内容正文:
Unit 1 Great explorations
Grammar
Karida
1
Learning objectives
To learn the Adverbial clauses of result.
To learn too … to and enough to.
Use the new grammar in different contexts. Cultivate students' analytical skills and divergent thinking abilities.
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1
so/such...that...
2
too...to
3
enough to
4
Practice
CONTENTS
2
so/such...that...
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Lead-in
用such或so填空
1. This is ____ a difficult Maths problem that nobody in my class can work it out.
2. My sister's hair is ____ long that it touches her waist.
3. He is ____ strong that he can lift the heavy box alone.
4. I live in ____ a noisy flat that I cannot sleep at night.
such
so
so
such
What do we call this kind of sentence?
——Adverbial clauses of result.
结果状语从句
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Before-learning
We can use so/such … that to talk about the result of an action or situation. These clauses are called adverbial clauses of result.
Grammar A Adverbial clauses of result
What’s the difference of “so...that” and “such...that”?
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Zheng He’s important voyages
They are still studied today.
Zheng He’s travels were very important.
Zheng He’s travels were so important that they are still studied today.
so…that 强调主语的状态;
体现前句的影响
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Zheng He’s important voyages
People still remember him today.
His voyages were a very huge achievement.
His voyages were such a huge achievement that people still remember him today.
such…that 强调主语的状态;
体现前句的影响
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Work out the rule
Before-learning
so
such
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While-learning
句型一:主语+谓语+so+adj/adv+that 从句
1. 这个小男孩跑得如此快以至于我赶不上他。
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.
2. 他如此生气以至于一句话都说不出来。
He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.
句型二:主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句
1. 昨天天气如此好,我们都出去野餐了。
It was so fine a day that we all went out to have a picnic.
2. 他是个如此调皮的孩子以至于他经常使他的父母陷入麻烦。
He is so naughty a boy that he always gets his parents into trouble.
so…that…如此…以至于… so 是副词常常用来修饰形容词和副词
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常用结构搭配和注意点
While-learning
缸里的水如此的少不够用。
There was so little water that it was not enough for all us to use.
有这么多的工作要做,每个人都感觉很厌烦了。
There is so much work to do that everyone feels bored.
常用结构搭配: 当名词前有many, little, few, much
等表示大小多少的词来修饰时,只能用so, 不能用such
注意: 当little 表示“ 小”修饰名词时,还要用such。
They are such little puppies that all the children love them very much.
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Such...that...用法解析
While-learning
such…that…如此…以至于… such 是用来修饰名词的。
句型一:主语+谓语+such+a/an+adj+单数名词+that 从句
1. 这是如此有趣的一本书,以至于大家都喜欢读。
It is such a good book that everyone likes to read it.
= It is so good a book that everyone likes to read it.
2. 这是很有趣的一部电影, 我看了两次。
This is such an interesting film that I saw it twice.
=This is so interesting an film that I saw it twice.
=主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句
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特殊用法
While-learning
句型二:主语+谓语+such+adj+名词复数+that 从句
1. 他的手臂如此的长几乎能够得到膝盖了。
He has such long arms that he could touch his knees.
句型三:主语+谓语+ such + adj.+不可数名词+that 从句
1. 这是如此好的一个消息,以至于我们听了都很激动。
It was such good news that we all felt excited after hearing it.
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While-learning
so … that /such … that用法小结
so
that
such that
adj. / adv.
many / few + 可数名词复数
much / little + 不可数名词
adj+a/an+可数名词单数
a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数
adj. + 可数名词复数
adj. + 不可数名词
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While-learning
A
The fleet of ships was huge.
The Silk Road was long.
The Pacific is a big ocean.
There were many men on the ship.
B
It passed through many countries.
It takes many days to cross it.
The ship’s cook was always busy.
People could see it from far away.
Join the sentences in column A and column B with so … that or such … that. (P7)
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While-learning
1. The fleet of ships was so huge that people could see it from far away.
2. The Silk Road was so long that it passed through many countries.
3. The Pacific is such a big ocean that it takes many days to cross it.
4. There were so many men on the ship that the ship’s cook was always busy.
Join the sentences in column A and column B with so … that or such … that. (P7)
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too...to
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too..to引导的是什么类型的句子?
Lead-in
It seemed that nowhere was too far for Zheng He to visit.
2. The train travelled too fast for us to see much outside the window.
too...to也可引导结果状语从句,但通常引导否定的结果状语从句。
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Grammar B too...to
Before-learning
We can use too ... to to talk about results. We sometimes add for + noun / pronoun before to-infinitives.
Things to remember
We can say “The food is too hot to eat” or “The food is too hot for me to eat”, but we do not say “The food is too hot to eat it”.
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The languages there were too difficult for them to understand them.
The languages there were too difficult for them to understand.
当句子的主语也是to do不定式的宾语时,通常不定式后可将宾语省略。
( √ )
(×)
Pay attention!
Some uncommon goods were too expensive for them to trade them.
Some uncommon goods were too expensive for them to trade.
( √ )
(×)
While-learning
Complete the following conversation with too … to and the words in brackets.
Mandy: Did you hear what the teacher said at the end of
the class?
Jason: No. I was 1)______________________(far
away/hear) her.
Mandy: She told us to hand in our homework on Friday,
so I need to talk to you about it.
Jason: Well, I’m afraid it’s 2)______________________
(noisy here/us/talk).
Mandy : Let’s go to the library then.
too far away to hear
too noisy here for us to talk
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While-learning
Complete the following conversation with too … to and the words in brackets.
Jason : It’s 3)______________(early/go) to the library. It isn’t open yet.
Mandy: Why don’t we just sit in the garden and talk here?
Jason: But it’s 4)__________________(cold/us/sit) outside. By the way,
what’s the topic of the homework?
Mandy: It’s a question: “Would you like to be a great explorer?”
Jason : My answer is “no”! I’m 5)________________ (afraid/explore) new places.
Mandy: Why? It must be so exciting to be an explorer!
too early to go
too cold for us to sit
too afraid to explore
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★有时,“too +形容词/副词+ to do sth.”也可与“so +形容词/副词+ that从句”相互转换。
Attention
她太穷了,买不起这么贵的衬衫。
She is too poor to afford such an expensive blouse.
= She is so poor that she can’t afford such an expensive blouse.
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enough to
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Lead-in
I’m very sleepy. I can’t do my homework.
My grandfather is very old. He can’t travel.
Annie is only 14, so she can’t vote.
I’m very strong. I can carry this heavy box.
I’m too sleepy to do my homework.
My grandfather is too old to travel. /
My grandfather is not young enough to travel.
Annie is too young to vote. / Annie is not old enough to vote.
I’m strong enough to carry this heavy box.
用too … to或enough to结构改写句子。
enough to 也可引导结果状语从句,且有时可以与too...to结构互换
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Before-learning
We can also use enough to to talk about results.
Grammar C enough to
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★“形容词/副词+ enough + to do sth.”意为“足够……可以做某事”。
While-learning
这条河足够深,能游泳吗?
Is the river deep enough to swim in?
★有时,“too +形容词/副词+ to do sth.”可与“not +形容词/副词+ enough + to do sth.”相互转换,两种结构中的形容词/副词互为反义词。
西蒙年龄太小,还不能上学。
Simon is too young to go to school.
= Simon is not old enough to go to school.
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Practice
C1.When are you old enough to do these things? Fill in the table below.
Activity Age Activity Age
choose your own clothes travel alone
stay at home alone learn to drive a car
have a part-time job live on your own
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以上三个句型的相互转换
拓展
too…to…
so…that…
not…enough to…
三个句型的相互转换:
他太小而不能上学。
He is too young to go to school.
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
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Practice
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Practice
1. 她是如此疲惫,以致于很快就睡着了。
She was ____ ____ ____ she fell asleep quickly.
2. 这是一本非常有趣的小说,以致于我读了三遍。
It was ______ ____ _________ novel that I read it three times.
3. 他跑得非常快,没人能追上他。
He runs ____ ____ ____ nobody can catch up with him.
4. 玛丽有如此多的工作要做,以致于她整天呆在办室。
Mary had ____ _____ _____ to do that she stayed in her office all day.
so tired that
such an interesting
so fast that
so much work
用so … that …或such … that …填空。
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将以下中文句子翻译成英文。
Practice
1. 这条河太深了,我们过不去。
The river is too deep for us to cross.
2. 我没有足够的勇气去阻止他做这件事。
I’m not brave enough to stop him from doing this.
3. 这是一本很好的书,我们都非常喜欢它。
This is such a good book that we all like it very much.
4. 有太多的工作要做,大家都感到很疲劳。
There is so much work to do that everybody feels
very tired.
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Thank you!
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