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八年级上册Unit 2知识点总结
1、 重点短语
1. get along with 和...和睦相处 the secret of ......的秘密
2. make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 tell stories of 讲述...的故事
3. agree with 同意某人的观点 agree to do 同意去做 disagree with 不同意某人的观点
4. have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing 做某事有问题/麻烦/困难
5. here and there 到处;处处 be away for a long time 离开很长一段时间
6. come back 回来 run away 逃跑;跑开
7. since then 自那之后 hear sb doing 听见某人正在做某事
8. at last 最后;最终 jump out of bed 快速起床
9. look outside 向外看 so...that... 如此...以至于...
10. cover...with... 用...覆盖... fly about 四处飞
11. knock down 撞倒;击倒 look afraid 看起来害怕
12. lead to 导致;通向 change one’s mind 改变主意/想法
13. either...or... 要么...要么...;或者...或者... shout at 冲某人大叫
14. hope to do 希望做某事 offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 提供给某人某物
15. plan to do 计划/打算做某事 give away 捐赠
16. make sb feel happy 使某人感到开心 enjoy doing 喜欢做某事
17. set up 创办;建立 social media 社交媒体
18. learn from 向...学习;从...中学到 on the right 在右边
19. attend social events 参加社交活动 find out 查明;弄清楚
20. discuss doing sth 讨论做某事 at the weekend 在周末
21. feel like 感觉像;想要 be excited about 对...感到兴奋/激动
22. ride the roller coaster 乘坐过山车 What if...? 如果...怎么办?
23. be afraid of 害怕... please others 取悦他人
24. respect sb’s feelings 尊重某人的感受 comfort sb 安慰某人
25. be busy with 忙于某事 keep doing 坚持做;一直做
26. have a problem with sb 和某人有矛盾 Why not do...? 为什么不做...?
27. reach agreement 达成一致 argue over 为...争论
28. give up 放弃 dividing line 分界线;界限
29. nothing special most of 大多数
30. write sb a letter=write a letter to sb 给某人写信 ask for advice 寻求建议
31. continue to do 继续做 feel ashamed 感觉羞愧
32. step back 后退;退一步 in return 作为回报
33. decide to do 决定做某事 hundreds of 数以百计
34. keep...in mind 记住;牢记 walk down 沿着...走
35. encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做某事 argue about 因为...而争吵
36. with the help of 在...的帮助下 the importance of ...的重要性
37. focus on 关注 for a long time 很长一段时间
外研社八上 知识点总结
38. disagree about 在...方面意见不一致 choose to do 选择做某事
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2、 重点句型
1. Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars.
草地上到处都是漂亮的花朵,像星星一样散落其中。
【解析】(1) 英语中为了强调句子的某个成分或者保持句子的平衡,有时会把状语和谓语全部放在主语前面。例如:
Under the tree sat an old man. 一位老人坐在树下。
On the bed lies a child. 床上躺着一个孩子。
(2) here and there意为“到处,各处;零散地”。例如:
She left her toys here and there. 她把玩具丢得四处都是。
2.“I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year,” says the Giant. “I hope the weather changes soon.”
“我不明白为什么去年以来,春天就不来了。”巨人说,“希望天气能尽快变好。”
【解析】①hope意为“希望,期望,指望”。例如:
I hope everything is okay. 我希望一切顺利。
②hope后面也可以接动词不定式。例如:
Amy hopes to be a teacher. Amy希望成为一名教师。
3. But spring never comes, nor summer. 但是春天没有来,夏天也没有来。
【解析】nor用于否定陈述后添加另一个否定陈述,意为“也不”。nor summer是省略句,完整的结构应该是nor does summer come。
4. I haven’t heard that beautiful birdsong for a while.
我已经有段时间没听过如此美妙的鸟鸣了。
【解析】句中that作副词用,用于强调后面形容词beautiful的程度,意为“那么”。例如:
She didn’t think the test would be that difficult. 她没想到这个测试会那么难。
5. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.
树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。
【解析】so… that…意为“如此 …… 以至于 …… ”。例如:
He was so tired that he fell asleep very quickly. 他累得马上就睡着了。
She sang so well that everyone knew her name. 她唱歌非常好听,家喻户晓。
6. And so came the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses.
于是,两家之间便形成了一条六尺宽的小巷。
【解析】这句话主语比较长,为防止句子头重脚轻,谓语came提到了主语the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses前面。英文中有些句子没有宾语,且主语较长,可以把状语提前,而把主语放到谓语后面。例如:
On the table stood two glasses and an empty bottle. 桌上有两个玻璃杯和一个空瓶子。
3、 单元语法
现在完成时(2)
要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在,我们也可以借助现在完成时。通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,这类状语通常由for或since引导。需要注意的是,for后接一段时间,如for a long time,for five years等;而since后多接时间点,如since August 2023,since yesterday,since two o,clock等。在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,我们常用how long。例如:
We have played football for a year now. 我们现在已经踢了一年的足球了。
I have been like this since Friday. 从周五开始我就一直这样
How long have you had the dog? 这条狗你养了多久了?
How long have you played football? 你踢足球踢了多长时间了?
【注意】在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用;而表示动作已经完成时,动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例如:
Tom has been here for two hours. Tom已经来了两小时了。
Tom has just come. Tom刚到。
除表示持续至今的行为或状态外,现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。例如:
I have learnt 20 English songs. 我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。
I have collected 300 stamps. 我已经收集了300枚邮票。
四、单元写作
【单元话题】“与人相处” 【时态】一般现在时
【范文赏析】
Dear Betty.
I am sorry to hear that you have problems at the new school. I understand your feeling. Don't worry, I can help you. Here is some advice.(开头:表达理解之情,并引出下文。)
First, you should be kind to others. People enjoy making friends with people who are nice to them. Second, be ready to help others. If you give a hand when others need help, they will help you when you are in trouble. Third, remember to smile at everyone every day. If you smile at others, you
are sure to get a smile back. Last but not least, why not join in more activities after school? They can provide you with a chance to make friends.(中间:提出建议)
I hope that my advice will help you and that you can make new friends soon.(结尾:表达期望)
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