内容正文:
专题二阅读七选五
一P
阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题,解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性,再定
位。先定性,即先初读文章,根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡
句或细节句;再定位,即再精读文章,根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定填哪一个选项。
洞悉考情明方向
老情老向科学备考
近三年高考考情分析]
主题
设空位置
年份
卷别
体裁
主题语境
主题语境内容
段首
段中
段尾
全国一卷
记叙文
人与社会
咖啡馆工作人员的真诚服务
0
4
1
2025
全国二卷
说明文
人与社会
家庭共同参与志愿活动的好处
2
2
新课标I卷
说明文
人与社会
词典的使用
0
2024
新课标Ⅱ卷
说明文
人与社会
如何缓解过度旅游
全国甲卷
说明文
人与自我
适度饮食
新课标I卷
说明文
人与自我
自我原谅
0
新课标Ⅱ卷
说明文
人与社会
如何开启艺术之旅
2023
全国乙卷
说明文
人与自然
室内种花养草的益处
0
3
全国甲卷
说明文
人与自我
如何成为更有耐心的人
近三年高考命题规律]
主题语境
以人与社会、人与自我主题居多
文章体裁一七选五的体裁主要以说明文为主,偶尔考议论文和记叙文
命
分布均匀:一段一题(少于5段或某段较长,可一段两题);设空位置:段首主旨
专家
命题考点
句或段落小标题(0~2题);段中过渡句和细节句(0~5题,重点考查);段末结
论句(0~2题);文章首句一般不设空
规
排列方式:由短到长依次排列
选项特征
正确选项:主旨句能准确概括段落大意;过渡句和细节句前后语意衔接
干扰选项:主旨句以偏概全或偏离主题;过渡句和细节句上下句不连贯
文章长度一七选五的篇章词数加上选项词数约300词
备考警示:一一看结构(设空位置);二找词语(词汇复现):三析逻辑(并列、递进、转折、因果等)
She headed for the door.
·32·
她朝着门走去。
[第一板块]核心素养之阅读篇
策略指导握技法
剖析题型掌握方法
读全文
看位置
找联系
思逻辑
析选项
事膝美鳘
鼎魏麦覺首
寻找题目前后在词
思考题目前后在
分析选项的特征
汇、意义上的联系
行文上的逻辑关系
预测所在文中的位置
段
主旨句
常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
3步做准“七选五”
段弄
题
承上启
此空处的答案能够将上段和本段的内容连
首清
第一步:先做段首、段尾题,缩小排查范围
下句
贯起来。
段作
因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句),
尾用
总结句
用于总结本段内容,常含有总结性的词语。
易答
要么就是承上启下句,具有鲜明的语言特征,
尾
承上启
此空处的答案能够将本段和下段的内容连
判案
题目简单,较易判定。做题时,先将这类题目
下句
贯起来。
定明
的选项定位,既可缩小思考范围,又可使原文
信息更加明了。
并列或
空格前后两句话中有first,second,.third等词,
递进关系
第二步:剩余选项细排查,利用句间关系来判定
或also,further,similarly等词。
句剩
随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后,原文信
转折成
空格前后两句话中有however,.nevertheless,.
间余
段
让步关系
关选
息会更加明了,再次通读原文,理清剩余段中
sti,though等词。
题的句间关系,将剩余选项对应复位
因果
空格前后两句话中有as a result,hus,so/
第三步:代入选项通读原文,句通意畅来验证
关系
such..that等词。
人
眼断
将所选答案代入文中,重点检查逻辑关系
解释例
证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另句而举的例子。
看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。
真题引领悟考法
感悟真题考场夺冠
[典例呈现](2025·全国二卷)
OYou can live longer if you volunteer regu-
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可
larly.
以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
38
Washington University found that
余选项。
adults 55 and older who volunteered had better
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
memory and maintained overall health longer
Are you looking for a way to bring your
than others their age.Volunteers are also more
family together?Hoping to find a hobby that
likely to look after their own health and are
can be shared by both the little ones and adults?
more focused on adding physical activity into
36 You may know the“feel-good”emotions
their lives.
that come with helping others,but there are
●39
even more unexpected ways volunteering will
positively affect the whole family.
Volunteering during teenage years has been
OYou'll feel like you have more time.
linked to some major positive effects such as im-
People often feel they are too busy to vol-
proved grades and increased self-confidence.
unteer.Yet,research has found that giving
These effects aren't just short-term but have
your time to community causes actually makes
been proved to affect a teen's well-being in the
you feel like you have more of it.37
years to come.
·33·
|英语
OYou'll have more time with family.
B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing
Families who volunteer together have the
you need.
C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and
unique experience of working toward a common
teenagers.
goal.
40 Everyone brings something unique
D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking
to the table and can connect with each other in a
down prejudice.
new way.And,there are tasks for every age
E.For adults,volunteering can provide signifi-
and ability,so all your children can feel proud of
cant physical health benefits.
their work.
F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent
you didn't know about before.
A.Helping the community lowers rates of de-
G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and in-
pression.
spires you to make the most of each day.
中考场思维
第一步
快速浏览语篇
确定文章大意
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处。
T3
根据下文“Washington University found that adults55 and older who volun-
定位
teered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their
主旨句
age.”可知,本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项中的“For
adults”对应“adults55 and older'”,“physical health benefits'”概括了“better
设空处在段首
memory”和“maintained overall health”,与本段的主题吻合,故选E项。
T39
根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years...to affect a teen'swel-beingin the
定位
years to come.”可知,本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项”中
的“"lifelong effect'"对应“affect a teen's well--being in the years to come”,“on kids
and teenagers'”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体,符合段落主旨,故选C项。
句
根据
T36
根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together?Hoping to
设空
定位
find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults?”可知,此
处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求,空格处需给出解决方案。B选项中
第二步
位置
接
的“Volunteering as a family”直接▣应“bring your family together'”和“shared
设
上
文
hobby”,引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明,符合语境,故选B项。
在
T40
根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working
中
上
定位
toward a common goal..”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table
and can connect with each other in a new way.”可推知,设空处需补充家庭志愿
活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项中的“learn that your kid has a talent'”体现
“Everyone brings something unique'”,且“'in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天
境
赋”的新颖体验,衔接上下文,故选F项。
设
T37
根据段落主题句“You'l feel like you have more time.”及上文“Yet,research
定位下
has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel
在
like you have more of it.”可推知,设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因
G选项中的“makes you feel capable'”和“inspires you to make the most of each
尾
dy”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉,与
“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联,故选G项。
第三步
通读原文
核验答案
将答案代人文中,通读文章,进行语境及逻辑方面的审核,确保文章通顺无误。
It helped being able to talk about it.
·34·
能谈谈这件事很有好处。