Unit 5 Play by the rules（知识清单）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules ? （知识清单）（答案版） 1、 单元词汇 单词 1. 　　　　　prep. 在……的对面　　　　　 2. 　　　　　n. 小包，小盒，小袋 3. 　　　　　n. 野餐 4. 　　　　　adj. 有臭味的 5. 　　　　　n. 干酪，奶酪 6. 　　　　　n. 噪声；嘈杂声 7. 　　　　　v. 减少；缩小；降低 8. 　　　　　v. 踢 9. 　　　　　n. 座，座位 10. 　　　　　n. 乘客，旅客 11. 　　　　　pron. 任何事物都（没有） 12. 　　　　　n. 蠢人，傻子，笨蛋 13. 　　　　　n. 标记；指示牌，标牌 14. 　　　　　n. 喉咙，咽喉 15. 　　　　　n. 责任 16. 　　　　　n. 原因，起因 17. 　　　　　n. 腰带，皮带 18. 　　　　　n. 车站 19. 　　　　　n. 花盆 20. 　　　　　n. 脏乱；凌乱 21. 　　　　　n. 诚实，正直；坦诚 22. 　　　　　v. 传播 1. 　　　　　n. 法则，法令　　　　　　　 2. 　　　　　n. 律师 3. 　　　　　adj. 紧急的，急迫的 4. 　　　　　n. 公民；市民，城镇居民 5. 　　　　　n. 点击（鼠标） 6. 　　　　　adj. 基础的，基本的，根本的 7. 　　　　　adj. 个人的，私人的 8. 　　　　　adj. 个人的，秘密的 9. 　　　　　v. 避免 10. 　　　　　n. 地址 11. 　　　　　n. 护照 12. 　　　　　v. 限制，限定 13. 　　　　　adj. 不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的 14. 　　　　　adj. 注意到的，察觉到的 15. 　　　　　v. 欺诈，欺骗 16. 　　　　　v. 信任，信赖，相信 17. 　　　　　n. 敌人 18. 　　　　　v. 表现 19. 　　　　　n. 网络霸凌（欺凌） 短语 Understanding ideas 1.　　　　　同意　　　　　　　　　　　 2. 　　　　　大声播放音乐 3. 　　　　　踢某人的座位 4. 　　　　　上车 5. 　　　　　跳起来 6. 　　　　　惊讶地 7. 　　　　　为了…… 8. 　　　　　照顾，照料 9. 　　　　　深呼吸 10. 　　　　　清清嗓子 11. 　　　　　抵抗 12. 　　　　　违反规则 13. 　　　　　安全带 14. 　　　　　保持安全 15. 　　　　　捡起 16. 　　　　　清理杂物 17. 　　　　　遵守规则 18. 　　　　　在某人心里 Developing ideas 1.　　　　　交通法规 　　 2. 　　　　　立即，立刻 3. 　　　　　在一些紧急情况下 4. 　　　　　造成事故 5. 　　　　　参加 6. 　　　　　总之，最后 7. 　　　　　发布个人信息 8. 　　　　　面对面 9. 　　　　　与……取得联系 10. 　　　　　保持安全 11. 　　　　　避免做某事 12. 　　　　　意识到 13. 　　　　　在现实生活中 14. 　　　　　小心…… 15. 　　　　　寻求帮助 16. 　　　　　遇到麻烦 17. 　　　　　向……寻求帮助 句型 1. 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　！多么让人震惊！ 2. I covered my nose　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 我捂住鼻子，以减少来自“难闻食物先生”的气味。 3. My face turned 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a tomato！ 我的脸变得像番茄一样红了！ 4. I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. However， his mother replied， “　　　　　 　　　　　， he’s just a kid.” 我要求他停下来。但他的母亲回答说：“别这样，他只是个孩子。” 5. They also 　　　　　　　　　　， but no one did 　　　　　. 他们似乎也不开心，但没有人做什么。 6. They aren’t just on the wall but also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 它们不仅仅在墙上，还在我们的脑海和心中。 7. And rules are there　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　！ 规则存在就是为了我们去遵守！ 8. I’m sharing my story to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 我正在分享我的故事来传播一些幸福。 9. 　　　　　 　　　　　， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　： that is the question. 生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。 10. Is your team 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the topic？ 你的团队是支持还是反对这个话题？ 11. Nowadays， the internet has made it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　！ 如今，互联网已经让它变得轻而易举！ 12. There are so many netizens， 　　　　　　　　　　， citizens on the internet！ 有这么多的网民，也就是说，在互联网上的公民！ 13. 　　　　　 　　　　　personal information online. 避免在网上发布个人信息。 14. 　　　　　 　　　　　your online accounts， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a “strong and long” password. 为了保护你的在线账户，使用一个“强度高且长的”密码是很重要的。 15. Remember that 　　　　　　　　　　online has costs. 记住，网上的不良行为是有代价的。 16. 　　　　　， 　　　　your parents， teachers or other trusted adults 　　　　　　　　　　. 相反，请向你的父母、老师或其他值得信赖的成年人寻求帮助。 语法 动词不定式做目的状语 语音 辅音连缀 二、知识点精讲 知识点1： Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone.突然，我对面的一个女孩开始用手机大声播放音乐。（教材P68） 【详解】opposite /ˈɒpəzət/ prep.在……的对面= across from The bank is opposite the supermarket (= on the other side of the road) .银行在超市的正对面. adj 对面的 ;另一边的 只用在名词之前 We live on the opposite side of the road.我们住在马路对面。 n. 对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面 •Hot and cold are opposites.热和冷是对立面。 •What is the opposite of heavy?重的反义词是什么？ 【即时即练】汉译英：图书馆就在我们学校对面。要到那儿，我们只需穿过街道。 The library is __________ our school. To get there, we just need to cross the street. 知识点2：It was like he was on a picnic.他好像在野餐一样。（教材P69） picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n.野餐 be on a picnic　在野餐 have a picnic 野餐 go for a picnic =go on a picnic 去野餐 •It's a nice day. Let's go for a picnic .天气不错；咱们去野餐吧。 v.野餐picnicked , picnicked , picnicking No picnicking allowed. 禁止野餐。 【即时即练】汉译英 1. Jane and I are going to __________ __________ __________ this Sunday.我和简打算这周日去野餐。 2. Would you like to __________ __________ __________ __________ with us?你想和我们一起去野餐吗？ 知识点3：I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl.我捂住耳朵，以阻挡“摇滚 女孩”发出的噪声。（教材P69） 【详解】 noise /nɔɪz/ n. c / u a sound, especially when it is loud, unpleasant or disturbing声音；响声；噪音；吵闹声 既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。 -noisy adj make（a）noise 制造噪声，发出声音 noise n - noisy adj 吵闹的；嘈杂的 - noisily adv 吵闹地 ，嘈杂地 - noisier - noisiest •Don’t make a noise . 别出声。 •They were making too much noise.他们的噪声太大了。 辨析noise, sound与voice 类别 核心含义 使用场景 例句 sound 通用词，泛指一切可闻声 无生命物体发声、自然现象、中性声音 1. We heard a strange sound in the dark.（黑暗中听到奇怪的声音） 2. The sound of waves is calming.（海浪声很舒缓） noise 刺耳、无规律、干扰性的噪音 机器声、喧哗声、无意义的刺耳声 1. The traffic noise outside kept me awake.（外面的交通噪音让我睡不着）2. The children’s noise in the next room is annoying.（隔壁房间孩子们的吵闹声很烦人） voice 人 / 动物的嗓音、发声 说话声、歌声、动物叫声 1. His voice is deep and clear.他的声音低沉清晰 2. Birds use their voices to communicate.鸟类用叫声交流 【即时即练】 一、选择题 1 We can hear the _____ of the river flowing through the village. A. noise B. sound C. voice 2 The baby’s _____ is very soft when she cries. A. noise B. sound C. voice 3 Please turn down the TV—its _____ is disturbing my work. A. noise B. sound C. voice 4 Do you like the _____ of classical music? A. noise B. sound C. voice 5 The teacher’s _____ is loud enough for all students to hear. A. noise B. sound C. voice 知识点4：I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.我捂住鼻子，以 减少来自“难闻食物先生”的气味。（教材P69） reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v 减少 ；减少；降低 - increase v增加 to make sth less or smaller in size, quantity, price, etc.减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等） reduce sth (from sth) (to sth) ; reduce sth (by sth) •Reduce speed now (= on a sign) .减速行驶。 •The number of students was reduced from 40 to 25.学生人数从40人减少到了25人。 •Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year.过去一年，各项费用已经减少了20%。 so as to 连词短语，“为了、以便”，用来表示目的，后面接动词原形。 1表目的，强调 “为了达成某个结果而做某事”。 2后面必须跟动词原形，不能接名词或句子。 3可放在句子中间或结尾，语气比 “in order to” 稍简洁。 She studies hard so as to get good grades in the exam.她努力学习，为了在考试中取得好成绩。 I got up early so as to catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便赶上第一班车。 We practice speaking English every day so as to improve our skills.我们每天练习说英语，为了提升口语能力。 He took a notebook so as to write down important points.他带了笔记本，以便记下重点内容。 辨析so as to 与 in order to 对比维度 so as to in order to 语气强度 较委婉、简洁 更正式、强调目的 否定形式 只能说 “so as not to” 可说 “in order not to”（更常用） 句首位置 不能放在句首（×） 可以放在句首（√） 1. 肯定句用法（最基础考点） 1. （句中）We save money so as to buy a new bike.我们存钱，为了买一辆新自行车。 1. （句首）In order to improve math, he takes extra classes.为了提高数学，他参加了课外班。 ✅ 注意：不能说 So as to improve math, he takes extra classes. 2. 否定句用法（易错考点） 1. I walk quietly so as not to wake my baby sister.我轻轻走路，以免吵醒我的小妹妹。 1. She writes down homework in order not to forget it.她把作业写下来，以防忘记。 ✅ 提示：否定形式都是在 “to” 前面加 “not”，两种表达都常用，无对错区别。 3. 替换应用（写作加分考点） 在作文中，同一目的可以用两种表达替换，避免重复： 1. 原句：We plant trees so as to make our city beautiful. 1. 替换句：In order to make our city beautiful, we plant trees.（调整位置，句式更丰富） 知识点5：Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat.这时，我身后的一个男孩开始踢我的座位。（教材P69） 【详解】 seat /si:t/ n. 座，座位 seat n - sit v She sat back in her seat . v 使就座 ；使坐下 Please be seated . seat oneself - sit down - take / have a seat = be seated 坐下 He seated himself at the desk. = He took / had a seat at the desk. =he was seated at the desk. =He sat down at the desk. 【即学即练】 汉译英 1. Excuse me, could I__________ __________ __________？打扰了,我可以坐这个座位吗？ 2. Dinner is ready. Please __________ your __________ 晚饭准备好了。请入座吧。 3. I want to book __________ __________ next to the window.我想订一个靠窗的座位。 【语境串记】用sit ，seat的适当形式填空 I got on the school bus and wanted __________ down. There was an empty__________ by the window, so I went over. My classmate Lily saw me and said: “You can __________ here—this __________ is free!” We smiled at each other and enjoyed the ride. 我上了校车，想找个座位坐下。靠窗有个空位，于是我走过去。我的同学莉莉看到我，说道：“你可以坐这儿——这个座位空着呢！”我们相视一笑，愉快地享受着车程。 知识点6 Standing up to bad behaviour对不文明行为说“不”（教材P70） stand up to抵抗；勇敢反对 It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.她能站出来反抗那些霸凌者，真是太勇敢了。 stand up for支持；维护 You have to stand up for yourself.你必须为自己挺身而出。 【即学即练】 汉译英 当我朋友让我把作业给他抄时，我选择勇敢反对这个不好的想法，告诉他我们应该自己完成作业。 When my friend asked me to copy my homework, I chose to _________ _________ _________ this bad idea and told him we should do it by ourselves. 知识点7 I picked up the pieces / clean up the mess我捡起碎片/收拾了一下（教材P71） pick up捡起，拾起 pick+名词+up=pick up+名词 pick+人称代词+up Cleaners pick up rubbish to keep our environment clean.清洁工捡拾垃圾以保持环境清洁。 There is a book on the ground. Please pick it up.地上有一本书,请把它捡起来吧。 Look, the books are on the floor. Please pick them up. 看,书在地上,请把它们捡起来。 接电话 I called you last night, but you didn’t pick up.我昨晚给你打电话了,但是你没接。 搭载；（开车）接人Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister？我们去机场接你妹妹好吗？ 收拾；整理 Will you pick up all your toys?把你的玩具都收起来好吗？ （偶然）得到,听到,学会 Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. 上周,我学了一个流行的烹饪鱼的食谱。（苏州中考） 知识点8： His honesty made me respect him.他的诚实让我敬佩。（教材P71） honesty /ˈɒnəsti/ n.诚实，正直；坦诚 honest adj.诚实的；坦诚的 be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 be honest about sth 对某事坦诚 to be honest 说实话， 老实说 Honesty can lead me forward and make my future more colorful.诚实可以指引我前进，让我的未来更加多姿多彩。（滨州中考） respect /rɪˈspekt/ v.尊重 及物动词 后常接名词或代词作宾语。 respect sb. for（doing）sth.因（做）某事而尊敬某人 I respect their views, although I do not agree with them.虽然我不同意,但是我尊重他们的观点。 We respect him as a great leader.我们尊敬他是一位伟大的领袖。 I respect her for her honesty.我敬佩她的诚实。 respect 不可数名词 尊敬 常与介词for连用 show respect for...向……表示尊敬 Later she comes to understand their lifestyle and respect for nature.后来，她开始理解他们的生活方式和对大自然的尊重。 We teenagers should show respect for our elders.我们青少年应该尊敬长辈。 I have the greatest respect for your brother.我非常尊敬你的哥哥。 知识点9：sharing my story/spread some happiness 分享我的故事/传播一些快乐（教材P71） spread /spred/ -spread -spread to affect or make sth affect, be known by, or used by more and more people v.传播；散布；（使）流传 The news spread quickly.消息很快传开了。 He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection.现在，他正在传播环保知识。 n传播；扩散 u to prevent the spread of disease防止疾病的传播 【即学即练】 汉译英 1 我们应该经常洗手，防止细菌传播。 We should wash hands often to stop germs from __________ . 2 学校旅行的消息在所有学生中传播得很快。 The news of the school trip____________quickly among all students. 3 她做作业前，在桌子上铺了一块干净的布。 She ___________a clean cloth on the desk before doing homework. 4 春天，暖风扩散到整个村庄。In spring, the warm wind___________ across the whole village. 5 英语的传播帮助不同国家的人交流。 The ___________ of English helps people from different countries communicate. 6 我们需要减缓熬夜这类坏习惯的扩散。We need to slow down the ___________of bad habits like staying up late. 7大火的蔓延被勇敢的消防员阻止了。 The ___________ of the fire was stopped by the brave firefighters. 8 每年四月，公园里的花分布范围很广。 There’s a wide ___________of flowers in the park every April. 知识点10：an experienced lawyer资深律师（教材P74） experienced /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/ adj.经验丰富的，有经验的 句中可作定语或表语。 be experienced in在……方面经验丰富 He is an experienced pilot.他是一个经验丰富的飞行员。 【即学即练】 汉译英 1 她有十多年教学经验。 She has over___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. 2 那是她第一次单独生活。 It was her ___________ ___________ ___________living alone. 3 每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。 Everyone ___________ these problems at some time in their lives. 4 她在照顾动物方面很有经验。 She’s very ___________ ___________ looking after animals. 5 通过这次经历，我学到了很多。 Through this ___________, I have learnt a lot. 1 不可数名词the knowledge and skill that you have gained through doing sth for a period of time; the process of gaining this（由实践得来的）经验；实践 2 可数名词 experience (of sth)an event or activity that affects you in some way（一次）经历，体验 3 v. to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you经历；经受 知识点11： A programme’s introduction helps people decide whether to listen or not.节目介绍能帮助人们决定是否要收听。（教材P74） 【详解】 whether /ˈweðə/ conj. 是否 连词,意为“是否”,常用来引导宾语从句,有时可与if互换; whether可以和动词不定式或or not连用。 — Most of us don’t know whether/if we will have a picnic this weekend.我们大多数人都不知道这个周末是否会去野餐。 —Our teachers haven’t decided whether to go or not.我们的老师还没有决定去还是不去。 知识点12：Xinyan’s argument 新燕的论点（教材P75） argument /ˈɑ:gjəmənt/ n.论点，论据［可数名词］ argument for/against 赞成/反对……的论据 Do you have any evidence to support your argument?你有证据支持你的论点吗？ There are strong arguments against smoking. 反对吸烟的理由非常充分。 n 争论，争吵 have an argument（with sb.）（与某人）争论 I had a big argument with my friend this morning. 今天早上我和朋友大吵了一架。 -argue v argue with sb 与某人争吵 【语境练单词】 Lisa and Tom started to___________ loudly after class because they disagreed on the homework answer.Their ___________lasted for ten minutes until the teacher came to stop them. Tom tried to explain his___________clearly, saying he checked the textbook, but Lisa still didn’t agree.In the end, they decided to ask the teacher to judge whose ___________was right. 课后莉萨和汤姆因为对作业答案有分歧，开始大声争吵起来。他们的争吵持续了十分钟，直到老师过来制止。汤姆试图清晰地阐述自己的论点，说他查阅过课本，但莉萨仍然不认同。最后，他们决定让老师来评判谁的论点是正确的。 知识点13：Think 20 years back when chatting face to face with loved ones far away was a dream.想想20年前，与遥远的亲人面对面交谈还是一个梦想。（教材P76） face to face面对面地副词性短语，通常在句中作状语。 They sat face to face.他们面对面坐着。 I want to explain things face to face. 我想当面解释。 知识点14：Be aware of strangers.注意陌生人。（教材P77） aware /əˈweə/ adj.意识到的，明白的，知道的 作形容词，常被副词well、fully等修饰。be aware of+名词/代词/宾语从句 He was well aware of the problem.他很清楚这个问题。 I really want more people to become truly aware of what is happening to our planet.我真希望有更多的人能真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。 be aware+that从句 I was aware that she was trembling.我意识到她在发抖。 【语境练单词】用aware 的适当形式填空。 unaware adj 不知道；没意识到；未察觉 He was completely unaware of the whole affair. 他对整件事情一无所知。 awareness n 知道；认识；意识；兴趣 不可数 / 单数awareness (of sth) / awareness (that...) Everyone has an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet. 每个人认识到健康饮食的重要性。 The English Speech Contest 1. 并非所有学生都知道即将到来的英语演讲比赛。 Not all students _____ ______ ________ the upcoming English speech contest. 2. 老师让班长提高大家对这次好机会的认识。 Our teacher asked the monitor to raise everyone's___________ of this great opportunity. 3. 随着意识的提高，许多学生开始准备了。 With this increased __________, many students started to prepare. 4. 最后，老师提醒我们：“要注意，报名的截止日期是本周五。” Finally, the teacher reminded us, "____________ __________ that the deadline for signing up is this Friday." 5. 汤姆对这一切仍不知情，因为他那天请假了。 Tom was still_____________ of all this because he was absent that day. 知识点15：Instead, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help.相反，你应该向你的父母、 老师或其他值得信赖的成年人寻求帮助。（教材P77） turn to求助于，求教于后面可以接人或事物，且常与for连用。 她向一位朋友寻求支持。She turned to a friend for support. 他打算向儿子征求意见。He is going to turn to his son for advice. 三、语法清单 　 动词不定式作目的状语时,其否定形式一般不用“not+动词不定式”,而用“in order not+动词不定式”或“so as not+动词不定式”。 咱们快点儿,以免开会迟到。 (√)Let's hurry in order not to be(=so as not to be) late for the meeting.  (×)Let's hurry not to be late for the meeting. 除了作目的状语之外，动词不定式还可以作原因状语和结果状语等。 She’s sad to hear the news. 听到这个消息，她很难过。（表示原因） She awoke to find herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己在医院的病床上。（表示结果） 【即学即练】 一、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1. We work harder so that we can get better grades. (改为同义句) We work harder __________ __________ __________/ __________ __________ __________ get better grades. 2. He wears a coat. He wants to protect himself from the cold wind. (合并为一句) He wears a coat __________ __________ himself from the cold wind. 3. He takes exercise every day in order to keep fit. (改为同义句) He takes exercise every day __________ __________ he 　 keep fit. 4. Mary got up early this morning so that she could catch the early bus. (改为同义句) Mary got up early this morning so as 　 　 to 　 　 the early bus. 5. She went to the park to meet her friends. (改为否定句) She went to the park __________ __________ __________ her friends. 6. He always brings a notebook with him in order to write down what he sees. (对画线部分提问) __________ __________ he always bring a notebook with him？ 二、用括号中所给词将两个句子合并为一句 1 Jack never chats in class. He needs to listen to the teacher carefully. (in order to) Jack never chats in class _________________ listen to the teacher carefully./_________________ listen to the teacher carefully， Jack never chats in class. 2 Lucy gets up at 6：30 am in the morning. She wants to arrive at school on time. (so as to) Lucy gets up at 6：30 am in the morning _________________ arrive at school on time. 3 My grandma runs for half an hour every day. She hopes to stay healthy. (in order to) My grandma runs for half an hour every day _________________stay healthy./_________________ stay healthy， my grandma runs for half an hour every day. 4 I never listen to music while I am walking. I want to stay safe on the road. (to) I never listen to music while I am walking_________________ on the road./_________________ on the road， I never listen to music while I am walking. 5 You should arrive at least 10 minutes early. You want to have enough time to prepare for the meeting. (to) You should arrive at least 10 minutes early _________________ enough time to prepare for the meeting./_________________ enough time to prepare for the meeting，you should arrive at least 10 minutes early. 三 、短文填空：用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。 make　sleep　reduce　express　get　appear After a two-day trip， Mia was so tired. She planned 1.   some sleep on the train. As soon as she got on the train，she felt worried. Her seat was next to a woman with a baby boy！ “Would he cry all the way？” This question kept 2. in her mind. To her surprise， everything went well. 3. noise， the woman held the baby in her arms. It seemed that the baby enjoyed 4.   in his mother’s arms very much. Once he woke up， his mother comforted him softly in order not 5. him cry and not to affect others. The whole passenger carriage(车厢) was quiet and peaceful. This mother not only followed the rules but also set a good example for others. Mia gave her a big smile so as 6 . thanks. Mia was very happy to have such a perfect trip. 四、语音清单 /bl/ 辅音连缀 black blender block blow blue blanket /pl/ 辅音连缀 plane, plate, plus /kl/ 辅音连缀 class clock cloud climb /fl/ 辅音连缀 fly flower flesh floor /ɡl/ 辅音连缀 glad glue glass globe /sl/ 辅音连缀 slim sleep sleepy slow 五、写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元以“规则”为话题, 属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群。该话题通常以说明文或应用文(如书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)的形式出现。常见的写作角度涉及: ①谈论班级与学校规则、家庭规则、交通规则、公共场所规则及安全规则等; ②谈论遵守规则的重要性; ③制定日常生活中常见的公共场所规则。 2 .写作内容 假如你是李平，你的英国笔友Peter因为学校和家庭中有太多的规则需要遵守而苦恼。请你根据以下信息，给他写一封回信，谈谈你的看法，并告诉他如何做一名遵守规则的中学生。 写作要点： 1.因他的信任而高兴。 2.你的看法： (1)遵守规则是重要的； (2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。 3.告诉他如何做一名遵守规则(obey the rules)的中学生。 写作要求： 1.不得使用其实的姓名和学校名。 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。 4.80-100词。 Dear Peter, How’s it going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Ping 3. 写作思路:本文为一篇书信作文,本文时态为一般现在时，人称以第一人称和第二人称为主。第一段要表达因得到对方的信任而感到高兴，并谈谈对遵守规则的看法：(1)遵守规则是重要的；(2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。第二段要告诉对方具体如何做一名遵守规则的中学生，即提建议。提建议时，可用情态动词should和固定句式“You’d better not...”等，使语气更委婉。最后，总结全文、表达祝福，并署名。 4. 写作步骤详解 5. 范例作文 Dear Peter, How’s it going? I am very happy for your trust and here is some advice for your problem. You feel quite upset because you have too many rules to obey.In my opinion, following rules is important and it makes us popular. To be a rule-follower, first, you need to understand why rules are necessary. Then, you can put this understanding into action. As long as you have the awareness , you can start from doing the small things in daily life. For example, you should listen to teachers carefully in class instead of making a noise. At school, you'd better not run after others . When you have different ideas from your parents, communicate with them patiently. I hope my advice is helpful to you . Best wishes! Yours, Li Ping 6.实战演练 国有国法，家有家规，所谓无规矩不成方圆，假如你叫李华，某英文杂志举行以“No Rules, No Order!”为主题的征文比赛。请你根据下面的问题提示，撰写一篇英语文章进行投稿。 1. What rules do you have in your family and school? 2. How do you know the importance of the rules? Share your experience. 3. What can we get from the rules? 要求： 1. 词数80左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数； 2. 语言通顺，条理清楚，书写规范； 3. 文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。 No Rules, No Order Hello, I’m Li Hua. Rules are important in our life. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Play by the rules ? （知识清单）（答案版） 一、单元词汇 单词 1. 　opposite　 prep. 在……的对面　　　　　2. 　packet　 n. 小包，小盒，小袋 3. 　picnic　 n. 野餐 4. 　smelly　 adj. 有臭味的 5. 　cheese　 n. 干酪，奶酪 6. 　noise　 n. 噪声；嘈杂声 7. 　reduce　 v. 减少；缩小；降低 8. 　kick　 v. 踢 9. 　seat　 n. 座，座位 10. 　passenger　 n. 乘客，旅客 11. 　anything　 pron. 任何事物都(没有) 12. 　fool　 n. 蠢人，傻子，笨蛋 13. 　sign　 n. 标记；指示牌，标牌 14. 　throat　 n. 喉咙，咽喉 15. 　responsibility　 n. 责任 16. 　cause　 n. 原因，起因 17. 　belt　 n. 腰带，皮带 18. 　station　 n. 车站 19. 　flowerpot　 n. 花盆 20. 　mess　 n. 脏乱；凌乱 21. 　honesty　 n. 诚实，正直；坦诚 22. 　spread　 v. 传播 1. 　law　 n. 法则，法令　　　　　　　　　　　　2. 　lawyer　 n. 律师 3. 　urgent　 adj. 紧急的，急迫的 4. 　citizen　 n. 公民；市民，城镇居民 5. 　click　 n. 点击(鼠标) 6. 　basic　 adj. 基础的，基本的，根本的 7. 　personal　 adj. 个人的，私人的 8. 　private　 adj. 个人的，秘密的 9. 　avoid　 v. 避免 10. 　address　 n. 地址 11. 　passport　 n. 护照 12. 　limit　 v. 限制，限定 13. 　careless　 adj. 不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的 14. 　aware　 adj. 注意到的，察觉到的 15. 　cheat　 v. 欺诈，欺骗 16. 　trust　 v. 信任，信赖，相信 17. 　enemy　 n. 敌人 18. 　behave　 v. 表现 19. 　cyberbullying　 n. 网络霸凌(欺凌) 短语 Understanding ideas 1. 　agree with　 同意　　　　　　　　　　　2. 　play loud music　 大声播放音乐 3. 　kick one’s seat　 踢某人的座位 4. 　get on　 上车 5. 　jump up　 跳起来 6. 　in surprise　 惊讶地 7. 　so as to.../in order to...　 为了…… 8. 　look after　 照顾，照料 9. 　take a deep breath　 深呼吸 10. 　clear your throat　 清清嗓子 11. 　stand up to　 抵抗 12. 　break the rules　 违反规则 13. 　seat belt　 安全带 14. 　stay safe　 保持安全 15. 　pick up　 捡起 16. 　clean up the mess　 清理杂物 17. 　follow the rules/a rule　 遵守规则 18. 　in one’s heart　 在某人心里 Developing ideas 1. 　traffic laws　 交通法规 　　2. 　at once　 立即，立刻 3. 　in some urgent situations　 在一些紧急情况下 4. 　cause an accident　 造成事故 5. 　take part in　 参加 6. 　in conclusion　 总之，最后 7. 　post personal information　 发布个人信息 8. 　face to face　 面对面 9. 　get in touch with　 与……取得联系 10. 　stay safe　 保持安全 11. 　avoid doing sth.　 避免做某事 12. 　be aware of　 意识到 13. 　in real life　 在现实生活中 14. 　be careful with...　 小心…… 15. 　ask for help　 寻求帮助 16. 　in hot water　 遇到麻烦 17. 　turn to...for help　 向……寻求帮助 句型 1. 　What　 　a　 　shock　！多么让人震惊！ 2. I covered my nose 　so　 　as　 　to　 　reduce　 the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 我捂住鼻子，以减少来自“难闻食物先生”的气味。 3. My face turned 　as　 　red　 　as　 a tomato！ 我的脸变得像番茄一样红了！ 4. I 　asked　 　him　 　to　 　stop　. However， his mother replied， “　Come　 　on　， he’s just a kid.” 我要求他停下来。但他的母亲回答说：“别这样，他只是个孩子。” 5. They also 　seemed　 　unhappy　， but no one did 　anything　. 他们似乎也不开心，但没有人做什么。 6. They aren’t just on the wall but also 　in　 　our　 　minds　 　and　 　hearts　. 它们不仅仅在墙上，还在我们的脑海和心中。 7. And rules are there 　for　 　us　 　to　 　follow　！ 规则存在就是为了我们去遵守！ 8. I’m sharing my story to 　spread　 　some　 　happiness　. 我正在分享我的故事来传播一些幸福。 9. 　To　 　be　， 　or　 　not　 　to　 　be　： that is the question. 生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。 10. Is your team 　for　 　or　 　against　 the topic？ 你的团队是支持还是反对这个话题？ 11. Nowadays， the internet has made it 　a　 　piece　 　of　 　cake　！ 如今，互联网已经让它变得轻而易举！ 12. There are so many netizens， 　that　 　is　， citizens on the internet！ 有这么多的网民，也就是说，在互联网上的公民！ 13. 　Avoid　 　posting　 personal information online. 避免在网上发布个人信息。 14. 　To　 　protect　 your online accounts， 　it’s　 　important　 　to　 　use　 a “strong and long” password. 为了保护你的在线账户，使用一个“强度高且长的”密码是很重要的。 15. Remember that 　behaving　 　badly　 online has costs. 记住，网上的不良行为是有代价的。 16. 　Instead　， 　turn　 　to　 your parents， teachers or other trusted adults 　for　 　help　. 相反，请向你的父母、老师或其他值得信赖的成年人寻求帮助。 语法 动词不定式做目的状语 语音 辅音连缀 二、知识点精讲 知识点1： Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone.突然，我对面的一个女孩开始用手机大声播放音乐。（教材P68） 【详解】opposite /ˈɒpəzət/ prep.在……的对面= across from The bank is opposite the supermarket (= on the other side of the road) .银行在超市的正对面. adj 对面的 ;另一边的 只用在名词之前 We live on the opposite side of the road.我们住在马路对面。 n. 对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面 •Hot and cold are opposites.热和冷是对立面。 •What is the opposite of heavy?重的反义词是什么？ 【即时即练】汉译英：图书馆就在我们学校对面。要到那儿，我们只需穿过街道。 The library is opposite our school. To get there, we just need to cross the street. 知识点2：It was like he was on a picnic.他好像在野餐一样。（教材P69） picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n.野餐 be on a picnic　在野餐 have a picnic 野餐 go for a picnic =go on a picnic 去野餐 •It's a nice day. Let's go for a picnic .天气不错；咱们去野餐吧。 v.野餐picnicked , picnicked , picnicking No picnicking allowed. 禁止野餐。 【即时即练】汉译英 1. Jane and I are going to have a picnic this Sunday.我和简打算这周日去野餐。 2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?你想和我们一起去野餐吗？ 知识点3：I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl.我捂住耳朵，以阻挡“摇滚 女孩”发出的噪声。（教材P69） 【详解】 noise /nɔɪz/ n. c / u a sound, especially when it is loud, unpleasant or disturbing声音；响声；噪音；吵闹声 既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。 -noisy adj make（a）noise 制造噪声，发出声音 noise n - noisy adj 吵闹的；嘈杂的 - noisily adv 吵闹地 ，嘈杂地 - noisier - noisiest •Don’t make a noise . 别出声。 •They were making too much noise.他们的噪声太大了。 辨析noise, sound与voice 类别 核心含义 使用场景 例句 sound 通用词，泛指一切可闻声 无生命物体发声、自然现象、中性声音 1. We heard a strange sound in the dark.（黑暗中听到奇怪的声音） 2. The sound of waves is calming.（海浪声很舒缓） noise 刺耳、无规律、干扰性的噪音 机器声、喧哗声、无意义的刺耳声 1. The traffic noise outside kept me awake.（外面的交通噪音让我睡不着）2. The children’s noise in the next room is annoying.（隔壁房间孩子们的吵闹声很烦人） voice 人 / 动物的嗓音、发声 说话声、歌声、动物叫声 1. His voice is deep and clear.他的声音低沉清晰 2. Birds use their voices to communicate.鸟类用叫声交流 【即时即练】 一、选择题 1 We can hear the _____ of the river flowing through the village. A. noise B. sound C. voice 2 The baby’s _____ is very soft when she cries. A. noise B. sound C. voice 3 Please turn down the TV—its _____ is disturbing my work. A. noise B. sound C. voice 4 Do you like the _____ of classical music? A. noise B. sound C. voice 5 The teacher’s _____ is loud enough for all students to hear. A. noise B. sound C. voice 【答案】1 B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 【解析】 1. 答案：B（sound）河流流动的声音是自然现象产生的中性声音，无褒贬也无干扰性，符合 sound “泛指一切可闻声” 的用法。 2. 答案：C（voice）婴儿哭泣的声音属于 “人的发声”，强调个体的嗓音，对应 voice 的专属场景，而非泛泛的 sound 或干扰性的 noise。 3. 答案：A（noise）电视声音干扰了工作，带有 “干扰性”，符合 noise“刺耳、造成干扰的噪音” 的贬义属性。 4. 答案：B（sound）古典音乐的声音是中性的、可被感知的声音，无 “嗓音” 或 “噪音” 的特指，用 sound 最恰当。 5. 答案：C（voice）老师的声音是 “说话的嗓音”，专门指人的发声，属于 voice 的核心使用场景，不能用 sound（泛称）或 noise（贬义噪音）。 知识点4：I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.我捂住鼻子，以 减少来自“难闻食物先生”的气味。（教材P69） reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v 减少 ；减少；降低 - increase v增加 to make sth less or smaller in size, quantity, price, etc.减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等） reduce sth (from sth) (to sth) ; reduce sth (by sth) •Reduce speed now (= on a sign) .减速行驶。 •The number of students was reduced from 40 to 25.学生人数从40人减少到了25人。 •Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year.过去一年，各项费用已经减少了20%。 so as to 连词短语，“为了、以便”，用来表示目的，后面接动词原形。 1表目的，强调 “为了达成某个结果而做某事”。 2后面必须跟动词原形，不能接名词或句子。 3可放在句子中间或结尾，语气比 “in order to” 稍简洁。 She studies hard so as to get good grades in the exam.她努力学习，为了在考试中取得好成绩。 I got up early so as to catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便赶上第一班车。 We practice speaking English every day so as to improve our skills.我们每天练习说英语，为了提升口语能力。 He took a notebook so as to write down important points.他带了笔记本，以便记下重点内容。 辨析so as to 与 in order to 对比维度 so as to in order to 语气强度 较委婉、简洁 更正式、强调目的 否定形式 只能说 “so as not to” 可说 “in order not to”（更常用） 句首位置 不能放在句首（×） 可以放在句首（√） 1. 肯定句用法（最基础考点） 1. （句中）We save money so as to buy a new bike.我们存钱，为了买一辆新自行车。 1. （句首）In order to improve math, he takes extra classes.为了提高数学，他参加了课外班。 ✅ 注意：不能说 So as to improve math, he takes extra classes. 2. 否定句用法（易错考点） 1. I walk quietly so as not to wake my baby sister.我轻轻走路，以免吵醒我的小妹妹。 1. She writes down homework in order not to forget it.她把作业写下来，以防忘记。 ✅ 提示：否定形式都是在 “to” 前面加 “not”，两种表达都常用，无对错区别。 3. 替换应用（写作加分考点） 在作文中，同一目的可以用两种表达替换，避免重复： 1. 原句：We plant trees so as to make our city beautiful. 1. 替换句：In order to make our city beautiful, we plant trees.（调整位置，句式更丰富） 知识点5：Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat.这时，我身后的一个男孩开始踢我的座位。（教材P69） 【详解】 seat /si:t/ n. 座，座位 seat n - sit v She sat back in her seat . v 使就座 ；使坐下 Please be seated . seat oneself - sit down - take / have a seat = be seated 坐下 He seated himself at the desk. = He took / had a seat at the desk. =he was seated at the desk. =He sat down at the desk. 【即学即练】 汉译英 1. Excuse me, could I take this seat？打扰了,我可以坐这个座位吗？ 2. Dinner is ready. Please take your seats. 晚饭准备好了。请入座吧。 3. I want to book a seat next to the window.我想订一个靠窗的座位。 【语境串记】用sit ，seat的适当形式填空 I got on the school bus and wanted to sit down. There was an empty seat by the window, so I went over. My classmate Lily saw me and said: “You can sit here—this seat is free!” We smiled at each other and enjoyed the ride. 我上了校车，想找个座位坐下。靠窗有个空位，于是我走过去。我的同学莉莉看到我，说道：“你可以坐这儿——这个座位空着呢！”我们相视一笑，愉快地享受着车程。 知识点6 Standing up to bad behaviour对不文明行为说“不”（教材P70） stand up to抵抗；勇敢反对 It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.她能站出来反抗那些霸凌者，真是太勇敢了。 stand up for支持；维护 You have to stand up for yourself.你必须为自己挺身而出。 【即学即练】 汉译英 当我朋友让我把作业给他抄时，我选择勇敢反对这个不好的想法，告诉他我们应该自己完成作业。 When my friend asked me to copy my homework, I chose to stand up to this bad idea and told him we should do it by ourselves. 知识点7 I picked up the pieces / clean up the mess我捡起碎片/收拾了一下（教材P71） pick up捡起，拾起 pick+名词+up=pick up+名词 pick+人称代词+up Cleaners pick up rubbish to keep our environment clean.清洁工捡拾垃圾以保持环境清洁。 There is a book on the ground. Please pick it up.地上有一本书,请把它捡起来吧。 Look, the books are on the floor. Please pick them up. 看,书在地上,请把它们捡起来。 接电话 I called you last night, but you didn’t pick up.我昨晚给你打电话了,但是你没接。 搭载；（开车）接人Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister？我们去机场接你妹妹好吗？ 收拾；整理 Will you pick up all your toys?把你的玩具都收起来好吗？ （偶然）得到,听到,学会 Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. 上周,我学了一个流行的烹饪鱼的食谱。（苏州中考） 知识点8： His honesty made me respect him.他的诚实让我敬佩。（教材P71） honesty /ˈɒnəsti/ n.诚实，正直；坦诚 honest adj.诚实的；坦诚的 be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 be honest about sth 对某事坦诚 to be honest 说实话， 老实说 Honesty can lead me forward and make my future more colorful.诚实可以指引我前进，让我的未来更加多姿多彩。（滨州中考） respect /rɪˈspekt/ v.尊重 及物动词 后常接名词或代词作宾语。 respect sb. for（doing）sth.因（做）某事而尊敬某人 I respect their views, although I do not agree with them.虽然我不同意,但是我尊重他们的观点。 We respect him as a great leader.我们尊敬他是一位伟大的领袖。 I respect her for her honesty.我敬佩她的诚实。 respect 不可数名词 尊敬 常与介词for连用 show respect for...向……表示尊敬 Later she comes to understand their lifestyle and respect for nature.后来，她开始理解他们的生活方式和对大自然的尊重。 We teenagers should show respect for our elders.我们青少年应该尊敬长辈。 I have the greatest respect for your brother.我非常尊敬你的哥哥。 知识点9：sharing my story/spread some happiness 分享我的故事/传播一些快乐（教材P71） spread /spred/ -spread -spread to affect or make sth affect, be known by, or used by more and more people v.传播；散布；（使）流传 The news spread quickly.消息很快传开了。 He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection.现在，他正在传播环保知识。 n传播；扩散 u to prevent the spread of disease防止疾病的传播 【即学即练】汉译英 1 我们应该经常洗手，防止细菌传播。 We should wash hands often to stop germs from spreading . 2 学校旅行的消息在所有学生中传播得很快。 The news of the school trip spread quickly among all students. 3 她做作业前，在桌子上铺了一块干净的布。 She spread a clean cloth on the desk before doing homework. 4 春天，暖风扩散到整个村庄。In spring, the warm wind spreads across the whole village. 5 英语的传播帮助不同国家的人交流。 The spread of English helps people from different countries communicate. 6 我们需要减缓熬夜这类坏习惯的扩散。We need to slow down the spread of bad habits like staying up late. 7大火的蔓延被勇敢的消防员阻止了。 The spread of the fire was stopped by the brave firefighters. 8 每年四月，公园里的花分布范围很广。 There’s a wide spread of flowers in the park every April. 知识点10：an experienced lawyer资深律师（教材P74） experienced /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/ adj.经验丰富的，有经验的 句中可作定语或表语。 be experienced in在……方面经验丰富 He is an experienced pilot.他是一个经验丰富的飞行员。 【即学即练】 汉译英 1 她有十多年教学经验。 She has over ten years' teaching experience. 2 那是她第一次单独生活。 It was her first experience of living alone. 3 每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。 Everyone experiences these problems at some time in their lives. 4 她在照顾动物方面很有经验。 She’s very experienced in looking after animals. 5 通过这次经历，我学到了很多。 Through this experience, I have learnt a lot. 1 不可数名词the knowledge and skill that you have gained through doing sth for a period of time; the process of gaining this（由实践得来的）经验；实践 2 可数名词 experience (of sth)an event or activity that affects you in some way（一次）经历，体验 3 v. to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you经历；经受 知识点11： A programme’s introduction helps people decide whether to listen or not.节目介绍能帮助人们决定是否要收听。（教材P74） 【详解】 whether /ˈweðə/ conj. 是否 连词,意为“是否”,常用来引导宾语从句,有时可与if互换; whether可以和动词不定式或or not连用。 — Most of us don’t know whether/if we will have a picnic this weekend.我们大多数人都不知道这个周末是否会去野餐。 —Our teachers haven’t decided whether to go or not.我们的老师还没有决定去还是不去。 知识点12：Xinyan’s argument 新燕的论点（教材P75） argument /ˈɑ:gjəmənt/ n.论点，论据［可数名词］ argument for/against 赞成/反对……的论据 Do you have any evidence to support your argument?你有证据支持你的论点吗？ There are strong arguments against smoking. 反对吸烟的理由非常充分。 n 争论，争吵 have an argument（with sb.）（与某人）争论 I had a big argument with my friend this morning. 今天早上我和朋友大吵了一架。 -argue v argue with sb 与某人争吵 【语境练单词】 Lisa and Tom started to argue loudly after class because they disagreed on the homework answer.Their argument lasted for ten minutes until the teacher came to stop them. Tom tried to explain his argument clearly, saying he checked the textbook, but Lisa still didn’t agree.In the end, they decided to ask the teacher to judge whose argument was right. 课后莉萨和汤姆因为对作业答案有分歧，开始大声争吵起来。他们的争吵持续了十分钟，直到老师过来制止。汤姆试图清晰地阐述自己的论点，说他查阅过课本，但莉萨仍然不认同。最后，他们决定让老师来评判谁的论点是正确的。 知识点13：Think 20 years back when chatting face to face with loved ones far away was a dream.想想20年前，与遥远的亲人面对面交谈还是一个梦想。（教材P76） face to face面对面地副词性短语，通常在句中作状语。 They sat face to face.他们面对面坐着。 I want to explain things face to face. 我想当面解释。 知识点14：Be aware of strangers.注意陌生人。（教材P77） aware /əˈweə/ adj.意识到的，明白的，知道的 作形容词，常被副词well、fully等修饰。be aware of+名词/代词/宾语从句 He was well aware of the problem.他很清楚这个问题。 I really want more people to become truly aware of what is happening to our planet.我真希望有更多的人能真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。 be aware+that从句 I was aware that she was trembling.我意识到她在发抖。 【语境练单词】用aware 的适当形式填空。 unaware adj 不知道；没意识到；未察觉 He was completely unaware of the whole affair. 他对整件事情一无所知。 awareness n 知道；认识；意识；兴趣 不可数 / 单数awareness (of sth) / awareness (that...) Everyone has an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet. 每个人认识到健康饮食的重要性。 The English Speech Contest 1. 并非所有学生都知道即将到来的英语演讲比赛。 Not all students _____ ______ ________ the upcoming English speech contest. 2. 老师让班长提高大家对这次好机会的认识。 Our teacher asked the monitor to raise everyone's___________ of this great opportunity. 3. 随着意识的提高，许多学生开始准备了。 With this increased __________, many students started to prepare. 4. 最后，老师提醒我们：“要注意，报名的截止日期是本周五。” Finally, the teacher reminded us, "____________ __________ that the deadline for signing up is this Friday." 5. 汤姆对这一切仍不知情，因为他那天请假了。 Tom was still_____________ of all this because he was absent that day. 【答案】 1 were aware of 2 awareness 3 awareness 4 be aware 5 unaware 知识点15：Instead, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help.相反，你应该向你的父母、 老师或其他值得信赖的成年人寻求帮助。（教材P77） turn to求助于，求教于后面可以接人或事物，且常与for连用。 她向一位朋友寻求支持。She turned to a friend for support. 他打算向儿子征求意见。He is going to turn to his son for advice. 三、语法清单 　 动词不定式作目的状语时,其否定形式一般不用“not+动词不定式”,而用“in order not+动词不定式”或“so as not+动词不定式”。 咱们快点儿,以免开会迟到。 (√)Let's hurry in order not to be(=so as not to be) late for the meeting.  (×)Let's hurry not to be late for the meeting. 除了作目的状语之外，动词不定式还可以作原因状语和结果状语等。 She’s sad to hear the news. 听到这个消息，她很难过。（表示原因） She awoke to find herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己在医院的病床上。（表示结果） 【即学即练】 一、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1. We work harder so that we can get better grades. (改为同义句) We work harder 　in　 　order　 　to　/　so　 　as　 　to　 get better grades. 2. He wears a coat. He wants to protect himself from the cold wind. (合并为一句) He wears a coat 　to　 　protect　 himself from the cold wind. 3. He takes exercise every day in order to keep fit. (改为同义句) He takes exercise every day 　so　 　that　 he 　can　 keep fit. 4. Mary got up early this morning so that she could catch the early bus. (改为同义句) Mary got up early this morning so as 　not　 to 　miss　 the early bus. 5. She went to the park to meet her friends. (改为否定句) She went to the park 　not　 　to　 　meet　 her friends. 6. He always brings a notebook with him in order to write down what he sees. (对画线部分提问) 　Why　 　does　 he always bring a notebook with him？ 二、用括号中所给词将两个句子合并为一句 1 Jack never chats in class. He needs to listen to the teacher carefully. (in order to) Jack never chats in class in order to listen to the teacher carefully./In order to listen to the teacher carefully， Jack never chats in class. 2 Lucy gets up at 6：30 am in the morning. She wants to arrive at school on time. (so as to) Lucy gets up at 6：30 am in the morning so as to arrive at school on time. 3 My grandma runs for half an hour every day. She hopes to stay healthy. (in order to) My grandma runs for half an hour every day in order to stay healthy./In order to stay healthy， my grandma runs for half an hour every day. 4 I never listen to music while I am walking. I want to stay safe on the road. (to) I never listen to music while I am walking to stay safe on the road./To stay safe on the road， I never listen to music while I am walking. 5 You should arrive at least 10 minutes early. You want to have enough time to prepare for the meeting. (to) You should arrive at least 10 minutes early to have enough time to prepare for the meeting./To have enough time to prepare for the meeting，you should arrive at least 10 minutes early. 三 、短文填空：用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。 make　sleep　reduce　express　get　appear After a two-day trip， Mia was so tired. She planned 1.  to get　some sleep on the train. As soon as she got on the train，she felt worried. Her seat was next to a woman with a baby boy！ “Would he cry all the way？” This question kept 2. appearing in her mind. To her surprise， everything went well. 3. To reduce noise， the woman held the baby in her arms. It seemed that the baby enjoyed 4.  sleeping in his mother’s arms very much. Once he woke up， his mother comforted him softly in order not 5. to make him cry and not to affect others. The whole passenger carriage(车厢) was quiet and peaceful. This mother not only followed the rules but also set a good example for others. Mia gave her a big smile so as 6 .to express thanks. Mia was very happy to have such a perfect trip. 四、语音清单 /bl/ 辅音连缀 black blender block blow blue blanket /pl/ 辅音连缀 plane, plate, plus /kl/ 辅音连缀 class clock cloud climb /fl/ 辅音连缀 fly flower flesh floor /ɡl/ 辅音连缀 glad glue glass globe /sl/ 辅音连缀 slim sleep sleepy slow 五、写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元以“规则”为话题, 属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群。该话题通常以说明文或应用文(如书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)的形式出现。常见的写作角度涉及: ①谈论班级与学校规则、家庭规则、交通规则、公共场所规则及安全规则等; ②谈论遵守规则的重要性; ③制定日常生活中常见的公共场所规则。 2 .写作内容 假如你是李平，你的英国笔友Peter因为学校和家庭中有太多的规则需要遵守而苦恼。请你根据以下信息，给他写一封回信，谈谈你的看法，并告诉他如何做一名遵守规则的中学生。 写作要点： 1.因他的信任而高兴。 2.你的看法： (1)遵守规则是重要的； (2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。 3.告诉他如何做一名遵守规则(obey the rules)的中学生。 写作要求： 1.不得使用其实的姓名和学校名。 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。 4.80-100词。 Dear Peter, How’s it going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Ping 3. 写作思路:本文为一篇书信作文,本文时态为一般现在时，人称以第一人称和第二人称为主。第一段要表达因得到对方的信任而感到高兴，并谈谈对遵守规则的看法：(1)遵守规则是重要的；(2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。第二段要告诉对方具体如何做一名遵守规则的中学生，即提建议。提建议时，可用情态动词should和固定句式“You’d better not...”等，使语气更委婉。最后，总结全文、表达祝福，并署名。 4. 写作步骤详解 5. 范例作文 Dear Peter, How’s it going? I am very happy for your trust and here is some advice for your problem. You feel quite upset because you have too many rules to obey.In my opinion, following rules is important and it makes us popular. To be a rule-follower, first, you need to understand why rules are necessary. Then, you can put this understanding into action. As long as you have the awareness , you can start from doing the small things in daily life. For example, you should listen to teachers carefully in class instead of making a noise. At school, you'd better not run after others . When you have different ideas from your parents, communicate with them patiently. I hope my advice is helpful to you . Best wishes! Yours, Li Ping 6.实战演练 国有国法，家有家规，所谓无规矩不成方圆，假如你叫李华，某英文杂志举行以“No Rules, No Order!”为主题的征文比赛。请你根据下面的问题提示，撰写一篇英语文章进行投稿。 1. What rules do you have in your family and school? 2. How do you know the importance of the rules? Share your experience. 3. What can we get from the rules? 要求： 1. 词数80左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数； 2. 语言通顺，条理清楚，书写规范； 3. 文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。 No Rules, No Order Hello, I’m Li Hua. Rules are important in our life. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 No Rules, No Order Hello, I’m Li Hua. Rules are important in our life. In my family, we have rules like finishing homework before screen time and helping with chores. At school, we must wear uniforms, respect teachers, and keep classrooms clean. I learned the importance of rules during a group project last term. Some classmates ignored deadlines, causing some problems. Finally, we failed to finish the work. This experience taught me that rules bring order and teamwork. Rules help us stay disciplined, build good habits, and create a fair environment. Without them, society would be messy. As the saying goes, “No rules, no order!” Let’s value and follow rules together. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $