期中复习之语法填空10篇（Units1-3单元话题）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版五四学制2024）

期中复习之语法填空10篇 （Units1-3单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Water 水资源与环境保护 Unit 2 Digital life 科学技术与发明创造 Unit 3 Curious minds 好奇心 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应3-4篇单元话题专题训练 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。使全文通顺、连贯。 Online encyclopaedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopaedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopaedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopaedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopaedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites. All in all, online encyclopaedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 December 29, 2024, was a wonderful moment for China’s high-speed trains. Two samples of the CR450 high-speed train were shown in Beijing on the day. This kind of train can reach a speed of 450 1 (kilometre) per hour in tests. When it 2 (start) to be put into use for business, it will be the quickest high-speed train in the world, much 3 (fast) than the CR400 that runs at 350 km/h. The China State Railway Group, which made this train, said that the CR450 has set new global standards in many important parts like speed, using less energy, making less noise, and braking (刹车) performance. Even though it goes at 4 higher speed, its braking is as good as that of the 350 km/h trains. This is because the great engineering design helps to keep the train steady and safe even when it runs 5 (quick). The CR450 also cares a lot about making passengers feel comfortable. 6 using good noise-cutting technology, the inside of the train is as quiet as the 350 km/h trains. What’s more, its running resistance (阻力) has been reduced by 22 percent, 7 its weight has been reduced by 10 percent, which helps to save energy. The inside has been redesigned, with 4 percent more room, and there are better 8 (place) to put baggage. The two samples were made by different companies, but both want 9 (give) passengers a nice trip. The China State Railway Group will do more tests to make sure the train is okay for business use. All in all, the CR450 shows China’s ability to make new things and 10 (it) scientific powers. It is also important to make a breakthrough in China’s railway growth. 阅读下面语篇，根据其内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 There is nothing 1 (fantastic) than taking a holiday from studying or working. But there are too many things that I have to think about, such as time, money and hotels. So this year I am ready 2 (have) the staycation. What is a staycation? The word “staycation” mixes “stay” and “vacation”. Its 3 (mean) is a holiday that people spend at or near their home. Staycations are very popular for many reasons. First, it’s the cheapest way to spend vacations because I don’t have to travel very far. The budget can be spent in 4 (enjoy) finer things locally (当地的), like nice meals, spa treatments, or tickets to events. Second, it’s very convenient (方便的). I don’t need to pack up everything I need. I can sleep in 5 (I) own bed. I can also change 6 (plan) easily. 7 (three), it allows me to recharge. The goal of a vacation is to rest. I can focus on true relaxation—sleeping, reading, watching shows 8 just doing nothing. Therefore, when you think of fantastic places to visit next time, start by thinking about places near your home. You will have so good 9 experience if you choose this. Don’t wait. Try it 10 once! Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） In my junior school days, I like to try new things. I am c 1 , so I trust myself to do well, even when it’s hard. When I have to s 2 a difficult problem or give a talk in front of the class, I tell myself, “I can do it!” As a teen boy, I like to learn about different things. In science, I explore the world around me and ask why things happen. I think it’s fun to find r 3 . To get better, I work hard and practice a lot. My teacher helps me i 4 my reading and writing. I’m happy to see my progress and know I can do it. After school, I enjoy many interesting a 5 . I am good at p 6 basketball now! Junior school life is tiring and busy, but in fact, being a teenager is exciting, and I like to use my curiosity and hard work to keep growing and l 7 new things. Fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letters are given (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The rainforest trekker Pedro Peloso is a biologist who studies amphibians (两栖动物) and reptiles. He describes taking a leap to discover a new frog species (物种). “I was in a canoe, paddling through the PauRosa National Forest in Brazil at nighttime. I heard a f 1 frog call and rushed to the riverbank to find the animal. It was high up in a tree hanging over the river, s 2 I stepped on a tree branch and jumped up — gotcha!” “The branch broke when I came down, and I fell into the water, up to my neck. But I still had the frog in my hand. When I got a closer look, I realized this was not the species I had e 3 to catch based on the call. Could it be something new? We knew we had to investigate.” “We compared its coloring, body shape, call, and even its DNA to other frogs. It took us seven years to figure it out. Finally, we officially named this new frog the mapinguari clown tree frog after a mythical rainforest beast.” The c 4 discoverer Ecologist Washington Wachira is an expert on the birds of Kenya. He talks about finding an unknown species of lizard. “I was in the desert helping to study larks (云雀). As I watched one of the birds through my binoculars, I spotted a basking lizard nearby. It had a pattern of spots I’d never seen before. I stopped to take some pictures, and soon I found more lizards with the s 5 spots.” “A few days later, I emailed the photos to friends who specialize in reptiles, and together we studied them more. Once we knew for sure it was a new species, my teammates suggested naming it after me, Agama wachirai. It was the greatest h 6 of my career. This discovery reminded me how much we still have to learn about the natural world. It also inspired me to continue exploring and protecting the habitats of these incredible creatures.” Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Electricity has always been around although it’s invisible! Scientists have worked with electricity for thousands of years. We’ve all heard of the famous ones such a 1 Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison, but many other important inventors have been buried (埋葬) in history. Back in ancient Greece, scientists began to study electricity. Over 2,000 years l 2 in 1600, English scientist William Gilbert first used the word “electric” in a report. In 1786, an Italian professor found that when he touched a dead frog’s leg with a knife, the leg started to shake! In 1792, a 3 Italian scientist, Alessandro Volta, gave the correct e 4 : the two different metals—the steel knife and the tin (锡) plate where the frog was lying—made the leg shake. Volta also invented the first battery. In the late 19th century, British scientist Joseph Swan and American inventor Thomas Edison set up a company to p 5 the first electric lamp. Before that, Edison invented a generator (发电机) and used it to provide e 6 to light his lab. Later he lighted the first New York street with electric lamps in September 1882!   When Edison’s generator was c 7 to James Watt’s steam engine (蒸汽机), it became possible to produce a lot of electricity at last! 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi. Zhao Yafu is an old agricultural (农业的) researcher in Jiangsu Province. He spends most of the year working 1 the fields. Born in 1941, Zhao’s childhood dream was to become 2 news reporter. When he was at college, Zhao saw how hard lives were in the countryside, 3 he decided to do something to help. He 4 (begin) to teach agricultural science to the farmers in a primary school in the village. “The villagers needed someone to help 5 (they) change their minds and learn new techniques (技术) ,”Zhao said. Zhao kept on 6 (encourage) the farmers to use the new techniques and to plant new kinds of rice, which brought in a lot of money. As time went by, more new 7 (house) and roads were built in the village. And the villagers came to understand that Zhao 8 (real) wanted to help them. Besides working in Jiangsu, Zhao and his team are also active in Western China. Since 2013, they 9 (help) many farmers in Western China become rich. “I saw how poor villagers used to be, and I also see how they have changed over the years. I 10 continue) with my work if my health is not too bad,” said Zhao. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein is a genius (天才). This story about him shows that he’s also humorous. Einstein often received 1 (invite) to explain his ideas at different universities. On these trips, his driver Hans often said to him, “It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr. Einstein.” One evening, on their way to 2 university, Einstein said, “I’m so tired. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture (讲座) tonight, Hans, but I don’t want to make my listeners disappointed.” “I know what to do,” said Hans. “I can give the lecture for you. You can trust 3 (I). I’ve listened to your lecture so many times that I’ve learned it by heart. No one knows you at this university, so they 4 (not find) out.” So, they changed places. At the university, Hans was led to the front of the hall. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture 5 difficulty, and joined in the applause (掌声) at the end. However, before Hans left, a man shouted, “I’d like 6 (ask) you a question.” He then asked such a difficult question that Hans had no idea what he 7 (talk) about. Einstein turned pale. “Oh no!” he thought. “Now we’re in trouble.” 8 Hans just laughed and said, “That’s such an easy question that even my driver can answer it. Hans, please…” Einstein stood up and answered the question 9 (wonderful). They left the university, with Einstein driving. A little later, Hans 10 (offer) to drive. “No.” laughed Einstein. “It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Hans.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复习之语法填空10篇 （Units1-3单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Water 水资源与环境保护 Unit 2 Digital life 科学技术与发明创造 Unit 3 Curious minds 好奇心 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应3-4篇单元话题专题训练 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。使全文通顺、连贯。 Online encyclopaedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopaedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopaedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopaedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopaedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites. All in all, online encyclopaedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 【答案】 1．knowledge 2．them 3．in 4．countries 5．traditional 6．is discovered 7．will appear 8．carefully 9．to check 10．amazing 【导语】本文介绍在线百科全书，将其比作充满知识的无尽宝箱，阐述其可随时更新、能快速获取各类信息的优势，同时也提醒使用时需谨慎，要和其他可靠资源核对信息，强调合理使用在线百科全书对学习的帮助。 1．句意：在线百科全书就像互联网上装满知识的无尽宝箱。根据“filled with”可知，后需跟名词；know的名词形式是knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填knowledge。 2．句意：无论你在哪里，只要你有电脑、平板或智能手机，你都可以打开它们，探索广阔的信息世界。根据“you can open”可知，open为动词，后需跟代词宾格形式；they的宾格是them。故填them。 3．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖、科学的最新发现、不同国家的文化，甚至古代文明的秘密。根据“history”可知，in history“在历史上”，是固定短语。故填in。 4．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖、科学的最新发现、不同国家的文化，甚至古代文明的秘密。根据“different”可知，different后接可数名词复数，country的复数是countries。故填countries。 5．句意：与需要很长时间来修订和出版新版本的传统书籍不同，在线百科全书上的信息每天都可能变化。根据“books”可知，修饰名词需用形容词；tradition的形容词形式是traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 6．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部热门电影上映时，关于它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“a new planet”和“discover”可知，二者是被动关系，需用被动语态，when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时的被动语态，结构“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语a new planet是单数，be动词用is，discover的过去分词是discovered，故填is discovered。 7．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部热门电影上映时，关于它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，结构“will+动词原形”。故填will appear。 8．句意：然而，我们必须谨慎使用在线百科全书。根据“However, we must use online encyclopaedias”可知，修饰动词use用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully。故填carefully。 9．句意：所以，如果你将在线百科全书上的信息用于作业或研究，用其他可靠资源，如教科书或政府网站，来核对它是很重要的。it’s important to do sth.“做某事很重要”，为常用表达，此处需用动词不定式作主语。故填to check。 10．句意：总之，在线百科全书是令人惊叹的工具。根据“tools”可知，修饰名词用形容词，amaze的形容词形式amazing“令人惊叹的”，且用于修饰物，故填amazing。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 December 29, 2024, was a wonderful moment for China’s high-speed trains. Two samples of the CR450 high-speed train were shown in Beijing on the day. This kind of train can reach a speed of 450 1 (kilometre) per hour in tests. When it 2 (start) to be put into use for business, it will be the quickest high-speed train in the world, much 3 (fast) than the CR400 that runs at 350 km/h. The China State Railway Group, which made this train, said that the CR450 has set new global standards in many important parts like speed, using less energy, making less noise, and braking (刹车) performance. Even though it goes at 4 higher speed, its braking is as good as that of the 350 km/h trains. This is because the great engineering design helps to keep the train steady and safe even when it runs 5 (quick). The CR450 also cares a lot about making passengers feel comfortable. 6 using good noise-cutting technology, the inside of the train is as quiet as the 350 km/h trains. What’s more, its running resistance (阻力) has been reduced by 22 percent, 7 its weight has been reduced by 10 percent, which helps to save energy. The inside has been redesigned, with 4 percent more room, and there are better 8 (place) to put baggage. The two samples were made by different companies, but both want 9 (give) passengers a nice trip. The China State Railway Group will do more tests to make sure the train is okay for business use. All in all, the CR450 shows China’s ability to make new things and 10 (it) scientific powers. It is also important to make a breakthrough in China’s railway growth. 【答案】 1．kilometres 2．starts 3．faster 4．a 5．quickly 6．By 7．and 8．places 9．to give 10．its 【导语】本文是说明文。通过介绍2024年12月29日在北京亮相的CR450高速列车的时速、技术优势、乘客舒适性设计及研发意义，展现了中国高铁的创新能力与科技实力，凸显其对中国铁路发展的重要性。 1．句意：这种列车在测试中时速可达450公里。kilometre是可数名词，前面有基数词450修饰，应用复数形式。故填kilometres。 2．句意：当它开始投入商业运营时，它将成为世界上最快的高速列车，比时速350公里的CR400快得多。此处是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语“it”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填starts。 3．句意：当它开始投入商业运营时，它将成为世界上最快的高速列车，比时速350公里的CR400快得多。根据空后“than”可知，此处应用形容词fast的比较级形式，表两者之间的速度对比。故填faster。 4．句意：尽管它的速度更快，但它的刹车性能与时速350公里的列车一样好。“speed”是可数名词单数，且“higher”是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面应用不定冠词a修饰，at a higher speed表示“以更快的速度”。故填a。 5．句意：这是因为出色的工程设计有助于列车在高速运行时保持平稳和安全。此处修饰动词“runs”，应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly。故填quickly。 6．句意：通过采用良好的降噪技术，列车内部和时速350公里的列车一样安静。根据句意可知，空后“using good noise-cutting technology”是实现“the inside of the train is as quiet...”的方式，应用介词by，表示“通过……方式”，句首首字母大写。故填By。 7．句意：此外，它的运行阻力降低了22%，重量降低了10%，这有助于节省能源。“its running resistance has been reduced...”与“its weight has been reduced...”是并列关系，应用连词and连接两个并列的分句。故填and。 8．句意：列车内部经过重新设计，空间增加了4%，还有更好的行李放置处。place是可数名词，根据空前“better”及语境可知，此处指多个行李放置处，应用复数形式。故填places。 9．句意：这两款样车由不同公司制造，但都希望为乘客提供愉快的旅程。want to do sth是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to give。故填to give。 10．句意：总而言之，CR450高速列车展现了中国的创新能力及其科技实力。此处修饰名词“scientific powers”，应用形容词性物主代词its，指代“China’s”。故填its。 阅读下面语篇，根据其内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 There is nothing 1 (fantastic) than taking a holiday from studying or working. But there are too many things that I have to think about, such as time, money and hotels. So this year I am ready 2 (have) the staycation. What is a staycation? The word “staycation” mixes “stay” and “vacation”. Its 3 (mean) is a holiday that people spend at or near their home. Staycations are very popular for many reasons. First, it’s the cheapest way to spend vacations because I don’t have to travel very far. The budget can be spent in 4 (enjoy) finer things locally (当地的), like nice meals, spa treatments, or tickets to events. Second, it’s very convenient (方便的). I don’t need to pack up everything I need. I can sleep in 5 (I) own bed. I can also change 6 (plan) easily. 7 (three), it allows me to recharge. The goal of a vacation is to rest. I can focus on true relaxation—sleeping, reading, watching shows 8 just doing nothing. Therefore, when you think of fantastic places to visit next time, start by thinking about places near your home. You will have so good 9 experience if you choose this. Don’t wait. Try it 10 once! 【答案】 1．more fantastic 2．to have 3．meaning 4．enjoying 5．my 6．plans 7．Third 8．or 9．an 10．at 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了居家度假的概念及其优点。 1．句意：没有什么比从学习或工作中休假更棒的了。空处修饰“nothing”，位于“than”前，填形容词比较级。fantastic“极好的”，形容词，比较级为more fantastic。故填more fantastic。 2．句意：所以今年我准备好来一次居家度假。be ready to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“准备好做某事”，空处填动词不定式。have“进行”，动词，不定式为to have。故填to have。 3．句意：它的含义是人们在家或家附近度过的假期。空处位于形容词性物主代词“Its”后，作主语，填名词。mean“意思是”，动词，名词为meaning“含义”，可数名词，此处指居家度假的含义，用单数名词。故填meaning。 4．句意：预算可以花在享受当地更好的东西上，比如美食、水疗或活动门票。enjoy“享受”，动词。空处位于介词“in”后，接动名词形式的enjoying，作宾语。故填enjoying。 5．句意：我可以睡在我自己的床上。空处修饰名词“bed”，需用形容词性物主代词。I“我”，主格，形容词性物主代词为my“我的”。故填my。 6．句意：我也可以轻松改变计划。空处位于动词“change”后，填名词作宾语。plan“计划”，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数形式的plans，表示泛指。故填plans。 7．句意：第三，它让我可以充电。根据“First”和“Second”可知，此处需用序数词表示顺序。three“三”，基数词，序数词为third，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Third。 8．句意：我可以专注于真正的放松——睡觉、读书、看节目，或者什么都不做。根据“sleeping, reading, watching shows”和“just doing nothing”可知，此处表示选择进行其中一种放松方式。空处表示选择关系，用or“或者”连接。故填or。 9．句意：如果你选择这种方式，你将会有一个很好的体验。“experience”表示“经历”时为可数名词，且是以元音音素开头的单词，此处泛指“一次体验”，用不定冠词an修饰，构成“so+形容词+an+可数名词单数”结构。故填an。 10．句意：马上尝试吧！根据“Don’t wait.”可知，此处建议马上尝试，不要等。at once“马上”。故填at。 Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） In my junior school days, I like to try new things. I am c 1 , so I trust myself to do well, even when it’s hard. When I have to s 2 a difficult problem or give a talk in front of the class, I tell myself, “I can do it!” As a teen boy, I like to learn about different things. In science, I explore the world around me and ask why things happen. I think it’s fun to find r 3 . To get better, I work hard and practice a lot. My teacher helps me i 4 my reading and writing. I’m happy to see my progress and know I can do it. After school, I enjoy many interesting a 5 . I am good at p 6 basketball now! Junior school life is tiring and busy, but in fact, being a teenager is exciting, and I like to use my curiosity and hard work to keep growing and l 7 new things. 【答案】1．(c)onfident 2．(s)olve 3．(r)easons 4．(i)mprove 5．(a)ctivities 6．(p)laying 7．(l)earning 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在中学时期喜欢尝试新事物，并且通过自信和努力克服困难，学习新知识，参与各种活动的经历。 1．句意：我是自信的，所以我相信自己能做好，即使很难。根据“so I trust myself to do well”和空格前“am”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入confident，形容词，作表语，意为“自信的”，指的是“我”是自信的。故填(c)onfident。 2．句意：当我不得不解决一个难题或在全班面前演讲时，我告诉自己，“我能行！”根据空格后“a difficult problem”，结合首字母提示可知，此处指的是解决一个难题，solve“解决”，动词原形；又根据空格前“have to”是情态动词，后跟动词原形，所以此处动词solve保持原形即可。故填(s)olve。 3．句意：我觉得找理由很有趣。根据前一句“In science, I explore the world around me and ask why things happen.”可知，“我”探索周围的世界，问为什么事情会发生，即寻找原因，结合首字母提示，此处应填入reasons，可数名词复数，意为“理由，原因”，泛指找理由。故填reasons。 4．句意：我的老师帮助我提高阅读和写作水平。根据“My teacher helps me…my reading and writing.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该表达我的老师帮助我提高我的阅读和写作。improve“提高”，动词原形；又根据空格前“helps me”可知，此处考查：help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处动词improve保持原形即可。故填(i)mprove。 5．句意：放学后，我喜欢许多有趣的活动。根据“After school, I enjoy many interesting….”和后文内容，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入activities，可数名词复数，作宾语，意为“活动”，泛指许多有趣的活动。故填(a)ctivities。 6．句意：我现在擅长打篮球！根据空格后“basketball”，结合首字母提示可知，此处指的是打篮球，play basketball“打篮球”，固定搭配；又根据空格前“am good at ”可知，此处考查：be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处要填入play的动名词形式playing，作宾语。故填(p)laying。 7．句意：我喜欢用自己的好奇心和努力不断成长，学习新的东西。根据空格后“new things”，结合首字母提示可知，此处指的是学习新的东西，learn“学习”，动词原形；又根据空格前“keep growing and”可知，此处考查：keep doing sth“持续做某事”，固定搭配。故填(l)earning。 Fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letters are given (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The rainforest trekker Pedro Peloso is a biologist who studies amphibians (两栖动物) and reptiles. He describes taking a leap to discover a new frog species (物种). “I was in a canoe, paddling through the PauRosa National Forest in Brazil at nighttime. I heard a f 1 frog call and rushed to the riverbank to find the animal. It was high up in a tree hanging over the river, s 2 I stepped on a tree branch and jumped up — gotcha!” “The branch broke when I came down, and I fell into the water, up to my neck. But I still had the frog in my hand. When I got a closer look, I realized this was not the species I had e 3 to catch based on the call. Could it be something new? We knew we had to investigate.” “We compared its coloring, body shape, call, and even its DNA to other frogs. It took us seven years to figure it out. Finally, we officially named this new frog the mapinguari clown tree frog after a mythical rainforest beast.” The c 4 discoverer Ecologist Washington Wachira is an expert on the birds of Kenya. He talks about finding an unknown species of lizard. “I was in the desert helping to study larks (云雀). As I watched one of the birds through my binoculars, I spotted a basking lizard nearby. It had a pattern of spots I’d never seen before. I stopped to take some pictures, and soon I found more lizards with the s 5 spots.” “A few days later, I emailed the photos to friends who specialize in reptiles, and together we studied them more. Once we knew for sure it was a new species, my teammates suggested naming it after me, Agama wachirai. It was the greatest h 6 of my career. This discovery reminded me how much we still have to learn about the natural world. It also inspired me to continue exploring and protecting the habitats of these incredible creatures.” 【答案】1．(f)amiliar 2．(s)o 3．(e)xpected 4．(c)urious 5．(s)ame 6．(h)onor 【导语】本文主要讲述了两位科学家发现新物种的故事。 1．句意：我听到一种熟悉的青蛙叫声，便冲到河岸去找那只动物。根据“I heard a...frog call and rushed to the riverbank to find the animal.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示听到一种熟悉的青蛙叫声。familiar“熟悉的”，形容词，作定语。故填(f)amiliar。 2．句意：它高高地挂在河边的树上，所以我踩上树枝跳了上去——抓住了！根据“It was high up in a tree hanging over the river”和“I stepped on a tree branch and jumped up — gotcha!”以及首字母提示可知，两者之间是因果关系，前因后果，所以用so“所以”连接。故填(s)o。 3．句意：当我仔细观察时，我意识到这不是我根据叫声所期望捕捉的物种。根据“When I got a closer look, I realized this was not the species I had...to catch based on the call.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示这不是我根据叫声所期望捕捉的物种。expect“期望”，expect to do sth“期望做某事”，用过去分词为形式expected，和前面的had一起构成过去完成时。 故填(e)xpected。 4．句意：好奇的发现者。根据下文“As I watched one of the birds through my binoculars, I spotted a basking lizard nearby. It had a pattern of spots I’d never seen before. I stopped to take some pictures, and soon I found more lizards with the...spots.”以及首字母提示可知，应填形容词curious“好奇的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词“discoverer”，表示好奇的发现者。故填(c)urious。 5．句意：我停下来拍了些照片，很快我发现更多有相同斑点的蜥蜴。根据“It had a pattern of spots I’d never seen before.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示发现更多有相同斑点的蜥蜴。the same“相同的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词spots。故填(s)ame。 6．句意：这是我职业生涯中最伟大的荣誉。根据前一句“Once we knew for sure it was a new species, my teammates suggested naming it after me, Agama wachirai.”以及首字母提示可知，应填名词honor“荣誉”，表示这是我职业生涯中最伟大的荣誉。根据“It was”可知，用单数，the greatest honor“最伟大的荣誉”。故填(h)onor。 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Electricity has always been around although it’s invisible! Scientists have worked with electricity for thousands of years. We’ve all heard of the famous ones such a 1 Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison, but many other important inventors have been buried (埋葬) in history. Back in ancient Greece, scientists began to study electricity. Over 2,000 years l 2 in 1600, English scientist William Gilbert first used the word “electric” in a report. In 1786, an Italian professor found that when he touched a dead frog’s leg with a knife, the leg started to shake! In 1792, a 3 Italian scientist, Alessandro Volta, gave the correct e 4 : the two different metals—the steel knife and the tin (锡) plate where the frog was lying—made the leg shake. Volta also invented the first battery. In the late 19th century, British scientist Joseph Swan and American inventor Thomas Edison set up a company to p 5 the first electric lamp. Before that, Edison invented a generator (发电机) and used it to provide e 6 to light his lab. Later he lighted the first New York street with electric lamps in September 1882!   When Edison’s generator was c 7 to James Watt’s steam engine (蒸汽机), it became possible to produce a lot of electricity at last! 【答案】1．(a)s 2．(l)ater 3．(a)nother 4．(e)xplanation 5．(p)roduce 6．(e)lectricity 7．(c)onnected 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家研究电力已有数千年的历史。 1．句意：我们都听说过本杰明·富兰克林和托马斯·爱迪生等著名的发明家，但许多其他重要的发明家已经被历史所埋葬。根据“We’ve all heard of the famous ones such...Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison”可知，空处是举例子，such as“例如”，故填(a)s。 2．句意：2000多年后的1600年，英国科学家威廉·吉尔伯特在一份报告中首次使用了“电”一词。一段时间+later“多久之后”，故填(l)ater。 3．句意：1792年，另一位意大利科学家亚历山德罗·沃尔塔给出了正确的解释：两种不同的金属——钢刀和青蛙躺着的锡板——让青蛙的腿发抖。根据“In 1786, an Italian professor found that when he touched a dead frog’s leg with a knife, the leg started to shake!”可知，另一位意大利科学家给出了正确的解释，another“另一个”，故填(a)nother。 4．句意：1792年，另一位意大利科学家亚历山德罗·沃尔塔给出了正确的解释：两种不同的金属——钢刀和青蛙躺着的锡板——让青蛙的腿发抖。根据“the two different metals — the steel knife and the tin (锡) plate where the frog was lying — made the leg shake”可知，此句是对前句提到的现象的解释说明，explanation“解释，说明”，故填(e)xplanation。 5．句意：19世纪末，英国科学家约瑟夫·斯旺和美国发明家托马斯·爱迪生成立了一家公司，生产第一盏电灯。根据“British scientist Joseph Swan and American inventor Thomas Edison set up a company to...the first electric lamp”可知，他们成立了一家公司，生产第一盏电灯。produce“生产”，故填(p)roduce。 6．句意：在此之前，爱迪生发明了一种发电机，并用它为他的实验室供电。根据“Edison invented a generator (发电机) and used it to provide...to light his lab”可知，为他的实验室供电。故填(e)lectricity。 7．句意：当爱迪生的发电机连接到詹姆斯·瓦特的蒸汽机上时，终于有可能产生大量的电力了！根据“When Edison’s generator was... to James Watt’s steam engine”可知，把发动机连接到蒸汽机，be connected to“连接”，故填(c)onnected。 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi. 【答案】 1．first 2．earliest 3．that 4．an 5．intelligence 6．in 7．finding 8．believed 9．himself 10．finally 【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。 1．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。 2．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。 3．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 4．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 5．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。 6．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。 7．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。 8．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。 9．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。 10．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 Zhao Yafu is an old agricultural (农业的) researcher in Jiangsu Province. He spends most of the year working 1 the fields. Born in 1941, Zhao’s childhood dream was to become 2 news reporter. When he was at college, Zhao saw how hard lives were in the countryside, 3 he decided to do something to help. He 4 (begin) to teach agricultural science to the farmers in a primary school in the village. “The villagers needed someone to help 5 (they) change their minds and learn new techniques (技术) ,”Zhao said. Zhao kept on 6 (encourage) the farmers to use the new techniques and to plant new kinds of rice, which brought in a lot of money. As time went by, more new 7 (house) and roads were built in the village. And the villagers came to understand that Zhao 8 (real) wanted to help them. Besides working in Jiangsu, Zhao and his team are also active in Western China. Since 2013, they 9 (help) many farmers in Western China become rich. “I saw how poor villagers used to be, and I also see how they have changed over the years. I 10 continue) with my work if my health is not too bad,” said Zhao. 【答案】 1．in 2．a 3．so 4．began 5．them 6．encouraging 7．houses 8．really 9．have helped 10．will continue 【导语】本文介绍了农业研究员赵亚夫花费半生心血在农业研究上，并通过毕生所学知识帮助许多农村地区摆脱了往昔贫困积弱的生存局面。 1．句意：他花费了一年中的大部分时间在田地里工作。根据“the fields”可知，in the fields“在田地里”，为固定搭配。故填in。 2．句意：赵出生于1941年，童年的梦想是成为一名新闻记者。根据“news reporter”可知，此处泛指一名新闻记者，且“news”以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。 3．句意：他在大学的时候，赵看到农村的生活是多么的艰难，所以他决定做一些事情来帮助。前后句为因果关系，此处表示结果，应用so连接。故填so。 4．句意：他开始在村里的一所小学教农民农业科学。根据“decided”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词begin应用过去式began。故填began。 5．句意：村民们需要有人帮助他们改变想法，学习新技术。help为动词，后接宾格代词；they的宾格为them。故填them。 6．句意：赵一直鼓励农民使用新技术，种植新的水稻品种，这给他带来了很多钱。keep on doing sth.“继续做某事”，动词encourage应用动名词encouraging。故填encouraging。 7．句意：随着时间的流逝，村里建起了更多的新房子和新道路。由“more new”可知，名词house应用复数houses。故填houses。 8．句意：村民们开始明白，赵真的是想帮助他们。修饰动词“wanted”应用real的副词really。故填really。 9．句意：自2013年以来，他们帮助中国西部的许多农民致富。根据“Since 2013”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have done。故填have helped。 10．句意：如果我的身体不太坏，我将继续我的工作。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will continue。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein is a genius (天才). This story about him shows that he’s also humorous. Einstein often received 1 (invite) to explain his ideas at different universities. On these trips, his driver Hans often said to him, “It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr. Einstein.” One evening, on their way to 2 university, Einstein said, “I’m so tired. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture (讲座) tonight, Hans, but I don’t want to make my listeners disappointed.” “I know what to do,” said Hans. “I can give the lecture for you. You can trust 3 (I). I’ve listened to your lecture so many times that I’ve learned it by heart. No one knows you at this university, so they 4 (not find) out.” So, they changed places. At the university, Hans was led to the front of the hall. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture 5 difficulty, and joined in the applause (掌声) at the end. However, before Hans left, a man shouted, “I’d like 6 (ask) you a question.” He then asked such a difficult question that Hans had no idea what he 7 (talk) about. Einstein turned pale. “Oh no!” he thought. “Now we’re in trouble.” 8 Hans just laughed and said, “That’s such an easy question that even my driver can answer it. Hans, please…” Einstein stood up and answered the question 9 (wonderful). They left the university, with Einstein driving. A little later, Hans 10 (offer) to drive. “No.” laughed Einstein. “It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Hans.” 【答案】 1．invitations 2．a 3．me 4．won’t find 5．without 6．to ask 7．was talking 8．But 9．wonderfully 10．offered 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱因斯坦不仅是天才，也是幽默的人。 1．句意：爱因斯坦经常收到邀请去不同的大学去解释他的想法。根据“Einstein often received...to explain his ideas”可知，是指收到邀请，invitation“邀请”，此处应用名词复数表泛指，故填invitations。 2．句意：一天晚上，在去一所大学的路上，爱因斯坦说：“我好累。”。此处泛指“一所大学”，且university是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 3．句意：你可以相信我。trust“相信”，动词，后跟人称代词宾格me“我”，故填me。 4．句意：在这所大学没有人认识你，所以他们不会发现的。根据“No one knows you at this university, so they...”可知，句子要用一般将来时“will do”，句意是否定意义，故填won’t find。 5．句意：爱因斯坦坐了下来，听了汉斯毫不费力地做了演讲，最后也跟着鼓起掌来。根据上文中“I’ve listened to your lecture so many times that I’ve learned it by heart.”可知，汉斯听爱因斯坦的演讲听了许多次，以至于都能熟记于心，所以此处是指汉斯做演讲没有困难，介词without“没有”符合语境，故填without。 6．句意：我想要问你一个问题。would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，应用动词不定式，故填to ask。 7．句意：然后他问了一个很难的问题，汉斯根本不知道他在说什么。根据“He then asked such a difficult question that Hans had no idea...”可知，此处应用过去进行时“was/were doing”；主语是he，be动词应用was，故填was talking。 8．句意：但是汉斯只是笑着说。根据上文中“Now we’re in trouble.”和句中“Hans just laughed”可知，前后是转折关系，应用but连接，句首首字母大写，故填But。 9．句意：爱因斯坦站起来精彩地回答了这个问题。此处修饰动词answered应用副词wonderfully“精彩地”，故填wonderfully。 10．句意：过了一会儿，汉斯主动提出开车。整篇文章的时态是一般过去时，动词offer应用过去式，故填offered。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $