精品解析：北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题

北京市第八十中学2025——2026学年第一学期期中考试高一英语 班级 姓名 考号 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节， 30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, ____2____, all that changed when I was given the ____3____ to test a new robotic hand. Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and ____4____ very small things, like pens and pencils. More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure, just like a ____7____ hand. Over the past three months I have been testing out the ____8____ of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more ____9____ when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so _____10_____ for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up. 1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important 2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover 3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method 4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford 5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously 6 A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling 7. A. new B. real C. special D. strong 8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors 9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious 10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. The school was much smaller than he ____11____ (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____12____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so ____13____ (challenge) that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways ____14____ (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement ____15____ skills were not recognized by the coach. Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul ____16____ (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time to shine. He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn’t even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match ____17____ two points. The crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Long-distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set ____18____ (achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling ____19____(stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than ____20____ (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end. 第二部分 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Various Apps to Learn Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you. Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at, or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http://opencom/khan. BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It’s free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After you’ve watched it, you can take a test to see how much you’ve learned. Udemy is a “learn on demand” website and app. It is for career- oriented individuals to start their course pricing at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring (重复的) payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end. Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. You’ll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them. You’ll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants! 21. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed? A. Khan Academy and Udemy. B. Udemy and Duolingo C. Khan Academy and BrainPOP. D. BrainPOP and Duolingo 22. What can Duolingo offer its users? A. Subjects reviewing. B. Speaking practice C. Technical support. D. Career training 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To compare the difference of different learning methods. B. To introduce the development of learning technology, C. To help find the suitable learning apps. D. To provide various learning activities. B Evangeline Iarossi is a softball (垒球) player from Tampa Florida. She played with a softball league, but her community faced several problems. One of them was a lack of available fields for practices and games. Her local league had some baseball fields, but only one softball field was available. That meant many of her practices were canceled. When the baseball teams needed room, they’d often take over the softball field, making it even harder to practice and play. Iarossi’s team would end up on a T-ball field. “A lot of girls don’t get practice, and they are dropping out,” she said. “When they couldn’t practice because they couldn’t get on the fields, they didn’t improve and finally quit because it was not fun for them anymore.” Instead of letting others deal with the problem, Iarossi decided to send a handwritten note to the city’s leader, who was a basketball star at the University of Tampa. Her goal was to get support for the cause, but it did much more. Her note inspired the city’s government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone. “I said it’s not the 1800s anymore,” Iarossi commented. “Girls would like to play sports too.” It even led to an appearance on a well-known show to discuss her efforts. “I hope that all girls get to play softball, and that it’s just fair for all in sports.” 24. Why did many of the girl softball players give up halfway? A. They were afraid of getting on the fields. B. They found it hard to play softball well. C. They were prevented by the local league. D. They lacked practice fields. 25. Who helped Iarossi solve the problem? A. The University of Tampa. B. The local community. C. An entertainment company. D. A basketball star. 26. Which words can best describe Iarossi? A. Modest and honest. B. Helpful and responsible. C. Quiet and intelligent. D. Friendly and humorous. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Win Support for Girls’ Play Opportunities. B. Call for Fairness in All Sports. C. Public Support Is the Key to Success. D. Practice Makes Perfect. C Earlier findings about sharks have shown that they could learn skills from each other. Recently, Vera Schluessel at the University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well 12 bamboo sharks could recognize (认出) different numbers of objects. Each shark was put in a training pool with pictures of two different groups of geometric (几何图形的) shapes projected onto a wall The team then cycled through at least 40 objects of different shapes and shades to ensure the sharks weren’t simply picking up on the darkness of the objects or the area of wall they covered. Around half the sharks learned to reliably press their nose against the image with the most objects, after which they were rewarded with food. These sharks only seemed able to pick out the bigger group if it contained at least two more objects than the smaller one. This may be because the difference between six and seven fish or predators (捕食者) is unimportant in the wild, says Schluessel. The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence (智力). Sharks join a growing number of animals that have been discovered to have similar skills at distinguishing quantities, including black bears, guppies and rhesus monkeys. In one experiment, dogs and wolves were able to reliably pick the larger of two groups. But dogs could only do so when one of the groups had far more objects. Some shark species are social learners and can perform a task in a tank more quickly if they watch another shark that has already been trained to do it. This challenges the image of sharks as mindless, solitary creatures. Just like humans, sharks learn from their own experiences and failures. And just as we do, sharks can learn from each other’s experiences too, says Catarina Vila Pouca at Macquarie University in Australia. “Being able to learn from others is enormously beneficial. Not only does it save time, but watching another shark’s success at feeding or failure to escape predators could be a matter of life or death.” Schluessel and her colleagues have also previously found that bamboo sharks have an advanced ability to recognize categories , such as snails or fish, enabling them to get a treat even if pictures look remarkably similar. This is similar to our ability to look at a goldfish and a salmon and know that they are the same type of thing, even though one is 30 times the size of the other. 28. What can we learn about the sharks in the recent research? A. They are trained to recognize the shapes. B. They are capable of telling more from less. C. They can identify objects due to the rewards. D. They are no better than dogs in telling numbers. 29. What does the underlined word “solitary” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Selfish. B. Lonely. C. Risky. D. Lazy. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show how sharks learn from each other. B. To explain how sharks and humans are alike. C. To prove that sharks are smarter than they look. D. To present the importance of numbers for sharks. D Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success. Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well. The first castles were made from earth and wood and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access. During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles. The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times. 31. What was the original function of castles according to the passage? A. They served as tourist attractions. B. They were built for use in emergencies. C. They marked religious ceremonies. D. They were important social centers. 32. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that ________. A. stone castles cost less money B wooden castles were uncomfortable C. stone castles offered better defense D. wooden castles took a long time to build 33. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses? A. Castles were totally separated by stones. B. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor. C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers. D. Arrow-slits were made in large quantities. 34. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To describe the process of building castles in different materials B. To explain why palaces are less defensive than castles C. To discuss the impact of gunpowder on the construction of castles D. To introduce a history of castles and its rise and fall 第三部分 词汇 词块(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分) 用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次。 addict; inspire; remind; in case; prohibit; relieve; rather than; keep up with; occupy; astonish 35. It is difficult ________ the rapid pace of change. 36. I prefer to play sports with friends ________ exercise by myself. 37. Zhang Tian had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he ________ by them to go and teach where he was needed most. 38. My parents are worried that I may become ________ to the Internet, because I’m playing computer games all the time. 39. Since the new shopping mall nearby opened, a temporary parking lot ________ our old neighborhood’s small park — a place that used to be quiet for kids to play. 40. Can you ________ me to buy milk on the way home? We’ve run out, and dad will want it for his coffee tomorrow. 41. Sometimes a city or town ________ bicycling on sidewalks but makes exceptions for children under a certain age. 42. This medicine can provide ________ from pain for those who suffer from headaches. 43. Lily opened the door, and her ________ expression — wide eyes, dropped jaw — made everyone laugh when she saw her friends with the birthday cake. 44. Take this medicine with you ________ you have a headache on the trip. 第四部分 书面表达(共两节， 32分) 第一节 阅读与表达(共4 小题;第45、46题各2分， 47题3分， 48题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 45. What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作(20分) 49. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim来信询问你校开展体育活动的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你校开展的体育活动； 2. 给学生带来的益处。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第八十中学2025——2026学年第一学期期中考试高一英语 班级 姓名 考号 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节， 30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, ____2____, all that changed when I was given the ____3____ to test a new robotic hand. Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and ____4____ very small things, like pens and pencils. More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure, just like a ____7____ hand. Over the past three months I have been testing out the ____8____ of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more ____9____ when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so _____10_____ for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up. 1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important 2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover 3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method 4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford 5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously 6. A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling 7. A. new B. real C. special D. strong 8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors 9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious 10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次车祸中失去了右手，刚开始装备的假手不是很好用，后来，作者有机会测试一种新的机械手，他感觉就像是用真手一样，增加了自信，并且感激机械手为自己打开了所有新的可能性。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难。A. strange奇怪的；B. simple简单的；C. interesting有趣的；D. important重要的。根据“like getting dressed”可知，穿衣服是很简单的事。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一种新的机械手时，一切都改变了。A. however然而；B. instead代替，反而；C. thus因此；D. moreover此外。根据上文“Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult.”可知，甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难，而下文中又提到“一切都改变了”，由此可知，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。 3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. space空间；B. power权力，力量；C. chance机会；D. method方法。根据“to test a new robotic hand.”可知，作者得到了一个测试机械手的机会。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这只新手，我可以移动我的手指，抓住非常小的东西，比如钢笔和铅笔。A. grasp理解，抓住；B. draw画画；C. balance平衡；D. afford付得起。根据“like pens and pencils”可知，这只机械手可以帮助作者抓住像钢笔和铅笔这种小东西。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像一只真正的手一样。A. casually随意地；B. amazingly令人惊讶地；C. obviously明显地；D. seriously严重地。根据“it constantly surprises me”可知，这只机械手的功能让作者感到惊讶。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. examining检查；B. touching接触；C. reaching到达；D. feeling感觉。根据“varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. new新的；B. real真正的；C. special特别的；D. strong强壮的。根据“More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试我的新手的极限，它不断地让我惊讶。A. limits限制；B. ways方法；C. rules规则；D. behaviors行为。根据“I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand.”可知，作者一直在测试新手的极限，最后重获了以前的爱好。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅可以做得更多，而且当我和朋友出去玩的时候，我也会感到更自信。A. curious好奇的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. confident自信的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据“just like a ____7____ hand.”可知，感觉自己的机械手像真的手一样，作者恢复了自信。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我很感激我的机械手为我打开了所有新的可能性。A. suitable合适的；B. regretful后悔的；C. responsible负责任的；D. grateful感激的。根据“all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up”可知，作者为机械手给自己生活带来的新的可能性表示感谢。故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. The school was much smaller than he ____11____ (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____12____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so ____13____ (challenge) that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways ____14____ (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end. 【答案】11. had expected 12. which##that 13. challenging 14. to deal 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了张天满怀期待前往乡村，却发现当地学校规模小、条件简陋，乡村生活也充满挑战，他曾有过离开的念头，但最终选择坚持并克服困难，最终收获回报的经历。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：这所学校比他预想的小得多，只有三间教室。根据空前句中为一般过去时的“lived up to”和语境可知，“预想”发生在“发现学校小”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had expected。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：教室前面有一个操场，刮风天会积满灰尘，下雨天会变得泥泞。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是“a playground”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which/that。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：乡村生活如此有挑战性，以至于他脑海中曾闪过离开的念头，但他很快放弃了这个想法，并找到了应对挑战的方法。根据空格前的“was so”可知，此处应用challenge的形容词形式challenging作表语，意为“有挑战性的”，修饰表事物的“living in the village”。故填challenging。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“ways to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，所以此处应用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰“ways”。故填to deal。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement ____15____ skills were not recognized by the coach. Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul ____16____ (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time to shine. He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn’t even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match ____17____ two points. The crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering. 【答案】15. whose 16. was put 17. by 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了校篮球队的保罗原本只是一名技术未被教练认可的替补队员，在一次比赛中因队友受伤替补上场，凭借出色表现帮助球队以两分优势获胜，赢得全场欢呼的故事。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在学校篮球队里，保罗曾经只是个替补队员，他的技术没有得到教练的认可。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是“a replacement”，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“skills”，表示所属关系，即“替补队员的技术”，应用关系代词whose来引导。故填whose。 【16题详解】 考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：后来在一场比赛中，当一名队员不小心膝盖受伤时，保罗被派上了场。根据前文“accidentally hurt his knee”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语“Paul”与“put”之间为被动关系，即被派上场，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was put。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：最后，保罗帮助球队以两分优势赢得了比赛。表示“以……（分数、差额）获胜”，应用介词by，此处“by two points”意为“以两分优势”，符合语境。故填by。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Long-distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set ____18____ (achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling ____19____(stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than ____20____ (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end. 【答案】18. achievable 19. stressed 20. realizing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了长跑的一些建议。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：设定可实现的目标。空处修饰后面的名词goals，应用形容词。这里表示可实现的目标，achievable意为“可实现的”。故填achievable。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果你感到有压力，你一定要去跑步。空处用形容词，作feeling的表语。主语是you，所以用stressed，意为“紧张的，焦虑的”。故填stressed。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更能让你感到满足的了。本句是比较级结构，比较对象是主语Nothing和than后面的部分，所以应用动名词形式。故填realizing。 第二部分 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Various Apps to Learn Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you. Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at, or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http://opencom/khan. BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It’s free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After you’ve watched it, you can take a test to see how much you’ve learned. Udemy is a “learn on demand” website and app. It is for career- oriented individuals to start their course pricing at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring (重复的) payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end. Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. You’ll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them. You’ll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants! 21. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed? A. Khan Academy and Udemy. B. Udemy and Duolingo C. Khan Academy and BrainPOP. D. BrainPOP and Duolingo 22. What can Duolingo offer its users? A. Subjects reviewing. B. Speaking practice C. Technical support. D. Career training 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To compare the difference of different learning methods. B. To introduce the development of learning technology, C. To help find the suitable learning apps. D. To provide various learning activities. 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个语言学习的应用程序。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace.(这个应用程序的真正神奇之处在于，你可以按照自己的节奏学习)”以及第四段“This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end.(这款灵活的学习应用程序允许您在完全控制的情况下，缓慢、快速或介于两者之间)”可知，可汗学院和Udemy可以让你以你的速度学习。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“You’ll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them.(你不仅会被邀请去读新单词，还会被邀请去说它们)”可知，Duolingo能为用户提供口语练习。故选B。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn? Here are some great ideas for you.(应用程序是典型的数字学习工具，它可以为你提供多样化和个性化的内容，以满足你的需求。想找一个可以帮助你学习的应用程序吗？这里有一些给你的好主意)”结合文章主要介绍了四个语言学习的应用程序。可知，文章的目的是帮助找到合适的学习应用。故选C。 B Evangeline Iarossi is a softball (垒球) player from Tampa, Florida. She played with a softball league, but her community faced several problems. One of them was a lack of available fields for practices and games. Her local league had some baseball fields, but only one softball field was available. That meant many of her practices were canceled. When the baseball teams needed room, they’d often take over the softball field, making it even harder to practice and play. Iarossi’s team would end up on a T-ball field. “A lot of girls don’t get practice, and they are dropping out,” she said. “When they couldn’t practice because they couldn’t get on the fields, they didn’t improve and finally quit because it was not fun for them anymore.” Instead of letting others deal with the problem, Iarossi decided to send a handwritten note to the city’s leader, who was a basketball star at the University of Tampa. Her goal was to get support for the cause, but it did much more. Her note inspired the city’s government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone. “I said it’s not the 1800s anymore,” Iarossi commented. “Girls would like to play sports too.” It even led to an appearance on a well-known show to discuss her efforts. “I hope that all girls get to play softball, and that it’s just fair for all in sports.” 24. Why did many of the girl softball players give up halfway? A. They were afraid of getting on the fields. B. They found it hard to play softball well. C. They were prevented by the local league. D. They lacked practice fields. 25. Who helped Iarossi solve the problem? A. The University of Tampa. B. The local community. C. An entertainment company. D. A basketball star. 26. Which words can best describe Iarossi? A. Modest and honest. B. Helpful and responsible. C. Quiet and intelligent. D. Friendly and humorous. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Win Support for Girls’ Play Opportunities. B. Call for Fairness in All Sports. C. Public Support Is the Key to Success. D. Practice Makes Perfect. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Evangeline Iarossi通过自己的努力为女垒球员争取到更多练习场地的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““A lot of girls don’t get practice, and they are dropping out,” she said. “When they couldn’t practice because they couldn’t get on the fields, they didn’t improve and finally quit because it was not fun for them anymore.”(她说：“很多女孩没有得到练习的机会，她们因此放弃了。当她们因为无法上场训练而不能提高时，最终因为不再觉得有趣而选择了退出。”)”可知，许多女孩因为缺乏练习场地而放弃了垒球运动。故选D。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her note inspired the city’s government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone.(她的信启发了市政府从一家娱乐公司获取资金，建设更多对所有人开放的场地)”可知，一家娱乐公司帮助了Iarossi解决了问题。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容及第三段中“Instead of letting others deal with the problem, Iarossi decided to send a handwritten note to the city’s leader, who was a basketball star at the University of Tampa. Her goal was to get support for the cause, but it did much more. Her note inspired the city’s government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone.(Iarossi没有选择让别人来解决这个问题，而是决定给市领导写了一封手写的信。这位市领导曾是坦帕大学的篮球明星。她的目标是为这项事业争取支持，但这封信做得更多。她的信启发了市政府从一家娱乐公司获得了资金，用于建设更多对所有人开放的场地)”可知，Iarossi主动给城市领导写信，争取支持，并最终成功解决了场地问题。这体现了她乐于帮助他人和有责任感。故选B。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Iarossi如何通过自己的努力为女子垒球运动员争取到更多的练习和比赛场地的故事。因此，选项A“为女孩争取运动机会的支持”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 C Earlier findings about sharks have shown that they could learn skills from each other. Recently, Vera Schluessel at the University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well 12 bamboo sharks could recognize (认出) different numbers of objects. Each shark was put in a training pool with pictures of two different groups of geometric (几何图形的) shapes projected onto a wall The team then cycled through at least 40 objects of different shapes and shades to ensure the sharks weren’t simply picking up on the darkness of the objects or the area of wall they covered. Around half the sharks learned to reliably press their nose against the image with the most objects, after which they were rewarded with food. These sharks only seemed able to pick out the bigger group if it contained at least two more objects than the smaller one. This may be because the difference between six and seven fish or predators (捕食者) is unimportant in the wild, says Schluessel. The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence (智力). Sharks join a growing number of animals that have been discovered to have similar skills at distinguishing quantities, including black bears, guppies and rhesus monkeys. In one experiment, dogs and wolves were able to reliably pick the larger of two groups. But dogs could only do so when one of the groups had far more objects. Some shark species are social learners and can perform a task in a tank more quickly if they watch another shark that has already been trained to do it. This challenges the image of sharks as mindless, solitary creatures. Just like humans, sharks learn from their own experiences and failures. And just as we do, sharks can learn from each other’s experiences too, says Catarina Vila Pouca at Macquarie University in Australia. “Being able to learn from others is enormously beneficial. Not only does it save time, but watching another shark’s success at feeding or failure to escape predators could be a matter of life or death.” Schluessel and her colleagues have also previously found that bamboo sharks have an advanced ability to recognize categories , such as snails or fish, enabling them to get a treat even if pictures look remarkably similar. This is similar to our ability to look at a goldfish and a salmon and know that they are the same type of thing, even though one is 30 times the size of the other. 28. What can we learn about the sharks in the recent research? A. They are trained to recognize the shapes. B. They are capable of telling more from less. C. They can identify objects due to the rewards. D. They are no better than dogs in telling numbers. 29. What does the underlined word “solitary” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Selfish. B. Lonely. C. Risky. D. Lazy. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show how sharks learn from each other. B. To explain how sharks and humans are alike. C. To prove that sharks are smarter than they look. D. To present the importance of numbers for sharks. 【答案】28. B 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，  The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence ( 智力 ).鲨鱼有识别不同数量物体的能力。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Around half the sharks learned to reliably press their nose against the image with the most objects, after which they were rewarded with food. These sharks only seemed able to pick out the bigger group if it contained at least two more objects than the smaller one.(大约一半的鲨鱼学会了将鼻子可靠地贴在物体最多的图像上，之后它们就会得到食物奖励。较多图像这组比较小这组至少多两个图像时，这些鲨鱼似乎才能识别出较大的这组图像)”可知，鲨鱼能够区别出多和少。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Some shark species are social learners and can perform a task in a tank more quickly if they watch another shark that has already been trained to do it. (一些鲨鱼物种是社会学习者，如果它们观察另一条已经接受过训练的鲨鱼，它们可以更快地在水箱中执行任务)”和下文“Just like humans, sharks learn from their own experiences and failures. (就像人类一样，鲨鱼从自己的经历和失败中学习)”可知，鲨鱼是社会学习者，并不是独居生物，它们是有意识的，会从别的已经接受过训练的鲨鱼身上学到一些东西。由此可推知，鲨鱼并不是无意识、孤独的生物，划线单词solitary意为“孤独的”，与B项“Lonely.(孤独的)”意思一样，故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Earlier findings about sharks have shown that they could learn skills from each other. Recently, Vera Schluessel at the University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well 12 bamboo sharks could recognize (认出) different numbers of objects.(早期关于鲨鱼的研究结果表明，它们可以互相学习技能。最近，德国波恩大学的Vera Schluessel和她的同事对 12 只竹鲨识别不同数量物体的能力进行了研究。)”和第二段的“The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence (智力).(并非所有的鲨鱼都学会了如何完成这项任务，可能是因为它们和所有动物一样，在智力上存在差异)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究表明，鲨鱼有识别不同数量物体的能力，鲨鱼是聪明的、社交复杂的动物，由此推知，文章的主要目的是证明鲨鱼比它们看起来要聪明。故选C。 D Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success. Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well. The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access. During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles. The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times. 31. What was the original function of castles according to the passage? A. They served as tourist attractions. B. They were built for use in emergencies. C. They marked religious ceremonies. D. They were important social centers. 32. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that ________. A. stone castles cost less money B. wooden castles were uncomfortable C. stone castles offered better defense D. wooden castles took a long time to build 33 Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses? A. Castles were totally separated by stones. B. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor. C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers. D. Arrow-slits were made in large quantities. 34 What is the main idea of the passage? A To describe the process of building castles in different materials B. To explain why palaces are less defensive than castles C. To discuss the impact of gunpowder on the construction of castles D. To introduce a history of castles and its rise and fall 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲城堡的历史及其兴衰。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well. (城堡最初是由诺曼人于1066年在英格兰建造的。他们修建了塔楼和城墙，以保卫他们夺取的土地。这些城堡为诺曼人提供了一个安静且安全的地方。它们还充当了进攻行动的基地。通过这种方式，城堡既起到了防御作用，也起到了进攻作用。此外，城堡还充当了统治者的办公场所。那些社会地位低于统治者的人会前来汇报事务并表达敬意。他们会在城堡里解决问题、处理事务、举办宴会和享受庆典。因此，城堡也充当了社交中心)”可知，城堡最初的功能包括防御、进攻基地、行政办公场所，同时也是重要的社交中心。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. (最早的城堡是用泥土和木头建造的，它们很容易遭到火攻。后来，木制城堡逐渐被石头城堡取代，这大大增强了这些塔楼和城墙的坚固程度)”可知，木制城堡被石制城堡取代的原因是石制城堡提供了更好的防御。故选C项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access. (然而，攻击者可以通过窗户向城堡内投掷燃烧物，或者烧毁木门。这导致将窗户和入口从底层移到一楼，使其更难进入)”可知，将窗户和入口移到更高楼层，是为了抵御攻击者通过这些部位入侵，是城堡防御的改进。故选B项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章依次介绍了城堡的起源、原始功能、材料演变、防御设施升级以及衰落原因，核心是“To introduce a history of castles and its rise and fall (介绍城堡的历史及其兴衰)”。故选D项。 第三部分 词汇 词块(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分) 用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次。 addict; inspire; remind; in case; prohibit; relieve; rather than; keep up with; occupy; astonish 35. It is difficult ________ the rapid pace of change. 36. I prefer to play sports with friends ________ exercise by myself. 37. Zhang Tian had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he ________ by them to go and teach where he was needed most. 38. My parents are worried that I may become ________ to the Internet, because I’m playing computer games all the time. 39. Since the new shopping mall nearby opened, a temporary parking lot ________ our old neighborhood’s small park — a place that used to be quiet for kids to play. 40. Can you ________ me to buy milk on the way home? We’ve run out, and dad will want it for his coffee tomorrow. 41. Sometimes a city or town ________ bicycling on sidewalks but makes exceptions for children under a certain age. 42. This medicine can provide ________ from pain for those who suffer from headaches. 43. Lily opened the door, and her ________ expression — wide eyes, dropped jaw — made everyone laugh when she saw her friends with the birthday cake. 44. Take this medicine with you ________ you have a headache on the trip. 【答案】35. to keep up with 36. rather than 37. was inspired 38. addicted 39. has occupied 40. remind 41. prohibits 42. relief 43. astonished 44. in case 【解析】 【35题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：很难跟上快速的变化节奏。结合句意，此处表示“跟上、保持同步”，应使用短语keep up with，“It is difficult to do sth”为固定句型，空处需用动词不定式形式。故填to keep up with。 【36题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：我更喜欢和朋友一起做运动，而不是自己锻炼。结合句意，此处表示“而不是”，应使用短语rather than，用于对比两种选择。故填rather than。 【37题详解】 考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：张天在早年求学时遇到过来自小村庄的优秀教师，他受到他们的启发，决定去最需要他的地方教书。结合句意，此处表示“受到启发”，应用动词inspire，主语he与inspire为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was inspired。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我父母担心我可能会沉迷于网络，因为我一直都在玩电脑游戏。结合句意，此处表示“沉迷于……的”，应使用动词addict的形容词形式addicted，“become addicted to”为固定搭配，意为“沉迷于……”。故填addicted。 【39题详解】 考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从附近的新购物中心开业以来，我们老小区的小公园就被一个临时停车场占用了 —— 那个地方以前是孩子们安静玩耍的地方。结合句意，此处表示“占用”，应用动词occupy，且根据“since”引导的时间状语从句可知，此处强调对现在造成的影响，主句应用现在完成时，主语“a temporary parking lot”为单数，助动词用has。故填has occupied。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：你能提醒我在回家的路上买牛奶吗？我们已经喝完了，爸爸明天喝咖啡会需要的。结合句意，此处表示“提醒”，应使用动词remind，空前有情态动词Can，用动词原形，“remind sb to do sth”为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”。故填remind。 【41题详解】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：有时某个城镇会禁止在人行道上骑自行车，但会对一定年龄以下的儿童例外。结合句意，此处表示“禁止”，应使用动词prohibit，根据空后but连接的并列谓语“makes”和语境可知，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语a city or town为单数，谓语动词prohibit用第三人称单数形式。故填prohibits。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种药可以缓解头痛患者的疼痛。结合句意，此处表示“缓解、减轻”，应使用动词relieve的名词形式relief，作provide的宾语，且为不可数名词。故填relief。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：莉莉打开门，当她看到朋友们拿着生日蛋糕时，她那惊讶的表情 —— 睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴 —— 让所有人都笑了。结合句意，此处表示“惊讶的”， 应使用动词astonish的形容词形式astonished作定语，来修饰人的表情。故填astonished。 【44题详解】 考查连词短语。句意：带上这种药，以防你在旅行中头痛。结合句意，此处表示“以防、万一”，应使用短语in case，引导目的状语从句。故填in case。 第四部分 书面表达(共两节， 32分) 第一节 阅读与表达(共4 小题;第45、46题各2分， 47题3分， 48题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 45. What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 46. The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 47. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 48. I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今，人们花在工作上的时间越来越多。然而，休息一段时间对恢复精神很重要。如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。 45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.”（如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。）可知，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森商学院的研究表明了把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。故答案为Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.”（度假的方式可能会产生奇迹的原因是：度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。）可知，度假方式会产生奇迹是因为度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。故答案为The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.”（研究人员控制了两组人可以花的钱。度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。）可知，When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.（当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假组比另一组更不快乐。）这项陈述中，“度假组比另一组更不快乐”这句话是错误的。正确的表述应为：当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。故答案为When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 【48题详解】 考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中““We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School.”（加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院(UCLA Anderson School)教授凯西·霍姆斯(Cassie Holmes)说：“我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，把周末当成假期，这让我们摆脱了连续不断的‘做’模式。”）以及题干的要求“你会怎么做才能在周末进入度假心态呢？并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我会把周末当成假期，这让我从心理上摆脱了连续不断的工作模式。因为我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，这可能会让我们感到紧张和有压力。故答案为I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 第二节 写作(20分) 49. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim来信询问你校开展体育活动的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你校开展的体育活动； 2. 给学生带来的益处。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to tell you about the sports activities at my school. We have various options to meet different interests: PE classes cover basic sports like running, basketball and badminton, while after-school clubs offer specialized training in football, swimming and table tennis. Every semester, the school also holds sports meets and inter-class matches that attract all students. These activities not only help us stay physically fit and relieve study pressure but also foster teamwork and perseverance. Playing with classmates teaches us to communicate better and support each other. I really enjoy the sports culture here, which makes our school life more colorful and balanced. How about sports activities in your school? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高一学生李华的身份，给英国笔友Jim写一封回信，回应其对学校体育活动情况的询问，内容需涵盖学校开展的体育活动及活动给学生带来的益处。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 各种各样的：various → diverse 涵盖：cover → include 培养：foster → develop 坚持：perseverance → persistence 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Playing with classmates teaches us to communicate better and support each other. 拓展句：Playing with classmates, who share the same passion for sports, teaches us to communicate better and support each other. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Every semester, the school also holds sports meets and inter-class matches that attract all students.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I really enjoy the sports culture here, which makes our school life more colorful and balanced.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $