专题04 阅读理解（议论文和新闻报道）（学考真题汇编，全国通用）高中英语

专题04 阅读理解（议论文和新闻报道） 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 哲理感悟,计划,议论文 2 适中 学校生活,科学技术 ,议论文 3 适中 发明与创造 ,环境保护,新闻报道 4 适中 环境保护,新闻报道 5 适中 食物与饮料 ,发明与创造 ,新闻报道 6 适中 方法/策略,哲理感悟,议论文 7 适中 学习,课程,新闻报道 8 较难 社会问题与社会现象,新闻报道 9 较难 社会问题与社会现象,议论文 10 较难 信息技术 ,社会问题与社会现象,议论文 Passage 1 （2024高二·湖北·学业考试）Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 1．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 2．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life Passage 2 （2023·广东·学业考试）Mr Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code (二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (使产生)the codes, and in the end everything gets easier, ” said Guo. “When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat (微信). Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work everywhere using my computer or telephone. ” The QR codes can be sent to Mr Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans (扫描) his students’ QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative (创新的), with many pictures, music and even videos. Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. “We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun,” said Tingting, a student of Guo’s. “The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share,” Guo said. “It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I don’t want my students to fall behind the times.” However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. But in fact, it’s unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the students’ work at any time. And it’s also an easy way to share homework with other students. 1．According to the passage, students can keep their homework on 　　　　. A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客) 2．Guo’s students think the new way is 　　　　. A．strange B．boring C．interesting D．unnecessary 3．What does “It” in paragraph 4 refer to(指代)? A．The paper is not easy to keep. B．Keeping and sharing the code easily. C．Trying to use new technology in education. D．Education itself is a kind of creation. 4．Some parents are worried, because they think their children will 　　　　. A．talk with teachers face to face B．spend too much time on computers or phones C．not like the new way of handing in homework D．find the QR codes too difficult to use 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Teachers needn’t check homework any more. B．Students needn’t hand in homework any more. C．Using QR codes makes checking homework easier. D．Some parents are worried about their children. Passage 3 （2024·北京·学业考试）Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed (海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution (化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 1．The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A．answer a question B．express an opinion C．present a problem D．provide an example 2．What is Ooho? A．A protective skin. B．Bubbled water. C．A chemical solution. D．Plastic material. 3．What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Functions. B．Wonders. C．Purposes. D．Weaknesses. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Water That You Can Eat B．Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C．Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D．Bubbles to Improve Our Health Passage 4 （2024高二·湖北·学业考试）UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved. Delegates (代表) say they are pleased that the rule book for the Paris Climate Agreement is finally coming together. But these technical discussions took place against the background of a larger battle about coal, oil and gas. It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels. This meeting, known as COP23, was tasked with clarifying complex operational issues around the workings (工作方式，运动方式) of the Paris Climate Agreement. One of the most important elements was the development of a process that would help countries to review and increase their promises to cut carbon. Fiji, holding the presidency of this meeting, proposed what’s being called the Talanoa Dialogue. Over the next year, a series of discussions will take place to help countries look at the promises they have made under the Paris Pact (巴黎协定). “A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute. “In Poland, ministers say they will increase their actions, so that we end up with national plans that will be a much more ambitious set of climate actions.” Threatening over these discussions in Bonn was the question of coal, oil and gas. US coal and nuclear companies organised a presentation here arguing that fossil fuels should be a key part of the solution to rising temperatures. 1．Where was the meeting held this year? A．In Bonn. B．In Poland. C．In Paris. 2．What should be discussed in Poland next year? A．Technical problems. B．Cutting down fossil fuels. C．The Paris Climate Agreement. 3．What can we learn about the Talanoa Dialogue? A．It has been ignored in Poland. B．Ministers was against the dialogue. C．Yamide Dagnet supports the dialogue. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．An announcement. B．A news report. C．A show review. Passage 5 （2024高二·北京·学业考试）In late June, two companies were given permits to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. The companies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer. Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells that are grow n in a lab. The process is called “cell-based” or “cultured” meat. The process of creating lab-grown meat is completely different from the normal meat raising process. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour. The first cells come from live animals. Then the cells are grown inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold. The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change. There are many companies these days that focus on making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. Polls (民意调查) have shown that many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that “it just sounds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.” But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. It will probably be a long time before you’re able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores. 1．To produce lab-grown meat, the companies should________. A．study how to feed live animals. B．decide where to store meat products. C．add different flavours to sheets of meat. D．select cells suitable for producing meat. 2．As for producing lab-grown meat, Paragraph 4 is mainly about its________. A．future. B．advantage. C．techniques. D．process. 3．What is Russel Phillips’ attitude toward lab-grown meat? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 4．The lab-grown meat still has a problem with its________. A．quality. B．safety. C．price. D．taste. Passage 6 （25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it. These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 1．What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? A．Tolerant. B．Approving. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 2．Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A．They lack debating skills. B．They may feel upset even though they win. C．They fear being neglected. D．They don’t have faith in themselves. 3．What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Explain. B．Defend. C．Conclude. D．Fuel. 4．What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A．Strengthening sense of logic. B．Gathering solid supporting evidence. C．Seeing things from both sides’ perspectives. D．Practicing proper manners. Passage 7 （25-26高二上·河北保定·期中）When Tina Farr visits the year 2 classroom at her Oxford primary school, she can feel the change in atmosphere since play was put firmly back on the curriculum (课程). “The children come running up with things they have made. There is always a shop on the go so they will be pricing up something or finding change,” the headteacher says. Play-based learning — letting children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided activities — usually stops when they attend primary school. Lessons then become desk-based, focused on reading and writing. Farr had long championed the value of play, working hard to bring it into break time. “Teachers would recognize what we do and it doesn’t take any more planning than the standard approach.” With play-based learning in place for her year 1 and 2 children, Farr then looked at where else she could change any practices that weren’t working. “If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child development, why are we doing it?” The school’s year 5 children — aged nine and 10 — were struggling to sit still in a tight space so she removed all the furniture. “The impact was immediate and impressive. Children now choose where and how to learn. A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged.” A teacher noted: “Their self-regulation has improved greatly. They settle down to work much more readily.” Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change. “We have neuroscience (神经科学) that shows us children learn through play.” In June the school sailed through its OFSTED inspection. “The inspector really understood our play-based learning.” Farr’s message is that her approach can be rolled out. “It’s blown my mind how engaged the children are. It’s phenomenal (了不起的),” she says. 1．Which of the following best describes “play-based learning”? A．Children following clear instructions to complete art projects. B．Children creating their own games and exploring personal interests. C．Children completing academic worksheets at their desks. D．Children memorizing facts through repetitive classroom drills. 2．Why did Farr implement play-based learning? A．To reduce teaching preparation time. B．To improve exam performance. C．To support child development. D．To attract media attention. 3．How did the fifth graders respond to the new classroom arrangement? A．Became more distracted. B．Gained better concentration. C．Grew more independent. D．Developed stronger opinions. 4．What does the final paragraph emphasize about Farr’s approach? A．Its scientific basis. B．Its implementation costs. C．Its popularity with parents. D．Its academic achievements. Passage 1 （25-26高三上·四川成都·期中）In late September 2025, Chinese internet celebrity Hu Chenfeng’s accounts across major social platforms — including Weibo, Douyin, and Bilibili — were permanently banned. Users could no longer find his profiles through searches, and his account pages showed grayed-out avatars, cleared follower counts, or simply disappeared entirely. Prior to this full ban, his accounts had already faced partial restrictions, with Weibo citing violations of relevant laws, regulations, and the platform’s community guidelines, while Douyin imposed a speech ban for breaching platform policies. The root cause of the ban lies in Hu’s repeated dissemination of divisive remarks that pitted different groups against each other. As sorted out by Zhejiang Propaganda, Hu initiated a controversial narrative during his live streams, categorizing people into “Apple users” and “Android users” based on their choice of mobile phone. This simplistic dichotomy quickly escalated into a widespread online trend, with Hu and other copycat content creators attaching derogatory labels: “Apple users” were glorified as symbols of success, elegance, and elite status, while “Android users” were unfairly stigmatized as inferior, low-income, and low-status. The division did not stop at mobile phones; Hu extended this flawed logic to other aspects of life, drawing arbitrary links between one’s choice of consumer goods and personal worth — including housing, cars, education, and even social status. Behind this divisive rhetoric was a clear commercial motive: by stirring up emotional conflicts and selling anxiety, Hu sought to attract attention, boost traffic, and ultimately monetize his popularity. Such content, however, had harmful social consequences. Zhejiang Propaganda criticized the practice as a dangerous distortion of values, arguing that reducing human worth to material possessions like mobile phones turns humanity into a commodity priced by online traffic. It also warned that if such labeling is allowed to spread, every daily choice-from which food delivery to order to which sneakers to wear — could fragment society into hostile groups, eroding the foundation of rational public discourse. The ban on Hu’s accounts aligns with a broader national campaign launched by China’s Cyberspace Administration on September 22, 2025. Titled “Clean Network Rectify Malicious Incitement of Negative Emotions”, the two-month special operation targets content that deliberately stirs up antagonism, promotes violence, or spreads hostility online. Zhejiang Propaganda emphasized that addressing such cognitive distortions requires platforms to take full responsibility — they must not allow divisive content to become a reliance for gaining traffic and profits. Only by making those who incite division unprofitable and powerless can content creation return to rationality and sincerity, safeguarding a clean, orderly online space. Beyond the immediate ban, the incident reflects deeper societal issues. Scholars note that young netizens, while eager to engage with public issues and sympathetic to the struggles of ordinary people, can easily be swayed by extreme, black-and-white logic due to limited life experience and the influence of algorithms. Hu himself, in his twenties, once gained popularity for videos showing him helping disadvantaged groups like migrant workers, which resonated with young audiences. Yet his shift toward divisive content highlights how even well-meaning individuals can be trapped by the pursuit of traffic, sliding from sincere expression to emotional incitement. For society, the incident serves as a crucial reminder: fostering a healthy online environment requires collective effort. Platforms must strengthen content moderation instead of prioritizing traffic over social responsibility. Mainstream voices should engage in direct, respectful dialogue with young people, acknowledging their concerns rather than dismissing their views as trivial. In the long run, building a more inclusive public discourse — where diverse perspectives are heard without hostility — will help curb the spread of divisive content and guide young people toward more rational, empathetic ways of engaging with the world. 1．What is the direct reason for Hu Chenfeng’s full account ban? A．His early videos helping migrant workers were deemed inauthentic. B．He violated platform guidelines by monetizing his social media accounts. C．He repeatedly spread divisive remarks that incited group antagonism. D．He copied content from other creators without permission. 2．Which of the following best describes the nature of Hu Chenfeng’s controversial narrative? A．It objectively reflected social inequalities through consumer behavior. B．It used material symbols to arbitrarily judge personal worth. C．It promoted rational discussion about the pros and cons of different products. D．It advocated for equal rights for users of different electronic devices. 3．What can be inferred about the “Clean Network” campaign mentioned in the passage? A．It was specifically launched to ban Hu Chenfeng’s accounts B．It aims to eliminate all forms of emotional content online. C．It is a long-term initiative targeting various online misconducts D．It emphasizes platform responsibility in curbing divisive content. 4．What does the passage imply about young netizens in the context of online discourse? A．They are inherently hostile and prone to violent conflicts. B．Their limited life experience makes them vulnerable to extreme views. C．They are uninterested in serious public issues and only care about traffic. D．They deliberately spread divisive content to monetize their accounts. Passage 2 （25-26高三上·天津西青·阶段练习）“A lie is halfway around the world before the truth has got its boots on.” It’s a well-known saying. But a more accurate version would be: “A confidently told lie is halfway around the world before the truth has got its boots on.” Because basically, we humans are far more likely to accept and believe information delivered confidently. By a confident person, or by a source using confident language, etc. When two or more people are involved in a decision-making process where they know different things, confidently expressed arguments are perceived as delivering better information, which determines the decision. And as the modern world has shown us repeatedly, this regularly leads to undesirable outcomes. Why would this tendency come about? Well, humans are highly gregarious, and during our evolutionary (进化的) development, most of our information about the world came from other people. So, if ancient humans heard someone confidently declare “There’s a tiger coming”, instinctively (本能地) believing them was a valuable survival skill. Confidently delivered information may be more persuasive, but that doesn’t mean it’s correct, even if the confident person genuinely believes it is. We’ve all met someone who confidently lectures others on how the world works, despite being wrong about literally everything. It’s the Dunning-Kruger effect, where people with low ability/experience/knowledge about something often significantly overestimate their abilities/ expertise regarding it. This is because the ability to recognize your intellectual limits requires sufficient intelligence. Lacking that, you won’t question your (limited) understanding, so you can mouth laughable nonsense with total confidence. We live in a highly interconnected, increasingly complex society, where countless people and worldviews end up overlapping (重叠) constantly. So, someone who is objectively, unquestionably wrong, but still unshakably confident can end up convincing many others that they’re right. Left unchecked, it can end up with individuals with no abilities beyond unshakeable confidence being put in charge. And that won’t end well for anyone. 1．What tendency is presented about humans in the first two paragraphs? A．Hating bad results much. B．Believing lies too easily. C．Trusting confident statements. D．Lacking decision-making skills. 2．What does the underlined word “gregarious” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Sensitive. B．Competitive. C．Ignorant. D．Social. 3．Why do some people fall into the Dunning-Kruger effect? A．They aren’t wise enough. B．They are hard to persuade. C．They aren’t questioned by experts. D．They are afraid of admitting mistakes. 4．In what tone is the last paragraph written? A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Enthusiastic. D．Concerned. 5．Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the text? A．Confident people are always right. B．Confidence always leads to positive outcomes. C．Confidence can mislead people. D．Lies are easier to detect than truths. Passage 3 （25-26高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）Quick: what’s your best friend’s phone number? Don’t feel bad if you can’t answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you. “Prosthetic memory” (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones. Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way onto social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world — a camera — instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience. But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That’s just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we’re not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our “meat-computers” can’t: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost. 1．What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A．We rely more on tools to memorize. B．We are burdened with phone numbers. C．Technology damages our own memory. D．Technology distances us from our friends. 2．What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Improved. B．Compared. C．Outperformed. D．Undervalued. 3．What negative effect does online sharing bring about? A．Disconnection from nature. B．High cost of digital devices. C．Disregard for real experiences. D．Addiction to the virtual world. 4．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Stop sharing memories online. B．Take time to adapt to the digital age. C．Make efforts to enhance memory. D．Strike a balance between life and work. 3 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文和新闻报道） 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 哲理感悟,计划,议论文 2 适中 学校生活,科学技术 ,议论文 3 适中 发明与创造 ,环境保护,新闻报道 4 适中 环境保护,新闻报道 5 适中 食物与饮料 ,发明与创造 ,新闻报道 6 适中 方法/策略,哲理感悟,议论文 7 适中 学习,课程,新闻报道 8 较难 社会问题与社会现象,新闻报道 9 较难 社会问题与社会现象,议论文 10 较难 信息技术 ,社会问题与社会现象,议论文 Passage 1 （2024高二·湖北·学业考试）Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 1．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 2．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了保持日程安排的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere.”（如果你不决定如何度过你的时间，你可能会拖延，分心，一事无成）可推知，没有计划，你可能会一事无成，即无法实现你想要的目标。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you.”（你可以为你的工作、休息、学习、健康等设定时间界限。这样你就能自由地做对你重要的事情）可知，如果你为你的时间设定界限，你就能获得更多的自由。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠，可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise.”（你可以通过坚持一个设定的时间表来证明你的可靠性，遵循它可以帮助你记住你已经同意做的事情。你也可以在做出新的承诺之前检查你的时间表，以避免冲突）可推知，计划可以避免冲突，确保你履行承诺，即帮助你维护你的信用。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success.”（在生活中遵循计划是你成功的关键因素）和上下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了保持计划的好处，包括帮助你安排时间、增加自由、提高效率、保护信誉和实现目标等。因此，最适合的标题是“The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule”（保持计划的好处）。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2023·广东·学业考试）Mr Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code (二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (使产生)the codes, and in the end everything gets easier, ” said Guo. “When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat (微信). Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work everywhere using my computer or telephone. ” The QR codes can be sent to Mr Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans (扫描) his students’ QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative (创新的), with many pictures, music and even videos. Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. “We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun,” said Tingting, a student of Guo’s. “The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share,” Guo said. “It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I don’t want my students to fall behind the times.” However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. But in fact, it’s unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the students’ work at any time. And it’s also an easy way to share homework with other students. 1．According to the passage, students can keep their homework on 　　　　. A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客) 2．Guo’s students think the new way is 　　　　. A．strange B．boring C．interesting D．unnecessary 3．What does “It” in paragraph 4 refer to(指代)? A．The paper is not easy to keep. B．Keeping and sharing the code easily. C．Trying to use new technology in education. D．Education itself is a kind of creation. 4．Some parents are worried, because they think their children will 　　　　. A．talk with teachers face to face B．spend too much time on computers or phones C．not like the new way of handing in homework D．find the QR codes too difficult to use 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Teachers needn’t check homework any more. B．Students needn’t hand in homework any more. C．Using QR codes makes checking homework easier. D．Some parents are worried about their children. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者对于一位老师让学生用二维码的方式交作业，对此阐述了其优点及家长们的担忧。作者认为没必要担忧，学生只在交作业时使用手机或电脑，而老师们却可以很方便地随时随地看作业。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat (微信). Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. (当学生完成作业后，他们会把作业保存在微信上。然后，每个学生制作自己的二维码，并把它交给我。)”可知，学生的作业完成后可以保存在微信。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. (郭的学生们喜欢这种新方式，认为它很有趣。)”可知，郭老师的学生认为这种交作业的方法很有趣。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。根据分析it所在句子结构“It is worth trying to use new technology in education.”可知，此处是固定搭配：it is worth doing sth.意为“做某事是值得的”，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后文的动名词，所以it代指trying to use new technology in education。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. (然而，一些家长却很担心。他们担心他们的孩子会花太多时间在电脑上，而较少时间与老师交流。)”可知，家长担心这样做会使孩子在电脑上花费时间过多。故选B项。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mr Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code (二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (使产生)the codes, and in the end everything gets easier, ” said Guo. (郭先生是一位来自西安的老师。他要求学生通过二维码上交作业。他说：‘我们在课堂上花了一两个小时学习如何生成代码，最后一切都变得容易了。’)”及最后一段“They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the students’ work at any time. (他们只在交作业时使用代码，这不会占用他们太多时间。对于老师来说，这样也可以让他们随时检查学生的作业。)”可知，本文主要介绍一位老师创新的交作业方法，这样老师们检查作业很方便。由此可知，C项内容概括文章大意。故选C项。 Passage 3 （2024·北京·学业考试）Many studies have shown that drinking plenty of water a day is good for our health. People are paying careful attention to that advice, and millions of people choose to buy bottled water to drink. Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down. For the last several years, three designers from Imperial College in London, England, have been working to address the problem of plastic bottles. The team’s goal is to “make packaging waste disappear”. To achieve that goal, these designers have developed a unique product called Ooho. Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed! Ooho’s skin is made from seaweed (海草). It is nearly tasteless and easy for the body to take in. If people would rather not eat it, however, the skin can be thrown away. In less than a month, it will break down completely. The skin is very affordable to make. First, a ball of water is frozen in a special chemical solution (化学溶液). Next, it is put in a solution made of brown seaweed. Each bubble costs less than two cents to make. It is, therefore, a far cheaper replacement for plastic bottles. The three designers have been figuring out the flaws and searching for possible solutions. For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking. To find out if people are interested in Ooho, the designers have plans in place to hand out their bubbles next year at sporting events like marathons, as well as at entertainment sites. If Ooho becomes popular, people across the country may soon find themselves eating their water instead of drinking it! 1．The author writes the first paragraph to ________. A．answer a question B．express an opinion C．present a problem D．provide an example 2．What is Ooho? A．A protective skin. B．Bubbled water. C．A chemical solution. D．Plastic material. 3．What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Functions. B．Wonders. C．Purposes. D．Weaknesses. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Water That You Can Eat B．Ways to Produce Plastic Bottles C．Waste That Pollutes Our Planet D．Bubbles to Improve Our Health 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, many of these plastic water bottles are being thrown away. It can take centuries for these bottles to break down.(不幸的是，许多塑料水瓶都被扔掉了。这些瓶子可能需要几个世纪才能分解)”可推知，作者写第一段是为了呈现一个问题，即塑料要很长时间才能分解。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf-ball-sized bubble (泡泡).(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里)”可知，Ooho是泡泡里的水。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“For example, the Ooho is great if someone just wants a single mouthful of water. But what if the person is especially thirsty and wants more? They are exploring the idea of making bigger bubbles and also searching for a way to connect several bubbles together. Another problem with the product has been how to transport it in packaging that is safe for the environment but still protects the bubbles from breaking.(例如，如果有人只想要一口水，Ooho就很棒。但如果这个人特别渴，想要更多呢？他们正在探索制造更大气泡的想法，同时也在寻找一种将几个气泡连接在一起的方法。该产品的另一个问题是如何用对环境安全的包装运输，同时仍能保护气泡不破裂)”可知，这三个设计师一直都在找出这个产品的缺点，并寻找解决办法。由此可知，划线词flaws的意思是“缺点”，和weaknesses意思相近。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Believe it or not, the Ooho is several small mouthfuls of water wrapped in a golf- ball- sized bubble (泡泡). You can make a hole in its skin and drink the water out of it. You can also throw the entire bubble in your mouth — no bottle needed!(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里。你可以在它的皮肤上打一个洞，然后喝里面的水。你也可以把整个泡泡扔进嘴里——不需要瓶子！)”可知，本文主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。由此可知，最好的题目是A选项“Water That You Can Eat(你可以吃的水)”。故选A。 Passage 4 （2024高二·湖北·学业考试）UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved. Delegates (代表) say they are pleased that the rule book for the Paris Climate Agreement is finally coming together. But these technical discussions took place against the background of a larger battle about coal, oil and gas. It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels. This meeting, known as COP23, was tasked with clarifying complex operational issues around the workings (工作方式，运动方式) of the Paris Climate Agreement. One of the most important elements was the development of a process that would help countries to review and increase their promises to cut carbon. Fiji, holding the presidency of this meeting, proposed what’s being called the Talanoa Dialogue. Over the next year, a series of discussions will take place to help countries look at the promises they have made under the Paris Pact (巴黎协定). “A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute. “In Poland, ministers say they will increase their actions, so that we end up with national plans that will be a much more ambitious set of climate actions.” Threatening over these discussions in Bonn was the question of coal, oil and gas. US coal and nuclear companies organised a presentation here arguing that fossil fuels should be a key part of the solution to rising temperatures. 1．Where was the meeting held this year? A．In Bonn. B．In Poland. C．In Paris. 2．What should be discussed in Poland next year? A．Technical problems. B．Cutting down fossil fuels. C．The Paris Climate Agreement. 3．What can we learn about the Talanoa Dialogue? A．It has been ignored in Poland. B．Ministers was against the dialogue. C．Yamide Dagnet supports the dialogue. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．An announcement. B．A news report. C．A show review. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了在波恩举办的联合国气候会谈。虽然取得了一定进步，但是对于减少碳排放量的问题还没有解决。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues,(今年在波恩举行的联合国气候谈判在技术问题上取得了进展)”可知，今年的会议是在波恩召开的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It means that next year’s conference in Poland is set for a major showdown (最后的决战) on the future of fossil fuels.(这意味着明年在波兰举行的会议将对化石燃料的未来进行一场最后的决战)”可知，在明年波兰的会议上会讨论削减化石燃料的使用量。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中““A key part in Poland is this Talanoa Dialogue, to make sure it doesn’t result in just a talk show,” said Yamide Dagnet with the World Resources Institute.(世界资源研究所的Yamide Dagnet说：“波兰的一个关键部分是塔拉诺阿对话，以确保它不会只是一个脱口秀。”)”可推知，Yamide Dagnet对塔拉诺阿对话的态度是支持的。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“UN climate talks this year in Bonn have concluded with progress on technical issues, but with bigger questions about cutting carbon emissions (碳排放量) unresolved.(今年在波恩举行的联合国气候谈判在技术问题上取得了进展，但关于减少碳排放量的更大问题尚未解决)”以及文章内容可知，文章开头介绍了联合国在波恩召开的气候变化大会，下文就此展开。因此，本文最可能来自新闻报道。故选B项。 Passage 5 （2024高二·北京·学业考试）In late June, two companies were given permits to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. The companies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer. Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells that are grow n in a lab. The process is called “cell-based” or “cultured” meat. The process of creating lab-grown meat is completely different from the normal meat raising process. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour. The first cells come from live animals. Then the cells are grown inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold. The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change. There are many companies these days that focus on making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. Polls (民意调查) have shown that many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that “it just sounds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.” But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. It will probably be a long time before you’re able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores. 1．To produce lab-grown meat, the companies should________. A．study how to feed live animals. B．decide where to store meat products. C．add different flavours to sheets of meat. D．select cells suitable for producing meat. 2．As for producing lab-grown meat, Paragraph 4 is mainly about its________. A．future. B．advantage. C．techniques. D．process. 3．What is Russel Phillips’ attitude toward lab-grown meat? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 4．The lab-grown meat still has a problem with its________. A．quality. B．safety. C．price. D．taste. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。6月下旬，两家公司获准销售实验室培育的鸡肉。这些公司表示，今年夏天他们将在餐厅供应这种肉。文章介绍了这种人造肉的一些优点和人们对此的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, experts choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good flavour.(科学家们很早就知道如何让活细胞存活并在实验室中培养它们。在这种情况下，专家们会选择生长速度快、味道好的细胞)”可知，为了生产实验室培育的肉，这些公司应该选择适合生产肉的细胞。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The companies say that their meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses huge amounts of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Raising animals for food create s about 15% of the world’s greenhouse gases. That’s why cutting back on eating meat is one of the easiest ways to fight climate change.(这些公司表示，他们的肉比动物肉更环保。饲养动物作为食物需要消耗大量的土地和水。它也造成了很多污染。饲养动物作为食物产生了世界上15%的温室气体。这就是为什么减少吃肉是对抗气候变化最简单的方法之一)”可知，第4段主要是关于生产实验室培养的肉的优势。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But Russel Phillips, a biologist, suggests people give it a try. He says that once people try the meat, they will be amazed. The common response must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.”(但生物学家罗素·菲利普斯建议人们试一试。他说，一旦人们尝过这种肉，他们会大吃一惊。通常的反应肯定是，“哦，它尝起来像鸡肉。”)”可知，罗素·菲利普斯对实验室培育的肉持支持态度。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But right now, the meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply.(但现在，这些肉比动物肉贵得多。既然这些公司已经获得批准，他们面临的巨大挑战是如何以更低的成本生产更多的肉)”可知，这种实验室培育的肉仍然存在价格问题。故选C。 Passage 6 （25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it. These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 1．What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? A．Tolerant. B．Approving. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 2．Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A．They lack debating skills. B．They may feel upset even though they win. C．They fear being neglected. D．They don’t have faith in themselves. 3．What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Explain. B．Defend. C．Conclude. D．Fuel. 4．What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A．Strengthening sense of logic. B．Gathering solid supporting evidence. C．Seeing things from both sides’ perspectives. D．Practicing proper manners. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要探讨了人们对争论的错误认知，指出避免争论的观点存在问题，进而阐述了正确对待争论的方法以及“赢得”争论的关键。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. (这种对争论的厌恶很常见，但它基于对争论的错误看法，这给我们的个人和社会生活带来了问题——而且在很多方面，一开始就误解了争论的意义)”可知，作者对卡耐基对争论的理解持批判态度。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. (就像打架一样，言语上的争吵会让双方都流血。即使你赢了，最终也不会好到哪里去。如果争论只是像网球锦标赛这样的比赛，你也会感觉几乎一样糟糕)”可知，许多人试图避免争论是因为即使赢了也会感觉不好。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. (当你和持立场的人交谈时，让他们给你一个他们观点的理由，并把他们的论点完整地____。评估其优缺点)”可知，spell out出现在清晰的论证步骤中，其中的关键逻辑连接词and表明，“spell out their argument (_____他们的论点)”是“give you a reason (给你一个理由)”的递进与深化。  首先，“给出理由”是初步说明，而spell out则要求在此基础上，将论点的所有细节、逻辑和前提都清晰、完整、有条理地阐述出来，这样才能为下一步“评估其优缺点”提供充分依据，因此spell out意为“解释”。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. (如果我们重新调整对争论的看法——从一场口舌之争或网球比赛转变为理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能相互理解——那么我们就改变了“赢得”争论的本质)”可知，作者认为赢得争论的关键是从双方视角看问题。故选C项。 Passage 7 （25-26高二上·河北保定·期中）When Tina Farr visits the year 2 classroom at her Oxford primary school, she can feel the change in atmosphere since play was put firmly back on the curriculum (课程). “The children come running up with things they have made. There is always a shop on the go so they will be pricing up something or finding change,” the headteacher says. Play-based learning — letting children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided activities — usually stops when they attend primary school. Lessons then become desk-based, focused on reading and writing. Farr had long championed the value of play, working hard to bring it into break time. “Teachers would recognize what we do and it doesn’t take any more planning than the standard approach.” With play-based learning in place for her year 1 and 2 children, Farr then looked at where else she could change any practices that weren’t working. “If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child development, why are we doing it?” The school’s year 5 children — aged nine and 10 — were struggling to sit still in a tight space so she removed all the furniture. “The impact was immediate and impressive. Children now choose where and how to learn. A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged.” A teacher noted: “Their self-regulation has improved greatly. They settle down to work much more readily.” Farr believes the outdated system needs urgent change. “We have neuroscience (神经科学) that shows us children learn through play.” In June the school sailed through its OFSTED inspection. “The inspector really understood our play-based learning.” Farr’s message is that her approach can be rolled out. “It’s blown my mind how engaged the children are. It’s phenomenal (了不起的),” she says. 1．Which of the following best describes “play-based learning”? A．Children following clear instructions to complete art projects. B．Children creating their own games and exploring personal interests. C．Children completing academic worksheets at their desks. D．Children memorizing facts through repetitive classroom drills. 2．Why did Farr implement play-based learning? A．To reduce teaching preparation time. B．To improve exam performance. C．To support child development. D．To attract media attention. 3．How did the fifth graders respond to the new classroom arrangement? A．Became more distracted. B．Gained better concentration. C．Grew more independent. D．Developed stronger opinions. 4．What does the final paragraph emphasize about Farr’s approach? A．Its scientific basis. B．Its implementation costs. C．Its popularity with parents. D．Its academic achievements. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了校长Tina Farr在学校推行游戏化学习的创新做法及其积极成效。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Play-based learning — letting children move around, make up games and explore within loosely guided activities(以游戏为基础的学习——让孩子们四处走动，在松散的指导下进行游戏和探索)”可知，游戏化学习，让孩子们在宽松的引导活动中自由活动、编游戏和探索。选项B中的“creating their own games”直接对应原文中的“make up games”，而“exploring personal interests”精准概括了“explore within loosely guided activities”的本质，完美抓住了自主创造和自由探索的两个核心要素。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“If a practice isn’t in line with healthy child development, why are we doing it?(如果一种做法不符合儿童的健康发展，我们为什么要这么做？)”可推知，Farr的主要目的是支持儿童健康发展。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The impact was immediate and impressive. Children now choose where and how to learn. A class once struggling with attention is now calm and engaged.(其影响立竿见影，令人印象深刻。孩子们现在可以选择在哪里和如何学习。一个曾经难以集中注意力的班级现在变得平静而投入)”和“Their self-regulation has improved greatly. They settle down to work much more readily.(他们的自我调节能力大大提高。他们更容易坐下来工作)”可知，学生们在新教室布置下，注意力得到了改善，能够更平静地投入学习，自我调节能力也大大提高，能更迅速地静下心来学习。这说明学生们注意力更集中了。故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“We have neuroscience (神经科学) that shows us children learn through play.(神经科学告诉我们孩子是通过玩耍来学习的)”以及“The inspector really understood our play-based learning.(检查员非常理解我们以游戏为基础的学习)”，强调了有神经科学证明孩子们通过游戏学习，并且检查员也理解了这种基于游戏的学习方式。这突出了Farr的方法有科学依据。故选A。 Passage 1 （25-26高三上·四川成都·期中）In late September 2025, Chinese internet celebrity Hu Chenfeng’s accounts across major social platforms — including Weibo, Douyin, and Bilibili — were permanently banned. Users could no longer find his profiles through searches, and his account pages showed grayed-out avatars, cleared follower counts, or simply disappeared entirely. Prior to this full ban, his accounts had already faced partial restrictions, with Weibo citing violations of relevant laws, regulations, and the platform’s community guidelines, while Douyin imposed a speech ban for breaching platform policies. The root cause of the ban lies in Hu’s repeated dissemination of divisive remarks that pitted different groups against each other. As sorted out by Zhejiang Propaganda, Hu initiated a controversial narrative during his live streams, categorizing people into “Apple users” and “Android users” based on their choice of mobile phone. This simplistic dichotomy quickly escalated into a widespread online trend, with Hu and other copycat content creators attaching derogatory labels: “Apple users” were glorified as symbols of success, elegance, and elite status, while “Android users” were unfairly stigmatized as inferior, low-income, and low-status. The division did not stop at mobile phones; Hu extended this flawed logic to other aspects of life, drawing arbitrary links between one’s choice of consumer goods and personal worth — including housing, cars, education, and even social status. Behind this divisive rhetoric was a clear commercial motive: by stirring up emotional conflicts and selling anxiety, Hu sought to attract attention, boost traffic, and ultimately monetize his popularity. Such content, however, had harmful social consequences. Zhejiang Propaganda criticized the practice as a dangerous distortion of values, arguing that reducing human worth to material possessions like mobile phones turns humanity into a commodity priced by online traffic. It also warned that if such labeling is allowed to spread, every daily choice-from which food delivery to order to which sneakers to wear — could fragment society into hostile groups, eroding the foundation of rational public discourse. The ban on Hu’s accounts aligns with a broader national campaign launched by China’s Cyberspace Administration on September 22, 2025. Titled “Clean Network Rectify Malicious Incitement of Negative Emotions”, the two-month special operation targets content that deliberately stirs up antagonism, promotes violence, or spreads hostility online. Zhejiang Propaganda emphasized that addressing such cognitive distortions requires platforms to take full responsibility — they must not allow divisive content to become a reliance for gaining traffic and profits. Only by making those who incite division unprofitable and powerless can content creation return to rationality and sincerity, safeguarding a clean, orderly online space. Beyond the immediate ban, the incident reflects deeper societal issues. Scholars note that young netizens, while eager to engage with public issues and sympathetic to the struggles of ordinary people, can easily be swayed by extreme, black-and-white logic due to limited life experience and the influence of algorithms. Hu himself, in his twenties, once gained popularity for videos showing him helping disadvantaged groups like migrant workers, which resonated with young audiences. Yet his shift toward divisive content highlights how even well-meaning individuals can be trapped by the pursuit of traffic, sliding from sincere expression to emotional incitement. For society, the incident serves as a crucial reminder: fostering a healthy online environment requires collective effort. Platforms must strengthen content moderation instead of prioritizing traffic over social responsibility. Mainstream voices should engage in direct, respectful dialogue with young people, acknowledging their concerns rather than dismissing their views as trivial. In the long run, building a more inclusive public discourse — where diverse perspectives are heard without hostility — will help curb the spread of divisive content and guide young people toward more rational, empathetic ways of engaging with the world. 1．What is the direct reason for Hu Chenfeng’s full account ban? A．His early videos helping migrant workers were deemed inauthentic. B．He violated platform guidelines by monetizing his social media accounts. C．He repeatedly spread divisive remarks that incited group antagonism. D．He copied content from other creators without permission. 2．Which of the following best describes the nature of Hu Chenfeng’s controversial narrative? A．It objectively reflected social inequalities through consumer behavior. B．It used material symbols to arbitrarily judge personal worth. C．It promoted rational discussion about the pros and cons of different products. D．It advocated for equal rights for users of different electronic devices. 3．What can be inferred about the “Clean Network” campaign mentioned in the passage? A．It was specifically launched to ban Hu Chenfeng’s accounts B．It aims to eliminate all forms of emotional content online. C．It is a long-term initiative targeting various online misconducts D．It emphasizes platform responsibility in curbing divisive content. 4．What does the passage imply about young netizens in the context of online discourse? A．They are inherently hostile and prone to violent conflicts. B．Their limited life experience makes them vulnerable to extreme views. C．They are uninterested in serious public issues and only care about traffic. D．They deliberately spread divisive content to monetize their accounts. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了网红胡晨风因反复传播分裂言论引发不良社会影响，被多平台永久封禁，此事件也关联到“净网”专项行动及年轻网民认知特点等议题。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The root cause of the ban lies in Hu’s repeated dissemination of divisive remarks that pitted different groups against each other.(封禁的根本原因在于胡反复传播分裂言论，挑起不同群体之间的对立。)”可知，胡晨风账号被全面封禁的直接原因是他反复传播煽动群体对立的分裂言论。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“As sorted out by Zhejiang Propaganda, Hu initiated a controversial narrative during his live streams, categorizing people into “Apple users” and “Android users” based on their choice of mobile phone. This simplistic dichotomy quickly escalated into a widespread online trend, with Hu and other copycat content creators attaching derogatory labels: “Apple users” were glorified as symbols of success, elegance, and elite status, while “Android users” were unfairly stigmatized as inferior, low-income, and low-status. The division did not stop at mobile phones; Hu extended this flawed logic to other aspects of life, drawing arbitrary links between one’s choice of consumer goods and personal worth — including housing, cars, education, and even social status.(根据浙江宣传部的整理，胡在直播中发起了一个有争议的叙事，根据人们选择的手机将人们分为“苹果用户”和“安卓用户”。这种简单的二分法很快升级为一种普遍的网络趋势，胡和其他模仿的内容创作者贴上了贬损的标签：“苹果用户”被美化为成功、优雅和精英地位的象征，而“安卓用户”则被不公平地污名为劣等、低收入和低地位。这种分裂并没有止步于手机；胡将这种有缺陷的逻辑扩展到生活的其他方面，将一个人对消费品的选择与个人价值——包括住房、汽车、教育，甚至社会地位——随意联系起来。)”可知，他的争议性言论本质是用物质符号随意判断个人价值。 故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Zhejiang Propaganda emphasized that addressing such cognitive distortions requires platforms to take full responsibility — they must not allow divisive content to become a reliance for gaining traffic and profits. (浙江宣传部强调，解决这种认知扭曲需要平台承担全部责任——它们不能让分裂性内容成为获取流量和利润的依赖。)”可推断，“净网”行动强调了平台在遏制分裂性内容方面的责任。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Scholars note that young netizens, while eager to engage with public issues and sympathetic to the struggles of ordinary people, can easily be swayed by extreme, black-and-white logic due to limited life experience and the influence of algorithms.(学者们指出，年轻网民虽然渴望参与公共问题，同情普通人的困境，但由于生活经验有限和算法的影响，很容易被极端的、非黑即白的逻辑所左右。)”可知，年轻网民有限的生活经验使他们容易受到极端观点的影响。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高三上·天津西青·阶段练习）“A lie is halfway around the world before the truth has got its boots on.” It’s a well-known saying. But a more accurate version would be: “A confidently told lie is halfway around the world before the truth has got its boots on.” Because basically, we humans are far more likely to accept and believe information delivered confidently. By a confident person, or by a source using confident language, etc. When two or more people are involved in a decision-making process where they know different things, confidently expressed arguments are perceived as delivering better information, which determines the decision. And as the modern world has shown us repeatedly, this regularly leads to undesirable outcomes. Why would this tendency come about? Well, humans are highly gregarious, and during our evolutionary (进化的) development, most of our information about the world came from other people. So, if ancient humans heard someone confidently declare “There’s a tiger coming”, instinctively (本能地) believing them was a valuable survival skill. Confidently delivered information may be more persuasive, but that doesn’t mean it’s correct, even if the confident person genuinely believes it is. We’ve all met someone who confidently lectures others on how the world works, despite being wrong about literally everything. It’s the Dunning-Kruger effect, where people with low ability/experience/knowledge about something often significantly overestimate their abilities/ expertise regarding it. This is because the ability to recognize your intellectual limits requires sufficient intelligence. Lacking that, you won’t question your (limited) understanding, so you can mouth laughable nonsense with total confidence. We live in a highly interconnected, increasingly complex society, where countless people and worldviews end up overlapping (重叠) constantly. So, someone who is objectively, unquestionably wrong, but still unshakably confident can end up convincing many others that they’re right. Left unchecked, it can end up with individuals with no abilities beyond unshakeable confidence being put in charge. And that won’t end well for anyone. 1．What tendency is presented about humans in the first two paragraphs? A．Hating bad results much. B．Believing lies too easily. C．Trusting confident statements. D．Lacking decision-making skills. 2．What does the underlined word “gregarious” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Sensitive. B．Competitive. C．Ignorant. D．Social. 3．Why do some people fall into the Dunning-Kruger effect? A．They aren’t wise enough. B．They are hard to persuade. C．They aren’t questioned by experts. D．They are afraid of admitting mistakes. 4．In what tone is the last paragraph written? A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Enthusiastic. D．Concerned. 5．Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the text? A．Confident people are always right. B．Confidence always leads to positive outcomes. C．Confidence can mislead people. D．Lies are easier to detect than truths. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们更易相信自信表达的信息这一倾向，分析其源于人类进化中的生存需求，指出自信信息未必正确，并警示该倾向若不受控可能带来不良后果。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Because basically, we humans are far more likely to accept and believe information delivered confidently. By a confident person, or by a source using confident language, etc.(因为从本质上讲，人类更容易接受和相信那些自信传递的信息——无论是来自自信的人，还是使用笃定语气的信息源等等。)”以及第二段“When two or more people are involved in a decision-making process where they know different things, confidently expressed arguments are perceived as delivering better information, which determines the decision.(当两人或多人共同参与决策，且各自掌握的信息不同时，人们会认为表达自信的观点传递的信息更有价值，而这会直接决定最终决策。)”可知，前两段提出的人类倾向是更容易相信以自信方式传递的信息。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。划线词所在句“Well, humans are highly gregarious, and during our evolutionary (进化的) development, most of our information about the world came from other people.(首先，人类是高度gregarious生物。在漫长的进化过程中，我们对世界的认知大多来自他人。)”中划线词下文“人类对世界的认知大多来自他人”是对“gregarious”的解释，即依赖他人、需要与他人互动，由此可推断该词意为“群居的、社交的”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“This is because the ability to recognize your intellectual limits requires sufficient intelligence. Lacking that, you won’t question your (limited) understanding, so you can mouth laughable nonsense with total confidence.(这是因为认识到自己智力极限的能力需要足够的智力。如果没有这些，你就不会质疑自己（有限的）理解能力，所以你可以充满信心地说一些可笑的废话。)”可知，邓宁-克鲁格效应的成因是认清自身认知局限需要足够的智力，而这类人缺乏这种智力，无法质疑自己的认知；由此可知，一些人陷入达克效应是因为他们不够聪明，无法认知自身缺陷。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Left unchecked, it can end up with individuals with no abilities beyond unshakeable confidence being put in charge. And that won’t end well for anyone.(若对这种倾向不加约束，最终可能出现仅凭极度自信却毫无实际能力的人掌权的局面。而这样的结果，对任何人都不会是好事。)”可知，作者指出若不约束相信自信言论的倾向，可能导致无能力却极度自信的人掌权，并明确表示这对任何人都不是好事，语气中充满对该后果的担忧。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Confidently delivered information may be more persuasive, but that doesn’t mean it’s correct, even if the confident person genuinely believes it is.(自信地传递信息可能更有说服力，但这并不意味着它是正确的，即使自信的人真的相信它是正确的。)”以及第六段“So, someone who is objectively, unquestionably wrong, but still unshakably confident can end up convincing many others that they’re right.(所以，一个客观上毫无疑问是错的，但仍然自信满满的人，最终会让很多人相信他们是对的。)”可知，自信传递的信息未必正确，甚至可能让他人相信错误的观点，即自信可能误导人。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）Quick: what’s your best friend’s phone number? Don’t feel bad if you can’t answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you. “Prosthetic memory” (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones. Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way onto social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world — a camera — instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience. But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That’s just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we’re not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our “meat-computers” can’t: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost. 1．What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A．We rely more on tools to memorize. B．We are burdened with phone numbers. C．Technology damages our own memory. D．Technology distances us from our friends. 2．What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Improved. B．Compared. C．Outperformed. D．Undervalued. 3．What negative effect does online sharing bring about? A．Disconnection from nature. B．High cost of digital devices. C．Disregard for real experiences. D．Addiction to the virtual world. 4．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Stop sharing memories online. B．Take time to adapt to the digital age. C．Make efforts to enhance memory. D．Strike a balance between life and work. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍人们依赖手机等人工记忆工具，有人担忧社交媒体分享让人们忽视真实生活，但作者认为无需全盘否定，科技也能留存珍贵时刻。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.(你没有理由把电话号码记在记忆里：它就在你的手机里。或者你曾经有一个电话簿来存储它们。在任何一种情况下，一个物体为你做记忆。)”推知，我们更多地依赖工具进行记忆。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“No wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones. (因此，从图书馆到智能手机，我们越来越依赖人工记忆也就不足为奇了)”可知，我们越来越依靠人工记忆，其原因是我们大脑的储存能力已经被超越，人工记忆可以记得更多。由此猜测，划线词eclipsed意为“超越”的意思，与outperformed同义。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them.(当我们致力于以这种方式捕捉和分享世界时，我们失去了一些极其宝贵的东西；当我们记录了这么多我们的生活，我们忘记了真正的生活)”可知，网上分享带来的负面影响是对真实体验的忽视。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old.(但是，我们的社交媒体驱动的转型完全是坏事吗？如果我们仍然在创造和分享这样的记忆，也许这是因为我们没有足够的时间去学习如何在不思考我们在做什么的情况下做这些事情。人们很容易忽视，大众社交媒体时代只有不到10年的历史)”可知，大规模社交媒体时代时间不算太久，且人们还没有做到自然而然地去创造和分享回忆。由此推知，作者建议人们花时间去适应数字时代。故选B。 3 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $