听力理解之短文（独白）（江苏扬州专用）-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语期末听力技巧强化与训练（多地区）

听力考试正式开始。People can find pairs in many places in the world. They have large bodies, thick legs, but short tails. Bears not only eat meat, they almost eat everything. Bears are not so dangerous as people think them to be. Bears are very brave. Many hunters were killed by bears when they wanted to kill bears. Bears a very good smile, but very poor eyesight. So they usually find something with their noses, not with their eyes. There's a clamor ra than most other animals because they can think of something. They can also walk only with their feet. They are our friends. We should try our best to protect them. People can find pairs in many places in the world. They have large bodies, thick legs, but short tails. Bears not only eat meat, they almost eat everything. Bears are not so dangerous as people think them to be. Bears are very brave. Many hunters were killed by bears when they wanted to kill bears. Bears a very good smile, but very poor eyesight. So they usually find something with their noses, not with their eyes. There's a cabrera than most other animals because they can think of something. They can also walk only with their feet. They are our friends. We should try our best to protect them. Listen to the next question. Everyone in our school love sports. Every morning. After getting to school, we do morning exercises. After the second class, we do some my exercises. We have PE lessons on tuesday and thursday, but we have sports at five every afternoon. Students like to play football more than valley ball, and students like to play basketball more than football. The boys enjoy playing IT in many of the girls like IT too. We have school teams in basketball, football and volleyball. Our teams often have matches with teams from other schools. We have a sports meeting twice a year. We also have a sport festival every year to enjoy some funny activities about sports. Everyone in our school love sports. Every morning after getting to school, we do mourning exercises. After the second class, we do so my exercises. We have PE lessons on tuesday and thursday, but we have sports at five every afternoon. Students like to play football more than volleyball, and students like to play basketball more than football. The boys . enjoy playing IT, and many of the girls like IT too. We have school teams in basketball, football and volleyball. Our teams often have matches with teams from other schools. We have a sports meeting twice a year. We also have a sports festival every year to enjoy some funny activities about sports. Listen to the next question. attention, please, boys and girls, this friday we will have the school open day. First, let me tell you the program for the open day, your parents should arrive at the east gate of the school, and the teachers will make them that at nine o'clock and at a quarter of past nine, we will lead them to visit the classroom. At ten o'clock, they will begin looking at our class projects in the hall. Teachers will be with your parents all the way so they can talk about your life at school. Lunch will begin at twelve o'clock in the dining hall. Your parents filled with us after the lunch break, that is, at one thirty. In the afternoon, they will visit the library and the new lab. At half past two, they will enjoy a wonderful show. That's the last activity of the open day. Now I am going to give you the invitations. Please take them home to your parents. Thank you attention. please. Boys and girls, this friday, we will have the school open day. First, let me tell you the program for the open day your parents should arrive at the east gate of the school, and the teachers will meet them there at nine o'clock, and at a quarter past nine, we will lead them to visit the classroom. At ten o'clock, they will begin looking projects in the teachers will be with your parents all the way so they can talk about to your life at school. Lunch will begin at twelve o o'clock in the dining hall, your parents wilt with us after the lunch break, that is at one thirty. In the afternoon, they will visit a library and the new lab at half past two, they will enjoy a wonderful show that the last activity of the open day. Now I am going to give you the invitations. Please take them home to your parents. Thank you. Listen to the next question. People are very busy these days, so they often order food online, but I think the food ordered online often has too much oil, salt or sugar. My family love home cooking. Mother cook delicious food for us every day. Although he is very busy, he often buys meat and vegetables online and then cook some when he gets home on weekdays. SHE prepares the next day's meals after supper. My father often helps her to prepare dinner for the next day and washes the dishes when they are busy preparing. My sister and I do our homework at weekends. We help our parents in the kitchen. We often talk with each other happily when we are helping with cooking. IT becomes the happiest time for my family. People are very busy these days, so they often ordered food online, but I think the food order online often has too much oil, salt or sugar. My family love home cooking. Mother cooks delicious food for us every day. Although he is very busy, he often buys meat and vegetable les online and then cook some when he gets home on weekdays. SHE prepares the next day's meals after supper. My father often helps her to prepare dinner for the next day and washes the dishes when they are busy preparing. My sister and I do our homework at weekends. We help our parents in the kitchen. We often talk with each other happily when we are helping with cooking. IT becomes the happiest time for my family. Listen to the next question. Hello everyone. I alex, recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. IT is quite interesting. IT says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also, I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in japan, IT is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to england, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I started eating. So just as the same goes when in rome do as the romans do, IT is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. Hello everyone, i'm alex. Recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. IT is quite interesting. IT says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also, I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in japan, IT is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to england, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I start eating. So just as the same goes when in rome do as the romans do, IT is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. 听力部分到此结束。 听力考试正式开始。Hello everyone, IM. alex. Recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. IT is quite interesting. IT says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also, I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in japan, IT is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to england, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I started reading. So just as the same goes when in rome do as the romans do, IT is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. Hello everyone, i'm alex. Recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. IT is quite interesting. IT says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also, I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in japan, IT is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to england, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I start eating. So just as the same goes when in rome do as the romans do, IT is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. Listen to the next question. I'm jane. My uncle has a farm. IT is near my home. My uncle grows rice and vegetables on the farm. There are many animals such as sheep, cows, chickens and ducks. My classmates and I often go to the farm. After school, we can play with the animals, walk, read books, or help my uncle to do some farm work there. We like walking or doing some reading on the farm because the other is nice and clean. You can see a lake on the left of the farm. There are many fish in the lake. We often go fishing on saturday and sunday. The lake is so clean that we swim in the lake in summer when the surface of the lake turns into ice. In winter, we skate on IT too. What we like most is that my uncle cooks his farm vegetables for us. They are fresh and tasty. I'm jane. My uncle has a farm. IT is near my home. My uncle grows rice and vegetables on the farm. There are many animals such as sheep, cows, chicken s and ducks. My classroom mates and I often go to the farm after school. We can play with the animals work, read books, or help my uncle to do some farm work there. We like walking or doing some reading on the farm because the air there is nice and clean. You can see a lake on the left of the farm. There are many fish in the lake. We often go fishing on saturdays and sundays. The lake is so clean that we swim in the lake in summer when the surface of the lake turns into ice. In winter, we skate on IT too. What we like most is that my uncle cooks his farm vegetable les. For us, they are fresh and tasty. Listen to the next question. There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our health. In many ways, burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. IT can cause breathing problems and make our eyes hurt. With the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. IT makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish into the land. Farmers use too many chemical in the field. They destroyed the soil, so soil pollution has become serious noise pollution can make people death. For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time, too much noise may cause high blood pressure as well working for a long time and strong changeable light may cause some kinds of diseases. IT makes people feel terrible. With less pollution, our planet will become Greener and we will be healthier. There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They're bad for our health in many ways. Burning gas, oil and cold creates air pollution. IT can cause breathing problems and make our eyes hurt with the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. IT makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish in to the land. Farmers used too many chemical in the field. They destroy the soil, so soil pollution has become serious noise. Pollution can make people death. For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time, too much noise may cause high blood pressure as well. Working for a long time in strong change, able light may cause some kinds of diseases. IT makes people feel terrible with less pollution, our planet will become Greener and we will be healthier. Listen to the next question. Helen keller was born in july nineteen eighty. His hometown was in the south of america. Everything was all right when he was born. But at the age of nineteen months, SHE became very ill. Then SHE couldn't see we're here anything, and SHE couldn't learn to say a word. Her parents were very worried who could help her. IT was miss Sullivan. When Helen keller was nearly seven years old, miss sulivan came into her life. SHE did her best to help Helen, and SHE did IT very well. Helen learned a lot of things and became a writer. He wrote lots of books. The most famous one was the story of my life. Helen keller was born in july nineteen eighty. His hometown was in the south of america. Everything was alright when he was born, but at the age of ninety months, SHE became very ill. Then SHE couldn't see her here anything, and SHE couldn't learn to say a word. Her parents were very worried who could help her. IT was miss Sullivan. When Helen keller was nearly seven years old, miss Sullivan came into her life. He did her best to help Helen, and SHE did IT very well. Helen learned a lot of things and became a writer. He wrote lots of books. The most famous one was the story of my life. Listen to the next question. mrs. Lee went to see a film one summer afternoon hall. Way through the wonderful film, mrs. Lee was feeling hot. A girl was selling ice cream, so he went to buy an ice cream. Quite a lot of people were waiting there, so mrs. Lee waited for her. ten. There was a little boy in front of her. When I was his son, he offered the girone dollar. So the girl said, I want another dollar, please. The little boy put the money back in his pocket and put his hand in another pocket. Then he took out another dollar and gave IT to the girl. Miss lee laughed and SHE paid the other one dollar for the boy. mrs. Lee went to see a film one summer afternoon. Halfway through the wonderful film, mrs. Lee was feeling hot. A girl was selling ice cream, so he went to buy an ice cream. Quite a lot of people were waiting there, so missis's waited for her turn. There was a little boy in front of her. When I was his son, he offered the girl one dollar, so the girl said, I want another dollar, please. The little boy put the money back in his pocket and put his hand in another pocket. Then he took out another dollar and gave IT to the girl. Miss lee laughed and SHE paid the other one dollar for the boy. 听力部分到此结束。 听力理解（短文或独白）（江苏扬州专用） ◇Part 01 考法与策略解析 题｜型｜策｜略 听力短文（独白）的时长通常控制在 1 - 3分钟，这个时间长度既能充分考查考生的听力理解能力，又契合考试整体节奏。其文体类型丰富多样，通知类文本多涉及学校活动安排、会议提醒等实用信息，如运动会时间变更、图书馆闭馆通知等；故事类常以记叙文形式呈现，围绕人物经历设置情节，包含事件的起因、发展和结局；科普类聚焦自然现象、科技成果等领域，用通俗易懂的语言传递科学知识；人物介绍则通过描述人物生平、成就及性格特点，帮助考生在获取信息的同时拓宽文化视野。 命题角度紧密围绕 “信息提取→逻辑理解→语言应用” 三层能力架构：基础层要求考生精准抓取关键信息，如时间、地点、人物身份；进阶层侧重对文本内在逻辑的梳理，像因果关系、事件顺序的判断；高阶层则考察考生对听力内容的灵活运用，包括根据信息推理结论或进行情景对话模拟。 题型一：细节理解题（占比 40%-50%） 【考查核心】 这类题目要求考生具备快速捕捉关键信息的能力，需要在听力播放过程中，精准定位时间（如具体日期、年份、时刻，像 "on July 15th, 2024" "at 8:30 a.m." ）、地点（包含国家、城市、场所，如 "New York Central Park" "the school library" ）、数字（涉及价格、数量、年龄，例如 "$25" "30 students" "12 years old" ）、行为（具体动作或事件，像 "play basketball" "attend a meeting" ）、特征（描述人或事物的特点，如 "tall with glasses" "a blue and white striped shirt" ）等显性信息。 出题形式通常以 "what"（询问事件、事物）、"when"（询问时间）、"where"（询问地点）、"how"（询问方式、程度）等疑问词引导问题，例如 "What did Tom do last weekend?" "Where will the concert be held?" ，考生需根据听到的内容迅速做出准确判断。 【答题策略】 预读定位法：听力播放前，快速浏览题干与选项，用荧光笔或横线标记出核心关键词，如时间（bus leave time）、地点（book fair place）、人物身份（teacher/student）、事件主题（volunteer activity）等。通过关键词预判短文可能涉及的信息类型与场景，例如看到 “bus leave time” 可提前在脑海中构建交通出行场景，聚焦时间类表达，提高信息捕捉效率。 信号词锁定法：在听力过程中，需重点捕捉三类信号词。逻辑信号词，如 first/then/next 提示叙述顺序，but/however 表示转折对比，because/so 说明因果关系，能帮助梳理短文结构；场景信号词，像 library 关联借书还书、museum 对应展品参观、playground 涉及运动活动，快速定位对话场景；数字修饰词，如 delay（延迟）、early（提前）、discount（折扣），与数字信息紧密相关，听到此类词汇需立即集中注意力，避免遗漏关键数据。 符号速记法：遇到复杂信息时，采用简洁符号和缩写快速记录。时间计算可使用数学符号直观呈现，如 “7:10 - 5min = 7:05” 简化为 “7:10↓5”；交通方式可用象形符号，“by bus” 记为 “🚌”，“by train” 记为 “🚂”；人物身份用首字母缩写，“teacher” 记为 “T”，“student” 记为 “S”。同时，可自创特定符号表示常见概念，如 “↑” 表示增加，“↓” 表示减少，确保在短时间内完整记录核心内容，为答题提供准确依据。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Hello, everyone! This Friday, our school will have a book fair in the playground. It will start at 9:00 a.m. and end at 4:00 p.m. Students can bring old books to sell or exchange. The money from sales will go to the school library. When will the book fair end? A. 9:00 a.m. B. 4:00 p.m. C. 5:00 p.m. [答题分析] 在中考英语听力短文题型中，部分题目会围绕时间信息设置考点，这类题目往往存在关键信号词，帮助考生快速定位答案。以本题为例，关键词 “end” 明确提示我们，听力内容中会涉及到某一事件的结束时间，这是解题的核心线索。 当听力材料中出现信号词 “and end at” 时，其后直接给出的 “4:00 p.m.” 就是本题的正确答案。在听力过程中，许多考生容易混淆开始时间和结束时间，本题特意设置 “9:00 a.m.” 作为干扰项，它其实是事件的开始时间。考生在听题时，一定要保持专注，准确区分不同时间点所对应的事件阶段，避免掉入题目陷阱。 答案：B。 [易错提示] 避免 “断章取义”：中考英语听力中常出现涉及时间计算的题目，这要求考生具备整合信息与逻辑推理能力。如真题中出现 “leave at 7:10, arrive 5 minutes early” 这样的表述，若仅关注 “leave at 7:10” 直接选择该时间，就会掉入题目陷阱。正确解题思路应是先明确 “arrive 5 minutes early” 表示提前 5 分钟到达，再通过时间倒推计算，即用出发时间 7:10 减去提前的 5 分钟，得出正确到达时间为 7:05。在遇到此类题目时，考生需保持清醒头脑，完整捕捉关键信息，进行必要的运算与推理，从而得出正确答案。 题型二：主旨概括题（占比 15%-20%） 【考查核心】 这类主旨类题目旨在考查考生的整体理解和概括能力。在实际答题过程中，考生需要在快速聆听的同时，抓住关键语句和高频词汇，从而提炼出短文的核心内容。通过分析历年真题发现，此类题目常常围绕故事寓意、通知要点、科普说明目的等展开。 【答题策略】 首尾句定位法：英语听力短文中，主旨句常 “暗藏” 于开头或结尾。以通知类文本为例，开头往往会用 “This is to remind you...”“Attention, please” 等句式直接点明核心内容，如 “This is to remind you that the school library will be closed for renovation next week”；而故事类文本则倾向于在结尾升华主题，用 “So we learned that...”“From this experience, I realized...” 等表述揭示寓意，例如 “So we learned that teamwork is the key to success”。考生可在听力过程中，重点捕捉首尾句的关键信息，快速锁定短文主旨。 高频词提炼法：在听力短文中，反复出现的名词通常是主题的核心线索。例如，若文中多次提及 “book fair”，那么相关内容大概率围绕图书展销会的时间、地点、活动内容等展开；频繁出现 “school trip”，则可能在介绍学校旅行的安排、注意事项。考生在听的过程中，要对重复出现的名词保持敏感，将这些高频词串联起来，就能大致勾勒出短文的主题框架，即便个别句子没听清，也能通过高频词把握整体内容。 文体适配法：不同文体的听力短文，抓取关键信息的侧重点各有不同。对于通知类文本，要着重抓住 “事项 + 目的”，比如 “The sports meeting originally scheduled for tomorrow is postponed due to bad weather. The new date will be announced later.”，这里 “运动会延期” 是事项，“天气原因” 是目的；故事类文本需关注 “情节 + 启示”，通过人物经历、事件发展理清情节脉络，再从结尾的总结性语句提炼出启示；科普类文本则要锁定 “说明对象 + 特征”，像 “Today, we’ll talk about dolphins. They are highly intelligent marine mammals with excellent communication skills.”，“海豚” 是说明对象，“高智商、出色的沟通能力” 是其特征。掌握这些不同文体的特点，能让考生更高效地获取关键信息，提升答题准确率。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Good morning, students! This is to remind you about the school trip to the science museum. We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. on October 15th. Please bring your student ID and a notebook. The museum has new exhibits on AI and space technology. What is the speaker’s main purpose? A. To introduce AI exhibits B. To announce a school trip C. To ask for student IDs [答题分析] 首句 “remind you about the school trip” 以开门见山的方式，直接点明广播的核心目的，让考生在听力伊始就精准捕捉到关键信息。通过这样的表述，迅速聚焦到 “学校旅行” 这一主题，为后续内容的理解奠定基础。 在听力材料的展开过程中，高频词 “school trip” 像一条主线，贯穿全文始终。这就要求考生在解题时，需要紧紧围绕这一核心主题进行判断。选项 A 仅提及展品，选项 C 仅提及证件，二者都只是涉及旅行中的部分细节，属于片面信息。而高频词的反复出现，能帮助考生快速排除这些以偏概全的细节干扰项，避免被局部信息误导。 答案：B。该选项的内容必然是紧密围绕学校旅行这一整体活动，涵盖了更全面、更贴合主旨的信息，因此是正确答案。 [易错提示] 避免 “以偏概全”：在听力短文的主旨题解答中，考生需警惕将短文中的局部细节误判为主旨。例如，当短文围绕博物馆展览展开时，展品的具体名称、年代或特征仅为支撑内容的细节；又如描述机场安检流程时，证件查验的具体要求属于流程中的一个环节。这些碎片化信息虽在文中多次提及，但无法完整概括短文核心。考生应从宏观视角把握文本脉络，提炼贯穿全文的核心议题，而非被个别高频出现的细节误导，从而精准提炼短文主旨。 题型三：推理判断题（占比 20%-25%） 【考查核心】 根据显性信息推断隐性内容是中考英语听力短文的高频考点，题目往往以 “Why...?”“What’s the relationship?” 等提问形式出现。这类题目要求考生不能仅停留在捕捉字面信息，还需结合对话或独白中的语气、关键词及上下文逻辑，深度挖掘文本背后的隐含信息。例如，通过称呼语（如 “Professor Smith”“Doctor”）、专业术语和对话场景，推断说话人身份；从说话人的语调、反复强调的内容判断其情感态度；利用 “because”“as a result” 等因果连词，或事件发生的先后顺序梳理因果关系。在实际解题时，建议考生提前预判可能出现的隐性信息，在听力过程中重点标记相关线索，从而更高效地应对此类题目。 【答题策略】 场景词推理法：通过高频场景词判断身份、地点及事件性质。例如在医院场景中，听到 “prescription（处方）、symptom（症状）、examination（检查）” 等词汇，可快速锁定人物关系为医生与病人；若出现 “boarding pass（登机牌）、departure（出发）、luggage claim（行李提取）” 等，则表明对话发生在机场。此方法能帮助考生在短时间内构建对话背景，减少信息处理压力。 转折词突破法：转折词 “but/however/yet” 后的内容往往是理解对话核心意图的关键。比如听到 “I’d love to, but I have a lesson”，考生应迅速捕捉到 “but” 后的 “have a lesson” 是拒绝邀请的真正原因；再如 “The concert sounds great. However, the ticket price is too high”，通过 “However” 可知说话者对音乐会票价存在顾虑，而非单纯肯定音乐会。 同义替换法：中考听力常通过近义词、短语替换或句式改写设置干扰项。例如 “raise money” 与 “collect donations” 均表示 “筹集资金”；“put off the meeting” 和 “postpone the meeting” 都意味着 “推迟会议”。考生需熟悉常见同义表达，在听力过程中快速识别选项与原文的语义对应关系，避免被表面词汇差异误导。 【示例分析】（短文节选） I’m sorry to tell you that the sports meeting tomorrow is canceled. The weather report says it will rain heavily all day. We’ll rearrange it next Friday. Please tell your classmates. Why is the sports meeting canceled? A. The ground is wet B. It will rain C. Students are busy [答题分析] 因果信号词识别：在听力材料中，"The weather report says..." 作为典型的因果逻辑引导词，明确提示其后内容为阐述天气状况的原因信息，考生应迅速建立因果关联意识，聚焦后续关键内容。 同义替换：原文出现的描述性短语 "rain heavily"，与选项 B 中的简洁表述 "It will rain" 形成精准的同义转换关系。这要求考生在备考过程中，熟练掌握常见天气类词汇的多样化表达方式，培养快速识别同义替换的能力。 干扰项排除依据：选项 A 提及的 "地面湿" 及选项 C 提到的 "学生忙碌"，在整段听力原文中均未出现任何相关描述或暗示，属于无中生有的干扰信息。考生需遵循 "所听即所得" 原则，果断排除缺乏原文依据的选项。 答案锁定逻辑：综合上述分析，通过精准捕捉因果信号词、识别同义表达，并有效排除干扰项，最终确定正确答案为 B。这一解题过程充分体现了中考英语听力短文题 "信息捕捉 - 语义匹配 - 干扰排除" 的完整解题逻辑。 [易错提示] 推理需 “有据可依”：在中考英语听力短文答题时，考生需避免脱离原文主观臆断。例如，即便听到 “It was raining heavily outside” 这样的描述，也不能直接得出 “The ground was wet” 的结论，除非听力原文中有 “The rain made the ground slippery” 等明确表述。这类逻辑陷阱常通过因果关系、细节引申等形式出现，要求考生必须紧扣听力材料中的关键信息，通过直接描述或上下文线索进行合理推断，杜绝仅凭生活常识或惯性思维答题。 题型四：信息转换题（占比 10%-15%） 【考查核心】 在填空 / 表格类听力题型中，拼写和语法是得分关键。扩写时先点明题型特点，再分别对拼写和语法要点展开说明，并补充易错点和检查技巧。 将听力信息转化为书面答案的填空、表格类题型，是中考英语听力的难点之一。这类题目不仅要求考生精准捕捉关键信息，还侧重考查拼写准确性与语法规范性两大核心能力。在拼写层面，考生需确保单词、短语的拼写零失误，尤其要警惕形似词（如 “weather” 与 “whether”）、同音词（如 “their”“there”“they're”）的干扰；在语法规范上，则需特别关注时态一致性，如听到过去时的描述，答案填写时动词也要用相应过去式，同时注意名词单复数形式与听力原文保持一致。完成作答后，建议利用剩余时间快速检查，通过上下文逻辑与语法规则双重校验，减少因拼写错误或语法疏漏导致的失分。 【答题策略】 预读预判法：利用听力播放前的间隙，快速浏览题目，通过分析空格前后的提示词，预判答案类型。例如，看到 “______ time”，可提前确定需填写时间类信息，像具体时刻、时间段等；遇到 “helpmom with ______”，则可推断此处应填写名词，可能是家务活动，如 “housework” “cleaning” 等。此外，还可以通过观察句子结构、关键词与固定搭配，进一步缩小答案范围，提高答题准确性。比如，在 “spend ______ hours on” 结构中，能预判此处需填数字。 速记补全法：在听力播放过程中，由于语速较快，难以完整记录长单词或复杂内容，此时采用首字母记录法十分有效。例如，听到 “gardening” 时，迅速记为 “gard”，“mathematics” 记为 “math”。同时，对于一些常见词汇、短语或固定搭配，可以使用特定的缩写符号，如 “&” 代表 “and”，“esp.” 代表 “especially” 等。在听力结束后的检查时间里，结合上下文和语法知识，将速记内容补全为完整、正确的单词，确保拼写无误。 语法校验法：听力答题完成后，必须对答案进行语法层面的全面检查。首先，确认名词单复数形式是否正确，比如若听到的语境是多个事物，“book” 就应改为复数形式 “books”；其次，判断时态是否符合上下文，若是描述未来的计划或安排，需使用将来时，如 “will start”；再者，注意时间、日期等信息的格式要求，例如在要求使用 24 小时制的题目中，需将 “1:30p.m.” 转换为 “13:30”。此外，还要检查冠词的使用、动词的形式（如现在分词、过去分词）等，通过细致的语法校验，避免因语法错误而丢分。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Hi, Tom. On Saturday morning, I’m going to the library to return some books. Then in the afternoon, I’m going to help my mom with gardening. On Sunday evening, I’m going to study for the math test. （表格填空）Saturday afternoon: Help mom with ______. Sunday evening: Study for the ______ test. [答题分析] 预读题干和选项时，通过语法结构分析可知空格处需填入名词，由此明确答案类型，缩小思考范围。 听力过程中，要充分利用信号词 “in the afternoon”“Sunday evening” 进行精准定位。当听到这些关键词时，需高度集中注意力，捕捉其后的关键信息，避免遗漏。 书写答案时务必谨慎，特别注意 “gardening” 的拼写，要完整写出 “-ing” 形式，切勿因疏忽而丢分；同时，“math” 是约定俗成的缩写形式，不能写成 “mathematics” 的错误缩写，保证书写规范。 综合听力内容和上述分析，得出答案为：gardening；math。 [易错提示] 警惕 “同音 / 近形陷阱”：中考听力常利用英语中发音相近或拼写相似的词汇设置干扰项。如 “hear”（听见，动词） 与 “here”（这里，副词） 发音完全相同，在问路场景中，若听到 “Can you hear me?” 需明确这是询问是否听清内容，而非指示位置； “affect”（影响，动词，侧重行为或事件对人 / 事产生的作用） 与 “effect”（影响、效果，名词，强调结果） 拼写相近，当听力材料提及 “How will climate change affect agriculture?” 时，需迅速判断此处 “affect” 为动词，若误听为 “effect” 则会混淆句子结构。面对这类词汇，需结合前后关键词、语法结构及具体语境综合判断，避免因听觉或视觉干扰造成误判。 突｜破｜必｜备 1.日常训练 精听真题：系统梳理近 3 年本地中考英语听力真题短文，采用 "三遍精听法"。第一遍完整收听，标注未理解的内容；第二遍逐句听写，重点记录转折词（如 however、but）、否定词（如 never、hardly）和逻辑连接词（如 therefore、besides）；第三遍核对答案，建立错题本，分类整理错误类型。例如因忽略 "but actually" 导致的语义误判，或因同音词混淆（如 their/there/they're）产生的拼写错误。 泛听拓展：选择 BBC Learning English 的 "6 Minute Stories" 作为泛听素材，该节目以生活化场景对话为核心，包含地道的口语表达和自然连读。建议每日利用碎片化时间泛听 2-3 篇，通过影子跟读模仿语音语调，培养英语语感和语流感知能力。 2.考前技巧 预读策略：拿到试卷后，优先完成听力部分的题目预读。利用发卷至正式播放听力材料的 3-5 分钟，快速浏览所有短文题目、选项及问题，使用不同符号标注核心信息：用波浪线标记时间、地点、数字等细节类关键词；用三角符号标注态度类关键词（如 agree/disagree、positive/negative）；用星号标记主旨类关键词（如 main idea、purpose）。 应急处理：听力过程中若遇个别生词或未理解的句子，立即执行 "2 秒原则"—— 尝试抓取关键词后迅速跳过，避免因局部卡顿影响整体作答节奏。同时，利用上下文逻辑关系和已知信息进行合理推断，例如通过前后句的因果关系或举例说明补全缺失信息。 ◇Part 02 方法与能力突破 基｜础｜练｜习 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 1．What is a bear like? A．It has a large body, long legs and a long tail. B．It has a small body, thick legs and a short tail. C．It has a large body, thick legs and a short tail. 2．What do the bears eat? A．Only meat. B．Only plants. C．Almost everything. 3．How is the bears’ eyesight (视力)? A．Bears have good eyesight. B．Bears have poor eyesight. C．Bears can't see anything. 4．What do the bears use to find food? A．Their noses. B．Their mouths. C．Their eyes. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．They are very dangerous animals. B．They are less clever than most other animals. C．They can also walk with their “feet”. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【原文】 People can find bears in many places in the world. They have large bodies, thick legs, but short tails. Bears not only eat meat, they almost eat everything. Bears are not so dangerous as people think them to be. Bears are very brave. Many hunters were killed by bears when they wanted to kill bears. They have a very good sense of smell, but very poor eyesight. So they usually find something with their noses, not with their eyes. Bears are cleverer than most other animals because they can think of something. They can also walk only with their feet. They are our friends. We should try our best to protect them. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 6．What do the students do after the second class? A．Watch TV. B．Eat breakfast. C．Do some eye exercises. 7．When do the students have PE lessons? A．On Wednesday and Friday. B．On Tuesday and Thursday. C．On Tuesday and Wednesday. 8．When do the students have sports? A．At 4:30 p.m. B．At 5:00 p.m. C．At 5:00 a.m. 9．What is the most popular sport in the speaker’s school? A．Football. B．Volleyball. C．Basketball. 10．How often do the students have a sports meeting? A．Once a term. B．Twice a year. C．Once a year. 【答案】6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【原文】 Everyone in our school loves sports. Every morning, after getting to school, we do morning exercises. After the second class, we do some eye exercises. We have PE lessons on Tuesday and Thursday, but we have sports at five every afternoon. Students like to play football more than volleyball, and students like to play basketball more than football. The boys enjoy playing it and many of the girls like it too. We have school teams in basketball, football and volleyball. Our teams often have matches with teams from other schools. We have a sports meeting twice a year. We also have a sport festival every year to enjoy some funny activities about sports. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 11．When will the open day be? A．This Friday. B．This Thursday. C．This Wednesday. 12．At which gate should the parents arrive? A．The west gate. B．The north gate. C．The east gate. 13．Who will be with the parents all the way? A．Headmasters. B．Teachers. C．Students. 14．What is the last activity of the open day? A．Looking at class projects. B．Visiting the library. C．A wonderful show. 15．What does the speaker mainly talk about? A．The program for the open day. B．The people who will come during the open day. C．The things for students to do during the open day. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 【原文】 Attention, please, boys and girls! This Friday we will have the school open day. First let me tell you the program for the open day. Your parents should arrive at the east gate of the school, and the teachers will meet them there at 9:00. And at 9:15 we will lead them to visit the classroom. At 10:00 they will begin looking at our class projects in the hall. Teachers will be with your parents all the way, so they can talk about your life at school. Lunch will begin at 12:00 in the dining hall. Your parents will eat with us. After the lunch break, that is, at 1:30 in the afternoon, they will visit the library and the new lab. At 2:30 they will enjoy a wonderful show. That’s the last activity of the open day. Now, I am going to give you the invitations. Please take them home to your parents. Thank you! 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 16．Why do many people order food online now? A．Because they don’t like cooking. B．Because they don’t have much time. C．Because they think online food tastes better. 17．What does the speaker think of the food ordered online? A．It is often delicious. B．It is often expensive. C．It is often salty. 18．How does the speaker’s mum get the vegetables for meals? A．By going to the supermarket. B．By shopping online. C．By going to the farmers’ market. 19．What does the speaker’s father do in the kitchen? A．He helps wash the dishes. B．He cleans the table. C．He cooks rice. 20．When is the best time for the speaker’s family? A．When they are having dinner together on weekdays. B．When they do the cleaning in the kitchen at weekends. C．When they are talking and helping with cooking at weekends. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C 【原文】 People are very busy these days, so they often order food online. But I think the food ordered online often has too much oil, salt or sugar. My family love home cooking. Mother cooks delicious food for us every day. Although she is very busy, she often buys meat and vegetables online, and then cooks some when she gets home. On weekdays, she prepares the next day’s meals after supper. My father often helps her to prepare dinner for the next day, and washes the dishes. When they are busy preparing, my sister and I do our homework. At weekends, we help our parents in the kitchen. We often talk with each other happily when we are helping with cooking. It becomes the happiest time for my family. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 21．Where did Alex read about table manners? A．In a magazine. B．On a website. C．In a newspaper. 22．In which situation can you make some noise in Japan? A．When eating noodles. B．When drinking water. C．When having ice cream. 23．What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A．It’s funny. B．It’s boring. C．It’s impolite. 24．When can you start eating in England? A．After you get the food. B．When everyone is at the table. C．As soon as you are hungry. 25．What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A．Learn to speak their language. B．Prepare some special presents. C．Learn about their table manners. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 【原文】Hello, everyone, I’m Alex. Recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. It is quite interesting. It says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in Japan, it is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to England, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I start eating. So just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” It is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. 提｜升｜练｜习 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 1．Where did Alex read about table manners? A．In a magazine. B．On a website. C．In a newspaper. 2．In which situation can you make some noise in Japan? A．When eating noodles. B．When drinking water. C．When having ice cream. 3．What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A．It’s funny. B．It’s boring. C．It’s impolite. 4．When can you start eating in England? A．After you get the food. B．When everyone is at the table. C．As soon as you are hungry. 5．What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A．Learn to speak their language. B．Prepare some special presents. C．Learn about their table manners. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【原文】Hello, everyone, I’m Alex. Recently, I have read an article about table manners on the website. It is quite interesting. It says that I should never talk when there is food in my mouth. Also I should try to eat or drink as quietly as possible. However, in Japan, it is okay to make a lot of noise when you are eating noodles. This article made me think about the cultural differences between countries. For example, when I go to England, I have to remember never to put my knife in my mouth. This is very rude. I also need to wait until everyone is at the table before I start eating. So just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” It is a good idea to learn about their table manners before going to another country. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 6．Where is Jane’s uncle’s farm? A．Near her home. B．Far away from her school. C．Far away from her home. 7．What animal is mentioned in the passage? A．Horses. B．Pigs. C．Sheep. 8．Why do they like reading on the farm? A．It is quiet there. B．They can enjoy clean air. C．They can watch the animals. 9．What do they like doing in winter? A．Skating. B．Swimming. C．Fishing. 10．What does her uncle cook for them? A．Farm animals’ meat. B．Fish. C．Farm vegetables. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【原文】 I’m Jane. My uncle has a farm. It is near my home. My uncle grows rice and vegetables on the farm. There are many animals, such as sheep, cows, chickens and ducks. My classmates and I often go to the farm after school. We can play with the animals, walk, read books or help my uncle to do some farm work there. We like walking or doing some reading on the farm because the air there is nice and clean. You can see a lake on the left of the farm. There are many fish in the lake. We often go fishing on Saturdays and Sundays. The lake is so clean that we swim in the lake in summer. When the surface of the lake turns into ice in winter, we skate on it, too. What we like most is that my uncle cooks his farm vegetables for us. They are fresh and tasty. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 11．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 12．What will create air pollution? A．Using chemicals. B．Putting rubbish into the land. C．Burning gas, oil and coal. 13．What can air pollution cause? A．It can cause breathing problems. B．It can create much litter. C．It can make people deaf. 14．What kind of pollution may cause high blood pressure? A．Air pollution. B．Noise pollution. C．Light pollution. 15．What does the speaker want to tell us? A．There are many kinds of pollution. B．What pollution is. C．To protect our environment. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【原文】 There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our health in many ways. Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. It can cause breathing problems and make our eyes hurt. With the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish into the land. Farmers use too many chemicals in the field. They destroy the soil. So soil pollution has become serious. Noise pollution can make people deaf. For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time. Too much noise may cause high blood pressure as well. Working for a long time in strong, changeable light may cause some kinds of diseases. It makes people feel terrible. With less pollution, our planet will become greener and we will be healthier. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 16．Where was Helen’s hometown? A．In the north of America. B．In the south of America. C．In the west of America. 17．How was Helen when she was born? A．She was all right. B．She couldn’t see or hear anything. C．She couldn’t learn to say any words. 18．Who were worried about Helen a lot? A．Her grandparents. B．Her parents. C．Her mother. 19．When did Miss Sullivan come into Helen’s life? A．When Helen was nearly five. B．When Helen was nearly six. C．When Helen was nearly seven. 20．What did Helen become? A．A speaker. B．A reporter. C．A writer. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．C 【原文】 Helen Keller was born in June, 1880. Her hometown was in the south of America. Everything was all right when she was born, but at the age of nineteen months, she became very ill. Then she couldn’t see or hear anything. And she couldn’t learn to say a word. Her parents were very worried. Who could help her? It was Miss Sullivan! When Helen Keller was nearly seven years old, Miss Sullivan came into her life. She did her best to help Helen, and she did it very well! Helen Keller learnt lots of things and became a writer. She wrote lots of books. The most famous one was The Story of My Life. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 21．What did Mrs. Lee do one summer afternoon? A．She went to a supermarket. B．She went to the cinema. C．She went to sell ice creams. 22．Why did Mrs. Lee want to buy an ice cream? A．She felt hot. B．She felt hungry. C．She felt cold. 23．Who was selling cold drinks? A．Mr. Lee. B．A boy. C．A girl. 24．How much does an ice cream cost in the story? A．One dollar. B．Two dollars. C．Three dollars. 25．Why did Mrs. Lee pay one dollar for the boy? A．Because she was the boy’s mother. B．Because she knew the boy well. C．Because she thought the boy was funny. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 【原文】 Mrs. Lee went to see a film one summer afternoon. Half way through the wonderful film, Mrs. Lee was feeling hot. A girl was selling ice creams, so she went to buy an ice cream. Quite a lot of people were waiting there, so Mrs. Lee waited for her turn. There was a little boy in front of her. When it was his turn, he offered the girl one dollar. So the girl said, “I want another dollar, please.” The little boy put the money back in his pocket, and he put his hand in another pocket. Then he took out another dollar and gave it to the girl. Mrs. Lee laughed, and she paid the other one dollar for the boy. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 听力理解（短文或独白）（江苏扬州专用） ◇Part 01 考法与策略解析 题｜型｜策｜略 听力短文（独白）的时长通常控制在 1 - 3分钟，这个时间长度既能充分考查考生的听力理解能力，又契合考试整体节奏。其文体类型丰富多样，通知类文本多涉及学校活动安排、会议提醒等实用信息，如运动会时间变更、图书馆闭馆通知等；故事类常以记叙文形式呈现，围绕人物经历设置情节，包含事件的起因、发展和结局；科普类聚焦自然现象、科技成果等领域，用通俗易懂的语言传递科学知识；人物介绍则通过描述人物生平、成就及性格特点，帮助考生在获取信息的同时拓宽文化视野。 命题角度紧密围绕 “信息提取→逻辑理解→语言应用” 三层能力架构：基础层要求考生精准抓取关键信息，如时间、地点、人物身份；进阶层侧重对文本内在逻辑的梳理，像因果关系、事件顺序的判断；高阶层则考察考生对听力内容的灵活运用，包括根据信息推理结论或进行情景对话模拟。 题型一：细节理解题（占比 40%-50%） 【考查核心】 这类题目要求考生具备快速捕捉关键信息的能力，需要在听力播放过程中，精准定位时间（如具体日期、年份、时刻，像 "on July 15th, 2024" "at 8:30 a.m." ）、地点（包含国家、城市、场所，如 "New York Central Park" "the school library" ）、数字（涉及价格、数量、年龄，例如 "$25" "30 students" "12 years old" ）、行为（具体动作或事件，像 "play basketball" "attend a meeting" ）、特征（描述人或事物的特点，如 "tall with glasses" "a blue and white striped shirt" ）等显性信息。 出题形式通常以 "what"（询问事件、事物）、"when"（询问时间）、"where"（询问地点）、"how"（询问方式、程度）等疑问词引导问题，例如 "What did Tom do last weekend?" "Where will the concert be held?" ，考生需根据听到的内容迅速做出准确判断。 【答题策略】 预读定位法：听力播放前，快速浏览题干与选项，用荧光笔或横线标记出核心关键词，如时间（bus leave time）、地点（book fair place）、人物身份（teacher/student）、事件主题（volunteer activity）等。通过关键词预判短文可能涉及的信息类型与场景，例如看到 “bus leave time” 可提前在脑海中构建交通出行场景，聚焦时间类表达，提高信息捕捉效率。 信号词锁定法：在听力过程中，需重点捕捉三类信号词。逻辑信号词，如 first/then/next 提示叙述顺序，but/however 表示转折对比，because/so 说明因果关系，能帮助梳理短文结构；场景信号词，像 library 关联借书还书、museum 对应展品参观、playground 涉及运动活动，快速定位对话场景；数字修饰词，如 delay（延迟）、early（提前）、discount（折扣），与数字信息紧密相关，听到此类词汇需立即集中注意力，避免遗漏关键数据。 符号速记法：遇到复杂信息时，采用简洁符号和缩写快速记录。时间计算可使用数学符号直观呈现，如 “7:10 - 5min = 7:05” 简化为 “7:10↓5”；交通方式可用象形符号，“by bus” 记为 “🚌”，“by train” 记为 “🚂”；人物身份用首字母缩写，“teacher” 记为 “T”，“student” 记为 “S”。同时，可自创特定符号表示常见概念，如 “↑” 表示增加，“↓” 表示减少，确保在短时间内完整记录核心内容，为答题提供准确依据。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Hello, everyone! This Friday, our school will have a book fair in the playground. It will start at 9:00 a.m. and end at 4:00 p.m. Students can bring old books to sell or exchange. The money from sales will go to the school library. When will the book fair end? A. 9:00 a.m. B. 4:00 p.m. C. 5:00 p.m. [答题分析] 在中考英语听力短文题型中，部分题目会围绕时间信息设置考点，这类题目往往存在关键信号词，帮助考生快速定位答案。以本题为例，关键词 “end” 明确提示我们，听力内容中会涉及到某一事件的结束时间，这是解题的核心线索。 当听力材料中出现信号词 “and end at” 时，其后直接给出的 “4:00 p.m.” 就是本题的正确答案。在听力过程中，许多考生容易混淆开始时间和结束时间，本题特意设置 “9:00 a.m.” 作为干扰项，它其实是事件的开始时间。考生在听题时，一定要保持专注，准确区分不同时间点所对应的事件阶段，避免掉入题目陷阱。 答案：B。 [易错提示] 避免 “断章取义”：中考英语听力中常出现涉及时间计算的题目，这要求考生具备整合信息与逻辑推理能力。如真题中出现 “leave at 7:10, arrive 5 minutes early” 这样的表述，若仅关注 “leave at 7:10” 直接选择该时间，就会掉入题目陷阱。正确解题思路应是先明确 “arrive 5 minutes early” 表示提前 5 分钟到达，再通过时间倒推计算，即用出发时间 7:10 减去提前的 5 分钟，得出正确到达时间为 7:05。在遇到此类题目时，考生需保持清醒头脑，完整捕捉关键信息，进行必要的运算与推理，从而得出正确答案。 题型二：主旨概括题（占比 15%-20%） 【考查核心】 这类主旨类题目旨在考查考生的整体理解和概括能力。在实际答题过程中，考生需要在快速聆听的同时，抓住关键语句和高频词汇，从而提炼出短文的核心内容。通过分析历年真题发现，此类题目常常围绕故事寓意、通知要点、科普说明目的等展开。 【答题策略】 首尾句定位法：英语听力短文中，主旨句常 “暗藏” 于开头或结尾。以通知类文本为例，开头往往会用 “This is to remind you...”“Attention, please” 等句式直接点明核心内容，如 “This is to remind you that the school library will be closed for renovation next week”；而故事类文本则倾向于在结尾升华主题，用 “So we learned that...”“From this experience, I realized...” 等表述揭示寓意，例如 “So we learned that teamwork is the key to success”。考生可在听力过程中，重点捕捉首尾句的关键信息，快速锁定短文主旨。 高频词提炼法：在听力短文中，反复出现的名词通常是主题的核心线索。例如，若文中多次提及 “book fair”，那么相关内容大概率围绕图书展销会的时间、地点、活动内容等展开；频繁出现 “school trip”，则可能在介绍学校旅行的安排、注意事项。考生在听的过程中，要对重复出现的名词保持敏感，将这些高频词串联起来，就能大致勾勒出短文的主题框架，即便个别句子没听清，也能通过高频词把握整体内容。 文体适配法：不同文体的听力短文，抓取关键信息的侧重点各有不同。对于通知类文本，要着重抓住 “事项 + 目的”，比如 “The sports meeting originally scheduled for tomorrow is postponed due to bad weather. The new date will be announced later.”，这里 “运动会延期” 是事项，“天气原因” 是目的；故事类文本需关注 “情节 + 启示”，通过人物经历、事件发展理清情节脉络，再从结尾的总结性语句提炼出启示；科普类文本则要锁定 “说明对象 + 特征”，像 “Today, we’ll talk about dolphins. They are highly intelligent marine mammals with excellent communication skills.”，“海豚” 是说明对象，“高智商、出色的沟通能力” 是其特征。掌握这些不同文体的特点，能让考生更高效地获取关键信息，提升答题准确率。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Good morning, students! This is to remind you about the school trip to the science museum. We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. on October 15th. Please bring your student ID and a notebook. The museum has new exhibits on AI and space technology. What is the speaker’s main purpose? A. To introduce AI exhibits B. To announce a school trip C. To ask for student IDs [答题分析] 首句 “remind you about the school trip” 以开门见山的方式，直接点明广播的核心目的，让考生在听力伊始就精准捕捉到关键信息。通过这样的表述，迅速聚焦到 “学校旅行” 这一主题，为后续内容的理解奠定基础。 在听力材料的展开过程中，高频词 “school trip” 像一条主线，贯穿全文始终。这就要求考生在解题时，需要紧紧围绕这一核心主题进行判断。选项 A 仅提及展品，选项 C 仅提及证件，二者都只是涉及旅行中的部分细节，属于片面信息。而高频词的反复出现，能帮助考生快速排除这些以偏概全的细节干扰项，避免被局部信息误导。 答案：B。该选项的内容必然是紧密围绕学校旅行这一整体活动，涵盖了更全面、更贴合主旨的信息，因此是正确答案。 [易错提示] 避免 “以偏概全”：在听力短文的主旨题解答中，考生需警惕将短文中的局部细节误判为主旨。例如，当短文围绕博物馆展览展开时，展品的具体名称、年代或特征仅为支撑内容的细节；又如描述机场安检流程时，证件查验的具体要求属于流程中的一个环节。这些碎片化信息虽在文中多次提及，但无法完整概括短文核心。考生应从宏观视角把握文本脉络，提炼贯穿全文的核心议题，而非被个别高频出现的细节误导，从而精准提炼短文主旨。 题型三：推理判断题（占比 20%-25%） 【考查核心】 根据显性信息推断隐性内容是中考英语听力短文的高频考点，题目往往以 “Why...?”“What’s the relationship?” 等提问形式出现。这类题目要求考生不能仅停留在捕捉字面信息，还需结合对话或独白中的语气、关键词及上下文逻辑，深度挖掘文本背后的隐含信息。例如，通过称呼语（如 “Professor Smith”“Doctor”）、专业术语和对话场景，推断说话人身份；从说话人的语调、反复强调的内容判断其情感态度；利用 “because”“as a result” 等因果连词，或事件发生的先后顺序梳理因果关系。在实际解题时，建议考生提前预判可能出现的隐性信息，在听力过程中重点标记相关线索，从而更高效地应对此类题目。 【答题策略】 场景词推理法：通过高频场景词判断身份、地点及事件性质。例如在医院场景中，听到 “prescription（处方）、symptom（症状）、examination（检查）” 等词汇，可快速锁定人物关系为医生与病人；若出现 “boarding pass（登机牌）、departure（出发）、luggage claim（行李提取）” 等，则表明对话发生在机场。此方法能帮助考生在短时间内构建对话背景，减少信息处理压力。 转折词突破法：转折词 “but/however/yet” 后的内容往往是理解对话核心意图的关键。比如听到 “I’d love to, but I have a lesson”，考生应迅速捕捉到 “but” 后的 “have a lesson” 是拒绝邀请的真正原因；再如 “The concert sounds great. However, the ticket price is too high”，通过 “However” 可知说话者对音乐会票价存在顾虑，而非单纯肯定音乐会。 同义替换法：中考听力常通过近义词、短语替换或句式改写设置干扰项。例如 “raise money” 与 “collect donations” 均表示 “筹集资金”；“put off the meeting” 和 “postpone the meeting” 都意味着 “推迟会议”。考生需熟悉常见同义表达，在听力过程中快速识别选项与原文的语义对应关系，避免被表面词汇差异误导。 【示例分析】（短文节选） I’m sorry to tell you that the sports meeting tomorrow is canceled. The weather report says it will rain heavily all day. We’ll rearrange it next Friday. Please tell your classmates. Why is the sports meeting canceled? A. The ground is wet B. It will rain C. Students are busy [答题分析] 因果信号词识别：在听力材料中，"The weather report says..." 作为典型的因果逻辑引导词，明确提示其后内容为阐述天气状况的原因信息，考生应迅速建立因果关联意识，聚焦后续关键内容。 同义替换：原文出现的描述性短语 "rain heavily"，与选项 B 中的简洁表述 "It will rain" 形成精准的同义转换关系。这要求考生在备考过程中，熟练掌握常见天气类词汇的多样化表达方式，培养快速识别同义替换的能力。 干扰项排除依据：选项 A 提及的 "地面湿" 及选项 C 提到的 "学生忙碌"，在整段听力原文中均未出现任何相关描述或暗示，属于无中生有的干扰信息。考生需遵循 "所听即所得" 原则，果断排除缺乏原文依据的选项。 答案锁定逻辑：综合上述分析，通过精准捕捉因果信号词、识别同义表达，并有效排除干扰项，最终确定正确答案为 B。这一解题过程充分体现了中考英语听力短文题 "信息捕捉 - 语义匹配 - 干扰排除" 的完整解题逻辑。 [易错提示] 推理需 “有据可依”：在中考英语听力短文答题时，考生需避免脱离原文主观臆断。例如，即便听到 “It was raining heavily outside” 这样的描述，也不能直接得出 “The ground was wet” 的结论，除非听力原文中有 “The rain made the ground slippery” 等明确表述。这类逻辑陷阱常通过因果关系、细节引申等形式出现，要求考生必须紧扣听力材料中的关键信息，通过直接描述或上下文线索进行合理推断，杜绝仅凭生活常识或惯性思维答题。 题型四：信息转换题（占比 10%-15%） 【考查核心】 在填空 / 表格类听力题型中，拼写和语法是得分关键。扩写时先点明题型特点，再分别对拼写和语法要点展开说明，并补充易错点和检查技巧。 将听力信息转化为书面答案的填空、表格类题型，是中考英语听力的难点之一。这类题目不仅要求考生精准捕捉关键信息，还侧重考查拼写准确性与语法规范性两大核心能力。在拼写层面，考生需确保单词、短语的拼写零失误，尤其要警惕形似词（如 “weather” 与 “whether”）、同音词（如 “their”“there”“they're”）的干扰；在语法规范上，则需特别关注时态一致性，如听到过去时的描述，答案填写时动词也要用相应过去式，同时注意名词单复数形式与听力原文保持一致。完成作答后，建议利用剩余时间快速检查，通过上下文逻辑与语法规则双重校验，减少因拼写错误或语法疏漏导致的失分。 【答题策略】 预读预判法：利用听力播放前的间隙，快速浏览题目，通过分析空格前后的提示词，预判答案类型。例如，看到 “______ time”，可提前确定需填写时间类信息，像具体时刻、时间段等；遇到 “helpmom with ______”，则可推断此处应填写名词，可能是家务活动，如 “housework” “cleaning” 等。此外，还可以通过观察句子结构、关键词与固定搭配，进一步缩小答案范围，提高答题准确性。比如，在 “spend ______ hours on” 结构中，能预判此处需填数字。 速记补全法：在听力播放过程中，由于语速较快，难以完整记录长单词或复杂内容，此时采用首字母记录法十分有效。例如，听到 “gardening” 时，迅速记为 “gard”，“mathematics” 记为 “math”。同时，对于一些常见词汇、短语或固定搭配，可以使用特定的缩写符号，如 “&” 代表 “and”，“esp.” 代表 “especially” 等。在听力结束后的检查时间里，结合上下文和语法知识，将速记内容补全为完整、正确的单词，确保拼写无误。 语法校验法：听力答题完成后，必须对答案进行语法层面的全面检查。首先，确认名词单复数形式是否正确，比如若听到的语境是多个事物，“book” 就应改为复数形式 “books”；其次，判断时态是否符合上下文，若是描述未来的计划或安排，需使用将来时，如 “will start”；再者，注意时间、日期等信息的格式要求，例如在要求使用 24 小时制的题目中，需将 “1:30p.m.” 转换为 “13:30”。此外，还要检查冠词的使用、动词的形式（如现在分词、过去分词）等，通过细致的语法校验，避免因语法错误而丢分。 【示例分析】（短文节选） Hi, Tom. On Saturday morning, I’m going to the library to return some books. Then in the afternoon, I’m going to help my mom with gardening. On Sunday evening, I’m going to study for the math test. （表格填空）Saturday afternoon: Help mom with ______. Sunday evening: Study for the ______ test. [答题分析] 预读题干和选项时，通过语法结构分析可知空格处需填入名词，由此明确答案类型，缩小思考范围。 听力过程中，要充分利用信号词 “in the afternoon”“Sunday evening” 进行精准定位。当听到这些关键词时，需高度集中注意力，捕捉其后的关键信息，避免遗漏。 书写答案时务必谨慎，特别注意 “gardening” 的拼写，要完整写出 “-ing” 形式，切勿因疏忽而丢分；同时，“math” 是约定俗成的缩写形式，不能写成 “mathematics” 的错误缩写，保证书写规范。 综合听力内容和上述分析，得出答案为：gardening；math。 [易错提示] 警惕 “同音 / 近形陷阱”：中考听力常利用英语中发音相近或拼写相似的词汇设置干扰项。如 “hear”（听见，动词） 与 “here”（这里，副词） 发音完全相同，在问路场景中，若听到 “Can you hear me?” 需明确这是询问是否听清内容，而非指示位置； “affect”（影响，动词，侧重行为或事件对人 / 事产生的作用） 与 “effect”（影响、效果，名词，强调结果） 拼写相近，当听力材料提及 “How will climate change affect agriculture?” 时，需迅速判断此处 “affect” 为动词，若误听为 “effect” 则会混淆句子结构。面对这类词汇，需结合前后关键词、语法结构及具体语境综合判断，避免因听觉或视觉干扰造成误判。 突｜破｜必｜备 1.日常训练 精听真题：系统梳理近 3 年本地中考英语听力真题短文，采用 "三遍精听法"。第一遍完整收听，标注未理解的内容；第二遍逐句听写，重点记录转折词（如 however、but）、否定词（如 never、hardly）和逻辑连接词（如 therefore、besides）；第三遍核对答案，建立错题本，分类整理错误类型。例如因忽略 "but actually" 导致的语义误判，或因同音词混淆（如 their/there/they're）产生的拼写错误。 泛听拓展：选择 BBC Learning English 的 "6 Minute Stories" 作为泛听素材，该节目以生活化场景对话为核心，包含地道的口语表达和自然连读。建议每日利用碎片化时间泛听 2-3 篇，通过影子跟读模仿语音语调，培养英语语感和语流感知能力。 2.考前技巧 预读策略：拿到试卷后，优先完成听力部分的题目预读。利用发卷至正式播放听力材料的 3-5 分钟，快速浏览所有短文题目、选项及问题，使用不同符号标注核心信息：用波浪线标记时间、地点、数字等细节类关键词；用三角符号标注态度类关键词（如 agree/disagree、positive/negative）；用星号标记主旨类关键词（如 main idea、purpose）。 应急处理：听力过程中若遇个别生词或未理解的句子，立即执行 "2 秒原则"—— 尝试抓取关键词后迅速跳过，避免因局部卡顿影响整体作答节奏。同时，利用上下文逻辑关系和已知信息进行合理推断，例如通过前后句的因果关系或举例说明补全缺失信息。 ◇Part 02 方法与能力突破 基｜础｜练｜习 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 1．What is a bear like? A．It has a large body, long legs and a long tail. B．It has a small body, thick legs and a short tail. C．It has a large body, thick legs and a short tail. 2．What do the bears eat? A．Only meat. B．Only plants. C．Almost everything. 3．How is the bears’ eyesight (视力)? A．Bears have good eyesight. B．Bears have poor eyesight. C．Bears can't see anything. 4．What do the bears use to find food? A．Their noses. B．Their mouths. C．Their eyes. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．They are very dangerous animals. B．They are less clever than most other animals. C．They can also walk with their “feet”. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 6．What do the students do after the second class? A．Watch TV. B．Eat breakfast. C．Do some eye exercises. 7．When do the students have PE lessons? A．On Wednesday and Friday. B．On Tuesday and Thursday. C．On Tuesday and Wednesday. 8．When do the students have sports? A．At 4:30 p.m. B．At 5:00 p.m. C．At 5:00 a.m. 9．What is the most popular sport in the speaker’s school? A．Football. B．Volleyball. C．Basketball. 10．How often do the students have a sports meeting? A．Once a term. B．Twice a year. C．Once a year. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 11．When will the open day be? A．This Friday. B．This Thursday. C．This Wednesday. 12．At which gate should the parents arrive? A．The west gate. B．The north gate. C．The east gate. 13．Who will be with the parents all the way? A．Headmasters. B．Teachers. C．Students. 14．What is the last activity of the open day? A．Looking at class projects. B．Visiting the library. C．A wonderful show. 15．What does the speaker mainly talk about? A．The program for the open day. B．The people who will come during the open day. C．The things for students to do during the open day. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 16．Why do many people order food online now? A．Because they don’t like cooking. B．Because they don’t have much time. C．Because they think online food tastes better. 17．What does the speaker think of the food ordered online? A．It is often delicious. B．It is often expensive. C．It is often salty. 18．How does the speaker’s mum get the vegetables for meals? A．By going to the supermarket. B．By shopping online. C．By going to the farmers’ market. 19．What does the speaker’s father do in the kitchen? A．He helps wash the dishes. B．He cleans the table. C．He cooks rice. 20．When is the best time for the speaker’s family? A．When they are having dinner together on weekdays. B．When they do the cleaning in the kitchen at weekends. C．When they are talking and helping with cooking at weekends. 听短文，回答下面5个小题。 21．Where did Alex read about table manners? A．In a magazine. B．On a website. C．In a newspaper. 22．In which situation can you make some noise in Japan? A．When eating noodles. B．When drinking water. C．When having ice cream. 23．What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A．It’s funny. B．It’s boring. C．It’s impolite. 24．When can you start eating in England? A．After you get the food. B．When everyone is at the table. C．As soon as you are hungry. 25．What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A．Learn to speak their language. B．Prepare some special presents. C．Learn about their table manners. 提｜升｜练｜习 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 1．Where did Alex read about table manners? A．In a magazine. B．On a website. C．In a newspaper. 2．In which situation can you make some noise in Japan? A．When eating noodles. B．When drinking water. C．When having ice cream. 3．What do people in England think of putting a knife in the mouth? A．It’s funny. B．It’s boring. C．It’s impolite. 4．When can you start eating in England? A．After you get the food. B．When everyone is at the table. C．As soon as you are hungry. 5．What does Alex advise you to do before travelling to another country? A．Learn to speak their language. B．Prepare some special presents. C．Learn about their table manners. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 6．Where is Jane’s uncle’s farm? A．Near her home. B．Far away from her school. C．Far away from her home. 7．What animal is mentioned in the passage? A．Horses. B．Pigs. C．Sheep. 8．Why do they like reading on the farm? A．It is quiet there. B．They can enjoy clean air. C．They can watch the animals. 9．What do they like doing in winter? A．Skating. B．Swimming. C．Fishing. 10．What does her uncle cook for them? A．Farm animals’ meat. B．Fish. C．Farm vegetables. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 11．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 12．What will create air pollution? A．Using chemicals. B．Putting rubbish into the land. C．Burning gas, oil and coal. 13．What can air pollution cause? A．It can cause breathing problems. B．It can create much litter. C．It can make people deaf. 14．What kind of pollution may cause high blood pressure? A．Air pollution. B．Noise pollution. C．Light pollution. 15．What does the speaker want to tell us? A．There are many kinds of pollution. B．What pollution is. C．To protect our environment. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 16．Where was Helen’s hometown? A．In the north of America. B．In the south of America. C．In the west of America. 17．How was Helen when she was born? A．She was all right. B．She couldn’t see or hear anything. C．She couldn’t learn to say any words. 18．Who were worried about Helen a lot? A．Her grandparents. B．Her parents. C．Her mother. 19．When did Miss Sullivan come into Helen’s life? A．When Helen was nearly five. B．When Helen was nearly six. C．When Helen was nearly seven. 20．What did Helen become? A．A speaker. B．A reporter. C．A writer. 听一篇短文，回答下面五个小题。 21．What did Mrs. Lee do one summer afternoon? A．She went to a supermarket. B．She went to the cinema. C．She went to sell ice creams. 22．Why did Mrs. Lee want to buy an ice cream? A．She felt hot. B．She felt hungry. C．She felt cold. 23．Who was selling cold drinks? A．Mr. Lee. B．A boy. C．A girl. 24．How much does an ice cream cost in the story? A．One dollar. B．Two dollars. C．Three dollars. 25．Why did Mrs. Lee pay one dollar for the boy? A．Because she was the boy’s mother. B．Because she knew the boy well. C．Because she thought the boy was funny. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $