Unit 5 The human brain（重难词汇精练）英语牛津上海版九年级上册

Unit 5 The human brain 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 记忆力；记性 ___________________ 头脑；大脑 ___________________ 短期的，近期的 ___________________ 长期的；长远的 ___________________ 发生故障；出毛病 ___________________ 必不可少的；极其重要的 ___________________ 伤害；使受伤 ___________________ 以后；后来 ___________________ 对…… 发怒，对…… 生气 ___________________ 最简单的；基础的 ___________________ 联系；连接（n. & v.） ___________________ 方法；措施 ___________________ 联想法 ___________________ 记忆；记住 ___________________ 有趣的；丰富多彩的 ___________________ 英里 ___________________ 纸牌 ___________________ 蜘蛛 ___________________ 激动人心的；给人印象深刻的 ___________________ 开幕式 ___________________ 典礼；仪式 ___________________ 奥林匹克运动会的 ___________________ 奥运会 ___________________ 想知道；想弄明白 ___________________ 进球得分 ___________________ 分数 ___________________ 理由；借口 ___________________ 出故障；抛锚 ___________________ 应该；最好 ___________________ 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．Food, clothing and shelter are all ________ necessities (必需品) of life. A．smart B．peaceful C．friendly D．basic 2．—The news says China’s Chang’e-6 moon mission returned to Earth with lunar soil. —Wow, that was a ________. A．secret B．pity C．chance D．wonder 3．When she was very young, she had a surprising ________ for dancing. A．medal B．gift C．mark D．form 4．—I heard that Michael has been training for the marathon for months. —That’s true! He’s really a strict man. He always ________ his training schedule, no matter how busy he is. A．breaks down B．runs after C．sticks to D．gives away 5．Many wild animals are in danger! The situation won’t change ________ humans stop hurting them. A．unless B．though C．so D．if 6．— I have no idea where to spend the coming winter holiday. — Why not ________ visiting Kunming? It’s known as “The Spring City”. A．suggest B．mind C．consider D．avoid 7．—Will AI take human art’s place in the near future? —Not really. AI just helps people with a lot of _______ work that doesn’t need emotions or creativity. A．total B．local C．social D．basic 8．I had to walk to school because the bus ________ on the way this morning. A．broke up B．broke down C．broke out D．broke in 9．—How do you usually ________ English words?   —I usually remember them by making word cards. A．memorize B．review C．pronounce D．translate 10．—Have you seen the 9-3 military parade (九三阅兵) on TV? —Yeah. I think it holds great importance and ________ China’s rapidly developing military. A．expresses B．increases C．marks D．admires 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．The (方法) of making wine is still in use today. 2．The falling leaves (标志) the arrival of autumn in this northern city. 3．The Great Wall is a man-made (奇观) with a long history. 4．The little girl dropped some paint onto her T-shirt, leaving some colorful (污点). 5．Can’t you think up a better e (借口) than that? 6．His television has again.（出毛病） 7．She is used to (记忆) new words in the morning. 8．Girls not to walk alone at night. (最好) 9．She was (生……的气) her brother for breaking her favorite toy. 10．He hasn’t got any hobbies— (除非) you call playing computer games a hobby. 三、根据首字母填空 1．My car has b down. Will you please give me a ride? 2．The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games opening c began at national stadium (体育场) on February 4th, “the beginning of spring”. 3．Mr. Chen gave a short speech on the graduation c , and his words encouraged me a lot. 4．She fell and i her shoulder in the earthquake. 5．“If you s to your dream, you will!” The headmaster replied. 6．So far, the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians (巴以冲突) has i thousands of people’s lives. 7．It was unbelievable that the competitor in the show Super Brain m so many numbers in just seconds. 8．If you set a g of life and stick to it, you will achieve it someday. 9．I often sleep with my windows open u it’s really cold outside. 10．Many people like watching old movies, listening to old songs or looking through old photos because these old things always bring them lots of sweet m . 四、用单词的适当形式填空 1．In Egypt, people celebrate Sham El-Nessim in April to (mark) the beginning of spring. 2．We were sorry to be absent from the lecture last week.（real） 3．I like the mascot very much, especially colour.（it） 4．—Mom, could I play video games for a while? —Unless your homework (complete). 5．He can use different (method) to work out the problem. 6．If you (not be) suitable for a designer, who could be? 7．If (breathe) in, the virus will cause many deaths. 8．A student won’t improve his grades unless he (develop) good study habits. 9．He has a good (memorize) and can remember English words quickly. 10．A little kindness can go a long way. If a classmate seems sad, (smile) to make him/her feel better. 词汇语境练-语篇 五、选词填空 A 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．by   B．if   C． a   D．in   E. the   F. to Maybe you’ll meet a word that you don’t know in an exam. Most students may be nervous 1 a dictionary is not around. But don’t worry! There are some ways 2 help you guess the meaning of a word. Read the whole sentence. Your first step is to go back and reread the whole sentence. Then try to think about what else is happening 3 the sentence. For example, maybe you are looking at a sentence that says, “It was a very sultry day in the middle of the summer.” Think about what you know about summer. It is likely that “sultry” has to do with 4 weather. Try guessing the meaning 5 the background. This will make it different from other parts and you’ll pick it from the rest of the sentence easily. You can often use other words in the sentence to help you find out the meaning of the unknown word. B Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once. (选择最恰当的选项填入空格) A．quiet  B．skills  C． depend on  D．focus  E. effective You have been familiar with the learning environment in your middle school, and it feels like home. So it is not always easy to say “bye-bye” to middle school. After entering high school, you may face some new challenges. The schoolwork may become more difficult and require greater 1 . Most students need support. Teachers and parents may give you a hand. However, you can’t 2 others all the time. What can you do? Here are some suggestions: Understand what kind of learner you are. Do you need silence to focus? Then make sure the TV is not on when you are studying. Provide yourself with a 3 learning environment at home. Some students 4 better in the morning, others at night. Find the right time so that your efforts will work well. A．less  B．divide  C． regularly  D．For example  E. In addition Learn to be better organized. It might be helpful when you get used to making a to-do-list of all your schoolwork, and checking each item off when it is completed. Try to 5 your work. This will create smaller, more manageable tasks out of the larger ones. Big projects seem 6 difficult if they are done step by step. Form good reading habits. Read every day—the more, the better. It doesn’t matter what you read. Reading newspapers 7 is a good choice. Newspapers provide plenty of details and background. 8 , information you get from newspapers is usually official and true. High school life can be enjoyable. Old friendships might come undone and new ones will develop. Hope you will feel hopeful and perform well in high school! 六、完形填空 As an English learner, you may encounter (遇到) many new words every week. Are you having a hard time 1 all of them? Well, perhaps you can try out the Method of Loci. “Loci” means “locations” in Latin (拉丁语). Users of the Method of Loci will create an imaginary physical space in their minds. They will then put words or numbers in certain locations within this space. As they walk through the space in their mind’s eye, they will be able to call to mind all the information it contains. The Method of Loci works because human beings are good at remembering 2 , but not so good at remembering words, numbers and lists. You can try memorizing the first 10 digits of pi (3.141592653) using the Method of Loci. The first step is to imagine a home. The house number is 314. On the doorstep, there is one parcel. You pick it up and find that it has come from your 59-year-old uncle. Now, you open the door. There you see 3 welcome mats. Six pairs of shoes have been placed on them. On the wall, there are five pegs (钉子), with three articles of clothing hanging off them. And what if you must remember a long 4 ? With the Method of Loci, you might imagine exactly where all the items (eggs, milk, yogurt, carrots, tofu, etc.) would go in the refrigerator after your shopping trip. While shopping, you can easily gather all the goods as you fill in the refrigerator in your 5 . World record holders in memory competitions often say that anyone can learn and use the Method of Loci and become a “memory expert.” Are you 6 to try this method? Find out whether it can help you remember all the new words in your English book! 1．A．reading B．remembering C．writing D．understanding 2．A．details B．facts C．names D．places 3．A．two B．three C．four D．five 4．A．email address B．phone number C．shopping list D．word list 5．A．car B．hand C．mind D．kitchen 6．A．able B．afraid C．ready D．used $Unit 5 The human brain 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 memory /'meməri/ n. 记忆力；记性 mind /maɪnd/ n. 头脑；大脑 short-term /ˌʃɔːt 'tɜːm/ adj. 短期的，近期的 long-term /ˌlɒŋ 'tɜːm/ adj. 长期的；长远的 go wrong 发生故障；出毛病 essential /ɪ'senʃl/ adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的 injure /'ɪndʒə(r)/ v. 伤害；使受伤 afterwards /'ɑːftəwədz/ adv. 以后；后来 (be) angry with 对…… 发怒，对…… 生气 *basic /'beɪsɪk/ adj. 最简单的；基础的 link /lɪŋk/ n. & v. 联系；连接 method /'meθəd/ n. 方法；措施 link method 联想法 *memorize /'meməraɪz/ v. 记忆；记住 colourful /'kʌləfl/ adj. 有趣的；丰富多彩的 mile /maɪl/ n. 英里 playing card n. 纸牌 *spider /'spaɪdə(r)/ n. 蜘蛛 dramatic /drə'mætɪk/ adj. 激动人心的；给人印象深刻的 opening /'əʊpnɪŋ/ n. 开幕式 ceremony /'serəməni/ n. 典礼；仪式 *Olympic /ə'lɪmpɪk/ adj. 奥林匹克运动会的 the Olympic Games 奥运会 *wonder /'wʌndə(r)/ v. 想知道；想弄明白 goal /gəʊl/ n. 进球得分 mark /mɑːk/ n. 分数 excuse /ɪk'skjuːs/ n. 理由；借口 break down 出故障；抛锚 had better 应该；最好 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．Food, clothing and shelter are all ________ necessities (必需品) of life. A．smart B．peaceful C．friendly D．basic 【答案】D 【详解】句意：衣食住行都是生活的基本必需品。 考查形容词辨析。smart聪明的；peaceful和平的；friendly友好的；basic基本的。根据“Food, clothing and shelter are all ... necessities (必需品) of life.”可知，食物、衣服和住所都是生活中最基本的必需品。故选D。 2．—The news says China’s Chang’e-6 moon mission returned to Earth with lunar soil. —Wow, that was a ________. A．secret B．pity C．chance D．wonder 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——新闻说中国的嫦娥六号月球任务带着月壤返回地球了。——哇，那真是一个奇迹。 考查名词辨析。secret秘密；pity遗憾；chance机会；wonder奇迹。根据“China’s Chang’e-6 moon mission returned to Earth with lunar soil”及语境可知，带回月壤是一项了不起的成就，因此用“wonder”表达赞叹。故选D。 3．When she was very young, she had a surprising ________ for dancing. A．medal B．gift C．mark D．form 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她很小的时候，就有惊人的舞蹈天赋。 考查名词辨析。medal奖牌；gift天赋；mark标记；form形式。根据“When she was very young, she had a surprising…for dancing.”可知，此处指的是惊人的舞蹈天赋。故选B。 4．—I heard that Michael has been training for the marathon for months. —That’s true! He’s really a strict man. He always ________ his training schedule, no matter how busy he is. A．breaks down B．runs after C．sticks to D．gives away 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说迈克尔已经为马拉松训练好几个月了。——这是真的！他是一个很严格的人。他总是坚持他的训练计划，不管他有多忙。 考查动词短语。breaks down分解；runs after追赶；sticks to坚持；gives away赠送。根据“no matter how busy he is”可知，无论多忙，迈克尔都会坚持按照训练计划训练。故选C。 5．Many wild animals are in danger! The situation won’t change ________ humans stop hurting them. A．unless B．though C．so D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多野生动物处于危险中！除非人类停止伤害它们，否则这种情况不会改变。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；though尽管；so因此；if如果。根据“The situation won’t change…humans stop hurting them.”以及选项可知，除非人们停止伤害，否则动物所面临的情况不会改变，用unless引导条件状语从句，故选A。 6．— I have no idea where to spend the coming winter holiday. — Why not ________ visiting Kunming? It’s known as “The Spring City”. A．suggest B．mind C．consider D．avoid 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道去哪里度过即将到来的寒假。——为什么不考虑去昆明呢？它被称为“春城”。 考查动词辨析。suggest建议；mind介意；consider考虑；avoid避免。根据“I have no idea where to spend the coming winter holiday.”可知，此处建议考虑昆明。故选C。 7．—Will AI take human art’s place in the near future? —Not really. AI just helps people with a lot of _______ work that doesn’t need emotions or creativity. A．total B．local C．social D．basic 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在不久的将来，人工智能会取代人类艺术吗？ ——不是真的。人工智能只是帮助人们做很多不需要情感或创造力的基础工作。 考查形容词辨析。total总计的；local当地的；social社会的；basic基础的。根据“Will AI take human art’s place in the near future?”和“Not really.”可知，AI在艺术领域不会取代人类，它只是处理一些不需要情感和创造力的基础工作。故选D。 8．I had to walk to school because the bus ________ on the way this morning. A．broke up B．broke down C．broke out D．broke in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天早晨我不得不步行去学校，因为公交车抛锚了。 考查动词短语辨析。broke up分手，解散，打破；broke down (机器) 故障/抛锚；broke out (战争/火灾等) 爆发；broke in闯入。根据“the bus … on the way”可知，此处指“公交车在路上发生故障”，强调机械故障导致无法行驶。故选B。 9．—How do you usually ________ English words?   —I usually remember them by making word cards. A．memorize B．review C．pronounce D．translate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你通常如何记忆英语单词？——我通常通过制作单词卡来记住它们。 考查动词辨析。memorize记忆；review复习；pronounce发音；translate翻译。根据“I usually remember them by making word cards.”可知，此处是询问如何记忆单词。故选A。 10．—Have you seen the 9-3 military parade (九三阅兵) on TV? —Yeah. I think it holds great importance and ________ China’s rapidly developing military. A．expresses B．increases C．marks D．admires 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在电视上看九三阅兵了吗？——是的。我认为它非常重要，标志着中国军事的快速发展。 考查动词辨析。expresses表达；increases增加；marks标志；admires钦佩。根据“it holds great importance and...China’s rapidly developing military”可知，此处表示九三阅兵标志着中国军事的快速发展。故选C。 二、根据汉语提示填空 1．The (方法) of making wine is still in use today. 【答案】method 【详解】句意：酿酒的方法至今仍在使用。method“方法”，是名词，表示做某事的方式或步骤，用于“The method of…”结构，符合句意。故填method。 2．The falling leaves (标志) the arrival of autumn in this northern city. 【答案】mark 【详解】句意：在这座北方城市，落叶标志着秋天的到来。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查mark“标志”，动词；句子陈述客观自然现象，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“The falling leaves”是复数形式，谓语动词mark应用原形。故填mark。 3．The Great Wall is a man-made (奇观) with a long history. 【答案】wonder 【详解】句意：长城是一项历史悠久的人造奇观。wonder“奇观”，可数名词，被a修饰，应用单数，故填wonder。 4．The little girl dropped some paint onto her T-shirt, leaving some colorful (污点). 【答案】marks 【详解】句意：这个小女孩把一些颜料掉在了她的T恤上，留下了一些彩色的污点。根据中文提示可知，mark“污点”，可数名词，结合some可知，此处用复数形式。故填marks。 5．Can’t you think up a better e (借口) than that? 【答案】(e)xcuse 【详解】句意：你不能想出比那个更好点借口？根据汉语“借口”提示及“a better”，可知应是名词excuse的单数形式。故填(e)xcuse。 6．His television has again.（出毛病） 【答案】 gone wrong 【详解】句意：他的电视机又出毛病了。根据汉语提示可知，go wrong意为“出毛病”，根据has可知，该句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，go要变为gone。故填gone；wrong。 7．She is used to (记忆) new words in the morning. 【答案】memorizing 【详解】句意：她习惯于在早上记忆新单词。memorize“记忆”，动词；be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，所以空处用动名词作宾语。故填memorizing。 8．Girls not to walk alone at night. (最好) 【答案】 had better 【详解】句意：女孩子们晚上最好不要独自走路。had better“最好”，为固定短语。故填had；better。 9．She was (生……的气) her brother for breaking her favorite toy. 【答案】mad at/angry with 【详解】句意：她因为哥哥弄坏了她最喜欢的玩具而生气。be mad at/be angry with sb.“生某人的气”，形容词短语。故填mad at/angry with。 10．He hasn’t got any hobbies— (除非) you call playing computer games a hobby. 【答案】unless 【详解】句意：他没有任何爱好——除非你把玩电脑游戏称为爱好。根据汉语提示，此处应填unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 三、根据首字母填空 1．My car has b down. Will you please give me a ride? 【答案】(b)roken 【详解】句意：我的车出故障了。你可以载我一程吗？根据“My car has…down. Will you please give me a ride”及首字母可知，此处指车发生了故障，break down“发生故障”，has与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填(b)roken。 2．The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games opening c began at national stadium (体育场) on February 4th, “the beginning of spring”. 【答案】(c)eremony 【详解】句意：2月4日，“立春”之时，北京2022年冬奥会开幕式在国家体育场拉开帷幕。根据“The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games opening … began”可知，此处指冬奥会开幕式，ceremony“仪式、典礼”，名词，符合语境。故填(c)eremony。 3．Mr. Chen gave a short speech on the graduation c , and his words encouraged me a lot. 【答案】(c)eremony 【详解】句意：陈先生在毕业典礼上作了简短的讲话，他的话使我深受鼓舞。根据“gave a short speech on the graduation...”可知是在毕业典礼上讲话，ceremony“典礼”，此处用名词原形。故填(c)eremony。 4．She fell and i her shoulder in the earthquake. 【答案】(i)njured 【详解】句意：她在地震中摔倒了，伤到了她的肩膀。根据“She fell and...her shoulder in the earthquake”可知是在地震中伤到了肩膀，injure“伤到”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)njured。 5．“If you s to your dream, you will!” The headmaster replied. 【答案】(s)tick 【详解】句意：校长回答道：“如果你坚持你的梦想，你会成功的！”根据“If you... to your dream”及首字母可知，此处指坚持你的梦想，stick to“坚持”。if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句的主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故填(s)tick。 6．So far, the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians (巴以冲突) has i thousands of people’s lives. 【答案】(i)njured 【详解】句意：至今，巴以冲突已经伤及几千条人命了。根据“the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians (巴以冲突)”和“thousands of people’s lives”可知，战争冲突会伤及人命，injure“使损伤，受伤”，根据“So far”可知句子应用现在完成时，has后加injure的过去分词。故填(i)njured。 7．It was unbelievable that the competitor in the show Super Brain m so many numbers in just seconds. 【答案】(m)emorized 【详解】句意：令人难以置信的是，《超级大脑》节目中的参赛者在短短几秒钟内就记住如此多的数字。根据“It was unbelievable that the competitor in the show Super Brain …so many numbers in just seconds.”及首字母提示可知，此处是指记住了如此多的数字，时态为一般过去时，应用动词过去式memorized表示“记住”。故填(m)emorized。 8．If you set a g of life and stick to it, you will achieve it someday. 【答案】(g)oal 【详解】句意：如果你设定了一个生活目标并坚持下去，总有一天你会实现它。根据“set a”可知，此处填名词单数，结合首字母可知，set a goal“设定一个目标”符合句意。故填(g)oal。 9．I often sleep with my windows open u it’s really cold outside. 【答案】(u)nless 【详解】句意：我睡觉的候常常开着窗户，除非外面非常冷。根据“I often sleep with my windows open … it’s really cold outside.”和首字母可知，除非外面很冷，不然就开着窗户睡觉。unless表示“除非，如果不”符合语境。故填(u)nless。 10．Many people like watching old movies, listening to old songs or looking through old photos because these old things always bring them lots of sweet m . 【答案】(m)emories 【详解】句意：许多人喜欢看老电影、听老歌或翻看旧照片，因为这些老东西总是给他们带来许多甜蜜的回忆。根据“old movies…old songs…old photos”以及“bring them lots of sweet …”和首字母可知，此处需用名词memories，意为“回忆”；此处表泛指，用复数形式，符合语境。故填(m)emories。 四、用单词的适当形式填空 1．In Egypt, people celebrate Sham El-Nessim in April to (mark) the beginning of spring. 【答案】mark 【详解】句意：在埃及，人们四月份庆祝闻风节来标志春天的开始。mark“标志”。根据“people celebrate Sham El-Nessim in April to...the beginning of spring”可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，空前已经有to，故空格处应填动词原形。故填mark。 2．We were sorry to be absent from the lecture last week.（real） 【答案】really 【详解】句意：我真的很遗憾缺席上周的演讲。 空处的词是修饰形容词sorry，所以要用副词。real是形容词，它对应的副词是really。故填really。 3．I like the mascot very much, especially colour.（it） 【答案】its 【详解】句意：我非常喜欢这个吉祥物，尤其是它的颜色。 空处的词在名词color之前，应是形容词性的物主代词“它的”。it是主格或宾格代词，它对应的形容词性的物主代词是its，故填its。 4．—Mom, could I play video games for a while? —Unless your homework (complete). 【答案】is completed 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以玩一会电子游戏吗？——除非你的作业完成了。本句是unless引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语“homework”和动词“complete”是动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is completed。 5．He can use different (method) to work out the problem. 【答案】methods 【详解】句意：他可以采用不同的方法来解决这个问题。method“方法”，可数名词，different后接可数名词复数形式，故填methods。 6．If you (not be) suitable for a designer, who could be? 【答案】aren’t 【详解】句意：如果你不适合当设计师，谁能呢？分析句子结构可知，此句为if引导的条件状语从句，根据主句“who could be”中的情态动词could，可以推断出从句应使用一般现在时态来表示将来的情况。又因为主语是you，be动词的否定形式应为aren’t 。故填aren’t。 7．If (breathe) in, the virus will cause many deaths. 【答案】breathed 【详解】句意：如果病毒被吸入，那么它会造成很多死亡。根据句子结构，if引导条件状语从句，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词情况下，可以将从句中的主语和be动词省略。该句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。breathe sth. in意为“吸入”，这里the virus是被吸入，与breathe“呼吸”之间为被动关系，完整句子为If it is breathed in, the virus will cause many deaths.，这里从句主语为it，谓语动词为is breathed，因此可以省略it is。故填breathed。 8．A student won’t improve his grades unless he (develop) good study habits. 【答案】develops 【详解】句意：一个学生除非养成良好的学习习惯，否则他的成绩不会提高。根据“A student won’t improve his grades unless he…”可知，句子为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，主语为“he”，谓语动词应用三单形式develops。故填develops。 9．He has a good (memorize) and can remember English words quickly. 【答案】memory 【详解】句意：他有很好的记忆力，能快速记住英语单词。根据“a good”可知，空处需填名词单数形式，“memorize”是动词，其对应的名词形式为“memory”，表示“记忆力”。故填memory。 10．A little kindness can go a long way. If a classmate seems sad, (smile) to make him/her feel better. 【答案】smile 【详解】句意：一点善意能大有帮助。如果有同学看起来难过，微笑一下，让他/她感觉好一点。结合单词提示和语境可知，“If a classmate seems sad”是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的逻辑。此处主句“… (smile) to make him/her feel better”需要用祈使句结构，所以用动词原形“smile”，表示建议做“微笑”这个动作来安慰难过的同学。故填smile。 词汇语境练-语篇 五、选词填空 A 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．by   B．if   C． a   D．in   E. the   F. to Maybe you’ll meet a word that you don’t know in an exam. Most students may be nervous 1 a dictionary is not around. But don’t worry! There are some ways 2 help you guess the meaning of a word. Read the whole sentence. Your first step is to go back and reread the whole sentence. Then try to think about what else is happening 3 the sentence. For example, maybe you are looking at a sentence that says, “It was a very sultry day in the middle of the summer.” Think about what you know about summer. It is likely that “sultry” has to do with 4 weather. Try guessing the meaning 5 the background. This will make it different from other parts and you’ll pick it from the rest of the sentence easily. You can often use other words in the sentence to help you find out the meaning of the unknown word. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了在考试中遇到不认识的单词时如何通过一些方法猜测单词的含义。 1．句意：如果你身边没有字典，大多数学生可能紧张。根据“Most students may be nervous...a dictionary is not around.”可知，这里需要一个连词连接前后句，表示条件关系，因此用if“如果”。故填B。 2．句意：有一些方法帮助你猜测单词的意思。ways to do sth“做某事的方法”，固定搭配，因此用to。故填F。 3．句意：然后试着思考句子中还发生了什么。in the sentence“在句子中”，常见搭配，因此用in“在……里”。故填D。 4．句意：很可能闷热和天气有关。根据“It was a...weather”可知，此处特指前文提到的“夏天的天气”，需用定冠词，因此用the。故填E。 5．句意：试着通过背景来猜测词义。根据“Try guessing the meaning...the background.”可知，是通过背景猜词意，by“通过……”，表方式。故填A。 B Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once. (选择最恰当的选项填入空格) A．quiet  B．skills  C． depend on  D．focus  E. effective You have been familiar with the learning environment in your middle school, and it feels like home. So it is not always easy to say “bye-bye” to middle school. After entering high school, you may face some new challenges. The schoolwork may become more difficult and require greater 1 . Most students need support. Teachers and parents may give you a hand. However, you can’t 2 others all the time. What can you do? Here are some suggestions: Understand what kind of learner you are. Do you need silence to focus? Then make sure the TV is not on when you are studying. Provide yourself with a 3 learning environment at home. Some students 4 better in the morning, others at night. Find the right time so that your efforts will work well. A．less  B．divide  C． regularly  D．For example  E. In addition Learn to be better organized. It might be helpful when you get used to making a to-do-list of all your schoolwork, and checking each item off when it is completed. Try to 5 your work. This will create smaller, more manageable tasks out of the larger ones. Big projects seem 6 difficult if they are done step by step. Form good reading habits. Read every day—the more, the better. It doesn’t matter what you read. Reading newspapers 7 is a good choice. Newspapers provide plenty of details and background. 8 , information you get from newspapers is usually official and true. High school life can be enjoyable. Old friendships might come undone and new ones will develop. Hope you will feel hopeful and perform well in high school! 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．E 【导语】本文主要讨论了从初中升入高中后可能面临的新挑战，并提供了适应高中学习生活的建议，包括了解自己的学习类型、提高组织能力和培养良好的阅读习惯等。 1．句意：学业可能变得更难，需要更多的技能。根据“The schoolwork may become more difficult and require greater…”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用名词skills“技能”，作require的宾语。故选B。 2．句意：然而，你不能一直依赖别人。根据“you can’t…others all the time”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用动词短语depend on“依赖”，作谓语，情态动词后动词用原形即可。故选C。 3．句意：给自己提供一个安静的学习环境。根据“Then make sure the TV is not on when you are studying.”及“Provide yourself with a…learning environment at home”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用形容词quiet“安静的”，修饰名词environment。故选A。 4．句意：有些学生在早上更能集中注意力。根据“Some students…better in the morning…Find the right time so that your efforts will work well.”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用动词focus“集中（注意力）”，作谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形即可。故选D。 5．句意：试着把你的任务划分开。根据“Try to…your work. This will create smaller, more manageable tasks out of the larger ones.”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用动词divide“划分”，作谓语，Try to后动词用原形即可。故选B。 6．句意：大项目如果一步步完成，看起来就不那么困难了。根据“Big projects seem…difficult if they are done step by step.”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用less“更少”，构成比较级“less difficult”，表示“不那么困难”。故选A。 7．句意：定期阅读报纸是个好选择。根据“Reading newspapers…is a good choice”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用副词regularly“定期地”，修饰动词reading。故选C。 8．句意：此外，你从报纸上获得的信息通常是官方且真实的。此句与前句“Newspapers provide plenty of details and background.”是递进关系，结合备选词汇可知应用短语In addition“此外”。故选E。 六、完形填空 As an English learner, you may encounter (遇到) many new words every week. Are you having a hard time 1 all of them? Well, perhaps you can try out the Method of Loci. “Loci” means “locations” in Latin (拉丁语). Users of the Method of Loci will create an imaginary physical space in their minds. They will then put words or numbers in certain locations within this space. As they walk through the space in their mind’s eye, they will be able to call to mind all the information it contains. The Method of Loci works because human beings are good at remembering 2 , but not so good at remembering words, numbers and lists. You can try memorizing the first 10 digits of pi (3.141592653) using the Method of Loci. The first step is to imagine a home. The house number is 314. On the doorstep, there is one parcel. You pick it up and find that it has come from your 59-year-old uncle. Now, you open the door. There you see 3 welcome mats. Six pairs of shoes have been placed on them. On the wall, there are five pegs (钉子), with three articles of clothing hanging off them. And what if you must remember a long 4 ? With the Method of Loci, you might imagine exactly where all the items (eggs, milk, yogurt, carrots, tofu, etc.) would go in the refrigerator after your shopping trip. While shopping, you can easily gather all the goods as you fill in the refrigerator in your 5 . World record holders in memory competitions often say that anyone can learn and use the Method of Loci and become a “memory expert.” Are you 6 to try this method? Find out whether it can help you remember all the new words in your English book! 1．A．reading B．remembering C．writing D．understanding 2．A．details B．facts C．names D．places 3．A．two B．three C．four D．five 4．A．email address B．phone number C．shopping list D．word list 5．A．car B．hand C．mind D．kitchen 6．A．able B．afraid C．ready D．used 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“轨迹法”这一记忆方法。 1．句意：你在记住所有这些单词方面有困难吗？ reading阅读；remembering记住；writing书写；understanding理解。根据前文“encounter many new words”可知，这里说的是记住单词，故选B。 2．句意：轨迹法之所以有效，是因为人类擅长记忆地点，但不擅长记忆单词、数字和列表。 details细节；facts事实；names名字；places地点。根据后文“You can try memorizing the first 10 digits of pi (3.141592653) using…are five pegs (钉子), with three articles of clothing hanging off them.”可知，将单词等与想象空间中的地点联系起来帮助记忆，所以这里是说人类擅长记忆地点，故选D。 3．句意：在那里你看到两块欢迎垫。 two二；three三；four四；five五。根据后文“Six pairs of shoes have been placed on them.”可知，有六双鞋，两块垫子比较合理，故选A。 4．句意：如果你必须记住一长串购物清单呢？ email address电子邮件地址；phone number电话号码；shopping list购物清单；word list单词表。根据后文“all the items (eggs, milk, yogurt, carrots, tofu, etc.) would go in the refrigerator after your shopping trip”可知，这里说的是购物清单，故选C。 5．句意：在购物时，你可以在脑海中填充冰箱的同时轻松收集所有商品。 car汽车；hand手；mind头脑；kitchen厨房。根据前文“in their minds”可知，是在脑海中想象，故选C。 6．句意：你准备好尝试这种方法了吗？ able能够；afraid害怕；ready准备好；used使用过的。“be ready to do sth.”表示“准备好做某事”，故选C。 $