内容正文:
中考英语词汇
The concert hall is empty.音乐厅里空无一人。
H
hamburger/hemb3gs(r)/n.汉堡包
hand/hend/n.手v.递;给
词汇用法
habit/hbt/n.习惯;习性
①hand用作名词为可数名词,意为“手”。如:
固定猫语
I got up at 6 o'clock in the morning,and quickly
washed my hands and face.我早晨6点钟起床,然
break away from a habit改掉一个习惯
后很快地去洗手和脸。
break the habit of改掉…的习惯
②hand可以用作及物动词,意为“递给,交付”。
get into the habit of养成…的习惯
如:
eating habit饮食习惯
Please hand me the newspaper..请把报纸递给我。
名合鲁句
固定短语
Old habits die hard.旧习难改。
hand in hand手牵手
中考真题
at hand在手边
B )She gets up early every morning.It's a good
by hand用手工
give sb.a hand给予某人帮助
A.book
B.habit
on the one hand,on the other(hand)一方面,另
C.tool
D.day
一方面
hand over移交
hair/hea(r)/n.毛发;头发
hand out分发
派生同汇
hand in上交
haircut(n.)理发,发型
hand up举起手来
half/haf/pmon.&ad.半数;一半的n.一半
handbag/hendbg/n.(女用)手提包,手
词汇用法
提袋
She bought a beautiful handbag from the shop just
①half用作代词,常与介词of搭配,表示“某物的
ow.她刚才从这个商店买了一个漂亮的手提包。
一半”。谓语动词用单数还是复数根据half of
后的名词来决定。如:
handsome/haensam/adj.(男)英俊的
Half of the students are already here.有一半
Handsome is as handsome does..行为美才是真
的学生已经来了。
的美。
②half用作形容词,意为“一半的”。half an hour
hang/hen/v.悬挂(hung,hung);(被)绞死,
半个小时。如:
(被)吊死(hanged,hanged)
I have been in Beijing for half a year.我来北
固定短语
京半年了。
hang on等等,且慢
3half用作名词,意为“一半”。如:
hang up挂断电话
An hour and a half is allowed for the exam.
hang out闲逛
试时间为一个半小时。
hang over悬挂
名信警句
中考真题
A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功
A )-Thanks a lot for yesterday.I had a good
的一半。
time visiting the ancient town.
hall/h/m.会堂;大厅;走廊
-It was my great pleasure to
81
中考英语词沈
with you
词汇用法
A.hang out
B.turn around
①hardly表示“几乎不;几乎没有”的意思,含有否
C.look up
D.eat in
定意味,在句中位于实义动词之前,助动词或系
happen/'hep3n/v.(偶然)发生
动词之后。如:
词语辨析
I could hardly hear the speaker..我几乎听不到
happen与take place
演说者的声音。
二者均有“发生”之意,都是不及物动词,都没
②当hardly位于句首时,句子要倒装。如:
有被动语态;由于二者均为瞬间动词,所以它
Hardly did I believe what you said.I hardly
们也不能与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。
believed what you said.我几乎不相信你说
(l)happen指偶然的、没有预料的“发生”,其
的话。
结果往往给人带来不幸或麻烦。如:
③在反意疑问句中,陈述句部分含有hardly等表
The accident happened yesterday evening.
示否定意义的词时,其反意疑问部分要用肯定
这个事故发生在昨天晚上。
形式。如:
(2)happen to sb./sth.指某人或某物发生什
He can hardly speak English,can he?他几乎
么事。如:
不会说英语,是吗?
What happened to you last night?昨天晚
固定短语
上你发生什么事了?
hardly ever几乎从不
(3)happen to do sth.指碰巧做某事。如:
I happened to see him in the street yester-
中考真题
day.昨天我在街上碰巧见到他。
A )-Did you find the small village yesterday?
(4)take place指必然性的“发生”或有计划、安
Yes,without any difficulty,for it has
排之内的“举行”。如:
changed over years
Great changes have taken place in China
A.hardly
B.greatly
in recent years.最近几年中国发生了巨大
C.clearly
D.nearly
的变化。
经典例题
Tom's birthday party will take place on Fri-
B)-Would you like some coffee?
day evening.汤姆的生日晚会将在周五晚
No,thanks.I
drink it.I think
上举行
water is the best
happy/hepi/adj.幸福的,愉快的
A.often
B.hardly
词汇用法
C.usually
D.always
be happy/,glad to do sth.做某事很开心
harm/ha:m/v.伤害;损害n.伤害;损害
派生词扣
Smoking can harm your health.吸烟会损害你的
健康。
happily(adv.)幸福地;愉快地
The storm did a lot of harm to the crops.这场暴
unhappy(adj,)不快乐的;不开心的
风雨对庄稼造成了很大损害。
hard/hard/ad.硬的;困难的;艰难的adv.
努力地;使劲;猛烈地
固定短语
The bed is soft but the chair is hard..床是软的,但
do harm to对…造成伤害
是椅子是硬的。
no harm done没造成伤害
But whatever it was,don't be too hard on yourself.
派生词心
但不管是什么,不要对自己要求太苛刻。
harmful(adj.)有害的
hardly/'ha:dli/adv.几乎没有,几乎不
harmless(adj.)无害的
82
中考英语同汇
harmful/ha:mfl/adj.有害的
have a walk散步
词汇用法
he/hi,hi:/pron.他
be harmful to/do harm to对…有害
head/hed/n.头;头部;首领v.前进;带领
Reading in the sun is harmful to your eyes.在阳
派生词记
光下读书对你的眼睛是有害的。
headmaster(n.)校长
派生词心
headline(n.)大字标题;新闻摘要
ham(n.)害处
固定短语
harmless((adj.)无害的
at the head of居…首位
hat/het/n.帽子
from head to foot从头到脚
hate/het/v.讨厌,憎恨
keep one's head保持冷静
head for开往;前进
词汇用法
headache/hederk/n.头痛
hate to do/doing sth.讨厌做某事
hate及物动词,其后既可以接动词不定式也可以
固定短语
接动名词,但意思没有大的区别。如:
have a headache头疼
She hated people looking at her that way.她不喜
health/helo/n.健康
欢人们用那种方式看着她。
Not only have I lost weight from diet and exer-
反叉词
cise,but I have also improved my health.通过节
love(v.)喜欢;爱上
食和运动我不仅瘦了,而且还改善了我的健康状况。
haVe/hev,hav/v.有;吃;患(病);进行;
固定短语
从事
in good health身体健康
【过去式、过去分词】had/had
经典例题
词汇用法
C )-I do morning exercises every day.
It
have to do sth.不得不做某事
works my whole body
You have a sense of humor.你真幽默。
-It's a good habit.It helps you keep in
They had their lunch in a restaurant.他们在一家
good
饭店吃了午饭。
A.time
B.touch
She had a fever.她发烧了。
C.health
D.silence
They are having a meeting..他们在开会。
healthy/heli/adj.健康的;有益于楗康的
固定短语
It is very important for us to keep healthy,保持
have a look看一看
健康对我们来说非常重要。
have a cold感冒
固定短语
have a good/wonderful/great time玩得高兴;
keep/stay healthy保持健康
过得愉快
healthy food/.habits健康的食物/习惯
have a good trip一路顺风
lead/have a healthy life过着健康的生活
have a rest休息
have no idea不知道
hear(heard,.heard)/ha(r)/v.听见;听说;
得知
have a wash洗一洗
have a try试一试
词汇用法
have a drink喝一杯
①hear及物动词,其后的宾语补足语为省略to的
83
中考英语词汇
不定式或现在分词。接不定式表示“动作的全
learn..by heart记熟
过程”。接现在分词表示“动作正在进行”。如:
lose heart泄气
I hear a girl singing this song in the classroom.
from the bottom of one's heart衷心地;发自内
我听到一个女孩正在教室里唱这首歌。
心地
We often hear her sing this song.我们经常听她
名言鲁句
唱这首歌。
②hear的宾语补足语不带to,但在被动语态中要
Great power exists in our hearts.伟大的力量存在
于我们的内心。
加上to。如:
She is often heard to sing this song,人们常常
heat/hit/n.热;热量v.加热
听到她唱这首歌。
词汇用法
词语辨析
heat up把…加热;变热
listen,listen to hear
Heat up the soup before you drink it.在喝汤前你
(1)listen一般用作不及物动词,可单独使用,以
需要先加热它。
提醒对方注意,指“留神听,倾听”,是有意识
heavy/hevi/adj.重的,沉的
的动作,至于是否听到什么,则不得而知。
That bag is too heavy for me to carry.那个袋子
如:
太重了,我提不动。
Listen!Who is singing in the next room?
听!谁在隔壁房间里唱歌?
派生词心
(2)listen to相当于及物动词,意为“听…”
heavily(adv.)在很大程度上;大量地
表示专心致志地“听”,后面一定要接人或
固定短语
物作宾语。如:
heavy traffic交通拥挤
We must listen to the teacher carefully in
class.我们在课堂上必须认真听老师讲课。
height/hat/n.高,高度
(3)hear既可以用作及物动词,也可以用作不
词汇用法
及物动词,意为“听见,听到”,是指用耳朵
be of medium height中等身高
听到了某个声音,是个无意识的动作,着重
The woman is measuring her daughter's height.
听的能力和结果。如:
个女人正在给她女儿量身高。
Can you hear some animals?你能听到
些动物的声音吗?
hello(=hi)/hlaw/int.喂;你好(表示打招
呼,问候或唤起注意)
She listens but hears nothing..她听了听,但
什么都没听到。
help/help/n.&vt.帮助;帮忙
Ican't hear very well.我听觉不太好。
词汇用法
国定短语
①help用作及物动词,其后的宾语可接动词不定
hear about听说;得知
式作宾语补足语,to可省可不省。构成“help
hear from收到…的来信
sb.(to)do sth.”结构,意为“帮助某人做某
hear of听说过,听到
事”。如:
heart/hat/n.心,心脏
I often help my mother (to)clean the house.
我经常帮助妈妈打扫房子。
The patient's heart stopped beating for a few
②与can或could连用,构成can't help doing结
seconds.病人的心脏停跳了几秒钟。
构,意为“禁不住”。如
国定短语
I can't help crying when I heard the bad news.
heart attack心脏病发作
当我听到这个坏消息时,我禁不住哭了。
in one's heart在某人内心深处
③help用作名词。如:
84●
中考英语同汇
Thank you for your help.感谢你的帮助。
【复数】heroes
派生词心
Many young people look up to these basketball
heroes and want to become like them.许多年轻
helpless(adj.)无助的
人崇拜这些篮球英雄,想成为像他们一样的人。
固定短语
hers/hsxz/pron.她的
help sb.with sth.在某方面帮助某人
help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
herself/ha:'self/pron.她自己
help yourself to自取,请自便
hide(hid,hidden))/had/v.隐藏,躲避
with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的
I saw a little boy hide the soccer under the bed
帮助下
just now.我刚才看到一个小男孩把这个足球藏到
经典例题
床下了。
A )-Jack,I have no idea for the report.
固定想语
-Me neither.Why don't we ask the teacher
hide behind躲藏在…后面
for
hide and seek捉迷藏
A.help
B.jokes
hide one's face掩面
C.food
D.tickets
hide sth.from sb.对某人隐瞒某事
helpful/'helpfl/adi.有帮助的,有益的
中考真题
Our teacher gave us a lot of helpful books on
(D )-Don't try to
anything from
maths.我们的老师给了我们许多对学习数学有
me,Mary.
帮助的书。
-I know nothing about it,Mum!I was
sleeping at that time.
固定短语
A.hear
B.cheat
be helpful to对…是有帮助的
C.get
D.hide
hen/hen/n.母鸡
high/har/ad.高的adv.高高地;在高处
I want to keep a hen so I can eat fresh eggs.我想
派生词汇
养只母鸡,这样就能吃到新鲜的鸡蛋了。
height(n.)身高;高度
her/ha(r)/pron.她;她的
词语辨析
经典例题
high与tall
(A )-Is the girl in a red skirt your sister?
(I)high指从地面算起到物体顶部的垂直高
-Yes.
favorite color is red.
度,既可以是具体的高,也可以是笼统的
A.Her
B.She
高,其反义词是low。如:
C.His
D.He
There are a lot of high buildings along the
here/ho(r)/adv.这里;在这里
street.沿街有许多高楼。
(2)tall多用来指瘦长的高;用于人时,指超过
Ican't find my keys..Oh,here they are..我找不到
平均高度的高;用于物时,指高于周围事物
钥匙了。哦,原来在这里。
的高,其反义词是short。另外,tal也可以
固定短语
指具体的高或笼统的高。如:
come here过来
Tom is six feet tall.汤姆六英尺高。
here and there到处
Tom is a tall man.汤姆是个高个子。
here you are给你
(3)表示人、树、旗杆等细长物的高,一般用tal,
over there在那边
有时也可以用hig代替,这时要注意:表示
herO/hor/n.英雄;男主角,男主人公
笼统的高,要用tall,不用high。如:
85
中考英语词汇
He is a very tall man.他是个很高的男人
派生同心
There is a tall tree in front of the house.
historian(n.)历史学家;历史工作者
在房子的前面有一棵高高的树。
historical(adj.)历史的;有关历史的
(4)表示人或细长物具体的高(即放在具体高
度的后面),两者均可。如:
hit(hit,hit0)/ht/v.打;击;击中n.击;打;敲
【现在分词hitting
He is six feet tall/high.他六英尺高。
The tree is 10 meters tall/high.这棵树
词汇用法
高10米。
hit常用作及物动词,意为“打;击;击中”。英语中
表示“击、打某人身体的某一部分”,其结构为“hit
hike/hak/v,远足;徒步旅行;提高(价格等)
+sb.on/in the+身体部位”。如:
n.远足;徒步旅行;涨价
He hit her on the head with a book.他用书打她的头。
She likes to go hiking.她喜欢去远足。
固定想语
They hiked up the price of gasoline.他们提高了
汽油价格。
get hit被击中
固定痘语
hobby/hobi/n.业余爱好
【复数】hobbies
go on a hike去远足
hike up提高;涨价
Teenagers often think they should be allowed to
practice their hobbies as much as they want.青少
派生词汇
年常常认为他们应该被允许尽可能多地练习他们
hiker(n.)远足者;徒步旅行者
的爱好。
hill/hl/n.小山
hold(held,held)/hald/v.抓住,握住;举行
There is a red house on the top of that green hill.
He was holding a knife in one hand.他一只手里
在那绿色小山的山顶上有一所红房子。
握着一把刀。
him/hm/pro.他(宾格)
They are holding a sports meeting on the play-
经典例题
ground.他们正在操场上举行一场运动会。
(C )Where is your brother?I want to give
固定短语
a book.
hold out坚持;伸出
A.me
B.you
hold one's hand抓住某人的手
C.him
D.her
catch hold of抓住
himself/hm'sef/pron.他自己
hold on等一会儿
hold on to守住;保住
his/hz/pmon.他的
hole/hal/n.洞,孔;漏洞;坑
名信鲁句
There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。
Every man has his weak side.人人都有缺点。
holiday/hplader/n.假期
经典例题
I'm afraid Mr.Brown is on holiday this week.
(C )Mary has a brother,and
name
怕布朗先生这个星期在休假。
is Bob
Where are you going for your holidays this year?
A.her
B.its
C.his
你今年要到哪里休假?
history/'histri/n.历史
固定短语
Beijing is a city with a long history.北京是一座历
summer holiday暑假
史悠久的城市。
winter holiday寒假
86
中考英语词汇
home/hum/n.家adv.在家
in honour of为向…表示敬意
派生同记
派生词心
homeless(adj.)无家可归的
honourable(adj.)荣誉的;值得尊敬的
honourary(adj.)荣誉的;名誉的
固定短语
hope/hp/n.&v.希望;盼望;期待
at home在家
be home to sb./sth.是…的栖息地/故乡
词汇用法
hit home击中要害
hope to do sth.希望做某事
make...feel at home使…感到宾至如归
We hope to see you soon.我们希望很快见到你。
hometown/haumtaun/n.家乡
派生词心
He misses his hometown when he is looking at the
hopeful(adj.)有希望的
moon.他望着月亮,思念着自己的故乡。
词语辨析
homework/hmw3k/n.家庭作业
hope与wish
hope和wish都有“希望”之意,都可以直接接
固定短语
动词不定式。如:
do one's homework做作业
I hope(wish)to visit the Great Wall.我希望
honest/'onst/adj,诚实的;坦诚的;坦率的
去游览长城。
It is very important to be honest with your
二者的区别是:
friends.对朋友要坦诚,这很重要。
(1)wish后可接“宾语+动词不定式”,而hope
派生词汇
则无此用法。如:
I wish you to be the best..我希望你是最好的。
dishonest(adj,)不诚实的;不正直的
(2)hope和wish都可以接that从句,但hope后
国定短语
的从句表示“希望”或可以实现的愿望;而
to be honest说实话;老实说
wsh后的从句通常指某种强烈而又难以实
honey/hani/n.蜂蜜;亲爱的(用于称呼)
现的“愿望”,其从句动词用虚拟语气。如:
I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很
Each of them makes less than one gram of honey
快好起来。
in its life..它们每只一生产出的蜂蜜还不到一克。
I wish I could fly like a bird.我希望我能
固定短语
像鸟一样飞。
honey bee蜜蜂
(3)wish可表示良好的“祝愿”,后面接“宾语
honey pot蜜罐;甜心
+宾补”(形容词或名词),而hope不能这
派生同记
样用。如:
honeyed(adj.)甜如蜜的;奉承的
I wish you happy.我祝你幸福。
(4)在简略句中,如果表示希望某事不会发生
honour(AmE honor)/'ona(r)/n.荣誉;荣
时,应说I hope not,表示希望某事发生时,
幸v.尊重;表示敬意
应说I hope so。wish没有此用法。
It is my an honour to be here to share with you
my opinions on how to learn English.能在这里与
horse/hos/n.马
大家一起分享我是如何学好英语的是我的荣幸。
固定短语
固定短语
ride a horse骑马
have the honour to do sth.有幸
hospital/hpspitl/n.医院
87
中考英语词汇
国定短语
是很重要的。
in hospital住院
固定短语
in the hospital在医院里
do the housework做家务
hOSt/hst/n.主人;主持人;东道主;宿主(生
hoW/haw/adv.怎样,怎么
物)v.主办;主持;做东招待
How I wish to have a long vacation these days!
The host of the TV show is very humorous.这个
这些天我多么希望去度一次长假啊!
电视节目的主持人很幽默。
How often do you go swimming?你多久去游一次泳?
China was the host country of the 2008 Olympic
中考真题
Games.中国是2008年奥运会的东道主国家。
A )1.-Could you tell me
we can
When she was a college student in the US,she
start a conversation with a foreigner?
stayed with a host family.她在美国上大学的时
-Talking about weather is a good
候,住在一个寄宿家庭里。
choice.
固定短语
A.how
B.why
host family寄宿家庭
C.where
D.when
host a party举办派对
C)2
beautiful the poem Mom
Knows Best is!I want to read it to my
派生词花
mom.
hosting(n,)主办;主持,动名词
A.What
B.What a
hostess/haustas/n.女主人;女主持人,
C.How
D.How a
空姐
however/haw'eva(r)/adv.可是coj.然
The hostess greeted the guests at the door.女主
而;不管怎样
人在门口迎接客人。
词汇用法
The air hostess served meals to passengers.空姐
however作副词用时,表示“然而;但是”,可以位
给乘客们送餐。
于句首、句中和句末;位于句首时,要用逗号与句
固定短语
子其他部分隔开;位于句中时,其前后都要用逗
air hostess空姐
号;位于句末时其前用逗号分开。如:
party hostess派对女主人
However fast he runs,he can't catch up with us.
hot/hot/adj.热的;辣的
无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。
【比较级和最高级】hotter/hottest
I'd like to go with you,however,my hands are
ful.我想和你一块去,可是我忙不过来。
hotel/ha'tel/n.旅馆;饭店;宾馆
hug/hgv.拥抱;紧抱;抱有(想法等)n.拥抱
hour/'aa(r)/n.小时
She hugged her child tightly when she saw him.
固定短语
她看到孩子时紧紧地拥抱了他。
an hour一个小时
国定短语
house/has/n.房子;全家人;住宅
give sb.ahug给某人一个拥抱
hug oneself自我庆幸
housework/hausw:3k/n.家务劳动
派生词世
I think it is important for children to learn how to
do chores and help their parents with housework.
hugger(n.)拥抱者
我认为孩子们学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务
huge/hjud3/adj.巨大的;庞大的
88
中考英语同汇
The party was a huge success.晚会办得非常成功。
固定短语
human/'hjumon/n.人:人类ad.人的:人类的
hunt for搜寻;寻找
Humans are different from animals and robots.
hunting season狩猎季节
是不同于动物和机器人的。
plan a treasure hunt策划一场寻宝游戏
humorous/hju:maras/adj.幽默的
派生词心
humour (AmE humor )/'hju:ma (r)/n.
hunter(n.)猎人
默;诙谐;心情
hunting(n.)打猎;搜寻
She has a great sense of humour too..她也很有幽
hurry/hari/v.&n.急忙;匆忙
默感。
She hurried to the airport..她匆匆赶往机场。
固定短情
There is no need to hurry.We have got plenty of
sense of humour幽默感
time.没必要着急,我们还有很多时间。
in a good humour心情好
固定恩语
派生词记
in a hurry匆匆忙忙
humorous(adj.)幽默的
in no hurry不着急
humourless(adj.)无幽默感的
hurry up快点;赶快
hundred 'handrad num.
中考真题
词汇用法
D )-I'm afraid I can't get there before
9 o'clock.
hundred作数词和thousand,million一样,在使用时
-That's OK.There's
遵循“两无两有”规则。“两无”指的是当表示具体
A.no way
B.no wonder
数字的时候,其后没有s,也没有of;“两有”指的是
C.no doubt
D.no hurry
当表示不确切数目的时候,其后有s,也有of。如:
There are eight hundred students in our school.
hurt(hurt,hurt)/het/v.(使)受伤;(使)伤心
我们学校有800名学生。
词汇用法
Hundreds of people died in the accident..数百人
hurt常用作及物动词,既可以指肉体上的伤害,也
在那次事故中死了。
可以指精神上的、感情上的伤害。如:
名合鲁句
The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.
Read a hundred times,its meaning appears..读书
位司机在这次事故中伤得很重。
百遍,其义自见
She hurt her leg when she fell.她跌倒时,一条腿
hungry/'hAngri/adj.饥饿的;渴望的
受了伤。
派生询花
固定短语
hurt oneself伤到某人自己
hunger(n.)饥饿
get/be hurt受伤
hunt/hnt/v.打猎;搜寻;追捕n.打猎;搜寻
husband/hazband/n.丈夫
They hunted us because we were slow and
She gave her husband a glass of water,她递给她
couldn'tfly,他们追捕我们,因为我们行动迟缓,
丈夫一杯水。
还不会飞。
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