将来 in sight of看见 in the sight of据......的见解 in place of代替 in the place of在......的地方 in charge of主管，负责 in the charge of在......的看管之下 in possession of拥有 in the possession of...被......所拥有 out of the question不可能 out of question毫无疑问 sit at table吃饭 sit at the table在桌旁 take advice征求意见 take the advice听从建议 take place发生 take the place of代替 考点一 不定冠词a与an的基本用法 例1.Infused with traditional Chinese cultural elements, the game offers gamers ________ novel experience of Chinese imagination and landscape. 例2．The Clothes Drying Festival, essential celebration of the Red Yao ethnic group, takes place on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month every year. On that day, they hang their signature red clothes in the sun to be blessed. 例3．Jiangsu Taizhou High School, ________ unique and outstanding educational institution worthy of note, has left a profound mark on the educational landscape of the region in recent years. 1．Ne Zha 2, groundbreaking animated film deeply rooted in Chinese mythology (神话), presents a more complex and exciting adventure of Ne Zha. 2．Longshuixia gap, underground world that gradually slopes down to depths of over 250 meters, with steps winding all the way down the steep and rough limestone gorge, leaves tourists struck at its natural charm and peacefulness. 3．Throughout history, Chinese knots have played ________ significant role in traditional Chinese ceremonies and celebrations, symbolizing good luck and harmony. 4．The hotel offers variety of accommodation options, including suites, rooms, and apartments. 5. Because the prepared dishes weren’t enough, his mother-in-law filled the gap by making some daoxiao mian, which was instant hit. 考点二 不定冠词的高频短语 例1．The Winter Solstice, a festival with history of more than 2,000 years originated from the Han Dynasty and reached its peak in glory in the Tang and Song Dynasties. 例2．Lucy had the pleasure of meeting variety of people and experiencing different cultures. 例3．The town has 36,000 mu of cultivated land and 100,000 mu of mountainous areas. The region has a subtropical marine monsoon climate, with average annual temperature of 21°C, annual rainfall between 1600-2000mm, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, and rich water resources. 1．—________ great surprise to see you here, Daniel! —Yeah. We haven’t seen each other for quite a long time. A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 2．- May I have look at the new skirt you bought yesterday? - Of course. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．Li Hua has ________ good knowledge of many foreign languages, and one of them is English which is ________ language spoken by many people in the world. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 4．What _______________ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive _______________ prize. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．a; / 5．In ____ accident _____ knowledge of first aid can make _____ real difference. A．the; a; the B．an; a; a C．an; the; 不填 D．a; a; 不填 考点三 定冠词的基本用法 例1.Performers wear protective gear, such as straw hats and sheepskin jackets, but injuries are common due to intense heat. 例2.The China Cultural Center in Paris hosted the “Nihao! China” Lantern Festival Culinary (食物的) Night at the Jardin Acclimatation amusement park in Paris on eve of the Lantern Festival. 例3.It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 1．It’s dangerous to stay in wild alone at night. 2．Do you know which language has largest number of native speakers? 3．Some of the world’s most important scientists think idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. 4．Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at time, and make the most of them. 5．Everybody knows that pets are best therapy—we have proof that animals enhance quality of elderly lives, so there is no excuse for depriving our citizens of their companionship and source of joy. 考点四 定冠词的常考固定搭配 例1．As number of tourists has grown, so has the amount of traffic on the roads. 例2．At edge of the forest, the girl was bending her knees by her bike. 例3．The company is in possession of Tom’s brother. 1．They looked with envy at Tom’s new car, which became envy of all the neighbours. 2．In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists and Tu Youyou was among first researchers chosen. 3．With the exam around corner, we’re burning the midnight oil to prepare for it. 4．It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times size of the moon. 5．As far as I am concerned, more you take part in after-class activities, the more confident you are. 考点五 零冠词的基本用法 例1．As is known to us, ______ panda is in ______ danger of becoming extinct. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 例2．If you want to get anywhere in__________ chess, you have to study the various openings. A．an B．the C．/ D．a 1．She often plays ______ chess on weekends. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 2．In the AI-driven medical field, a group of scientists have been working at ________ cutting edge of technology, who think outside ________ box and break ________ new ground in patient care. A．a; the; a B．the; the; / C．the; a; / D．a; /; the 3．Apples are sorted by _________ size and then packaged by _________ box. A．不填；不填 B．the; the C．不填；the； D．the; 不填 4．It is often said that ____ man differs from ____ animals in that he can think and speak. A．the; the B．a; the C．不填; the D．不填; 不填 5．Edward, university student from Europe, teaches us art in his spare time. A．an;/ B．an; an C．a;/ D．an; the 考点六 含有零冠词的高频短语 例1．Keep in __________ mind that people may have different opinions as to what the artist is like, so they should feel free to discuss. A．the B．an C．a D．/ 例2．At________ night, we can see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 例3．The two cultures have a lot in________ common. [牛津词典] A．a B．/ C．the D．an 1．Unfortunately, the cats introduced to the island developed ________ appetite for the birds there, which meant the birds fell ________ victim to the cats. A．the; the B．the; a C．/; the D．an; / 2．In ______ addition to using solar energy, our company also takes ______ advantage of wind energy to care about our environment. A．an; an B．不填；不填 C．an; the D．the; an 3．At that time the fires were burning out of ________ control in the mountain, which left ________ impression on us. A．a; an B．the; the C．不填; an D．a; 不填 4．A new manager will come to take _________ charge of this company, which was in _________ charge of Mr Wang. A．/; the B．/; / C．the; / D．the; the 一、单项选择 1．My brother, Mike, is such ________ honest boy that he never tells lies. We all believe him. A．A B．an C．the 2．________ 19th CPC National Congress(中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会) was held on 18 October. It was ________ big success. A．The; / B．The; a C．/; the D．/; / 3．Being smart is not enough. It courage to make difference in this world and to find answers to its urgent challenges. A．costs; the B．costs; a C．takes; / D．takes; a 4．—What ______ interesting book! —Yes, ______ book is really amazing. A．a; an B．an; the C．an; a D．a; the 5．The mobility scooter is __________ excellent option for traveling abroad because of its light weight and portable design. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 6．You’ll feel better after you’ve had__________ good night’s sleep. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．One’s destination is never________ place, but a new way of seeing things. A．an B．/ C．a D．the 8．People were all inspired by________ way David looked ahead without fear of the future. A．the B．an C．/ D．a 9．The film Nezha was quite ________ hit across China, bringing in ________ amazing income within a month. A．a; an B．/; an C．a; / D．a; the 10．—Where are you from? —I’m from China and I’m ______ exchange student. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 二、单句语法填空 1．(2024·浙江高考1月)Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh. 2．Its thoughtful design and priceless collection make it ________ must－see for anyone seeking to understand the soul of this charming city. 3．In ________ 1980s, rosewood furniture gained in popularity. 4．The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding ________ element of surprise to the dining experience. 5．With ________ number of visitors growing this year, the one－day festival was extended to a three－day holiday. 6．Throughout history, Chinese knots have played ________ significant role in traditional Chinese ceremonies and celebrations, symbolizing good luck and harmony. 7．________ moment they arrived at the scene, they immediately joined their Turkish partners to carry out a rescue plan and saved the woman. 8．Infused with traditional Chinese cultural elements, the game offers gamers ________ novel experience of Chinese imagination and landscape. 9．This unique blend serves as a bridge between her culture and ________ global language of English. 10．But ________ most common one is money wrapped in red paper. 代词 1.代词的功能就是替代上文出现过的名词概念。 2.恰当地使用代词，能够避免混淆并确保句子的流畅度，使交流更加快捷高效。 3.代词共分10类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词、相互代词、替代词。 5.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式；6.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的用法；7.it的用法 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式 人称代词 人称代词主格 I we you (你) you (你们) he she it they 人称代词宾格 me us you you him her it them 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 my our your (你的) your (你们的) his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 不定代词 常用不定代词 both, all, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none 复合不定代词 someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, everyone/everybody, no one/nobody, something, anything, everything, nothing 考点一 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 1．人称代词的主格和宾格 (1)人称代词主格作主语/同位语。 They always thought I would become an English teacher. (2)人称代词的宾格作表语/宾语(作及物动词或介词的宾语)。 I’m honored that you would ask me for advice. My father is always patient with them. (3)人称代词的宾格形式可在系动词后作表语。 —Who is speaking? —It's me. 2．形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 (1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，置于名词前作定语。 She drove her car into the local wildlife reserve. (2)形容词性物主代词＋own＋名词表示“某人自己的……”。 They made their own clothes. (3)名词性物主代词后不能接名词。 It’s not my phone. Mine is on the desk. (4)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语。 She’s an old friend of yours. 3．反身代词 (1)反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、同位语，但不能作主语。 He knows exactly how to make himself relaxed. (2)反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。 I am not myself today. 【注意】 固定搭配： by oneself 独自地 for oneself 替自己；为自己 of oneself 自动地 in oneself 本质上；本身 apply oneself to 专心致志于 behave oneself 举止得体；行为检点 dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座；入席 make yourself at home 别客气 teach oneself 自学 考点二 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法 (1)both, all, either, neither，none,each与every both ①表示“两者(都)” ②作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 ③与not连用表示部分否定，意为“两者并不都……”(表示全部否定需用neither) Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。 all ①指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部” ②作主语，指人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓语动词通常用单数形式 ③与not连用表示部分否定(表示完全否定需用none) All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。 either ①表示“(两者中的)任何一个”(表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的“任何一个”需用any) ②作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 neither ①表示“(两者)都不” ②单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 ③后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式 Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。 none ①表示“(三者及三者以上中)没有一个”或“没有一点” ②后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式 ③既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 each ①强调个体，可作代词和形容词，修饰单数可数名词，指两者或两者以上中的“每一个” ②可以与of短语连用；可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作同位语时，谓语动词的数和主语保持一致 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。 every ①强调(整体中的)每一个，只能作定语，修饰单数可数名词，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一个” ②与not连用构成部分否定 ③可用来表示“每隔” ④不可与of短语连用 注意：表示数量的不定代词辨析 few 修饰或代替可数名词 The last few winters have been very cold.过去几个冬天都很冷。 否定含义 几乎没有 a few 修饰或代替可数名词I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。 肯定含义 几个；一些 little 修饰或代替不可数名词There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 否定含义 几乎没有 a little 修饰或代替不可数名词She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。 肯定含义 少量；一点点 many 修饰或代替可数名词We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。 肯定含义 许多 much 修饰或代替不可数名词I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。 肯定含义 许多 注意辨别：the other, another与others/the others the other 可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分” He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。 another 泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。另外，another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词(名词表示的事物被看作一个整体)”，表示“另外的……(多少)” Heavy rains  continued  another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？ others/the others others只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。the others特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物” Don't expect others to read your mind.  不要期望别人能看出你的心思。 (2)none, nothing与no one/nobody none ①特指语境中提到的人或物，强调数量 ②后可接of短语，可回答how many, how much引导的特殊疑问句 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 nothing ①指物，表示泛指 ②不可接of短语，可回答what引导的特殊疑问句 The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。 no one/nobody ①常指人，仅用于指代可数名词单数 ②不可接of短语，可回答who引导的特殊疑问句 注意：常考含有不定代词的固定短语 nothing but 仅仅，只是; anything but 决不 something of 有几分，略微; or something 诸如此类的人或物 if anything 要说有什么两样的话; have something/nothing to do with...与......有/无关 all but 几乎，差不多; every other day 每隔一天 考点三 one, ones, that, those的用法 在文中为避免重复，one、ones、that和those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。 1．one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋可数名词单数”；ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数，也表泛指。 2．that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。 3．those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the ones。 【注意】a/an＋可数名词单数＝one； 可数名词复数＝ones the＋可数名词单数＝that/the one； the＋不可数名词＝that； the＋可数名词复数＝the ones/those； 考点四 it的用法 1．it的基本用法 (1)指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等 It is early spring, but it is already hot. (2)代替提到过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词 Although he said he didn't like the movie, I decided to see it anyway. (3)指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁) What will you call it if it is a boy? 2．it作形式主语 (1)It＋be＋adj./n.＋for/of sb＋不定式 It is important for students to learn English well. (2)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity/a fact/no wonder ...)/adj.＋that从句 It is a pity that you can't go with her. (3)It＋特殊动词(短语)(seem/appear/turn out/occur to sb ...)＋that从句 It seems that he has made a serious mistake. (4)It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 It is reported that 20 people were killed in the earthquake. (5)It is no good/use/useless doing sth 做某事是没有好处/用处的 It is no use crying over the spilt milk. (6)It takes sb time/patience/effort/energy to do sth 花费某人时间/耐心/努力/精力做某事 It took him much energy to write the novel. 3．it作形式宾语 (1)主语＋find/think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb) to do/that从句 I find it easy to get on with Jim. (2)用于 like, enjoy, hate, love, appreciate等表示“喜欢，憎恶”等情感的动词以及depend, on/upon, see to等动词短语后，再接 when, if, that等引导的从句。 I'd appreciate it if you could attend our party. 4．it的常用短语或句型 make it 获得成功；赶上 see to it that ... 确保…… count on/rely on/depend on it that ... 相信…… as someone puts it 像某人所说的那样 when it comes to ... 当涉及/谈到……时 I can't help it ... 我情不自禁…… I take it that ... 我理解的是…… It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他 确实是……(强调句型) It's (high) time that sb did/should do sth 是该某人做某事的时候了 It's the first/second/ ... time that sb have/has done sth 这是某人第一/二/……次做某事了 It is/has been ... since ... 自从……已过了……时间了 It will be/was ... before ... 要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间 考点一 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 例1（2024年全国甲卷）They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 （it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 例2 That’s why each Spring Festival, hundreds of millions of people travel home to reunite with (they) relatives. 例3 Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest. 1.He has three sons, and one of is an engineer. 2.It will take some time to popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists can afford . 3.Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated. 4.An initiative was launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, a Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, inviting users to upload photos or videos of (they) and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19. 5.At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found _________ (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations. 考点二 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法 例1（2024年浙江首考）Over the last two years, supermarkets sell chicken in packs with two halves . Then, when you use one section, ____64____ other stays fresh. 例2 There are two books on the desk. You can take _________ of them. 例3 who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 1．In our school, ________students like French, but ________ of them can speak French smoothly. A．a little; a few B．a few; few C．a few; little D．a little; few 2．Tom’s parents hold different opinions on whether they should have ______ child. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 3．— Why haven’t they agree with each other after a difficult discussion? — Because ______ side has plenty of reasons to stick to its thought. A．both B．any C．either D．none 4．— Shall we go to the cinema tonight or tomorrow? — ______ is OK with me. I’m free the whole week. A．All B．Both C．Either D．Neither 5．We have various summer camps for your holidays, and you can choose ________ based on your own interests. A．either B．each C．one D．it 考点三 one, ones, that, those的用法 例1Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of other companies. 例2 Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _________ than mobile phones do. 1．— Oh, dear! We only have 15 minutes to get to the station. — So terrible! There isn’t any taxi around when you want ________ A．it B．that C．one D．this 2．I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, especially ________ with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．that B．this C．one D．it 3．To help us better understand literary works, our teacher compared the writing style of Mark Twain with ____________ of Lin Yutang. A．those B．that C．ones D．One 4．In the era of artificial intelligence, the capabilities of modern robots are far more advanced than ______ of the first-generation industrial machines. A．that B．ones C．one D．those 5．The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as ________ of another do does not mean that they do not experience these emotions. A．it B．one C．that D．those 考点四 it的用法 例1．Combining classical elegance with modern simplicity, the horse face skirt is said to perfectly suit the contemporary culture and lifestyle of young people, making ________ a fashion icon (标志). 例2（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·应用文） I would appreciate ________ if you could take my following proposals into consideration. 例3 Finally, should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 1.Although foreigners still need to meet certain requirements, this policy made_______ easier for them to visit China. 2.To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider _________ a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 3.Some players find ________ hard to follow the story, but that doesn't stop them from enjoying the game. 4.Therefore, it (acknowledge) that Shenzhen has become China’s most livable city. 5.We always take for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return. 一、单项选择 1．Many students find __________ helpful to take notes while listening to English lectures, as it helps them review key points later. A．them B．this C．that D．it 2．Freedom is one of the most precious gifts that heaven has bestowed upon men; no treasures ________ the earth holds buried or the sea conceals can compare with ________. A．that; it B．which; / C．where; it D．that; / 3．As is standard, in a story there is a central character and an inciting incident of some kind ________ needs to deal with. A．he B．that C．whom D．who 4．________ is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters. A．What; measured B．It; measuring C．What; measures D．It; measured 5．The loud noise from the construction site made it impossible ________. A．concentrate B．concentrating C．to concentrate D．concentrated 6．__________ China has built the world's longest high-speed rail network, it is undeniable _________this infrastructure miracle has greatly boosted regional economic development. A．As though; if B．Even if; whether C．Now that; that D．In case; that 7．We find ________ impossible for us ________ a foreign language well in a short time. A．that; learning B．this; to learn C．one; learning D．it; to learn 8．________ is known to us all that watching TV can relax our bodies, broaden our minds and enrich our lives. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 9．—I want to be like my friend, Dave. He is handsome and popular. — Oh, dear son, you don’t need to be like anyone. Just be ______. A．myself B．himself C．yourself 10．She has two daughters, ______ are nurses. A．all of them B．both of them C．both of whom D．all of whom 11．My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 12．The Internet has made ______ possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily ______ they are on opposite sides of the world. A．that; even though B．it; even if C．it; as if D．that; unless 13．They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their expectation was that many people don’t obey it. A．it; what B．that; what C．it; that D．that; why 14．It is well-known ______ the faces some people show to the world may differ from their true personalities. A．how B．what C．that D．whether 15．I would appreciate _______, frankly speaking, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible. A．that B．this C．it D．one 16．It is suggested ________ the meeting should be put off until next week. A．that B．whether C．what D．when 17．It is reported__________ a new park will be built in our city next year. A．which B．that C．what D．whether 18．Today, it is ________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is ________ of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. A．estimated, comprised B．estimate, comprised C．estimates, comprised D．estimating, comprising 一、阅读理解 A The upcoming winter season offers a selection of the finest, quickest, toughest and most delightful running events across the UK for those seeking adventure or community spirit. ● Bah Humbug 10K, 1 December Do yourself a favour and bring towels and plastic bags with you, because every bit of gear you wear during this event is likely to be caked with mud by the end. Therefore, the organisers have done well to ensure there are changing rooms and showers available for all runners. racebest. com ● Winter Solstice Strider, 8 December Dig that head flashlight out of the messy drawer for this after-dark run or walk for a good cause. You have a 5K route, which winds through the forest at the St Ives Estate. The route is far from flat and will almost certainly be muddy in places, so make sure your batteries are well charged in case there are emergencies. sueryder. org ● The Christmas Charity Run, 21 December This event is run by a most environmentally conscious organiser in the country, and is therefore only open to local runners to reduce car travel. Another great feature is that £7. 50 of the £10 entry fee goes straight to a local charity that supports people with cancer, making this one of the most positive-impact events that you could possibly find. eventrac. co. uk ● Mapledurham 10& Half, 29 December Mapledurham events are always well organised and, with unpleasant weather likely, you'll have to deal with some mud on the various uphills and downhills on whichever of the 10K, 10-mile or half-marathon courses you choose. The organisers have prioritised finding a good route over precise measurements, so all three races have a rather loose relationship with their stated distance. mstevents. co. uk 1．Which website offers information for night run participants? A．sueryder. org B．racebest. com C．eventrac. co. uk D．mstevents. co. uk 2．What makes the Mapledurham events unique? A．Eco-friendly goals. B．Flexible race distances. C．Strong charity focus. D．Muddy running courses. 3．Which column of a magazine is the text probably from? A．Tech Trends. B．Athlete Profiles. C．News Insight. D．Race Guide. B Last spring, my neighbor Donna and I, both in our seventies, spent several hours in the glorious sunshine enjoying the new season. When it was time to sit down and relax, Donna pulled out her red metal chair from her garage (车库), and I sat on an overturned plastic bucket (桶). It was fun to catch up on the news that we had missed during the long winter indoors. However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench. After dismissing unsuitable options from local stores, she found a perfect one online. The next day it arrived. Excitedly, she opened the box and started putting it together. We proudly high-fived each other as the pieces joined up and the bench started to look like one. After a few minutes’ assistance from a neighbour, it was complete. What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats. Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors. One day, someone called out from the sidewalk, “What do you do on that bench?” Quick-thinking Donna called back, “It’s our ‘Thinking Bench’! We think about important things happening in our lives.” Then, the name gradually evolved—after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a “Decision-Making Bench”; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was “meditating (冥想) ”, adding yet another name. Last fall, with the temperature falling, we came to the end of sitting outdoors. We were faced with one dilemma-what to do about it in the winter? Well, we sat down and thought and meditated and decided to put it in Donna’s garage for the winter. When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives. 4．Donna decided to replace the chair and bucket to _________. A．lighten the carrying load B．attract more neighbours C．get better seating for chats D．adapt to warmer weather 5．How did the bench get its various names? A．From items placed on it. B．From seasonal discussions. C．From users’ activities on it. D．From Donna’s creative ideas. 6．Why are pots and boxes mentioned in the last paragraph? A．To suggest the flowers would soon be planted. B．To show the bench was not serving its purpose. C．To describe the bench’s practical use in winter. D．To explain why the bench needed winter storage. 7．What does “The Bench” represent by the story’s end? A．A symbol of community bonds. B．A solution to the aging problem. C．A reminder of the past summer. D．A memory of a valued online order. C In the bitter cold of the Arctic and Antarctica, bubbles in ice could become the ideal way to send messages. Communicating in these regions is easier said than done, as the extreme sub-zero temperatures often limit equipment with high energy demands. To solve this issue, scientists have pioneered a plan to introduce frozen bubbles messages as a new method of communication. And the idea is more than an exercise in frivolity, said Mengjie Song, an expert in thermodynamics (热力学) at the Beijing Institute of Technology and one of the lead authors of the new study published in the scientific journal Cell Reports Physical Science. “It is a totally new method for humans to record information,” Dr. Song said. He and his colleagues found that they could produce different shapes of air pockets in the ice sheet. Those shapes could be turned into Morse code (莫尔斯电码), which relies on dashes and dots. A camera captured the sequence of shapes, which were subsequently processed by a computer and translated into English letters and Arabic numerals. Researchers acknowledged, however, that much more work would have to be done to make such applications feasible. This foundational breakthrough opens up a range of potential practical uses. For instance, it could be used to help create more accurate models for de-icing power lines, airplanes and high- speed trains. A clearer grasp of how ice bubbles form could also help scientists better understand the thermal and mechanical properties of bricks made from lunar soil. Trained to recognize patterns in ice bubbles, artificial intelligence (AI) could help study glaciers for clues about past climate patterns, or identify potential deposits (矿床) of natural gas. Ice is an ancient substance that is found in every aspect of our lives. More specifically, ice bubbles are already known to hold clues about the atmospheric conditions that existed when they were formed. “We can not only make a message, but we can know the message inside it,” Dr. Song said. Although ice bubbles would probably not replace text messages, the new findings were important. “Science often works this way,” he said. Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst. 8．What does the underlined word “frivolity” in paragraph 2 mean? A．An untested theory. B．A conventional practice. C．A tough challenge. D．A meaningless behavior. 9．What do we know about ice bubbles from the text? A．Their shapes can be processed to record information. B．Their formation helps in developing de-icing models. C．They are studied to improve lunar soil brick properties. D．Their patterns help AI to confirm existing natural gas deposits. 10．What can we infer from “Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst” in paragraph 4? A．Some ice bubbles may exist permanently. B．The new research may have lasting value. C．Ice bubbles would replace text messages. D．Science relies on ice bubbles to prove key facts. 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Ice Bubbles for Arctic Communication B．Morse Code: Ice Bubble Translation Tool C．Ice Bubbles: Messages and Clues D．Ice Bubbles and Practical Solutions D What if you could meet most of your daily needs-shopping, work, education, healthcare-within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from your home? This is the exciting vision of the “15-minute city”, an urban planning concept that gained global attention years ago. However, putting it into practice has sparked unexpected and fierce opposition. The concept was popularized by Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris and based on the research of French scholar Carlos Moreno. It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking. Advocates argue that this model addresses multiple crises all at the same time: climate change, social isolation, and public health. Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept. The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break. The situation mirrors past urban conflicts. For instance, many people opposed creating walking-only streets in city centers decades ago, but now, such areas are mostly loved and valued. The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future. 12．What can we learn about “chronic-urbanism” in paragraph 2? A．It gives more space to people. B．It aims to expand road networks. C．It focuses on car development. D．It was created by Carlos Moreno. 13．What do the opponents think of the 15-minute city? A．Traffic-slowing. B．Money-wasting. C．Freedom-limiting. D．Tech-demanding. 14．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The challenge of a less car-centered life. B．The significance of private cars. C．The public’s reactions to a new policy. D．The definition of car dependency. 15．What does the experts’ conclusion imply in the last paragraph? A．Public opinions are too hard to change. B．Sustainable transition is the top priority. C．Communication matters as much as design. D．Planning should send an innovative message. 七选五 Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. 16 They can impact how people judge you in the workplace. Becoming aware of the body language you use when communicating can help you ensure your message is being delivered effectively. Here are some steps you can take to improve your body language. Make eye contact It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. 17 A simple strategy to ensure you’re maintaining the right amount of eye contact is to look into the person’s eyes long enough to take note of their eye color before looking away. This strategy ensures you make proper eye contact for a length of time that’s natural and comfortable to both parties. Relax your shoulders One step you can take to improve your body language is to relax your shoulders, allowing them to drop to a comfortable height. Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. 18 Be aware of where they are currently sitting and allow them to drop to a natural position. Nod from time to time Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. 19 Also, it makes them know that you agree with or are interested in the message they’re sharing, which can help to increase their confidence. Smile from the bottom of your heart Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. 20 A．A sincere smile can brighten up the darkest day. B．However, it’s important to avoid making too much. C．Body language can be confusing in different cultures. D．They include things like gestures, tone of voice, and eye contact. E．It’s a good way to encourage them to continue what they’re saying. F．Similarly, ones that are too low can give the impression that you’re sad. G．Turning up the corners of your mouth slightly can give you a calm and pleasant look. 二、完形填空 Wyatt Smuszko, a teenager with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), felt lonely as he grew. His mother, Deanne Frère, watched with a heavy heart because his opportunities to connect with the world 21 . That’s when Deanne and her son 22 an idea — a stall (摊位) called “Wild Wild Wyatt” and Wyatt became “the boss” of his own business selling second-hand cowboy clothing. Soon this pop-up stall became his unique 23 . “There, he learned to look customers in the eye, shake hands, and explain the story behind each 24 shirt and pair of boots.” recalled Deanne. People didn’t just buy; they 25 . They stopped for a while, chatting with Wyatt, knowing their 26 was for a larger cause. Wyatt’s stall soon piled up with donated cowboy clothing from a (n) 27 community. After two successful years, Wyatt had raised an impressive $ 5,000 for charity. Upon his graduation, he 28 the business proudly to Samantha Webber, a 15-year-old with the same disease and a fan of cowboy clothing who had once bought her first pair of cowboy boots from him. 29 , Samantha stepped right into the role of running the business, which she renamed “Stampede Samantha’s Country Sparkle”. Like Wyatt, she organized new 30 and planned to donate her profits to charity. Watching Samantha greet her first customer, Wyatt 31 . For him, the greatest 32 wasn’t the money raised, but the confidence gained and the 33 that his idea would develop in Samantha’s hands. From Wyatt’s first brave “ 34 ” to Samantha’s successful takeover, what began as a solution to isolation blossomed into a 35 of kindness. 21．A．surfaced B．faded C．multiplied D．changed 22．A．ruled out B．struggled with C．hit upon D．made up 23．A．laboratory B．classroom C．dorm D．office 24．A．well-worn B．hard-won C．home-made D．custom-fit 25．A．bargained B．compromised C．celebrated D．connected 26．A．approval B．curiosity C．sacrifice D．purchase 27．A．supportive B．energetic C．wealthy D．competitive 28．A．narrowed down B．handed over C．showed off D．brought back 29．A．Nervous B．Relieved C．Thrilled D．Hesitant 30．A．sales B．talks C．games D．shows 31．A．shouted B．bowed C．sighed D．smiled 32．A．challenge B．secret C．reward D．idea 33．A．proposal B．knowledge C．assumption D．lesson 34．A．hello B．thanks C．no D．goodbye 35．A．source B．word C．history D．chain 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With profits jumping to nearly 1.3 billion yuan at the box office as of Aug 26, the ink-wash animated film Nobody has broken 36 previous record set by Big Fish & Begonia (2016), making it the highest-earning domestic 2D animated film in Chinese cinema history. The film follows four small monsters — a pig, a toad, a weasel, and an ape — who disguise 37 characters from Journey to the West, seeking to live forever before finding themselves protecting villagers from evil 38 (force). 39 (create) the film’s unique Chinese animation style, Yu Shui, director of the film, and his team conducted field research from northern to southern Shanxi, bringing the beauty of the 40 (province) ancient architecture onto the silver screen. “During production, integrating a large number of Shanxi landmarks and elements of ancient architecture into the film 41 (drive) primarily by the needs of the plot, as these fantastic structures could enhance the film. 42 (additional), it’s because I am from Taiyuan and have a deep emotional connection to these ancient buildings,” Yu said. At the recently 43 (conclude) 7th Shanxi Cultural Industries Fair, Yu invited moviegoers to visit the province 44 inspired its ancient architectural scenes. The director’s invitation highlights a dynamic phenomenon in the country’s creative industries — using advanced technology to revive cultural heritage not within the museums but through engaging and 45 (access) mediums, such as games and films. 四、书面表达 46．假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英语俱乐部正在举办主题为“The Power of Museums”的征文活动。请根据你查询到的以下图表信息，写一篇稿件。 内容包括： (1)简单说明图表反映的现象； (2)简要分析该现象产生的原因(如展览多样、互动性强、丰富生活和学习等)； (3)鼓励大家走进博物馆。 注意： (1)词数不少于100。 (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 冠词代词 ( 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 学考冠词的解题思路 1. 冠词的活用也是考查的热点和难点，如在具体的语境中哦抽象名词具体化、序数词前的冠词，“the+形容词”表示一类人，“by+the+名词”结构，the用于表示独一无二的事物和由普通名词构成的专有名词前，表示职务、学科等名词前不用冠词，类指的3种表达情况。 2. 首先应当分析句子结构，根据语境或语法结构确定是否填冠词。“名词前面填介冠，冠名做主宾同位”。 在语法填空题中，空后是名词或者“形容词＋名词”，且空前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，很可能填冠词。 3. 判断设空后的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词，看是单数还是复数，是泛指还是特指。 4. 搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an，此时还应该注意其后的词的第一个音素，如果是元音填an，如果是辅音，则填a；有名词， 5. 搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 考点一 不定冠词a与an的基本用法 概述： 1.冠词用在名词前，本身不能单独使用，是名词出现的标志，帮助指明名词的含义。 2.冠词分为：不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不加冠词)。 基本用法 例子 1. a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story一个不同寻常故事 an unhappy boy一个不高兴的男孩 2. 第一次提到的某人或某物前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。 3. 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 4. 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 5. 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。 6. 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 7. 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。 8. 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。 9. 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！ 10. 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。 【真题原句】 1.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解B篇）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. 【翻译】当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知不要吃什么。 2.（2025年浙江春考阅读理解七选五）If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. 【翻译】如果你曾经做过讲师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道没有什么比教别人新知识更好的方法了。 3.（2024年新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 【翻译】栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 4.（2024年新高考II卷应用文写作）I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. 【翻译】我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂艺术课。 5.（2024年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇）This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. 【翻译】这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也不会以同样的方式思考结局了。 考点二 不定冠词的高频短语 不定冠词的常考固定搭配 at a loss困惑，不知所措 as a result因此 as a rule通常，照例 as a matter of fact事实上 after a while一会儿后 at a distance离一段距离，从远处 all of a sudden突然 a waste of ... ……的浪费 a matter of ... ……的问题 a collection of一批…… a knowledge of (＝know)知道 an understanding of (＝understand)懂得 a great many许多 at a time每次 as a whole总的来说 after a while一会儿之后 have a good time玩得高兴 have a holiday度假 have a cold患感冒 have/take a rest休息一下 have a gift for有……的天赋 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word总之 on a diet节食 in a moment立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 have a population of有……人口 for a while暂时，一时 go on a diet节食 have a history of有……的历史 get a lift/ride搭便车 make/earn a living谋生 once in a while偶尔 once upon a time从前 make an effort 努力 make an apology道歉 have a good time过得愉快 have a word with...与......交谈 take an interest in...对......感兴趣 考点三 定冠词的基本用法 基本用法 例子 1. 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？ 2. 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。 3. 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。 4. 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。 5. 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。 6. 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。 7. 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。 8. 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。 9. 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He lived in the Ming Dynasty. 他生活在明代。 10. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国 11. 江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河 12. 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。 13. 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？ 14. 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。 【真题原句】 1（2025年浙江春考阅读理解C篇）Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. 【翻译】这里一年四季都很美丽，它们邀请你去欣赏最小的细节，从微风中草的声音到奇怪的种子头的雕塑。分析：此处为定冠词用法第5条。 2（2025年浙江春考七选五）Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. 【翻译】考虑传递信息的最佳方法。 如果你要传达的信息不是紧急的，可以考虑发一封电子邮件。分析：第一处the为形容词在最高级前面的用法。the information前的the表示特指，为定冠词用法第2条。 3（2024年新高考I考阅读理解C篇）The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 【翻译】印刷和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理特性有关。 4（2024年新高考II卷完形填空） The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. 【翻译】在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西是不可接受的。 考点四 定冠词的常考固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 考点五 零冠词的基本用法 零冠词基本用法 例子 1. 物质名词、抽象名词前 Bread is made from flour.面包是用面粉做的。 2. 表示职务、头衔的名词前 He was selected Chairman of the committee.他被选为委员会主席。 3. 一日三餐名词前 We are going to movies after supper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。 4. 运动、棋类、游戏等名词前 He likes to play chess.他喜欢下棋。 5. 星期、月份、季节等名词前 Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 6. 西方节日名称前 April Fool’s Day愚人节；Christmas Day圣诞节；Easter 复活节； Father’s Day 父亲节；Thanksgiving Day 感恩节；Valentine’s Day 情人节； 7. 名词被限定词this，my，some，no等修饰时 His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。 Go down this street.顺着这条道路往前走。 8. 含有介词短语的独立主格 He entered the forest, gun in hand.他手拿枪进了森林。 9. 复数名词表示类属时 Dogs are human beings’ friends. 狗是人类的朋友。 10.by表示交通工具的名词前 Every day he goes to school by bike. 他每天骑自行车上学。 考点六 含有零冠词的高频短语 1. 不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”。 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 lose heart 灰心 catch fire 着火 at last最终 for example 例如 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 after school放学后 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 in order有序 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 set fire to放火 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 under repair 处于维修中 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 heart and soul 全心全意地 take care of照顾 take pride in...以......为自豪 in time及时 with pleasure高兴地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 take office就职 do harm to...对......有害 from morning till night 从早到晚 on purpose 故意地 in condition状况良好 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in advance预先 2 固定搭配中有无冠词区别。 by day在白天 by the day按日计算 go to class/hospital/school上课/住院/上学 go to the class/hospital/school到课堂/医院/学校 in the front of在......的前面（在参照物里） in front of在......的前面（和参照物不相连） in case of以防，万一 in the case of就某人或某事而言 in bed/church/prison/town睡觉/作礼拜/进监狱 in the bed/church/prison/town在床上/在教堂/在监狱里 in future今后 in the future将来 in sight of看见 in the sight of据......的见解 in place of代替 in the place of在......的地方 in charge of主管，负责 in the charge of在......的看管之下 in possession of拥有 in the possession of...被......所拥有 out of the question不可能 out of question毫无疑问 sit at table吃饭 sit at the table在桌旁 take advice征求意见 take the advice听从建议 take place发生 take the place of代替 考点一 不定冠词a与an的基本用法 例1.Infused with traditional Chinese cultural elements, the game offers gamers ________ novel experience of Chinese imagination and landscape. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。experience在句中意为“体验”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一种新奇体验”，应用不定冠词；novel是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 例2．The Clothes Drying Festival, essential celebration of the Red Yao ethnic group, takes place on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month every year. On that day, they hang their signature red clothes in the sun to be blessed. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：晒衣节是红瑶民族的一个重要庆典，每年农历六月初六举行。此处泛指“一个重大庆典”，且essential以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 例3．Jiangsu Taizhou High School, ________ unique and outstanding educational institution worthy of note, has left a profound mark on the educational landscape of the region in recent years. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：江苏泰州高级中学是一所独特且杰出的教育机构，近年来在地区教育领域留下了深刻的印记。institution为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一所独特的教育机构”表示泛指意义，所以此处为不定冠词，unique的首个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。 1．Ne Zha 2, groundbreaking animated film deeply rooted in Chinese mythology (神话), presents a more complex and exciting adventure of Ne Zha. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：《哪吒2》是一部深深植根于中国神话的开创性动画电影。此处表示泛指，且“groundbreaking”以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．Longshuixia gap, underground world that gradually slopes down to depths of over 250 meters, with steps winding all the way down the steep and rough limestone gorge, leaves tourists struck at its natural charm and peacefulness. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：龙水峡是一个地下世界，它逐渐向下倾斜，深度超过250米，台阶沿着陡峭粗糙的石灰岩峡谷蜿蜒而下，让游客被它的自然魅力和宁静所震撼。此处“world世界”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个地下世界”，故应用不定冠词，且underground以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an，故填an。 3．Throughout history, Chinese knots have played ________ significant role in traditional Chinese ceremonies and celebrations, symbolizing good luck and harmony. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。play a(n) ... role in ... 为固定短语，意为“在……中起着……作用”，且设空后significant的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4．The hotel offers variety of accommodation options, including suites, rooms, and apartments. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这家酒店提供多种住宿选择，包括套房、标准客房和公寓。a variety of为固定搭配， 表示各种各样的。故填 a。 5. Because the prepared dishes weren’t enough, his mother-in-law filled the gap by making some daoxiao mian, which was instant hit. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：因为准备的菜不够，他的岳母做了一些刀削面来填补空缺，这一做法一炮而红。此处hit为泛指，且instant是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 考点二 不定冠词的高频短语 例1．The Winter Solstice, a festival with history of more than 2,000 years originated from the Han Dynasty and reached its peak in glory in the Tang and Song Dynasties. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：冬至是一个有着2000多年历史的节日，起源于汉代，在唐宋时期达到了辉煌的顶峰。a history of…“一段……历史”。故填a。 例2．Lucy had the pleasure of meeting variety of people and experiencing different cultures. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：露西很高兴能遇到各种各样的人，体验不同的文化。a variety of为固定搭配， 表示各种各样的。故填 a。 例3．The town has 36,000 mu of cultivated land and 100,000 mu of mountainous areas. The region has a subtropical marine monsoon climate, with average annual temperature of 21°C, annual rainfall between 1600-2000mm, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, and rich water resources. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：该地区属亚热带海洋性季风气候，年平均气温21℃，年降雨量在1600-2000mm之间，日照充足，雨量充沛，水资源丰富。固定短语a temperature of…“气温是……”，此处应用不定冠词，average的首个音素为元音音素，应用an。故填an。 1．—________ great surprise to see you here, Daniel! —Yeah. We haven’t seen each other for quite a long time. A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 【答案】A 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：丹尼尔，在这儿见到你真是个大惊喜！是啊，我们好久没见面了。“surprise”在句中为可数名词，意为惊喜的事。感叹句的结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。此句中心词是可数名词单数“surprise”，所以用“What a”来引导感叹句。故选A项。 2．- May I have look at the new skirt you bought yesterday? - Of course. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——我可以看看你昨天买的新裙子吗?——当然。固定短语：have a look at看一看。故选A。 3．Li Hua has ________ good knowledge of many foreign languages, and one of them is English which is ________ language spoken by many people in the world. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：李华精通许多外语，其中之一是英语，这是世界上许多人说的一种语言。“have a good knowledge of”是固定短语，意为“精通”，因此第一空是a；结合句意“这是世界上许多人说的一种语言”是泛指，故应用不定冠词修饰language。故选C。 4．What _______________ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive _______________ prize. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．a; / 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：你没能到那儿领奖，真遗憾。空格一涉及固定句型“What a pity +that从句”，意为“……真遗憾”，故空格一应填不定冠词a。根据句意可知，空格二特指“你应该领取的奖品”，故空格二应填定冠词the，表示特指。故选B项。 5．In ____ accident _____ knowledge of first aid can make _____ real difference. A．the; a; the B．an; a; a C．an; the; 不填 D．a; a; 不填 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在事故中，掌握了急救知识真地会起作用。第一空后的accident是一个可数名词，可以使用an accident指事故这一类事物；第二空是固定词组a knowledge of…指掌握……；第三空也是固定词组make a difference起作用，有影响。故B正确。 【点睛】本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别，对于冠词特指和泛指的考察是历年来高考的必考点，平时的学习要多进行积累，仔细分析特指还是泛指。同时，更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达，特殊表达，这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方。总而言之，多解题、多理解、多积累才是制胜的法宝。 考点三 定冠词的基本用法 例1.Performers wear protective gear, such as straw hats and sheepskin jackets, but injuries are common due to intense heat. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：表演者穿戴防护装备，如草帽和羊皮夹克，但由于高温，受伤很常见。此处特指“打树花表演时的高温”，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 例2.The China Cultural Center in Paris hosted the “Nihao! China” Lantern Festival Culinary (食物的) Night at the Jardin Acclimatation amusement park in Paris on eve of the Lantern Festival. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：元宵节前夜，巴黎中国文化中心在巴黎风情园举办了“你好！中国”元宵节美食之夜活动。空处表示特指，指“元宵节前夜”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 例3.It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 1．It’s dangerous to stay in wild alone at night. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：晚上独自待在野外是很危险的。表示“在野外”短语为in the wild。故填the。 2．Do you know which language has largest number of native speakers? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：你知道哪种语言的母语使用者人数最多吗？根据空后“largest number of native speakers”可知，此处表示“人数最多”，形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。故填the。 3．Some of the world’s most important scientists think idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：世界上一些最重要的科学家认为，人类在火星上生活的想法总有一天会实现。此处idea后有介词短语of people living on Mars作定语，表示特指，所以应用定冠词the。故填the。 4．Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at time, and make the most of them. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我领悟到，与其把计划定得一成不变，不如有时抓住眼前出现的机会——即便它们在当时听起来并不完美——并充分利用好这些机会。分析句子结构可知，这里考查at the time，意为“在当时；那时候”，为固定搭配，强调某个具体的时间点或情境。故填the。 5．Everybody knows that pets are best therapy—we have proof that animals enhance quality of elderly lives, so there is no excuse for depriving our citizens of their companionship and source of joy. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 the the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：每个人都知道宠物是最好的疗法——我们有证据证明动物可以提高老年人的生活质量，因此没有理由剥夺公民的伙伴和快乐的源泉——宠物。第一个空后有形容词最高级best，要用定冠词the。第二个空特指老年人的生活质量，要用定冠词the。故第一空填the，第二空填the。 考点四 定冠词的常考固定搭配 例1．As number of tourists has grown, so has the amount of traffic on the roads. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：随着游客数量的增加，道路上的交通量也在增加。根据空后“number of tourists”可知，此处表示游客的数量，需用定冠词the，构成固定短语the number of，表示“……的数量”。故填the。 例2．At edge of the forest, the girl was bending her knees by her bike. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在森林的边缘，女孩跪在自行车旁。固定短语at the edge of...意为“在……的边缘”。故填the。 例3．The company is in possession of Tom’s brother. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这家公司归汤姆的哥哥所有。根据主语“The company (指物)”以及“in ____ possession of”可知，此处是固定短语“in the possession of (被……拥有，主语通常是物)”，此空应是定冠词the。故填the。 1．They looked with envy at Tom’s new car, which became envy of all the neighbours. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：他们羡慕地看着汤姆的新车，那辆车成了所有邻居羡慕的对象。envy在此处为名词，意为“羡慕的对象”，且特指“汤姆的新车”这一具体对象，需用定冠词the修饰，表特指。故填the。 2．In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists and Tu Youyou was among first researchers chosen. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：1967年，中国政府组建了一支科学家团队，屠呦呦是首批被选中的研究人员之一。句中“first(第一的)”是序数词，序数词前通常需加定冠词the，表示“顺序中的第几个”；“the first researchers”，意为“首批研究人员”，符合语境。故填the。 3．With the exam around corner, we’re burning the midnight oil to prepare for it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：随着考试的临近，我们正在开夜车准备考试。around the corner是一个固定短语，表示“即将来临，在附近”。故填the。 4．It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times size of the moon. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：众所周知，地球的体积是月球的49倍。此处特指“地球的大小”，应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 5．As far as I am concerned, more you take part in after-class activities, the more confident you are. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：就我个人而言，你参加的课外活动越多，就会越自信。由于“the+比较级……the+比较级……”是固定结构，表示“越……越”。故填the。 考点五 零冠词的基本用法 例1．As is known to us, ______ panda is in ______ danger of becoming extinct. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：众所周知，大熊猫面临着灭绝的危险。第一个空特指大熊猫这一物种，所以用定冠词the；in danger of是固定短语，意为“处于……危险之中”，第二空不需要加冠词。故选C。 例2．If you want to get anywhere in__________ chess, you have to study the various openings. A．an B．the C．/ D．a 【答案】C 【详解】考查零冠词。句意：如果你想在象棋中取得某些成就，你必须学习各种开局。此处表示“在国际象棋中”，棋类之前通常不加任何冠词。故选C。 1．She often plays ______ chess on weekends. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：她经常周末下国际象棋。根据空白处下文“chess(国际象棋)”可知，表示棋类的名词前不加冠词。故选D。 2．In the AI-driven medical field, a group of scientists have been working at ________ cutting edge of technology, who think outside ________ box and break ________ new ground in patient care. A．a; the; a B．the; the; / C．the; a; / D．a; /; the 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在人工智能驱动的医疗领域，一群科学家一直在最前沿的技术领域工作，他们跳出常规思维，在病人护理方面开辟了新天地。第一空短语at the cutting edge of表示“处于前沿”；第二空短语think outside the box表示“跳出常规思维”；第三空短语break new ground表示“开创新局”。故选B。 3．Apples are sorted by _________ size and then packaged by _________ box. A．不填；不填 B．the; the C．不填；the； D．the; 不填 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：苹果按大小分类，然后按盒子包装。分析句子可知，第一空“by size”表示“按大小”，是固定搭配，使用零冠词。第二空“by the box”表示“按箱”，是固定用法，用定冠词“the”。故选C项。 4．It is often said that ____ man differs from ____ animals in that he can think and speak. A．the; the B．a; the C．不填; the D．不填; 不填 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词用法。句意：人们常说，人与动物的不同之处在于他能思考和说话。句中man表示泛指“人类”，前边不需要使用冠词，animals表示“动物”，是名词的复数形式，泛指所有的动物，前边不需要使用冠词。故选D项。 5．Edward, university student from Europe, teaches us art in his spare time. A．an;/ B．an; an C．a;/ D．an; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：爱德华，一个来自欧洲的大学生，在业余时间教我们美术。空一泛指“一个大学生”，用不定冠词修饰，university[juːnɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ]读音的第一个音素为辅音音素，因此前面用a；学科前不用冠词，art是美术学科，因此前面不用冠词，题目中说的他在业余时间教我们美术，美术为一门学科，故选C。       考点六 含有零冠词的高频短语 例1．Keep in __________ mind that people may have different opinions as to what the artist is like, so they should feel free to discuss. A．the B．an C．a D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：请记住，人们可能对这位艺术家是什么样的有不同的看法，所以他们应该自由讨论。固定短语keep in mind，意为“记住”，其中mind前不用冠词修饰。故选D。 例2．At________ night, we can see the splendid Journey of Lights Parade. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在夜晚，我们可以看到辉煌的光之旅游行。at night意为“在夜晚”，为固定搭配。故选D。 例3．The two cultures have a lot in________ common. [牛津词典] A．a B．/ C．the D．an 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这两种文化有很多共同之处。结合句意“有共同之处”可知短语为have sth. in common，故选B。 1．Unfortunately, the cats introduced to the island developed ________ appetite for the birds there, which meant the birds fell ________ victim to the cats. A．the; the B．the; a C．/; the D．an; / 【答案】D 【详解】考查冠词。句意：不幸的是，被引入该岛的猫对那里的鸟类产生了食欲，这意味着鸟类成为了猫的受害者。第一空表泛指“一种食欲”，且appetite发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an；第二空为固定搭配fall victim to，意为“成为……的受害者”，中间不加冠词。 故选D。 2．In ______ addition to using solar energy, our company also takes ______ advantage of wind energy to care about our environment. A．an; an B．不填；不填 C．an; the D．the; an 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：除了使用太阳能，我们公司还利用风能来关心我们的环境。第一空为固定搭配in addition to“除了……之外”；第二空为固定短语take advantage of“利用”，空处无需任何冠词。故选B项。 3．At that time the fires were burning out of ________ control in the mountain, which left ________ impression on us. A．a; an B．the; the C．不填; an D．a; 不填 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：当时山上的大火已经失控，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。out of control“失控”，是固定搭配，中间不需要加冠词，因此第一个空不填冠词。固定搭配leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，所以第二个空应填an。故选C。 4．A new manager will come to take _________ charge of this company, which was in _________ charge of Mr Wang. A．/; the B．/; / C．the; / D．the; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配和冠词。句意：一位新经理将来接管这家公司，这家公司之前由王先生负责。第一空为固定短语“take charge of”意为“掌管，负责”符合句意，所以第一空不填冠词；第二空为“in the charge of”表示“由……负责”，强调某人或某物被他人管理，因此第二空填the。故选A项。 一、单项选择 1．My brother, Mike, is such ________ honest boy that he never tells lies. We all believe him. A．A B．an C．the 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我的哥哥迈克是个非常诚实的孩子，他从不撒谎。我们都信任他。根据空格后的单数名词boy可知，空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”，形容词honest的发音是元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。 2．________ 19th CPC National Congress(中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会) was held on 18 October. It was ________ big success. A．The; / B．The; a C．/; the D．/; / 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会于10月18日召开。这是一次巨大的成功。分析语境可知，第一空中，“19th CPC National Congress”是特定的、独一无二的会议名称，且序数词“19th”前必须加定冠词The，用于特指“某一个具体的、唯一的事物”；第二空中，success在此处为可数名词，意为“成功的事/成就”，a big success，表示“一次巨大的成功”，用于泛指“某一次成功的事件”，符合语境。故选B项。 3．Being smart is not enough. It courage to make difference in this world and to find answers to its urgent challenges. A．costs; the B．costs; a C．takes; / D．takes; a 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型和冠词。句意：光聪明是不够的。在这个世界上有所作为，并找到应对紧迫挑战的答案，都需要勇气。It takes+名词/代词+to do sth 是固定句型，表示“做某事需要……”，因此第一空选takes；第二空考查的是短语make a difference(产生影响)，是固定搭配，因此填a。故选D。 4．—What ______ interesting book! —Yes, ______ book is really amazing. A．a; an B．an; the C．an; a D．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——多么有趣的一本书啊！——是的，这本书真的很令人惊叹。第一空表示泛指“一本有趣的书”，且interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an；第二空特指上文提到的那本有趣的书，所以用定冠词the。故选B。 5．The mobility scooter is __________ excellent option for traveling abroad because of its light weight and portable design. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这款电动代步车因其重量轻且设计便携，是出国旅行的绝佳选择。option为可数名词，此处泛指“一个绝佳的选择”，且excellent是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。故选C。 6．You’ll feel better after you’ve had__________ good night’s sleep. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。句意：好好睡一觉之后，你会感觉好多了。此处sleep泛指“一夜好眠”，且good是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故选A。 7．One’s destination is never________ place, but a new way of seeing things. A．an B．/ C．a D．the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：一个人的目的地从来不是一个地方，而是一种看待事物的新方式。由句意可知，此处泛指“一个地方”，且place是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故选C项。 8．People were all inspired by________ way David looked ahead without fear of the future. A．the B．an C．/ D．a 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。句意：人们都被大卫无所畏惧地展望未来的方式所鼓舞。此处特指“David无所畏惧地展望未来的方式”，应用定冠词限定。故填the。 9．The film Nezha was quite ________ hit across China, bringing in ________ amazing income within a month. A．a; an B．/; an C．a; / D．a; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。句意：电影《哪吒》在中国大获成功，一个月内就创下了惊人的票房收入。分析句子可知，hit在此处为可数名词，意为“成功的事物（如电影、歌曲等）”，这里表示泛指“一部成功的电影”，且quite a hit是固定搭配，意为“相当成功”，故用不定冠词a；第二空中，这里表示“一笔可观的收入”，应用不定冠词表泛指：且amazing以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故选A项。 10．—Where are you from? —I’m from China and I’m ______ exchange student. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：——你来自哪里？——我来自中国，我是一名交换生。可数名词student泛指一名交换生，且exchange发音以元音音素开头，所以要用不定冠词an修饰。故选B项。 二、单句语法填空 1．(2024·浙江高考1月)Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh. 【答案】the 【详解】one ... the other ... 为固定搭配，意为“一个……，另外一个……”。故填the。 2．Its thoughtful design and priceless collection make it ________ must－see for anyone seeking to understand the soul of this charming city. 【答案】a 【详解】must－see 表示“值得一看的事物”，为可数名词，设空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，且must－see为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 3．In ________ 1980s, rosewood furniture gained in popularity. 【答案】the 【详解】在表示特定年代时，通常要用定冠词the，in the 1980s意为“在20世纪80年代”。故填the。 4．The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding ________ element of surprise to the dining experience. 【答案】an 【详解】element 是可数名词，在句中意为“少量，有点”，表示泛指，且 element 的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 5．With ________ number of visitors growing this year, the one－day festival was extended to a three－day holiday. 【答案】the 【详解】固定短语the number of表示“……的数量”。故填the。 6．Throughout history, Chinese knots have played ________ significant role in traditional Chinese ceremonies and celebrations, symbolizing good luck and harmony. 【答案】a 【详解】play a(n) ... role in ... 为固定短语，意为“在……中起着……作用”，且设空后significant的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 7．________ moment they arrived at the scene, they immediately joined their Turkish partners to carry out a rescue plan and saved the woman. 【答案】The 【详解】固定短语the moment意为“一……就……”，作连词引导时间状语从句，所以此处应用冠词the，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填The。 8．Infused with traditional Chinese cultural elements, the game offers gamers ________ novel experience of Chinese imagination and landscape. 【答案】a 【详解】experience在句中意为“体验”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一种新奇体验”，应用不定冠词；novel是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 9．This unique blend serves as a bridge between her culture and ________ global language of English. 【答案】the 【详解】此处特指“英语这一全球语言”。故填 the。 10．(2025·河南省安阳市林州市第一中学高三月考)But ________ most common one is money wrapped in red paper. 【答案】the 【详解】根据设空后的most common可知，此处是形容词最高级结构，应用定冠词the。故填the。 代词 1.代词的功能就是替代上文出现过的名词概念。 2.恰当地使用代词，能够避免混淆并确保句子的流畅度，使交流更加快捷高效。 3.代词共分10类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词、相互代词、替代词。 5.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式；6.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的用法；7.it的用法 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的不同形式 人称代词 人称代词主格 I we you (你) you (你们) he she it they 人称代词宾格 me us you you him her it them 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 my our your (你的) your (你们的) his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 不定代词 常用不定代词 both, all, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none 复合不定代词 someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, everyone/everybody, no one/nobody, something, anything, everything, nothing 考点一 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 1．人称代词的主格和宾格 (1)人称代词主格作主语/同位语。 They always thought I would become an English teacher. (2)人称代词的宾格作表语/宾语(作及物动词或介词的宾语)。 I’m honored that you would ask me for advice. My father is always patient with them. (3)人称代词的宾格形式可在系动词后作表语。 —Who is speaking? —It's me. 2．形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 (1)形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，置于名词前作定语。 She drove her car into the local wildlife reserve. (2)形容词性物主代词＋own＋名词表示“某人自己的……”。 They made their own clothes. (3)名词性物主代词后不能接名词。 It’s not my phone. Mine is on the desk. (4)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语。 She’s an old friend of yours. 3．反身代词 (1)反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、同位语，但不能作主语。 He knows exactly how to make himself relaxed. (2)反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。 I am not myself today. 【注意】 固定搭配： by oneself 独自地 for oneself 替自己；为自己 of oneself 自动地 in oneself 本质上；本身 apply oneself to 专心致志于 behave oneself 举止得体；行为检点 dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座；入席 make yourself at home 别客气 teach oneself 自学 考点二 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法 (1)both, all, either, neither，none,each与every both ①表示“两者(都)” ②作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 ③与not连用表示部分否定，意为“两者并不都……”(表示全部否定需用neither) Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。 all ①指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部” ②作主语，指人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓语动词通常用单数形式 ③与not连用表示部分否定(表示完全否定需用none) All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。 either ①表示“(两者中的)任何一个”(表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的“任何一个”需用any) ②作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 neither ①表示“(两者)都不” ②单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 ③后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式 Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。 none ①表示“(三者及三者以上中)没有一个”或“没有一点” ②后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式 ③既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 each ①强调个体，可作代词和形容词，修饰单数可数名词，指两者或两者以上中的“每一个” ②可以与of短语连用；可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作同位语时，谓语动词的数和主语保持一致 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。 every ①强调(整体中的)每一个，只能作定语，修饰单数可数名词，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一个” ②与not连用构成部分否定 ③可用来表示“每隔” ④不可与of短语连用 注意：表示数量的不定代词辨析 few 修饰或代替可数名词 The last few winters have been very cold.过去几个冬天都很冷。 否定含义 几乎没有 a few 修饰或代替可数名词I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。 肯定含义 几个；一些 little 修饰或代替不可数名词There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 否定含义 几乎没有 a little 修饰或代替不可数名词She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。 肯定含义 少量；一点点 many 修饰或代替可数名词We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。 肯定含义 许多 much 修饰或代替不可数名词I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。 肯定含义 许多 注意辨别：the other, another与others/the others the other 可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分” He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。 another 泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。另外，another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词(名词表示的事物被看作一个整体)”，表示“另外的……(多少)” Heavy rains  continued  another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？ others/the others others只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。the others特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物” Don't expect others to read your mind.  不要期望别人能看出你的心思。 (2)none, nothing与no one/nobody none ①特指语境中提到的人或物，强调数量 ②后可接of短语，可回答how many, how much引导的特殊疑问句 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 nothing ①指物，表示泛指 ②不可接of短语，可回答what引导的特殊疑问句 The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。 no one/nobody ①常指人，仅用于指代可数名词单数 ②不可接of短语，可回答who引导的特殊疑问句 注意：常考含有不定代词的固定短语 nothing but 仅仅，只是; anything but 决不 something of 有几分，略微; or something 诸如此类的人或物 if anything 要说有什么两样的话; have something/nothing to do with...与......有/无关 all but 几乎，差不多; every other day 每隔一天 考点三 one, ones, that, those的用法 在文中为避免重复，one、ones、that和those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。 1．one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋可数名词单数”；ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数，也表泛指。 2．that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。 3．those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the ones。 【注意】a/an＋可数名词单数＝one； 可数名词复数＝ones the＋可数名词单数＝that/the one； the＋不可数名词＝that； the＋可数名词复数＝the ones/those； 考点四 it的用法 1．it的基本用法 (1)指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等 It is early spring, but it is already hot. (2)代替提到过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词 Although he said he didn't like the movie, I decided to see it anyway. (3)指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁) What will you call it if it is a boy? 2．it作形式主语 (1)It＋be＋adj./n.＋for/of sb＋不定式 It is important for students to learn English well. (2)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity/a fact/no wonder ...)/adj.＋that从句 It is a pity that you can't go with her. (3)It＋特殊动词(短语)(seem/appear/turn out/occur to sb ...)＋that从句 It seems that he has made a serious mistake. (4)It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 It is reported that 20 people were killed in the earthquake. (5)It is no good/use/useless doing sth 做某事是没有好处/用处的 It is no use crying over the spilt milk. (6)It takes sb time/patience/effort/energy to do sth 花费某人时间/耐心/努力/精力做某事 It took him much energy to write the novel. 3．it作形式宾语 (1)主语＋find/think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb) to do/that从句 I find it easy to get on with Jim. (2)用于 like, enjoy, hate, love, appreciate等表示“喜欢，憎恶”等情感的动词以及depend, on/upon, see to等动词短语后，再接 when, if, that等引导的从句。 I'd appreciate it if you could attend our party. 4．it的常用短语或句型 make it 获得成功；赶上 see to it that ... 确保…… count on/rely on/depend on it that ... 相信…… as someone puts it 像某人所说的那样 when it comes to ... 当涉及/谈到……时 I can't help it ... 我情不自禁…… I take it that ... 我理解的是…… It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他 确实是……(强调句型) It's (high) time that sb did/should do sth 是该某人做某事的时候了 It's the first/second/ ... time that sb have/has done sth 这是某人第一/二/……次做某事了 It is/has been ... since ... 自从……已过了……时间了 It will be/was ... before ... 要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间 考点一 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 例1（2024年全国甲卷）They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 （it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 【答案】its 【解析】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 例2 That’s why each Spring Festival, hundreds of millions of people travel home to reunite with (they) relatives. 【答案】their 【解析】考查代词。句意：那就是为什么每年春节有数以百万计的人回家和他们的亲人团聚。根据空后的名词relatives（亲戚）可知，空中用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 例3 Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest. 【答案】us, itself 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们的邻居昨天送给我们一只雏鸟，它从窝里掉下来时受了伤。第一空作动词的宾语，应用宾格us；第二空表示“它自己”应用反身代词itself。故填①us；②itself。 1.He has three sons, and one of is an engineer. 【答案】them 【解析】考查代词。句意：他有三个儿子，其中一个是工程师。and连接两个并列的句子，所以“one of_____”在句中为主语部分，空处需要人称代词的宾格形式them指代前文中的three sons，作介词of的宾语。故应填them。 2.It will take some time to popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists can afford . 【答案】them 【解析】考查代词。句意：要普及这种新的旅游趋势还需要一段时间，而且价格必须保持竞争力，以确保普通游客能够负担得起。分析句意可知，这里指代的是复数名词prices且动词afford后接宾语，所以用人称代词的宾格形式，故填them。 3.Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated. 【答案】himself 【解析】考查代词。句意：哪吒天生拥有独特的力量，却发现自己是一个被排斥的人，让人害怕，甚至憎恨。句子的主语和宾语是同一人，所以空格处应该用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。 4.An initiative was launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, a Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, inviting users to upload photos or videos of (they) and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19. 【答案】themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：1月下旬，中国关注生活方式的社交媒体平台小红书发起了一项活动，邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频。根据语境可知，句子表示“邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频”，空格处意为“他们自己”，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 5.At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found _________ (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations. 【答案】themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：在以“联通融合 传承创新”为主题的会议上，代表们发现自己与全球文明倡议（GCI）密切相关，该倡议倡导尊重文明的多样性，人类的共同价值观，以及文明传承和创新的重要性。此处found这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用they的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。 考点二 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法 例1（2024年浙江首考）Over the last two years, supermarkets sell chicken in packs with two halves . Then, when you use one section, ____64____ other stays fresh. 【答案】the 【解析】本题看似考查冠词，实际包含了对代词的考查。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。设空处后面other，the other特指两者中的“另一部分”，固定搭配“one... the other”。故填the。 例2 There are two books on the desk. You can take _________ of them. 【答案】either/both 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：桌子上有两本书。你可以随便选一个/两个都拿。根据句意，表示选择“两个中的任一一个”，用不定代词either，表示选择“两个”，用不定代词both，作宾语。故填either/both。 例3 who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 【答案】Anyone 【解析】考查代词。句意：最后离开房间的人应该关灯。根据下文“leaves the room(离开房间)”可知，这里需要一个不定代词来指代任何一个可能最后离开房间的人。Anyone是一个不定代词，用来指任何一个人，符合句意。故填Anyone。 1．In our school, ________students like French, but ________ of them can speak French smoothly. A．a little; a few B．a few; few C．a few; little D．a little; few 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在我们学校，有几位学生喜欢法语，但他们中没几个人能流利地说法语。第一空修饰可数名词students，需用a few；第二空，由but可知，表示“几乎没有”，应用few或者little，由them可知，使用few。故选B。 2．Tom’s parents hold different opinions on whether they should have ______ child. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：汤姆的父母对于是否要再要一个孩子持有不同的看法。A. another另一个；再一个；B. other另一个；其他的；C. others其他人或物；D. the other（两者中的）另一个。由句意此处指再要一个孩子，应用another，故选A项。 3．— Why haven’t they agree with each other after a difficult discussion? — Because ______ side has plenty of reasons to stick to its thought. A．both B．any C．either D．none 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：——经过一场艰难的讨论后，他们为什么还没有达成一致意见？——因为任何一方都有充足的理由坚持自己的想法。A. both两者都；B. any任何；C. either（两者中的）任何一个；D. none没有一个。从语境看，这里讨论的是双方，“either side”表示“（两者中的）任何一方”，符合“双方都有理由坚持想法，所以没达成一致”的语义，后接可数名词单数，用either修饰。故选C项。 4．— Shall we go to the cinema tonight or tomorrow? — ______ is OK with me. I’m free the whole week. A．All B．Both C．Either D．Neither 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：——我们今晚还是明天去看电影？——我都可以。我整个星期都有空。A. All（三者或三者以上）都；B. Both（两者）都；C. Either（两者）任意一个；D. Neither（两者）都不。上文问的是今晚还是明天，回答者说整个星期都有空，觉得今晚或明天任一个时段都可以，且谓语is是单数，either符合题意。故选C。 5．We have various summer camps for your holidays, and you can choose ________ based on your own interests. A．either B．each C．one D．it 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们有各种各样的夏令营供你度假，你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A.either（两者之中）任何一个；B.each每个、各自；C.one泛指，指代上文提到的同类事物中的一个；D.it特指，特定的某一个东西。“various summer camps”是一类事物，根据“you can choose ________ based on your own interests”可知，空处所表达的为从众多不同的夏令营中选一个，one为泛指符合结构和用法。故选C项。 考点三 one, ones, that, those的用法 例1Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of other companies. 【答案】those 【解析】考查代词。句意：在行业内，公司总是试图开发比其他公司更好一步的产品。those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，分析句子可知，此处为代词those代替前面的复数名词products。故答案为those。 例2 Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _________ than mobile phones do. 【答案】ones 【解析】考查代词。句意：汽车确实给我们带来了一些健康问题——事实上，这些问题比手机严重得多。此处应用ones代指上文提到的health problems，故填ones。 1．— Oh, dear! We only have 15 minutes to get to the station. — So terrible! There isn’t any taxi around when you want ________ A．it B．that C．one D．this 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：——哦，天哪！我们只有15分钟的时间到达车站。——太糟糕了，当你想打车的时候，附近却没有出租车。A. it同一具体事物（特指）；B. that同类事物中的特定一个（特指，常对比）；C. one同类事物中的一个（泛指）；D. this近处/即将提及的特定事物。本句中 “需要出租车”是泛指“任意一辆”，应用“one”。故选C。 2．I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, especially ________ with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．that B．this C．one D．it 【答案】C 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我真的想去一个地方过暑假，尤其是一个有美丽风景和独特文化的地方。句中“especially ________ with beautiful scenery and unique culture”是对前文“a place”的补充说明，需要一个代词指代“a place”（泛指一个地方）。选项A“that”通常指代前文提到的同类事物中特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，此处是泛指，不符合；选项B“this”指近处的事物，表特指，不符合语境；选项C“one”用于泛指前文提到的同类事物中的一个，相当于“a+单数可数名词”，符合“泛指一个有美景和独特文化的地方”的语义；选项D“it”指代前文提到的同一事物，而此处是泛指另一个符合条件的地方，并非同一个，排除。故选C项。 3．To help us better understand literary works, our teacher compared the writing style of Mark Twain with ____________ of Lin Yutang. A．those B．that C．ones D．One 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助我们更好地理解文学作品，我们的老师比较了马克·吐温和林语堂的写作风格。A. those那些；B. that（特指）那；C. ones一个（泛指）（复数）；D. One一个（泛指）（单数）。根据句子可知，比较了马克·吐温和林语堂的写作风格，空格处应用“that”代指“the writing style”，表特指，“those”和“ones”代指复数，不符合语境，“One”表示泛指，不符合语境。故选B项。 4．In the era of artificial intelligence, the capabilities of modern robots are far more advanced than ______ of the first-generation industrial machines. A．that B．ones C．one D．those 【答案】D 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：在人工智能时代，现代机器人的能力远比第一代工业机器的能力先进得多。A. that通常指代前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词；B. ones指代前面提到的可数名词复数，一般表示泛指；C. one指代前面提到的可数名词单数，也是泛指；D. those指代前面提到的可数名词复数，常用来指代同类事物中特指的另一些。在本题中，需要指代前面的复数可数名词“capabilities”，且是特指第一代工业机器的能力，所以用those。故选D项。 5．The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as ________ of another do does not mean that they do not experience these emotions. A．it B．one C．that D．those 【答案】D 【详解】考查代词。句意：一种文化中的成员不像另一种文化中的成员那样公开地表达他们的情感，这一事实并不意味着他们没有体验到这些情感。分析句子可知，此处为同类异物特指，应用those指代members，those of another (culture)=the member of another (culture)。故选D项。 考点四 it的用法 例1．Combining classical elegance with modern simplicity, the horse face skirt is said to perfectly suit the contemporary culture and lifestyle of young people, making ________ a fashion icon (标志). 【答案】it 【解析】设空处指代上文提到的the horse face skirt，应用代词it。故填it。 例2（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·应用文） I would appreciate ________ if you could take my following proposals into consideration. 【答案】it 【解析】考查it。句意：如果您能考虑我以下的建议，我将不胜感激。分析句子成分可知，设空处作宾语，空格后有真正的宾语从句，填it作形式宾语。故填it。 例3 Finally, should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：最后，应该指出的是，享受人群的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语位置，且该主语指代的是“that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends”这一观点，因此应使用形式主语it来占位，真正的主语为后面的that从句；“It should be pointed out that…”是固定句型，意为“应该指出的是……”。故填it。 1.Although foreigners still need to meet certain requirements, this policy made_______ easier for them to visit China. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：虽然外国人仍然需要满足一定的要求，但这一政策使他们更容易访问中国。此处是固定搭配：make it+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.其中it为形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。故填it。 2.To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider _________ a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 【答案】it 【解析】考查it用法。句意：许多人认为这是一个品尝传统美食的好机会，如饺子、糯米糕和炸肉丸，并与亲人分享节日的快乐。此处为句型consider it+n.+不定式，故填it。 3.Some players find ________ hard to follow the story, but that doesn't stop them from enjoying the game. 【答案】it 【解析】find it＋adj.＋to do sth为固定句型，意为“发现做某事……”，应用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。 4.Therefore, it (acknowledge) that Shenzhen has become China’s most livable city. 【答案】is acknowledged 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：因此，深圳被公认为中国最宜居的城市。该句使用固定句型“It+be+动词-ed形式+that从句”，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，句子表达普遍接受的事实或现状，时态为一般现在时，it is acknowledged that意为“人们普遍认为”，从句表示的内容是被人们认为的事实。故填is 。acknowledged。 5.We always take for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们总是认为父母为我们做任何事都是理所当然的，而不要求任何回报。此处是固定搭配：take it for granted that意为“理所当然地认为”，其中it为形式宾语。故填it。 一、单项选择 1．Many students find __________ helpful to take notes while listening to English lectures, as it helps them review key points later. A．them B．this C．that D．it 【答案】D 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：许多学生发现在听英语讲座时做笔记很有帮助，因为这有助于他们后来复习要点。在英语中，当不定式短语、动名词短语或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用“it”作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。本句中，“to take notes while listening to English lectures”是真正的宾语，放在了句尾，前面用it作形式宾语。故选D。 2．Freedom is one of the most precious gifts that heaven has bestowed upon men; no treasures ________ the earth holds buried or the sea conceals can compare with ________. A．that; it B．which; / C．where; it D．that; / 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句和代词。句意：自由是上天赐予人类的最珍贵的礼物之一；地球上埋藏的或海洋隐藏的任何珍宝都无法与之相比。第一空，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词treasures，先行词指物，引导词在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that或which引导，由于先行词前有no修饰，只能用关系代词that引导，故选A和D；第二空，需用代词it指代前面的Freedom，作介词with的宾语，排除D。故选A。 3．As is standard, in a story there is a central character and an inciting incident of some kind ________ needs to deal with. A．he B．that C．whom D．who 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词。句意：按照惯例，在一个故事中，会有一个核心人物和某种需要他去应对的引发事件。空格后“needs to deal with”缺少主语，且“deal with”这一动词短语的宾语是前文提到的“an inciting incident of some kind”，因此，该句应为省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词an inciting incident of some kind，空格处应填入一个主格人称代词，指代前文的“a central character”，并在句中作“needs to deal with”的主语。完整的句子为：As is standard, in a story there is a central character and an inciting incident of some kind which/that he needs to deal with.。故选A项。 4．________ is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters. A．What; measured B．It; measuring C．What; measures D．It; measured 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词和独立主格。句意：那里的天气十分潮湿，以至于树木长得特别高大，有些树木的高度超过了90米。第一空“it”指代“那里的天气”.逗号后无连词，且 “some”与“measure”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词“measuring”构成的独立主格结构。故选B。 5．The loud noise from the construction site made it impossible ________. A．concentrate B．concentrating C．to concentrate D．concentrated 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：建筑工地传来的巨大噪音使人无法集中注意力。根据“make it + 形容词 + to do sth. (使做某事……)”的固定结构可知，此空应是动词不定式to concentrate作真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。故选C。 6．__________ China has built the world's longest high-speed rail network, it is undeniable _________this infrastructure miracle has greatly boosted regional economic development. A．As though; if B．Even if; whether C．Now that; that D．In case; that 【答案】C 【详解】考查连词词义辨析与主语从句。句意：既然中国已经建成了世界上最长的高铁网络，不可否认的是，这一基础设施奇迹极大地推动了区域经济发展。A. As though; if好像，仿佛；如果，是否；B. Even if; whether即使，尽管；是否；C. Now that; that既然，由于；不翻译；D. In case; that以防，万一；不翻译。“建成世界最长高铁网络”是“不可否认的是这一基础设施奇迹极大地推动了区域经济发展”的前提或原因，故第一空表原因，应选C；第二空考查“it is undeniable that...”含义为“不可否认的是……”，that引导主语从句，it做形式主语。也应选that。故选C。 7．We find ________ impossible for us ________ a foreign language well in a short time. A．that; learning B．this; to learn C．one; learning D．it; to learn 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们发现要在短时间内学好一门外语是不太可能的。此处为find it adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语。故选D。 8．________ is known to us all that watching TV can relax our bodies, broaden our minds and enrich our lives. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】B 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：众所周知，看电视可以放松我们的身体，拓宽我们的思维，丰富我们的生活。it is known to sb. that...“众所周知”为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，本句中“that watching TV can relax our body, broaden our mind and enrich our life”为真正的主语，本空用it作形式主语，句首单词，首字母大写。故选B。 9．—I want to be like my friend, Dave. He is handsome and popular. — Oh, dear son, you don’t need to be like anyone. Just be ______. A．myself B．himself C．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：——我想变得像我的朋友戴夫一样。他又帅又受欢迎。——哦，亲爱的儿子，你不需要变得像任何人一样。做你自己就好。A. myself我自己；B. himself他自己；C. yourself你自己。这段对话发生在家长和儿子之间。家长在安慰想要模仿朋友戴夫的儿子，核心句子“you don’t need to be like anyone”（你不需要变得像任何人一样）强调儿子应关注自身的独特性。故选C。 10．She has two daughters, ______ are nurses. A．all of them B．both of them C．both of whom D．all of whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查短语和定语从句。句意：她有两个女儿，她们都是护士。此处根据上文two daughters可知表示两者都，用both of；且非限制性定语从句修饰先行词daughters，作介词of的宾语，指人，故用whom，故选C。 11．My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 【答案】D 【详解】考查人称代词。 句意：我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌。根据“My sister”可知，主语为she。故选D项。 12．The Internet has made ______ possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily ______ they are on opposite sides of the world. A．that; even though B．it; even if C．it; as if D．that; unless 【答案】B 【详解】考查代词和让步状语从句。句意：互联网已经使朋友和家人能够轻松保持联系成为可能，即使他们身处世界的两端。分析句子结构可知，第一个空考查形式宾语的用法。句中for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的宾语，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，用it作形式宾语；第二空even if/though意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境中“身处世界两端仍能轻松联系”的逻辑；as if意为“好像”，代入句中语义不通；unless意为“除非”，不符合句子表达的让步关系。故选B项。 13．They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their expectation was that many people don’t obey it. A．it; what B．that; what C．it; that D．that; why 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词和主语从句。句意：他们已经规定不许在房间里吸烟，但令他们无法理解的是，许多人并不遵守这一规定。第一空为make it a rule not to do sth.是固定短语，意为“规定不做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，因此第一空应用it；______ was beyond their comprehension是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，因此用what引导。故选A。 14．It is well-known ______ the faces some people show to the world may differ from their true personalities. A．how B．what C．that D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：众所周知，有些人向世界展示的面孔可能与他们真实的性格不同。A. how如何，怎样；B. what什么；C. that无实际意义，只起连接作用；D. whether是否。句中“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句“the faces some people show to the world may differ from their true personalities”结构完整，不缺少成分，因此应用that引导主语从句，that在句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。故选C。 15．I would appreciate _______, frankly speaking, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible. A．that B．this C．it D．one 【答案】C 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：坦率地说，如果货物能够尽快发送，我们将不胜感激。此处为“I’d appreciate it if/when+从句”结构，表示“如果/当……时，我将不胜感激”，所以此处用it作形式宾语。故选C项。 16．It is suggested ________ the meeting should be put off until next week. A．that B．whether C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：建议将会议推迟至下周举行。It is suggested that...为固定句型，that引导主语从句，从句语法结构、句意完整，that不充当句子成分，从句使用“should+动词原形”来表示虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。故选A项。 17．It is reported__________ a new park will be built in our city next year. A．which B．that C．what D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据报道，明年我们城市将建一个新公园。句中“It”为形式主语，真正的主语是“__________ a new park will be built in our city next year”，该从句不缺成分，且句意完整，需用连接词that引导，that在主语从句中无实际意义，仅起连接作用。故选B项。 18．Today, it is ________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is ________ of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. A．estimated, comprised B．estimate, comprised C．estimates, comprised D．estimating, comprising 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态、语态及固定搭配。句意：据估计，如今中国国内约 60% 的大米消费由袁隆平杂交品种的作物构成。第一空考查固定句型“It is + 过去分词 + that...”，表示“据……”，此处需用过去分词形式。It is estimated that...意为“据估计……”，形式主语it和动词estimate之间是被动关系，故第一空应用过去分词estimated；第二空为固定短语be comprised of...，意为“由……构成”,故填comprised。故选A。 一、阅读理解 A The upcoming winter season offers a selection of the finest, quickest, toughest and most delightful running events across the UK for those seeking adventure or community spirit. ● Bah Humbug 10K, 1 December Do yourself a favour and bring towels and plastic bags with you, because every bit of gear you wear during this event is likely to be caked with mud by the end. Therefore, the organisers have done well to ensure there are changing rooms and showers available for all runners. racebest. com ● Winter Solstice Strider, 8 December Dig that head flashlight out of the messy drawer for this after-dark run or walk for a good cause. You have a 5K route, which winds through the forest at the St Ives Estate. The route is far from flat and will almost certainly be muddy in places, so make sure your batteries are well charged in case there are emergencies. sueryder. org ● The Christmas Charity Run, 21 December This event is run by a most environmentally conscious organiser in the country, and is therefore only open to local runners to reduce car travel. Another great feature is that £7. 50 of the £10 entry fee goes straight to a local charity that supports people with cancer, making this one of the most positive-impact events that you could possibly find. eventrac. co. uk ● Mapledurham 10& Half, 29 December Mapledurham events are always well organised and, with unpleasant weather likely, you'll have to deal with some mud on the various uphills and downhills on whichever of the 10K, 10-mile or half-marathon courses you choose. The organisers have prioritised finding a good route over precise measurements, so all three races have a rather loose relationship with their stated distance. mstevents. co. uk 1．Which website offers information for night run participants? A．sueryder. org B．racebest. com C．eventrac. co. uk D．mstevents. co. uk 2．What makes the Mapledurham events unique? A．Eco-friendly goals. B．Flexible race distances. C．Strong charity focus. D．Muddy running courses. 3．Which column of a magazine is the text probably from? A．Tech Trends. B．Athlete Profiles. C．News Insight. D．Race Guide. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国冬季即将举办的四场跑步赛事，包括赛事日期、特色、注意事项及官方网站，为跑步爱好者提供赛事参考。 1．细节理解题。根据“Winter Solstice Strider, 8 December”部分中的“Dig that head flashlight out of the messy drawer for this after-dark run or walk for a good cause.(从乱糟糟的抽屉里找出头灯，参加这场夜间跑步或步行公益活动。)”可知，这场赛事是夜间举办的，其官方网站为sueryder. org。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mapledurham 10& Half, 29 December”部分中的“The organisers have prioritised finding a good route over precise measurements, so all three races have a rather loose relationship with their stated distance.(组织者优先考虑找到一条好的路线，而不是精确测量，所以这三场比赛与它们所声明的距离之间的关系相当松散。)”可知，Mapledurham赛事的独特之处在于其灵活的比赛距离。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“The upcoming winter season offers a selection of the finest, quickest, toughest and most delightful running events across the UK for those seeking adventure or community spirit.(即将到来的冬季为那些寻求冒险或团队精神的人提供了英国各地最精彩、最快、最艰难、最令人愉快的跑步赛事。)”以及下文对四个跑步赛事的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了英国即将到来的冬季跑步赛事，包括赛事名称、日期、特点以及相关信息查询网址，因此这篇文章可能来自杂志的“赛事指南”专栏。故选D。 B Last spring, my neighbor Donna and I, both in our seventies, spent several hours in the glorious sunshine enjoying the new season. When it was time to sit down and relax, Donna pulled out her red metal chair from her garage (车库), and I sat on an overturned plastic bucket (桶). It was fun to catch up on the news that we had missed during the long winter indoors. However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench. After dismissing unsuitable options from local stores, she found a perfect one online. The next day it arrived. Excitedly, she opened the box and started putting it together. We proudly high-fived each other as the pieces joined up and the bench started to look like one. After a few minutes’ assistance from a neighbour, it was complete. What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats. Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors. One day, someone called out from the sidewalk, “What do you do on that bench?” Quick-thinking Donna called back, “It’s our ‘Thinking Bench’! We think about important things happening in our lives.” Then, the name gradually evolved—after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a “Decision-Making Bench”; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was “meditating (冥想) ”, adding yet another name. Last fall, with the temperature falling, we came to the end of sitting outdoors. We were faced with one dilemma-what to do about it in the winter? Well, we sat down and thought and meditated and decided to put it in Donna’s garage for the winter. When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives. 4．Donna decided to replace the chair and bucket to _________. A．lighten the carrying load B．attract more neighbours C．get better seating for chats D．adapt to warmer weather 5．How did the bench get its various names? A．From items placed on it. B．From seasonal discussions. C．From users’ activities on it. D．From Donna’s creative ideas. 6．Why are pots and boxes mentioned in the last paragraph? A．To suggest the flowers would soon be planted. B．To show the bench was not serving its purpose. C．To describe the bench’s practical use in winter. D．To explain why the bench needed winter storage. 7．What does “The Bench” represent by the story’s end? A．A symbol of community bonds. B．A solution to the aging problem. C．A reminder of the past summer. D．A memory of a valued online order. 【答案】4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和邻居唐娜在户外放置长椅，长椅吸引邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，最终成为邻里情谊象征的故事。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench.(然而，在接下来的几天里，事实证明，我们需要的不仅仅是一把椅子和一只不太舒服的水桶。唐娜决定我们需要一条长凳。)”以及“What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats.(更重要的是，它非常适合两位70多岁的老人进行傍晚的聊天。)”可知，唐娜决定把椅子和桶换成长凳是为了让聊天时有更好的座位。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then, the name gradually evolved — after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a ‘Decision-Making Bench’; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was ‘meditating’, adding yet another name.(然后，这个名字逐渐演变——一位邻居独自坐着沉思后，他宣称这是一个‘决策长椅’；还有一次，当唐娜被发现打盹时，她坚持说自己在‘冥想’，于是又加了一个名字。)”可知，长凳的名字来源于使用者在长凳上的活动。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives.(在接下来的几个月里，当我瞥见它几次时，长凳孤零零地立着，上面放着空花盆和一些扁平的旧盒子。但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳上放着空花盆和旧盒子，说明长凳在冬天没有发挥它的作用，即让邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors.(很快，长凳吸引了其他邻居。)”以及最后一段中的“But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome ‘The Bench’ back into our lives.(但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳吸引了邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，它最终象征着邻里间的情谊联结。故选A。 C In the bitter cold of the Arctic and Antarctica, bubbles in ice could become the ideal way to send messages. Communicating in these regions is easier said than done, as the extreme sub-zero temperatures often limit equipment with high energy demands. To solve this issue, scientists have pioneered a plan to introduce frozen bubbles messages as a new method of communication. And the idea is more than an exercise in frivolity, said Mengjie Song, an expert in thermodynamics (热力学) at the Beijing Institute of Technology and one of the lead authors of the new study published in the scientific journal Cell Reports Physical Science. “It is a totally new method for humans to record information,” Dr. Song said. He and his colleagues found that they could produce different shapes of air pockets in the ice sheet. Those shapes could be turned into Morse code (莫尔斯电码), which relies on dashes and dots. A camera captured the sequence of shapes, which were subsequently processed by a computer and translated into English letters and Arabic numerals. Researchers acknowledged, however, that much more work would have to be done to make such applications feasible. This foundational breakthrough opens up a range of potential practical uses. For instance, it could be used to help create more accurate models for de-icing power lines, airplanes and high- speed trains. A clearer grasp of how ice bubbles form could also help scientists better understand the thermal and mechanical properties of bricks made from lunar soil. Trained to recognize patterns in ice bubbles, artificial intelligence (AI) could help study glaciers for clues about past climate patterns, or identify potential deposits (矿床) of natural gas. Ice is an ancient substance that is found in every aspect of our lives. More specifically, ice bubbles are already known to hold clues about the atmospheric conditions that existed when they were formed. “We can not only make a message, but we can know the message inside it,” Dr. Song said. Although ice bubbles would probably not replace text messages, the new findings were important. “Science often works this way,” he said. Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst. 8．What does the underlined word “frivolity” in paragraph 2 mean? A．An untested theory. B．A conventional practice. C．A tough challenge. D．A meaningless behavior. 9．What do we know about ice bubbles from the text? A．Their shapes can be processed to record information. B．Their formation helps in developing de-icing models. C．They are studied to improve lunar soil brick properties. D．Their patterns help AI to confirm existing natural gas deposits. 10．What can we infer from “Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst” in paragraph 4? A．Some ice bubbles may exist permanently. B．The new research may have lasting value. C．Ice bubbles would replace text messages. D．Science relies on ice bubbles to prove key facts. 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Ice Bubbles for Arctic Communication B．Morse Code: Ice Bubble Translation Tool C．Ice Bubbles: Messages and Clues D．Ice Bubbles and Practical Solutions 【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰泡传递信息的新方法及其多种潜在价值与意义。 8．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“‘It is a totally new method for humans to record information,’ Dr. Song said. (宋博士说：‘这是一种全新的人类记录信息的方法。’)”可知，利用冰泡记录信息是一种全新的方法，不是无意义的行为，故可推测出“And the idea is more than an exercise in frivolity”想表达的是“这个想法并非一种无意义的行为”，所以“frivolity”意为“无意义的行为”。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He and his colleagues found that they could produce different shapes of air pockets in the ice sheet. Those shapes could be turned into Morse code, which relies on dashes and dots. A camera captured the sequence of shapes, which were subsequently processed by a computer and translated into English letters and Arabic numerals. (他和他的同事发现，他们可以在冰原中产生不同形状的气泡。这些形状可以变成莫尔斯电码，它依赖于破折号和圆点。摄像机捕捉到了形状的顺序，随后由计算机处理并翻译成英文字母和阿拉伯数字。)”可知，冰泡的形状可以被处理以记录信息。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Although ice bubbles would probably not replace text messages, the new findings were important. ‘Science often works this way,’ he said. Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst. (虽然冰泡可能不会取代短信，但新发现很重要。‘科学经常这样运作，’他说。也许，并不是所有的泡沫都注定会破裂。)”且全文强调该研究的潜在应用价值(如除冰、气候研究等)可推测出，最后一句“Not all bubbles, maybe, are fated to burst”用比喻手法暗示这项新研究并非转瞬即逝，可能具有持久的价值。故选B。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In the bitter cold of the Arctic and Antarctica, bubbles in ice could become the ideal way to send messages. (在北极和南极的严寒中，冰中的气泡可能成为发送信息的理想方式。)”以及最后一段中“More specifically, ice bubbles are already known to hold clues about the atmospheric conditions that existed when they were formed. (更具体地说，冰泡已经被认为包含了它们形成时存在的大气条件的线索。)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了科学家发现冰泡的形状可以被处理以记录信息，以及冰泡可能带来的实际应用和价值，所以C选项“Ice Bubbles: Messages and Clues (冰泡：信息和线索)”全面涵盖核心内容，贴合主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 D What if you could meet most of your daily needs-shopping, work, education, healthcare-within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from your home? This is the exciting vision of the “15-minute city”, an urban planning concept that gained global attention years ago. However, putting it into practice has sparked unexpected and fierce opposition. The concept was popularized by Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris and based on the research of French scholar Carlos Moreno. It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking. Advocates argue that this model addresses multiple crises all at the same time: climate change, social isolation, and public health. Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept. The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break. The situation mirrors past urban conflicts. For instance, many people opposed creating walking-only streets in city centers decades ago, but now, such areas are mostly loved and valued. The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future. 12．What can we learn about “chronic-urbanism” in paragraph 2? A．It gives more space to people. B．It aims to expand road networks. C．It focuses on car development. D．It was created by Carlos Moreno. 13．What do the opponents think of the 15-minute city? A．Traffic-slowing. B．Money-wasting. C．Freedom-limiting. D．Tech-demanding. 14．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The challenge of a less car-centered life. B．The significance of private cars. C．The public’s reactions to a new policy. D．The definition of car dependency. 15．What does the experts’ conclusion imply in the last paragraph? A．Public opinions are too hard to change. B．Sustainable transition is the top priority. C．Communication matters as much as design. D．Planning should send an innovative message. 【答案】12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。“15分钟城市”理念旨在让日常需求步行或骑行可达、还空间于人，兼具多重益处，但遭不实反对，核心阻力是汽车依赖，其推行需兼顾设计与有效传递可持续人文城市愿景。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“It suggests a move from city planning centered mainly on cars to one focused on “chronic-urbanism”. The goal is to return urban space to people, with more parks and streets for walking.(它主张从主要以汽车为中心的城市规划转向以“慢性城市主义”为核心的规划模式。其目标是将城市空间还给市民，增加更多的公园和步行街道)”可知，“慢性城市主义”为人们提供了更多的空间。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite its apparent benefits, opponents have misrepresented the idea online, framing it as a secret government plan to control people’s free movement. While these claims are baseless, they have gained support, influencing public opinion and making it harder for cities like Oxford and Melbourne to carry out the concept.(尽管该计划有明显的好处，但反对者在网上歪曲了这一想法，将其描述为政府控制民众自由行动的秘密计划。尽管这些说法毫无根据，但它们却获得了支持，影响了公众舆论，使得像牛津和墨尔本这样的城市难以推行这一理念)”可知，反对者们认为“15 分钟城市”限制了自由。故选C。 14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The real issue, however, goes deeper than misinformation. It points to a fundamental problem in urban innovation: the difficulty of imagining a life less dependent on the private car. For decades, the car has symbolized personal freedom and status. Any policy that seems to reduce car use, even if it aims to enhance overall quality of life, can make people feel emotionally upset. This reflects what transport experts call “car dependency”, a cultural and deep-rooted habit that is hard to break.(然而，真正的问题远不止是信息传播不准确这么简单。它揭示了城市创新中一个根本性的难题：难以想象一种不再过度依赖私家车的生活方式。数十年来，汽车一直象征着个人自由和地位。任何看似减少汽车使用量的政策，即便其目的是提升整体生活质量，也会让人们产生情绪上的不适。这反映了交通专家所说的“对汽车的依赖”，这是一种根深蒂固的文化习惯，很难改变)”可知，本段主要讲了一种少依赖汽车的生活方式所带来的挑战。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The experts of a recent study on sustainable transition conclude that the battle for the 15-minute city is not just about planning; it’s about messaging. Success depends not only on smart design but also on effectively conveying its vision of a more sustainable and human urban future.(最近一项关于可持续转型的研究专家得出结论：这场关于打造“15分钟城市”的竞争不仅关乎规划，还关乎宣传策略。成功的关键不仅在于巧妙的设计，还在于有效地传达其对于更可持续、更人性化城市未来的愿景)”可知，最后一段专家们的结论意味着交流与设计同样重要。故选C。 七选五 Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. 16 They can impact how people judge you in the workplace. Becoming aware of the body language you use when communicating can help you ensure your message is being delivered effectively. Here are some steps you can take to improve your body language. Make eye contact It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. 17 A simple strategy to ensure you’re maintaining the right amount of eye contact is to look into the person’s eyes long enough to take note of their eye color before looking away. This strategy ensures you make proper eye contact for a length of time that’s natural and comfortable to both parties. Relax your shoulders One step you can take to improve your body language is to relax your shoulders, allowing them to drop to a comfortable height. Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. 18 Be aware of where they are currently sitting and allow them to drop to a natural position. Nod from time to time Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. 19 Also, it makes them know that you agree with or are interested in the message they’re sharing, which can help to increase their confidence. Smile from the bottom of your heart Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. 20 A．A sincere smile can brighten up the darkest day. B．However, it’s important to avoid making too much. C．Body language can be confusing in different cultures. D．They include things like gestures, tone of voice, and eye contact. E．It’s a good way to encourage them to continue what they’re saying. F．Similarly, ones that are too low can give the impression that you’re sad. G．Turning up the corners of your mouth slightly can give you a calm and pleasant look. 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．F 19．E 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的定义及改善肢体语言的四个具体方法。 16．上文“Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. (肢体语言是指人们用来交流的非语言信号)”介绍了肢体语言的定义，空处需具体说明非语言信号包含的内容。D选项“它们包括手势、语调、眼神交流等”，其中“They”指代上文的“nonverbal signals”，且列举的内容符合非语言信号的范畴，承接上文逻辑。故选D。 17．上文“It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. (和与你说话的人进行眼神交流很重要)”强调了眼神交流的重要性，空处需补充眼神交流的注意事项。B选项“然而，重要的是要避免过度眼神交流”，用“However”形成转折，既不否定前文的重要性，又指出合理的边界，符合“保持适当眼神交流”的后续说明逻辑。故选B。 18．上文“Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. (肩膀太高会让你看起来很紧张)”说明了肩膀过高的问题，空处需对应说明肩膀过低的情况。F选项“同样，肩膀太低会给人留下你很难过的印象”，“Similarly”表示与上文情况类似，进一步说明肩膀位置不合适（太低）带来的问题，符合语境。故选F。 19．上文“Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’ re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. (点头是向与你交谈的人表明你在倾听并参与他们所说内容的好方法)”介绍了点头的作用，空处需进一步说明其效果。E选项“这是鼓励他们继续说下去的好方法”承接上文，进一步阐述点头带来的积极影响，即鼓励对方继续说，符合语境。故选E。 20．上文“Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. (当你第一次被介绍给某人时，以及在交谈过程中，在适当的时候微笑。在整个交谈过程中注意你的面部表情，因为面无表情往往会让人觉得你在生气)”强调了微笑以及注意面部表情的重要性，空处需给出具体建议及效果。G选项“微微扬起嘴角可以让你看起来平静而愉快”具体说明了如何通过面部表情来展现好的状态，符合语境。故选G。 二、完形填空 Wyatt Smuszko, a teenager with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), felt lonely as he grew. His mother, Deanne Frère, watched with a heavy heart because his opportunities to connect with the world 21 . That’s when Deanne and her son 22 an idea — a stall (摊位) called “Wild Wild Wyatt” and Wyatt became “the boss” of his own business selling second-hand cowboy clothing. Soon this pop-up stall became his unique 23 . “There, he learned to look customers in the eye, shake hands, and explain the story behind each 24 shirt and pair of boots.” recalled Deanne. People didn’t just buy; they 25 . They stopped for a while, chatting with Wyatt, knowing their 26 was for a larger cause. Wyatt’s stall soon piled up with donated cowboy clothing from a (n) 27 community. After two successful years, Wyatt had raised an impressive $ 5,000 for charity. Upon his graduation, he 28 the business proudly to Samantha Webber, a 15-year-old with the same disease and a fan of cowboy clothing who had once bought her first pair of cowboy boots from him. 29 , Samantha stepped right into the role of running the business, which she renamed “Stampede Samantha’s Country Sparkle”. Like Wyatt, she organized new 30 and planned to donate her profits to charity. Watching Samantha greet her first customer, Wyatt 31 . For him, the greatest 32 wasn’t the money raised, but the confidence gained and the 33 that his idea would develop in Samantha’s hands. From Wyatt’s first brave “ 34 ” to Samantha’s successful takeover, what began as a solution to isolation blossomed into a 35 of kindness. 21．A．surfaced B．faded C．multiplied D．changed 22．A．ruled out B．struggled with C．hit upon D．made up 23．A．laboratory B．classroom C．dorm D．office 24．A．well-worn B．hard-won C．home-made D．custom-fit 25．A．bargained B．compromised C．celebrated D．connected 26．A．approval B．curiosity C．sacrifice D．purchase 27．A．supportive B．energetic C．wealthy D．competitive 28．A．narrowed down B．handed over C．showed off D．brought back 29．A．Nervous B．Relieved C．Thrilled D．Hesitant 30．A．sales B．talks C．games D．shows 31．A．shouted B．bowed C．sighed D．smiled 32．A．challenge B．secret C．reward D．idea 33．A．proposal B．knowledge C．assumption D．lesson 34．A．hello B．thanks C．no D．goodbye 35．A．source B．word C．history D．chain 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述唐氏综合征少年怀亚特因孤独与母亲创办二手牛仔服饰摊位，学会交流并为慈善筹款5000美元。他毕业后将摊位传给同龄患者萨曼莎，这份善意与事业得以传承。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲德安妮·弗雷尔心情沉重地注视着他，因为儿子与外界接触的机会越来越少。A. surfaced浮出水面；B. faded逐渐消失，褪色；C. multiplied增加；D. changed改变。根据上文“felt lonely as he grew”可知，指儿子因为患有唐氏综合征，与外界接触的机会越来越少。故选B。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，黛安娜和她的儿子想到了一个主意——开一家名为“狂野的威亚特”的店铺，而威亚特则成为了自己二手牛仔服饰销售生意的“老板”。A. ruled out排除；B. struggled with与……斗争；C. hit upon想到；D. made up组成。根据后文“an idea — a stall called “Wild Wild Wyatt””可知，他们想到了开店的主意。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，这个临时搭建的摊位就成了他专属的教室。A. laboratory实验室；B. classroom教室；C. dorm宿舍；D. office办公室。根据后文“he learned to look customers in the eye, shake hands, and explain the story”可知，摊位成了儿子学习社交的地方，即教室。故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在那里，他学会了要直视顾客的眼睛、握手，并且能够向他们详细讲述每一件破旧衬衫和每一双靴子背后的故事。”黛安回忆道。A. well-worn旧的；B. hard-won来之不易的；C. home-made自制的；D. custom-fit定制的。根据上文“selling second-hand cowboy clothing”可知，摊位出售二手物品，即讲述每一件破旧衬衫和每一双靴子背后的故事。故选A。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们不再只是购买商品，而是建立了联系。A. bargained讨价还价；B. compromised妥协；C. celebrated庆祝；D. connected连接。根据后文“They stopped for a while, chatting with Wyatt”可知，顾客和儿子建立了联系。故选D。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们停了下来，与怀亚特交谈了一会儿，他们清楚这次购买是为了一个更大的目标。A. approval赞成；B. curiosity好奇心；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. purchase购买。呼应上文“People didn’t just buy”指人们清楚这次购买是为了一个更大的目标。故选D。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怀亚特的摊位很快就堆满了来自一个支持他的社区捐赠的牛仔服饰。A. supportive支持的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. wealthy富有的；D. competitive竞争的。根据后文“After two successful years, Wyatt had raised an impressive $5, 000 for charity.(经过两年的不懈努力，怀亚特为慈善事业筹集到了令人瞩目的5000美元善款)”可知，摊位筹集善款，堆满了来自一个支持他的社区捐赠的牛仔服饰。故选A。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕业后，他满怀自豪地将公司交给了萨曼莎·韦伯，萨曼莎今年15岁，患有同样的疾病，还喜欢牛仔服饰。她曾从他那里购买过自己的第一双牛仔靴。A. narrowed down缩小范围；B. handed over交给；C. showed off炫耀；D. brought back带回。根据后文“Samantha stepped right into the role of running the business”可知，怀亚特满怀自豪地将公司交给了萨曼莎·韦伯，故选B。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：兴奋不已的萨曼莎毫不犹豫地承担起了经营生意的重任，并将生意更名为“萨曼莎·斯塔姆佩的乡村闪耀”。A. Nervous紧张的；B. Relieved安慰的；C. Thrilled激动的；D. Hesitant犹豫的。根据后文“which she renamed “Stampede Samantha’s Country Sparkle””可知，给生意更名说明对经营生意兴奋不已。故选C。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和怀亚特一样，她组织了新的销售活动，并计划将所得利润捐赠给慈善机构。A. sales销售；B. talks谈话；C. games游戏；D. shows展示。根据上文“his own business selling second-hand cowboy clothing”可知，摊位主要是销售二手物品，和怀亚特一样，她组织了新的销售活动，故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着萨曼莎向她的第一位顾客打招呼，怀亚特露出了笑容。A. shouted叫喊；B. bowed鞠躬；C. sighed叹息；D. smiled微笑。根据上文“Watching Samantha greet her first customer, Wyatt”可知，怀亚特把生意交给了萨曼莎经营，所以看着萨曼莎向她的第一位顾客打招呼，怀亚特露出了笑容。故选D。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他而言，最大的收获并非筹集到的资金，而是所获得的信心，以及坚信自己的想法会在萨曼莎的手中得以发展。A. challenge挑战；B. secret秘密；C. reward奖励，收获；D. idea想法。根据上文“After two successful years, Wyatt had raised an impressive $5,000 for charity.(经过两年的不懈努力，怀亚特为慈善事业筹集到了令人瞩目的5000美元善款)”以及后文“wasn’t the money raised”可知，对他而言，最大的收获并非筹集到的资金，故选C。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对怀亚特而言，最大的回报并非筹集到的资金，而是收获的自信，以及知晓自己的想法能在萨曼莎手中得以延续的欣慰。A. proposal提议；B. knowledge知道，知识；C. assumption假设；D. lesson课程。根据后文“that his idea would develop in Samantha’s hands”可知，他知晓自己的想法能在萨曼莎手中得以延续。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从怀亚特那勇敢的“你好”到萨曼莎的成功接管，起初只是为解决孤独问题而采取的措施，最终却发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。A. hello你好；B. thanks感谢；C. no不；D. goodbye再见。根据上文“felt lonely as he grew”可知，摊位一开始是为了让怀亚特摆脱孤独，和人们建立联系，即从问候人们“你好”开始，故选A。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从怀亚特那勇敢的“你好”到萨曼莎的成功接管，起初只是为解决孤独问题而采取的措施，最终却发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。A. source来源；B. word单词；C. history历史；D. chain链条。根据上文“the business proudly to Samantha Webber”以及“to Samantha’s successful takeover”可知，善举得到了传递，发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。故选D。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With profits jumping to nearly 1.3 billion yuan at the box office as of Aug 26, the ink-wash animated film Nobody has broken 36 previous record set by Big Fish & Begonia (2016), making it the highest-earning domestic 2D animated film in Chinese cinema history. The film follows four small monsters — a pig, a toad, a weasel, and an ape — who disguise 37 characters from Journey to the West, seeking to live forever before finding themselves protecting villagers from evil 38 (force). 39 (create) the film’s unique Chinese animation style, Yu Shui, director of the film, and his team conducted field research from northern to southern Shanxi, bringing the beauty of the 40 (province) ancient architecture onto the silver screen. “During production, integrating a large number of Shanxi landmarks and elements of ancient architecture into the film 41 (drive) primarily by the needs of the plot, as these fantastic structures could enhance the film. 42 (additional), it’s because I am from Taiyuan and have a deep emotional connection to these ancient buildings,” Yu said. At the recently 43 (conclude) 7th Shanxi Cultural Industries Fair, Yu invited moviegoers to visit the province 44 inspired its ancient architectural scenes. The director’s invitation highlights a dynamic phenomenon in the country’s creative industries — using advanced technology to revive cultural heritage not within the museums but through engaging and 45 (access) mediums, such as games and films. 【答案】 36．the 37．as 38．forces 39．To create 40．province’s 41．was driven 42．Additionally 43．concluded 44．that/which 45．accessible 【导语】这是一篇说明文。《浪浪山小妖怪》票房近13亿元，破国产2D动画纪录。导演团队采风山西，融入古建元素，借电影等媒介用科技活化文化遗产。 36．考查冠词。句意：截至8月26日，该水墨动画电影的票房利润已飙升至近13亿元。这部影片打破了此前由《大鱼海棠》（2016年）创下的纪录，成为中国电影史上票房最高的2D动画电影。此处record特指之前的记录，用定冠词。故填the。 37．考查介词。句意：这部电影讲述的是四个小怪物的故事——一只猪、一只蟾蜍、一只黄鼠狼和一只猿猴，它们装扮成《西游记》中的角色，试图长生不老，却最终发现自己要保护村民免受邪恶势力的侵害。短语disguise as…表示“装扮成……”。故填as。 38．考查名词的数。句意：这部电影讲述的是四个小怪物的故事——一只猪、一只蟾蜍、一只黄鼠狼和一只猿猴，它们装扮成《西游记》中的角色，试图长生不老，却最终发现自己要保护村民免受邪恶势力的侵害。此处名词force数量大于一用复数形式，作宾语。故填forces。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：为打造影片独特的中国动画风格，导演於水及其团队在山西自北向南开展实地采风，将该省古建筑之美搬上了银幕。此处create作目的状语用不定式，首字母大写。故填To create。 40．考查名词所有格。句意：为打造影片独特的中国动画风格，导演於水及其团队在山西自北向南开展实地采风，将该省古建筑之美搬上了银幕。此处province与architecture构成所属关系，用名词所有格形式。故填province’s。 41．考查时态语态。句意：在拍摄过程中，将大量山西的地标建筑和古代建筑元素融入影片，主要是出于剧情的需要，因为这些奇幻的建筑能够为影片增色不少。主语film与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was driven。 42．考查副词。句意：“此外，这是因为我来自太原，而且我对这些古老的建筑有着深厚的感情纽带，”於水说道。修饰后文句子用副词additionally，首字母大写。故填Additionally。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：在刚刚结束的第七届山西文化产业博览会上，於水邀请观众们前往那个孕育了众多古建筑景观的地方参观游览。此处为非谓语，动词conclude与Fair构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填concluded。 44．考查定语从句。句意：在刚刚结束的第七届山西文化产业博览会上，於水邀请观众们前往那个孕育了众多古建筑景观的地方参观游览。定语从句修饰先行词province，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。 45．考查形容词。句意：这位导演的邀请突显了该国创意产业中的一种活跃现象：利用先进的技术来重振文化遗产，这些活动并非局限于博物馆内，而是通过具有吸引力且易于理解的媒介来实现，比如游戏和电影。修饰名词mediums用形容词accessible。故填accessible。 四、书面表达 46．假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英语俱乐部正在举办主题为“The Power of Museums”的征文活动。请根据你查询到的以下图表信息，写一篇稿件。 内容包括： (1)简单说明图表反映的现象； (2)简要分析该现象产生的原因(如展览多样、互动性强、丰富生活和学习等)； (3)鼓励大家走进博物馆。 注意： (1)词数不少于100。 (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The Power of Museums As vividly shown in the chart, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of visitors to museums in China. In 2014, the number was merely 720 million, while in 2024, it soared to 1.4 billion. This trend can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, museums nowadays present a rich variety of exhibitions. They display not only historical relics but also artworks and modern scientific achievements, catering to diverse interests. Secondly, museums have enhanced interactivity. Visitors can engage in hands-on activities like virtual reality experiences and DIY workshops, making their visits more immersive and appealing. Since museums are so attractive and beneficial, why not pay them a visit? Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply eager to learn, museums have something for everyone. Let’s step into museums and explore the wonderful world they offer! 【导语】这是一篇图表作文。5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英语俱乐部正在举办主题为The Power Of Museums的征文活动，根据考生搜集的图表信息写一篇稿件。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 显著的：remarkable→notable 归因于：attribute ...to→owe... to 增强：enhance→strengthen 有吸引力的：appealing→attractive 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：Since museums are so attractive and beneficial, why not pay them a visit? 拓展句：Considering that museums are extremely charming and advantageous, you’d better pay them a visit. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】As vividly shown in the chart, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of visitors to museums in China.（运用了 as 引导的非限制性定语从句 ） 【高分句型 2】Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply eager to learn, museums have something for everyone.（运用了whether...or...引导的让步状语从句） / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $