专题03 读后续写大纲与情节：十句五定法+NSDD四步法-【高分·技能】2025年高考英语写作常考题型全面突破

专题03大纲与情节：十句五定法+NSDD四步法 第一部分：十句五定法——快速构建故事骨架 “十句五定法”的核心在于：用十句话勾勒两段情节，其中五个关键句的位置和功能是固定的，这既保证了故事结构稳定、衔接自然，也有效解决了 学生作文“情节断层、细节空洞、偏题、字数不足” 等高频痛点。 Para 1. Para 2. 定句1: 衔接提示句（心理/动作链） 定句6:衔接提示句（心理/动作链） 句2: 句7: 句3: 句8： 句4: 定句9:紧贴原文，交代结局 定句5: 过渡到P2首句 定句10: 点睛升华主题 核心原则 五句固定：第一段的第1、5句，第二段的第1、4、5句是关键锚点，必须紧扣情节核心。 五句灵活：其余五句可根据具体情节微调顺序和内容，保证叙述流畅。 描写禁忌：以第一人称叙述时，不可直接描写他人心理，只能通过其动作、神态、语言间接体现。 第二部分：NSDD四步法——精准设计故事情节 NSDD是一个万能的情节构思工具，它能确保你的故事有头有尾、冲突集中、主题积极。 NSDD = N（Needs 需求）→ S（Solutions 方法）→ D（Difficulties 困难）→ D（Denouement 结局） 一、续写情节构思:需求法(NSDD) Needs需求→Difficulty困难、障碍→Solution行动、方法→Denouement结局(需求解决) 续写情节构思:需求法(NSDD)---线索 Needs(需求) 1. 重点看:首尾段+P1P2给定句 2.也可理解为:写作者要写到的内容 Difficulties(困难) 设置困难，原文找冲突、障碍(5W1H+角色特点) Solutions(方法) 1.大转机:通常在P1/P2首句 2.原文:所有角色/事物 Denouement (结局) 1.需求被解决(符合价值观结局) 2.升华感悟(按需要来写) 【历年真题情节:需求-被解决】 年份 主题 需求Needs 结局Denouement 困难Difficulties 方法和媒介Solutions 2024 全国I&II卷 陌生司机相助 钱包丢失需要钱 再次去老地方感谢 无法支付车费 陌生司机的信任让我感激 2023.6 全国I&II卷 老师鼓励“我”参加写作比赛 写作不是我的强项 写作比赛获奖 无数次修改稿件 老师的鼓励让我终身难忘 2023.6 全国浙江卷 救下一只蜂鸟 蜂鸟被困废弃房屋中 蜂鸟记得再次相见的我 人与自然的和谐相处源于救助 2022.6 全国I&II卷 残疾孩子参加越野跑比赛 比赛前信心动摇 坚持完成比赛 学生丧失信心 老师的鼓励让他坚持完成比赛 2021.6 全国I&II卷 母亲节惊喜 做早餐 不会做，厨房乱 爸爸帮忙 父亲的辛劳和担心，触动了我 二、NSDD四步法理论基础 1、“评卷员说” 情节设计原则 1）优先等级:简单·稳妥>紧凑>丰富>故事性 （1）续写内容与原文情境的融洽度； （2）词汇语法的准确性； （3）篇章衔接的有效性。 2. “听评卷人说”评卷标准 1.“语法、时态、拼写、标点、大小写、叙述连贯性等方面的错误率都与学生读后续写的成绩存在不同程度的正相关性。” 2.“普遍存在情节不严密，词汇较低级，句式变化少等情况” 3.“...续写内容要与原文融洽，连贯...” 4.“阅卷实际操作评分标准，主要依据为是否有正确的句子，原则上就高不就低。 20分:内容通顺，细节比较多，允许些许错误。 18分:内容通顺，细节少些，语言有些许错误。 15分:内容可读，语言错误多。 10分:内容基本完整，基本没什么完整的句子。 三、续写情节设计，优先顺序原则: “严密、融洽、连贯. 总结: 情节设计的任务为:简单稳妥 其他维度可通过词汇、句式、连接词、各类描写来实现； 紧凑型:情节推进+连接成分(逻辑连词+副词+介词短语)； 丰富性:各类描写、词汇、句式； 故事性:多读英语小故事，了解文化，熟悉常见情节 3.观察各类描写占比，续写比例与其一致 (1)看各类描写:续写时尽量占比一致； (2)语法句式:尽量保持一致，也可模仿好句； (3)占比多的描写:关键所在，决定情节走向。 第三部分 实战流程：从NSDD到十句大纲 为了让理论落地，我们可以通过一张图看清从阅读原文到完成构思的完整流程： 实战流程示例1 【2025全国一卷】My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 注意: (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I realized it was me who was at fault. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 我们先为两个段落搭建一个稳固的十句框架，确定故事的基本场景和情感走向。 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 我意识到是我的错。 句2 句3 句4 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 我立即采取了行动。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 我带着妻子做的饼干，来到了弟弟家门口。 句7 句8 句9 (定) 交代结局 我们和好了，弟弟和Toby再次来访。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 我领悟到家庭与宽容的真谛。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 现在，我们用NSDD法来检验我们的大纲，确保故事的核心驱动力和逻辑是完整且合理的。 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 修复与弟弟的兄弟关系，弥补自己的过错。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 主人公的自我反思和主动登门道歉是解决问题的关键行动。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 内心的固执与骄傲（认为弟弟应该先打电话）。 2. 弟弟的拒绝与冷漠（“Not a chance”的回复）。 3. 造成伤害的严重性（弟弟正处于丧妻和健康问题的脆弱时期）。 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：兄弟和解，关系恢复。 2. 主题升华：家人之间需要的是爱与理解，而非对错之争。 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 将大纲中的每一句进行扩展，运用高级词汇、复杂句式和细节描写，使文章血肉丰满。 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): I realized it was me who was at fault. 扩句技巧: 使用强调句和比喻，将抽象认知形象化。 扩句后: "Like a lightning bolt, the truth struck me: it was my stubbornness, not his, that had built this wall between us." 句2: 我为自己自私的想法感到羞愧。 扩句技巧: 使用具体事例（等待对方先打电话）来展现心理活动，使羞愧感更真实。 扩句后: "A deep sense of shame washed over me as I recalled how I had selfishly expected him, a man grieving the loss of his wife, to make the first move." 句3: 我深刻理解了Toby对弟弟的重要性。 扩句技巧: 使用同位语和比喻，将Toby的角色具体化、情感化。 扩句后: "I truly understood then that Toby was more than a pet; he was my brother's loyal companion, a living, breathing source of comfort in his lonely world." 句4: 我下定决心，必须主动道歉。 扩句技巧: 使用“not...but...”结构和强烈动词，表达坚定的决心。 扩句后: "I knew I couldn't just text an apology. This rift demanded a gesture of sincerity that could only be conveyed face to face." 句5 (定): 我立即采取了行动。 扩句技巧: 使用“with+名词”结构表示方式，并引出下一段的核心道具（饼干）。 扩句后: "With a determined heart, I enlisted my wife's help, and soon a box of her homemade biscuits—a peace offering—was in my hands." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. 扩句技巧: 增加环境描写和内心感受，烘托紧张气氛。 扩句后: "Holding the box of biscuits tightly, I stood nervously before his door, my heart pounding like a drum as I raised my hand to ring the bell." 句7: 弟弟开门，神情复杂。 扩句技巧: 通过外貌（胡茬）和神态的细节描写，间接表现弟弟低落的状态和复杂心情。 扩句后: "The door opened to reveal my brother, his face etched with surprise and the traces of sadness I had foolishly ignored. He looked tired, with stubble on his chin, but his eyes held a glimmer of something other than anger." 句8: 我真诚道歉，并邀请他和Toby。 扩句技巧: 转述道歉语言，内容要具体（提到Toby），并直接发出邀请。 扩句后: "‘I'm so sorry,' I blurted out, ‘for being so thoughtless. Toby is family, and he is always welcome in our home. Please, both of you, come over this weekend.'" 句9 (定): 我们和好了，弟弟和Toby再次来访。 扩句技巧: 使用“not only...but also...”句型和生动画面收尾，展现圆满结局。 扩句后: "A genuine smile finally broke through his reserve. That weekend, not only did my brother return, but Toby, now calmly playing with the children indoors, became the heart of our reunited family." 句10 (定): 我领悟到家庭与宽容的真谛。 扩句技巧: 运用对比（“not about...but about...”）和比喻进行主题升华。 扩句后: "This whole experience taught me a priceless lesson: family is not about being right, but about being there, with an open heart and a willingness to understand." 实战流程示例2 【2025全国二卷】“What is your name? ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 在课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释名字的含义。 句2 主角心理转变 句3 文化内涵阐释 句4 现场反应描写 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 这次分享打开了交流的大门。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 课后许多同学来找我。 句7 具体互动场景 句8 突破性进展 句9 (定) 故事结局 我们建立了更深的友谊。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 我领悟到文化交流的真谛。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 需要找回文化自信，在保持自我认同的同时更好地融入。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 通过主动分享名字的文化内涵，将障碍转化为桥梁。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 之前的尴尬经历造成的心理阴影 2. 担心再次被嘲笑或不被理解 3. 发音差异的客观存在 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：同学们理解了名字的美，主角重获自信 2. 主题升华：真正的交流源于真诚的分享和理解 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. 扩句技巧: 增加心理活动和环境描写，营造转折氛围。 扩句后: "In a literature class discussion about cultural symbolism, Professor O'Connell unexpectedly turned to me and asked, 'Qiuyu, would you mind sharing the beautiful meaning behind your name?'" 句2: 我决定不再逃避，而是坦诚分享。 扩句技巧: 使用对比手法展现心理转变。 扩句后: "For a moment, my old habit of avoidance surfaced, but then a newfound courage welled up inside me. This was my chance to transform embarrassment into enlightenment." 句3: 我详细解释“秋雨”的诗意和象征。 扩句技巧: 运用具体意象和比喻，让解释生动形象。 扩句后: "I explained that 'Qiuyu' means 'autumn rain'—a cherished concept in Chinese culture representing reflection, cleansing, and the gentle transition into wisdom, much like the rain that washes away the old and nourishes new beginnings." 句4: 教授和同学们表现出浓厚的兴趣。 扩句技巧: 通过肢体语言和反应细节来展现。 扩句后: "As I spoke, I noticed classmates leaning forward, their eyes bright with curiosity, while the professor nodded encouragingly." 句5 (定): 这次分享打开了交流的大门。 扩句技巧: 使用比喻为下一段铺垫。 扩句后: "That simple explanation seemed to unlock a door that had long been closed between us." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. 扩句技巧: 具体描写同学们的热情和多样性。 扩句后: "When the bell rang, instead of rushing out, a diverse group of classmates—from Dublin to Delhi—gathered around my desk, their faces alight with genuine interest." 句7: 他们真诚地尝试学习发音。 扩句技巧: 通过对话和细节展现真诚努力。 扩句后: "'Could you teach us to say it properly?' asked Sarah, her tone respectful. I guided them through the tones: 'Qiu... yu...'" 句8: 突破性进展。 扩句技巧: 描写成功时刻的喜悦和成就感。 扩句后: "After several attempts, a German exchange student finally produced the melodic sounds perfectly. 'Qiuyu!' he exclaimed, and we all burst into cheers." 句9: 故事结局。 扩句技巧: 展现后续的自然交往。 扩句后: "From that day on, they not only remembered my name but would greet me with correct pronunciation in the hallways, often asking about other Chinese traditions." 句10 (定): 点睛升华--我领悟到文化交流的真谛。 扩句技巧: 运用对比和比喻升华主题。 扩句后: "I realized that cultural barriers aren't walls to be torn down but bridges to be built—and sometimes, all it takes is sharing the story behind a name to lay the first stone." 实战流程示例3 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 我们先为两个段落搭建一个稳固的十句框架，确定故事的基本场景和走向。 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 我跑回去告诉Gunter坏消息。 句2 主角反应 句3 配角反应 句4 情感升华/问题转折 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 我记下他的联系方式，成功赶上巴士。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 四天后，我如约从维也纳给Gunter打电话。 句7 深度互动 句8 情节推进 句9 (定) 交代结局 我们建立了跨越国界的友谊。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 这次经历让我深信陌生人之间的善意。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 现在，我们用NSDD法来检验我们的大纲，确保故事的核心驱动力和逻辑是完整且合理的。 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 1. 支付车费（核心矛盾）。 2. 赶上巴士（紧急目标）。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 1. Gunter的信任（允许赊账）是解决问题的关键。 2. “我”的诚信（如约付款）是最终的解决方案。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 无现金。 2. 银行卡失效。 3. ATM机故障。 4. 时间紧迫（巴士即将发车）。 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：赶上巴士并成功付款。 2. 主题升华：一次基于信任的陌生人之善，带来了温暖的友谊。 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 将大纲中的每一句进行扩展，运用高级词汇、复杂句式和细节描写，使文章血肉丰满。 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. 扩句技巧: 增加伴随状态和细节，烘托气氛。 扩句后: "My heart sinking, I ran back to the taxi and told Gunter the frustrating news, my words tumbling out in an anxious rush." 句2: 我因无法付款而感到羞愧和焦急。 扩句技巧: 使用比喻修辞和心理描写。 扩句后: "A hot wave of shame washed over me. There I was, a stranger who had wasted his time and now couldn't even pay him." 句3: Gunter理解我的困境，并未生气。 扩句技巧: 通过神态和动作描写来间接体现人物心理（避免直接描写司机心理）。 扩句后: "He looked at my desperate face, then at the nearly empty bus queue. To my amazement, his stern expression melted into a understanding smile." 句4: Gunter做出了一个信任我的决定：让我先走。 扩句技巧: 转述语言，突出关键决定。 扩句后: "‘Don't worry about it,' he said, waving his hand toward the bus. ‘You can transfer the money later. Just don't miss your conference.'" 句5 (定): 我记下他的联系方式，成功赶上巴士。 扩句技巧: 使用“with+名词”结构和非谓语动词，使句子紧凑生动。 扩句后: "With a heartfelt thank you and his phone number hastily scribbled on a piece of paper, I grabbed my luggage and sprinted to the bus, boarding it just as the doors closed." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. 扩句技巧: 增加副词，强调动作的及时性。 扩句后: "True to my word, I called Gunter the moment I returned to Vienna." 句7: 我们约定见面，重逢场景很愉快。 扩句技巧: 具体化见面地点，通过动作和比喻描写重逢场景。 扩句后: "We agreed to meet at a cozy café. When he arrived, his face lit up with a smile that could melt the snow, and he greeted me with a warm handshake." 句8: 我将车费和一些额外的感谢金交给他。 扩句技巧: 使用“not only... but also...”句型，使表达更有层次。 扩句后: "I handed him an envelope containing not only the full fare but also a generous tip as a token of my deepest gratitude." 句9 (定): 我们建立了跨越国界的友谊。 扩句技巧: 使用现在完成时态，表示持续的状态；加入具体细节让友谊更真实。 扩句后: "That encounter marked the beginning of a lasting friendship. We still exchange emails occasionally, and I never fail to look him up whenever my work brings me back to Vienna." 句10 (定): 这次经历让我深信陌生人之间的善意。 扩句技巧: 运用强调句和比喻修辞进行主题升华。 扩句后: "This experience reinforced my belief that it is the unexpected kindness from strangers that truly makes the world a warmer and more connected place." 第四部分：真题实战 Writing 1 【2024浙江1月卷】Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six-story building. On each floor, hallways stretched in four directions, leading to classrooms, laboratories, and teachers’ offices. Somewhere in the building, there was also a library, a cafeteria, and a gym. Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist. In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile. To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather’s, and that always seemed like a long way, even in a car! When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. ” It’s just the beginning, “she thought.” I’ll come in last for sure. “ Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate, Eva started using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word” mile. “Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2, 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 2 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ&II卷】When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 3 【2023年浙江1月卷】I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 4 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 5 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide. ” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 6 【2022年浙江卷6月】I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do. I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous. I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting. I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had tally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing 7 【2022年浙江卷1月】 When Dr. Henderson was assigning（指定）project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive, extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate （命运）would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren't there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn't mean or abusive; he just gave me the impression he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn't look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis （｛段说）,set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I was outmatched. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn't sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 结部分分为两段，每段的开头语己为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Para 1. We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Para 2. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. Writing 8 【2022年浙江卷6月】I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do. I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous. I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting. I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had tally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03大纲与情节：十句五定法+NSDD四步法 第一部分：十句五定法——快速构建故事骨架 “十句五定法”的核心在于：用十句话勾勒两段情节，其中五个关键句的位置和功能是固定的，这既保证了故事结构稳定、衔接自然，也有效解决了 学生作文“情节断层、细节空洞、偏题、字数不足” 等高频痛点。 Para 1. Para 2. 定句1: 衔接提示句（心理/动作链） 定句6:衔接提示句（心理/动作链） 句2: 句7: 句3: 句8： 句4: 定句9:紧贴原文，交代结局 定句5: 过渡到P2首句 定句10: 点睛升华主题 核心原则 五句固定：第一段的第1、5句，第二段的第1、4、5句是关键锚点，必须紧扣情节核心。 五句灵活：其余五句可根据具体情节微调顺序和内容，保证叙述流畅。 描写禁忌：以第一人称叙述时，不可直接描写他人心理，只能通过其动作、神态、语言间接体现。 第二部分：NSDD四步法——精准设计故事情节 NSDD是一个万能的情节构思工具，它能确保你的故事有头有尾、冲突集中、主题积极。 NSDD = N（Needs 需求）→ S（Solutions 方法）→ D（Difficulties 困难）→ D（Denouement 结局） 一、续写情节构思:需求法(NSDD) Needs需求→Difficulty困难、障碍→Solution行动、方法→Denouement结局(需求解决) 续写情节构思:需求法(NSDD)---线索 Needs(需求) 1. 重点看:首尾段+P1P2给定句 2.也可理解为:写作者要写到的内容 Difficulties(困难) 设置困难，原文找冲突、障碍(5W1H+角色特点) Solutions(方法) 1.大转机:通常在P1/P2首句 2.原文:所有角色/事物 Denouement (结局) 1.需求被解决(符合价值观结局) 2.升华感悟(按需要来写) 【历年真题情节:需求-被解决】 年份 主题 需求Needs 结局Denouement 困难Difficulties 方法和媒介Solutions 2024 全国I&II卷 陌生司机相助 钱包丢失需要钱 再次去老地方感谢 无法支付车费 陌生司机的信任让我感激 2023.6 全国I&II卷 老师鼓励“我”参加写作比赛 写作不是我的强项 写作比赛获奖 无数次修改稿件 老师的鼓励让我终身难忘 2023.6 全国浙江卷 救下一只蜂鸟 蜂鸟被困废弃房屋中 蜂鸟记得再次相见的我 人与自然的和谐相处源于救助 2022.6 全国I&II卷 残疾孩子参加越野跑比赛 比赛前信心动摇 坚持完成比赛 学生丧失信心 老师的鼓励让他坚持完成比赛 2021.6 全国I&II卷 母亲节惊喜 做早餐 不会做，厨房乱 爸爸帮忙 父亲的辛劳和担心，触动了我 二、NSDD四步法理论基础 1、“评卷员说” 情节设计原则 1）优先等级:简单·稳妥>紧凑>丰富>故事性 （1）续写内容与原文情境的融洽度； （2）词汇语法的准确性； （3）篇章衔接的有效性。 2. “听评卷人说”评卷标准 1.“语法、时态、拼写、标点、大小写、叙述连贯性等方面的错误率都与学生读后续写的成绩存在不同程度的正相关性。” 2.“普遍存在情节不严密，词汇较低级，句式变化少等情况” 3.“...续写内容要与原文融洽，连贯...” 4.“阅卷实际操作评分标准，主要依据为是否有正确的句子，原则上就高不就低。 20分:内容通顺，细节比较多，允许些许错误。 18分:内容通顺，细节少些，语言有些许错误。 15分:内容可读，语言错误多。 10分:内容基本完整，基本没什么完整的句子。 三、续写情节设计，优先顺序原则: “严密、融洽、连贯. 总结: 情节设计的任务为:简单稳妥 其他维度可通过词汇、句式、连接词、各类描写来实现； 紧凑型:情节推进+连接成分(逻辑连词+副词+介词短语)； 丰富性:各类描写、词汇、句式； 故事性:多读英语小故事，了解文化，熟悉常见情节 3.观察各类描写占比，续写比例与其一致 (1)看各类描写:续写时尽量占比一致； (2)语法句式:尽量保持一致，也可模仿好句； (3)占比多的描写:关键所在，决定情节走向。 第三部分 实战流程：从NSDD到十句大纲 为了让理论落地，我们可以通过一张图看清从阅读原文到完成构思的完整流程： 实战流程示例1 【2025全国一卷】My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 注意: (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I realized it was me who was at fault. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 我们先为两个段落搭建一个稳固的十句框架，确定故事的基本场景和情感走向。 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 我意识到是我的错。 句2 句3 句4 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 我立即采取了行动。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 我带着妻子做的饼干，来到了弟弟家门口。 句7 句8 句9 (定) 交代结局 我们和好了，弟弟和Toby再次来访。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 我领悟到家庭与宽容的真谛。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 现在，我们用NSDD法来检验我们的大纲，确保故事的核心驱动力和逻辑是完整且合理的。 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 修复与弟弟的兄弟关系，弥补自己的过错。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 主人公的自我反思和主动登门道歉是解决问题的关键行动。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 内心的固执与骄傲（认为弟弟应该先打电话）。 2. 弟弟的拒绝与冷漠（“Not a chance”的回复）。 3. 造成伤害的严重性（弟弟正处于丧妻和健康问题的脆弱时期）。 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：兄弟和解，关系恢复。 2. 主题升华：家人之间需要的是爱与理解，而非对错之争。 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 将大纲中的每一句进行扩展，运用高级词汇、复杂句式和细节描写，使文章血肉丰满。 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): I realized it was me who was at fault. 扩句技巧: 使用强调句和比喻，将抽象认知形象化。 扩句后: "Like a lightning bolt, the truth struck me: it was my stubbornness, not his, that had built this wall between us." 句2: 我为自己自私的想法感到羞愧。 扩句技巧: 使用具体事例（等待对方先打电话）来展现心理活动，使羞愧感更真实。 扩句后: "A deep sense of shame washed over me as I recalled how I had selfishly expected him, a man grieving the loss of his wife, to make the first move." 句3: 我深刻理解了Toby对弟弟的重要性。 扩句技巧: 使用同位语和比喻，将Toby的角色具体化、情感化。 扩句后: "I truly understood then that Toby was more than a pet; he was my brother's loyal companion, a living, breathing source of comfort in his lonely world." 句4: 我下定决心，必须主动道歉。 扩句技巧: 使用“not...but...”结构和强烈动词，表达坚定的决心。 扩句后: "I knew I couldn't just text an apology. This rift demanded a gesture of sincerity that could only be conveyed face to face." 句5 (定): 我立即采取了行动。 扩句技巧: 使用“with+名词”结构表示方式，并引出下一段的核心道具（饼干）。 扩句后: "With a determined heart, I enlisted my wife's help, and soon a box of her homemade biscuits—a peace offering—was in my hands." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. 扩句技巧: 增加环境描写和内心感受，烘托紧张气氛。 扩句后: "Holding the box of biscuits tightly, I stood nervously before his door, my heart pounding like a drum as I raised my hand to ring the bell." 句7: 弟弟开门，神情复杂。 扩句技巧: 通过外貌（胡茬）和神态的细节描写，间接表现弟弟低落的状态和复杂心情。 扩句后: "The door opened to reveal my brother, his face etched with surprise and the traces of sadness I had foolishly ignored. He looked tired, with stubble on his chin, but his eyes held a glimmer of something other than anger." 句8: 我真诚道歉，并邀请他和Toby。 扩句技巧: 转述道歉语言，内容要具体（提到Toby），并直接发出邀请。 扩句后: "‘I'm so sorry,' I blurted out, ‘for being so thoughtless. Toby is family, and he is always welcome in our home. Please, both of you, come over this weekend.'" 句9 (定): 我们和好了，弟弟和Toby再次来访。 扩句技巧: 使用“not only...but also...”句型和生动画面收尾，展现圆满结局。 扩句后: "A genuine smile finally broke through his reserve. That weekend, not only did my brother return, but Toby, now calmly playing with the children indoors, became the heart of our reunited family." 句10 (定): 我领悟到家庭与宽容的真谛。 扩句技巧: 运用对比（“not about...but about...”）和比喻进行主题升华。 扩句后: "This whole experience taught me a priceless lesson: family is not about being right, but about being there, with an open heart and a willingness to understand." 📖 参考范文 One possible version: I realized it was me who was at fault. Like a lightning bolt, the truth struck me: it was my stubbornness, not his, that had built this wall between us. A deep sense of shame washed over me as I recalled how I had selfishly expected him, a man grieving the loss of his wife, to make the first move. I truly understood then that Toby was more than a pet; he was my brother's loyal companion, a living, breathing source of comfort in his lonely world. I knew I couldn't just text an apology. This rift demanded a gesture of sincerity that could only be conveyed face to face. With a determined heart, I enlisted my wife's help, and soon a box of her homemade biscuits—a peace offering—was in my hands. With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. Holding the box of biscuits tightly, I stood nervously before his door, my heart pounding like a drum as I raised my hand to ring the bell. The door opened to reveal my brother, his face etched with surprise and the traces of sadness I had foolishly ignored. He looked tired, with stubble on his chin, but his eyes held a glimmer of something other than anger. "I'm so sorry," I blurted out, "for being so thoughtless. Toby is family, and he is always welcome in our home. Please, both of you, come over this weekend." A genuine smile finally broke through his reserve. That weekend, not only did my brother return, but Toby, now calmly playing with the children indoors, became the heart of our reunited family. This whole experience taught me a priceless lesson: family is not about being right, but about being there, with an open heart and a willingness to understand. 实战流程示例2 【2025全国二卷】“What is your name? ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 在课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释名字的含义。 句2 主角心理转变 句3 文化内涵阐释 句4 现场反应描写 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 这次分享打开了交流的大门。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 课后许多同学来找我。 句7 具体互动场景 句8 突破性进展 句9 (定) 故事结局 我们建立了更深的友谊。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 我领悟到文化交流的真谛。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 需要找回文化自信，在保持自我认同的同时更好地融入。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 通过主动分享名字的文化内涵，将障碍转化为桥梁。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 之前的尴尬经历造成的心理阴影 2. 担心再次被嘲笑或不被理解 3. 发音差异的客观存在 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：同学们理解了名字的美，主角重获自信 2. 主题升华：真正的交流源于真诚的分享和理解 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. 扩句技巧: 增加心理活动和环境描写，营造转折氛围。 扩句后: "In a literature class discussion about cultural symbolism, Professor O'Connell unexpectedly turned to me and asked, 'Qiuyu, would you mind sharing the beautiful meaning behind your name?'" 句2: 我决定不再逃避，而是坦诚分享。 扩句技巧: 使用对比手法展现心理转变。 扩句后: "For a moment, my old habit of avoidance surfaced, but then a newfound courage welled up inside me. This was my chance to transform embarrassment into enlightenment." 句3: 我详细解释“秋雨”的诗意和象征。 扩句技巧: 运用具体意象和比喻，让解释生动形象。 扩句后: "I explained that 'Qiuyu' means 'autumn rain'—a cherished concept in Chinese culture representing reflection, cleansing, and the gentle transition into wisdom, much like the rain that washes away the old and nourishes new beginnings." 句4: 教授和同学们表现出浓厚的兴趣。 扩句技巧: 通过肢体语言和反应细节来展现。 扩句后: "As I spoke, I noticed classmates leaning forward, their eyes bright with curiosity, while the professor nodded encouragingly." 句5 (定): 这次分享打开了交流的大门。 扩句技巧: 使用比喻为下一段铺垫。 扩句后: "That simple explanation seemed to unlock a door that had long been closed between us." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. 扩句技巧: 具体描写同学们的热情和多样性。 扩句后: "When the bell rang, instead of rushing out, a diverse group of classmates—from Dublin to Delhi—gathered around my desk, their faces alight with genuine interest." 句7: 他们真诚地尝试学习发音。 扩句技巧: 通过对话和细节展现真诚努力。 扩句后: "'Could you teach us to say it properly?' asked Sarah, her tone respectful. I guided them through the tones: 'Qiu... yu...'" 句8: 突破性进展。 扩句技巧: 描写成功时刻的喜悦和成就感。 扩句后: "After several attempts, a German exchange student finally produced the melodic sounds perfectly. 'Qiuyu!' he exclaimed, and we all burst into cheers." 句9: 故事结局。 扩句技巧: 展现后续的自然交往。 扩句后: "From that day on, they not only remembered my name but would greet me with correct pronunciation in the hallways, often asking about other Chinese traditions." 句10 (定): 点睛升华--我领悟到文化交流的真谛。 扩句技巧: 运用对比和比喻升华主题。 扩句后: "I realized that cultural barriers aren't walls to be torn down but bridges to be built—and sometimes, all it takes is sharing the story behind a name to lay the first stone." 📖 参考范文 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. In a literature class discussion about cultural symbolism, Professor O'Connell unexpectedly turned to me and asked, "Qiuyu, would you mind sharing the beautiful meaning behind your name?" For a moment, my old habit of avoidance surfaced, but then a newfound courage welled up inside me. I explained that "Qiuyu" means "autumn rain"—a cherished concept in Chinese culture representing reflection and gentle transition into wisdom. As I spoke, I noticed classmates leaning forward, their eyes bright with curiosity. That simple explanation seemed to unlock a door that had long been closed between us. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. When the bell rang, instead of rushing out, a diverse group gathered around my desk. "Could you teach us to say it properly?" asked Sarah. I guided them through the tones, and after several attempts, a German exchange student finally produced the melodic sounds perfectly. From that day on, they not only remembered my name but would greet me correctly in the hallways. I realized that cultural barriers aren't walls to be torn down but bridges to be built—and sometimes, all it takes is sharing the story behind a name to lay the first stone. 实战流程示例3 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：运用十句五定法搭建段落大纲 我们先为两个段落搭建一个稳固的十句框架，确定故事的基本场景和走向。 段落 句序 功能定位 本剧情节设计 第一段 句1 (定) 衔接提示句 我跑回去告诉Gunter坏消息。 句2 主角反应 句3 配角反应 句4 情感升华/问题转折 句5 (定) 过渡到第二段 我记下他的联系方式，成功赶上巴士。 第二段 句6 (定) 衔接提示句 四天后，我如约从维也纳给Gunter打电话。 句7 深度互动 句8 情节推进 句9 (定) 交代结局 我们建立了跨越国界的友谊。 句10 (定) 点睛之笔 这次经历让我深信陌生人之间的善意。 第二步：运用NSDD法审视和补全核心情节 现在，我们用NSDD法来检验我们的大纲，确保故事的核心驱动力和逻辑是完整且合理的。 步骤 核心问题 对应大纲中的情节 N (需求) 主角需要什么？ 1. 支付车费（核心矛盾）。 2. 赶上巴士（紧急目标）。 S (方法) 如何实现需求？ 1. Gunter的信任（允许赊账）是解决问题的关键。 2. “我”的诚信（如约付款）是最终的解决方案。 D (困难) 遇到什么障碍？ 1. 无现金。 2. 银行卡失效。 3. ATM机故障。 4. 时间紧迫（巴士即将发车）。 D (结局) 最终结果与感悟？ 1. 需求解决：赶上巴士并成功付款。 2. 主题升华：一次基于信任的陌生人之善，带来了温暖的友谊。 第三步：扩句成文与技巧点睛 将大纲中的每一句进行扩展，运用高级词汇、复杂句式和细节描写，使文章血肉丰满。 Paragraph 1 扩句分析: 句1 (定): I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. 扩句技巧: 增加伴随状态和细节，烘托气氛。 扩句后: "My heart sinking, I ran back to the taxi and told Gunter the frustrating news, my words tumbling out in an anxious rush." 句2: 我因无法付款而感到羞愧和焦急。 扩句技巧: 使用比喻修辞和心理描写。 扩句后: "A hot wave of shame washed over me. There I was, a stranger who had wasted his time and now couldn't even pay him." 句3: Gunter理解我的困境，并未生气。 扩句技巧: 通过神态和动作描写来间接体现人物心理（避免直接描写司机心理）。 扩句后: "He looked at my desperate face, then at the nearly empty bus queue. To my amazement, his stern expression melted into a understanding smile." 句4: Gunter做出了一个信任我的决定：让我先走。 扩句技巧: 转述语言，突出关键决定。 扩句后: "‘Don't worry about it,' he said, waving his hand toward the bus. ‘You can transfer the money later. Just don't miss your conference.'" 句5 (定): 我记下他的联系方式，成功赶上巴士。 扩句技巧: 使用“with+名词”结构和非谓语动词，使句子紧凑生动。 扩句后: "With a heartfelt thank you and his phone number hastily scribbled on a piece of paper, I grabbed my luggage and sprinted to the bus, boarding it just as the doors closed." Paragraph 2 扩句分析: 句6 (定): Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. 扩句技巧: 增加副词，强调动作的及时性。 扩句后: "True to my word, I called Gunter the moment I returned to Vienna." 句7: 我们约定见面，重逢场景很愉快。 扩句技巧: 具体化见面地点，通过动作和比喻描写重逢场景。 扩句后: "We agreed to meet at a cozy café. When he arrived, his face lit up with a smile that could melt the snow, and he greeted me with a warm handshake." 句8: 我将车费和一些额外的感谢金交给他。 扩句技巧: 使用“not only... but also...”句型，使表达更有层次。 扩句后: "I handed him an envelope containing not only the full fare but also a generous tip as a token of my deepest gratitude." 句9 (定): 我们建立了跨越国界的友谊。 扩句技巧: 使用现在完成时态，表示持续的状态；加入具体细节让友谊更真实。 扩句后: "That encounter marked the beginning of a lasting friendship. We still exchange emails occasionally, and I never fail to look him up whenever my work brings me back to Vienna." 句10 (定): 这次经历让我深信陌生人之间的善意。 扩句技巧: 运用强调句和比喻修辞进行主题升华。 扩句后: "This experience reinforced my belief that it is the unexpected kindness from strangers that truly makes the world a warmer and more connected place." 参考范文 One possible version: I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. My heart sinking, I ran back to the taxi and told Gunter the frustrating news, my words tumbling out in an anxious rush. A hot wave of shame washed over me. There I was, a stranger who had wasted his time and now couldn't even pay him. He looked at my desperate face, then at the nearly empty bus queue. To my amazement, his stern expression melted into a understanding smile. "Don't worry about it," he said, waving his hand toward the bus. "You can transfer the money later. Just don't miss your conference." With a heartfelt thank you and his phone number hastily scribbled on a piece of paper, I grabbed my luggage and sprinted to the bus, boarding it just as the doors closed. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. True to my word, I called Gunter the moment I returned to Vienna. We agreed to meet at a cozy café. When he arrived, his face lit up with a smile that could melt the snow, and he greeted me with a warm handshake. I handed him an envelope containing not only the full fare but also a generous tip as a token of my deepest gratitude. That encounter marked the beginning of a lasting friendship. We still exchange emails occasionally, and I never fail to look him up whenever my work brings me back to Vienna. This experience reinforced my belief that it is the unexpected kindness from strangers that truly makes the world a warmer and more connected place. 第四部分：真题实战 Writing 1 【2024浙江1月卷】Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six-story building. On each floor, hallways stretched in four directions, leading to classrooms, laboratories, and teachers’ offices. Somewhere in the building, there was also a library, a cafeteria, and a gym. Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist. In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile. To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather’s, and that always seemed like a long way, even in a car! When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. ” It’s just the beginning, “she thought.” I’ll come in last for sure. “ Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate, Eva started using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word” mile. “Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2, 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. In the vast expanse of her school, a girl with poor directional skills struggled to navigate and often got lost. One day, during gym class, she observed a unique way to find her way - following the shadows of trees. As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding her path. She took a leap of faith and followed the shadows, surprising herself with each turn and stretch. Her efforts were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking. Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. She used the shadows to navigate the school hallways, find her classes, and even locate the school's various facilities. This newfound skill not only helped the girl navigate her school but also instilled in her a sense of confidence and adventure. She learned excitedly that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. And with each step she took, she left behind a legacy of inspiration for those who followed in her footsteps, knowing that even without a clear sense of direction, there's always a way to find one's way. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了高中生Eva因为方向感不强，经常在学校里迷路，在一次体育课上教练要求他们沿着校园跑步的时候Eva发现跟着树的影子能找到方向，她通过这个方法重新认识到了校园。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当Pitt教练在终点线对她说:“干得好!”，伊娃很惊讶。”可知，第一段可描写Eva通过自己追随影子的方法找到方向，并且受到了教练的称赞。 ②由第二段首句内容“Eva决定用同样的手段来记住学校大楼。”可知，第二段可描写Eva通过记住影子的方法来记住学校大楼并且通过这件事之后的感悟。 2.续写线索：方向感太差记不住学校建筑的位置——体育课上绕着学校跑却找不到方向——害怕最后一名心里非常紧张——跟随影子找到方向——受到教练的赞赏——获得感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①努力做某事：struggle to do sth./strive to do sth. ②导航：navigate/guide ③了解：learn/know/acknowledge 情绪类 ①使某人惊讶：surprise sb./astonish sb. ②激动地：excitedly/in excitement 【点睛】[高分句型1]Her efforts were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking.（who引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]She learned that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. （that引导的宾语从句） Writing 2 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ&II卷】When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!” I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输赢了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的感激。 ②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。 2.续写线索：比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①告知：inform/tell ②成功做到：make it/succeed ③表达：express/convey 情绪类 ①高兴的：happy/glad ②激动地：excitedly/with excitement Writing 3 【2023年浙江1月卷】I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive?     I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。 ②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。 2.续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①思绪回到……：thoughts drift back to/thoughts return to ②匆匆回到：rush back to/hurry back to ③盯着：eyes locked on/eyes staring at 情绪类 ①宽慰：feel a surge of relief/feel relieved ②感激：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. (由as引导的时间状语从句和when引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. (由that引导的主语从句) Writing 4 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【解析】 【导语】本文以赛跑为线索展开。作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”和第二段首句内容”我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛 3.词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in Writing 5 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide. ” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts. ” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【解析】 【导语】本文以赛跑为线索展开。作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”和第二段首句内容”我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2. 续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛 3. 词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in Writing 6 【2022年浙江卷6月】I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do. I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous. I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting. I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had tally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As they came in my direction I put on my brightest and happiest smile. I wanted to make them know that I was really anxious to help them. To my relief, they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile, and I could see their exhaustion in their eyes. I wanted to know what they were going through and I was desperate to know what I could do for them. They nodded gratefully as I pushed my spoon into the pot and took a large spoonful and poured it into their bowls. I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. This experience made me realize that there are so many people in this world who need our help. It also made me realize that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference to them. I will never forget the way they looked at me when they were given food. I am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible to help those in need. 【解题导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了完成高中毕业所需的社区服务时间，需要在所在的社区做点什么，作者去了施粥所，作者发现准备过程中要做的事情很多，作者看到无家可归的人靠近时心里有点害怕，但是却忙得没有时间去担心这些，作者看到了年龄和国籍各不相同的人，这让作者感到很难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当他们朝我走来的时候，我露出了最灿烂、最幸福的笑容。”可知，第一段可描写作者是怎么为无家可归的人施粥。 ②由第二段首句内容“我很高兴我用这种方式赢得了我的服务时间。”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次社区服务的感悟。 2.续写线索：无家可归的人笑——作者舀粥——无家可归的人感激——作者感悟——作者发出呼吁 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①倒：pour/decant ②意识到：realize that/be aware that ③主张：urge sb. to do/advocate sb. to do 情绪类 ①感谢：gratefully/thankfully ②急切的：anxious/eager Writing 7 【2022年浙江卷1月】 When Dr. Henderson was assigning（指定）project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive, extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate （命运）would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren't there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn't mean or abusive; he just gave me the impression he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn't look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis （｛段说）,set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I was outmatched. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn't sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 结部分分为两段，每段的开头语己为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Para 1. We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Para 2. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. 【答案 】 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully, I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back. I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it is ok to do this way or that way. I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views, so I didn’t want to waste our time to discuss. I started to wait to leave immediately we arrived at the place, and so did he. I just hoped that the presentation day could come earlier. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. I felt so sorry to hear that and I thought I should visit him in any case. He was a little surprised to see me when I stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits. I offered to do the rest work of our project and he invited me to share my ideas to perfect it. We began to work as a fine team and finally finished our project on time. Our hard work paid off and Dr. Henderson’s was very satisfied with our wonderful findings. From this project, we also learned the significance of teammates. Just as the saying goes, one person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther. 【解析】 【分析】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次课上被分配了一个不想要的队友共同完成作业共享分 数，他们从最开始的无法配合到最后圆满完成任务的温暖故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： 1 由续写段落第一段首句内容“我们开始定期见面起草计划。”可知，第一段可描写见面起草过程中所发生的 事情以及过程中的心理活动。 2 由续写段落第二段首句内容“有一天，我听说他因为严重的疾病住院了”可知，第二段可描写我的搭档住院 以后我们是如何应对并最终圆满完成作业的。 2. 续写线索：见面起草一我害怕说错，基本保持沉默，只是顺从他的想法一搭档生病住院一探望取得 互信——合作圆满完成——懂得了团队合作的意义 3. 词汇激活 行为类 1 与・・・分享：share sth with sb / exchange sth with sb 2 没能做：fail to do/be unable to do /not make it 3 到达：arrived at /get to /reach/ 4 走进：step into/enter/come into 情绪类 1 惊讶的:surprised/amazed/shocked 2 满意的：satisfied /content/ pleased Writing 8 【2022年浙江卷6月】I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do. I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous. I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting. I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had tally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As they came in my direction I put on my brightest and happiest smile. I wanted to make them know that I was really anxious to help them. To my relief, they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile, and I could see their exhaustion in their eyes. I wanted to know what they were going through and I was desperate to know what I could do for them. They nodded gratefully as I pushed my spoon into the pot and took a large spoonful and poured it into their bowls. I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. This experience made me realize that there are so many people in this world who need our help. It also made me realize that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference to them. I will never forget the way they looked at me when they were given food. I am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible to help those in need. 【解题导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了完成高中毕业所需的社区服务时间，需要在所在的社区做点什么，作者去了施粥所，作者发现准备过程中要做的事情很多，作者看到无家可归的人靠近时心里有点害怕，但是却忙得没有时间去担心这些，作者看到了年龄和国籍各不相同的人，这让作者感到很难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当他们朝我走来的时候，我露出了最灿烂、最幸福的笑容。”可知，第一段可描写作者是怎么为无家可归的人施粥。 ②由第二段首句内容“我很高兴我用这种方式赢得了我的服务时间。”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次社区服务的感悟。 2.续写线索：无家可归的人笑——作者舀粥——无家可归的人感激——作者感悟——作者发出呼吁 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①倒：pour/decant ②意识到：realize that/be aware that ③主张：urge sb. to do/advocate sb. to do 情绪类 ①感谢：gratefully/thankfully ②急切的：anxious/eager ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $