Unit3 Sports and Fitness单元知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

该高中英语Unit 3知识清单系统梳理了运动主题相关内容，涵盖词形转换、词汇拓展及课内重点单词短语三大知识范畴，搭建了从基础词性转换到词汇深度应用再到课本内容巩固的递进式学习支架。 清单通过词形转换分类标注、词汇拓展结合搭配例句与构词规律（如fit加-ness变fitness的名词转换）呈现知识体系，突出语言能力培养。设计“work out”多义辨析例句（如“锻炼”“解决”等用法）、“come along”短语拓展表等实用模块，助力思维品质提升，不同基础学生可高效掌握。教师可据此设计分层教学，学生能自主梳理知识，提升学习效率。

Unit 3 伴读笔记 Quote（引语/文）: All sports for all people. --Pierre de Coubertin 全民运动，人人参与--皮埃尔 德 顾拜旦 一．词形转换 1.fit adj.健康的，适合的→fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→ unfit adj. 不适合的2.host v.主办；主持　n．主人；东道主→hostess n．女主人；女主持人 3.athlete n.运动员；运动健儿→athletic adj. 健壮的 4.honor n. 荣誉，尊敬→honourable adj.高尚的，值得尊敬的 →honoured adj.感到荣幸的 5.glory n.荣誉；光荣；赞美→glorious adj.光荣的；壮丽的 6.champion n．冠军；优胜者→championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 7.determine v.决定；下决心→ determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→ determination n．决心；决定 8.injure v.使受伤；损害→ injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→ injury n．伤害；损伤 9.grace n.优雅；高雅→graceful adj.优美的；优雅的 10.strong adj.强壮的；坚强的→ strength n．力量；体力→ strengthen vt.加强；巩固 11.fail vi.失败→ failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物) 12.compete vi.竞争；对抗→ competition n．竞争；比赛→ competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争性的 → competitor n．竞争者 13.jog vi.;n.慢跑→jogging n.慢跑锻炼 14.stress n．压力；紧张；重音　v. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安→stressful adj.令人有压力的 →stressed adj.感到压力的 二、词汇拓展 1. fitness① n. 健康，健壮，适合health and fitness 卫生与健康 fitness for sth 适合（某事物） fit ① v. （形状和尺寸）适合，合身 ② adj. 健壮的；健康的; 适合的 keep fit 保持健康 be fit for sb/sth 适合的；恰当的； The food was not fit for human consumption. 这食物不适合人吃。 联想：形容词加后缀­ness变为名词： fit→fitness n．健康；健壮；适合 kind →kindness n．仁慈，好意 sick →sickness n．疾病 careless→carelessness n．粗心 happy →happiness 2. Come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 come about 发生 come across 偶然遇见；被理解； come up with 提出；想出； come out 开花；出版 come true 实现；成为现实； come to an end 结束 come into being (事物、局面等)产生;形成 come to/into power 执政，掌权 3. work out 1.The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 锻炼 2.Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem. 解决 3.The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width. 计算出 4.Everything worked out well . 进展顺利 5.Can you work out what these words mean? 弄清楚 6. Maybe we can work out an overtime schedule. 制定 4. make it 获得成功；准时到达 make up 形成， 组成，编造,和好 make up for 弥补 make up one’s mind 下定决心 make full use of 充分利用 make out 理解;辨认出 make one’s way (to) 前往 make a difference 有影响；有作用；有关系 5. honour n. 荣幸；荣誉；荣誉称号；尊敬；敬意；正义感；道义 vt. 使...感到荣幸；给与...荣誉；向...表达敬意；尊敬 (1) in honour of... 为了纪念……… it's one's honour to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事 feel it an honour to do sth. 感觉做某事很荣幸 consider it an honour 认为它是一种光荣 (2) honoured adj. 感到荣幸的 (3) be/feel honoured to do sth. 因为要做某事而感到荣幸 be honoured for 因……而受尊敬 be honoured as 被尊为…… It is a great honour for me to invite you to give an interview on the English program Talk and Talk in our school’s radio station. 我很荣幸邀请您参加我们学校广播电台的英语节目“Talk and Talk”的采访。 in+n. +of: in search of 寻找 in memory of 为了纪念 in favor of 支持；赞同 in terms of 就...而言；在...方面 in need/want of 想要 in charge of 掌管；负责 in possession of 拥有 in view of 鉴于；考虑到 6. determination n. 决心;决定 (1) with determination 坚决地 (2) determine v.决定;确定; determine on/upon 下定决心 determine (sb.) to do sth. (使某人)下定决心做某事 determine that.…./wh-.…. 确定…… (3) determined adj.坚决的;有决心的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 Only those who have enough courage and determination can overcome the difficulty they meet with。 7. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 fall behind 落在...后面；跟不上 fall asleep 入睡；睡着 fall down 倒塌；砍倒；跌倒 fall in love (with...) 爱上... 8. injure vt. 使受伤;损害 9. lose heart 丧失信心;泄气 In spite of the difficulties, they never lose heart。 10. strength n. 力量;体力;优点,长处;意志力量 The exercises are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles. 这些活动目的在于增强你的腹部肌肉。 【拓展】en加在部分名词后面构成动词，有“成为”、“使……变成”等含义， 如：long adj.→length n.长度→lengthen v(使)变长 high adj.→height n.高度→heighten v提高 wide adj.→width n.宽度→widen v(使)变宽 deep adj.→depth n.深度→deepen v(使)变深 11. give up戒除；放弃；投降 Jane’s energy had given out. Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree, weeping without control. 简的精力耗尽了。她的双脚沉重得像铅一样，她靠在一棵树旁，无法控制地哭泣。 12. compete vi. 比赛；竞争 competition n. 比赛 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 Informed that I won first prize in the writing competition, I could hardly contain my excitement. 得知我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖，我几乎无法抑制自己的激动之情。 Life is like a long race where we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves. 生命就像一场长跑比赛，在比赛中，我们与他人竞争，超越自己。 13. make sense讲得通；有意义；有道理；合乎情理 In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and your effort will pay off sooner or later. 14. cut out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 cut in 插嘴，打断讲话 cut across 抄近路穿过；横越 cut down 砍倒；缩减 cut off 切断；割掉；截断(退路等) cut up 切碎；伤心 15. pretend v. 假装；假扮；扮演 16. stress n. 压力；重音；紧张vt. 使焦虑不安；重读；强调vi. 焦虑不安 stressful adj. 压力大的 (指物) stressed adj. 焦虑的；紧张的 (指人) My parents always stress/lay stress on the importance of having optimistic attitudes to life and being together as one family. 我的父母总是强调拥有乐观的生活态度和一家人在一起的重要性。 三.课内重点单词短语以及句子. P36：on sale 出售 e-sport event 电子竞技项目 P37: Ski Race 滑雪比赛 Track Meet 田径运动会 track-and-field 田径 sweat your way to good health. 通过锻炼获得好身体 lose some weight 减肥 recommend doing sth 建议做某事 spin bike 动感单车 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 It’s up to you. 由你决定 P38 set good example for 为某人树立榜样 at home and abroad 在国内外 world champion 世界锦标赛 time seemed to stand still 时间似乎静止了 the secret to ….的秘诀 p40 Sports Day 运动会 It’s time for… 是….的时候了 right adv. 正好，恰好 p41 voice your opinion 发表你的意见 do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做某事 That’s not how I see it. 我不这么看 I see what you mean 我理解你的意思 fair play 公平比赛 p42 a wellness book 健康簿 go positive 变得积极 5:2 5：2饮食 go bananas 疯狂，发疯 I had no idea+从句 不知道。。。 push-ups 俯卧撑 now and then 有时 偶尔 be wrong with 有问题，有毛病 make a list of 列一张… 的清单 P44 play a role in 在…中起…作用 there is no use doing sth 做…没作用 see through 看透，识破 P45 Fit… interests and needs 满足某人的爱好和需求 do a survey 做调查 write up 写成 set up 建立 eight out of 15 8/15 one-on-one 一对一的 P46 Karsts 喀斯特地貌 Karsts are rock formations made of limestone 喀斯特是石灰岩形成的岩层 erosion 侵蚀，腐蚀 interact with 与…沟通交流 extreme sports 极限运动 It’s worthwhile to do/doing 做…是值得的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $