Unit 3 Understanding ideas知识点讲练 -2025-2026学年外研版英语（2024）八年级上册

该初中英语讲义以Unit 3核心知识点为框架，系统梳理as时间状语从句、try/keep/decide用法及感叹句结构，通过例句对比（如try to do与try doing的语义差异）和语法分类表呈现动词不定式与动名词作宾语的规则，构建"讲解-例句-应用"递进知识脉络，突出重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于"语境化分层练习"设计，如【学以致用】中用"假肢女孩握手"情境巩固as用法，语法练习结合"发明智能拐杖"语篇考查非谓语动词，培养语言运用能力和逻辑思维，基础题夯实规则，拓展题提升迁移能力，答案详解助力学生自主复习，教师可精准把握学情实施分层教学。

Unit 3 Understanding ideas知识点讲练 2025-2026学年外研版英语（2024）八年级上册 ★ Knowledge points 1. "Hello," said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. "你好！"一个装着假肢的女孩一边说，一边和伊斯顿的作品握手。 as 引导时间状语从句，意为"当……时候；一边……一边"，强调主从句动作同时发生或者相继发生。 As he was sleeping,the phone rang. 他在睡觉时，电话响了。 As time goes by,the memories of the past become clearer. 随着时间的流逝，过去的回忆变得越来越清晰。 【学以致用】 ______the day went on, the weather got worse. A.With B. Since C. While D. As 2. He always tried to improve his work. 他总是尽力去改善他的工作。 try 可以作名词，也可以作动词。 作名词常用词组是 have a try,意为"试一试"。 作动词有两个用法： ① try doing sth 尝试做某事（过程不难，强调结果） Nobody answers the front door.Let's try knocking the back door. 没人应前门，我们试试敲后门。（强调房子里有没有人这一结果） ② try to do sth 努力尝试做某事（强调努力尝试的过程，成功与否不知） Let's try to work out this maths problem.让我们试试解开这道数学题。（强调努力解题这个过程） 【学以致用】 (1)He tried ______ ______(get) the apples above the shelf. But he failed to reach them. After a while, Mr. Black came in and tried ______ (show) his ability. (2)This new ice cream looks really good. Would you like to ______ ______ ______? 这个新口味的冰淇淋看起来很不错，你要不要尝一尝？ 3. Easton kept working on it. He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. 伊斯顿一直在努力做这件事。他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。 初中同步练习册 英语 八年级 上册 keep常用的短语： ① keep (on) doing sth “一直坚持做某事” keep doing sth 一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth 一般用于动态动词，但二者的区分并不是很严格，有时可以互换。 Don’t keep on doing such foolish things.不要再做这样的傻事了。 He kept sitting there all day.他整天坐在那里。 ② keep... from doing sth “阻止……做某事”，相当于 stop... from doing sth, prevent... from doing sth。 在主动结构中，stop 和 prevent 后面的 from 可以省略，但在被动结构中，from 不可以省略。 Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.请别让孩子到海里游泳。 The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.屋外巨大的噪声使我不能做作业。 【学以致用】 (1) 为什么你总是在笑呢？ ___________________________________________________________________ (2) 如果你不断尝试，你会找到正确答案. ___________________________________________________________________ 4. decide 的用法： ① decide to do sth.表示决定某事。 I have decided to go to the Party.我已经决定去参加聚会。 ② decide+ 名词，表示决定某事。 We have decided the date of the meeting.我们已经决定了会议的日期。 ③ decide 的名词为 decision,常见的固定搭配为 make a decision。 I had to make a decision about what to do next.我不得不决定下一步做什么。 【学以致用】 (1)He __________________ (想要打篮球) after school. (2)The students __________________ (决定组织一场英语派对) next month. 5. What a helping hand! 真是帮了大忙！ (1) What 引导的感叹句 ① What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! What a beautiful girl she is!她是个多么漂亮的女孩啊！（强调"漂亮的女孩"这个名词短语） ② What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语! What beautiful flowers they are!它们是多么漂亮的花啊！ ③ What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What delicious food it is!多么美味的食物啊！ 注意：What引导的感叹句，重点在于强调名词。 (2) How引导的感叹句 How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ How beautiful the girl is!这个女孩多么漂亮啊！（强调"漂亮"这个形容词） How fast he runs!他跑得多么快啊！（强调"快"这个副词） How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ How beautiful a girl she is!她是个多么漂亮的女孩啊！ 此结构与"What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!"表达意思相近，但侧重点略有不同，How引导的更侧重强调形容词。 注意：How引导的感叹句，重点在于强调形容词或副词。 【学以致用】 (1) 用 What 改写句子： How lovely the dog is! ____________________________________ (2) 用 How 改写句子： What a tall building it is! ____________________________________ ★ Grammar 本单元的核心语法为"动词不定式和动名词作宾语"，参考教材129-130页内容。动词不定式(to do)和动名词(doing)都可以充当宾语，但它们在使用上有着明确的规则和区别。有些动词后只能按动词不定式作宾语，这些动词通常表达主语的意思、计划、打算、能力等，强调具体的、尚未发生的动作；有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，这类动词往往侧重于表达经历、习惯、喜好或避免做某事等，强调抽象的、已经发生或经常性的动作。还有一部分动词既可以按动词不定式，也可以按动名词作宾语，不过在不同搭配下，所表达的意义可能相近，也可能截然不同。 动词不定式(to do)：基本形式是 to+动词原形，常表示具体的、一次性的动作或将来的动作。例如：I want to buy a book. 我想买一本书。"买"这个动作是具体的、一次性的。常见动词有：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, afford, agree, expect, manage, pretend等。例如：He decided to go to Paris. 他决定去巴黎。 动名词(doing)：基本形式是 动词原形+ing，常表示抽象的、习惯性的动作或正在进行的动作。例如：I like reading books. 我喜欢读书。"读书"是一种习惯性的动作。常见动词有：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, suggest, keep, avoid, consider等。例如：She enjoys listening to music. 她喜欢听音乐。 语法练习 1. 我非常喜欢这本书，你介意把它借给我吗？ I enjoy this book very much. Would you mind ____________ it to me? 2. 她决定每天早起，这样就能有更多时间练习弹钢琴。 She ____________ early every day so that she has more time to practice ______ the piano. 3. 我们计划这个周末去公园，并且希望在那里玩得开心。 We ____________ to the park this weekend and ______ to have a great time there. 4. 他努力尝试爬上那棵大树，但是有点害怕。 He tried ____________ that big tree but was a bit scared. 5. 他们同意一起帮助这个小女孩完成她的手工作业。 They ____________ the little girl finish her handicraft homework together. 6. 别拒绝参加我们的派对，我们真的很希望你能来。 Don't ____________ our party. We really hope you can come. 7. 我喜欢在夏天游泳，那种感觉很凉爽。 I enjoy ____________ in summer. It feels really cool. 8. 你完成的英语作文了吗？老师明天要检查。 Have you finished ____________ your English composition? The teacher will check tomorrow. 9. 你介意我在这里听音乐吗？我会把音量调小。 Would you mind my ____________ to music here? I'll turn it down. 10. 他每天坚持跑步，因为他想保持健康。 He ____________ every day because he wants to keep fit. 11. 她建议我们去看一场有趣的电影来放松一下。 She suggested us ____________ to see an interesting movie to relax. 12. 我们应该避免在马路上追逐，那样很危险。 We should avoid ____________ on the road. It's very dangerous. 13. 他停下来和他的朋友打招呼。 He stopped ____________ hello to his friend. 14. 请停止制造这么多噪音，宝宝在睡觉。 Please stop ____________ so much noise. The baby is sleeping. 15. 我忘记要带我的作业去学校了，老师可能会生气。 I forgot ____________ my homework to school. The teacher may be angry. 课后跟踪练 一、根据句意和首字母提示写出单词。 1. There will be a big f ______ next month. Many companies will show their new products. 2. The a ______ flowers look so real that you can hardly tell they aren't natural. 3. Please help me hang the picture. I need a h ______ (钩子). 4. I bought this book last week. It c ______ me 20 yuan. 5. Can you l ______ me your dictionary? I left mine at home. 6. This new 3-D p ______ can print out complex objects quickly. 7. It a ______ us to take photos in this museum. 8. Scientists sent a s ______ (信号) to the satellite to get some data. 9. We need to f ______ this math problem. It's a bit difficult but we can do it. 10. The i ______ of the telephone greatly changed the way people communicate. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 17-year-old Shantanu Gangwar noticed a problem:Blind students at school had a hard 1. ______ (time) ______ (move) around. They wished 2. ______ (have) a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided 3. ______ (do) something to help. He invented a smart walking stick.It can 4. ______ (sense) objects nearby. Once it senses an object, it starts 5. ______ (shake) to warn the user. Shantanu won an award and received many 6.______ (congratulation) for his invention. However, he wanted 7. ______ (make) it even better. He also hoped 8. ______ (turn) his invention into a product."We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more blind people," he said. Understanding ideas答案 Knowledge points 1. D 2. (1) to get; to show (2) have a try 3. (1) Why do you keep laughing all the time? (2) If you keep (on) trying, you will find the right answers. 4. (1) wants to play basketball (2) decided to organize an English party 5. (1) What a lovely dog it is! (2) How tall the building is! 【学以致用】 1. borrowing 2. decided to get up; playing 3. plan to go; hope 4. to climb 5. agreed to help 6. refuse to join 7. swimming 8. writing 9. listening 10. keeps running 11. to go 12. running/chasing 13. to say 14. making 15. to bring 课后跟踪练 一、 1. fair 2. artificial 3. hook 4. cost 5. lend 6. printer 7. allows 8. signal 9. fix 10. invention 二、 1. time; moving 2. to have 3. to do 4. sense 5. shaking/to shake 6. congratulations 7. to make 8. to turn 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $